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* Add `Style/EmptyLines` in `.rubocop.yml` and remove extra empty linesRyuta Kamizono2016-08-071-1/+0
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* applies remaining conventions across the projectXavier Noria2016-08-065-6/+4
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* normalizes indentation and whitespace across the projectXavier Noria2016-08-064-173/+173
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* remove redundant curlies from hash argumentsXavier Noria2016-08-061-1/+1
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* modernizes hash syntax in actionpackXavier Noria2016-08-061-1/+1
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* applies new string literal convention in actionpack/libXavier Noria2016-08-0616-53/+53
| | | | | The current code base is not uniform. After some discussion, we have chosen to go with double quotes by default.
* Merge pull request #23103 from rails/refactor-handling-of-action-defaultJeremy Daer2016-04-241-2/+7
|\ | | | | | | Refactor handling of :action default in routing
| * Refactor handling of :action default in routingAndrew White2016-02-161-2/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The longstanding convention in Rails is that if the :action parameter is missing or nil then it defaults to 'index'. Up until Rails 5.0.0.beta1 this was handled slightly differently than other routing defaults by deleting it from the route options and adding it to the recall parameters. With the recent focus of removing unnecessary duplications this has exposed a problem in this strategy - we are now mutating the request's path parameters and causing problems for later url generation. This will typically affect url_for rather a named url helper since the latter explicitly pass :controller, :action, etc. The fix is to add a default for :action in the route class if the path contains an :action segment and no default is passed. This change also revealed an issue with the parameterized part expiry in that it doesn't follow a right to left order - as soon as a dynamic segment is required then all other segments become required. Fixes #23019.
* | [ci skip] Replace usage of rake routes with rails routesAbhishek Jain2016-02-251-1/+1
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* | Add `internal` attribute to routesJon Moss2016-02-221-2/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This is meant to provide a way for Action Cable, Sprockets, and possibly other Rack applications to mark themselves as internal, and to exclude themselves from the routing inspector, and thus `rails routes` / `rake routes`. I think this is the only way to have mounted Rack apps be marked as internal, within AD/Journey. Another option would be to create an array of regexes for internal apps, and then to iterate over that everytime a request comes through. Also, I only had the first `add_route` method set `internal`'s default to false, to avoid littering it all over the codebase.
* | Remove unused Journey codeJon Moss2016-02-172-8/+0
|/ | | | | | | | | | - `VERSION` shouldn't be there anymore since Journey is technically part of Action Dispatch now (and thus Action Pack, and follows the normal Rails versioning scheme) - `backwards.rb` was only in the file tree because early in the history or Journey (back in 2011!), it was moved from under the Rack namespace, to its own namespace, Journey! This file is no longer required, and is assigning constants that are no longer needed.
* Replace x.times.map{} with Array.new(x){}Viktar Basharymau2016-01-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The former is slightly more readable, performant and has fewer method calls. ```ruby Benchmark.ips do |x| x.report('times.map') { 5.times.map{} } x.report('Array.new') { Array.new(5){} } x.compare! end __END__ Calculating ------------------------------------- times.map 21.188k i/100ms Array.new 30.449k i/100ms ------------------------------------------------- times.map 311.613k (± 3.5%) i/s - 1.568M Array.new 590.374k (± 1.2%) i/s - 2.954M Comparison: Array.new: 590373.6 i/s times.map: 311612.8 i/s - 1.89x slower ```
* Merge pull request #21849 from yui-knk/refactor_regexp_to_stringAndrew White2015-10-121-1/+1
|\ | | | | Change `Journey::Route#verb` to return string instead of regexp.
| * Change `Journey::Route#verb` to return string instead of regexp.yui-knk2015-10-031-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | By [this commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/0b476de445faf330c58255e2ec3eea0f3a7c1bfc) `Journey::Route#verb` need not to return verb as regexp. The returned value is used by inspector, so change it to be a string. Add inspect_with_multiple_verbs test case to keep the behavior of inspector correctly.
* | used predicate methods to avoid is_a? checksRonak Jangir2015-10-102-3/+5
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* File encoding is defaulted to utf-8 in Ruby >= 2.1Akira Matsuda2015-09-182-4/+0
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* Fix route creation when format is a blank stringeileencodes2015-09-021-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Commit bff61ba, while reducing allocations, caused a regression when an empty format is passed to a route. This can happen in cases where you're using an anchor tag, for example: `https://example.com/parent/575256966.#child_1032289285`. Because of this change `format` was getting sent in `parameterized_parts` when previously it was not included. This resulted in blank `format`'s being returned as `.` when if there was an extension included it would be `.extension`. Since there was no extension this caused incorrect URL's. The test shows this would result in `/posts/show/1.` instead of `/posts/show/1` which causes bad urls since the format is not present.
