aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing.rb
blob: 8846dcc504c78c10416f3313a9e7285d8a43e6df (plain) (blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
require 'cgi'
require 'uri'
require 'action_controller/polymorphic_routes'
require 'action_controller/routing/optimisations'
require 'action_controller/routing/routing_ext'
require 'action_controller/routing/route'
require 'action_controller/routing/segments'
require 'action_controller/routing/builder'
require 'action_controller/routing/route_set'
require 'action_controller/routing/recognition_optimisation'

module ActionController
  # == Routing
  #
  # The routing module provides URL rewriting in native Ruby. It's a way to
  # redirect incoming requests to controllers and actions. This replaces
  # mod_rewrite rules. Best of all, Rails' Routing works with any web server.
  # Routes are defined in <tt>config/routes.rb</tt>.
  #
  # Consider the following route, installed by Rails when you generate your
  # application:
  #
  #   map.connect ':controller/:action/:id'
  #
  # This route states that it expects requests to consist of a
  # <tt>:controller</tt> followed by an <tt>:action</tt> that in turn is fed
  # some <tt>:id</tt>.
  #
  # Suppose you get an incoming request for <tt>/blog/edit/22</tt>, you'll end up
  # with:
  #
  #   params = { :controller => 'blog',
  #              :action     => 'edit',
  #              :id         => '22'
  #           }
  #
  # Think of creating routes as drawing a map for your requests. The map tells
  # them where to go based on some predefined pattern:
  #
  #   ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|
  #     Pattern 1 tells some request to go to one place
  #     Pattern 2 tell them to go to another
  #     ...
  #   end
  #
  # The following symbols are special:
  #
  #   :controller maps to your controller name
  #   :action     maps to an action with your controllers
  #
  # Other names simply map to a parameter as in the case of <tt>:id</tt>.
  #
  # == Route priority
  #
  # Not all routes are created equally. Routes have priority defined by the
  # order of appearance of the routes in the <tt>config/routes.rb</tt> file. The priority goes
  # from top to bottom. The last route in that file is at the lowest priority
  # and will be applied last. If no route matches, 404 is returned.
  #
  # Within blocks, the empty pattern is at the highest priority.
  # In practice this works out nicely:
  #
  #   ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|
  #     map.with_options :controller => 'blog' do |blog|
  #       blog.show '',  :action => 'list'
  #     end
  #     map.connect ':controller/:action/:view'
  #   end
  #
  # In this case, invoking blog controller (with an URL like '/blog/')
  # without parameters will activate the 'list' action by default.
  #
  # == Defaults routes and default parameters
  #
  # Setting a default route is straightforward in Rails - you simply append a
  # Hash at the end of your mapping to set any default parameters.
  #
  # Example:
  #
  #   ActionController::Routing:Routes.draw do |map|
  #     map.connect ':controller/:action/:id', :controller => 'blog'
  #   end
  #
  # This sets up +blog+ as the default controller if no other is specified.
  # This means visiting '/' would invoke the blog controller.
  #
  # More formally, you can define defaults in a route with the <tt>:defaults</tt> key.
  #
  #   map.connect ':controller/:action/:id', :action => 'show', :defaults => { :page => 'Dashboard' }
  #
  # == Named routes
  #
  # Routes can be named with the syntax <tt>map.name_of_route options</tt>,
  # allowing for easy reference within your source as +name_of_route_url+
  # for the full URL and +name_of_route_path+ for the URI path.
  #
  # Example:
  #
  #   # In routes.rb
  #   map.login 'login', :controller => 'accounts', :action => 'login'
  #
  #   # With render, redirect_to, tests, etc.
  #   redirect_to login_url
  #
  # Arguments can be passed as well.
  #
  #   redirect_to show_item_path(:id => 25)
  #
  # Use <tt>map.root</tt> as a shorthand to name a route for the root path "".
  #
  #   # In routes.rb
  #   map.root :controller => 'blogs'
  #
  #   # would recognize http://www.example.com/ as
  #   params = { :controller => 'blogs', :action => 'index' }
  #
  #   # and provide these named routes
  #   root_url   # => 'http://www.example.com/'
  #   root_path  # => ''
  #
  # You can also specify an already-defined named route in your <tt>map.root</tt> call:
  #
  #   # In routes.rb
  #   map.new_session :controller => 'sessions', :action => 'new'
  #   map.root :new_session
  #
  # Note: when using +with_options+, the route is simply named after the
  # method you call on the block parameter rather than map.
  #
  #   # In routes.rb
  #   map.with_options :controller => 'blog' do |blog|
  #     blog.show    '',            :action  => 'list'
  #     blog.delete  'delete/:id',  :action  => 'delete',
  #     blog.edit    'edit/:id',    :action  => 'edit'
  #   end
  #
  #   # provides named routes for show, delete, and edit
  #   link_to @article.title, show_path(:id => @article.id)
  #
  # == Pretty URLs
  #
  # Routes can generate pretty URLs. For example:
  #
  #   map.connect 'articles/:year/:month/:day',
  #               :controller => 'articles',
  #               :action     => 'find_by_date',
  #               :year       => /\d{4}/,
  #               :month      => /\d{1,2}/,
  #               :day        => /\d{1,2}/
  #
  # Using the route above, the URL "http://localhost:3000/articles/2005/11/06"
  # maps to
  #
  #   params = {:year => '2005', :month => '11', :day => '06'}
  #
  # == Regular Expressions and parameters
  # You can specify a regular expression to define a format for a parameter.
  #
  #   map.geocode 'geocode/:postalcode', :controller => 'geocode',
  #               :action => 'show', :postalcode => /\d{5}(-\d{4})?/
  #
  # or, more formally:
  #
  #   map.geocode 'geocode/:postalcode', :controller => 'geocode',
  #               :action => 'show', :requirements => { :postalcode => /\d{5}(-\d{4})?/ }
  #
  # Formats can include the 'ignorecase' and 'extended syntax' regular
  # expression modifiers:
  #
  #   map.geocode 'geocode/:postalcode', :controller => 'geocode',
  #               :action => 'show', :postalcode => /hx\d\d\s\d[a-z]{2}/i
  #
  #   map.geocode 'geocode/:postalcode', :controller => 'geocode',
  #               :action => 'show',:requirements => {
  #                 :postalcode => /# Postcode format
  #                                 \d{5} #Prefix
  #                                 (-\d{4})? #Suffix
  #                                 /x
  #               }
  #
  # Using the multiline match modifier will raise an ArgumentError.
  # Encoding regular expression modifiers are silently ignored. The
  # match will always use the default encoding or ASCII.
  #
  # == Route globbing
  #
  # Specifying <tt>*[string]</tt> as part of a rule like:
  #
  #   map.connect '*path' , :controller => 'blog' , :action => 'unrecognized?'
  #
  # will glob all remaining parts of the route that were not recognized earlier. This idiom
  # must appear at the end of the path. The globbed values are in <tt>params[:path]</tt> in
  # this case.
  #
  # == Route conditions
  #
  # With conditions you can define restrictions on routes. Currently the only valid condition is <tt>:method</tt>.
  #
  # * <tt>:method</tt> - Allows you to specify which method can access the route. Possible values are <tt>:post</tt>,
  #   <tt>:get</tt>, <tt>:put</tt>, <tt>:delete</tt> and <tt>:any</tt>. The default value is <tt>:any</tt>, 
  #   <tt>:any</tt> means that any method can access the route.
  #
  # Example:
  #
  #   map.connect 'post/:id', :controller => 'posts', :action => 'show',
  #               :conditions => { :method => :get }
  #   map.connect 'post/:id', :controller => 'posts', :action => 'create_comment',
  #               :conditions => { :method => :post }
  #
  # Now, if you POST to <tt>/posts/:id</tt>, it will route to the <tt>create_comment</tt> action. A GET on the same
  # URL will route to the <tt>show</tt> action.
  # 
  # == Reloading routes
  #
  # You can reload routes if you feel you must:
  #
  #   ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload
  #
  # This will clear all named routes and reload routes.rb if the file has been modified from
  # last load. To absolutely force reloading, use <tt>reload!</tt>.
  #
  # == Testing Routes
  #
  # The two main methods for testing your routes:
  #
  # === +assert_routing+
  #
  #   def test_movie_route_properly_splits
  #    opts = {:controller => "plugin", :action => "checkout", :id => "2"}
  #    assert_routing "plugin/checkout/2", opts
  #   end
  #
  # +assert_routing+ lets you test whether or not the route properly resolves into options.
  #
  # === +assert_recognizes+
  #
  #   def test_route_has_options
  #    opts = {:controller => "plugin", :action => "show", :id => "12"}
  #    assert_recognizes opts, "/plugins/show/12"
  #   end
  #
  # Note the subtle difference between the two: +assert_routing+ tests that
  # a URL fits options while +assert_recognizes+ tests that a URL
  # breaks into parameters properly.
  #
  # In tests you can simply pass the URL or named route to +get+ or +post+.
  #
  #   def send_to_jail
  #     get '/jail'
  #     assert_response :success
  #     assert_template "jail/front"
  #   end
  #
  #   def goes_to_login
  #     get login_url
  #     #...
  #   end
  #
  # == View a list of all your routes
  #
  # Run <tt>rake routes</tt>.
  #
  module Routing
    SEPARATORS = %w( / . ? )

