aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/activerecord/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb
blob: e30fcf9a4f541b7267558ed43762379ddb03b6c4 (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
require 'erb'
require 'yaml'
require 'csv'
require 'active_support/dependencies'
require 'active_support/test_case'
require 'active_support/core_ext/logger'

if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
  module YAML #:nodoc:
    class Omap #:nodoc:
      def keys;   map { |k, v| k } end
      def values; map { |k, v| v } end
    end
  end
end

if defined? ActiveRecord
  class FixtureClassNotFound < ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError #:nodoc:
  end
else
  class FixtureClassNotFound < StandardError #:nodoc:
  end
end

# Fixtures are a way of organizing data that you want to test against; in short, sample data.
#
# = Fixture formats
#
# Fixtures come in 3 flavors:
#
#   1.  YAML fixtures
#   2.  CSV fixtures
#   3.  Single-file fixtures
#
# == YAML fixtures
#
# This type of fixture is in YAML format and the preferred default. YAML is a file format which describes data structures
# in a non-verbose, human-readable format. It ships with Ruby 1.8.1+.
#
# Unlike single-file fixtures, YAML fixtures are stored in a single file per model, which are placed in the directory appointed
# by <tt>ActiveSupport::TestCase.fixture_path=(path)</tt> (this is automatically configured for Rails, so you can just
# put your files in <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/</tt>). The fixture file ends with the <tt>.yml</tt> file extension (Rails example:
# <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/web_sites.yml</tt>). The format of a YAML fixture file looks like this:
#
#   rubyonrails:
#     id: 1
#     name: Ruby on Rails
#     url: http://www.rubyonrails.org
#
#   google:
#     id: 2
#     name: Google
#     url: http://www.google.com
#
# This YAML fixture file includes two fixtures.  Each YAML fixture (ie. record) is given a name and is followed by an
# indented list of key/value pairs in the "key: value" format.  Records are separated by a blank line for your viewing
# pleasure.
#
# Note that YAML fixtures are unordered. If you want ordered fixtures, use the omap YAML type.  See http://yaml.org/type/omap.html
# for the specification.  You will need ordered fixtures when you have foreign key constraints on keys in the same table.
# This is commonly needed for tree structures.  Example:
#
#    --- !omap
#    - parent:
#        id:         1
#        parent_id:  NULL
#        title:      Parent
#    - child:
#        id:         2
#        parent_id:  1
#        title:      Child
#
# == CSV fixtures
#
# Fixtures can also be kept in the Comma Separated Value (CSV) format. Akin to YAML fixtures, CSV fixtures are stored
# in a single file, but instead end with the <tt>.csv</tt> file extension
# (Rails example: <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/web_sites.csv</tt>).
#
# The format of this type of fixture file is much more compact than the others, but also a little harder to read by us
# humans.  The first line of the CSV file is a comma-separated list of field names.  The rest of the file is then comprised
# of the actual data (1 per line).  Here's an example:
#
#   id, name, url
#   1, Ruby On Rails, http://www.rubyonrails.org
#   2, Google, http://www.google.com
#
# Should you have a piece of data with a comma character in it, you can place double quotes around that value.  If you
# need to use a double quote character, you must escape it with another double quote.
#
# Another unique attribute of the CSV fixture is that it has *no* fixture name like the other two formats.  Instead, the
# fixture names are automatically generated by deriving the class name of the fixture file and adding an incrementing
# number to the end.  In our example, the 1st fixture would be called "web_site_1" and the 2nd one would be called
# "web_site_2".
#
# Most databases and spreadsheets support exporting to CSV format, so this is a great format for you to choose if you
# have existing data somewhere already.
#
# == Single-file fixtures
#
# This type of fixture was the original format for Active Record that has since been deprecated in favor of the YAML and CSV formats.
# Fixtures for this format are created by placing text files in a sub-directory (with the name of the model) to the directory
# appointed by <tt>ActiveSupport::TestCase.fixture_path=(path)</tt> (this is automatically configured for Rails, so you can just
# put your files in <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/<your-model-name>/</tt> --
# like <tt><your-rails-app>/test/fixtures/web_sites/</tt> for the WebSite model).
#
# Each text file placed in this directory represents a "record".  Usually these types of fixtures are named without
# extensions, but if you are on a Windows machine, you might consider adding <tt>.txt</tt> as the extension.  Here's what the
# above example might look like:
#
#   web_sites/google
#   web_sites/yahoo.txt
#   web_sites/ruby-on-rails
#
# The file format of a standard fixture is simple.  