aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/railties/doc/guides/html/performance_testing.html
blob: a13c547849348c57bf10120b5cb73bfaac04e355 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
	<title>Performance testing Rails Applications</title>
	<!--[if lt IE 8]>
	<script src="http://ie7-js.googlecode.com/svn/version/2.0(beta3)/IE8.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
	<![endif]-->
	<link href="stylesheets/base.css" media="screen" rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" />
	<link href="stylesheets/forms.css" media="screen" rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" />
	<link href="stylesheets/more.css" media="screen" rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" />
	<style type="text/css">
		div#container {
	max-width: 900px;
	padding-bottom: 3em;
}

div#content {
	margin-left: 200px;
}

div#container.notoc {
	max-width: 600px;
}

.notoc div#content {
	margin-left: 0;
}

pre {
	line-height: 1.4em;
}

#content p tt {
	background: #eeeeee;
	border: solid 1px #cccccc;
	padding: 3px;
}

dt {
	font-weight: bold;
}

#content dt tt {
	font-size: 10pt;
}

dd {
	margin-left: 3em;
}

#content dt tt, #content pre tt {
	background: none;
	padding: 0;
	border: 0;
}

#content .olist ol {
	margin-left: 2em;
}

#header {
	position: relative;
	max-width: 840px;
	margin-left: auto;
	margin-right: auto;
}

#header.notoc {
	max-width: 580px;
}

#logo {
	position: absolute;
	left: 10px;
	top: 10px;
	width: 110px;
	height: 140px;
}

div#header h1#site_title {
	background: url('images/ruby_on_rails_by_mike_rundle2.gif') top left no-repeat;
	position: absolute;
	width: 392px;
	height: 55px;
	left: 145px;
	top: 20px;
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
}

#site_title span {
	display: none;
}

#site_title_tagline {
	display: none;
}

ul#navMain {
	position: absolute;
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	top: 97px;
	left: 145px;
}

.left-floaty, .right-floaty {
	padding: 15px;
}

.admonitionblock,
.tableblock {
	margin-left: 1em;
	margin-right: 1em;
	margin-top: 0.25em;
	margin-bottom: 1em;
}

.admonitionblock .icon {
	padding-right: 8px;
}

.admonitionblock .content {
	border: solid 1px #ffda78;
	background: #fffebd;
	padding: 10px;
	padding-top: 8px;
	padding-bottom: 8px;
}

.admonitionblock .title {
	font-size: 140%;
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

.tableblock table {
	border: solid 1px #aaaaff;
	background: #f0f0ff;
}

.tableblock th {
	background: #e0e0e0;
}

.tableblock th,
.tableblock td {
	padding: 3px;
	padding-left: 5px;
	padding-right: 5px;
}

.sidebarblock {
	margin-top: 0.25em;
	margin: 1em;
	border: solid 1px #ccccbb;
	padding: 8px;
	background: #ffffe0;
}

.sidebarblock .sidebar-title {
	font-size: 140%;
	font-weight: 600;
	margin-bottom: 0.3em;
}

.sidebarblock .sidebar-content > .para:last-child > p {
	margin-bottom: 0;
}

.sidebarblock .sidebar-title a {
	text-decoration: none;
}

.sidebarblock .sidebar-title a:hover {
	text-decoration: underline;
}

	</style>
</head>
<body>
	<div id="header" >
		<div id="logo">
			<a href="index.html" title="Ruby on Rails"><img src="images/rails_logo_remix.gif" alt="Rails" height="140" width="110" /></a>
		</div>
		
		<h1 id="site_title"><span>Ruby on Rails</span></h1>
		<h2 id="site_title_tagline">Sustainable productivity for web-application development</h2>

		<ul id="navMain">
			<li class="first-child"><a href="http://www.rubyonrails.org/" title="Ruby on Rails" class="ruby_on_rails">Ruby on Rails</a></li>
			<li><a class="manuals" href="index.html" title="Manuals Index">Guides Index</a></li>
		</ul>
	</div>

