| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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Deduplicate various Active Record schema cache structures
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Real world database schemas contain a lot of duplicated data.
Some column names like `id`, `created_at` etc can easily be repeated
hundreds of times. Same for SqlTypeMetada, most database will contain
only a limited number of possible combinations.
This result in a lot of wasted memory.
The idea here is to make these data sctructures immutable, use a registry
to substitute similar instances with pre-existing ones.
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When SQLite connects it will silently create a database if the database does not
exist. This behaviour causes different issues because of inconsistent behaviour
between adapters: #36383, #32914. This commit adds a `database_exists?` method
as a way to check the database without creating it. This is a stepping stone to
fully resolving the above issues.
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Otherwise `Model.table_exists?` returns the staled cache result.
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If an sqlite3 table contains a decimal column behind columns with a collation
definition, then parsing the collation of all preceeding columns will fail --
the collation will be missed without notice.
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Almost all database statements methods except `explain` was moved into
`DatabaseStatements` at #35922. This moves the last one method.
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Since d1a74c1e012ed96f7179e53b9190b7da0a369e11, Active Record requires
SQLite version 3.8.0 or greater, so savepoints and partial indexes are
always available.
That commit also added a runtime version check, so we can remove the
minimum version requirement from the internal adapter documentation.
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Sqlite3::DatabaseStatements and make those that are private in Abstract::DatabaseStatements private for sqlite3
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regression for fixture loading
d8d6bd5 makes fixture loading to bulk statements by using
`execute_batch` for sqlite3 adapter. But `execute_batch` is slower and
it caused the performance regression for fixture loading.
In sqlite3 1.4.0, it have new batch method `execute_batch2`. I've
confirmed `execute_batch2` is extremely faster than `execute_batch`.
So I think it is worth to upgrade sqlite3 to 1.4.0 to use that method.
Before:
```
% ARCONN=sqlite3 bundle exec ruby -w -Itest test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb -n test_eager_loading_too_may_ids
Using sqlite3
Run options: -n test_eager_loading_too_may_ids --seed 35790
# Running:
.
Finished in 202.437406s, 0.0049 runs/s, 0.0049 assertions/s.
1 runs, 1 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
ARCONN=sqlite3 bundle exec ruby -w -Itest -n test_eager_loading_too_may_ids 142.57s user 60.83s system 98% cpu 3:27.08 total
```
After:
```
% ARCONN=sqlite3 bundle exec ruby -w -Itest test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb -n test_eager_loading_too_may_ids
Using sqlite3
Run options: -n test_eager_loading_too_may_ids --seed 16649
# Running:
.
Finished in 8.471032s, 0.1180 runs/s, 0.1180 assertions/s.
1 runs, 1 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
ARCONN=sqlite3 bundle exec ruby -w -Itest -n test_eager_loading_too_may_ids 10.71s user 1.36s system 95% cpu 12.672 total
```
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* The database version will get cached in the schema cache file during the
schema cache dump. When the database version check happens, the version will
be pulled from the schema cache and thus avoid querying the database for
the version.
* If the schema cache file doesn't exist, we'll query the database for the
version and cache it on the schema cache object.
* To facilitate this change, all connection adapters now implement
#get_database_version and #database_version. #database_version returns the
value from the schema cache.
* To take advantage of the cached database version, the database version check
will now happen after the schema cache is set on the connection in the
connection pool.
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Before:
```
(16.4ms) TRUNCATE TABLE `author_addresses`
(20.5ms) TRUNCATE TABLE `authors`
(19.4ms) TRUNCATE TABLE `posts`
```
After:
```
Truncate Tables (19.5ms) TRUNCATE TABLE `author_addresses`;
TRUNCATE TABLE `authors`;
TRUNCATE TABLE `posts`
```
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This is to easier make `truncate_tables` to bulk statements.
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It is to work that on `reconnect!` after `disconnect!`
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Since #23461, all adapters supports prepared statements, so that clears
the prepared statements cache is no longer database specific.
Actually, I struggled to identify the cause of random CI failure in
#23461, that was missing `@statements.clear` in `clear_cache!`.
This extracts `clear_cache!` to ensure the common concerns in the
abstract adapter.
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Adds a method to ActiveRecord allowing records to be inserted in bulk without instantiating ActiveRecord models. This method supports options for handling uniqueness violations by skipping duplicate records or overwriting them in an UPSERT operation.
ActiveRecord already supports bulk-update and bulk-destroy actions that execute SQL UPDATE and DELETE commands directly. It also supports bulk-read actions through `pluck`. It makes sense for it also to support bulk-creation.
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* Add `ActiveRecord::Base.connection.truncate` for SQLite3 adapter.
SQLite doesn't support `TRUNCATE TABLE`, but SQLite3 adapter can support
`ActiveRecord::Base.connection.truncate` by using `DELETE FROM`.
`DELETE` without `WHERE` uses "The Truncate Optimization",
see https://www.sqlite.org/lang_delete.html.
