Move railties/lib/* into railties/lib/*

256 files changed, 22421 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/code_statistics.rb b/railties/lib/rails/code_statistics.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..740d8a1767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/code_statistics.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+class CodeStatistics #:nodoc:
+
+  TEST_TYPES = %w(Units Functionals Unit\ tests Functional\ tests Integration\ tests)
+
+  def initialize(*pairs)
+    @pairs      = pairs
+    @statistics = calculate_statistics
+    @total      = calculate_total if pairs.length > 1
+  end
+
+  def to_s
+    print_header
+    @pairs.each { |pair| print_line(pair.first, @statistics[pair.first]) }
+    print_splitter
+  
+    if @total
+      print_line("Total", @total)
+      print_splitter
+    end
+
+    print_code_test_stats
+  end
+
+  private
+    def calculate_statistics
+      @pairs.inject({}) { |stats, pair| stats[pair.first] = calculate_directory_statistics(pair.last); stats }
+    end
+
+    def calculate_directory_statistics(directory, pattern = /.*\.rb$/)
+      stats = { "lines" => 0, "codelines" => 0, "classes" => 0, "methods" => 0 }
+
+      Dir.foreach(directory) do |file_name| 
+        if File.stat(directory + "/" + file_name).directory? and (/^\./ !~ file_name)
+          newstats = calculate_directory_statistics(directory + "/" + file_name, pattern)
+          stats.each { |k, v| stats[k] += newstats[k] }
+        end
+
+        next unless file_name =~ pattern
+
+        f = File.open(directory + "/" + file_name)
+
+        while line = f.gets
+          stats["lines"]     += 1
+          stats["classes"]   += 1 if line =~ /class [A-Z]/
+          stats["methods"]   += 1 if line =~ /def [a-z]/
+          stats["codelines"] += 1 unless line =~ /^\s*$/ || line =~ /^\s*#/
+        end
+      end
+
+      stats
+    end
+
+    def calculate_total
+      total = { "lines" => 0, "codelines" => 0, "classes" => 0, "methods" => 0 }
+      @statistics.each_value { |pair| pair.each { |k, v| total[k] += v } }
+      total
+    end
+
+    def calculate_code
+      code_loc = 0
+      @statistics.each { |k, v| code_loc += v['codelines'] unless TEST_TYPES.include? k }
+      code_loc
+    end
+
+    def calculate_tests
+      test_loc = 0
+      @statistics.each { |k, v| test_loc += v['codelines'] if TEST_TYPES.include? k }
+      test_loc
+    end
+
+    def print_header
+      print_splitter
+      puts "| Name                 | Lines |   LOC | Classes | Methods | M/C | LOC/M |"
+      print_splitter
+    end
+
+    def print_splitter
+      puts "+----------------------+-------+-------+---------+---------+-----+-------+"
+    end
+
+    def print_line(name, statistics)
+      m_over_c   = (statistics["methods"] / statistics["classes"])   rescue m_over_c = 0
+      loc_over_m = (statistics["codelines"] / statistics["methods"]) - 2 rescue loc_over_m = 0
+
+      start = if TEST_TYPES.include? name
+        "| #{name.ljust(20)} "
+      else
+        "| #{name.ljust(20)} " 
+      end
+
+      puts start + 
+           "| #{statistics["lines"].to_s.rjust(5)} " +
+           "| #{statistics["codelines"].to_s.rjust(5)} " +
+           "| #{statistics["classes"].to_s.rjust(7)} " +
+           "| #{statistics["methods"].to_s.rjust(7)} " +
+           "| #{m_over_c.to_s.rjust(3)} " +
+           "| #{loc_over_m.to_s.rjust(5)} |"
+    end
+
+    def print_code_test_stats
+      code  = calculate_code
+      tests = calculate_tests
+
+      puts "  Code LOC: #{code}     Test LOC: #{tests}     Code to Test Ratio: 1:#{sprintf("%.1f", tests.to_f/code)}"
+      puts ""
+    end
+  end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..841e98a0dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+commands = Dir["#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/commands/*.rb"].collect { |file_path| File.basename(file_path).split(".").first }
+
+if commands.include?(ARGV.first)
+  require "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/commands/#{ARGV.shift}"
+else
+  puts <<-USAGE
+The 'run' provides a unified access point for all the default Rails' commands.
+  
+Usage: ./script/run <command> [OPTIONS]
+
+Examples:
+  ./script/run generate controller Admin
+  ./script/run process reaper
+
+USAGE
+  puts "Choose: #{commands.join(", ")}"
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/about.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/about.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc2cfcb948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/about.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+require "#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment"
+require 'rails/info'
+puts Rails::Info
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/console.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/console.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..31448bdf1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/console.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+irb = RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(:?mswin|mingw)/ ? 'irb.bat' : 'irb'
+
+require 'optparse'
+
+options = { :sandbox => false, :irb => irb }
+OptionParser.new do |opt|
+  opt.banner = "Usage: console [environment] [options]"
+  opt.on('-s', '--sandbox', 'Rollback database modifications on exit.') { |v| options[:sandbox] = v }
+  opt.on("--irb=[#{irb}]", 'Invoke a different irb.') { |v| options[:irb] = v }
+  opt.on("--debugger", 'Enable ruby-debugging for the console.') { |v| options[:debugger] = v }
+  opt.parse!(ARGV)
+end
+
+libs =  " -r irb/completion"
+libs << %( -r "#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment")
+libs << " -r rails/console_app"
+libs << " -r rails/console_sandbox" if options[:sandbox]
+libs << " -r rails/console_with_helpers"
+
+if options[:debugger]
+  begin
+    require 'ruby-debug'
+    libs << " -r ruby-debug"
+    puts "=> Debugger enabled"
+  rescue Exception
+    puts "You need to install ruby-debug to run the console in debugging mode. With gems, use 'gem install ruby-debug'"
+    exit
+  end
+end
+
+ENV['RAILS_ENV'] = case ARGV.first
+  when "p"; "production"
+  when "d"; "development"
+  when "t"; "test"
+  else
+    ARGV.first || ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'development'
+end
+
+if options[:sandbox]
+  puts "Loading #{ENV['RAILS_ENV']} environment in sandbox (Rails #{Rails.version})"
+  puts "Any modifications you make will be rolled back on exit"
+else
+  puts "Loading #{ENV['RAILS_ENV']} environment (Rails #{Rails.version})"
+end
+exec "#{options[:irb]} #{libs} --simple-prompt"
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/dbconsole.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/dbconsole.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e6f11a45db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/dbconsole.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+require 'erb'
+require 'yaml'
+require 'optparse'
+
+include_password = false
+options = {}
+
+OptionParser.new do |opt|
+  opt.banner = "Usage: dbconsole [options] [environment]"
+  opt.on("-p", "--include-password", "Automatically provide the password from database.yml") do |v|
+    include_password = true
+  end
+
+  opt.on("--mode [MODE]", ['html', 'list', 'line', 'column'],
+    "Automatically put the sqlite3 database in the specified mode (html, list, line, column).") do |mode|
+      options['mode'] = mode
+  end
+
+  opt.on("-h", "--header") do |h|
+    options['header'] = h
+  end
+
+  opt.parse!(ARGV)
+  abort opt.to_s unless (0..1).include?(ARGV.size)
+end
+
+env = ARGV.first || ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'development'
+unless config = YAML::load(ERB.new(IO.read(RAILS_ROOT + "/config/database.yml")).result)[env]
+  abort "No database is configured for the environment '#{env}'"
+end
+
+
+def find_cmd(*commands)
+  dirs_on_path = ENV['PATH'].to_s.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR)
+  commands += commands.map{|cmd| "#{cmd}.exe"} if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /win32/
+
+  full_path_command = nil
+  found = commands.detect do |cmd|
+    dir = dirs_on_path.detect do |path|
+      full_path_command = File.join(path, cmd)
+      File.executable? full_path_command
+    end
+  end
+  found ? full_path_command : abort("Couldn't find database client: #{commands.join(', ')}. Check your $PATH and try again.")
+end
+
+case config["adapter"]
+when "mysql"
+  args = {
+    'host'      => '--host',
+    'port'      => '--port',
+    'socket'    => '--socket',
+    'username'  => '--user',
+    'encoding'  => '--default-character-set'
+  }.map { |opt, arg| "#{arg}=#{config[opt]}" if config[opt] }.compact
+
+  if config['password'] && include_password
+    args << "--password=#{config['password']}"
+  elsif config['password'] && !config['password'].to_s.empty?
+    args << "-p"
+  end
+
+  args << config['database']
+
+  exec(find_cmd('mysql', 'mysql5'), *args)
+
+when "postgresql"
+  ENV['PGUSER']     = config["username"] if config["username"]
+  ENV['PGHOST']     = config["host"] if config["host"]
+  ENV['PGPORT']     = config["port"].to_s if config["port"]
+  ENV['PGPASSWORD'] = config["password"].to_s if config["password"] && include_password
+  exec(find_cmd('psql'), config["database"])
+
+when "sqlite"
+  exec(find_cmd('sqlite'), config["database"])
+
+when "sqlite3"
+  args = []
+
+  args << "-#{options['mode']}" if options['mode']
+  args << "-header" if options['header']
+  args << config['database']
+
+  exec(find_cmd('sqlite3'), *args)
+else
+  abort "Unknown command-line client for #{config['database']}. Submit a Rails patch to add support!"
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/destroy.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/destroy.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5013d30b83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/destroy.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'generators'))
+require "#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment"
+
+if ARGV.size == 0
+  Rails::Generators.help
+  exit
+end
+
+name = ARGV.shift
+Rails::Generators.invoke name, ARGV, :behavior => :revoke
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/generate.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/generate.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..32cabcab10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/generate.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'generators'))
+require "#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment"
+
+if ARGV.size == 0
+  Rails::Generators.help
+  exit
+end
+
+name = ARGV.shift
+Rails::Generators.invoke name, ARGV, :behavior => :invoke
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/ncgi/listener b/railties/lib/rails/commands/ncgi/listener
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..7079ef78a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/ncgi/listener
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'stringio'
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'fcgi_handler'
+
+def message(s)
+  $stderr.puts "listener: #{s}" if ENV && ENV["DEBUG_GATEWAY"]
+end
+
+class RemoteCGI < CGI
+  attr_accessor :stdinput, :stdoutput, :env_table
+  def initialize(env_table, input = nil, output = nil)
+    self.env_table = env_table
+    self.stdinput = input || StringIO.new
+    self.stdoutput = output || StringIO.new
+    super()
+  end
+
+  def out(stream) # Ignore the requested output stream
+    super(stdoutput)
+  end
+end
+
+class Listener
+  include DRbUndumped
+
+  def initialize(timeout, socket_path)
+    @socket = File.expand_path(socket_path)
+    @mutex = Mutex.new
+    @active = false
+    @timeout = timeout
+
+    @handler = RailsFCGIHandler.new
+    @handler.extend DRbUndumped
+
+    message 'opening socket'
+    DRb.start_service("drbunix:#{@socket}", self)
+
+    message 'entering process loop'
+    @handler.process! self
+  end
+
+  def each_cgi(&cgi_block)
+    @cgi_block = cgi_block
+    message 'entering idle loop'
+    loop do
+      sleep @timeout rescue nil
+      die! unless @active
+      @active = false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def process(env, input)
+    message 'received request'
+    @mutex.synchronize do
+      @active = true
+
+      message 'creating input stream'
+      input_stream = StringIO.new(input)
+      message 'building CGI instance'
+      cgi = RemoteCGI.new(eval(env), input_stream)
+
+      message 'yielding to fcgi handler'
+      @cgi_block.call cgi
+      message 'yield finished -- sending output'
+
+      cgi.stdoutput.seek(0)
+      output = cgi.stdoutput.read
+
+      return output
+    end
+  end
+
+  def die!
+    message 'shutting down'
+    DRb.stop_service
+    FileUtils.rm_f @socket
+    Kernel.exit 0
+  end
+end
+
+socket_path = ARGV.shift
+timeout = (ARGV.shift || 90).to_i
+
+Listener.new(timeout, socket_path)
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/ncgi/tracker b/railties/lib/rails/commands/ncgi/tracker
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4ca12d779b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/ncgi/tracker
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'drb'
+require 'thread'
+
+def message(s)
+  $stderr.puts "tracker: #{s}" if ENV && ENV["DEBUG_GATEWAY"]
+end
+
+class Tracker
+  include DRbUndumped
+
+  def initialize(instances, socket_path)
+    @instances = instances
+    @socket = File.expand_path(socket_path)
+    @active = false
+
+    @listeners = []
+    @instances.times { @listeners << Mutex.new }
+
+    message "using #{@listeners.length} listeners"
+    message "opening socket at #{@socket}"
+
+    @service = DRb.start_service("drbunix://#{@socket}", self)
+  end
+
+  def with_listener
+    message "listener requested"
+
+    mutex = has_lock = index = nil
+    3.times do 
+      @listeners.each_with_index do |mutex, index|
+        has_lock = mutex.try_lock
+        break if has_lock
+      end
+      break if has_lock
+      sleep 0.05
+    end
+
+    if has_lock
+      message "obtained listener #{index}"
+      @active = true
+      begin yield index
+      ensure
+        mutex.unlock
+        message "released listener #{index}"
+      end
+    else
+      message "dropping request because no listeners are available!"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def background(check_interval = nil)
+    if check_interval
+      loop do
+        sleep check_interval
+        message "Idle for #{check_interval}, shutting down" unless @active
+        @active = false
+        Kernel.exit 0
+      end
+    else DRb.thread.join
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+socket_path = ARGV.shift
+instances = ARGV.shift.to_i
+t = Tracker.new(instances, socket_path)
+t.background(ARGV.first ? ARGV.shift.to_i : 90)
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/performance/benchmarker.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/performance/benchmarker.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8804fe1bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/performance/benchmarker.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+if ARGV.empty?
+  puts "Usage: ./script/performance/benchmarker [times] 'Person.expensive_way' 'Person.another_expensive_way' ..."
+  exit 1
+end
+
+begin
+  N = Integer(ARGV.first)
+  ARGV.shift
+rescue ArgumentError
+  N = 1
+end
+
+require RAILS_ROOT + '/config/environment'
+require 'benchmark'
+include Benchmark
+
+# Don't include compilation in the benchmark
+ARGV.each { |expression| eval(expression) }
+
+bm(6) do |x|
+  ARGV.each_with_index do |expression, idx|
+    x.report("##{idx + 1}") { N.times { eval(expression) } }
+  end
+end 
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/performance/profiler.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/performance/profiler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7df840f197
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/performance/profiler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+if ARGV.empty?
+  $stderr.puts "Usage: ./script/performance/profiler 'Person.expensive_method(10)' [times] [flat|graph|graph_html]"
+  exit(1)
+end
+
+# Keep the expensive require out of the profile.
+$stderr.puts 'Loading Rails...'
+require RAILS_ROOT + '/config/environment'
+
+# Define a method to profile.
+if ARGV[1] and ARGV[1].to_i > 1
+  eval "def profile_me() #{ARGV[1]}.times { #{ARGV[0]} } end"
+else
+  eval "def profile_me() #{ARGV[0]} end"
+end
+
+# Use the ruby-prof extension if available.  Fall back to stdlib profiler.
+begin
+  begin
+    require "ruby-prof"
+    $stderr.puts 'Using the ruby-prof extension.'
+    RubyProf.measure_mode = RubyProf::WALL_TIME
+    RubyProf.start
+    profile_me
+    results = RubyProf.stop
+    if ARGV[2]
+      printer_class = RubyProf.const_get((ARGV[2] + "_printer").classify)
+    else
+      printer_class = RubyProf::FlatPrinter
+    end
+    printer = printer_class.new(results)
+    printer.print($stderr)
+  rescue LoadError
+    require "prof"
+    $stderr.puts 'Using the old ruby-prof extension.'
+    Prof.clock_mode = Prof::GETTIMEOFDAY
+    Prof.start
+    profile_me
+    results = Prof.stop
+    require 'rubyprof_ext'
+    Prof.print_profile(results, $stderr)
+  end
+rescue LoadError
+  require 'profiler'
+  $stderr.puts 'Using the standard Ruby profiler.'
+  Profiler__.start_profile
+  profile_me
+  Profiler__.stop_profile
+  Profiler__.print_profile($stderr)
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/plugin.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/plugin.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..159db707e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/plugin.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,542 @@
+# Rails Plugin Manager.
+#
+# Installing plugins:
+#
+#   $ ./script/plugin install continuous_builder asset_timestamping
+# 
+# Specifying revisions:
+#
+#   * Subversion revision is a single integer.
+#
+#   * Git revision format:
+#     - full - 'refs/tags/1.8.0' or 'refs/heads/experimental'
+#     - short: 'experimental' (equivalent to 'refs/heads/experimental')
+#              'tag 1.8.0' (equivalent to 'refs/tags/1.8.0')
+#
+#
+# This is Free Software, copyright 2005 by Ryan Tomayko (rtomayko@gmail.com) 
+# and is licensed MIT: (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php)
+
+$verbose = false
+
+
+require 'open-uri'
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'tempfile'
+
+include FileUtils
+
+class RailsEnvironment
+  attr_reader :root
+
+  def initialize(dir)
+    @root = dir
+  end
+
+  def self.find(dir=nil)
+    dir ||= pwd
+    while dir.length > 1
+      return new(dir) if File.exist?(File.join(dir, 'config', 'environment.rb'))
+      dir = File.dirname(dir)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def self.default
+    @default ||= find
+  end
+  
+  def self.default=(rails_env)
+    @default = rails_env
+  end
+  
+  def install(name_uri_or_plugin)
+    if name_uri_or_plugin.is_a? String
+      if name_uri_or_plugin =~ /:\/\// 
+        plugin = Plugin.new(name_uri_or_plugin)
+      else
+        plugin = Plugins[name_uri_or_plugin]
+      end
+    else
+      plugin = name_uri_or_plugin
+    end
+    unless plugin.nil?
+      plugin.install
+    else
+      puts "Plugin not found: #{name_uri_or_plugin}"
+    end
+  end
+ 
+  def use_svn?
+    require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel'
+    silence_stderr {`svn --version` rescue nil}
+    !$?.nil? && $?.success?
+  end
+
+  def use_externals?
+    use_svn? && File.directory?("#{root}/vendor/plugins/.svn")
+  end
+
+  def use_checkout?
+    # this is a bit of a guess. we assume that if the rails environment
+    # is under subversion then they probably want the plugin checked out
+    # instead of exported. This can be overridden on the command line
+    File.directory?("#{root}/.svn")
+  end
+
+  def best_install_method
+    return :http unless use_svn?
+    case
+      when use_externals? then :externals
+      when use_checkout? then :checkout
+      else :export
+    end
+  end
+
+  def externals
+    return [] unless use_externals?
+    ext = `svn propget svn:externals "#{root}/vendor/plugins"`
+    lines = ext.respond_to?(:lines) ? ext.lines : ext
+    lines.reject{ |line| line.strip == '' }.map do |line|
+      line.strip.split(/\s+/, 2) 
+    end
+  end
+
+  def externals=(items)
+    unless items.is_a? String
+      items = items.map{|name,uri| "#{name.ljust(29)} #{uri.chomp('/')}"}.join("\n")
+    end
+    Tempfile.open("svn-set-prop") do |file|
+      file.write(items)
+      file.flush
+      system("svn propset -q svn:externals -F \"#{file.path}\" \"#{root}/vendor/plugins\"")
+    end
+  end
+  
+end
+
+class Plugin
+  attr_reader :name, :uri
+  
+  def initialize(uri, name = nil)
+    @uri = uri
+    guess_name(uri)
+  end
+  
+  def self.find(name)
+    new(name)
+  end
+  
+  def to_s
+    "#{@name.ljust(30)}#{@uri}"
+  end
+  
+  def svn_url?
+    @uri =~ /svn(?:\+ssh)?:\/\/*/
+  end
+  
+  def git_url?
+    @uri =~ /^git:\/\// || @uri =~ /\.git$/
+  end
+  
+  def installed?
+    File.directory?("#{rails_env.root}/vendor/plugins/#{name}") \
+      or rails_env.externals.detect{ |name, repo| self.uri == repo }
+  end
+  
+  def install(method=nil, options = {})
+    method ||= rails_env.best_install_method?
+    if :http == method
+      method = :export if svn_url?
+      method = :git    if git_url?
+    end
+
+    uninstall if installed? and options[:force]
+
+    unless installed?
+      send("install_using_#{method}", options)
+      run_install_hook
+    else
+      puts "already installed: #{name} (#{uri}).  pass --force to reinstall"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def uninstall
+    path = "#{rails_env.root}/vendor/plugins/#{name}"
+    if File.directory?(path)
+      puts "Removing 'vendor/plugins/#{name}'" if $verbose
+      run_uninstall_hook
+      rm_r path
+    else
+      puts "Plugin doesn't exist: #{path}"
+    end
+
+    if rails_env.use_externals?
