2 files changed, 11 insertions, 11 deletions
diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md
index dfc951f10e..621d2222ff 100644
--- a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md
+++ b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md
@@ -162,8 +162,8 @@ Person.create(name: nil).valid? # => false
 ```
 
 After Active Record has performed validations, any errors found can be accessed
-through the `errors` instance method, which returns a collection of errors. By
-definition, an object is valid if this collection is empty after running
+through the `errors.messages` instance method, which returns a collection of errors.
+By definition, an object is valid if this collection is empty after running
 validations.
 
 Note that an object instantiated with `new` will not report errors even if it's
@@ -176,17 +176,17 @@ end
 
 >> p = Person.new
 #=> #<Person id: nil, name: nil>
->> p.errors
+>> p.errors.messages
 #=> {}
 
 >> p.valid?
 #=> false
->> p.errors
+>> p.errors.messages
 #=> {name:["can't be blank"]}
 
 >> p = Person.create
 #=> #<Person id: nil, name: nil>
->> p.errors
+>> p.errors.messages
 #=> {name:["can't be blank"]}
 
 >> p.save
@@ -993,12 +993,12 @@ end
 
 person = Person.new
 person.valid? # => false
-person.errors
+person.errors.messages
  # => {:name=>["can't be blank", "is too short (minimum is 3 characters)"]}
 
 person = Person.new(name: "John Doe")
 person.valid? # => true
-person.errors # => []
+person.errors.messages # => {}
 ```
 
 ### `errors[]`
diff --git a/guides/source/migrations.md b/guides/source/migrations.md
index fcfc54a3d7..550f8fdc3c 100644
--- a/guides/source/migrations.md
+++ b/guides/source/migrations.md
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@ end
 # app/models/product.rb
 
 class Product < ActiveRecord::Base
-  validates :flag, :inclusion => { :in => [true, false] }
+  validates :flag, inclusion: { in: [true, false] }
 end
 ```
 
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@ end
 # app/models/product.rb
 
 class Product < ActiveRecord::Base
-  validates :flag, :inclusion => { :in => [true, false] }
+  validates :flag, inclusion:  { in: [true, false] }
   validates :fuzz, presence: true
 end
 ```
@@ -1065,8 +1065,8 @@ with foreign key constraints in the database.
 
 Although Active Record does not provide any tools for working directly with
 such features, the `execute` method can be used to execute arbitrary SQL. You
-could also use some gem like
-[foreigner](https://github.com/matthuhiggins/foreigner) which add foreign key
+can also use a gem like
+[foreigner](https://github.com/matthuhiggins/foreigner) which adds foreign key
 support to Active Record (including support for dumping foreign keys in
 `db/schema.rb`).