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module ActionController
# In <b>routes.rb</b> one defines URL-to-controller mappings, but the reverse
# is also possible: an URL can be generated from one of your routing definitions.
# URL generation functionality is centralized in this module.
#
# See ActionController::Routing and ActionController::Resources for general
# information about routing and routes.rb.
#
# <b>Tip:</b> If you need to generate URLs from your models or some other place,
# then ActionController::UrlWriter is what you're looking for. Read on for
# an introduction.
#
# == URL generation from parameters
#
# As you may know, some functions - such as ActionController::Base#url_for
# and ActionView::Helpers::UrlHelper#link_to, can generate URLs given a set
# of parameters. For example, you've probably had the chance to write code
# like this in one of your views:
#
# <%= link_to('Click here', :controller => 'users',
# :action => 'new', :message => 'Welcome!') %>
#
# #=> Generates a link to: /users/new?message=Welcome%21
#
# link_to, and all other functions that require URL generation functionality,
# actually use ActionController::UrlWriter under the hood. And in particular,
# they use the ActionController::UrlWriter#url_for method. One can generate
# the same path as the above example by using the following code:
#
# include UrlWriter
# url_for(:controller => 'users',
# :action => 'new',
# :message => 'Welcome!',
# :only_path => true)
# # => "/users/new?message=Welcome%21"
#
# Notice the <tt>:only_path => true</tt> part. This is because UrlWriter has no
# information about the website hostname that your Rails app is serving. So if you
# want to include the hostname as well, then you must also pass the <tt>:host</tt>
# argument:
#
# include UrlWriter
# url_for(:controller => 'users',
# :action => 'new',
# :message => 'Welcome!',
# :host => 'www.example.com') # Changed this.
# # => "http://www.example.com/users/new?message=Welcome%21"
#
# By default, all controllers and views have access to a special version of url_for,
# that already knows what the current hostname is. So if you use url_for in your
# controllers or your views, then you don't need to explicitly pass the <tt>:host</tt>
# argument.
#
# For convenience reasons, mailers provide a shortcut for ActionController::UrlWriter#url_for.
# So within mailers, you only have to type 'url_for' instead of 'ActionController::UrlWriter#url_for'
# in full. However, mailers don't have hostname information, and what's why you'll still
# have to specify the <tt>:host</tt> argument when generating URLs in mailers.
#
#
# == URL generation for named routes
#
# UrlWriter also allows one to access methods that have been auto-generated from
# named routes. For example, suppose that you have a 'users' resource in your
# <b>routes.rb</b>:
#
# map.resources :users
#
# This generates, among other things, the method <tt>users_path</tt>. By default,
# this method is accessible from your controllers, views and mailers. If you need
# to access this auto-generated method from other places (such as a model), then
# you can do that by including ActionController::UrlWriter in your class:
#
# class User < ActiveRecord::Base
# include ActionController::UrlWriter
#
# def base_uri
# user_path(self)
# end
# end
#
# User.find(1).base_uri # => "/users/1"
module UrlWriter
def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
ActionController::Routing::Routes.install_helpers(base)