+      # clean up svn:externals
+      externals = rails_env.externals
+      externals.reject!{|n,u| name == n or name == u}
+      rails_env.externals = externals
+    end
+  end
+
+  def info
+    tmp = "#{rails_env.root}/_tmp_about.yml"
+    if svn_url?
+      cmd = "svn export #{@uri} \"#{rails_env.root}/#{tmp}\""
+      puts cmd if $verbose
+      system(cmd)
+    end
+    open(svn_url? ? tmp : File.join(@uri, 'about.yml')) do |stream|
+      stream.read
+    end rescue "No about.yml found in #{uri}"
+  ensure
+    FileUtils.rm_rf tmp if svn_url?
+  end
+
+  private 
+
+    def run_install_hook
+      install_hook_file = "#{rails_env.root}/vendor/plugins/#{name}/install.rb"
+      load install_hook_file if File.exist? install_hook_file
+    end
+
+    def run_uninstall_hook
+      uninstall_hook_file = "#{rails_env.root}/vendor/plugins/#{name}/uninstall.rb"
+      load uninstall_hook_file if File.exist? uninstall_hook_file
+    end
+
+    def install_using_export(options = {})
+      svn_command :export, options
+    end
+    
+    def install_using_checkout(options = {})
+      svn_command :checkout, options
+    end
+    
+    def install_using_externals(options = {})
+      externals = rails_env.externals
+      externals.push([@name, uri])
+      rails_env.externals = externals
+      install_using_checkout(options)
+    end
+
+    def install_using_http(options = {})
+      root = rails_env.root
+      mkdir_p "#{root}/vendor/plugins/#{@name}"
+      Dir.chdir "#{root}/vendor/plugins/#{@name}" do
+        puts "fetching from '#{uri}'" if $verbose
+        fetcher = RecursiveHTTPFetcher.new(uri, -1)
+        fetcher.quiet = true if options[:quiet]
+        fetcher.fetch
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def install_using_git(options = {})
+      root = rails_env.root
+      mkdir_p(install_path = "#{root}/vendor/plugins/#{name}")
+      Dir.chdir install_path do
+        init_cmd = "git init"
+        init_cmd += " -q" if options[:quiet] and not $verbose
+        puts init_cmd if $verbose
+        system(init_cmd)
+        base_cmd = "git pull --depth 1 #{uri}"
+        base_cmd += " -q" if options[:quiet] and not $verbose
+        base_cmd += " #{options[:revision]}" if options[:revision]
+        puts base_cmd if $verbose
+        if system(base_cmd)
+          puts "removing: .git .gitignore" if $verbose
+          rm_rf %w(.git .gitignore)
+        else
+          rm_rf install_path
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def svn_command(cmd, options = {})
+      root = rails_env.root
+      mkdir_p "#{root}/vendor/plugins"
+      base_cmd = "svn #{cmd} #{uri} \"#{root}/vendor/plugins/#{name}\""
+      base_cmd += ' -q' if options[:quiet] and not $verbose
+      base_cmd += " -r #{options[:revision]}" if options[:revision]
+      puts base_cmd if $verbose
+      system(base_cmd)
+    end
+
+    def guess_name(url)
+      @name = File.basename(url)
+      if @name == 'trunk' || @name.empty?
+        @name = File.basename(File.dirname(url))
+      end
+      @name.gsub!(/\.git$/, '') if @name =~ /\.git$/
+    end
+    
+    def rails_env
+      @rails_env || RailsEnvironment.default
+    end
+end
+
+# load default environment and parse arguments
+require 'optparse'
+module Commands
+
+  class Plugin
+    attr_reader :environment, :script_name, :sources
+    def initialize
+      @environment = RailsEnvironment.default
+      @rails_root = RailsEnvironment.default.root
+      @script_name = File.basename($0) 
+      @sources = []
+    end
+    
+    def environment=(value)
+      @environment = value
+      RailsEnvironment.default = value
+    end
+    
+    def options
+      OptionParser.new do |o|
+        o.set_summary_indent('  ')
+        o.banner =    "Usage: #{@script_name} [OPTIONS] command"
+        o.define_head "Rails plugin manager."
+        
+        o.separator ""        
+        o.separator "GENERAL OPTIONS"
+        
+        o.on("-r", "--root=DIR", String,
+             "Set an explicit rails app directory.",
+             "Default: #{@rails_root}") { |rails_root| @rails_root = rails_root; self.environment = RailsEnvironment.new(@rails_root) }
+        o.on("-s", "--source=URL1,URL2", Array,
+             "Use the specified plugin repositories instead of the defaults.") { |sources| @sources = sources}
+        
+        o.on("-v", "--verbose", "Turn on verbose output.") { |verbose| $verbose = verbose }
+        o.on("-h", "--help", "Show this help message.") { puts o; exit }
+        
+        o.separator ""
+        o.separator "COMMANDS"
+        
+        o.separator "  install    Install plugin(s) from known repositories or URLs."
+        o.separator "  remove     Uninstall plugins."
+        
+        o.separator ""
+        o.separator "EXAMPLES"
+        o.separator "  Install a plugin:"
+        o.separator "    #{@script_name} install continuous_builder\n"
+        o.separator "  Install a plugin from a subversion URL:"
+        o.separator "    #{@script_name} install http://dev.rubyonrails.com/svn/rails/plugins/continuous_builder\n"
+        o.separator "  Install a plugin from a git URL:"
+        o.separator "    #{@script_name} install git://github.com/SomeGuy/my_awesome_plugin.git\n"
+        o.separator "  Install a plugin and add a svn:externals entry to vendor/plugins"
+        o.separator "    #{@script_name} install -x continuous_builder\n"
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def parse!(args=ARGV)
+      general, sub = split_args(args)
+      options.parse!(general)
+      
+      command = general.shift
+      if command =~ /^(install|remove)$/
+        command = Commands.const_get(command.capitalize).new(self)
+        command.parse!(sub)
+      else
+        puts "Unknown command: #{command}"
+        puts options
+        exit 1
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def split_args(args)
+      left = []
+      left << args.shift while args[0] and args[0] =~ /^-/
+      left << args.shift if args[0]
+      return [left, args]
+    end
+    
+    def self.parse!(args=ARGV)
+      Plugin.new.parse!(args)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  class Install
+    def initialize(base_command)
+      @base_command = base_command
+      @method = :http
+      @options = { :quiet => false, :revision => nil, :force => false }
+    end
+    
+    def options
+      OptionParser.new do |o|
+        o.set_summary_indent('  ')
+        o.banner =    "Usage: #{@base_command.script_name} install PLUGIN [PLUGIN [PLUGIN] ...]"
+        o.define_head "Install one or more plugins."
+        o.separator   ""
+        o.separator   "Options:"
+        o.on(         "-x", "--externals", 
+                      "Use svn:externals to grab the plugin.", 
+                      "Enables plugin updates and plugin versioning.") { |v| @method = :externals }
+        o.on(         "-o", "--checkout",
+                      "Use svn checkout to grab the plugin.",
+                      "Enables updating but does not add a svn:externals entry.") { |v| @method = :checkout }
+        o.on(         "-e", "--export",
+                      "Use svn export to grab the plugin.",
+                      "Exports the plugin, allowing you to check it into your local repository. Does not enable updates, or add an svn:externals entry.") { |v| @method = :export }
+        o.on(         "-q", "--quiet",
+                      "Suppresses the output from installation.",
+                      "Ignored if -v is passed (./script/plugin -v install ...)") { |v| @options[:quiet] = true }
+        o.on(         "-r REVISION", "--revision REVISION",
+                      "Checks out the given revision from subversion or git.",
+                      "Ignored if subversion/git is not used.") { |v| @options[:revision] = v }
+        o.on(         "-f", "--force",
+                      "Reinstalls a plugin if it's already installed.") { |v| @options[:force] = true }
+        o.separator   ""
+        o.separator   "You can specify plugin names as given in 'plugin list' output or absolute URLs to "
+        o.separator   "a plugin repository."
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def determine_install_method
+      best = @base_command.environment.best_install_method
+      @method = :http if best == :http and @method == :export
+      case
+      when (best == :http and @method != :http)
+        msg = "Cannot install using subversion because `svn' cannot be found in your PATH"
+      when (best == :export and (@method != :export and @method != :http))
+        msg = "Cannot install using #{@method} because this project is not under subversion."
+      when (best != :externals and @method == :externals)
+        msg = "Cannot install using externals because vendor/plugins is not under subversion."
+      end
+      if msg
+        puts msg
+        exit 1
+      end
+      @method
+    end
+    
+    def parse!(args)
+      options.parse!(args)
+      environment = @base_command.environment
+      install_method = determine_install_method
+      puts "Plugins will be installed using #{install_method}" if $verbose
+      args.each do |name|
+        ::Plugin.find(name).install(install_method, @options)
+      end
+    rescue StandardError => e
+      puts "Plugin not found: #{args.inspect}"
+      puts e.inspect if $verbose
+      exit 1
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Remove
+    def initialize(base_command)
+      @base_command = base_command
+    end
+    
+    def options
+      OptionParser.new do |o|
+        o.set_summary_indent('  ')
+        o.banner =    "Usage: #{@base_command.script_name} remove name [name]..."
+        o.define_head "Remove plugins."
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def parse!(args)
+      options.parse!(args)
+      root = @base_command.environment.root
+      args.each do |name|
+        ::Plugin.new(name).uninstall
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Info
+    def initialize(base_command)
+      @base_command = base_command
+    end
+
+    def options
+      OptionParser.new do |o|
+        o.set_summary_indent('  ')
+        o.banner =    "Usage: #{@base_command.script_name} info name [name]..."
+        o.define_head "Shows plugin info at {url}/about.yml."
+      end
+    end
+
+    def parse!(args)
+      options.parse!(args)
+      args.each do |name|
+        puts ::Plugin.find(name).info
+        puts
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+ 
+class RecursiveHTTPFetcher
+  attr_accessor :quiet
+  def initialize(urls_to_fetch, level = 1, cwd = ".")
+    @level = level
+    @cwd = cwd
+    @urls_to_fetch = RUBY_VERSION >= '1.9' ? urls_to_fetch.lines : urls_to_fetch.to_a
+    @quiet = false
+  end
+
+  def ls
+    @urls_to_fetch.collect do |url|
+      if url =~ /^svn(\+ssh)?:\/\/.*/
+        `svn ls #{url}`.split("\n").map {|entry| "/#{entry}"} rescue nil
+      else
+        open(url) do |stream|
+          links("", stream.read)
+        end rescue nil
+      end
+    end.flatten
+  end
+
+  def push_d(dir)
+    @cwd = File.join(@cwd, dir)
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p(@cwd)
+  end
+
+  def pop_d
+    @cwd = File.dirname(@cwd)
+  end
+
+  def links(base_url, contents)
+    links = []
+    contents.scan(/href\s*=\s*\"*[^\">]*/i) do |link|
+      link = link.sub(/href="/i, "")
+      next if link =~ /svnindex.xsl$/
+      next if link =~ /^(\w*:|)\/\// || link =~ /^\./
+      links << File.join(base_url, link)
+    end
+    links
+  end
+  
+  def download(link)
+    puts "+ #{File.join(@cwd, File.basename(link))}" unless @quiet
+    open(link) do |stream|
+      File.open(File.join(@cwd, File.basename(link)), "wb") do |file|
+        file.write(stream.read)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def fetch(links = @urls_to_fetch)
+    links.each do |l|
+      (l =~ /\/$/ || links == @urls_to_fetch) ? fetch_dir(l) : download(l)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def fetch_dir(url)
+    @level += 1
+    push_d(File.basename(url)) if @level > 0
+    open(url) do |stream|
+      contents =  stream.read
+      fetch(links(url, contents))
+    end
+    pop_d if @level > 0
+    @level -= 1
+  end
+end
+
+Commands::Plugin.parse!
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..510128318a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require 'optparse'
+
+options = { :environment => (ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || "development").dup }
+code_or_file = nil
+
+ARGV.clone.options do |opts|
+  script_name = File.basename($0)
+  opts.banner = "Usage: #{$0} [options] ('Some.ruby(code)' or a filename)"
+
+  opts.separator ""
+
+  opts.on("-e", "--environment=name", String,
+          "Specifies the environment for the runner to operate under (test/development/production).",
+          "Default: development") { |v| options[:environment] = v }
+
+  opts.separator ""
+
+  opts.on("-h", "--help",
+          "Show this help message.") { $stderr.puts opts; exit }
+
+  if RUBY_PLATFORM !~ /mswin/
+    opts.separator ""
+    opts.separator "You can also use runner as a shebang line for your scripts like this:"
+    opts.separator "-------------------------------------------------------------"
+    opts.separator "#!/usr/bin/env #{File.expand_path($0)}"
+    opts.separator ""
+    opts.separator "Product.find(:all).each { |p| p.price *= 2 ; p.save! }"
+    opts.separator "-------------------------------------------------------------"
+  end
+
+  opts.order! { |o| code_or_file ||= o } rescue retry
+end
+
+ARGV.delete(code_or_file)
+
+ENV["RAILS_ENV"] = options[:environment]
+RAILS_ENV.replace(options[:environment]) if defined?(RAILS_ENV)
+
+require RAILS_ROOT + '/config/environment'
+
+begin
+  if code_or_file.nil?
+    $stderr.puts "Run '#{$0} -h' for help."
+    exit 1
+  elsif File.exist?(code_or_file)
+    eval(File.read(code_or_file), nil, code_or_file)
+  else
+    eval(code_or_file)
+  end
+ensure
+  if defined? Rails
+    Rails.logger.flush if Rails.logger.respond_to?(:flush)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/server.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/server.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..823916b1dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/server.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+require 'action_controller'
+
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'optparse'
+
+options = {
+  :Port        => 3000,
+  :Host        => "0.0.0.0",
+  :environment => (ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || "development").dup,
+  :config      => RAILS_ROOT + "/config.ru",
+  :detach      => false,
+  :debugger    => false,
+  :path        => nil
+}
+
+ARGV.clone.options do |opts|
+  opts.on("-p", "--port=port", Integer,
+          "Runs Rails on the specified port.", "Default: #{options[:Port]}") { |v| options[:Port] = v }
+  opts.on("-b", "--binding=ip", String,
+          "Binds Rails to the specified ip.", "Default: #{options[:Host]}") { |v| options[:Host] = v }
+  opts.on("-c", "--config=file", String,
+          "Use custom rackup configuration file") { |v| options[:config] = v }
+  opts.on("-d", "--daemon", "Make server run as a Daemon.") { options[:detach] = true }
+  opts.on("-u", "--debugger", "Enable ruby-debugging for the server.") { options[:debugger] = true }
+  opts.on("-e", "--environment=name", String,
+          "Specifies the environment to run this server under (test/development/production).",
+          "Default: #{options[:environment]}") { |v| options[:environment] = v }
+  opts.on("-P", "--path=/path", String, "Runs Rails app mounted at a specific path.", "Default: #{options[:path]}") { |v| options[:path] = v }
+
+  opts.separator ""
+
+  opts.on("-h", "--help", "Show this help message.") { puts opts; exit }
+
+  opts.parse!
+end
+
+server = Rack::Handler.get(ARGV.first) rescue nil
+unless server
+  begin
+    server = Rack::Handler::Mongrel
+  rescue LoadError => e
+    server = Rack::Handler::WEBrick
+  end
+end
+
+puts "=> Booting #{ActiveSupport::Inflector.demodulize(server)}"
+puts "=> Rails #{Rails.version} application starting on http://#{options[:Host]}:#{options[:Port]}#{options[:path]}"
+
+%w(cache pids sessions sockets).each do |dir_to_make|
+  FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'tmp', dir_to_make))
+end
+
+if options[:detach]
+  Process.daemon
+  pid = "#{RAILS_ROOT}/tmp/pids/server.pid"
+  File.open(pid, 'w'){ |f| f.write(Process.pid) }
+  at_exit { File.delete(pid) if File.exist?(pid) }
+end
+
+ENV["RAILS_ENV"] = options[:environment]
+RAILS_ENV.replace(options[:environment]) if defined?(RAILS_ENV)
+
+if File.exist?(options[:config])
+  config = options[:config]
+  if config =~ /\.ru$/
+    cfgfile = File.read(config)
+    if cfgfile[/^#\\(.*)/]
+      opts.parse!($1.split(/\s+/))
+    end
+    inner_app = eval("Rack::Builder.new {( " + cfgfile + "\n )}.to_app", nil, config)
+  else
+    require config
+    inner_app = Object.const_get(File.basename(config, '.rb').capitalize)
+  end
+else
+  require RAILS_ROOT + "/config/environment"
+  inner_app = ActionController::Dispatcher.new
+end
+
+if options[:path].nil?
+  map_path = "/"
+else
+  ActionController::Base.relative_url_root = options[:path]
+  map_path = options[:path]
+end
+
+app = Rack::Builder.new {
+  use Rails::Rack::LogTailer unless options[:detach]
+  use Rails::Rack::Debugger if options[:debugger]
+  map map_path do
+    use Rails::Rack::Static 
+    run inner_app
+  end
+}.to_app
+
+puts "=> Call with -d to detach"
+
+trap(:INT) { exit }
+
+puts "=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server"
+
+begin
+  server.run(app, options.merge(:AccessLog => []))
+ensure
+  puts 'Exiting'
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/commands/update.rb b/railties/lib/rails/commands/update.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f3b3ad0775
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/commands/update.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'generators'))
+require "#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment"
+
+if ARGV.size == 0
+  Rails::Generators.help
+  exit
+end
+
+name = ARGV.shift
+Rails::Generators.invoke name, ARGV, :behavior => :skip
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/console_app.rb b/railties/lib/rails/console_app.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..75e6f11ea3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/console_app.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+require 'active_support/all'
+require 'active_support/test_case'
+require 'action_controller'
+
+# work around the at_exit hook in test/unit, which kills IRB
+Test::Unit.run = true if Test::Unit.respond_to?(:run=)
+
+# reference the global "app" instance, created on demand. To recreate the
+# instance, pass a non-false value as the parameter.
+def app(create=false)
+  @app_integration_instance = nil if create
+  @app_integration_instance ||= new_session do |sess|
+    sess.host! "www.example.com"
+  end
+end
+
+# create a new session. If a block is given, the new session will be yielded
+# to the block before being returned.
+def new_session
+  session = ActionController::Integration::Session.new
+  yield session if block_given?
+  session
+end
+
+#reloads the environment
+def reload!
+  puts "Reloading..."
+  ActionController::Dispatcher.new
+  ActionController::Dispatcher.router.reload
+  true
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/console_sandbox.rb b/railties/lib/rails/console_sandbox.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..65a3d68619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/console_sandbox.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ActiveRecord::Base.connection.increment_open_transactions
+ActiveRecord::Base.connection.begin_db_transaction
+at_exit do
+  ActiveRecord::Base.connection.rollback_db_transaction
+  ActiveRecord::Base.connection.decrement_open_transactions
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/console_with_helpers.rb b/railties/lib/rails/console_with_helpers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..039db667c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/console_with_helpers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+def helper
+  @helper ||= ApplicationController.helpers
+end
+
+@controller = ApplicationController.new
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/dispatcher.rb b/railties/lib/rails/dispatcher.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7f9a6221d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/dispatcher.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#--
+# Copyright (c) 2004-2009 David Heinemeier Hansson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#++
+require 'action_controller/dispatch/dispatcher'
+Dispatcher = ActionController::Dispatcher
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/fcgi_handler.rb b/railties/lib/rails/fcgi_handler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef6f3b094c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/fcgi_handler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+require 'fcgi'
+require 'logger'
+require 'rails/dispatcher'
+require 'rbconfig'
+
+class RailsFCGIHandler
+  SIGNALS = {
+    'HUP'     => :reload,
+    'INT'     => :exit_now,
+    'TERM'    => :exit_now,
+    'USR1'    => :exit,
+    'USR2'    => :restart
+  }
+  GLOBAL_SIGNALS = SIGNALS.keys - %w(USR1)
+
+  attr_reader :when_ready
+
+  attr_accessor :log_file_path
+  attr_accessor :gc_request_period
+
+  # Initialize and run the FastCGI instance, passing arguments through to new.
+  def self.process!(*args, &block)
+    new(*args, &block).process!
+  end
+
+  # Initialize the FastCGI instance with the path to a crash log
+  # detailing unhandled exceptions (default RAILS_ROOT/log/fastcgi.crash.log)
+  # and the number of requests to process between garbage collection runs
+  # (default nil for normal GC behavior.)  Optionally, pass a block which
+  # takes this instance as an argument for further configuration.
+  def initialize(log_file_path = nil, gc_request_period = nil)
+    self.log_file_path = log_file_path || "#{RAILS_ROOT}/log/fastcgi.crash.log"
+    self.gc_request_period = gc_request_period
+
+    # Yield for additional configuration.
+    yield self if block_given?
+
+    # Safely install signal handlers.