* set route precedence at allocation timeAaron Patterson2015-08-201-6/+4
| | | | This way we can make the Route object a read-only data structure.
* drop array allocations when building pathsAaron Patterson2015-08-181-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ```ruby require 'action_pack' require 'action_dispatch' require 'benchmark/ips' route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type}) result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do 500.times do routes.resources :foo end end sorted = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.allocated_count_table.sort_by(&:last) sorted.each do |k,v| next if v == 0 p k => v end __END__ Before: {:T_SYMBOL=>11} {:T_REGEXP=>17} {:T_STRUCT=>6500} {:T_MATCH=>12004} {:T_OBJECT=>99009} {:T_DATA=>100088} {:T_HASH=>122015} {:T_STRING=>159637} {:T_IMEMO=>363134} {:T_ARRAY=>433056} After: {:T_SYMBOL=>11} {:T_REGEXP=>17} {:T_STRUCT=>6500} {:T_MATCH=>12004} {:T_OBJECT=>91009} {:T_DATA=>100088} {:T_HASH=>114013} {:T_STRING=>159637} {:T_ARRAY=>321056} {:T_IMEMO=>351133} ```
* drop string allocations for each resourceAaron Patterson2015-08-181-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Eagerly calculate and cache the name of Symbol objects in the path AST. This drops about 26 string allocations per resource: ```ruby require 'action_pack' require 'action_dispatch' require 'benchmark/ips' route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type}) result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do 500.times do routes.resources :foo end end sorted = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.allocated_count_table.sort_by(&:last) sorted.each do |k,v| next if v == 0 p k => v end __END__ Before: {:T_SYMBOL=>11} {:T_REGEXP=>17} {:T_STRUCT=>6500} {:T_MATCH=>12004} {:T_OBJECT=>99009} {:T_DATA=>116084} {:T_HASH=>122015} {:T_STRING=>172647} {:T_IMEMO=>371132} {:T_ARRAY=>433056} After: {:T_SYMBOL=>11} {:T_REGEXP=>17} {:T_STRUCT=>6500} {:T_MATCH=>12004} {:T_OBJECT=>99009} {:T_DATA=>100088} {:T_HASH=>122015} {:T_STRING=>159637} {:T_IMEMO=>363134} {:T_ARRAY=>433056} ```
* Remove unreached default valueRafael Mendonça França2015-08-171-1/+1
| | | | verb_matcher never returns nil.
* use the strategy pattern to match request verbsAaron Patterson2015-08-171-6/+48
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Rather than building a regexp for every route, lets use the strategy pattern to select among objects that can match HTTP verbs. This commit introduces strategy objects for each verb that has a predicate method on the request object like `get?`, `post?`, etc. When we build the route object, look up the strategy for the verbs the user specified. If we can't find it, fall back on string matching. Using a strategy / null object pattern (the `All` VerbMatcher is our "null" object in this case) we can: 1) Remove conditionals 2) Drop boot time allocations 2) Drop run time allocations 3) Improve runtime performance Here is our boot time allocation benchmark: ```ruby require 'action_pack' require 'action_dispatch' route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do 500.times do routes.resources :foo end end sorted = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.allocated_count_table.sort_by(&:last) sorted.each do |k,v| next if v == 0 p k => v end __END__ Before: $ be ruby -rallocation_tracer route_test.rb {:T_SYMBOL=>11} {:T_REGEXP=>4017} {:T_STRUCT=>6500} {:T_MATCH=>12004} {:T_DATA=>84092} {:T_OBJECT=>99009} {:T_HASH=>122015} {:T_STRING=>216652} {:T_IMEMO=>355137} {:T_ARRAY=>441057} After: $ be ruby -rallocation_tracer route_test.rb {:T_SYMBOL=>11} {:T_REGEXP=>17} {:T_STRUCT=>6500} {:T_MATCH=>12004} {:T_DATA=>84092} {:T_OBJECT=>99009} {:T_HASH=>122015} {:T_STRING=>172647} {:T_IMEMO=>355136} {:T_ARRAY=>433056} ``` This benchmark adds 500 resources. Each resource has 8 routes, so it adds 4000 routes. You can see from the results that this patch eliminates 4000 Regexp allocations, ~44000 String allocations, and ~8000 Array allocations. With that, we can figure out that the previous code would allocate 1 regexp, 11 strings, and 2 arrays per route *more* than this patch in order to handle verb matching. Next lets look at runtime allocations: ```ruby require 'action_pack' require 'action_dispatch' require 