Each line is a property (or column in db speak) and has the syntax
# of "name => value".  Here's an example of the ruby-on-rails fixture above:
#
#   id => 1
#   name => Ruby on Rails
#   url => http://www.rubyonrails.org
#
# = Using fixtures in testcases
#
# Since fixtures are a testing construct, we use them in our unit and functional tests.  There are two ways to use the
# fixtures, but first let's take a look at a sample unit test:
#
#   require 'test_helper'
#
#   class WebSiteTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
#     test "web_site_count" do
#       assert_equal 2, WebSite.count
#     end
#   end
#
# By default, the <tt>test_helper module</tt> will load all of your fixtures into your test database, so this test will succeed.
# The testing environment will automatically load the all fixtures into the database before each test.
# To ensure consistent data, the environment deletes the fixtures before running the load.
#
# In addition to being available in the database, the fixture's data may also be accessed by
# using a special dynamic method, which has the same name as the model, and accepts the
# name of the fixture to instantiate:
#
#   test "find" do
#     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", web_sites(:rubyonrails).name
#   end
#
# Alternatively, you may enable auto-instantiation of the fixture data. For instance, take the following tests:
#
#   test "find_alt_method_1" do
#     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", @web_sites['rubyonrails']['name']
#   end
#
#   test "find_alt_method_2" do
#     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", @rubyonrails.news
#   end
#
# In order to use these methods to access fixtured data within your testcases, you must specify one of the
# following in your <tt>ActiveSupport::TestCase</tt>-derived class:
#
# - to fully enable instantiated fixtures (enable alternate methods #1 and #2 above)
#     self.use_instantiated_fixtures = true
#
# - create only the hash for the fixtures, do not 'find' each instance (enable alternate method #1 only)
#     self.use_instantiated_fixtures = :no_instances
#
# Using either of these alternate methods incurs a performance hit, as the fixtured data must be fully
# traversed in the database to create the fixture hash and/or instance variables. This is expensive for
# large sets of fixtured data.
#
# = Dynamic fixtures with ERb
#
# Some times you don't care about the content of the fixtures as much as you care about the volume. In these cases, you can
# mix ERb in with your YAML or CSV fixtures to create a bunch of fixtures for load testing, like:
#
#   <% for i in 1..1000 %>
#   fix_<%= i %>:
#     id: <%= i %>
#     name: guy_<%= 1 %>
#   <% end %>
#
# This will create 1000 very simple YAML fixtures.
#
# Using ERb, you can also inject dynamic values into your fixtures with inserts like <tt><%= Date.today.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") %></tt>.
# This is however a feature to be used with some caution. The point of fixtures are that they're stable units of predictable
# sample data. If you feel that you need to inject dynamic values, then perhaps you should reexamine whether your application
# is properly testable. Hence, dynamic values in fixtures are to be considered a code smell.
#
# = Transactional fixtures
#
# TestCases can use begin+rollback to isolate their changes to the database instead of having to delete+insert for every test case.
#
#   class FooTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
#     self.use_transactional_fixtures = true
#
#     test "godzilla" do
#       assert !Foo.find(:all).empty?
#       Foo.destroy_all
#       assert Foo.find(:all).empty?
#     end
#
#     test "godzilla aftermath" do
#       assert !Foo.find(:all).empty?
#     end
#   end
#
# If you preload your test database with all fixture data (probably in the Rakefile task) and use transactional fixtures,
# then you may omit all fixtures declarations in your test cases since all the data's already there and every case rolls back its changes.
#
# In order to use instantiated fixtures with preloaded data, set +self.pre_loaded_fixtures+ to true. This will provide
# access to fixture data for every table that has been loaded through fixtures (depending on the value of +use_instantiated_fixtures+)
#
# When *not* to use transactional fixtures:
#
# 1. You're testing whether a transaction works correctly. Nested transactions don't commit until all parent transactions commit,
#    particularly, the fixtures transaction which is begun in setup and rolled back in teardown. Thus, you won't be able to verify
#    the results of your transaction until Active Record supports nested transactions or savepoints (in progress).
# 2. Your database does not support transactions. Every Active Record database supports transactions except MySQL MyISAM.
#    Use InnoDB, MaxDB, or NDB instead.