+    install_signal_handlers
+
+    @app = Dispatcher.new
+
+    # Start error timestamp at 11 seconds ago.
+    @last_error_on = Time.now - 11
+  end
+
+  def process!(provider = FCGI)
+    mark_features!
+
+    dispatcher_log :info, 'starting'
+    process_each_request provider
+    dispatcher_log :info, 'stopping gracefully'
+
+  rescue Exception => error
+    case error
+    when SystemExit
+      dispatcher_log :info, 'stopping after explicit exit'
+    when SignalException
+      dispatcher_error error, 'stopping after unhandled signal'
+    else
+      # Retry if exceptions occur more than 10 seconds apart.
+      if Time.now - @last_error_on > 10
+        @last_error_on = Time.now
+        dispatcher_error error, 'retrying after unhandled exception'
+        retry
+      else
+        dispatcher_error error, 'stopping after unhandled exception within 10 seconds of the last'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  protected
+    def process_each_request(provider)
+      request = nil
+
+      catch :exit do
+        provider.each do |request|
+          process_request(request)
+
+          case when_ready
+            when :reload
+              reload!
+            when :restart
+              close_connection(request)
+              restart!
+            when :exit
+              close_connection(request)
+              throw :exit
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    rescue SignalException => signal
+      raise unless signal.message == 'SIGUSR1'
+      close_connection(request)
+    end
+
+    def process_request(request)
+      @processing, @when_ready = true, nil
+      gc_countdown
+
+      with_signal_handler 'USR1' do
+        begin
+          ::Rack::Handler::FastCGI.serve(request, @app)
+        rescue SignalException, SystemExit
+          raise
+        rescue Exception => error
+          dispatcher_error error, 'unhandled dispatch error'
+        end
+      end
+    ensure
+      @processing = false
+    end
+
+    def logger
+      @logger ||= Logger.new(@log_file_path)
+    end
+
+    def dispatcher_log(level, msg)
+      time_str = Time.now.strftime("%d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S")
+      logger.send(level, "[#{time_str} :: #{$$}] #{msg}")
+    rescue Exception => log_error  # Logger errors
+      STDERR << "Couldn't write to #{@log_file_path.inspect}: #{msg}\n"
+      STDERR << "  #{log_error.class}: #{log_error.message}\n"
+    end
+
+    def dispatcher_error(e, msg = "")
+      error_message =
+        "Dispatcher failed to catch: #{e} (#{e.class})\n" +
+        "  #{e.backtrace.join("\n  ")}\n#{msg}"
+      dispatcher_log(:error, error_message)
+    end
+
+    def install_signal_handlers
+      GLOBAL_SIGNALS.each { |signal| install_signal_handler(signal) }
+    end
+
+    def install_signal_handler(signal, handler = nil)
+      if SIGNALS.include?(signal) && self.class.method_defined?(name = "#{SIGNALS[signal]}_handler")
+        handler ||= method(name).to_proc
+
+        begin
+          trap(signal, handler)
+        rescue ArgumentError
+          dispatcher_log :warn, "Ignoring unsupported signal #{signal}."
+        end
+      else
+        dispatcher_log :warn, "Ignoring unsupported signal #{signal}."
+      end
+    end
+
+    def with_signal_handler(signal)
+      install_signal_handler(signal)
+      yield
+    ensure
+      install_signal_handler(signal, 'DEFAULT')
+    end
+
+    def exit_now_handler(signal)
+      dispatcher_log :info, "asked to stop immediately"
+      exit
+    end
+
+    def exit_handler(signal)
+      dispatcher_log :info, "asked to stop ASAP"
+      if @processing
+        @when_ready = :exit
+      else
+        throw :exit
+      end
+    end
+
+    def reload_handler(signal)
+      dispatcher_log :info, "asked to reload ASAP"
+      if @processing
+        @when_ready = :reload
+      else
+        reload!
+      end
+    end
+
+    def restart_handler(signal)
+      dispatcher_log :info, "asked to restart ASAP"
+      if @processing
+        @when_ready = :restart
+      else
+        restart!
+      end
+    end
+
+    def restart!
+      config       = ::Config::CONFIG
+      ruby         = File::join(config['bindir'], config['ruby_install_name']) + config['EXEEXT']
+      command_line = [ruby, $0, ARGV].flatten.join(' ')
+
+      dispatcher_log :info, "restarted"
+
+      # close resources as they won't be closed by
+      # the OS when using exec
+      logger.close rescue nil
+      Rails.logger.close rescue nil
+
+      exec(command_line)
+    end
+
+    def reload!
+      run_gc! if gc_request_period
+      restore!
+      @when_ready = nil
+      dispatcher_log :info, "reloaded"
+    end
+
+    # Make a note of $" so we can safely reload this instance.
+    def mark_features!
+      @features = $".clone
+    end
+
+    def restore!
+      $".replace @features
+      Dispatcher.reset_application!
+      ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload
+    end
+
+    def run_gc!
+      @gc_request_countdown = gc_request_period
+      GC.enable; GC.start; GC.disable
+    end
+
+    def gc_countdown
+      if gc_request_period
+        @gc_request_countdown ||= gc_request_period
+        @gc_request_countdown -= 1
+        run_gc! if @gc_request_countdown <= 0
+      end
+    end
+
+    def close_connection(request)
+      request.finish if request
+    end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0419a4e36c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+activesupport_path = "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../../activesupport/lib"
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(activesupport_path) if File.directory?(activesupport_path)
+require 'active_support'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/metaclass'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/array'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/hash'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/string/inflections'
+
+# TODO: Do not always push on vendored thor
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift("#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib")
+require 'rails/generators/base'
+require 'rails/generators/named_base'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    DEFAULT_ALIASES = {
+      :rails => {
+        :actions => '-a',
+        :orm => '-o',
+        :resource_controller => '-c',
+        :scaffold_controller => '-c',
+        :stylesheets => '-y',
+        :template_engine => '-e',
+        :test_framework => '-t'
+      },
+
+      :test_unit => {
+        :fixture_replacement => '-r',
+      },
+
+      :plugin => {
+        :generator => '-g',
+        :tasks => '-r'
+      }
+    }
+
+    DEFAULT_OPTIONS = {
+      :active_record => {
+        :migration  => true,
+        :timestamps => true
+      },
+
+      :erb => {
+        :layout => true
+      },
+
+      :rails => {
+        :force_plural => false,
+        :helper => true,
+        :layout => true,
+        :orm => :active_record,
+        :integration_tool => :test_unit,
+        :performance_tool => :test_unit,
+        :resource_controller => :controller,
+        :scaffold_controller => :scaffold_controller,
+        :singleton => false,
+        :stylesheets => true,
+        :template_engine => :erb,
+        :test_framework => :test_unit
+      },
+
+      :test_unit => {
+        :fixture => true,
+        :fixture_replacement => nil
+      },
+
+      :plugin => {
+        :generator => false,
+        :tasks => false
+      }
+    }
+
+    def self.aliases #:nodoc:
+      @aliases ||= DEFAULT_ALIASES.dup
+    end
+
+    def self.options #:nodoc:
+      @options ||= DEFAULT_OPTIONS.dup
+    end
+
+    # We have two scenarios here: when rubygems is loaded and when bundler is
+    # being used. If rubygems is loaded, we get all generators paths from loaded
+    # specs. Otherwise we just have to look into vendor/gems/gems.
+    #
+    def self.gems_generators_paths
+      paths = []
+
+      if defined?(Gem) && Gem.respond_to?(:loaded_specs)
+        Gem.loaded_specs.each do |name, spec|
+          generator_path = File.join(spec.full_gem_path, "lib/generators")
+          paths << generator_path if File.exist?(generator_path)
+        end
+      elsif defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+        paths += Dir[File.join(RAILS_ROOT, "vendor", "gems", "gems", "*", "lib", "generators")]
+      end
+
+      paths
+    end
+
+    # Load paths from plugin.
+    #
+    def self.plugins_generators_paths
+      return [] unless defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+      Dir[File.join(RAILS_ROOT, "vendor", "plugins", "*", "lib", "generators")]
+    end
+
+    # Hold configured generators fallbacks. If a plugin developer wants a
+    # generator group to fallback to another group in case of missing generators,
+    # they can add a fallback.
+    #
+    # For example, shoulda is considered a test_framework and is an extension
+    # of test_unit. However, most part of shoulda generators are similar to
+    # test_unit ones.
+    #
+    # Shoulda then can tell generators to search for test_unit generators when
+    # some of them are not available by adding a fallback:
+    #
+    #   Rails::Generators.fallbacks[:shoulda] = :test_unit
+    #
+    def self.fallbacks
+      @fallbacks ||= {}
+    end
+
+    # Remove the color from output.
+    #
+    def self.no_color!
+      Thor::Base.shell = Thor::Shell::Basic
+    end
+
+    # Generators load paths used on lookup. The lookup happens as:
+    #
+    #   1) lib generators
+    #   2) vendor/plugin generators
+    #   3) vendor/gems generators
+    #   4) ~/rails/generators
+    #   5) rubygems generators
+    #   6) builtin generators
+    #
+    # TODO Remove hardcoded paths for all, except (6).
+    #
+    def self.load_paths
+      @load_paths ||= begin
+        paths = []
+        paths << File.join(RAILS_ROOT, "lib", "generators") if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+        paths << File.join(Thor::Util.user_home, ".rails", "generators")
+        paths += self.plugins_generators_paths
+        paths += self.gems_generators_paths
+        paths << File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "generators"))
+        paths.uniq!
+        paths
+      end
+    end
+    load_paths # Cache load paths. Needed to avoid __FILE__ pointing to wrong paths.
+
+    # Receives a namespace and tries different combinations to find a generator.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   find_by_namespace :webrat, :rails, :integration
+    #
+    # Will search for the following generators:
+    #
+    #   "rails:generators:webrat", "webrat:generators:integration", "webrat"
+    #
+    # If the namespace has ":" included we consider that a absolute namespace
+    # was given and the lookup above does not happen. Just the name is searched.
+    #
+    # Finally, it deals with one kind of shortcut:
+    #
+    #   find_by_namespace "test_unit:model"
+    #
+    # It will search for generators at:
+    #
+    #   "test_unit:generators:model", "test_unit:model"
+    #
+    def self.find_by_namespace(name, base=nil, context=nil) #:nodoc:
+      name, attempts = name.to_s, []
+
+      case name.count(':')
+        when 1
+          base, name = name.split(':')
+          return find_by_namespace(name, base)
+        when 0
+          attempts << "#{base}:generators:#{name}"    if base
+          attempts << "#{name}:generators:#{context}" if context
+      end
+
+      attempts << name
+      unloaded = attempts - namespaces
+      lookup(unloaded)
+
+      attempts.each do |namespace|
+        klass = Thor::Util.find_by_namespace(namespace)
+        return klass if klass
+      end
+
+      invoke_fallbacks_for(name, base)
+    end
+
+    # Receives a namespace, arguments and the behavior to invoke the generator.
+    # It's used as the default entry point for generate, destroy and update
+    # commands.
+    #
+    def self.invoke(namespace, args=ARGV, config={})
+      if klass = find_by_namespace(namespace, "rails")
+        args << "--help" if klass.arguments.any? { |a| a.required? } && args.empty?
+        klass.start args, config
+      else
+        puts "Could not find generator #{namespace}."
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Show help message with available generators.
+    #
+    def self.help
+      rails = Rails::Generators.builtin.map do |group, name|
+        name if group == "rails"
+      end
+      rails.compact!
+      rails.sort!
+
+      puts "Please select a generator."
+      puts "Builtin: #{rails.join(', ')}."
+
+      # Load paths and remove builtin
+      paths, others = load_paths.dup, []
+      paths.pop
+
+      paths.each do |path|
+        tail = [ "*", "*", "*_generator.rb" ]
+
+        until tail.empty?
+          others += Dir[File.join(path, *tail)].collect do |file|
+            file.split('/')[-tail.size, 2].join(':').sub(/_generator\.rb$/, '')
+          end
+          tail.shift
+        end
+      end
+
+      others.sort!
+      puts "Others: #{others.join(', ')}." unless others.empty?
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # Return all defined namespaces.
+      #
+      def self.namespaces #:nodoc:
+        Thor::Base.subclasses.map{ |klass| klass.namespace }
+      end
+
+      # Keep builtin generators in an Array[Array[group, name]].
+      #
+      def self.builtin #:nodoc:
+        Dir[File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/generators/*/*'].collect do |file|
+          file.split('/')[-2, 2]
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Try callbacks for the given base.
+      #
+      def self.invoke_fallbacks_for(name, base)
+        return nil unless base && fallbacks[base.to_sym]
+        invoked_fallbacks = []
+
+        Array(fallbacks[base.to_sym]).each do |fallback|
+          next if invoked_fallbacks.include?(fallback)
+          invoked_fallbacks << fallback
+
+          klass = find_by_namespace(name, fallback)
+          return klass if klass
+        end
+
+        nil
+      end
+
+      # Receives namespaces in an array and tries to find matching generators
+      # in the load path.
+      #
+      def self.lookup(attempts) #:nodoc:
+        attempts = attempts.map { |a| "#{a.split(":").last}_generator" }.uniq
+        attempts = "{#{attempts.join(',')}}.rb"
+
+        self.load_paths.each do |path|
+          Dir[File.join(path, '**', attempts)].each do |file|
+            begin
+              require file
+            rescue Exception => e
+              warn "[WARNING] Could not load generator at #{file.inspect}. Error: #{e.message}"
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4552dd399
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+require 'open-uri'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    module Actions
+
+      # Install a plugin. You must provide either a Subversion url or Git url.
+      #
+      # For a Git-hosted plugin, you can specify a branch and
+      # whether it should be added as a submodule instead of cloned.
+      #
+      # For a Subversion-hosted plugin you can specify a revision.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   plugin 'restful-authentication', :git => 'git://github.com/technoweenie/restful-authentication.git'
+      #   plugin 'restful-authentication', :git => 'git://github.com/technoweenie/restful-authentication.git', :branch => 'stable'
+      #   plugin 'restful-authentication', :git => 'git://github.com/technoweenie/restful-authentication.git', :submodule => true
+      #   plugin 'restful-authentication', :svn => 'svn://svnhub.com/technoweenie/restful-authentication/trunk'
+      #   plugin 'restful-authentication', :svn => 'svn://svnhub.com/technoweenie/restful-authentication/trunk', :revision => 1234
+      #
+      def plugin(name, options)
+        log :plugin, name
+
+        if options[:git] && options[:submodule]
+          options[:git] = "-b #{options[:branch]} #{options[:git]}" if options[:branch]
+          in_root do
+            run "git submodule add #{options[:git]} vendor/plugins/#{name}", :verbose => false
+          end
+        elsif options[:git] || options[:svn]
+          options[:git] = "-b #{options[:branch]} #{options[:git]}"   if options[:branch]
+          options[:svn] = "-r #{options[:revision]} #{options[:svn]}" if options[:revision]
+          in_root do
+            run_ruby_script "script/plugin install #{options[:svn] || options[:git]}", :verbose => false
+          end
+        else
+          log "! no git or svn provided for #{name}. Skipping..."
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Adds an entry into config/environment.rb for the supplied gem. If env
+      # is specified, add the gem to the given environment.
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      #
+      #   gem "rspec", :env => :test
+      #   gem "technoweenie-restful-authentication", :lib => "restful-authentication", :source => "http://gems.github.com/"
+      #
+      def gem(name, options={})
+        log :gem, name
+        env = options.delete(:env)
+
+        gems_code = "config.gem '#{name}'"
+
+        if options.any?
+          opts = options.inject([]) {|result, h| result << [":#{h[0]} => #{h[1].inspect.gsub('"',"'")}"] }.sort.join(", ")
+          gems_code << ", #{opts}"
+        end
+
+        environment gems_code, :env => env
+      end
+
+      # Adds a line inside the Initializer block for config/environment.rb.
+      #
+      # If options :env is specified, the line is appended to the corresponding
+      # file in config/environments.
+      #
+      def environment(data=nil, options={}, &block)
+        sentinel = "Rails::Initializer.run do |config|"
+        data = block.call if !data && block_given?
+
+        in_root do
+          if options[:env].nil?
+            inject_into_file 'config/environment.rb', "\n  #{data}", :after => sentinel, :verbose => false
+          else
+            Array.wrap(options[:env]).each do|env|
+              append_file "config/environments/#{env}.rb", "\n#{data}", :verbose => false
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Run a command in git.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   git :init
+      #   git :add => "this.file that.rb"
+      #   git :add => "onefile.rb", :rm => "badfile.cxx"
+      #
+      def git(command={})
+        if command.is_a?(Symbol)
+          run "git #{command}"
+        else
+          command.each do |command, options|
+            run "git #{command} #{options}"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Create a new file in the vendor/ directory. Code can be specified
+      # in a block or a data string can be given.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   vendor("sekrit.rb") do
+      #     sekrit_salt = "#{Time.now}--#{3.years.ago}--#{rand}--"
+      #     "salt = '#{sekrit_salt}'"
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   vendor("foreign.rb", "# Foreign code is fun")
+      #
+      def vendor(filename, data=nil, &block)
+        log :vendor, filename
+        create_file("vendor/#{filename}", data, :verbose => false, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Create a new file in the lib/ directory. Code can be specified
+      # in a block or a data string can be given.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   lib("crypto.rb") do
+      #     "crypted_special_value = '#{rand}--#{Time.now}--#{rand(1337)}--'"
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   lib("foreign.rb", "# Foreign code is fun")
+      #
+      def lib(filename, data=nil, &block)
+        log :lib, filename
+        create_file("lib/#{filename}", data, :verbose => false, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Create a new Rakefile with the provided code (either in a block or a string).
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   rakefile("bootstrap.rake") do
+      #     project = ask("What is the UNIX name of your project?")
+      #
+      #     <<-TASK
+      #       namespace :#{project} do
+      #         task :bootstrap do
+      #           puts "i like boots!"
+      #         end
+      #       end
+      #     TASK
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   rakefile("seed.rake", "puts 'im plantin ur seedz'")
+      #
+      def rakefile(filename, data=nil, &block)
+        log :rakefile, filename
+        create_file("lib/tasks/#{filename}", data, :verbose => false, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Create a new initializer with the provided code (either in a block or a string).
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   initializer("globals.rb") do
+      #     data = ""
+      #
+      #     ['MY_WORK', 'ADMINS', 'BEST_COMPANY_EVAR'].each do
+      #       data << "#{const} = :entp"
+      #     end
+      #
+      #     data
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   initializer("api.rb", "API_KEY = '123456'")
+      #
+      def initializer(filename, data=nil, &block)
+        log :initializer, filename
+        create_file("config/initializers/#{filename}", data, :verbose => false, &block)
+      end
+
+      # Generate something using a generator from Rails or a plugin.
+      # The second parameter is the argument string that is passed to
+      # the generator or an Array that is joined.
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      #
+      #   generate(:authenticated, "user session")
+      #
+      def generate(what, *args)
+        log :generate, what
+        argument = args.map {|arg| arg.to_s }.flatten.join(" ")
+
+        in_root { run_ruby_script("script/generate #{what} #{argument}", :verbose => false) }
+      end
+
+      # Runs the supplied rake task
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      #
+      #   rake("db:migrate")
+      #   rake("db:migrate", :env => "production")
+      #   rake("gems:install", :sudo => true)
+      #
+      def rake(command, options={})
+        log :rake, command
+        env  = options[:env] || 'development'
+        sudo = options[:sudo] && RUBY_PLATFORM !~ /mswin|mingw/ ? 'sudo ' : ''
+        in_root { run("#{sudo}#{extify(:rake)} #{command} RAILS_ENV=#{env}", :verbose => false) }
+      end
+
+      # Just run the capify command in root
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      #
+      #   capify!
+      #
+      def capify!
+        log :capify, ""
+        in_root { run("#{extify(:capify)} .", :verbose => false) }
+      end
+
+      # Add Rails to /vendor/rails
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      #
+      #   freeze!
+      #
+      def freeze!(args = {})
+        log :vendor, "rails"
+        in_root { run("#{extify(:rake)} rails:freeze:edge", :verbose => false) }
+      end
+
+      # Make an entry in Rails routing file conifg/routes.rb
+      #
+      # === Example
+      #
+      #   route "map.root :controller => :welcome"
+      #
+      def route(routing_code)
+        log :route, routing_code
+        sentinel = "ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|"
+
+        in_root do
+          inject_into_file 'config/routes.rb', "\n  #{routing_code}\n", { :after => sentinel, :verbose => false }
+        end
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Define log for backwards compatibility. If just one argument is sent,
+        # invoke say, otherwise invoke say_status.
+        #
+        def log(*args)
+          if args.size == 1
+            say args.first.to_s
+          else
+            say_status *args
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Add an extension to the given name based on the platform.
+        #
+        def extify(name)
+          if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /mswin|mingw/
+            "#{name}.bat"
+          else
+            name
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_model.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_model.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a849a0e02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_model.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    # ActiveModel is a class to be implemented by each ORM to allow Rails to
+    # generate customized controller code.
