Merge branch 'master' into active_model

Conflicts:
	activemodel/lib/active_model/core.rb
	activemodel/test/cases/state_machine/event_test.rb
	activemodel/test/cases/state_machine/state_transition_test.rb
	activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb
	activerecord/test/cases/validations/i18n_validation_test.rb
	activeresource/lib/active_resource.rb
	activeresource/test/abstract_unit.rb

22 files changed, 185 insertions, 55 deletions

diff --git a/railties/lib/commands/performance/profiler.rb b/railties/lib/commands/performance/profiler.rb
index fd111bae87..7df840f197 100644
--- a/railties/lib/commands/performance/profiler.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/commands/performance/profiler.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ begin
       printer_class = RubyProf::FlatPrinter
     end
     printer = printer_class.new(results)
-    printer.print($stderr, 0)
+    printer.print($stderr)
   rescue LoadError
     require "prof"
     $stderr.puts 'Using the old ruby-prof extension.'
diff --git a/railties/lib/commands/server.rb b/railties/lib/commands/server.rb
index ebe34a42cd..01dd33fa8c 100644
--- a/railties/lib/commands/server.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/commands/server.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-require 'active_support'
 require 'action_controller'
 
 require 'fileutils'
@@ -23,17 +22,17 @@ options = {
 
 ARGV.clone.options do |opts|
   opts.on("-p", "--port=port", Integer,
-          "Runs Rails on the specified port.", "Default: 3000") { |v| options[:Port] = v }
+          "Runs Rails on the specified port.", "Default: #{options[:Port]}") { |v| options[:Port] = v }
   opts.on("-b", "--binding=ip", String,
-          "Binds Rails to the specified ip.", "Default: 0.0.0.0") { |v| options[:Host] = v }
+          "Binds Rails to the specified ip.", "Default: #{options[:Host]}") { |v| options[:Host] = v }
   opts.on("-c", "--config=file", String,
           "Use custom rackup configuration file") { |v| options[:config] = v }
   opts.on("-d", "--daemon", "Make server run as a Daemon.") { options[:detach] = true }
   opts.on("-u", "--debugger", "Enable ruby-debugging for the server.") { options[:debugger] = true }
   opts.on("-e", "--environment=name", String,
           "Specifies the environment to run this server under (test/development/production).",
-          "Default: development") { |v| options[:environment] = v }
-  opts.on("-P", "--path=/path", String, "Runs Rails app mounted at a specific path.", "Default: /") { |v| options[:path] = v }
+          "Default: #{options[:environment]}") { |v| options[:environment] = v }
+  opts.on("-P", "--path=/path", String, "Runs Rails app mounted at a specific path.", "Default: #{options[:path]}") { |v| options[:path] = v }
 
   opts.separator ""
 
diff --git a/railties/lib/console_app.rb b/railties/lib/console_app.rb
index d7d01d703f..75e6f11ea3 100644
--- a/railties/lib/console_app.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/console_app.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+require 'active_support/all'
 require 'active_support/test_case'
 require 'action_controller'
 
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ end
 #reloads the environment
 def reload!
   puts "Reloading..."
-  Dispatcher.cleanup_application
-  Dispatcher.reload_application
+  ActionController::Dispatcher.new
+  ActionController::Dispatcher.router.reload
   true
 end
diff --git a/railties/lib/initializer.rb b/railties/lib/initializer.rb
index a03be59a2b..bbaa313fae 100644
--- a/railties/lib/initializer.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/initializer.rb
@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@ require 'pathname'
 $LOAD_PATH.unshift File.dirname(__FILE__)
 require 'railties_path'
 require 'rails/version'
-require 'rails/plugin/locator'
-require 'rails/plugin/loader'
 require 'rails/gem_dependency'
 require 'rails/rack'
 