	<div id="container">
		
		<div id="sidebar">
			<h2>Chapters</h2>
			<ol>
					<li>
					<a href="#_using_and_understanding_the_log_files">Using and understanding the log files</a>
					</li>
					<li>
					<a href="#_helper_methods">Helper methods</a>
					</li>
					<li>
					<a href="#_performance_test_cases">Performance Test Cases</a>
						<ul>
						
							<li><a href="#_modes">Modes</a></li>
						
							<li><a href="#_metrics">Metrics</a></li>
						
							<li><a href="#_understanding_the_output">Understanding the output</a></li>
						
							<li><a href="#_preparing_ruby_and_ruby_prof">Preparing Ruby and Ruby-prof</a></li>
						
							<li><a href="#_generating_performance_test">Generating performance test</a></li>
						
						</ul>
					</li>
					<li>
					<a href="#_other_profiling_tools">Other Profiling Tools</a>
					</li>
					<li>
					<a href="#_commercial_products_dedicated_to_rails_perfomance">Commercial products dedicated to Rails Perfomance</a>
					</li>
					<li>
					<a href="#_changelog">Changelog</a>
					</li>
			</ol>
		</div>
		
		<div id="content">
				<h1>Performance testing Rails Applications</h1>
			<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>This guide covers the benchmarking and profiling tactics/tools of Rails and Ruby in general. By referring to this guide, you will be able to:</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Understand the various types of benchmarking and profiling metrics
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Generate performance/benchmarking tests
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Use GC patched Ruby binary to measure memory usage and object allocation
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Understand the information provided by Rails inside the log files
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Learn about various tools facilitating benchmarking and profiling
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Performance testing is an integral part of the development cycle. It is very important that you don&#8217;t make your end users wait for too long before the page is completely loaded. Ensuring a plesant browsing experience to the end users and cutting cost of unnecessary hardwares is important for any web application.</p></div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 id="_using_and_understanding_the_log_files">1. Using and understanding the log files</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Rails logs files containt basic but very useful information about the time taken to serve every request. A typical log entry looks something like :</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>Processing ItemsController<span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900">#index (for 127.0.0.1 at 2009-01-08 03:06:39) [GET]</span></span>
Rendering template within layouts<span style="color: #990000">/</span>items
Rendering items<span style="color: #990000">/</span>index
Completed <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">in</span></span> 5ms <span style="color: #990000">(</span>View<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">2</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span> DB<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">)</span> <span style="color: #990000">|</span> <span style="color: #993399">200</span> OK <span style="color: #990000">[</span>http<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #FF6600">//0.0.0.0/</span>items<span style="color: #990000">]</span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>For this section, we&#8217;re only interested in the last line from that log entry:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>Completed <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">in</span></span> 5ms <span style="color: #990000">(</span>View<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">2</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span> DB<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">)</span> <span style="color: #990000">|</span> <span style="color: #993399">200</span> OK <span style="color: #990000">[</span>http<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #FF6600">//0.0.0.0/</span>items<span style="color: #990000">]</span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This data is fairly straight forward to understand. Rails uses millisecond(ms) as the metric to measures the time taken. The complete request spent 5 ms inside Rails, out of which 2 ms were spent rendering views and none was spent communication with the database. It&#8217;s safe to assume that the remaining 3 ms were spent inside the controller.</p></div>
</div>
<h2 id="_helper_methods">2. Helper methods</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Rails provides various helper methods inside Active Record, Action Controller and Action View to measure the time taken by a specific code. The method is called <tt>benchmark()</tt> in all three components.</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>Project<span style="color: #990000">.</span>benchmark<span style="color: #990000">(</span><span style="color: #FF0000">"Creating project"</span><span style="color: #990000">)</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">do</span></span>
  project <span style="color: #990000">=</span> Project<span style="color: #990000">.</span>create<span style="color: #990000">(</span><span style="color: #FF0000">"name"</span> <span style="color: #990000">=&gt;</span> <span style="color: #FF0000">"stuff"</span><span style="color: #990000">)</span>
  project<span style="color: #990000">.</span>create_manager<span style="color: #990000">(</span><span style="color: #FF0000">"name"</span> <span style="color: #990000">=&gt;</span> <span style="color: #FF0000">"David"</span><span style="color: #990000">)</span>
  project<span style="color: #990000">.</span>milestones <span style="color: #990000">&lt;&lt;</span> Milestone<span style="color: #990000">.</span>find<span style="color: #990000">(:</span>all<span style="color: #990000">)</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>The above code benchmarks the multiple statments enclosed inside <tt>Project.benchmark("Creating project") do..end</tt> block and prints the results inside log files. The statement inside log files will look like:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>Creating projectem <span style="color: #990000">(</span><span style="color: #993399">185</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>3ms<span style="color: #990000">)</span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Please refer to <a href="http://api.rubyonrails.com/classes/ActiveRecord/Base.html#M001336">API docs</a> for optional options to <tt>benchmark()</tt></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Similarly, you could use this helper method inside <a href="http://api.rubyonrails.com/classes/ActionController/Benchmarking/ClassMethods.html#M000715">controllers</a> ( Note that it&#8217;s a class method here ):</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">def</span></span> process_projects
  <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">self</span></span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">class</span></span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>benchmark<span style="color: #990000">(</span><span style="color: #FF0000">"Processing projects"</span><span style="color: #990000">)</span> <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">do</span></span>
    Project<span style="color: #990000">.</span>process<span style="color: #990000">(</span>params<span style="color: #990000">[:</span>project_ids<span style="color: #990000">])</span>
    Project<span style="color: #990000">.</span>update_cached_projects
  <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>and <a href="http://api.rubyonrails.com/classes/ActionController/Benchmarking/ClassMethods.html#M000715">views</a>:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt><span style="color: #FF0000">&lt;% benchmark("Showing projects partial") do %&gt;</span>
  <span style="color: #FF0000">&lt;%= render :partial =&gt;</span> <span style="color: #009900">@projects</span> <span style="color: #990000">%&gt;</span>
<span style="color: #FF0000">&lt;% end %&gt;</span></tt></pre></div></div>
</div>
<h2 id="_performance_test_cases">3. Performance Test Cases</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>Rails provides a very easy way to write performance test cases, which look just like the regular integration tests. Performance tests run a code profiler on your test methods. Profiling output for combinations of each test method, measurement, and output format are written to your <tt>tmp/performance</tt> directory. By default, process_time is measured and both flat and graph_html output formats are written, so you&#8217;ll have two output files per test method.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If you have a look at <tt>test/performance/browsing_test.rb</tt> in a newly created Rails application:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">require</span></span> <span style="color: #FF0000">'test_helper'</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">require</span></span> <span style="color: #FF0000">'performance_test_help'</span>