+    #
+    # The API has the same methods as ActiveRecord, but each method returns a
+    # string that matches the ORM API.
+    #
+    # For example:
+    #
+    #   ActiveRecord::Generators::ActiveModel.find(Foo, "params[:id]")
+    #   #=> "Foo.find(params[:id])"
+    #
+    #   Datamapper::Generators::ActiveModel.find(Foo, "params[:id]")
+    #   #=> "Foo.get(params[:id])"
+    #
+    # On initialization, the ActiveModel accepts the instance name that will
+    # receive the calls:
+    #
+    #   builder = ActiveRecord::Generators::ActiveModel.new "@foo"
+    #   builder.save #=> "@foo.save"
+    #
+    # The only exception in ActiveModel for ActiveRecord is the use of self.build
+    # instead of self.new.
+    #
+    class ActiveModel
+      attr_reader :name
+
+      def initialize(name)
+        @name = name
+      end
+
+      # GET index
+      def self.all(klass)
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # GET show
+      # GET edit
+      # PUT update
+      # DELETE destroy
+      def self.find(klass, params=nil)
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # GET new
+      # POST create
+      def self.build(klass, params=nil)
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # POST create
+      def save
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # PUT update
+      def update_attributes(params=nil)
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # POST create
+      # PUT update
+      def errors
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      # DELETE destroy
+      def destroy
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c03ea59c1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+require 'rails/generators/named_base'
+require 'rails/generators/migration'
+require 'rails/generators/active_model'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Generators
+    class Base < Rails::Generators::NamedBase #:nodoc:
+      include Rails::Generators::Migration
+
+      protected
+        # Implement the required interface for Rails::Generators::Migration.
+        #
+        def next_migration_number(dirname) #:nodoc:
+          if ActiveRecord::Base.timestamped_migrations
+            Time.now.utc.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
+          else
+            "%.3d" % (current_migration_number(dirname) + 1)
+          end
+        end
+    end
+
+    class ActiveModel < Rails::Generators::ActiveModel #:nodoc:
+      def self.all(klass)
+        "#{klass}.all"
+      end
+
+      def self.find(klass, params=nil)
+        "#{klass}.find(#{params})"
+      end
+
+      def self.build(klass, params=nil)
+        if params
+          "#{klass}.new(#{params})"
+        else
+          "#{klass}.new"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def save
+        "#{name}.save"
+      end
+
+      def update_attributes(params=nil)
+        "#{name}.update_attributes(#{params})"
+      end
+
+      def errors
+        "#{name}.errors"
+      end
+
+      def destroy
+        "#{name}.destroy"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6159deeeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/migration_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+require 'rails/generators/active_record'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Generators
+    class MigrationGenerator < Base
+      argument :attributes, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "field:type field:type"
+
+      def create_migration_file
+        set_local_assigns!
+        migration_template "migration.rb", "db/migrate/#{file_name}.rb"
+      end
+
+      protected
+        attr_reader :migration_action
+
+        def set_local_assigns!
+          if file_name =~ /^(add|remove)_.*_(?:to|from)_(.*)/
+            @migration_action = $1
+            @table_name       = $2.pluralize
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/templates/migration.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/templates/migration.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbb7c53d86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/migration/templates/migration.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+class <%= migration_class_name %> < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  def self.up<% attributes.each do |attribute| %>
+    <%= migration_action %>_column :<%= table_name %>, :<%= attribute.name %><% if migration_action == 'add' %>, :<%= attribute.type %><% end -%>
+  <%- end %>
+  end
+
+  def self.down<% attributes.reverse.each do |attribute| %>
+    <%= migration_action == 'add' ? 'remove' : 'add' %>_column :<%= table_name %>, :<%= attribute.name %><% if migration_action == 'remove' %>, :<%= attribute.type %><% end -%>
+  <%- end %>
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e72fbeca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/model_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+require 'rails/generators/active_record'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Generators
+    class ModelGenerator < Base
+      argument :attributes, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "field:type field:type"
+
+      check_class_collision
+
+      class_option :migration,  :type => :boolean
+      class_option :timestamps, :type => :boolean
+      class_option :parent,     :type => :string, :desc => "The parent class for the generated model"
+
+      def create_migration_file
+        return unless options[:migration] && options[:parent].nil?
+        migration_template "migration.rb", "db/migrate/create_#{table_name}.rb"
+      end
+
+      def create_model_file
+        template 'model.rb', File.join('app/models', class_path, "#{file_name}.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :test_framework
+
+      protected
+
+        def parent_class_name
+          options[:parent] || "ActiveRecord::Base"
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/templates/migration.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/templates/migration.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f68487304
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/templates/migration.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+class <%= migration_class_name %> < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  def self.up
+    create_table :<%= table_name %> do |t|
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+      t.<%= attribute.type %> :<%= attribute.name %>
+<% end -%>
+<% if options[:timestamps] %>
+      t.timestamps
+<% end -%>
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.down
+    drop_table :<%= table_name %>
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/templates/model.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/templates/model.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21ae29e9f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/model/templates/model.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+class <%= class_name %> < <%= parent_class_name.classify %>
+<% attributes.select {|attr| attr.reference? }.each do |attribute| -%>
+  belongs_to :<%= attribute.name %>
+<% end -%>
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/observer/observer_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/observer/observer_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c1c0e3f25b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/observer/observer_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+require 'rails/generators/active_record'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Generators
+    class ObserverGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Observer"
+
+      def create_observer_file
+        template 'observer.rb', File.join('app/models', class_path, "#{file_name}_observer.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :test_framework
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/observer/templates/observer.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/observer/templates/observer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9a3004161
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/observer/templates/observer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+class <%= class_name %>Observer < ActiveRecord::Observer
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/session_migration/session_migration_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/session_migration/session_migration_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..afcda2a98a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/session_migration/session_migration_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+require 'rails/generators/active_record'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Generators
+    class SessionMigrationGenerator < Base
+      argument :name, :type => :string, :default => "add_sessions_table"
+
+      def create_migration_file
+        migration_template "migration.rb", "db/migrate/#{file_name}.rb"
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def session_table_name
+          current_table_name = ActiveRecord::SessionStore::Session.table_name
+          if ["sessions", "session"].include?(current_table_name)
+            current_table_name = (ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names ? 'session'.pluralize : 'session')
+          end
+          current_table_name
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/session_migration/templates/migration.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/session_migration/templates/migration.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..919822af7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/active_record/session_migration/templates/migration.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+class <%= migration_class_name %> < ActiveRecord::Migration
+  def self.up
+    create_table :<%= session_table_name %> do |t|
+      t.string :session_id, :null => false
+      t.text :data
+      t.timestamps
+    end
+
+    add_index :<%= session_table_name %>, :session_id
+    add_index :<%= session_table_name %>, :updated_at
+  end
+
+  def self.down
+    drop_table :<%= session_table_name %>
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/base.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..720caa5b3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+require 'thor'
+require 'rails/generators/actions'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class Error < Thor::Error
+    end
+
+    class Base < Thor::Group
+      include Thor::Actions
+      include Rails::Generators::Actions
+
+      add_runtime_options!
+
+      # Automatically sets the source root based on the class name.
+      #
+      def self.source_root
+        @_rails_source_root ||= File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),
+                                                 base_name, generator_name, 'templates'))
+      end
+
+      # Tries to get the description from a USAGE file one folder above the source
+      # root otherwise uses a default description.
+      #
+      def self.desc(description=nil)
+        return super if description
+        usage = File.expand_path(File.join(source_root, "..", "USAGE"))
+
+        @desc ||= if File.exist?(usage)
+          File.read(usage)
+        else
+          "Description:\n    Create #{base_name.humanize.downcase} files for #{generator_name} generator."
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Convenience method to get the namespace from the class name. It's the
+      # same as Thor default except that the Generator at the end of the class
+      # is removed.
+      #
+      def self.namespace(name=nil)
+        return super if name
+        @namespace ||= super.sub(/_generator$/, '')
+      end
+
+      # Invoke a generator based on the value supplied by the user to the
+      # given option named "name". A class option is created when this method
+      # is invoked and you can set a hash to customize it.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   module Rails::Generators
+      #     class ControllerGenerator < Base
+      #       hook_for :test_framework, :aliases => "-t"
+      #     end
+      #   end
+      #
+      # The example above will create a test framework option and will invoke
+      # a generator based on the user supplied value.
+      #
+      # For example, if the user invoke the controller generator as:
+      #
+      #   ruby script/generate controller Account --test-framework=test_unit
+      #
+      # The controller generator will then try to invoke the following generators:
+      #
+      #   "rails:generators:test_unit", "test_unit:generators:controller", "test_unit"
+      #
+      # In this case, the "test_unit:generators:controller" is available and is
+      # invoked. This allows any test framework to hook into Rails as long as it
+      # provides any of the hooks above.
+      #
+      # ==== Options
+      #
+      # This lookup can be customized with two options: :base and :as. The first
+      # is the root module value and in the example above defaults to "rails".
+      # The later defaults to the generator name, without the "Generator" ending.
+      #
+      # Let's suppose you are creating a generator that needs to invoke the 
+      # controller generator from test unit. Your first attempt is:
+      #
+      #   class AwesomeGenerator < Rails::Generators::Base
+      #     hook_for :test_framework
+      #   end
+      #
+      # The lookup in this case for test_unit as input is:
+      #
+      #   "test_unit:generators:awesome", "test_unit"
+      #
+      # Which is not the desired the lookup. You can change it by providing the
+      # :as option:
+      #
+      #   class AwesomeGenerator < Rails::Generators::Base
+      #     hook_for :test_framework, :as => :controller
+      #   end
+      #
+      # And now it will lookup at:
+      #
+      #   "test_unit:generators:awesome", "test_unit"
+      #
+      # Similarly, if you want it to also lookup in the rails namespace, you just
+      # need to provide the :base value:
+      #
+      #   class AwesomeGenerator < Rails::Generators::Base
+      #     hook_for :test_framework, :base => :rails, :as => :controller
+      #   end
+      #
+      # And the lookup is exactly the same as previously:
+      #
+      #   "rails:generators:test_unit", "test_unit:generators:controller", "test_unit"
+      #
+      # ==== Switches
+      #
+      # All hooks come with switches for user interface. If the user don't want
+      # to use any test framework, he can do:
+      #
+      #   ruby script/generate controller Account --skip-test-framework
+      #
+      # Or similarly:
+      #
+      #   ruby script/generate controller Account --no-test-framework
+      #
+      # ==== Boolean hooks
+      #
+      # In some cases, you want to provide a boolean hook. For example, webrat
+      # developers might want to have webrat available on controller generator.
+      # This can be achieved as:
+      #
+      #   Rails::Generators::ControllerGenerator.hook_for :webrat, :type => :boolean
+      #
+      # Then, if you want, webrat to be invoked, just supply:
+      #
+      #   ruby script/generate controller Account --webrat
+      #
+      # The hooks lookup is similar as above:
+      #
+      #   "rails:generators:webrat", "webrat:generators:controller", "webrat"
+      #
+      # ==== Custom invocations
+      #
+      # You can also supply a block to hook_for to customize how the hook is
+      # going to be invoked. The block receives two parameters, an instance
+      # of the current class and the klass to be invoked.
+      #
+      # For example, in the resource generator, the controller should be invoked
+      # with a pluralized class name. By default, it is invoked with the same
+      # name as the resource generator, which is singular. To change this, we
+      # can give a block to customize how the controller can be invoked.
+      #
+      #   hook_for :resource_controller do |instance, controller|
+      #     instance.invoke controller, [ instance.name.pluralize ]
+      #   end
+      #
+      def self.hook_for(*names, &block)
+        options = names.extract_options!
+        in_base = options.delete(:in) || base_name
+        as_hook = options.delete(:as) || generator_name
+
+        names.each do |name|
+          defaults = if options[:type] == :boolean
+            { }
+          elsif [true, false].include?(default_value_for_option(name, options))
+            { :banner => "" }
+          else
+            { :desc => "#{name.to_s.humanize} to be invoked", :banner => "NAME" }
+          end
+
+          unless class_options.key?(name)
+            class_option name, defaults.merge!(options)
+          end
+
+          hooks[name] = [ in_base, as_hook ]
+          invoke_from_option name, options, &block
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Remove a previously added hook.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   remove_hook_for :orm
+      #
+      def self.remove_hook_for(*names)
+        remove_invocation *names
+
+        names.each do |name|
+          hooks.delete(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Make class option aware of Rails::Generators.options and Rails::Generators.aliases.
+      #
+      def self.class_option(name, options={}) #:nodoc:
+        options[:desc]    = "Indicates when to generate #{name.to_s.humanize.downcase}" unless options.key?(:desc)
+        options[:aliases] = default_aliases_for_option(name, options)
+        options[:default] = default_value_for_option(name, options)
+        super(name, options)
+      end
+
+      # Cache source root and add lib/generators/base/generator/templates to
+      # source paths.
+      #
+      def self.inherited(base) #:nodoc:
+        super
+        base.source_root # Cache source root
+
+        if defined?(RAILS_ROOT) && base.name !~ /Base$/
+          path = File.expand_path(File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'lib', 'templates'))
+          if base.name.include?('::')
+            base.source_paths << File.join(path, base.base_name, base.generator_name)
+          else
+            base.source_paths << File.join(path, base.generator_name)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Check whether the given class names are already taken by user
+        # application or Ruby on Rails.
+        #
+        def class_collisions(*class_names) #:nodoc:
+          return unless behavior == :invoke
+
+          class_names.flatten.each do |class_name|
+            class_name = class_name.to_s
+            next if class_name.strip.empty?
+
+            # Split the class from its module nesting
+            nesting = class_name.split('::')
+            last_name = nesting.pop
+
+            # Hack to limit const_defined? to non-inherited on 1.9
+            extra = []
+            extra << false unless Object.method(:const_defined?).arity == 1
+
+            # Extract the last Module in the nesting
+            last = nesting.inject(Object) do |last, nest|
+              break unless last.const_defined?(nest, *extra)
+              last.const_get(nest)
+            end
+
+            if last && last.const_defined?(last_name.camelize, *extra)
+              raise Error, "The name '#{class_name}' is either already used in your application " <<
+                           "or reserved by Ruby on Rails. Please choose an alternative and run "  <<
+                           "this generator again."
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Use Rails default banner.
+        #
+        def self.banner
+          "#{$0} #{generator_name} #{self.arguments.map{ |a| a.usage }.join(' ')} [options]"
+        end
+
+        # Sets the base_name taking into account the current class namespace.
+        #
+        def self.base_name
+          @base_name ||= self.name.split('::').first.underscore
+        end
+
+        # Removes the namespaces and get the generator name. For example,
+        # Rails::Generators::MetalGenerator will return "metal" as generator name.
+        #
+        def self.generator_name
+          @generator_name ||= begin
+            klass_name = self.name.split('::').last
+            klass_name.sub!(/Generator$/, '')
+            klass_name.underscore
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Return the default value for the option name given doing a lookup in
+        # Rails::Generators.options.
+        #
+        def self.default_value_for_option(name, options)
+          config = Rails::Generators.options
+          generator, base = generator_name.to_sym, base_name.to_sym
+
+          if config[generator] && config[generator].key?(name)
+            config[generator][name]
+          elsif config[base] && config[base].key?(name)
+            config[base][name]
+          elsif config[:rails].key?(name)
+            config[:rails][name]
+          else
+            options[:default]
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Return default aliases for the option name given doing a lookup in
+        # Rails::Generators.aliases.
+        #
+        def self.default_aliases_for_option(name, options)
+          config = Rails::Generators.aliases
+          generator, base = generator_name.to_sym, base_name.to_sym
+
+          if config[generator] && config[generator].key?(name)
+            config[generator][name]
+          elsif config[base] && config[base].key?(name)
+            config[base][name]
+          elsif config[:rails].key?(name)
+            config[:rails][name]
+          else
+            options[:aliases]
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Keep hooks configuration that are used on prepare_for_invocation.
+        #
+        def self.hooks #:nodoc:
+          @hooks ||= from_superclass(:hooks, {})
+        end
+
+        # Prepare class invocation to search on Rails namespace if a previous
+        # added hook is being used.
+        #
+        def self.prepare_for_invocation(name, value) #:nodoc:
+          if value && constants = self.hooks[name]
+            Rails::Generators.find_by_namespace(value, *constants)
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Small macro to add ruby as an option to the generator with proper
+        # default value plus an instance helper method called shebang.
+        #
+        def self.add_shebang_option!
+          class_option :ruby, :type => :string, :aliases => "-r", :default => Thor::Util.ruby_command,
+                              :desc => "Path to the Ruby binary of your choice", :banner => "PATH"
+
+          no_tasks {
+            define_method :shebang do
+              @shebang ||= begin
+                command = if options[:ruby] == Thor::Util.ruby_command
+                  "/usr/bin/env #{File.basename(Thor::Util.ruby_command)}"
+                else
+                  options[:ruby]
+                end
+                "#!#{command}"
+              end
+            end
+          }
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d468d012dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'rails/generators/named_base'
+
+module Erb
+  module Generators
+    class Base < Rails::Generators::NamedBase #:nodoc:
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/controller/controller_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/controller/controller_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8780d9c33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/controller/controller_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+require 'rails/generators/erb'
+
+module Erb
+  module Generators
+    class ControllerGenerator < Base
+      argument :actions, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "action action"
+
+      def create_view_files
+        base_path = File.join("app/views", class_path, file_name)
+        empty_directory base_path
+
+        actions.each do |action|
+          @action = action
+          @path   = File.join(base_path, "#{action}.html.erb")
+
+          template 'view.html.erb', @path
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/controller/templates/view.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/controller/templates/view.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cd54d13d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/controller/templates/view.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<h1><%= class_name %>#<%= @action %></h1>
+<p>Find me in <%= @path %></p>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/mailer/mailer_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/mailer/mailer_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5266259e2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/mailer/mailer_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+require 'rails/generators/erb'
+
+module Erb
+  module Generators
+    class MailerGenerator < Base
+      argument :actions, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "method method"
+
+      def create_view_folder
+        empty_directory File.join("app/views", file_path)
+      end
+
+      def create_view_files
+        actions.each do |action|
+          @action, @path = action, File.join(file_path, action)
+          template "view.erb", File.join("app/views", "#{@path}.erb")
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/mailer/templates/view.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/mailer/templates/view.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fcce7bd805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/mailer/templates/view.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= class_name %>#<%= @action %>
+
+Find me in app/views/<%= @path %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de5b0e9c5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+require 'rails/generators/erb'
+require 'rails/generators/resource_helpers'
+
+module Erb
+  module Generators
+    class ScaffoldGenerator < Base
+      include Rails::Generators::ResourceHelpers
+
+      argument :attributes, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "field:type field:type"
+
+      class_option :layout,    :type => :boolean
+      class_option :singleton, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Supply to skip index view"
+
+      def create_root_folder
+        empty_directory File.join("app/views", controller_file_path)
+      end
+
+      def copy_index_file
+        return if options[:singleton]
+        copy_view :index
+      end
+
+      def copy_edit_file
+        copy_view :edit
+      end
+
+      def copy_show_file
+        copy_view :show
+      end
+
+      def copy_new_file
+        copy_view :new
+      end
+
+      def copy_form_file
+        copy_view :_form
+      end
+
+      def copy_layout_file
+        return unless options[:layout]
+        template "layout.html.erb",
+                 File.join("app/views/layouts", controller_class_path, "#{controller_file_name}.html.erb")
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def copy_view(view)
+          template "#{view}.html.erb", File.join("app/views", controller_file_path, "#{view}.html.erb")
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/_form.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/_form.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d02028d983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/_form.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<%% form_for(@<%= singular_name %>) do |f| %>
+  <%%= f.error_messages %>
+
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+  <div class="field">
+    <%%= f.label :<%= attribute.name %> %><br />
+    <%%= f.<%= attribute.field_type %> :<%= attribute.name %> %>
+  </div>
+<% end -%>
+  <div class="actions">
+    <%% if @<%= singular_name %>.new_record? %>
+      <%%= f.submit 'Create' %>
+    <%% else %>
+      <%%= f.submit 'Update' %>
+    <%% end %>
+  </div>
+<%% end %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/edit.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/edit.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5bc507ffc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/edit.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<h1>Editing <%= singular_name %></h1>
+
+<%%= render 'form' %>
+
+<%%= link_to 'Show', @<%= singular_name %> %> |
+<%%= link_to 'Back', <%= plural_name %>_path %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/index.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/index.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e6a4af9e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/index.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<h1>Listing <%= plural_name %></h1>
+
+<table>
+  <tr>
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+    <th><%= attribute.human_name %></th>
+<% end -%>
+    <th></th>
+    <th></th>
+    <th></th>
+  </tr>
+
+<%% @<%= plural_name %>.each do |<%= singular_name %>| %>
+  <tr>
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+    <td><%%=h <%= singular_name %>.<%= attribute.name %> %></td>
+<% end -%>
+    <td><%%= link_to 'Show', <%= singular_name %> %></td>
+    <td><%%= link_to 'Edit', edit_<%= singular_name %>_path(<%= singular_name %>) %></td>
+    <td><%%= link_to 'Destroy', <%= singular_name %>, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete %></td>
+  </tr>
+<%% end %>
+</table>
+
+<br />
+
+<%%= link_to 'New <%= singular_name %>', new_<%= singular_name %>_path %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/layout.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/layout.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6460e5b599
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/layout.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
+  <title><%= controller_class_name %>: <%%= controller.action_name %></title>
+  <%%= stylesheet_link_tag 'scaffold' %>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<p class="notice"><%%= flash[:notice] %></p>
+
+<%%= yield %>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/new.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/new.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a1c489331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/new.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<h1>New <%= singular_name %></h1>
+
+<%%= render 'form' %>
+
+<%%= link_to 'Back', <%= plural_name %>_path %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/show.html.erb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/show.html.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..25567957be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/erb/scaffold/templates/show.html.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+<p>
+  <b><%= attribute.human_name %>:</b>
+  <%%=h @<%= singular_name %>.<%= attribute.name %> %>
+</p>
+
+<% end -%>
+
+<%%= link_to 'Edit', edit_<%= singular_name %>_path(@<%= singular_name %>) %> |
+<%%= link_to 'Back', <%= plural_name %>_path %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/generated_attribute.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/generated_attribute.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e962308585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/generated_attribute.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class GeneratedAttribute
+      attr_accessor :name, :type
+
+      def initialize(name, type)
+        @name, @type = name, type.to_sym
+      end
+
+      def field_type
+        @field_type ||= case type
+          when :integer, :float, :decimal   then :text_field
+          when :datetime, :timestamp, :time then :datetime_select
+          when :date                        then :date_select
+          when :string                      then :text_field
+          when :text                        then :text_area
+          when :boolean                     then :check_box
+          else
+            :text_field
+        end
+      end
+
+      def default
+        @default ||= case type
+          when :integer                     then 1
+          when :float                       then 1.5
+          when :decimal                     then "9.99"
+          when :datetime, :timestamp, :time then Time.now.to_s(:db)
+          when :date                        then Date.today.to_s(:db)
+          when :string                      then "MyString"
+          when :text                        then "MyText"
+          when :boolean                     then false
+          when :references, :belongs_to     then nil
+          else
+            ""
+        end
+      end
+
+      def human_name
+        name.to_s.humanize
+      end
+
+      def reference?