#
# = Advanced YAML Fixtures
#
# YAML fixtures that don't specify an ID get some extra features:
#
# * Stable, autogenerated IDs
# * Label references for associations (belongs_to, has_one, has_many)
# * HABTM associations as inline lists
# * Autofilled timestamp columns
# * Fixture label interpolation
# * Support for YAML defaults
#
# == Stable, autogenerated IDs
#
# Here, have a monkey fixture:
#
#   george:
#     id: 1
#     name: George the Monkey
#
#   reginald:
#     id: 2
#     name: Reginald the Pirate
#
# Each of these fixtures has two unique identifiers: one for the database
# and one for the humans. Why don't we generate the primary key instead?
# Hashing each fixture's label yields a consistent ID:
#
#   george: # generated id: 503576764
#     name: George the Monkey
#
#   reginald: # generated id: 324201669
#     name: Reginald the Pirate
#
# Active Record looks at the fixture's model class, discovers the correct
# primary key, and generates it right before inserting the fixture
# into the database.
#
# The generated ID for a given label is constant, so we can discover
# any fixture's ID without loading anything, as long as we know the label.
#
# == Label references for associations (belongs_to, has_one, has_many)
#
# Specifying foreign keys in fixtures can be very fragile, not to
# mention difficult to read. Since Active Record can figure out the ID of
# any fixture from its label, you can specify FK's by label instead of ID.
#
# === belongs_to
#
# Let's break out some more monkeys and pirates.
#
#   ### in pirates.yml
#
#   reginald:
#     id: 1
#     name: Reginald the Pirate
#     monkey_id: 1
#
#   ### in monkeys.yml
#
#   george:
#     id: 1
#     name: George the Monkey
#     pirate_id: 1
#
# Add a few more monkeys and pirates and break this into multiple files,
# and it gets pretty hard to keep track of what's going on. Let's
# use labels instead of IDs:
#
#   ### in pirates.yml
#
#   reginald:
#     name: Reginald the Pirate
#     monkey: george
#
#   ### in monkeys.yml
#
#   george:
#     name: George the Monkey
#     pirate: reginald
#
# Pow! All is made clear. Active Record reflects on the fixture's model class,
# finds all the +belongs_to+ associations, and allows you to specify
# a target *label* for the *association* (monkey: george) rather than
# a target *id* for the *FK* (<tt>monkey_id: 1</tt>).
#
# ==== Polymorphic belongs_to
#
# Supporting polymorphic relationships is a little bit more complicated, since
# Active Record needs to know what type your association is pointing at. Something
# like this should look familiar:
#
#   ### in fruit.rb
#
#   belongs_to :eater, :polymorphic => true
#
#   ### in fruits.yml
#
#   apple:
#     id: 1
#     name: apple
#     eater_id: 1
#     eater_type: Monkey
#
# Can we do better? You bet!
#
#   apple:
#     eater: george (Monkey)
#
# Just provide the polymorphic target type and Active Record will take care of the rest.
#
# === has_and_belongs_to_many
#
# Time to give our monkey some fruit.
#
#   ### in monkeys.yml
#
#   george:
#     id: 1
#     name: George the Monkey
#     pirate_id: 1
#
#   ### in fruits.yml
#
#   apple:
#     id: 1
#     name: apple
#
#   orange:
#     id: 2
#     name: orange
#
#   grape:
#     id: 3
#     name: grape
#
#   ### in fruits_monkeys.yml
#
#   apple_george:
#     fruit_id: 1
#     monkey_id: 1
#
#   orange_george:
#     fruit_id: 2
#     monkey_id: 1
#
#   grape_george:
#     fruit_id: 3
#     monkey_id: 1
#
# Let's make the HABTM fixture go away.
#
#   ### in monkeys.yml
#
#   george:
#     name: George the Monkey
#     pirate: reginald
#     fruits: apple, orange, grape
#
#   ### in fruits.yml
#
#   apple:
#     name: apple
#
#   orange:
#     name: orange
#
#   grape:
#     name: grape
#
# Zap! No more fruits_monkeys.yml file. We've specified the list of fruits
# on George's fixture, but we could've just as easily specified a list
# of monkeys on each fruit. As with +belongs_to+, Active Record reflects on
# the fixture's model class and discovers the +has_and_belongs_to_many+
# associations.
#
# == Autofilled timestamp columns
#
# If your table/model specifies any of Active Record's
# standard timestamp columns (+created_at+, +created_on+, +updated_at+, +updated_on+),
# they will automatically be set to <tt>Time.now</tt>.
#
# If you've set specific values, they'll be left alone.
#
# == Fixture label interpolation
#
# The label of the current fixture is always available as a column value:
#
#   geeksomnia:
#     name: Geeksomnia's Account
#     subdomain: $LABEL
#
# Also, sometimes (like when porting older join table fixtures) you'll need
# to be able to get ahold of the identifier for a given label. ERB
# to the rescue:
#
#   george_reginald:
#     monkey_id: <%= Fixtures.identify(:reginald) %>
#     pirate_id: <%= Fixtures.identify(:george) %>
#
# == Support for YAML defaults
#
# You probably already know how to use YAML to set and reuse defaults in
# your <tt>database.yml</tt> file. You can use the same technique in your fixtures:
#
#   DEFAULTS: &DEFAULTS
#     created_on: <%= 3.weeks.ago.to_s(:db) %>
#
#   first:
#     name: Smurf
#     <<: *DEFAULTS
#
#   second:
#     name: Fraggle
#     <<: *DEFAULTS
#
# Any fixture labeled "DEFAULTS" is safely ignored.