<span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900"># Profiling results for each test method are written to tmp/performance.</span></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">class</span></span> BrowsingTest <span style="color: #990000">&lt;</span> ActionController<span style="color: #990000">::</span>PerformanceTest
  <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">def</span></span> test_homepage
    get <span style="color: #FF0000">'/'</span>
  <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is an automatically generated example performance test file, for testing performance of homepage(<em>/</em>) of the application.</p></div>
<h3 id="_modes">3.1. Modes</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Performance test cases can be run in two modes : Benchmarking and Profling.</p></div>
<h4 id="_benchmarking">3.1.1. Benchmarking</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Benchmarking helps you find out how fast are your test cases. Each Test case is run <tt>4 times</tt> in this mode. To run performance tests in benchmarking mode:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>$ rake <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">test</span></span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>benchmark</tt></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="_profiling">3.1.2. Profiling</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Profiling helps introspect into your test cases and figure out which are the slow parts. Each Test case is run <tt>1 time</tt> in this mode. To run performance tests in profiling mode:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>$ rake <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">test</span></span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>profile</tt></pre></div></div>
<h3 id="_metrics">3.2. Metrics</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Benchmarking and profiling run performance test cases in various modes to help precisely figure out the where the problem lies.</p></div>
<h4 id="_wall_time">3.2.1. Wall Time</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Measures the real world time elapsed during the test run. It is affected by any other processes concurrently running on the system.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Mode : Benchmarking</p></div>
<h4 id="_process_time">3.2.2. Process Time</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Measures the time taken by the process. It is unaffected by any other processes running concurrently on the same system. Hence, process time is likely to be constant for any given performance test, irrespective of the machine load.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Mode : Profiling</p></div>
<h4 id="_memory">3.2.3. Memory</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Measures the amount of memory used for the performance test case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Mode : Benchmarking, Profiling [Requires specially compiled Ruby]</p></div>
<h4 id="_objects">3.2.4. Objects</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Measures the number of objects allocated for the performance test case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Mode : Benchmarking, Profiling [Requires specially compiled Ruby]</p></div>
<h4 id="_gc_runs">3.2.5. GC Runs</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Measures the number of times GC was invoked for the performance test case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Mode : Benchmarking [Requires specially compiled Ruby]</p></div>
<h4 id="_gc_time">3.2.6. GC Time</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Measures the amount of time spent in GC for the performance test case.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Mode : Benchmarking [Requires specially compiled Ruby]</p></div>
<h3 id="_understanding_the_output">3.3. Understanding the output</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Performance tests generate different outputs inside <tt>tmp/performance</tt> directory based on the mode it is run in and the metric.</p></div>
<h4 id="_benchmarking_2">3.3.1. Benchmarking</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>In benchmarking mode, performance tests generate two types of outputs :</p></div>
<h5 id="_command_line">Command line</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is the primary form of output in benchmarking mode. Example :</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>BrowsingTest<span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900">#test_homepage (31 ms warmup)</span></span>
           wall_time<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">6</span> ms
              memory<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">437.27</span> KB
             objects<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">5514</span>
             gc_runs<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">0</span>
             gc_time<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">19</span> ms</tt></pre></div></div>
<h5 id="_csv_files">CSV files</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Performance tests results are also appended to <tt>.csv</tt> files inside <tt>tmp/performance/&lt;Class&gt;#&lt;test&gt;_&lt;metric&gt;.csv</tt> file. For example, running the default <tt>BrowsingTest#test_homepage</tt> will generate following five files :</p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
BrowsingTest#test_homepage_gc_runs.csv
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
BrowsingTest#test_homepage_gc_time.csv
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
BrowsingTest#test_homepage_memory.csv
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
BrowsingTest#test_homepage_objects.csv
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