* Add `rails db:seed:replant` that truncates database tables and loads the seeds
Closes #34765
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I implemented Foreign key create in `create_table` for SQLite3 at
#24743. This follows #24743 to implement `add_foreign_key` and
`remove_foreign_key`.
Unfortunately SQLite3 has one limitation that
`PRAGMA foreign_key_list(table-name)` doesn't have constraint name.
So we couldn't implement find/remove foreign key by name for now.
Fixes #35207.
Closes #31343.
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`ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::SQLite3Adapter#valid_alter_table_type?`
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BEGIN transaction would cause COMMIT or ROLLBACK, so unless COMMIT and
ROLLBACK aren't treated as write queries as well as BEGIN, the
`ReadOnlyError` would be raised.
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Otherwise `save` method would raise the `ReadOnlyError` against `BEGIN`
and `ROLLBACK` queries.
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Follow up #34505.
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I originally named this `StatementInvalid` because that's what we do in
GitHub, but `@tenderlove` pointed out that this means apps can't test
for or explitly rescue this error. `StatementInvalid` is pretty broad so
I've renamed this to `ReadOnlyError`.
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And hide the `READ_QUERY` internal constant.
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This PR adds the ability to prevent writes to a database even if the
database user is able to write (ie the database is a primary and not a
replica).
This is useful for a few reasons: 1) when converting your database from
a single db to a primary/replica setup - you can fix all the writes on
reads early on, 2) when we implement automatic database switching or
when an app is manually switching connections this feature can be used
to ensure reads are reading and writes are writing. We want to make sure
we raise if we ever try to write in read mode, regardless of database
type and 3) for local development if you don't want to set up multiple
databases but do want to support rw/ro queries.
This should be used in conjunction with `connected_to` in write mode.
For example:
```
ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :writing) do
Dog.connection.while_preventing_writes do
Dog.create! # will raise because we're preventing writes
end
end
ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do
Dog.connection.while_preventing_writes do
Dog.first # will not raise because we're not writing
end
end
```
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Redact SQL in errors
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Move `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` SQL to error property.
Also add bindings as an error property.
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Before:
```
LOG: execute <unnamed>: SELECT t.oid, t.typname
FROM pg_type as t
WHERE t.typname IN ('int2', 'int4', 'int8', 'oid', 'float4', 'float8', 'bool')
LOG: execute <unnamed>: SELECT t.oid, t.typname, t.typelem, t.typdelim, t.typinput, r.rngsubtype, t.typtype, t.typbasetype
FROM pg_type as t
LEFT JOIN pg_range as r ON oid = rngtypid
WHERE
t.typname IN ('int2', 'int4', 'int8', 'oid', 'float4', 'float8', 'text', 'varchar', 'char', 'name', 'bpchar', 'bool', 'bit', 'varbit', 'timestamptz', 'date', 'money', 'bytea', 'point', 'hstore', 'json', 'jsonb', 'cidr', 'inet', 'uuid', 'xml', 'tsvector', 'macaddr', 'citext', 'ltree', 'interval', 'path', 'line', 'polygon', 'circle', 'lseg', 'box', 'time', 'timestamp', 'numeric')
OR t.typtype IN ('r', 'e', 'd')
OR t.typinput::varchar = 'array_in'
OR t.typelem != 0
LOG: statement: SHOW TIME ZONE
LOG: statement: SELECT 1
LOG: execute <unnamed>: SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM pg_class c
LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
WHERE c.relkind IN ('r','v','m') -- (r)elation/table, (v)iew, (m)aterialized view
AND c.relname = 'accounts'
AND n.nspname = ANY (current_schemas(false))
```
After:
```
LOG: execute <unnamed>: SELECT t.oid, t.typname
FROM pg_type as t
WHERE t.typname IN ('int2', 'int4', 'int8', 'oid', 'float4', 'float8', 'bool')
LOG: execute <unnamed>: SELECT t.oid, t.typname, t.typelem, t.typdelim, t.typinput, r.rngsubtype, t.typtype, t.typbasetype
FROM pg_type as t
LEFT JOIN pg_range as r ON oid = rngtypid
WHERE
t.typname IN ('int2', 'int4', 'int8', 'oid', 'float4', 'float8', 'text', 'varchar', 'char', 'name', 'bpchar', 'bool', 'bit', 'varbit', 'timestamptz', 'date', 'money', 'bytea', 'point', 'hstore', 'json', 'jsonb', 'cidr', 'inet', 'uuid', 'xml', 'tsvector', 'macaddr', 'citext', 'ltree', 'interval', 'path', 'line', 'polygon', 'circle', 'lseg', 'box', 'time', 'timestamp', 'numeric')
OR t.typtype IN ('r', 'e', 'd')
OR t.typinput::varchar = 'array_in'
OR t.typelem != 0
LOG: statement: SHOW TIME ZONE
LOG: statement: SELECT 1
LOG: execute <unnamed>: SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM pg_class c
LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
WHERE c.relkind IN ('r','v','m') -- (r)elation/table, (v)iew, (m)aterialized view
AND c.relname = 'accounts'
AND n.nspname = ANY (current_schemas(false))
```
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Change `#bind_params_length` in SQLite adapter to return the default
maximum amount (999). See https://www.sqlite.org/limits.html
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I don't prefer to extract it for one adapter even though all adapters
also does.