class Fixtures < (RUBY_VERSION < '1.9' ? YAML::Omap : Hash)
  DEFAULT_FILTER_RE = /\.ya?ml$/

  @@all_cached_fixtures = {}

  def self.reset_cache(connection = nil)
    connection ||= ActiveRecord::Base.connection
    @@all_cached_fixtures[connection.object_id] = {}
  end

  def self.cache_for_connection(connection)
    @@all_cached_fixtures[connection.object_id] ||= {}
    @@all_cached_fixtures[connection.object_id]
  end

  def self.fixture_is_cached?(connection, table_name)
    cache_for_connection(connection)[table_name]
  end

  def self.cached_fixtures(connection, keys_to_fetch = nil)
    if keys_to_fetch
      fixtures = cache_for_connection(connection).values_at(*keys_to_fetch)
    else
      fixtures = cache_for_connection(connection).values
    end
    fixtures.size > 1 ? fixtures : fixtures.first
  end

  def self.cache_fixtures(connection, fixtures_map)
    cache_for_connection(connection).update(fixtures_map)
  end

  def self.instantiate_fixtures(object, table_name, fixtures, load_instances = true)
    object.instance_variable_set "@#{table_name.to_s.gsub('.','_')}", fixtures
    if load_instances
      ActiveRecord::Base.silence do
        fixtures.each do |name, fixture|
          begin
            object.instance_variable_set "@#{name}", fixture.find
          rescue FixtureClassNotFound
            nil
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end