-
 RAILS_ENV = (ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'development').dup unless defined?(RAILS_ENV)
 
 module Rails
@@ -159,6 +156,8 @@ module Rails
 
       add_support_load_paths
 
+      check_for_unbuilt_gems
+
       load_gems
       load_plugins
 
@@ -244,6 +243,7 @@ module Rails
     # Set the paths from which Rails will automatically load source files, and
     # the load_once paths.
     def set_autoload_paths
+      require 'active_support/dependencies'
       ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_paths = configuration.load_paths.uniq
       ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths = configuration.load_once_paths.uniq
 
@@ -263,6 +263,7 @@ module Rails
     # list. By default, all frameworks (Active Record, Active Support,
     # Action Pack, Action Mailer, and Active Resource) are loaded.
     def require_frameworks
+      require 'active_support/all'
       configuration.frameworks.each { |framework| require(framework.to_s) }
     rescue LoadError => e
       # Re-raise as RuntimeError because Mongrel would swallow LoadError.
@@ -289,10 +290,12 @@ module Rails
     # Adds all load paths from plugins to the global set of load paths, so that
     # code from plugins can be required (explicitly or automatically via ActiveSupport::Dependencies).
     def add_plugin_load_paths
+      require 'active_support/dependencies'
       plugin_loader.add_plugin_load_paths
     end
 
     def add_gem_load_paths
+      require 'rails/gem_dependency'
       Rails::GemDependency.add_frozen_gem_path
       unless @configuration.gems.empty?
         require "rubygems"
@@ -306,6 +309,25 @@ module Rails
       end
     end
 
+    def check_for_unbuilt_gems
+      unbuilt_gems = @configuration.gems.select {|gem| gem.frozen? && !gem.built? }
+      if unbuilt_gems.size > 0
+        # don't print if the gems:build rake tasks are being run
+        unless $gems_build_rake_task
+          abort <<-end_error
+The following gems have native components that need to be built
+  #{unbuilt_gems.map { |gem| "#{gem.name}  #{gem.requirement}" } * "\n  "}
+
+You're running:
+  ruby #{Gem.ruby_version} at #{Gem.ruby}
+  rubygems #{Gem::RubyGemsVersion} at #{Gem.path * ', '}
+
+Run `rake gems:build` to build the unbuilt gems.
+          end_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     def check_gem_dependencies
       unloaded_gems = @configuration.gems.reject { |g| g.loaded? }
       if unloaded_gems.size > 0
@@ -404,10 +426,14 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
     # should override this behaviour and set the relevant +default_charset+
     # on ActionController::Base.
     #
-    # For Ruby 1.9, this does nothing. Specify the default encoding in the Ruby
-    # shebang line if you don't want UTF-8.
+    # For Ruby 1.9, UTF-8 is the default internal and external encoding.
     def initialize_encoding
-      $KCODE='u' if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+      if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+        $KCODE='u'
+      else
+        Encoding.default_internal = Encoding::UTF_8
+        Encoding.default_external = Encoding::UTF_8
+      end
     end
 
     # This initialization routine does nothing unless <tt>:active_record</tt>
@@ -423,7 +449,8 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
 
     def initialize_database_middleware
       if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
-        if ActionController::Base.session_store == ActiveRecord::SessionStore
+        if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller) &&
+            ActionController::Base.session_store == ActiveRecord::SessionStore
           configuration.middleware.insert_before :"ActiveRecord::SessionStore", ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement
           configuration.middleware.insert_before :"ActiveRecord::SessionStore", ActiveRecord::QueryCache
         else
@@ -439,7 +466,7 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
 
         if RAILS_CACHE.respond_to?(:middleware)
           # Insert middleware to setup and teardown local cache for each request
-          configuration.middleware.insert_after(:"ActionController::Failsafe", RAILS_CACHE.middleware)
+          configuration.middleware.insert_after(:"Rack::Lock", RAILS_CACHE.middleware)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -568,7 +595,7 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
       Rails::Rack::Metal.metal_paths += plugin_loader.engine_metal_paths
 
       configuration.middleware.insert_before(
-        :"ActionDispatch::RewindableInput",
+        :"ActionDispatch::ParamsParser",
         Rails::Rack::Metal, :if => Rails::Rack::Metal.metals.any?)
     end
 