+        [ :references, :belongs_to ].include?(self.type)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/migration.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/migration.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a9151ecdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/migration.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    # Holds common methods for migrations. It assumes that migrations has the
+    # [0-9]*_name format and can be used by another frameworks (like Sequel)
+    # just by implementing the next migration number method.
+    #
+    module Migration
+      def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
+        base.send :attr_reader, :migration_number,
+                                :migration_file_name,
+                                :migration_class_name
+      end
+
+      # Creates a migration template at the given destination. The difference
+      # to the default template method is that the migration number is appended
+      # to the destination file name.
+      #
+      # The migration number, migration file name, migration class name are
+      # available as instance variables in the template to be rendered.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   migration_template "migration.rb", "db/migrate/add_foo_to_bar.rb"
+      #
+      def migration_template(source, destination=nil, config={})
+        destination = File.expand_path(destination || source, self.destination_root)
+
+        migration_dir = File.dirname(destination)
+        @migration_number     = next_migration_number(migration_dir)
+        @migration_file_name  = File.basename(destination).sub(/\.rb$/, '')
+        @migration_class_name = @migration_file_name.camelize
+
+        destination = migration_exists?(migration_dir, @migration_file_name)
+
+        if behavior == :invoke
+          raise Error, "Another migration is already named #{@migration_file_name}: #{destination}" if destination
+          destination = File.join(migration_dir, "#{@migration_number}_#{@migration_file_name}.rb")
+        end
+
+        template(source, destination, config)
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def migration_lookup_at(dirname) #:nodoc:
+          Dir.glob("#{dirname}/[0-9]*_*.rb")
+        end
+
+        def migration_exists?(dirname, file_name) #:nodoc:
+          migration_lookup_at(dirname).grep(/\d+_#{file_name}.rb$/).first
+        end
+
+        def current_migration_number(dirname) #:nodoc:
+          migration_lookup_at(dirname).collect do |file|
+            File.basename(file).split("_").first.to_i
+          end.max.to_i
+        end
+
+        def next_migration_number(dirname) #:nodoc:
+          raise NotImplementError
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/named_base.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/named_base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0e5976f915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/named_base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+require 'rails/generators/base'
+require 'rails/generators/generated_attribute'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class NamedBase < Base
+      argument :name, :type => :string
+
+      attr_reader :class_name, :singular_name, :plural_name, :table_name,
+                  :class_path, :file_path, :class_nesting_depth
+
+      alias :file_name :singular_name
+
+      def initialize(*args) #:nodoc:
+        super
+        assign_names!(self.name)
+        parse_attributes! if respond_to?(:attributes)
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def assign_names!(given_name) #:nodoc:
+          base_name, @class_path, @file_path, class_nesting, @class_nesting_depth = extract_modules(given_name)
+          class_name_without_nesting, @singular_name, @plural_name = inflect_names(base_name)
+
+          @table_name = if pluralize_table_names?
+            plural_name
+          else
+            singular_name
+          end
+
+          if class_nesting.empty?
+            @class_name = class_name_without_nesting
+          else
+            @table_name = class_nesting.underscore << "_" << @table_name
+            @class_name = "#{class_nesting}::#{class_name_without_nesting}"
+          end
+
+          @table_name.gsub!('/', '_')
+        end
+
+        # Convert attributes hash into an array with GeneratedAttribute objects.
+        #
+        def parse_attributes! #:nodoc:
+          self.attributes = (attributes || []).map do |key_value|
+            name, type = key_value.split(':')
+            Rails::Generators::GeneratedAttribute.new(name, type)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Extract modules from filesystem-style or ruby-style path. Both
+        # good/fun/stuff and Good::Fun::Stuff produce the same results.
+        #
+        def extract_modules(name) #:nodoc:
+          modules = name.include?('/') ? name.split('/') : name.split('::')
+          name    = modules.pop
+          path    = modules.map { |m| m.underscore }
+
+          file_path = (path + [name.underscore]).join('/')
+          nesting   = modules.map { |m| m.camelize }.join('::')
+
+          [name, path, file_path, nesting, modules.size]
+        end
+
+        # Receives name and return camelized, underscored and pluralized names.
+        #
+        def inflect_names(name) #:nodoc:
+          camel  = name.camelize
+          under  = camel.underscore
+          plural = under.pluralize
+          [camel, under, plural]
+        end
+
+        def pluralize_table_names?
+          !defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) || ActiveRecord::Base.pluralize_table_names
+        end
+
+        # Add a class collisions name to be checked on class initialization. You
+        # can supply a hash with a :prefix or :suffix to be tested.
+        #
+        # ==== Examples
+        #
+        #   check_class_collision :suffix => "Observer"
+        #
+        # If the generator is invoked with class name Admin, it will check for
+        # the presence of "AdminObserver".
+        #
+        def self.check_class_collision(options={})
+          define_method :check_class_collision do
+            name = if self.respond_to?(:controller_class_name) # for ScaffoldBase
+              controller_class_name
+            else
+              class_name
+            end
+
+            class_collisions "#{options[:prefix]}#{name}#{options[:suffix]}"
+          end
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36d6061a59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Description:
+    The 'rails' command creates a new Rails application with a default
+    directory structure and configuration at the path you specify.
+
+Example:
+    rails ~/Code/Ruby/weblog
+
+    This generates a skeletal Rails installation in ~/Code/Ruby/weblog.
+    See the README in the newly created application to get going.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/app_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/app_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24c9a969f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/app_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+require 'digest/md5' 
+require 'active_support/secure_random'
+require 'rails/version' unless defined?(Rails::VERSION)
+
+module Rails::Generators
+  class AppGenerator < Base
+    DATABASES = %w( mysql oracle postgresql sqlite3 frontbase ibm_db )
+    add_shebang_option!
+
+    argument :app_path, :type => :string
+
+    class_option :database, :type => :string, :aliases => "-d", :default => "sqlite3",
+                            :desc => "Preconfigure for selected database (options: #{DATABASES.join('/')})"
+
+    class_option :freeze, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-F", :default => false,
+                          :desc => "Freeze Rails in vendor/rails from the gems"
+
+    class_option :template, :type => :string, :aliases => "-m",
+                            :desc => "Path to an application template (can be a filesystem path or URL)."
+
+    class_option :with_dispatchers, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-D", :default => false,
+                                    :desc => "Add CGI/FastCGI/mod_ruby dispatchers code"
+
+    class_option :skip_activerecord, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-O", :default => false,
+                                   :desc => "Skip ActiveRecord files"
+
+    class_option :skip_testunit, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-T", :default => false,
+                               :desc => "Skip TestUnit files"
+
+    class_option :skip_prototype, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-J", :default => false,
+                                :desc => "Skip Prototype files"
+
+    # Add Rails options
+    #
+    class_option :version, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-v", :group => :rails,
+                           :desc => "Show Rails version number and quit"
+
+    class_option :help, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-h", :group => :rails,
+                        :desc => "Show this help message and quit"
+
+    def initialize(*args)
+      super
+      if !options[:no_activerecord] && !DATABASES.include?(options[:database])
+        raise Error, "Invalid value for --database option. Supported for preconfiguration are: #{DATABASES.join(", ")}."
+      end
+    end
+
+    def create_root
+      self.destination_root = File.expand_path(app_path, destination_root)
+      empty_directory '.'
+
+      set_default_accessors!
+      FileUtils.cd(destination_root)
+    end
+
+    def create_root_files
+      copy_file "Rakefile"
+      copy_file "README"
+    end
+
+    def create_app_files
+      directory "app"
+    end
+
+    def create_config_files
+      empty_directory "config"
+
+      inside "config" do
+        copy_file "routes.rb"
+        template  "environment.rb"
+
+        directory "environments"
+        directory "initializers"
+        directory "locales"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def create_boot_file
+      copy_file "config/boot.rb"
+    end
+
+    def create_activerecord_files
+      return if options[:skip_activerecord]
+      template "config/databases/#{options[:database]}.yml", "config/database.yml"
+    end
+
+    def create_db_files
+      directory "db"
+    end
+
+    def create_doc_files
+      directory "doc"
+    end
+
+    def create_lib_files
+      empty_directory "lib"
+      empty_directory "lib/tasks"
+    end
+
+    def create_log_files
+      empty_directory "log"
+
+      inside "log" do
+        %w( server production development test ).each do |file|
+          create_file "#{file}.log"
+          chmod "#{file}.log", 0666, :verbose => false
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def create_public_files
+      directory "public", "public", :recursive => false # Do small steps, so anyone can overwrite it.
+    end
+
+    def create_dispatch_files
+      return unless options[:with_dispatchers]
+      copy_file "dispatchers/config.ru", "config.ru"
+
+      template "dispatchers/dispatch.rb", "public/dispatch.rb"
+      chmod "public/dispatch.rb", 0755, :verbose => false
+
+      template "dispatchers/dispatch.rb", "public/dispatch.cgi"
+      chmod "public/dispatch.cgi", 0755, :verbose => false
+
+      template "dispatchers/dispatch.fcgi", "public/dispatch.fcgi"
+      chmod "public/dispatch.fcgi", 0755, :verbose => false
+    end
+
+    def create_public_image_files
+      directory "public/images"
+    end
+
+    def create_public_stylesheets_files
+      directory "public/stylesheets"
+    end
+
+    def create_prototype_files
+      return if options[:skip_prototype]
+      directory "public/javascripts"
+    end
+
+    def create_script_files
+      directory "script"
+      chmod "script", 0755, :verbose => false
+    end
+
+    def create_test_files
+      return if options[:skip_testunit]
+      directory "test"
+    end
+
+    def create_tmp_files
+      empty_directory "tmp"
+
+      inside "tmp" do
+        %w(sessions sockets cache pids).each do |dir|
+          empty_directory dir
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def create_vendor_files
+      empty_directory "vendor/plugins"
+    end
+
+    def apply_rails_template
+      apply rails_template if rails_template
+    rescue Thor::Error, LoadError, Errno::ENOENT => e
+      raise Error, "The template [#{rails_template}] could not be loaded. Error: #{e}"
+    end
+
+    def freeze?
+      freeze! if options[:freeze]
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      attr_accessor :rails_template
+
+      def set_default_accessors!
+        app_name # Cache app name
+
+        self.rails_template = case options[:template]
+          when /^http:\/\//
+            options[:template]
+          when String
+            File.expand_path(options[:template], Dir.pwd)
+          else
+            options[:template]
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Define file as an alias to create_file for backwards compatibility.
+      #
+      def file(*args, &block)
+        create_file(*args, &block)
+      end
+
+      def app_name
+        @app_name ||= File.basename(destination_root)
+      end
+
+      def app_secret
+        ActiveSupport::SecureRandom.hex(64)
+      end
+
+      def self.banner
+        "#{$0} #{self.arguments.map(&:usage).join(' ')} [options]"
+      end
+
+      def mysql_socket
+        @mysql_socket ||= [
+          "/tmp/mysql.sock",                        # default
+          "/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock",            # debian/gentoo
+          "/var/tmp/mysql.sock",                    # freebsd
+          "/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock",              # fedora
+          "/opt/local/lib/mysql/mysql.sock",        # fedora
+          "/opt/local/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock",  # mac + darwinports + mysql
+          "/opt/local/var/run/mysql4/mysqld.sock",  # mac + darwinports + mysql4
+          "/opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock",  # mac + darwinports + mysql5
+          "/opt/lampp/var/mysql/mysql.sock"         # xampp for linux
+        ].find { |f| File.exist?(f) } unless RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(:?mswin|mingw)/
+      end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/README b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37ec8ea211
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/README
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+== Welcome to Rails
+
+Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create 
+database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Control pattern. 
+
+This pattern splits the view (also called the presentation) into "dumb" templates
+that are primarily responsible for inserting pre-built data in between HTML tags.
+The model contains the "smart" domain objects (such as Account, Product, Person,
+Post) that holds all the business logic and knows how to persist themselves to
+a database. The controller handles the incoming requests (such as Save New Account,
+Update Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model and directing data to the view.
+
+In Rails, the model is handled by what's called an object-relational mapping
+layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from
+database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic
+methods. You can read more about Active Record in
+link:files/vendor/rails/activerecord/README.html.
+
+The controller and view are handled by the Action Pack, which handles both
+layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers
+are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is
+unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much
+more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of
+Rails.  You can read more about Action Pack in
+link:files/vendor/rails/actionpack/README.html.
+
+
+== Getting Started
+
+1. At the command prompt, start a new Rails application using the <tt>rails</tt> command
+   and your application name. Ex: rails myapp
+2. Change directory into myapp and start the web server: <tt>script/server</tt> (run with --help for options)
+3. Go to http://localhost:3000/ and get "Welcome aboard: You're riding the Rails!"
+4. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application
+
+
+== Web Servers
+
+By default, Rails will try to use Mongrel if it's are installed when started with script/server, otherwise Rails will use WEBrick, the webserver that ships with Ruby. But you can also use Rails
+with a variety of other web servers.
+
+Mongrel is a Ruby-based webserver with a C component (which requires compilation) that is
+suitable for development and deployment of Rails applications. If you have Ruby Gems installed,
+getting up and running with mongrel is as easy as: <tt>gem install mongrel</tt>.
+More info at: http://mongrel.rubyforge.org
+
+Say other Ruby web servers like Thin and Ebb or regular web servers like Apache or LiteSpeed or
+Lighttpd or IIS. The Ruby web servers are run through Rack and the latter can either be setup to use
+FCGI or proxy to a pack of Mongrels/Thin/Ebb servers.
+
+== Apache .htaccess example for FCGI/CGI
+
+# General Apache options
+AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi
+AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
+Options +FollowSymLinks +ExecCGI
+
+# If you don't want Rails to look in certain directories,
+# use the following rewrite rules so that Apache won't rewrite certain requests
+# 
+# Example:
+#   RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/notrails.*
+#   RewriteRule .* - [L]
+
+# Redirect all requests not available on the filesystem to Rails
+# By default the cgi dispatcher is used which is very slow
+# 
+# For better performance replace the dispatcher with the fastcgi one
+#
+# Example:
+#   RewriteRule ^(.*)$ dispatch.fcgi [QSA,L]
+RewriteEngine On
+
+# If your Rails application is accessed via an Alias directive,
+# then you MUST also set the RewriteBase in this htaccess file.
+#
+# Example:
+#   Alias /myrailsapp /path/to/myrailsapp/public
+#   RewriteBase /myrailsapp
+
+RewriteRule ^$ index.html [QSA]
+RewriteRule ^([^.]+)$ $1.html [QSA]
+RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+RewriteRule ^(.*)$ dispatch.cgi [QSA,L]
+
+# In case Rails experiences terminal errors
+# Instead of displaying this message you can supply a file here which will be rendered instead
+# 
+# Example:
+#   ErrorDocument 500 /500.html
+
+ErrorDocument 500 "<h2>Application error</h2>Rails application failed to start properly"
+
+
+== Debugging Rails
+
+Sometimes your application goes wrong.  Fortunately there are a lot of tools that
+will help you debug it and get it back on the rails.
+
+First area to check is the application log files.  Have "tail -f" commands running
+on the server.log and development.log. Rails will automatically display debugging
+and runtime information to these files. Debugging info will also be shown in the
+browser on requests from 127.0.0.1.
+
+You can also log your own messages directly into the log file from your code using
+the Ruby logger class from inside your controllers. Example:
+
+  class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
+    def destroy
+      @weblog = Weblog.find(params[:id])
+      @weblog.destroy
+      logger.info("#{Time.now} Destroyed Weblog ID ##{@weblog.id}!")
+    end
+  end
+
+The result will be a message in your log file along the lines of:
+
+  Mon Oct 08 14:22:29 +1000 2007 Destroyed Weblog ID #1
+
+More information on how to use the logger is at http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/
+
+Also, Ruby documentation can be found at http://www.ruby-lang.org/ including:
+
+* The Learning Ruby (Pickaxe) Book: http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/
+* Learn to Program: http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/  (a beginners guide)
+
+These two online (and free) books will bring you up to speed on the Ruby language
+and also on programming in general.
+
+
+== Debugger
+
+Debugger support is available through the debugger command when you start your Mongrel or
+Webrick server with --debugger. This means that you can break out of execution at any point
+in the code, investigate and change the model, AND then resume execution! 
+You need to install ruby-debug to run the server in debugging mode. With gems, use 'gem install ruby-debug'
+Example:
+
+  class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
+    def index
+      @posts = Post.find(:all)
+      debugger
+    end
+  end
+
+So the controller will accept the action, run the first line, then present you
+with a IRB prompt in the server window. Here you can do things like:
+
+  >> @posts.inspect
+  => "[#<Post:0x14a6be8 @attributes={\"title\"=>nil, \"body\"=>nil, \"id\"=>\"1\"}>,
+       #<Post:0x14a6620 @attributes={\"title\"=>\"Rails you know!\", \"body\"=>\"Only ten..\", \"id\"=>\"2\"}>]"
+  >> @posts.first.title = "hello from a debugger"
+  => "hello from a debugger"
+
+...and even better is that you can examine how your runtime objects actually work:
+
+  >> f = @posts.first
+  => #<Post:0x13630c4 @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>
+  >> f.
+  Display all 152 possibilities? (y or n)
+
+Finally, when you're ready to resume execution, you enter "cont"
+
+
+== Console
+
+You can interact with the domain model by starting the console through <tt>script/console</tt>.
+Here you'll have all parts of the application configured, just like it is when the
+application is running. You can inspect domain models, change values, and save to the
+database. Starting the script without arguments will launch it in the development environment.
+Passing an argument will specify a different environment, like <tt>script/console production</tt>.
+
+To reload your controllers and models after launching the console run <tt>reload!</tt>
+
+== dbconsole
+
+You can go to the command line of your database directly through <tt>script/dbconsole</tt>.
+You would be connected to the database with the credentials defined in database.yml.
+Starting the script without arguments will connect you to the development database. Passing an
+argument will connect you to a different database, like <tt>script/dbconsole production</tt>.
+Currently works for mysql, postgresql and sqlite.
+
+== Description of Contents
+
+app
+  Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application.
+
+app/controllers
+  Holds controllers that should be named like weblogs_controller.rb for
+  automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from ApplicationController
+  which itself descends from ActionController::Base.
+
+app/models
+  Holds models that should be named like post.rb.
+  Most models will descend from ActiveRecord::Base.
+
+app/views
+  Holds the template files for the view that should be named like
+  weblogs/index.html.erb for the WeblogsController#index action. All views use eRuby
+  syntax.