  def self.instantiate_all_loaded_fixtures(object, load_instances = true)
    all_loaded_fixtures.each do |table_name, fixtures|
      Fixtures.instantiate_fixtures(object, table_name, fixtures, load_instances)
    end
  end

  cattr_accessor :all_loaded_fixtures
  self.all_loaded_fixtures = {}

  def self.create_fixtures(fixtures_directory, table_names, class_names = {})
    table_names = [table_names].flatten.map { |n| n.to_s }
    connection  = block_given? ? yield : ActiveRecord::Base.connection

    table_names_to_fetch = table_names.reject { |table_name| fixture_is_cached?(connection, table_name) }

    unless table_names_to_fetch.empty?
      ActiveRecord::Base.silence do
        connection.disable_referential_integrity do
          fixtures_map = {}

          fixtures = table_names_to_fetch.map do |table_name|
            fixtures_map[table_name] = Fixtures.new(connection, File.split(table_name.to_s).last, class_names[table_name.to_sym], File.join(fixtures_directory, table_name.to_s))
          end

          all_loaded_fixtures.update(fixtures_map)

          connection.transaction(:requires_new => true) do
            fixtures.reverse.each { |fixture| fixture.delete_existing_fixtures }
            fixtures.each { |fixture| fixture.insert_fixtures }

            # Cap primary key sequences to max(pk).
            if connection.respond_to?(:reset_pk_sequence!)
              table_names.each do |table_name|
                connection.reset_pk_sequence!(table_name)
              end
            end
          end

          cache_fixtures(connection, fixtures_map)
        end
      end
    end
    cached_fixtures(connection, table_names)
  end

  # Returns a consistent identifier for +label+. This will always
  # be a positive integer, and will always be the same for a given
  # label, assuming the same OS, platform, and version of Ruby.
  def self.identify(label)
    label.to_s.hash.abs
  end

  attr_reader :table_name, :name

  def initialize(connection, table_name, class_name, fixture_path, file_filter = DEFAULT_FILTER_RE)
    @connection, @table_name, @fixture_path, @file_filter = connection, table_name, fixture_path, file_filter
    @name = table_name # preserve fixture base name
    @class_name = class_name ||
                  (ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names ? @table_name.singularize.camelize : @table_name.camelize)
    @table_name = "#{ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix}#{@table_name}#{ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_suffix}"
    @table_name = class_name.table_name if class_name.respond_to?(:table_name)
    @connection = class_name.connection if class_name.respond_to?(:connection)
    read_fixture_files
  end

  def delete_existing_fixtures
    @connection.delete "DELETE FROM #{@connection.quote_table_name(table_name)}", 'Fixture Delete'
  end

  def insert_fixtures
    now = ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone == :utc ? Time.now.utc : Time.now
    now = now.to_s(:db)

    # allow a standard key to be used for doing defaults in YAML
    if is_a?(Hash)
      delete('DEFAULTS')
    else
      delete(assoc('DEFAULTS'))
    end

    # track any join tables we need to insert later
    habtm_fixtures = Hash.new do |h, habtm|
      h[habtm] = HabtmFixtures.new(@connection, habtm.options[:join_table], nil, nil)
    end

    each do |label, fixture|
      row = fixture.to_hash

      if model_class && model_class < ActiveRecord::Base
        # fill in timestamp columns if they aren't specified and the model is set to record_timestamps
        if model_class.record_timestamps
          timestamp_column_names.each do |name|
            row[name] = now unless row.key?(name)
          end
        end

        # interpolate the fixture label
        row.each do |key, value|
          row[key] = label if value == "$LABEL"
        end

        # generate a primary key if necessary
        if has_primary_key_column? && !row.include?(primary_key_name)
          row[primary_key_name] = Fixtures.identify(label)
        end

