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module ActiveRecord
module CalculationMethods
# Count operates using three different approaches.
#
# * Count all: By not passing any parameters to count, it will return a count of all the rows for the model.
# * Count using column: By passing a column name to count, it will return a count of all the rows for the model with supplied column present
# * Count using options will find the row count matched by the options used.
#
# The third approach, count using options, accepts an option hash as the only parameter. The options are:
#
# * <tt>:conditions</tt>: An SQL fragment like "administrator = 1" or [ "user_name = ?", username ]. See conditions in the intro to ActiveRecord::Base.
# * <tt>:joins</tt>: Either an SQL fragment for additional joins like "LEFT JOIN comments ON comments.post_id = id" (rarely needed)
# or named associations in the same form used for the <tt>:include</tt> option, which will perform an INNER JOIN on the associated table(s).
# If the value is a string, then the records will be returned read-only since they will have attributes that do not correspond to the table's columns.
# Pass <tt>:readonly => false</tt> to override.
# * <tt>:include</tt>: Named associations that should be loaded alongside using LEFT OUTER JOINs. The symbols named refer
# to already defined associations. When using named associations, count returns the number of DISTINCT items for the model you're counting.
# See eager loading under Associations.
# * <tt>:order</tt>: An SQL fragment like "created_at DESC, name" (really only used with GROUP BY calculations).
# * <tt>:group</tt>: An attribute name by which the result should be grouped. Uses the GROUP BY SQL-clause.
# * <tt>:select</tt>: By default, this is * as in SELECT * FROM, but can be changed if you, for example, want to do a join but not
# include the joined columns.
# * <tt>:distinct</tt>: Set this to true to make this a distinct calculation, such as SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT posts.id) ...
# * <tt>:from</tt> - By default, this is the table name of the class, but can be changed to an alternate table name (or even the name
# of a database view).
#
# Examples for counting all:
# Person.count # returns the total count of all people
#
# Examples for counting by column:
# Person.count(:age) # returns the total count of all people whose age is present in database
#
# Examples for count with options:
# Person.count(:conditions => "age > 26")
# Person.count(:conditions => "age > 26 AND job.salary > 60000", :include => :job) # because of the named association, it finds the DISTINCT count using LEFT OUTER JOIN.
# Person.count(:conditions => "age > 26 AND job.salary > 60000", :joins => "LEFT JOIN jobs on jobs.person_id = person.id") # finds the number of rows matching the conditions and joins.
# Person.count('id', :conditions => "age > 26") # Performs a COUNT(id)
# Person.count(:all, :conditions => "age > 26") # Performs a COUNT(*) (:all is an alias for '*')
#
# Note: <tt>Person.count(:all)</tt> will not work because it will use <tt>:all</tt> as the condition. Use Person.count instead.
def count(column_name = nil, options = {})
column_name, options = nil, column_name if column_name.is_a?(Hash)
column_name = select_for_count unless column_name
distinct = options.delete(:distinct)
if options.any?
calculation_relation(options).count(column_name, :distinct => distinct)
else
relation_for_association_calculations.calculate(:count, column_name || :all, :distinct => distinct)
end
rescue ThrowResult
0
end
# Calculates the average value on a given column. The value is returned as
# a float, or +nil+ if there's no row. See +calculate+ for examples with
# options.
#
# Person.average('age') # => 35.8
def average(column_name, options = {})
calculation_relation(options).calculate(:average, column_name)
end
# Calculates the minimum value on a given column. The value is returned
# with the same data type of the column, or +nil+ if there's no row. See
# +calculate+ for examples with options.
#
# Person.minimum('age') # => 7
def minimum(column_name, options = {})
calculation_relation(options).calculate(:minimum, column_name)
end
# Calculates the maximum value on a given column. The value is returned
# with the same data type of the column, or +nil+ if there's no row. See
# +calculate+ for examples with options.
#
# Person.maximum('age') # => 93
def maximum(column_name, options = {})
calculation_relation(options).calculate(:maximum, column_name)
end
# Calculates the sum of values on a given column. The value is returned
# with the same data type of the column, 0 if there's no row. See
# +calculate+ for examples with options.
#
# Person.sum('age') # => 4562
def sum(column_name, options = {})
calculation_relation(options).calculate(:sum, column_name)
end
def calculate(operation, column_name, options = {})
operation = operation.to_s.downcase
if operation == "count"
joins = arel.joins(arel)
if joins.present? && joins =~ /LEFT OUTER/i
distinct = true
column_name = @klass.primary_key if column_name == :all
end
distinct = nil if column_name.to_s =~ /\s*DISTINCT\s+/i
distinct ||= options[:distinct]
else
distinct = nil
end
distinct = options[:distinct] || distinct
column_name = :all if column_name.blank? && operation == "count"
if @group_values.any?