@@ -609,7 +636,6 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
       return unless configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
       require 'dispatcher' unless defined?(::Dispatcher)
       Dispatcher.define_dispatcher_callbacks(configuration.cache_classes)
-      Dispatcher.run_prepare_callbacks
     end
 
     def disable_dependency_loading
@@ -865,7 +891,7 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
 
     # Enable threaded mode. Allows concurrent requests to controller actions and
     # multiple database connections. Also disables automatic dependency loading
-    # after boot, and disables reloading code on every request, as these are 
+    # after boot, and disables reloading code on every request, as these are
     # fundamentally incompatible with thread safety.
     def threadsafe!
       self.preload_frameworks = true
@@ -1037,12 +1063,14 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
       end
 
       def default_plugin_locators
+        require 'rails/plugin/locator'
         locators = []
         locators << Plugin::GemLocator if defined? Gem
         locators << Plugin::FileSystemLocator
       end
 
       def default_plugin_loader
+        require 'rails/plugin/loader'
         Plugin::Loader
       end
 
@@ -1106,3 +1134,4 @@ class Rails::OrderedOptions < Array #:nodoc:
       return false
     end
 end
+
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb b/railties/lib/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb
index 923ed8b31d..1605429e8b 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/backtrace_cleaner.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+require 'active_support/backtrace_cleaner'
+require 'rails/gem_dependency'
+
 module Rails
   class BacktraceCleaner < ActiveSupport::BacktraceCleaner
     ERB_METHOD_SIG = /:in `_run_erb_.*/
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb b/railties/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb
index 3062a77104..ee3d0d81ba 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/gem_dependency.rb
@@ -29,6 +29,15 @@ module Rails
       end
     end
 
+    def self.from_directory_name(directory_name)
+      directory_name_parts = File.basename(directory_name).split('-')
+      name    = directory_name_parts[0..-2].join('-')
+      version = directory_name_parts.last
+      self.new(name, :version => version)
+    rescue ArgumentError => e
+      raise "Unable to determine gem name and version from '#{directory_name}'"
+    end
+
     def initialize(name, options = {})
       require 'rubygems' unless Object.const_defined?(:Gem)
 
@@ -101,8 +110,12 @@ module Rails
     end
 
     def built?
-      # TODO: If Rubygems ever gives us a way to detect this, we should use it
-      false
+      return false unless frozen?
+      specification.extensions.each do |ext|
+        makefile = File.join(unpacked_gem_directory, File.dirname(ext), 'Makefile')
+        return false unless File.exists?(makefile)
+      end
+      true
     end
 
     def framework_gem?
@@ -155,9 +168,9 @@ module Rails
       specification && File.exists?(unpacked_gem_directory)
     end
 
-    def build
+    def build(options={})
       require 'rails/gem_builder'
-      unless built?
+      if options[:force] || !built?
         return unless File.exists?(unpacked_specification_filename)
         spec = YAML::load_file(unpacked_specification_filename)
         Rails::GemBuilder.new(spec, unpacked_gem_directory).build_extensions
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb b/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
index 80deb73bbb..49ec5c7fba 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ module Rails
     def load_paths
       report_nonexistant_or_empty_plugin! unless valid?
       
-      returning [] do |load_paths|
-        load_paths << lib_path  if has_lib_directory?
-        load_paths << app_paths if has_app_directory?
-      end.flatten
+      load_paths = []
+      load_paths << lib_path  if has_lib_directory?
+      load_paths << app_paths if has_app_directory?
+      load_paths.flatten
     end
     
     # Evaluates a plugin's init.rb file.
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ module Rails
 
       def evaluate_init_rb(initializer)
         if has_init_file?
+          require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting'
           silence_warnings do
             # Allow plugins to reference the current configuration object
             config = initializer.configuration
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb b/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb
index 66e01d70da..bc22dfc591 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ module Rails
 