        # If STI is used, find the correct subclass for association reflection
        reflection_class =
          if row.include?(inheritance_column_name)
            row[inheritance_column_name].constantize rescue model_class
          else
            model_class
          end

        reflection_class.reflect_on_all_associations.each do |association|
          case association.macro
          when :belongs_to
            # Do not replace association name with association foreign key if they are named the same
            fk_name = (association.options[:foreign_key] || "#{association.name}_id").to_s

            if association.name.to_s != fk_name && value = row.delete(association.name.to_s)
              if association.options[:polymorphic]
                if value.sub!(/\s*\(([^\)]*)\)\s*$/, "")
                  target_type = $1
                  target_type_name = (association.options[:foreign_type] || "#{association.name}_type").to_s

                  # support polymorphic belongs_to as "label (Type)"
                  row[target_type_name] = target_type
                end
              end

              row[fk_name] = Fixtures.identify(value)
            end
          when :has_and_belongs_to_many
            if (targets = row.delete(association.name.to_s))
              targets = targets.is_a?(Array) ? targets : targets.split(/\s*,\s*/)
              join_fixtures = habtm_fixtures[association]

              targets.each do |target|
                join_fixtures["#{label}_#{target}"] = Fixture.new(
                  { association.primary_key_name => row[primary_key_name],
                    association.association_foreign_key => Fixtures.identify(target) }, nil)
              end
            end
          end
        end
      end

      @connection.insert_fixture(fixture, @table_name)
    end

    # insert any HABTM join tables we discovered
    habtm_fixtures.values.each do |fixture|
      fixture.delete_existing_fixtures
      fixture.insert_fixtures
    end
  end

  private
    class HabtmFixtures < ::Fixtures #:nodoc:
      def read_fixture_files; end
    end

    def model_class
      unless defined?(@model_class)
        @model_class =
          if @class_name.nil? || @class_name.is_a?(Class)
            @class_name
          else
            @class_name.constantize rescue nil
          end
      end

      @model_class
    end

    def primary_key_name
      @primary_key_name ||= model_class && model_class.primary_key
    end

    def has_primary_key_column?
      @has_primary_key_column ||= model_class && primary_key_name &&
        model_class.columns.find { |c| c.name == primary_key_name }
    end

    def timestamp_column_names
      @timestamp_column_names ||= %w(created_at created_on updated_at updated_on).select do |name|
        column_names.include?(name)
      end
    end

    def inheritance_column_name
      @inheritance_column_name ||= model_class && model_class.inheritance_column
    end

    def column_names
      @column_names ||= @connection.columns(@table_name).collect(&:name)
    end

    def read_fixture_files
      if File.file?(yaml_file_path)
        read_yaml_fixture_files
      elsif File.file?(csv_file_path)
        read_csv_fixture_files
      end
    end

    def read_yaml_fixture_files
      yaml_string = ""
      Dir["#{@fixture_path}/**/*.yml"].select { |f| test(?f, f) }.each do |subfixture_path|
        yaml_string << IO.read(subfixture_path)
      end
      yaml_string << IO.read(yaml_file_path)

      if yaml = parse_yaml_string(yaml_string)
        # If the file is an ordered map, extract its children.
        yaml_value =
          if yaml.respond_to?(:type_id) && yaml.respond_to?(:value)
            yaml.value
          else
            [yaml]
          end

        yaml_value.each do |fixture|
          raise Fixture::FormatError, "Bad data for #{@class_name} fixture named #{fixture}" unless fixture.respond_to?(:each)
	  fixture.each do |name, data|
            unless data
              raise Fixture::FormatError, "Bad data for #{@class_name} fixture named #{name} (nil)"
            end

            self[name] = Fixture.new(data, model_class)
          end
        end
      end
    end

    def read_csv_fixture_files
      reader = CSV.parse(erb_render(IO.read(csv_file_path)))
      header = reader.shift
      i = 0
      reader.each do |row|
        data = {}
        row.each_with_index { |cell, j| data[header[j].to_s.strip] = cell.to_s.strip }
        self["#{@class_name.to_s.underscore}_#{i+=1}"] = Fixture.new(data, model_class)
      end
    end