+
+app/views/layouts
+  Holds the template files for layouts to be used with views. This models the common
+  header/footer method of wrapping views. In your views, define a layout using the
+  <tt>layout :default</tt> and create a file named default.html.erb. Inside default.html.erb,
+  call <% yield %> to render the view using this layout.
+
+app/helpers
+  Holds view helpers that should be named like weblogs_helper.rb. These are generated
+  for you automatically when using script/generate for controllers. Helpers can be used to
+  wrap functionality for your views into methods.
+
+config
+  Configuration files for the Rails environment, the routing map, the database, and other dependencies.
+
+db
+  Contains the database schema in schema.rb.  db/migrate contains all
+  the sequence of Migrations for your schema.
+
+doc
+  This directory is where your application documentation will be stored when generated
+  using <tt>rake doc:app</tt>
+
+lib
+  Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that doesn't
+  belong under controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in the load path.
+
+public
+  The directory available for the web server. Contains subdirectories for images, stylesheets,
+  and javascripts. Also contains the dispatchers and the default HTML files. This should be
+  set as the DOCUMENT_ROOT of your web server.
+
+script
+  Helper scripts for automation and generation.
+
+test
+  Unit and functional tests along with fixtures. When using the script/generate scripts, template
+  test files will be generated for you and placed in this directory.
+
+vendor
+  External libraries that the application depends on. Also includes the plugins subdirectory.
+  If the app has frozen rails, those gems also go here, under vendor/rails/.
+  This directory is in the load path.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Rakefile b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Rakefile
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bd4dec5389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Rakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
+# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
+
+require(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'config', 'boot'))
+
+require 'rake'
+require 'rake/testtask'
+require 'rake/rdoctask'
+
+require 'rails/tasks'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/controllers/application_controller.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6635a3f487
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/controllers/application_controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Filters added to this controller apply to all controllers in the application.
+# Likewise, all the methods added will be available for all controllers.
+
+class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
+  helper :all # include all helpers, all the time
+  protect_from_forgery # See ActionController::RequestForgeryProtection for details
+
+  # Scrub sensitive parameters from your log
+  # filter_parameter_logging :password
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/helpers/application_helper.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..22a7940eb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/helpers/application_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Methods added to this helper will be available to all templates in the application.
+module ApplicationHelper
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/models/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/models/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/models/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/views/layouts/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/views/layouts/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/app/views/layouts/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/boot.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/boot.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e09cf08ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/boot.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# Don't change this file!
+# Configure your app in config/environment.rb and config/environments/*.rb
+
+RAILS_ROOT = "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/.." unless defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+
+module Rails
+  class << self
+    def boot!
+      unless booted?
+        preinitialize
+        pick_boot.run
+      end
+    end
+
+    def booted?
+      defined? Rails::Initializer
+    end
+
+    def pick_boot
+      (vendor_rails? ? VendorBoot : GemBoot).new
+    end
+
+    def vendor_rails?
+      File.exist?("#{RAILS_ROOT}/vendor/rails")
+    end
+
+    def preinitialize
+      load(preinitializer_path) if File.exist?(preinitializer_path)
+    end
+
+    def preinitializer_path
+      "#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/preinitializer.rb"
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Boot
+    def run
+      load_initializer
+      Rails::Initializer.run(:set_load_path)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class VendorBoot < Boot
+    def load_initializer
+      # activesupport/lib
+      %w(railties/lib).each do |path|
+        $:.unshift("#{RAILS_ROOT}/vendor/rails/#{path}")
+      end
+      require "rails/initializer"
+      Rails::Initializer.run(:install_gem_spec_stubs)
+      Rails::GemDependency.add_frozen_gem_path
+    end
+  end
+
+  class GemBoot < Boot
+    def load_initializer
+      self.class.load_rubygems
+      load_rails_gem
+      require 'rails/initializer'
+    end
+
+    def load_rails_gem
+      if version = self.class.gem_version
+        gem 'rails', version
+      else
+        gem 'rails'
+      end
+    rescue Gem::LoadError => load_error
+      $stderr.puts %(Missing the Rails #{version} gem. Please `gem install -v=#{version} rails`, update your RAILS_GEM_VERSION setting in config/environment.rb for the Rails version you do have installed, or comment out RAILS_GEM_VERSION to use the latest version installed.)
+      exit 1
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      def rubygems_version
+        Gem::RubyGemsVersion rescue nil
+      end
+
+      def gem_version
+        if defined? RAILS_GEM_VERSION
+          RAILS_GEM_VERSION
+        elsif ENV.include?('RAILS_GEM_VERSION')
+          ENV['RAILS_GEM_VERSION']
+        else
+          parse_gem_version(read_environment_rb)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def load_rubygems
+        min_version = '1.3.2'
+        require 'rubygems'
+        unless rubygems_version >= min_version
+          $stderr.puts %Q(Rails requires RubyGems >= #{min_version} (you have #{rubygems_version}). Please `gem update --system` and try again.)
+          exit 1
+        end
+
+      rescue LoadError
+        $stderr.puts %Q(Rails requires RubyGems >= #{min_version}. Please install RubyGems and try again: http://rubygems.rubyforge.org)
+        exit 1
+      end
+
+      def parse_gem_version(text)
+        $1 if text =~ /^[^#]*RAILS_GEM_VERSION\s*=\s*["']([!~<>=]*\s*[\d.]+)["']/
+      end
+
+      private
+        def read_environment_rb
+          File.read("#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment.rb")
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# All that for this:
+Rails.boot!
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/frontbase.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/frontbase.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0c3588be1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/frontbase.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# FrontBase versions 4.x
+#
+# Get the bindings:
+#   gem install ruby-frontbase
+
+development:
+  adapter: frontbase
+  host: localhost
+  database: <%= app_name %>_development
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password: ''
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  adapter: frontbase
+  host: localhost
+  database: <%= app_name %>_test
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password: ''
+
+production:
+  adapter: frontbase
+  host: localhost
+  database: <%= app_name %>_production
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password: ''
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/ibm_db.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/ibm_db.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9716ddb44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/ibm_db.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# IBM Dataservers
+#
+# Home Page
+#   http://rubyforge.org/projects/rubyibm/
+#
+# To install the ibm_db gem:
+#   On Linux:
+#     Source the db2profile file and set the necessary environment variables:
+#
+#       . /home/db2inst1/sqllib/db2profile
+#       export IBM_DB_DIR=/opt/ibm/db2/V9.1
+#       export IBM_DB_LIB=/opt/ibm/db2/V9.1/lib32
+#
+#     Then issue the command: gem install ibm_db
+#
+#   On Windows:
+#     Issue the command: gem install ibm_db
+#     If prompted, select the mswin32 option
+#
+# For more details on the installation refer to http://rubyforge.org/docman/view.php/2361/7682/IBM_DB_GEM.pdf
+#
+# For more details on the connection parameters below refer to:
+#   http://rubyibm.rubyforge.org/docs/adapter/0.9.0/rdoc/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/IBM_DBAdapter.html
+
+development:
+  adapter:     ibm_db
+  username:    db2inst1
+  password:
+  database:    <%= app_name[0,4] %>_dev
+  #schema:      db2inst1
+  #host:        localhost
+  #port:        50000
+  #account:     my_account
+  #app_user:    my_app_user
+  #application: my_application
+  #workstation: my_workstation
+
+test:
+  adapter:     ibm_db
+  username:    db2inst1
+  password:
+  database:    <%= app_name[0,4] %>_tst
+  #schema:      db2inst1
+  #host:        localhost
+  #port:        50000
+  #account:     my_account
+  #app_user:    my_app_user
+  #application: my_application
+  #workstation: my_workstation
+
+production:
+  adapter:     ibm_db
+  username:    db2inst1
+  password:
+  database:    <%= app_name[0,4] %>_prd
+  #schema:      db2inst1
+  #host:        localhost
+  #port:        50000
+  #account:     my_account
+  #app_user:    my_app_user
+  #application: my_application
+  #workstation: my_workstation
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/mysql.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/mysql.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6bf2f7b1fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/mysql.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# MySQL.  Versions 4.1 and 5.0 are recommended.
+#
+# Install the MySQL driver:
+#   gem install mysql
+# On Mac OS X:
+#   sudo gem install mysql -- --with-mysql-dir=/usr/local/mysql
+# On Mac OS X Leopard:
+#   sudo env ARCHFLAGS="-arch i386" gem install mysql -- --with-mysql-config=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
+#       This sets the ARCHFLAGS environment variable to your native architecture
+# On Windows:
+#   gem install mysql
+#       Choose the win32 build.
+#       Install MySQL and put its /bin directory on your path.
+#
+# And be sure to use new-style password hashing:
+#   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/old-client.html
+development:
+  adapter: mysql
+  encoding: utf8
+  reconnect: false
+  database: <%= app_name %>_development
+  pool: 5
+  username: root
+  password:
+<% if mysql_socket -%>
+  socket: <%= mysql_socket %>
+<% else -%>
+  host: localhost
+<% end -%>
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  adapter: mysql
+  encoding: utf8
+  reconnect: false
+  database: <%= app_name %>_test
+  pool: 5
+  username: root
+  password:
+<% if mysql_socket -%>
+  socket: <%= mysql_socket %>
+<% else -%>
+  host: localhost
+<% end -%>
+
+production:
+  adapter: mysql
+  encoding: utf8
+  reconnect: false
+  database: <%= app_name %>_production
+  pool: 5
+  username: root
+  password: 
+<% if mysql_socket -%>
+  socket: <%= mysql_socket %>
+<% else -%>
+  host: localhost
+<% end -%>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/oracle.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/oracle.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1883f6256
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/oracle.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Oracle/OCI 8i, 9, 10g
+#
+# Requires Ruby/OCI8:
+#  http://rubyforge.org/projects/ruby-oci8/
+#
+# Specify your database using any valid connection syntax, such as a
+# tnsnames.ora service name, or a SQL connect url string of the form:
+#
+#   //host:[port][/service name]
+#
+# By default prefetch_rows (OCI_ATTR_PREFETCH_ROWS) is set to 100. And
+# until true bind variables are supported, cursor_sharing is set by default
+# to 'similar'. Both can be changed in the configation below; the defaults
+# are equivalent to specifying:
+#
+#  prefetch_rows: 100
+#  cursor_sharing: similar
+#
+
+development:
+  adapter: oracle
+  database: <%= app_name %>_development
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password:
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  adapter: oracle
+  database: <%= app_name %>_test
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password:
+
+production:
+  adapter: oracle
+  database: <%= app_name %>_production
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password: 
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/postgresql.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/postgresql.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f600e054cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/postgresql.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# PostgreSQL. Versions 7.4 and 8.x are supported.
+#
+# Install the ruby-postgres driver:
+#   gem install ruby-postgres
+# On Mac OS X:
+#   gem install ruby-postgres -- --include=/usr/local/pgsql
+# On Windows:
+#   gem install ruby-postgres
+#       Choose the win32 build.
+#       Install PostgreSQL and put its /bin directory on your path.
+development:
+  adapter: postgresql
+  encoding: unicode
+  database: <%= app_name %>_development
+  pool: 5
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password:
+
+  # Connect on a TCP socket. Omitted by default since the client uses a
+  # domain socket that doesn't need configuration. Windows does not have
+  # domain sockets, so uncomment these lines.
+  #host: localhost
+  #port: 5432
+
+  # Schema search path. The server defaults to $user,public
+  #schema_search_path: myapp,sharedapp,public
+
+  # Minimum log levels, in increasing order:
+  #   debug5, debug4, debug3, debug2, debug1,
+  #   log, notice, warning, error, fatal, and panic
+  # The server defaults to notice.
+  #min_messages: warning
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  adapter: postgresql
+  encoding: unicode
+  database: <%= app_name %>_test
+  pool: 5
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password:
+
+production:
+  adapter: postgresql
+  encoding: unicode
+  database: <%= app_name %>_production
+  pool: 5
+  username: <%= app_name %>
+  password:
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/sqlite3.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/sqlite3.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..025d62a8d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/databases/sqlite3.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# SQLite version 3.x
+#   gem install sqlite3-ruby (not necessary on OS X Leopard)
+development:
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  database: db/development.sqlite3
+  pool: 5
+  timeout: 5000
+
+# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
+# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
+# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
+test:
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  database: db/test.sqlite3
+  pool: 5
+  timeout: 5000
+
+production:
+  adapter: sqlite3
+  database: db/production.sqlite3
+  pool: 5
+  timeout: 5000
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environment.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..adb3a3060a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file
+
+# Specifies gem version of Rails to use when vendor/rails is not present
+<%= '# ' if options[:freeze] %>RAILS_GEM_VERSION = '<%= Rails::VERSION::STRING %>' unless defined? RAILS_GEM_VERSION
+
+# Bootstrap the Rails environment, frameworks, and default configuration
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'boot')
+
+Rails::Initializer.run do |config|
+  # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
+  # Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
+  # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
+
+  # Add additional load paths for your own custom dirs
+  # config.load_paths += %W( #{RAILS_ROOT}/extras )
+
+  # Specify gems that this application depends on and have them installed with rake gems:install
+  # config.gem "bj"
+  # config.gem "hpricot", :version => '0.6', :source => "http://code.whytheluckystiff.net"
+  # config.gem "sqlite3-ruby", :lib => "sqlite3"
+  # config.gem "aws-s3", :lib => "aws/s3"
+
+  # Only load the plugins named here, in the order given (default is alphabetical).
+  # :all can be used as a placeholder for all plugins not explicitly named
+  # config.plugins = [ :exception_notification, :ssl_requirement, :all ]
+
+  # Skip frameworks you're not going to use. To use Rails without a database,
+  # you must remove the Active Record framework.
+<% if options[:skip_activerecord] -%>
+  config.frameworks -= [ :active_record ]
+<% else -%>
+  # config.frameworks -= [ :active_record, :active_resource, :action_mailer ]
+
+  # Activate observers that should always be running
+  # config.active_record.observers = :cacher, :garbage_collector, :forum_observer
+<% end -%>
+
+  # Set Time.zone default to the specified zone and make Active Record auto-convert to this zone.
+  # Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding time zone names.
+  config.time_zone = 'UTC'
+
+  # The default locale is :en and all translations from config/locales/*.rb,yml are auto loaded.
+  # config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('my', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}')]
+  # config.i18n.default_locale = :de
+
+  # Configure generators values. Many other options are available, be sure to
+  # check the documentation.
+  # config.generators do |g|
+  #   g.orm             :active_record
+  #   g.template_engine :erb
+  #   g.test_framework  :test_unit, :fixture => true
+  # end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/development.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/development.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85c9a6080e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/development.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/environment.rb
+
+# In the development environment your application's code is reloaded on
+# every request.  This slows down response time but is perfect for development
+# since you don't have to restart the webserver when you make code changes.
+config.cache_classes = false
+
+# Log error messages when you accidentally call methods on nil.
+config.whiny_nils = true
+
+# Show full error reports and disable caching
+config.action_controller.consider_all_requests_local = true
+config.action_view.debug_rjs                         = true
+config.action_controller.perform_caching             = false
+
+# Don't care if the mailer can't send
+config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/production.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/production.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fc9f6b923
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/production.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/environment.rb
+
+# The production environment is meant for finished, "live" apps.
+# Code is not reloaded between requests
+config.cache_classes = true
+
+# Full error reports are disabled and caching is turned on
+config.action_controller.consider_all_requests_local = false
+config.action_controller.perform_caching             = true
+
+# See everything in the log (default is :info)
+# config.log_level = :debug
+
+# Use a different logger for distributed setups
+# config.logger = SyslogLogger.new
+
+# Use a different cache store in production
+# config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
+
+# Enable serving of images, stylesheets, and javascripts from an asset server
+# config.action_controller.asset_host = "http://assets.example.com"
+
+# Disable delivery errors, bad email addresses will be ignored
+# config.action_mailer.raise_delivery_errors = false
+
+# Enable threaded mode
+# config.threadsafe!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..496eb9572b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/environments/test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/environment.rb
+
+# The test environment is used exclusively to run your application's
+# test suite.  You never need to work with it otherwise.  Remember that
+# your test database is "scratch space" for the test suite and is wiped
+# and recreated between test runs.  Don't rely on the data there!
+config.cache_classes = true
+
+# Log error messages when you accidentally call methods on nil.
+config.whiny_nils = true
+
+# Show full error reports and disable caching
+config.action_controller.consider_all_requests_local = true
+config.action_controller.perform_caching             = false
+
+# Disable request forgery protection in test environment
+config.action_controller.allow_forgery_protection    = false
+
+# Tell Action Mailer not to deliver emails to the real world.
+# The :test delivery method accumulates sent emails in the
+# ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array.
+config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :test
+
+# Use SQL instead of Active Record's schema dumper when creating the test database.
+# This is necessary if your schema can't be completely dumped by the schema dumper,
+# like if you have constraints or database-specific column types
+# config.active_record.schema_format = :sql
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..839d4cde19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# You can add backtrace silencers for libraries that you're using but don't wish to see in your backtraces.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.add_silencer { |line| line =~ /my_noisy_library/ }
+
+# You can also remove all the silencers if you're trying to debug a problem that might stem from framework code.
+# Rails.backtrace_cleaner.remove_silencers!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/inflections.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/inflections.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d531b8bb82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/inflections.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new inflection rules using the following format 
+# (all these examples are active by default):
+# ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections do |inflect|
+#   inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1en'
+#   inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+#   inflect.irregular 'person', 'people'
+#   inflect.uncountable %w( fish sheep )
+# end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/mime_types.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72aca7e441
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/mime_types.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Add new mime types for use in respond_to blocks:
+# Mime::Type.register "text/richtext", :rtf
+# Mime::Type.register_alias "text/html", :iphone
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/new_rails_defaults.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/new_rails_defaults.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ec3186c84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/new_rails_defaults.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# These settings change the behavior of Rails 2 apps and will be defaults
+# for Rails 3. You can remove this initializer when Rails 3 is released.
+
+if defined?(ActiveRecord)
+  # Include Active Record class name as root for JSON serialized output.
+  ActiveRecord::Base.include_root_in_json = true
+
+  # Store the full class name (including module namespace) in STI type column.
+  ActiveRecord::Base.store_full_sti_class = true
+end
+
+# Use ISO 8601 format for JSON serialized times and dates.
+ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
+
+# Don't escape HTML entities in JSON, leave that for the #json_escape helper.
+# if you're including raw json in an HTML page.
+ActiveSupport.escape_html_entities_in_json = false
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/session_store.rb.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/session_store.rb.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4499ab84b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/initializers/session_store.rb.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
+
+# Your secret key for verifying cookie session data integrity.
+# If you change this key, all old sessions will become invalid!
+# Make sure the secret is at least 30 characters and all random, 
+# no regular words or you'll be exposed to dictionary attacks.
+ActionController::Base.session = {
+  :key         => '_<%= app_name %>_session',
+  :secret      => '<%= app_secret %>'
+}
+
+# Use the database for sessions instead of the cookie-based default,
+# which shouldn't be used to store highly confidential information
+# (create the session table with "rake db:sessions:create")
+# ActionController::Base.session_store = :active_record_store
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/locales/en.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/locales/en.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f265c068d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/locales/en.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Sample localization file for English. Add more files in this directory for other locales.
+# See http://github.com/svenfuchs/rails-i18n/tree/master/rails%2Flocale for starting points.
+
+en:
+  hello: "Hello world"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/routes.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/routes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea14ce1bfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/config/routes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|
+  # The priority is based upon order of creation: first created -> highest priority.
+
+  # Sample of regular route:
+  #   map.connect 'products/:id', :controller => 'catalog', :action => 'view'
+  # Keep in mind you can assign values other than :controller and :action
+
+  # Sample of named route:
+  #   map.purchase 'products/:id/purchase', :controller => 'catalog', :action => 'purchase'
+  # This route can be invoked with purchase_url(:id => product.id)
+
+  # Sample resource route (maps HTTP verbs to controller actions automatically):
+  #   map.resources :products
+
+  # Sample resource route with options:
+  #   map.resources :products, :member => { :short => :get, :toggle => :post }, :collection => { :sold => :get }
+
+  # Sample resource route with sub-resources:
+  #   map.resources :products, :has_many => [ :comments, :sales ], :has_one => :seller
+  
+  # Sample resource route with more complex sub-resources
+  #   map.resources :products do |products|
+  #     products.resources :comments
+  #     products.resources :sales, :collection => { :recent => :get }
+  #   end
+
+  # Sample resource route within a namespace:
+  #   map.namespace :admin do |admin|
+  #     # Directs /admin/products/* to Admin::ProductsController (app/controllers/admin/products_controller.rb)
+  #     admin.resources :products
+  #   end
+
+  # You can have the root of your site routed with map.root -- just remember to delete public/index.html.
+  # map.root :controller => "welcome"
+
+  # See how all your routes lay out with "rake routes"
+
+  # Install the default routes as the lowest priority.