base.mattr_accessor :default_url_options
# The default options for urls written by this writer. Typically a <tt>:host</tt> pair is provided.
base.default_url_options ||= {}
end
# Generate a url based on the options provided, default_url_options and the
# routes defined in routes.rb. The following options are supported:
#
# * <tt>:only_path</tt> - If true, the relative url is returned. Defaults to +false+.
# * <tt>:protocol</tt> - The protocol to connect to. Defaults to 'http'.
# * <tt>:host</tt> - Specifies the host the link should be targeted at.
# If <tt>:only_path</tt> is false, this option must be
# provided either explicitly, or via +default_url_options+.
# * <tt>:port</tt> - Optionally specify the port to connect to.
# * <tt>:anchor</tt> - An anchor name to be appended to the path.
# * <tt>:skip_relative_url_root</tt> - If true, the url is not constructed using the
# +relative_url_root+ set in ActionController::Base.relative_url_root.
# * <tt>:trailing_slash</tt> - If true, adds a trailing slash, as in "/archive/2009/"
#
# Any other key (<tt>:controller</tt>, <tt>:action</tt>, etc.) given to
# +url_for+ is forwarded to the Routes module.
#
# Examples:
#
# url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :host=>'somehost.org', :port=>'8080' # => 'http://somehost.org:8080/tasks/testing'
# url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :host=>'somehost.org', :anchor => 'ok', :only_path => true # => '/tasks/testing#ok'
# url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :trailing_slash=>true # => 'http://somehost.org/tasks/testing/'
# url_for :controller => 'tasks', :action => 'testing', :host=>'somehost.org', :number => '33' # => 'http://somehost.org/tasks/testing?number=33'
def url_for(options)
options = self.class.default_url_options.merge(options)
url = ''
unless options.delete(:only_path)
url << (options.delete(:protocol) || 'http')
url << '://' unless url.match("://")
raise "Missing host to link to! Please provide :host parameter or set default_url_options[:host]" unless options[:host]
url << options.delete(:host)
url << ":#{options.delete(:port)}" if options.key?(:port)
else
# Delete the unused options to prevent their appearance in the query string.
[:protocol, :host, :port, :skip_relative_url_root].each { |k| options.delete(k) }
end
trailing_slash = options.delete(:trailing_slash) if options.key?(:trailing_slash)
url << ActionController::Base.relative_url_root.to_s unless options[:skip_relative_url_root]
anchor = "##{CGI.escape options.delete(:anchor).to_param.to_s}" if options[:anchor]
generated = Routing::Routes.generate(options, {})
url << (trailing_slash ? generated.sub(/\?|\z/) { "/" + $& } : generated)
url << anchor if anchor
url
end
end
# Rewrites URLs for Base.redirect_to and Base.url_for in the controller.
class UrlRewriter #:nodoc:
RESERVED_OPTIONS = [:anchor, :params, :only_path, :host, :protocol, :port, :trailing_slash, :skip_relative_url_root]
def initialize(request, parameters)
@request, @parameters = request, parameters
end
def rewrite(options = {})
rewrite_url(options)
end
def to_str
"#{@request.protocol}, #{@request.host_with_port}, #{@request.path}, #{@parameters[:controller]}, #{@parameters[:action]}, #{@request.parameters.inspect}"
end
alias_method :to_s, :to_str
private
# Given a path and options, returns a rewritten URL string
def rewrite_url(options)
rewritten_url = ""
unless options[:only_path]
rewritten_url << (options[:protocol] || @request.protocol)
rewritten_url << "://" unless rewritten_url.match("://")
rewritten_url << rewrite_authentication(options)
rewritten_url << (options[:host] || @request.host_with_port)
rewritten_url << ":#{options.delete(:port)}" if options.key?(:port)
end
path = rewrite_path(options)
rewritten_url << ActionController::Base.relative_url_root.to_s unless options[:skip_relative_url_root]
rewritten_url << (options[:trailing_slash] ? path.sub(/\?|\z/) { "/" + $& } : path)
rewritten_url << "##{CGI.escape(options[:anchor].to_param.to_s)}" if options[:anchor]
rewritten_url
end
# Given a Hash of options, generates a route
def rewrite_path(options)
options = options.symbolize_keys
options.update(options[:params].symbolize_keys) if options[:params]
if (overwrite = options.delete(:overwrite_params))
options.update(@parameters.symbolize_keys)
options.update(overwrite.symbolize_keys)
end
RESERVED_OPTIONS.each { |k| options.delete(k) }
# Generates the query string, too
Routing::Routes.generate(options, @request.symbolized_path_parameters)
end
def rewrite_authentication(options)
if options[:user] && options[:password]
"#{CGI.escape(options.delete(:user))}:#{CGI.escape(options.delete(:password))}@"
else
""
end
end
end
end
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