       # Returns the plugins that are in engine-form (have an app/ directory)
       def engines
-        @engines ||= plugins.select(&:engine?)
+        @engines ||= plugins.select {|plugin| plugin.engine? }
       end
 
       # Returns all the plugins that could be found by the current locators.
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ module Rails
       end
 
       def engine_metal_paths
-        engines.collect(&:metal_path)
+        engines.collect {|engine| engine.metal_path }
       end
 
       protected
@@ -79,18 +79,18 @@ module Rails
         end
 
         def add_engine_routing_configurations
-          engines.select(&:routed?).collect(&:routing_file).each do |routing_file|
+          engines.select {|engine| engine.routed? }.map {|engine| engine.routing_file }.each do |routing_file|
             ActionController::Routing::Routes.add_configuration_file(routing_file)
           end
         end
 
         def add_engine_controller_paths
-          ActionController::Routing.controller_paths += engines.collect(&:controller_path)
+          ActionController::Routing.controller_paths += engines.collect {|engine| engine.controller_path }
         end
 
         def add_engine_view_paths
           # reverse it such that the last engine can overwrite view paths from the first, like with routes
-          paths = ActionView::PathSet.new(engines.collect(&:view_path).reverse)
+          paths = ActionView::PathSet.new(engines.collect {|engine| engine.view_path }.reverse)
           ActionController::Base.view_paths.concat(paths)
           ActionMailer::Base.view_paths.concat(paths) if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_mailer)
         end
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ module Rails
         # so we load all in alphabetical order. If it is an empty array, we load no plugins, if it is
         # non empty, we load the named plugins in the order specified.
         def registered_plugin_names
-          configuration.plugins ? configuration.plugins.map(&:to_s) : nil
+          configuration.plugins ? configuration.plugins.map {|plugin| plugin.to_s } : nil
         end
 
         def loaded?(plugin_name)
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/plugin/locator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/plugin/locator.rb
index a6fc388a8e..1057c004e0 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/plugin/locator.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/plugin/locator.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module Rails
       end
       
       def plugin_names
-        plugins.map(&:name)
+        plugins.map {|plugin| plugin.name }
       end
     end
     
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb b/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb
index adc43da864..b031be29af 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 require 'active_support/ordered_hash'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute_accessors'
+require 'active_support/dependencies'
 
 module Rails
   module Rack
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ module Rails
 
         load_list.map do |requested_metal|
           if metal = all_metals[requested_metal]
-            require metal
+            require_dependency metal
             requested_metal.constantize
           end
         end.compact
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator.rb
index 9f0ffc1562..85400932dd 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails_generator.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator.rb
@@ -21,16 +21,11 @@
 # WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #++
 
-$:.unshift(File.dirname(__FILE__))
-$:.unshift(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../../activesupport/lib")
-
-begin
-  require 'active_support'  
-rescue LoadError
-  require 'rubygems'
-  gem 'activesupport'
-end
+activesupport_path = "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../../activesupport/lib"
+$:.unshift(activesupport_path) if File.directory?(activesupport_path)
+require 'active_support/all'
 
+$:.unshift(File.dirname(__FILE__))
 require 'rails_generator/base'
 require 'rails_generator/lookup'
 require 'rails_generator/commands'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/app_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/app_generator.rb
index 2c31d89538..c8c2239f34 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/app_generator.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/app_generator.rb
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ class AppGenerator < Rails::Generator::Base
       create_database_configuration_file(m)
       create_routes_file(m)
       create_locale_file(m)
+      create_seeds_file(m)
       create_initializer_files(m)
       create_environment_files(m)
     end
@@ -176,6 +177,10 @@ class AppGenerator < Rails::Generator::Base
       m.file "configs/routes.rb", "config/routes.rb"
     end
 
