4 files changed, 26 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
index 4018b3fd84..b648eed06a 100644
--- a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+*   `where.not` adds `references` for `includes` like normal `where` calls do.
+
+    Fixes #14406.
+
+    *Yves Senn*
+
 *   Extend fixture `$LABEL` replacement to allow string interpolation.
 
     Example:
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
index 8c005a7222..e41df0ea29 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/query_methods.rb
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
             Arel::Nodes::Not.new(rel)
           end
         end
+
+        @scope.references!(PredicateBuilder.references(opts)) if Hash === opts
         @scope.where_values += where_value
         @scope
       end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb
index 416a39ea4c..e59161fc5b 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/eager_test.rb
@@ -1203,4 +1203,14 @@ class EagerAssociationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
       assert_equal 5, author.posts.size
     }
   end
+
+  test "including associations with where.not adds implicit references" do
+    author = assert_queries(2) {
+      Author.includes(:posts).where.not(posts: { title: 'Welcome to the weblog'} ).last
+    }
+
+    assert_no_queries {
+      assert_equal 2, author.posts.size
+    }
+  end
 end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb
index 3b4b4c92f0..fddb7c204a 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb
@@ -1366,6 +1366,14 @@ class RelationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal ['comments'], scope.references_values
   end
 
+  def test_automatically_added_where_not_references
+    scope = Post.where.not(comments: { body: "Bla" })
+    assert_equal ['comments'], scope.references_values
+
+    scope = Post.where.not('comments.body' => 'Bla')
+    assert_equal ['comments'], scope.references_values
+  end
+
   def test_automatically_added_having_references
     scope = Post.having(:comments => { :body => "Bla" })
     assert_equal ['comments'], scope.references_values