'benchmark/ips' route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set routes.resources :foo route = route_set.routes.first request = ActionDispatch::Request.new("REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET") result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do 500.times do route.matches? request end end sorted = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.allocated_count_table.sort_by(&:last) sorted.each do |k,v| next if v == 0 p k => v end __END__ Before: $ be ruby -rallocation_tracer route_test.rb {:T_MATCH=>500} {:T_STRING=>501} {:T_IMEMO=>1501} After: $ be ruby -rallocation_tracer route_test.rb {:T_IMEMO=>1001} ``` This benchmark runs 500 calls against the `matches?` method on the route object. We check this method in the case that there are two methods that match the same path, but they are differentiated by the verb (or other conditionals). For example `POST /users` vs `GET /users`, same path, different action. Previously, we were using regexps to match against the verb. You can see that doing the regexp match would allocate 1 match object and 1 string object each time it was called. This patch eliminates those allocations. Next lets look at runtime performance. ```ruby require 'action_pack' require 'action_dispatch' require 'benchmark/ips' route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set routes.resources :foo route = route_set.routes.first match = ActionDispatch::Request.new("REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET") no_match = ActionDispatch::Request.new("REQUEST_METHOD" => "POST") Benchmark.ips do |x| x.report("match") do route.matches? match end x.report("no match") do route.matches? no_match end end __END__ Before: $ be ruby -rallocation_tracer runtime.rb Calculating ------------------------------------- match 17.145k i/100ms no match 24.244k i/100ms ------------------------------------------------- match 259.708k (± 4.3%) i/s - 1.303M no match 453.376k (± 5.9%) i/s - 2.279M After: $ be ruby -rallocation_tracer runtime.rb Calculating ------------------------------------- match 23.958k i/100ms no match 29.402k i/100ms ------------------------------------------------- match 465.063k (± 3.8%) i/s - 2.324M no match 691.956k (± 4.5%) i/s - 3.469M ``` This tests tries to see how many times it can match a request per second. Switching to method calls and string comparison makes the successful match case about 79% faster, and the unsuccessful case about 52% faster. That was fun!
* split the verb regex from the constraints hashAaron Patterson2015-08-171-6/+17
| | | | | | verb matching is very common (all routes besides rack app endpoints require one). We will extract verb matching for now, and use a more efficient method of matching (then regexp) later
* introduce an alternate constructor for Route objectsAaron Patterson2015-08-171-0/+4
| | | | | I want to change the real constructor to take a particular parameter for matching the request method
* drop object allocation during routes setupAaron Patterson2015-08-172-44/+89
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This commit introduces a functional Path AST visitor and implements `each` on the AST in terms of the functional visitor. The functional visitor doesn't maintain state, so we only need to allocate one of them. Given this benchmark route file: ```ruby require 'action_pack' require 'action_dispatch' route_set = ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new routes = ActionDispatch::Routing::Mapper.new route_set ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type}) result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do 500.times{|i| routes.resource :omglol } end result.find_all { |k,v| k.first =~ /git\/rails/ }.sort_by { |k,v| v.first }.each { |k,v| p k => v } ``` node.rb line 17 was in our top 3 allocation spot: ``` {["/Users/aaron/git/rails/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node.rb", 17, :T_OBJECT]=>[31526, 0, 28329, 0, 2, 1123160]} {["/Users/aaron/git/rails/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb", 2080, :T_IMEMO]=>[34002, 0, 30563, 0, 2, 1211480]} {["/Users/aaron/git/rails/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb", 2071, :T_IMEMO]=>[121934, 1, 109608, 0, 7, 4344400]} ``` This commit eliminates allocations at that place.