+    def create_seeds_file(m)
+      m.file "configs/seeds.rb", "db/seeds.rb"
+    end
+
     def create_initializer_files(m)
       %w( 
         backtrace_silencers 
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/template_runner.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/template_runner.rb
index 3b49b1fa92..0e24d11950 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/template_runner.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/applications/app/template_runner.rb
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ module Rails
     #
     def generate(what, *args)
       log 'generating', what
-      argument = args.map(&:to_s).flatten.join(" ")
+      argument = args.map {|arg| arg.to_s }.flatten.join(" ")
 
       in_root { run_ruby_script("script/generate #{what} #{argument}", false) }
     end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model/templates/model.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model/templates/model.rb
index 6fcf393bdf..0656b06dfe 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model/templates/model.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model/templates/model.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 class <%= class_name %> < ActiveRecord::Base
-<% attributes.select(&:reference?).each do |attribute| -%>
+<% attributes.select {|attr| attr.reference? }.each do |attribute| -%>
   belongs_to :<%= attribute.name %>
 <% end -%>
 end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a4b558a401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Description:
+    Create a model subclass of parent, used for Single Table Inheritance.
+
+    Both subclass and parent name can be either CamelCased or under_scored.
+
+    This generates a model class in app/models and a unit test in test/unit.
+
+Examples:
+    `./script/generate model_subclass admin user`
+
+        creates an Admin model, which will inheritate from User model, test:
+            Model:      app/models/admin.rb
+            Test:       test/unit/admin_test.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/model_subclass_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/model_subclass_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8ac3da2cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/model_subclass_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+class ModelSubclassGenerator < Rails::Generator::NamedBase
+  default_options :skip_unit_test => false
+
+  def manifest
+    record do |m|
+      # Check for class naming collisions.
+      m.class_collisions class_name, "#{class_name}Test"
+
+      # Model and test directories.
+      m.directory File.join('app/models', class_path)
+      m.directory File.join('test/unit', class_path)
+
+      # Model class and unit test
+      m.template 'model.rb',      File.join('app/models', class_path, "#{file_name}.rb"),     :assigns => assigns
+      m.template 'unit_test.rb',  File.join('test/unit', class_path, "#{file_name}_test.rb"), :assigns => assigns
+
+    end
+  end
+
+  protected
+    def banner
+      "Usage: #{$0} #{spec.name} Subclass Parent"
+    end
+
+    def assigns
+      {:parent_class_name => parent_class_name}
+    end
+
+    def parent_class_name
+      @args.first.try(:camelize) || usage
+    end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/templates/model.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/templates/model.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0037b322b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/templates/model.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+class <%= class_name %> < <%= parent_class_name %>
+
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/templates/unit_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/templates/unit_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e0bc29d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/generators/components/model_subclass/templates/unit_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>Test < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails_generator/scripts.rb b/railties/lib/rails_generator/scripts.rb
index 9b1a99838a..3763b75dba 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails_generator/scripts.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails_generator/scripts.rb
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ module Rails
 
             usage << <<end_blurb
 
-More are available at http://wiki.rubyonrails.org/rails/pages/AvailableGenerators
+You can also install additional generators for your own use:
   1. Download, for example, login_generator.zip
   2. Unzip to directory #{Dir.user_home}/.rails/generators/login
      to use the generator with all your Rails apps
diff --git a/railties/lib/tasks/databases.rake b/railties/lib/tasks/databases.rake
index 9588fabb2d..cdab5d8bb0 100644
--- a/railties/lib/tasks/databases.rake
+++ b/railties/lib/tasks/databases.rake
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ namespace :db do
     Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].invoke if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
   end
 
-  desc 'Drops and recreates the database from db/schema.rb for the current environment.'
-  task :reset => ['db:drop', 'db:create', 'db:schema:load']
+  desc 'Drops and recreates the database from db/schema.rb for the current environment and loads the seeds.'
+  task :reset => [ 'db:drop', 'db:setup' ]
 
   desc "Retrieves the charset for the current environment's database"
   task :charset => :environment do
@@ -206,6 +206,15 @@ namespace :db do
     end
   end
 