BrowsingTest#test_homepage_wall_time.csv
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>As the results are appended to these files each time the performance tests are run in benchmarking mode, it enables you gather data over a sustainable period of time which can be very helpful with various performance analysis.</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Sample output of +BrowsingTest#test_homepage_wall_time.csv + :</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>measurement<span style="color: #990000">,</span>created_at<span style="color: #990000">,</span>app<span style="color: #990000">,</span>rails<span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby<span style="color: #990000">,</span>platform
<span style="color: #993399">0.00738224999999992</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T03<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">40</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>29Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.110</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00755874999999984</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T03<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">46</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>18Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.110</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00762099999999993</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T03<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">49</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>25Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.110</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00603075000000008</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T04<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">03</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>29Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.111</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.1</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00619899999999995</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T04<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">03</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>53Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.111</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.1</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00755449999999991</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T04<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">04</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>55Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.110</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00595999999999997</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-08T04<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">05</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>06Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0744148</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.111</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.1</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00740450000000004</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-09T03<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">54</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>47Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">859e150</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.110</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00603150000000008</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-09T03<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">54</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>57Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">859e150</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.111</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.1</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #993399">0.00771250000000012</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span><span style="color: #993399">2009</span>-<span style="color: #993399">01</span>-09T15<span style="color: #990000">:</span><span style="color: #993399">46</span><span style="color: #990000">:</span>03Z<span style="color: #990000">,,</span><span style="color: #993399">2.3</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>master<span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">859e150</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6.110</span><span style="color: #990000">,</span>i686-darwin<span style="color: #993399">9.0</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">0</span></tt></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="_profiling_2">3.3.2. Profiling</h4>
<h5 id="_command_line_2">Command line</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This is the very basic form of output in profiling mode. Example :</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt>BrowsingTest<span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900">#test_homepage (58 ms warmup)</span></span>
        process_time<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">63</span> ms
              memory<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">832.13</span> KB
             objects<span style="color: #990000">:</span> <span style="color: #993399">7882</span></tt></pre></div></div>
<h5 id="_flat">Flat</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Flat output shows the total amount of time spent in each method. <a href="http://ruby-prof.rubyforge.org/files/examples/flat_txt.html">Check ruby prof documentation for a better explaination</a>.</p></div>
<h5 id="_graph">Graph</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Graph output shows how long each method takes to run, which methods call it and which methods it calls. <a href="http://ruby-prof.rubyforge.org/files/examples/graph_txt.html">Check ruby prof documentation for a better explaination</a>.</p></div>