* avoid is_a? checksAaron Patterson2015-08-172-2/+4
| | | | add another predicate method so we can avoid is_a checks
* pull RegexpOffsets in to a methodAaron Patterson2015-08-171-27/+14
| | | | we don't really need this visitor
* `required_defaults` is always passed in, remove conditionalAaron Patterson2015-08-171-1/+1
| | | | | Routes are always constructed with a list of required_defaults, so there's no need to check whether or not it's nil
* use predicate methods to avoid is_a? checksAaron Patterson2015-08-172-1/+3
| | | | | we may want to change the name of the class at some point, so it's better to use a predicate
* default pattern to use a joined stringAaron Patterson2015-08-171-2/+2
| | | | | The string we create is almost always the same, so rather than joining all the time, lets join once, then reuse that string everywhere.
* move route allocation to a factory method on the mapping objectAaron Patterson2015-08-151-8/+1
| | | | | | I would like to change the signature of the Route constructor. Since the mapping object has all the data required to construct a Route object, move the allocation to a factory method.
* only keep one hash of named routesAaron Patterson2015-08-142-5/+2
| | | | | The outer router object already keeps a hash of named routes, so we should just use that.
* rm add_route2Aaron Patterson2015-08-141-7/+1
| | | | | refactor the tests with a backwards compatible method call so we can rm add_route2 from the journey router
* pass pass the mapping object down the add_route stackAaron Patterson2015-08-141-2/+12
| | | | | then we can let the mapping object derive stuff that the Route object needs.
* pull up path parsingAaron Patterson2015-08-141-0/+4
| | | | | `add_route` needs the AST, so rather than shove it in a hash and delete later, lets move parsing up the stack so we can pass down later
* use predicate methods instead of hard coding verb stringsAaron Patterson2015-08-141-1/+1
| | | | | also change the feeler to subclass AD::Request so that it has all the methods that Request has
* remove hard coded regular expressionAaron Patterson2015-08-142-1/+5
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* remove StrexpAaron Patterson2015-08-133-34/+11
| | | | | This was a useless object. We can just directly construct a Path::Pattern object without a Strexp object.
* pass anchor directly to `Pattern`Aaron Patterson2015-08-132-8/+7
| | | | | the caller already has it, there is no reason to pack it in to an object and just throw that object away.
* Array#any? is slower and not the inverse of Array#empty?Jean Boussier2015-07-301-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ``` empty_array = [] small_array = [1] * 30 bigger_array = [1] * 300 Benchmark.ips do |x| x.report('empty !empty?') { !empty_array.empty? } x.report('small !empty?') { !small_array.empty? } x.report('bigger !empty?') { !bigger_array.empty? } x.report('empty any?') { empty_array.any? } x.report('small any?') { small_array.any? } x.report('bigger any?') { bigger_array.any? } end ``` ``` Calculating ------------------------------------- empty !empty? 132.059k i/100ms small !empty? 133.974k i/100ms bigger !empty? 133.848k i/100ms empty any? 106.924k i/100ms small any? 85.525k i/100ms bigger any? 86.663k i/100ms ------------------------------------------------- empty !empty? 8.522M (± 7.9%) i/s - 42.391M small !empty? 8.501M (± 8.5%) i/s - 42.202M bigger !empty? 8.434M (± 8.6%) i/s - 41.894M empty any? 4.161M (± 8.3%) i/s - 20.743M small any? 2.654M (± 5.2%) i/s - 13.256M bigger any? 2.642M (± 6.4%) i/s - 13.173M ``` Ref: https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/21057#discussion_r35902468
* Use delete_if instead of each; delete(key)schneems2015-07-301-3/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | It is slightly faster: ``` Calculating ------------------------------------- each; delete 35.166k i/100ms delete_if 36.416k i/100ms ------------------------------------------------- each; delete 478.026k (± 8.5%) i/s - 2.391M delete_if 485.123k (± 7.9%) i/s - 2.440M ```
* Remove (another) array allocationschneems2015-07-301-5/+14
| | | | | | We don't always need an array when generating a url with the formatter. We can be lazy about allocating the `missing_keys` array. This saves us: 35,606 bytes and 889 objects per request
* Remove array allocationschneems2015-07-301-2/+2
| | | | | | THe only reason we were allocating an array is to get the "missing_keys" variable in scope of the error message generator. Guess what? Arrays kinda take up a lot of memory, so by replacing that with a nil, we save: 35,303 bytes and 886 objects per request
* Avoid calling to_s on nil in journey/formatterschneems2015-07-301-2/+2
| | | | | | | | When `defaults[key]` in `generate` in the journey formatter is called, it often returns a `nil` when we call `to_s` on a nil, it allocates an empty string. We can skip this check when the default value is nil. This change buys us 35,431 bytes of memory and 887 fewer objects per request. Thanks to @matthewd for help with the readability
* Speed up journey missing_keysschneems2015-07-291-3/+15
| | | | | | | | Most routes have a `route.path.requirements[key]` of `/[-_.a-zA-Z0-9]+\/[-_.a-zA-Z0-9]+/` yet every time this method is called a new regex is generated on the fly with `/\A#{DEFAULT_INPUT}\Z/`. OBJECT ALLOCATIONS BLERG! This change uses a special module that implements `===` so it can be used in a case statement to pull out the default input. When this happens, we use a pre-generated regex. This change buys us 1,643,465 bytes of memory and 7,990 fewer objects per request.