return execute_grouped_calculation(operation, column_name)
else
return execute_simple_calculation(operation, column_name, distinct)
end
rescue ThrowResult
0
end
def calculation_relation(options = {})
if options.present?
apply_finder_options(options.except(:distinct)).calculation_relation
else
relation_for_association_calculations
end
end
private
def relation_for_association_calculations
(eager_loading? || includes_values.present?) ? construct_relation_for_association_calculations : self
end
def execute_simple_calculation(operation, column_name, distinct) #:nodoc:
column = if @klass.column_names.include?(column_name.to_s)
Arel::Attribute.new(@klass.unscoped, column_name)
else
Arel::SqlLiteral.new(column_name == :all ? "*" : column_name.to_s)
end
relation = select(operation == 'count' ? column.count(distinct) : column.send(operation))
type_cast_calculated_value(@klass.connection.select_value(relation.to_sql), column_for(column_name), operation)
end
def execute_grouped_calculation(operation, column_name) #:nodoc:
group_attr = @group_values.first
association = @klass.reflect_on_association(group_attr.to_sym)
associated = association && association.macro == :belongs_to # only count belongs_to associations
group_field = associated ? association.primary_key_name : group_attr
group_alias = column_alias_for(group_field)
group_column = column_for(group_field)
group = @klass.connection.adapter_name == 'FrontBase' ? group_alias : group_field
aggregate_alias = column_alias_for(operation, column_name)
select_statement = if operation == 'count' && column_name == :all
"COUNT(*) AS count_all"
else
Arel::Attribute.new(@klass.unscoped, column_name).send(operation).as(aggregate_alias).to_sql
end
select_statement << ", #{group_field} AS #{group_alias}"
relation = select(select_statement).group(group)
calculated_data = @klass.connection.select_all(relation.to_sql)
if association
key_ids = calculated_data.collect { |row| row[group_alias] }
key_records = association.klass.base_class.find(key_ids)
key_records = key_records.inject({}) { |hsh, r| hsh.merge(r.id => r) }
end
calculated_data.inject(ActiveSupport::OrderedHash.new) do |all, row|
key = type_cast_calculated_value(row[group_alias], group_column)
key = key_records[key] if associated
value = row[aggregate_alias]
all[key] = type_cast_calculated_value(value, column_for(column_name), operation)
all
end
end
# Converts the given keys to the value that the database adapter returns as
# a usable column name:
#
# column_alias_for("users.id") # => "users_id"
# column_alias_for("sum(id)") # => "sum_id"
# column_alias_for("count(distinct users.id)") # => "count_distinct_users_id"
# column_alias_for("count(*)") # => "count_all"
# column_alias_for("count", "id") # => "count_id"
def column_alias_for(*keys)
table_name = keys.join(' ')
table_name.downcase!
table_name.gsub!(/\*/, 'all')
table_name.gsub!(/\W+/, ' ')
table_name.strip!
table_name.gsub!(/ +/, '_')
@klass.connection.table_alias_for(table_name)
end
def column_for(field)
field_name = field.to_s.split('.').last
@klass.columns.detect { |c| c.name.to_s == field_name }
end
def type_cast_calculated_value(value, column, operation = nil)
case operation
when 'count' then value.to_i
when 'sum' then type_cast_using_column(value || '0', column)
when 'average' then value && (value.is_a?(Fixnum) ? value.to_f : value).to_d
else type_cast_using_column(value, column)
end
end
def type_cast_using_column(value, column)
column ? column.type_cast(value) : value
end
def select_for_count
if @select_values.present?
select = @select_values.join(", ")
select if select !~ /(,|\*)/
end
end
end
end
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