    HTTP_METHODS = [:get, :head, :post, :put, :delete]

    ALLOWED_REQUIREMENTS_FOR_OPTIMISATION = [:controller, :action].to_set

    # The root paths which may contain controller files
    mattr_accessor :controller_paths
    self.controller_paths = []

    # A helper module to hold URL related helpers.
    module Helpers
      include PolymorphicRoutes
    end

    class << self
	  # Expects an array of controller names as the first argument.  
	  # Executes the passed block with only the named controllers named available.
	  # This method is used in internal Rails testing.
      def with_controllers(names)
        prior_controllers = @possible_controllers
        use_controllers! names
        yield
      ensure
        use_controllers! prior_controllers
      end

	  # Returns an array of paths, cleaned of double-slashes and relative path references.
	  # * "\\\" and "//"  become "\\" or "/". 
	  # * "/foo/bar/../config" becomes "/foo/config".
	  # The returned array is sorted by length, descending.
      def normalize_paths(paths)
        # do the hokey-pokey of path normalization...
        paths = paths.collect do |path|
          path = path.
            gsub("//", "/").           # replace double / chars with a single
            gsub("\\\\", "\\").        # replace double \ chars with a single
            gsub(%r{(.)[\\/]$}, '\1')  # drop final / or \ if path ends with it

          # eliminate .. paths where possible
          re = %r{[^/\\]+[/\\]\.\.[/\\]}
          path.gsub!(re, "") while path.match(re)
          path
        end

        # start with longest path, first
        paths = paths.uniq.sort_by { |path| - path.length }
      end

	  # Returns the array of controller names currently available to ActionController::Routing.
      def possible_controllers
        unless @possible_controllers
          @possible_controllers = []

          paths = controller_paths.select { |path| File.directory?(path) && path != "." }

          seen_paths = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = true; false}
          normalize_paths(paths).each do |load_path|
            Dir["#{load_path}/**/*_controller.rb"].collect do |path|
              next if seen_paths[path.gsub(%r{^\.[/\\]}, "")]

              controller_name = path[(load_path.length + 1)..-1]

              controller_name.gsub!(/_controller\.rb\Z/, '')
              @possible_controllers << controller_name
            end
          end

          # remove duplicates
          @possible_controllers.uniq!
        end
        @possible_controllers
      end

	  # Replaces the internal list of controllers available to ActionController::Routing with the passed argument.
	  #   ActionController::Routing.use_controllers!([ "posts", "comments", "admin/comments" ])
      def use_controllers!(controller_names)
        @possible_controllers = controller_names
      end

	  # Returns a controller path for a new +controller+ based on a +previous+ controller path.
	  # Handles 4 scenarios:
	  #
	  # * stay in the previous controller:
	  #     controller_relative_to( nil, "groups/discussion" ) # => "groups/discussion"
	  #
	  # * stay in the previous namespace:
	  #     controller_relative_to( "posts", "groups/discussion" ) # => "groups/posts"
	  #
	  # * forced move to the root namespace:
	  #     controller_relative_to( "/posts", "groups/discussion" ) # => "posts"
	  #
	  # * previous namespace is root:
	  #     controller_relative_to( "posts", "anything_with_no_slashes" ) # =>"posts"
	  #
	  
      def controller_relative_to(controller, previous)
        if controller.nil?           then previous
        elsif controller[0] == ?/    then controller[1..-1]
        elsif %r{^(.*)/} =~ previous then "#{$1}/#{controller}"
        else controller
        end
      end
    end
    

    Routes = RouteSet.new

    ActiveSupport::Inflector.module_eval do
	  # Ensures that routes are reloaded when Rails inflections are updated.
      def inflections_with_route_reloading(&block)
        returning(inflections_without_route_reloading(&block)) {
          ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload! if block_given?
        }
      end

      alias_method_chain :inflections, :route_reloading
    end
  end
end