* Speed up journey extract_parameterized_partsschneems2015-07-291-2/+3
| | | | | | | | Micro optimization: `reverse.drop_while` is slower than `reverse_each.drop_while`. This doesn't save any object allocations. Second, `keys_to_keep` is typically a very small array. The operation `parameterized_parts.keys - keys_to_keep` actually allocates two arrays. It is quicker (I benchmarked) to iterate over each and check inclusion in array manually. This change buys us 1774 fewer objects per request
* Freeze string literals when not mutated.schneems2015-07-192-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | I wrote a utility that helps find areas where you could optimize your program using a frozen string instead of a string literal, it's called [let_it_go](https://github.com/schneems/let_it_go). After going through the output and adding `.freeze` I was able to eliminate the creation of 1,114 string objects on EVERY request to [codetriage](codetriage.com). How does this impact execution? To look at memory: ```ruby require 'get_process_mem' mem = GetProcessMem.new GC.start GC.disable 1_114.times { " " } before = mem.mb after = mem.mb GC.enable puts "Diff: #{after - before} mb" ``` Creating 1,114 string objects results in `Diff: 0.03125 mb` of RAM allocated on every request. Or 1mb every 32 requests. To look at raw speed: ```ruby require 'benchmark/ips' number_of_objects_reduced = 1_114 Benchmark.ips do |x| x.report("freeze") { number_of_objects_reduced.times { " ".freeze } } x.report("no-freeze") { number_of_objects_reduced.times { " " } } end ``` We get the results ``` Calculating ------------------------------------- freeze 1.428k i/100ms no-freeze 609.000 i/100ms ------------------------------------------------- freeze 14.363k (± 8.5%) i/s - 71.400k no-freeze 6.084k (± 8.1%) i/s - 30.450k ``` Now we can do some maths: ```ruby ips = 6_226k # iterations / 1 second call_time_before = 1.0 / ips # seconds per iteration ips = 15_254 # iterations / 1 second call_time_after = 1.0 / ips # seconds per iteration diff = call_time_before - call_time_after number_of_objects_reduced * diff * 100 # => 0.4530373333993266 miliseconds saved per request ``` So we're shaving off 1 second of execution time for every 220 requests. Is this going to be an insane speed boost to any Rails app: nope. Should we merge it: yep. p.s. If you know of a method call that doesn't modify a string input such as [String#gsub](https://github.com/schneems/let_it_go/blob/b0e2da69f0cca87ab581022baa43291cdf48638c/lib/let_it_go/core_ext/string.rb#L37) please [give me a pull request to the appropriate file](https://github.com/schneems/let_it_go/blob/b0e2da69f0cca87ab581022baa43291cdf48638c/lib/let_it_go/core_ext/string.rb#L37), or open an issue in LetItGo so we can track and freeze more strings. Keep those strings Frozen ![](https://www.dropbox.com/s/z4dj9fdsv213r4v/let-it-go.gif?dl=1)
* Merge pull request #19431 from hmarr/head-routingRafael Mendonça França2015-06-221-1/+2
|\ | | | | Respect routing precedence for HEAD requests
| * Respect routing precedence for HEAD requestsHarry Marr2015-03-201-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fixes the issue described in #18764 - prevents Rack middleware from swallowing up HEAD requests that should have been matched by a higher-precedence `get` route, but still allows Rack middleware to respond to HEAD requests.
* | extract required_defaults from the conditions hash before constructing the routeAaron Patterson2015-06-082-6/+5
| | | | | | | | | | this way we can remove the strange "respond_to?" conditional in the `matches?` loop
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