Related to #34227.
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Since Rails 6.0 will support Ruby 2.4.1 or higher
`# frozen_string_literal: true` magic comment is enough to make string object frozen.
This magic comment is enabled by `Style/FrozenStringLiteralComment` cop.
* Exclude these files not to auto correct false positive `Regexp#freeze`
- 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router/utils.rb'
- 'activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb'
It has been fixed by https://github.com/rubocop-hq/rubocop/pull/6333
Once the newer version of RuboCop released and available at Code Climate these exclude entries should be removed.
* Replace `String#freeze` with `String#-@` manually if explicit frozen string objects are required
- 'actionpack/test/controller/test_case_test.rb'
- 'activemodel/test/cases/type/string_test.rb'
- 'activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/strip.rb'
- 'activesupport/test/core_ext/string_ext_test.rb'
- 'railties/test/generators/actions_test.rb'
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method returns an array of hashes, not a hash
e.g. Hash.try_convert(result) calls #to_hash and raises a TypeError
[Gannon McGibbon + Kevin Cheng]
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Follow up #33874.
Related #23393.
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Omit BEGIN/COMMIT statements for empty transactions
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If a transaction is opened and closed without any queries being run, we
can safely omit the `BEGIN` and `COMMIT` statements, as they only exist
to modify the connection's behaviour inside the transaction. This
removes the overhead of those statements when saving a record with no
changes, which makes workarounds like `save if changed?` unnecessary.
This implementation buffers transactions inside the transaction manager
and materializes them the next time the connection is used. For this to
work, the adapter needs to guard all connection use with a call to
`materialize_transactions`. Because of this, adapters must opt in to get
this new behaviour by implementing `supports_lazy_transactions?`.
If `raw_connection` is used to get a reference to the underlying
database connection, the behaviour is disabled and transactions are
opened eagerly, as we can't know how the connection will be used.
However when the connection is checked back into the pool, we can assume
that the application won't use the reference again and reenable lazy
transactions. This prevents a single `raw_connection` call from
disabling lazy transactions for the lifetime of the connection.
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Fixes #33520.
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Related to #33520
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Related #31201.
If creating custom primary key (like a string) in SQLite, it would also
create an internal index implicitly which named begin with "sqlite_".
It need to be hidden since the internal object names are reserved and
prohibited for public use.
See https://www.sqlite.org/fileformat2.html#intschema
Fixes #33320.
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Support readonly option in SQLite3Adapter
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Readonly sqlite database files are very useful as a data format for
storing configuration/lookup data that is too complicated for YAML
files. But since such files would typically be committed to a source
control repository, it's important to ensure that they are truly safe
from being inadvertently modified. Unfortunately using unix permissions
isn't enough, as sqlite will "helpfully" add the write bit to a database
file whenever it's written to.
sqlite3-ruby has supported a `:readonly` option since version 1.3.2 (see
https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/commit/c20c9f5dd2990042)
This simply passes that option through to the adapter if present in the
config hash. I think this is best considered an adapter-specific option
since no other supported database has an identical concept.
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Unlike other databases, changing SQLite3 table definitions need to create a temporary table.
While changing table operations, the original table needs dropped which caused
`SQLite3::ConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed` if the table is referenced by foreign keys.
This pull request disables foreign keys by `disable_referential_integrity`.
Also `disable_referential_integrity` method needs to execute `defer_foreign_keys = ON`
to defer re-enabling foreign keys until the transaction is committed.
https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_defer_foreign_keys
Fixes #31988
- This `defer_foreign_keys = ON` has been supported since SQLite 3.8.0
https://www.sqlite.org/releaselog/3_8_0.html and Rails 6 requires SQLite 3.8 #32923 now
- <Models>.reset_column_information added to address `ActiveModel::UnknownAttributeError`
```
Error:
ActiveRecord::Migration::ForeignKeyChangeColumnTest#test_change_column_of_parent_table:
ActiveModel::UnknownAttributeError: unknown attribute 'name' for ActiveRecord::Migration::ForeignKeyChangeColumnTest::Post.
```
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These OS versions have SQLite 3.8 or higher by default.
- macOS 10.10 (Yosemite) or higher
- Ubuntu 14.04 LTS or higher
Raising the minimum version of SQLite 3.8 introduces these changes:
- All of bundled adapters support `supports_multi_insert?`
- SQLite 3.8 always satisifies `supports_foreign_keys_in_create?` and `supports_partial_index?`
- sqlite adapter can support `alter_table` method for foreign key referenced tables by #32865
- Deprecated `supports_multi_insert?` method
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