<h5 id="_tree">Tree</h5>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Tree output is profiling information in calltree format for use by kcachegrind and similar tools.</p></div>
<h3 id="_preparing_ruby_and_ruby_prof">3.4. Preparing Ruby and Ruby-prof</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Before we go ahead, Rails performance testing requires you to build a special Ruby binary with some super powers - GC patch for measuring GC Runs/Time. This process is very straight forward. If you&#8217;ve never compiled a Ruby binary before, you can follow the following steps to build a ruby binary inside your home directory:</p></div>
<h4 id="_compile">3.4.1. Compile</h4>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt><span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null <span style="color: #990000">~]</span>$ mkdir rubygc
<span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null <span style="color: #990000">~]</span>$ wget ftp<span style="color: #990000">:</span>//ftp<span style="color: #990000">.</span>ruby-lang<span style="color: #990000">.</span>org/pub/ruby<span style="color: #990000">/</span><span style="color: #993399">1.8</span>/ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6</span>-p<span style="color: #993399">111</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>tar<span style="color: #990000">.</span>gz
<span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null <span style="color: #990000">~]</span>$ tar -xzvf ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6</span>-p<span style="color: #993399">111</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span>tar<span style="color: #990000">.</span>gz
<span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null <span style="color: #990000">~]</span>$ cd ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6</span>-p<span style="color: #993399">111</span>
<span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6</span>-p<span style="color: #993399">111</span><span style="color: #990000">]</span>$ curl http<span style="color: #990000">:</span>//rubyforge<span style="color: #990000">.</span>org/tracker/download<span style="color: #990000">.</span>php<span style="color: #990000">/</span><span style="color: #993399">1814</span><span style="color: #990000">/</span><span style="color: #993399">7062</span><span style="color: #990000">/</span><span style="color: #993399">17676</span><span style="color: #990000">/</span><span style="color: #993399">3291</span>/ruby186gc<span style="color: #990000">.</span>patch <span style="color: #990000">|</span> patch -p<span style="color: #993399">0</span>
<span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6</span>-p<span style="color: #993399">111</span><span style="color: #990000">]</span>$ <span style="color: #990000">.</span>/configure --prefix<span style="color: #990000">=</span>/Users/lifo/rubygc
<span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null ruby-<span style="color: #993399">1.8</span><span style="color: #990000">.</span><span style="color: #993399">6</span>-p<span style="color: #993399">111</span><span style="color: #990000">]</span>$ make <span style="color: #990000">&amp;&amp;</span> make install</tt></pre></div></div>
<h4 id="_prepare_aliases">3.4.2. Prepare aliases</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Add the following lines in your ~/.profile for convenience:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><tt>alias gcruby='/Users/lifo/rubygc/bin/ruby'
alias gcrake='/Users/lifo/rubygc/bin/rake'
alias gcgem='/Users/lifo/rubygc/bin/gem'
alias gcirb='/Users/lifo/rubygc/bin/irb'
alias gcrails='/Users/lifo/rubygc/bin/rails'</tt></pre>
</div></div>
<h4 id="_install_rubygems_and_some_basic_gems">3.4.3. Install rubygems and some basic gems</h4>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Download <a href="http://rubyforge.org/projects/rubygems">Rubygems</a> and install it from source. Afterwards, install rake. rails, ruby-prof and rack gems:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><tt>[lifo@null ~]$ gcgem install rake
[lifo@null ~]$ gcgem install rails
[lifo@null ~]$ gcgem install ruby-prof
[lifo@null ~]$ gcgem install rack</tt></pre>
</div></div>
<h4 id="_install_mysql_gem">3.4.4. Install MySQL gem</h4>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><tt>[lifo@null ~]$ gcgem install mysql</tt></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>If this fails, you can try to install it manually:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre><tt>[lifo@null ~]$ cd /Users/lifo/rubygc/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/mysql-2.7/
[lifo@null mysql-2.7]$ gcruby extconf.rb --with-mysql-config
[lifo@null mysql-2.7]$ make &amp;&amp; make install</tt></pre>
</div></div>
<h3 id="_generating_performance_test">3.5. Generating performance test</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Rails provides a generator for creating new performance tests:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt><span style="color: #990000">[</span>lifo@null application <span style="color: #990000">(</span>master<span style="color: #990000">)]</span>$ script/generate performance_test homepage</tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This will generate <tt>test/performance/homepage_test.rb</tt>:</p></div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content"><!-- Generator: GNU source-highlight 2.9
by Lorenzo Bettini
http://www.lorenzobettini.it
http://www.gnu.org/software/src-highlite -->
<pre><tt><span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">require</span></span> <span style="color: #FF0000">'test_helper'</span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #000080">require</span></span> <span style="color: #FF0000">'performance_test_help'</span>