+  desc 'Create the database, load the schema, and initialize with the seed data'
+  task :setup => [ 'db:create', 'db:schema:load', 'db:seed' ]
+
+  desc 'Load the seed data from db/seeds.rb'
+  task :seed => :environment do
+    seed_file = File.join(Rails.root, 'db', 'seeds.rb')
+    load(seed_file) if File.exist?(seed_file)
+  end
+
   namespace :fixtures do
     desc "Load fixtures into the current environment's database.  Load specific fixtures using FIXTURES=x,y. Load from subdirectory in test/fixtures using FIXTURES_DIR=z. Specify an alternative path (eg. spec/fixtures) using FIXTURES_PATH=spec/fixtures."
     task :load => :environment do
diff --git a/railties/lib/tasks/gems.rake b/railties/lib/tasks/gems.rake
index ed07bf2016..e496e1a04f 100644
--- a/railties/lib/tasks/gems.rake
+++ b/railties/lib/tasks/gems.rake
@@ -20,18 +20,25 @@ namespace :gems do
   desc "Build any native extensions for unpacked gems"
   task :build do
     $gems_build_rake_task = true
-    Rake::Task['gems:unpack'].invoke
-    current_gems.each &:build
+    frozen_gems.each {|gem| gem.build }
+  end
+
+  namespace :build do
+    desc "Force the build of all gems"
+    task :force do
+      $gems_build_rake_task = true
+      frozen_gems.each { |gem| gem.build(:force => true) }
+    end
   end
 
   desc "Installs all required gems."
   task :install => :base do
-    current_gems.each &:install
+    current_gems.each {|gem| gem.install }
   end
 
   desc "Unpacks all required gems into vendor/gems."
   task :unpack => :install do
-    current_gems.each &:unpack
+    current_gems.each {|gem| gem.unpack }
   end
 
   namespace :unpack do
@@ -43,7 +50,7 @@ namespace :gems do
 
   desc "Regenerate gem specifications in correct format."
   task :refresh_specs => :base do
-    current_gems.each &:refresh
+    current_gems.each {|gem| gem.refresh }
   end
 end
 
@@ -53,6 +60,12 @@ def current_gems
   gems
 end
 
+def frozen_gems
+  Dir[File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'vendor', 'gems', '*-*')].map do |gem_dir|
+    Rails::GemDependency.from_directory_name(gem_dir)
+  end
+end
+
 def print_gem_status(gem, indent=1)
   code = case
     when gem.framework_gem? then 'R'
diff --git a/railties/lib/tasks/misc.rake b/railties/lib/tasks/misc.rake
index 9e6f96db5b..fb2fc31dc1 100644
--- a/railties/lib/tasks/misc.rake
+++ b/railties/lib/tasks/misc.rake
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ end
 
 desc 'Generate a crytographically secure secret key. This is typically used to generate a secret for cookie sessions.'
 task :secret do
+  require 'active_support/secure_random'
   puts ActiveSupport::SecureRandom.hex(64)
 end
 
-require 'active_support'
 namespace :time do
   namespace :zones do
     desc 'Displays names of all time zones recognized by the Rails TimeZone class, grouped by offset. Results can be filtered with optional OFFSET parameter, e.g., OFFSET=-6'
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ namespace :time do
     
     desc 'Displays names of time zones recognized by the Rails TimeZone class with the same offset as the system local time'
     task :local do
+      require 'active_support'
+      require 'active_support/time'
       jan_offset = Time.now.beginning_of_year.utc_offset
       jul_offset = Time.now.beginning_of_year.change(:month => 7).utc_offset
       offset = jan_offset < jul_offset ? jan_offset : jul_offset
@@ -38,6 +40,8 @@ namespace :time do
     
     # to find UTC -06:00 zones, OFFSET can be set to either -6, -6:00 or 21600
     def build_time_zone_list(method, offset = ENV['OFFSET'])
+      require 'active_support'
+      require 'active_support/time'
       if offset
         offset = if offset.to_s.match(/(\+|-)?(\d+):(\d+)/)
           sign = $1 == '-' ? -1 : 1