    def yaml_file_path
      "#{@fixture_path}.yml"
    end

    def csv_file_path
      @fixture_path + ".csv"
    end

    def yaml_fixtures_key(path)
      File.basename(@fixture_path).split(".").first
    end

    def parse_yaml_string(fixture_content)
      YAML::load(erb_render(fixture_content))
    rescue => error
      raise Fixture::FormatError, "a YAML error occurred parsing #{yaml_file_path}. Please note that YAML must be consistently indented using spaces. Tabs are not allowed. Please have a look at http://www.yaml.org/faq.html\nThe exact error was:\n  #{error.class}: #{error}"
    end

    def erb_render(fixture_content)
      ERB.new(fixture_content).result
    end
end

class Fixture #:nodoc:
  include Enumerable

  class FixtureError < StandardError #:nodoc:
  end

  class FormatError < FixtureError #:nodoc:
  end

  attr_reader :model_class

  def initialize(fixture, model_class)
    @fixture = fixture
    @model_class = model_class.is_a?(Class) ? model_class : model_class.constantize rescue nil
  end

  def class_name
    @model_class.name if @model_class
  end

  def each
    @fixture.each { |item| yield item }
  end

  def [](key)
    @fixture[key]
  end

  def to_hash
    @fixture
  end

  def key_list
    columns = @fixture.keys.collect{ |column_name| ActiveRecord::Base.connection.quote_column_name(column_name) }
    columns.join(", ")
  end

  def value_list
    list = @fixture.inject([]) do |fixtures, (key, value)|
      col = model_class.columns_hash[key] if model_class.respond_to?(:ancestors) && model_class.ancestors.include?(ActiveRecord::Base)
      fixtures << ActiveRecord::Base.connection.quote(value, col).gsub('[^\]\\n', "\n").gsub('[^\]\\r', "\r")
    end
    list * ', '
  end

  def find
    if model_class
      model_class.find(self[model_class.primary_key])
    else
      raise FixtureClassNotFound, "No class attached to find."
    end
  end
end

module ActiveRecord
  module TestFixtures
    extend ActiveSupport::DependencyModule

    included do
      setup :setup_fixtures
      teardown :teardown_fixtures

      superclass_delegating_accessor :fixture_path
      superclass_delegating_accessor :fixture_table_names
      superclass_delegating_accessor :fixture_class_names
      superclass_delegating_accessor :use_transactional_fixtures
      superclass_delegating_accessor :use_instantiated_fixtures   # true, false, or :no_instances
      superclass_delegating_accessor :pre_loaded_fixtures

      self.fixture_table_names = []
      self.use_transactional_fixtures = false
      self.use_instantiated_fixtures = true
      self.pre_loaded_fixtures = false

      self.fixture_class_names = {}
    end

    module ClassMethods
      def set_fixture_class(class_names = {})
        self.fixture_class_names = self.fixture_class_names.merge(class_names)
      end

      def fixtures(*table_names)
        if table_names.first == :all
          table_names = Dir["#{fixture_path}/*.yml"] + Dir["#{fixture_path}/*.csv"]
          table_names.map! { |f| File.basename(f).split('.')[0..-2].join('.') }
        else
          table_names = table_names.flatten.map { |n| n.to_s }
        end

        self.fixture_table_names |= table_names
        require_fixture_classes(table_names)
        setup_fixture_accessors(table_names)
      end

      def try_to_load_dependency(file_name)
        require_dependency file_name
      rescue LoadError => e
        # Let's hope the developer has included it himself

        # Let's warn in case this is a subdependency, otherwise
        # subdependency error messages are totally cryptic
        if ActiveRecord::Base.logger
          ActiveRecord::Base.logger.warn("Unable to load #{file_name}, underlying cause #{e.message} \n\n #{e.backtrace.join("\n")}")
        end
      end

      def require_fixture_classes(table_names = nil)
        (table_names || fixture_table_names).each do |table_name|
          file_name = table_name.to_s
          file_name = file_name.singularize if ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names
          try_to_load_dependency(file_name)
        end
      end

      def setup_fixture_accessors(table_names = nil)
        table_names = [table_names] if table_names && !table_names.respond_to?(:each)
        (table_names || fixture_table_names).each do |table_name|
          table_name = table_name.to_s.tr('.', '_')

          define_method(table_name) do |*fixtures|
            force_reload = fixtures.pop if fixtures.last == true || fixtures.last == :reload