+  # Note: These default routes make all actions in every controller accessible via GET requests. You should
+  # consider removing or commenting them out if you're using named routes and resources.
+  map.connect ':controller/:action/:id'
+  map.connect ':controller/:action/:id.:format'
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/db/seeds.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/db/seeds.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc8695e6f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/db/seeds.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# This file should contain all the record creation needed to seed the database with its default values.
+# The data can then be loaded with the rake db:seed (or created alongside the db with db:setup).
+#
+# Examples:
+#   
+#   cities = City.create([{ :name => 'Chicago' }, { :name => 'Copenhagen' }])
+#   Mayor.create(:name => 'Daley', :city => cities.first)
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/config.ru b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/config.ru
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..acbfe4e9ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/config.ru
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Rack Dispatcher
+
+# Require your environment file to bootstrap Rails
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/config/environment'
+
+# Dispatch the request
+run ActionController::Dispatcher.new
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/dispatch.fcgi b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/dispatch.fcgi
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f5b3b71875
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/dispatch.fcgi
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+#
+# You may specify the path to the FastCGI crash log (a log of unhandled
+# exceptions which forced the FastCGI instance to exit, great for debugging)
+# and the number of requests to process before running garbage collection.
+#
+# By default, the FastCGI crash log is RAILS_ROOT/log/fastcgi.crash.log
+# and the GC period is nil (turned off).  A reasonable number of requests
+# could range from 10-100 depending on the memory footprint of your app.
+#
+# Example:
+#   # Default log path, normal GC behavior.
+#   RailsFCGIHandler.process!
+#
+#   # Default log path, 50 requests between GC.
+#   RailsFCGIHandler.process! nil, 50
+#
+#   # Custom log path, normal GC behavior.
+#   RailsFCGIHandler.process! '/var/log/myapp_fcgi_crash.log'
+#
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../config/environment"
+require 'fcgi_handler'
+
+RailsFCGIHandler.process!
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/dispatch.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/dispatch.rb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..48e888113a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/dispatch.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../config/environment" unless defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+
+# If you're using RubyGems and mod_ruby, this require should be changed to an absolute path one, like:
+# "/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-0.8.0/lib/dispatcher" -- otherwise performance is severely impaired
+require "dispatcher"
+
+ADDITIONAL_LOAD_PATHS.reverse.each { |dir| $:.unshift(dir) if File.directory?(dir) } if defined?(Apache::RubyRun)
+Dispatcher.dispatch
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/gateway.cgi b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/gateway.cgi
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..bdc1055a22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/dispatchers/gateway.cgi
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+
+require 'drb'
+
+# This file includes an experimental gateway CGI implementation. It will work
+# only on platforms which support both fork and sockets.
+#
+# To enable it edit public/.htaccess and replace dispatch.cgi with gateway.cgi.
+#
+# Next, create the directory log/drb_gateway and grant the apache user rw access
+# to said directory.
+#
+# On the next request to your server, the gateway tracker should start up, along
+# with a few listener processes. This setup should provide you with much better
+# speeds than dispatch.cgi.
+#
+# Keep in mind that the first request made to the server will be slow, as the
+# tracker and listeners will have to load. Also, the tracker and listeners will
+# shutdown after a period if inactivity. You can set this value below -- the
+# default is 90 seconds.
+
+TrackerSocket = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '../log/drb_gateway/tracker.sock'))
+DieAfter = 90 # Seconds
+Listeners = 3
+
+def message(s)
+  $stderr.puts "gateway.cgi: #{s}" if ENV && ENV["DEBUG_GATEWAY"]
+end
+
+def listener_socket(number)
+  File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "../log/drb_gateway/listener_#{number}.sock"))
+end
+
+unless File.exist? TrackerSocket
+  message "Starting tracker and #{Listeners} listeners"
+  fork do
+    Process.setsid
+    STDIN.reopen "/dev/null"
+    STDOUT.reopen "/dev/null", "a"
+
+    root = File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/..')
+
+    message "starting tracker"
+    fork do
+      ARGV.clear
+      ARGV << TrackerSocket << Listeners.to_s << DieAfter.to_s
+      load File.join(root, 'script', 'tracker')
+    end
+
+    message "starting listeners"
+    require File.join(root, 'config/environment.rb')
+    Listeners.times do |number|
+      fork do
+        ARGV.clear
+        ARGV << listener_socket(number) << DieAfter.to_s
+        load File.join(root, 'script', 'listener')
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  message "waiting for tracker and listener to arise..."
+  ready = false
+  10.times do
+    sleep 0.5
+    break if (ready = File.exist?(TrackerSocket) && File.exist?(listener_socket(0)))
+  end
+
+  if ready
+    message "tracker and listener are ready"
+  else
+    message "Waited 5 seconds, listener and tracker not ready... dropping request"
+    Kernel.exit 1
+  end
+end
+
+DRb.start_service
+
+message "connecting to tracker"
+tracker = DRbObject.new_with_uri("drbunix:#{TrackerSocket}")
+
+input = $stdin.read
+$stdin.close
+
+env = ENV.inspect
+
+output = nil
+tracker.with_listener do |number|
+  message "connecting to listener #{number}"
+  socket = listener_socket(number)
+  listener = DRbObject.new_with_uri("drbunix:#{socket}")
+  output = listener.process(env, input)
+  message "listener #{number} has finished, writing output"
+end
+
+$stdout.write output
+$stdout.flush
+$stdout.close
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/doc/README_FOR_APP b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/doc/README_FOR_APP
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe41f5cc24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/doc/README_FOR_APP
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Use this README file to introduce your application and point to useful places in the API for learning more.
+Run "rake doc:app" to generate API documentation for your models, controllers, helpers, and libraries.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/404.html b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/404.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..88ee108e90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/404.html
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
+  <title>The page you were looking for doesn't exist (404)</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    body { background-color: #fff; color: #666; text-align: center; font-family: arial, sans-serif; }
+    div.dialog {
+      width: 25em;
+      padding: 0 4em;
+      margin: 4em auto 0 auto;
+      border: 1px solid #ccc;
+      border-right-color: #999;
+      border-bottom-color: #999;
+    }
+    h1 { font-size: 100%; color: #f00; line-height: 1.5em; }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+  <!-- This file lives in public/404.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <h1>The page you were looking for doesn't exist.</h1>
+    <p>You may have mistyped the address or the page may have moved.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/422.html b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/422.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9c3c96670b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/422.html
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
+  <title>The change you wanted was rejected (422)</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    body { background-color: #fff; color: #666; text-align: center; font-family: arial, sans-serif; }
+    div.dialog {
+      width: 25em;
+      padding: 0 4em;
+      margin: 4em auto 0 auto;
+      border: 1px solid #ccc;
+      border-right-color: #999;
+      border-bottom-color: #999;
+    }
+    h1 { font-size: 100%; color: #f00; line-height: 1.5em; }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+  <!-- This file lives in public/422.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <h1>The change you wanted was rejected.</h1>
+    <p>Maybe you tried to change something you didn't have access to.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/500.html b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/500.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f71c86e652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/500.html
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
+  <title>We're sorry, but something went wrong (500)</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
+    body { background-color: #fff; color: #666; text-align: center; font-family: arial, sans-serif; }
+    div.dialog {
+      width: 25em;
+      padding: 0 4em;
+      margin: 4em auto 0 auto;
+      border: 1px solid #ccc;
+      border-right-color: #999;
+      border-bottom-color: #999;
+    }
+    h1 { font-size: 100%; color: #f00; line-height: 1.5em; }
+  </style>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+  <!-- This file lives in public/500.html -->
+  <div class="dialog">
+    <h1>We're sorry, but something went wrong.</h1>
+    <p>We've been notified about this issue and we'll take a look at it shortly.</p>
+  </div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/favicon.ico b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/favicon.ico
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/favicon.ico
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/images/rails.png b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/images/rails.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5edc04e65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/images/rails.png
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/index.html b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ff2dfd3193
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+    <title>Ruby on Rails: Welcome aboard</title>
+    <style type="text/css" media="screen">
+      body {
+        margin: 0;
+        margin-bottom: 25px;
+        padding: 0;
+        background-color: #f0f0f0;
+        font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Bitstream Vera Sans", "Verdana";
+        font-size: 13px;
+        color: #333;
+      }
+
+      h1 {
+        font-size: 28px;
+        color: #000;
+      }
+
+      a  {color: #03c}
+      a:hover {
+        background-color: #03c;
+        color: white;
+        text-decoration: none;
+      }
+
+
+      #page {
+        background-color: #f0f0f0;
+        width: 750px;
+        margin: 0;
+        margin-left: auto;
+        margin-right: auto;
+      }
+
+      #content {
+        float: left;
+        background-color: white;
+        border: 3px solid #aaa;
+        border-top: none;
+        padding: 25px;
+        width: 500px;
+      }
+
+      #sidebar {
+        float: right;
+        width: 175px;
+      }
+
+      #footer {
+        clear: both;
+      }
+
+
+      #header, #about, #getting-started {
+        padding-left: 75px;
+        padding-right: 30px;
+      }
+
+
+      #header {
+        background-image: url("images/rails.png");
+        background-repeat: no-repeat;
+        background-position: top left;
+        height: 64px;
+      }
+      #header h1, #header h2 {margin: 0}
+      #header h2 {
+        color: #888;
+        font-weight: normal;
+        font-size: 16px;
+      }
+
+
+      #about h3 {
+        margin: 0;
+        margin-bottom: 10px;
+        font-size: 14px;
+      }
+
+      #about-content {
+        background-color: #ffd;
+        border: 1px solid #fc0;
+        margin-left: -11px;
+      }
+      #about-content table {
+        margin-top: 10px;
+        margin-bottom: 10px;
+        font-size: 11px;
+        border-collapse: collapse;
+      }
+      #about-content td {
+        padding: 10px;
+        padding-top: 3px;
+        padding-bottom: 3px;
+      }
+      #about-content td.name  {color: #555}
+      #about-content td.value {color: #000}
+
+      #about-content ul {
+        padding: 0;
+        list-style-type: none;
+      }
+
+      #about-content.failure {
+        background-color: #fcc;
+        border: 1px solid #f00;
+      }
+      #about-content.failure p {
+        margin: 0;
+        padding: 10px;
+      }
+
+
+      #getting-started {
+        border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
+        margin-top: 25px;
+        padding-top: 15px;
+      }
+      #getting-started h1 {
+        margin: 0;
+        font-size: 20px;
+      }
+      #getting-started h2 {
+        margin: 0;
+        font-size: 14px;
+        font-weight: normal;
+        color: #333;
+        margin-bottom: 25px;
+      }
+      #getting-started ol {
+        margin-left: 0;
+        padding-left: 0;
+      }
+      #getting-started li {
+        font-size: 18px;
+        color: #888;
+        margin-bottom: 25px;
+      }
+      #getting-started li h2 {
+        margin: 0;
+        font-weight: normal;
+        font-size: 18px;
+        color: #333;
+      }
+      #getting-started li p {
+        color: #555;
+        font-size: 13px;
+      }
+
+
+      #search {
+        margin: 0;
+        padding-top: 10px;
+        padding-bottom: 10px;
+        font-size: 11px;
+      }
+      #search input {
+        font-size: 11px;
+        margin: 2px;
+      }
+      #search-text {width: 170px}
+
+
+      #sidebar ul {
+        margin-left: 0;
+        padding-left: 0;
+      }
+      #sidebar ul h3 {
+        margin-top: 25px;
+        font-size: 16px;
+        padding-bottom: 10px;
+        border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
+      }
+      #sidebar li {
+        list-style-type: none;
+      }
+      #sidebar ul.links li {
+        margin-bottom: 5px;
+      }
+
+    </style>
+    <script type="text/javascript" src="javascripts/prototype.js"></script>
+    <script type="text/javascript" src="javascripts/effects.js"></script>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      function about() {
+        if (Element.empty('about-content')) {
+          new Ajax.Updater('about-content', 'rails/info/properties', {
+            method:     'get',
+            onFailure:  function() {Element.classNames('about-content').add('failure')},
+            onComplete: function() {new Effect.BlindDown('about-content', {duration: 0.25})}
+          });
+        } else {
+          new Effect[Element.visible('about-content') ?
+            'BlindUp' : 'BlindDown']('about-content', {duration: 0.25});
+        }
+      }
+
+      window.onload = function() {
+        $('search-text').value = '';
+        $('search').onsubmit = function() {
+          $('search-text').value = 'site:rubyonrails.org ' + $F('search-text');
+        }
+      }
+    </script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="page">
+      <div id="sidebar">
+        <ul id="sidebar-items">
+          <li>
+            <form id="search" action="http://www.google.com/search" method="get">
+              <input type="hidden" name="hl" value="en" />
+              <input type="text" id="search-text" name="q" value="site:rubyonrails.org " />
+              <input type="submit" value="Search" /> the Rails site
+            </form>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <h3>Join the community</h3>
+            <ul class="links">
+              <li><a href="http://www.rubyonrails.org/">Ruby on Rails</a></li>
+              <li><a href="http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/">Official weblog</a></li>
+              <li><a href="http://wiki.rubyonrails.org/">Wiki</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+
+          <li>
+            <h3>Browse the documentation</h3>
+            <ul class="links">
+              <li><a href="http://api.rubyonrails.org/">Rails API</a></li>
+              <li><a href="http://stdlib.rubyonrails.org/">Ruby standard library</a></li>
+              <li><a href="http://corelib.rubyonrails.org/">Ruby core</a></li>
+              <li><a href="http://guides.rubyonrails.org/">Rails Guides</a></li>
+            </ul>
+          </li>
+        </ul>
+      </div>
+
+      <div id="content">
+        <div id="header">
+          <h1>Welcome aboard</h1>
+          <h2>You&rsquo;re riding Ruby on Rails!</h2>
+        </div>
+
+        <div id="about">
+          <h3><a href="rails/info/properties" onclick="about(); return false">About your application&rsquo;s environment</a></h3>
+          <div id="about-content" style="display: none"></div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div id="getting-started">
+          <h1>Getting started</h1>
+          <h2>Here&rsquo;s how to get rolling:</h2>
+
+          <ol>
+            <li>
+              <h2>Use <code>script/generate</code> to create your models and controllers</h2>
+              <p>To see all available options, run it without parameters.</p>
+            </li>
+
+            <li>
+              <h2>Set up a default route and remove or rename this file</h2>
+              <p>Routes are set up in config/routes.rb.</p>
+            </li>
+
+            <li>
+              <h2>Create your database</h2>
+              <p>Run <code>rake db:migrate</code> to create your database. If you're not using SQLite (the default), edit <code>config/database.yml</code> with your username and password.</p>
+            </li>
+          </ol>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div id="footer">&nbsp;</div>
+    </div>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/application.js b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/application.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe4577696b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/application.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// Place your application-specific JavaScript functions and classes here
+// This file is automatically included by javascript_include_tag :defaults
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/controls.js b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/controls.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca29aefdd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/controls.js
@@ -0,0 +1,963 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Thomas Fuchs (http://script.aculo.us, http://mir.aculo.us)
+//           (c) 2005-2008 Ivan Krstic (http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/ivan)
+//           (c) 2005-2008 Jon Tirsen (http://www.tirsen.com)
+// Contributors:
+//  Richard Livsey
+//  Rahul Bhargava
+//  Rob Wills
+//
+// script.aculo.us is freely distributable under the terms of an MIT-style license.
+// For details, see the script.aculo.us web site: http://script.aculo.us/
+
+// Autocompleter.Base handles all the autocompletion functionality
+// that's independent of the data source for autocompletion. This
+// includes drawing the autocompletion menu, observing keyboard
+// and mouse events, and similar.
+//
+// Specific autocompleters need to provide, at the very least,
+// a getUpdatedChoices function that will be invoked every time
+// the text inside the monitored textbox changes. This method
+// should get the text for which to provide autocompletion by
+// invoking this.getToken(), NOT by directly accessing
+// this.element.value. This is to allow incremental tokenized
+// autocompletion. Specific auto-completion logic (AJAX, etc)
+// belongs in getUpdatedChoices.
+//
+// Tokenized incremental autocompletion is enabled automatically
+// when an autocompleter is instantiated with the 'tokens' option
+// in the options parameter, e.g.:
+// new Ajax.Autocompleter('id','upd', '/url/', { tokens: ',' });
+// will incrementally autocomplete with a comma as the token.
+// Additionally, ',' in the above example can be replaced with
+// a token array, e.g. { tokens: [',', '\n'] } which
+// enables autocompletion on multiple tokens. This is most
+// useful when one of the tokens is \n (a newline), as it
+// allows smart autocompletion after linebreaks.
+
+if(typeof Effect == 'undefined')
+  throw("controls.js requires including script.aculo.us' effects.js library");
+
+var Autocompleter = { };
+Autocompleter.Base = Class.create({
+  baseInitialize: function(element, update, options) {
+    element          = $(element);
+    this.element     = element;
+    this.update      = $(update);
+    this.hasFocus    = false;
+    this.changed     = false;
+    this.active      = false;
+    this.index       = 0;
+    this.entryCount  = 0;
+    this.oldElementValue = this.element.value;
+
+    if(this.setOptions)
+      this.setOptions(options);
+    else
+      this.options = options || { };
+
+    this.options.paramName    = this.options.paramName || this.element.name;
+    this.options.tokens       = this.options.tokens || [];
+    this.options.frequency    = this.options.frequency || 0.4;
+    this.options.minChars     = this.options.minChars || 1;
+    this.options.onShow       = this.options.onShow ||
+      function(element, update){
+        if(!update.style.position || update.style.position=='absolute') {
+          update.style.position = 'absolute';
+          Position.clone(element, update, {
+            setHeight: false,
+            offsetTop: element.offsetHeight
+          });
+        }
+        Effect.Appear(update,{duration:0.15});
+      };
+    this.options.onHide = this.options.onHide ||
+      function(element, update){ new Effect.Fade(update,{duration:0.15}) };
+
+    if(typeof(this.options.tokens) == 'string')
+      this.options.tokens = new Array(this.options.tokens);
+    // Force carriage returns as token delimiters anyway
+    if (!this.options.tokens.include('\n'))
+      this.options.tokens.push('\n');
+
+    this.observer = null;
+
+    this.element.setAttribute('autocomplete','off');
+
+    Element.hide(this.update);
+
+    Event.observe(this.element, 'blur', this.onBlur.bindAsEventListener(this));
+    Event.observe(this.element, 'keydown', this.onKeyPress.bindAsEventListener(this));
+  },
+
+  show: function() {
+    if(Element.getStyle(this.update, 'display')=='none') this.options.onShow(this.element, this.update);
+    if(!this.iefix &&
+      (Prototype.Browser.IE) &&
+      (Element.getStyle(this.update, 'position')=='absolute')) {
+      new Insertion.After(this.update,
+       '<iframe id="' + this.update.id + '_iefix" '+
+       'style="display:none;position:absolute;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(opacity=0);" ' +
+       'src="javascript:false;" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"></iframe>');
+      this.iefix = $(this.update.id+'_iefix');
+    }
+    if(this.iefix) setTimeout(this.fixIEOverlapping.bind(this), 50);
+  },
+
+  fixIEOverlapping: function() {
+    Position.clone(this.update, this.iefix, {setTop:(!this.update.style.height)});
+    this.iefix.style.zIndex = 1;
+    this.update.style.zIndex = 2;
+    Element.show(this.iefix);
+  },
+
+  hide: function() {
+    this.stopIndicator();
+    if(Element.getStyle(this.update, 'display')!='none') this.options.onHide(this.element, this.update);
+    if(this.iefix) Element.hide(this.iefix);
+  },
+
+  startIndicator: function() {
+    if(this.options.indicator) Element.show(this.options.indicator);
+  },
+
+  stopIndicator: function() {
+    if(this.options.indicator) Element.hide(this.options.indicator);
+  },
+
+  onKeyPress: function(event) {
+    if(this.active)
+      switch(event.keyCode) {
+       case Event.KEY_TAB:
+       case Event.KEY_RETURN:
+         this.selectEntry();
+         Event.stop(event);
+       case Event.KEY_ESC:
+         this.hide();
+         this.active = false;
+         Event.stop(event);
+         return;
+       case Event.KEY_LEFT:
+       case Event.KEY_RIGHT:
+         return;
+       case Event.KEY_UP:
+         this.markPrevious();
+         this.render();
+         Event.stop(event);
+         return;
+       case Event.KEY_DOWN:
+         this.markNext();
+         this.render();
+         Event.stop(event);
+         return;
+      }
+     else
+       if(event.keyCode==Event.KEY_TAB || event.keyCode==Event.KEY_RETURN ||
+         (Prototype.Browser.WebKit > 0 && event.keyCode == 0)) return;
+
+    this.changed = true;
+    this.hasFocus = true;
+
+    if(this.observer) clearTimeout(this.observer);
+      this.observer =
+        setTimeout(this.onObserverEvent.bind(this), this.options.frequency*1000);
+  },
+
+  activate: function() {
+    this.changed = false;
+    this.hasFocus = true;
+    this.getUpdatedChoices();
+  },
+
+  onHover: function(event) {
+    var element = Event.findElement(event, 'LI');
+    if(this.index != element.autocompleteIndex)
+    {
+        this.index = element.autocompleteIndex;
+        this.render();
+    }
+    Event.stop(event);
+  },
+
+  onClick: function(event) {
+    var element = Event.findElement(event, 'LI');
+    this.index = element.autocompleteIndex;
+    this.selectEntry();
+    this.hide();
+  },
+
+  onBlur: function(event) {
+    // needed to make click events working
+    setTimeout(this.hide.bind(this), 250);
+    this.hasFocus = false;
+    this.active = false;
+  },
+
+  render: function() {
+    if(this.entryCount > 0) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < this.entryCount; i++)
+        this.index==i ?
