1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
|
# frozen_string_literal: true
module ActionDispatch
# This middleware is added to the stack when <tt>config.force_ssl = true</tt>, and is passed
# the options set in +config.ssl_options+. It does three jobs to enforce secure HTTP
# requests:
#
# 1. <b>TLS redirect</b>: Permanently redirects +http://+ requests to +https://+
# with the same URL host, path, etc. Enabled by default. Set +config.ssl_options+
# to modify the destination URL
# (e.g. <tt>redirect: { host: "secure.widgets.com", port: 8080 }</tt>), or set
# <tt>redirect: false</tt> to disable this feature.
#
# Requests can opt-out of redirection with +exclude+:
#
# config.ssl_options = { redirect: { exclude: -> request { request.path =~ /healthcheck/ } } }
#
# 2. <b>Secure cookies</b>: Sets the +secure+ flag on cookies to tell browsers they
# must not be sent along with +http://+ requests. Enabled by default. Set
# +config.ssl_options+ with <tt>secure_cookies: false</tt> to disable this feature.
#
# 3. <b>HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)</b>: Tells the browser to remember
# this site as TLS-only and automatically redirect non-TLS requests.
# Enabled by default. Configure +config.ssl_options+ with <tt>hsts: false</tt> to disable.
#
# Set +config.ssl_options+ with <tt>hsts: { ... }</tt> to configure HSTS:
#
# * +expires+: How long, in seconds, these settings will stick. The minimum
# required to qualify for browser preload lists is 18 weeks. Defaults to
# 180 days (recommended).
#
# * +subdomains+: Set to +true+ to tell the browser to apply these settings
# to all subdomains. This protects your cookies from interception by a
# vulnerable site on a subdomain. Defaults to +true+.
#
# * +preload+: Advertise that this site may be included in browsers'
# preloaded HSTS lists. HSTS protects your site on every visit <i>except the
# first visit</i> since it hasn't seen your HSTS header yet. To close this
# gap, browser vendors include a baked-in list of HSTS-enabled sites.
# Go to https://hstspreload.org to submit your site for inclusion.
# Defaults to +false+.
#
# To turn off HSTS, omitting the header is not enough. Browsers will remember the
# original HSTS directive until it expires. Instead, use the header to tell browsers to
# expire HSTS immediately. Setting <tt>hsts: false</tt> is a shortcut for
# <tt>hsts: { expires: 0 }</tt>.
class SSL
# :stopdoc:
# Default to 180 days, the low end for https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/
# and greater than the 18-week requirement for browser preload lists.
HSTS_EXPIRES_IN = 15552000
def self.default_hsts_options
{ expires: HSTS_EXPIRES_IN, subdomains: true, preload: false }
end
def initialize(app, redirect: {}, hsts: {}, secure_cookies: true)
@app = app
@redirect = redirect
@exclude = @redirect && @redirect[:exclude] || proc { !@redirect }
@secure_cookies = secure_cookies
@hsts_header = build_hsts_header(normalize_hsts_options(hsts))
end
def call(env)
request = Request.new env
if request.ssl?
@app.call(env).tap do |status, headers, body|
set_hsts_header! headers
flag_cookies_as_secure! headers if @secure_cookies
end
else
return redirect_to_https request unless @exclude.call(request)
@app.call(env)
end
end
private
def set_hsts_header!(headers)
headers["Strict-Transport-Security".freeze] ||= @hsts_header
end
def normalize_hsts_options(options)
case options
# Explicitly disabling HSTS clears the existing setting from browsers
# by setting expiry to 0.
when false
self.class.default_hsts_options.merge(expires: 0)
# Default to enabled, with default options.
when nil, true
self.class.default_hsts_options
else
self.class.default_hsts_options.merge(options)
end
end
# https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797#section-6.1
def build_hsts_header(hsts)
value = "max-age=#{hsts[:expires].to_i}".dup
value << "; includeSubDomains" if hsts[:subdomains]
value << "; preload" if hsts[:preload]
value
end
def flag_cookies_as_secure!(headers)
if cookies = headers["Set-Cookie".freeze]
cookies = cookies.split("\n".freeze)
headers["Set-Cookie".freeze] = cookies.map { |cookie|
if cookie !~ /;\s*secure\s*(;|$)/i
"#{cookie}; secure"
else
cookie
end
}.join("\n".freeze)
end
end
def redirect_to_https(request)
[ @redirect.fetch(:status, redirection_status(request)),
{ "Content-Type" => "text/html",
"Location" => https_location_for(request) },
@redirect.fetch(:body, []) ]
end
def redirection_status(request)
if request.get? || request.head?
301 # Issue a permanent redirect via a GET request.
else
307 # Issue a fresh request redirect to preserve the HTTP method.
end
end
def https_location_for(request)
host = @redirect[:host] || request.host
port = @redirect[:port] || request.port
location = "https://#{host}".dup
location << ":#{port}" if port != 80 && port != 443
location << request.fullpath
location
end
end
end
|