            @fixture_cache[table_name] ||= {}

            instances = fixtures.map do |fixture|
              @fixture_cache[table_name].delete(fixture) if force_reload

              if @loaded_fixtures[table_name][fixture.to_s]
                @fixture_cache[table_name][fixture] ||= @loaded_fixtures[table_name][fixture.to_s].find
              else
                raise StandardError, "No fixture with name '#{fixture}' found for table '#{table_name}'"
              end
            end

            instances.size == 1 ? instances.first : instances
          end
        end
      end

      def uses_transaction(*methods)
        @uses_transaction = [] unless defined?(@uses_transaction)
        @uses_transaction.concat methods.map(&:to_s)
      end

      def uses_transaction?(method)
        @uses_transaction = [] unless defined?(@uses_transaction)
        @uses_transaction.include?(method.to_s)
      end
    end

    def run_in_transaction?
      use_transactional_fixtures &&
        !self.class.uses_transaction?(method_name)
    end

    def setup_fixtures
      return unless defined?(ActiveRecord) && !ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.blank?

      if pre_loaded_fixtures && !use_transactional_fixtures
        raise RuntimeError, 'pre_loaded_fixtures requires use_transactional_fixtures'
      end

      @fixture_cache = {}
      @@already_loaded_fixtures ||= {}

      # Load fixtures once and begin transaction.
      if run_in_transaction?
        if @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class]
          @loaded_fixtures = @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class]
        else
          load_fixtures
          @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class] = @loaded_fixtures
        end
        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.increment_open_transactions
        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.transaction_joinable = false
        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.begin_db_transaction
      # Load fixtures for every test.
      else
        Fixtures.reset_cache
        @@already_loaded_fixtures[self.class] = nil
        load_fixtures
      end

      # Instantiate fixtures for every test if requested.
      instantiate_fixtures if use_instantiated_fixtures
    end

    def teardown_fixtures
      return unless defined?(ActiveRecord) && !ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.blank?

      unless run_in_transaction?
        Fixtures.reset_cache
      end

      # Rollback changes if a transaction is active.
      if run_in_transaction? && ActiveRecord::Base.connection.open_transactions != 0
        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.rollback_db_transaction
        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.decrement_open_transactions
      end
      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_active_connections!
    end

    private
      def load_fixtures
        @loaded_fixtures = {}
        fixtures = Fixtures.create_fixtures(fixture_path, fixture_table_names, fixture_class_names)
        unless fixtures.nil?
          if fixtures.instance_of?(Fixtures)
            @loaded_fixtures[fixtures.name] = fixtures
          else
            fixtures.each { |f| @loaded_fixtures[f.name] = f }
          end
        end
      end

      # for pre_loaded_fixtures, only require the classes once. huge speed improvement
      @@required_fixture_classes = false

      def instantiate_fixtures
        if pre_loaded_fixtures
          raise RuntimeError, 'Load fixtures before instantiating them.' if Fixtures.all_loaded_fixtures.empty?
          unless @@required_fixture_classes
            self.class.require_fixture_classes Fixtures.all_loaded_fixtures.keys
            @@required_fixture_classes = true
          end
          Fixtures.instantiate_all_loaded_fixtures(self, load_instances?)
        else
          raise RuntimeError, 'Load fixtures before instantiating them.' if @loaded_fixtures.nil?
          @loaded_fixtures.each do |table_name, fixtures|
            Fixtures.instantiate_fixtures(self, table_name, fixtures, load_instances?)
          end
        end
      end

      def load_instances?
        use_instantiated_fixtures != :no_instances
      end
  end
end