7 files changed, 36 insertions, 12 deletions
diff --git a/lib/arel/crud.rb b/lib/arel/crud.rb
index 6861ff016c..2bf5f85823 100644
--- a/lib/arel/crud.rb
+++ b/lib/arel/crud.rb
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ module Arel
       um = UpdateManager.new @engine
 
       if String === values
+        values = SqlLiteral.new values
         um.table @ctx.froms.last
       else
         um.table values.first.first.relation
diff --git a/lib/arel/nodes.rb b/lib/arel/nodes.rb
index 7183a60591..67568b5fd4 100644
--- a/lib/arel/nodes.rb
+++ b/lib/arel/nodes.rb
@@ -11,5 +11,7 @@ require 'arel/nodes/update_statement'
 require 'arel/nodes/delete_statement'
 require 'arel/nodes/unqualified_column'
 require 'arel/nodes/table_alias'
+require 'arel/nodes/join'
 require 'arel/nodes/inner_join'
+require 'arel/nodes/outer_join'
 require 'arel/nodes/on'
diff --git a/lib/arel/nodes/inner_join.rb b/lib/arel/nodes/inner_join.rb
index a39ded9f1c..bf10eeac18 100644
--- a/lib/arel/nodes/inner_join.rb
+++ b/lib/arel/nodes/inner_join.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,6 @@
 module Arel
   module Nodes
-    class InnerJoin
-      attr_accessor :left, :right, :constraint
-
-      def initialize left, right, constraint
-        @left       = left
-        @right      = right
-        @constraint = constraint
-      end
+    class InnerJoin < Arel::Nodes::Join
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/arel/nodes/join.rb b/lib/arel/nodes/join.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6dede632c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/arel/nodes/join.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+module Arel
+  module Nodes
+    class Join
+      attr_accessor :left, :right, :constraint
+
+      def initialize left, right, constraint
+        @left       = left
+        @right      = right
+        @constraint = constraint
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/arel/nodes/outer_join.rb b/lib/arel/nodes/outer_join.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bea5578b95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/arel/nodes/outer_join.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+module Arel
+  module Nodes
+    class OuterJoin < Arel::Nodes::Join
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/arel/select_manager.rb b/lib/arel/select_manager.rb
index 533911e635..462b0765a5 100644
--- a/lib/arel/select_manager.rb
+++ b/lib/arel/select_manager.rb
@@ -19,10 +19,6 @@ module Arel
     end
 
     def project projection
-      projection = ::String == projection.class ?
-        Nodes::SqlLiteral.new(projection) :
-        projection
-
       @ctx.projections << projection
       self
     end
@@ -40,5 +36,14 @@ module Arel
       @head.limit = limit
       self
     end
+
+    def join_sql
+      viz = Visitors::ToSql.new @engine
+      @ctx.froms.grep(Nodes::Join).map { |x| viz.accept x }.join ', '
+    end
+
+    def joins manager
+      manager.join_sql
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb b/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb
index 3b0a0dc5df..401bdb3255 100644
--- a/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb
+++ b/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ module Arel
         "#{visit o.relation} #{quote_table_name o.name}"
       end
 
+      def visit_Arel_Nodes_OuterJoin o
+        "#{visit o.left} OUTER JOIN #{visit o.right} #{visit o.constraint}"
+      end
+
       def visit_Arel_Nodes_InnerJoin o
         "#{visit o.left} INNER JOIN #{visit o.right} #{visit o.constraint}"
       end