<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">class</span></span> HomepageTest <span style="color: #990000">&lt;</span> ActionController<span style="color: #990000">::</span>PerformanceTest
  <span style="font-style: italic"><span style="color: #9A1900"># Replace this with your real tests.</span></span>
  <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">def</span></span> test_homepage
    get <span style="color: #FF0000">'/'</span>
  <span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span>
<span style="font-weight: bold"><span style="color: #0000FF">end</span></span></tt></pre></div></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Which you can modify to suit your needs.</p></div>
</div>
<h2 id="_other_profiling_tools">4. Other Profiling Tools</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/linux/httperf/">httperf</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://rails-analyzer.rubyforge.org/">Rails Analyzer</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.flyingmachinestudios.com/projects/">Palmist</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<h2 id="_commercial_products_dedicated_to_rails_perfomance">5. Commercial products dedicated to Rails Perfomance</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.newrelic.com">New Relic</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://www.fiveruns.com">Fiveruns</a>
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
<a href="http://scoutapp.com">Scout</a>
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<h2 id="_changelog">6. Changelog</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="http://rails.lighthouseapp.com/projects/16213-rails-guides/tickets/4">Lighthouse ticket</a></p></div>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
January 9, 2009: Rewrite by Pratik
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
October 17, 2008: First revision by Pratik
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
September 6, 2008: Initial version by Matthew Bergman
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>

		</div>
	</div>
</body>
</html>