+          Element.addClassName(this.getEntry(i),"selected") :
+          Element.removeClassName(this.getEntry(i),"selected");
+      if(this.hasFocus) {
+        this.show();
+        this.active = true;
+      }
+    } else {
+      this.active = false;
+      this.hide();
+    }
+  },
+
+  markPrevious: function() {
+    if(this.index > 0) this.index--;
+      else this.index = this.entryCount-1;
+    this.getEntry(this.index).scrollIntoView(true);
+  },
+
+  markNext: function() {
+    if(this.index < this.entryCount-1) this.index++;
+      else this.index = 0;
+    this.getEntry(this.index).scrollIntoView(false);
+  },
+
+  getEntry: function(index) {
+    return this.update.firstChild.childNodes[index];
+  },
+
+  getCurrentEntry: function() {
+    return this.getEntry(this.index);
+  },
+
+  selectEntry: function() {
+    this.active = false;
+    this.updateElement(this.getCurrentEntry());
+  },
+
+  updateElement: function(selectedElement) {
+    if (this.options.updateElement) {
+      this.options.updateElement(selectedElement);
+      return;
+    }
+    var value = '';
+    if (this.options.select) {
+      var nodes = $(selectedElement).select('.' + this.options.select) || [];
+      if(nodes.length>0) value = Element.collectTextNodes(nodes[0], this.options.select);
+    } else
+      value = Element.collectTextNodesIgnoreClass(selectedElement, 'informal');
+
+    var bounds = this.getTokenBounds();
+    if (bounds[0] != -1) {
+      var newValue = this.element.value.substr(0, bounds[0]);
+      var whitespace = this.element.value.substr(bounds[0]).match(/^\s+/);
+      if (whitespace)
+        newValue += whitespace[0];
+      this.element.value = newValue + value + this.element.value.substr(bounds[1]);
+    } else {
+      this.element.value = value;
+    }
+    this.oldElementValue = this.element.value;
+    this.element.focus();
+
+    if (this.options.afterUpdateElement)
+      this.options.afterUpdateElement(this.element, selectedElement);
+  },
+
+  updateChoices: function(choices) {
+    if(!this.changed && this.hasFocus) {
+      this.update.innerHTML = choices;
+      Element.cleanWhitespace(this.update);
+      Element.cleanWhitespace(this.update.down());
+
+      if(this.update.firstChild && this.update.down().childNodes) {
+        this.entryCount =
+          this.update.down().childNodes.length;
+        for (var i = 0; i < this.entryCount; i++) {
+          var entry = this.getEntry(i);
+          entry.autocompleteIndex = i;
+          this.addObservers(entry);
+        }
+      } else {
+        this.entryCount = 0;
+      }
+
+      this.stopIndicator();
+      this.index = 0;
+
+      if(this.entryCount==1 && this.options.autoSelect) {
+        this.selectEntry();
+        this.hide();
+      } else {
+        this.render();
+      }
+    }
+  },
+
+  addObservers: function(element) {
+    Event.observe(element, "mouseover", this.onHover.bindAsEventListener(this));
+    Event.observe(element, "click", this.onClick.bindAsEventListener(this));
+  },
+
+  onObserverEvent: function() {
+    this.changed = false;
+    this.tokenBounds = null;
+    if(this.getToken().length>=this.options.minChars) {
+      this.getUpdatedChoices();
+    } else {
+      this.active = false;
+      this.hide();
+    }
+    this.oldElementValue = this.element.value;
+  },
+
+  getToken: function() {
+    var bounds = this.getTokenBounds();
+    return this.element.value.substring(bounds[0], bounds[1]).strip();
+  },
+
+  getTokenBounds: function() {
+    if (null != this.tokenBounds) return this.tokenBounds;
+    var value = this.element.value;
+    if (value.strip().empty()) return [-1, 0];
+    var diff = arguments.callee.getFirstDifferencePos(value, this.oldElementValue);
+    var offset = (diff == this.oldElementValue.length ? 1 : 0);
+    var prevTokenPos = -1, nextTokenPos = value.length;
+    var tp;
+    for (var index = 0, l = this.options.tokens.length; index < l; ++index) {
+      tp = value.lastIndexOf(this.options.tokens[index], diff + offset - 1);
+      if (tp > prevTokenPos) prevTokenPos = tp;
+      tp = value.indexOf(this.options.tokens[index], diff + offset);
+      if (-1 != tp && tp < nextTokenPos) nextTokenPos = tp;
+    }
+    return (this.tokenBounds = [prevTokenPos + 1, nextTokenPos]);
+  }
+});
+
+Autocompleter.Base.prototype.getTokenBounds.getFirstDifferencePos = function(newS, oldS) {
+  var boundary = Math.min(newS.length, oldS.length);
+  for (var index = 0; index < boundary; ++index)
+    if (newS[index] != oldS[index])
+      return index;
+  return boundary;
+};
+
+Ajax.Autocompleter = Class.create(Autocompleter.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element, update, url, options) {
+    this.baseInitialize(element, update, options);
+    this.options.asynchronous  = true;
+    this.options.onComplete    = this.onComplete.bind(this);
+    this.options.defaultParams = this.options.parameters || null;
+    this.url                   = url;
+  },
+
+  getUpdatedChoices: function() {
+    this.startIndicator();
+
+    var entry = encodeURIComponent(this.options.paramName) + '=' +
+      encodeURIComponent(this.getToken());
+
+    this.options.parameters = this.options.callback ?
+      this.options.callback(this.element, entry) : entry;
+
+    if(this.options.defaultParams)
+      this.options.parameters += '&' + this.options.defaultParams;
+
+    new Ajax.Request(this.url, this.options);
+  },
+
+  onComplete: function(request) {
+    this.updateChoices(request.responseText);
+  }
+});
+
+// The local array autocompleter. Used when you'd prefer to
+// inject an array of autocompletion options into the page, rather
+// than sending out Ajax queries, which can be quite slow sometimes.
+//
+// The constructor takes four parameters. The first two are, as usual,
+// the id of the monitored textbox, and id of the autocompletion menu.
+// The third is the array you want to autocomplete from, and the fourth
+// is the options block.
+//
+// Extra local autocompletion options:
+// - choices - How many autocompletion choices to offer
+//
+// - partialSearch - If false, the autocompleter will match entered
+//                    text only at the beginning of strings in the
+//                    autocomplete array. Defaults to true, which will
+//                    match text at the beginning of any *word* in the
+//                    strings in the autocomplete array. If you want to
+//                    search anywhere in the string, additionally set
+//                    the option fullSearch to true (default: off).
+//
+// - fullSsearch - Search anywhere in autocomplete array strings.
+//
+// - partialChars - How many characters to enter before triggering
+//                   a partial match (unlike minChars, which defines
+//                   how many characters are required to do any match
+//                   at all). Defaults to 2.
+//
+// - ignoreCase - Whether to ignore case when autocompleting.
+//                 Defaults to true.
+//
+// It's possible to pass in a custom function as the 'selector'
+// option, if you prefer to write your own autocompletion logic.
+// In that case, the other options above will not apply unless
+// you support them.
+
+Autocompleter.Local = Class.create(Autocompleter.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element, update, array, options) {
+    this.baseInitialize(element, update, options);
+    this.options.array = array;
+  },
+
+  getUpdatedChoices: function() {
+    this.updateChoices(this.options.selector(this));
+  },
+
+  setOptions: function(options) {
+    this.options = Object.extend({
+      choices: 10,
+      partialSearch: true,
+      partialChars: 2,
+      ignoreCase: true,
+      fullSearch: false,
+      selector: function(instance) {
+        var ret       = []; // Beginning matches
+        var partial   = []; // Inside matches
+        var entry     = instance.getToken();
+        var count     = 0;
+
+        for (var i = 0; i < instance.options.array.length &&
+          ret.length < instance.options.choices ; i++) {
+
+          var elem = instance.options.array[i];
+          var foundPos = instance.options.ignoreCase ?
+            elem.toLowerCase().indexOf(entry.toLowerCase()) :
+            elem.indexOf(entry);
+
+          while (foundPos != -1) {
+            if (foundPos == 0 && elem.length != entry.length) {
+              ret.push("<li><strong>" + elem.substr(0, entry.length) + "</strong>" +
+                elem.substr(entry.length) + "</li>");
+              break;
+            } else if (entry.length >= instance.options.partialChars &&
+              instance.options.partialSearch && foundPos != -1) {
+              if (instance.options.fullSearch || /\s/.test(elem.substr(foundPos-1,1))) {
+                partial.push("<li>" + elem.substr(0, foundPos) + "<strong>" +
+                  elem.substr(foundPos, entry.length) + "</strong>" + elem.substr(
+                  foundPos + entry.length) + "</li>");
+                break;
+              }
+            }
+
+            foundPos = instance.options.ignoreCase ?
+              elem.toLowerCase().indexOf(entry.toLowerCase(), foundPos + 1) :
+              elem.indexOf(entry, foundPos + 1);
+
+          }
+        }
+        if (partial.length)
+          ret = ret.concat(partial.slice(0, instance.options.choices - ret.length));
+        return "<ul>" + ret.join('') + "</ul>";
+      }
+    }, options || { });
+  }
+});
+
+// AJAX in-place editor and collection editor
+// Full rewrite by Christophe Porteneuve <tdd@tddsworld.com> (April 2007).
+
+// Use this if you notice weird scrolling problems on some browsers,
+// the DOM might be a bit confused when this gets called so do this
+// waits 1 ms (with setTimeout) until it does the activation
+Field.scrollFreeActivate = function(field) {
+  setTimeout(function() {
+    Field.activate(field);
+  }, 1);
+};
+
+Ajax.InPlaceEditor = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(element, url, options) {
+    this.url = url;
+    this.element = element = $(element);
+    this.prepareOptions();
+    this._controls = { };
+    arguments.callee.dealWithDeprecatedOptions(options); // DEPRECATION LAYER!!!
+    Object.extend(this.options, options || { });
+    if (!this.options.formId && this.element.id) {
+      this.options.formId = this.element.id + '-inplaceeditor';
+      if ($(this.options.formId))
+        this.options.formId = '';
+    }
+    if (this.options.externalControl)
+      this.options.externalControl = $(this.options.externalControl);
+    if (!this.options.externalControl)
+      this.options.externalControlOnly = false;
+    this._originalBackground = this.element.getStyle('background-color') || 'transparent';
+    this.element.title = this.options.clickToEditText;
+    this._boundCancelHandler = this.handleFormCancellation.bind(this);
+    this._boundComplete = (this.options.onComplete || Prototype.emptyFunction).bind(this);
+    this._boundFailureHandler = this.handleAJAXFailure.bind(this);
+    this._boundSubmitHandler = this.handleFormSubmission.bind(this);
+    this._boundWrapperHandler = this.wrapUp.bind(this);
+    this.registerListeners();
+  },
+  checkForEscapeOrReturn: function(e) {
+    if (!this._editing || e.ctrlKey || e.altKey || e.shiftKey) return;
+    if (Event.KEY_ESC == e.keyCode)
+      this.handleFormCancellation(e);
+    else if (Event.KEY_RETURN == e.keyCode)
+      this.handleFormSubmission(e);
+  },
+  createControl: function(mode, handler, extraClasses) {
+    var control = this.options[mode + 'Control'];
+    var text = this.options[mode + 'Text'];
+    if ('button' == control) {
+      var btn = document.createElement('input');
+      btn.type = 'submit';
+      btn.value = text;
+      btn.className = 'editor_' + mode + '_button';
+      if ('cancel' == mode)
+        btn.onclick = this._boundCancelHandler;
+      this._form.appendChild(btn);
+      this._controls[mode] = btn;
+    } else if ('link' == control) {
+      var link = document.createElement('a');
+      link.href = '#';
+      link.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text));
+      link.onclick = 'cancel' == mode ? this._boundCancelHandler : this._boundSubmitHandler;
+      link.className = 'editor_' + mode + '_link';
+      if (extraClasses)
+        link.className += ' ' + extraClasses;
+      this._form.appendChild(link);
+      this._controls[mode] = link;
+    }
+  },
+  createEditField: function() {
+    var text = (this.options.loadTextURL ? this.options.loadingText : this.getText());
+    var fld;
+    if (1 >= this.options.rows && !/\r|\n/.test(this.getText())) {
+      fld = document.createElement('input');
+      fld.type = 'text';
+      var size = this.options.size || this.options.cols || 0;
+      if (0 < size) fld.size = size;
+    } else {
+      fld = document.createElement('textarea');
+      fld.rows = (1 >= this.options.rows ? this.options.autoRows : this.options.rows);
+      fld.cols = this.options.cols || 40;
+    }
+    fld.name = this.options.paramName;
+    fld.value = text; // No HTML breaks conversion anymore
+    fld.className = 'editor_field';
+    if (this.options.submitOnBlur)
+      fld.onblur = this._boundSubmitHandler;
+    this._controls.editor = fld;
+    if (this.options.loadTextURL)
+      this.loadExternalText();
+    this._form.appendChild(this._controls.editor);
+  },
+  createForm: function() {
+    var ipe = this;
+    function addText(mode, condition) {
+      var text = ipe.options['text' + mode + 'Controls'];
+      if (!text || condition === false) return;
+      ipe._form.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text));
+    };
+    this._form = $(document.createElement('form'));
+    this._form.id = this.options.formId;
+    this._form.addClassName(this.options.formClassName);
+    this._form.onsubmit = this._boundSubmitHandler;
+    this.createEditField();
+    if ('textarea' == this._controls.editor.tagName.toLowerCase())
+      this._form.appendChild(document.createElement('br'));
+    if (this.options.onFormCustomization)
+      this.options.onFormCustomization(this, this._form);
+    addText('Before', this.options.okControl || this.options.cancelControl);
+    this.createControl('ok', this._boundSubmitHandler);
+    addText('Between', this.options.okControl && this.options.cancelControl);
+    this.createControl('cancel', this._boundCancelHandler, 'editor_cancel');
+    addText('After', this.options.okControl || this.options.cancelControl);
+  },
+  destroy: function() {
+    if (this._oldInnerHTML)
+      this.element.innerHTML = this._oldInnerHTML;
+    this.leaveEditMode();
+    this.unregisterListeners();
+  },
+  enterEditMode: function(e) {
+    if (this._saving || this._editing) return;
+    this._editing = true;
+    this.triggerCallback('onEnterEditMode');
+    if (this.options.externalControl)
+      this.options.externalControl.hide();
+    this.element.hide();
+    this.createForm();
+    this.element.parentNode.insertBefore(this._form, this.element);
+    if (!this.options.loadTextURL)
+      this.postProcessEditField();
+    if (e) Event.stop(e);
+  },
+  enterHover: function(e) {
+    if (this.options.hoverClassName)
+      this.element.addClassName(this.options.hoverClassName);
+    if (this._saving) return;
+    this.triggerCallback('onEnterHover');
+  },
+  getText: function() {
+    return this.element.innerHTML.unescapeHTML();
+  },
+  handleAJAXFailure: function(transport) {
+    this.triggerCallback('onFailure', transport);
+    if (this._oldInnerHTML) {
+      this.element.innerHTML = this._oldInnerHTML;
+      this._oldInnerHTML = null;
+    }
+  },
+  handleFormCancellation: function(e) {
+    this.wrapUp();
+    if (e) Event.stop(e);
+  },
+  handleFormSubmission: function(e) {
+    var form = this._form;
+    var value = $F(this._controls.editor);
+    this.prepareSubmission();
+    var params = this.options.callback(form, value) || '';
+    if (Object.isString(params))
+      params = params.toQueryParams();
+    params.editorId = this.element.id;
+    if (this.options.htmlResponse) {
+      var options = Object.extend({ evalScripts: true }, this.options.ajaxOptions);
+      Object.extend(options, {
+        parameters: params,
+        onComplete: this._boundWrapperHandler,
+        onFailure: this._boundFailureHandler
+      });
+      new Ajax.Updater({ success: this.element }, this.url, options);
+    } else {
+      var options = Object.extend({ method: 'get' }, this.options.ajaxOptions);
+      Object.extend(options, {
+        parameters: params,
+        onComplete: this._boundWrapperHandler,
+        onFailure: this._boundFailureHandler
+      });
+      new Ajax.Request(this.url, options);
+    }
+    if (e) Event.stop(e);
+  },
+  leaveEditMode: function() {
+    this.element.removeClassName(this.options.savingClassName);
+    this.removeForm();
+    this.leaveHover();
+    this.element.style.backgroundColor = this._originalBackground;
+    this.element.show();
+    if (this.options.externalControl)
+      this.options.externalControl.show();
+    this._saving = false;
+    this._editing = false;
+    this._oldInnerHTML = null;
+    this.triggerCallback('onLeaveEditMode');
+  },
+  leaveHover: function(e) {
+    if (this.options.hoverClassName)
+      this.element.removeClassName(this.options.hoverClassName);
+    if (this._saving) return;
+    this.triggerCallback('onLeaveHover');
+  },
+  loadExternalText: function() {
+    this._form.addClassName(this.options.loadingClassName);
+    this._controls.editor.disabled = true;
+    var options = Object.extend({ method: 'get' }, this.options.ajaxOptions);
+    Object.extend(options, {
+      parameters: 'editorId=' + encodeURIComponent(this.element.id),
+      onComplete: Prototype.emptyFunction,
+      onSuccess: function(transport) {
+        this._form.removeClassName(this.options.loadingClassName);
+        var text = transport.responseText;
+        if (this.options.stripLoadedTextTags)
+          text = text.stripTags();
+        this._controls.editor.value = text;
+        this._controls.editor.disabled = false;
+        this.postProcessEditField();
+      }.bind(this),
+      onFailure: this._boundFailureHandler
+    });
+    new Ajax.Request(this.options.loadTextURL, options);
+  },
+  postProcessEditField: function() {
+    var fpc = this.options.fieldPostCreation;
+    if (fpc)
+      $(this._controls.editor)['focus' == fpc ? 'focus' : 'activate']();
+  },
+  prepareOptions: function() {
+    this.options = Object.clone(Ajax.InPlaceEditor.DefaultOptions);
+    Object.extend(this.options, Ajax.InPlaceEditor.DefaultCallbacks);
+    [this._extraDefaultOptions].flatten().compact().each(function(defs) {
+      Object.extend(this.options, defs);
+    }.bind(this));
+  },
+  prepareSubmission: function() {
+    this._saving = true;
+    this.removeForm();
+    this.leaveHover();
+    this.showSaving();
+  },
+  registerListeners: function() {
+    this._listeners = { };
+    var listener;
+    $H(Ajax.InPlaceEditor.Listeners).each(function(pair) {
+      listener = this[pair.value].bind(this);
+      this._listeners[pair.key] = listener;
+      if (!this.options.externalControlOnly)
+        this.element.observe(pair.key, listener);
+      if (this.options.externalControl)
+        this.options.externalControl.observe(pair.key, listener);
+    }.bind(this));
+  },
+  removeForm: function() {
+    if (!this._form) return;
+    this._form.remove();
+    this._form = null;
+    this._controls = { };
+  },
+  showSaving: function() {
+    this._oldInnerHTML = this.element.innerHTML;
+    this.element.innerHTML = this.options.savingText;
+    this.element.addClassName(this.options.savingClassName);
+    this.element.style.backgroundColor = this._originalBackground;
+    this.element.show();
+  },
+  triggerCallback: function(cbName, arg) {
+    if ('function' == typeof this.options[cbName]) {
+      this.options[cbName](this, arg);
+    }
+  },
+  unregisterListeners: function() {
+    $H(this._listeners).each(function(pair) {
+      if (!this.options.externalControlOnly)
+        this.element.stopObserving(pair.key, pair.value);
+      if (this.options.externalControl)
+        this.options.externalControl.stopObserving(pair.key, pair.value);
+    }.bind(this));
+  },
+  wrapUp: function(transport) {
+    this.leaveEditMode();
+    // Can't use triggerCallback due to backward compatibility: requires
+    // binding + direct element
+    this._boundComplete(transport, this.element);
+  }
+});
+
+Object.extend(Ajax.InPlaceEditor.prototype, {
+  dispose: Ajax.InPlaceEditor.prototype.destroy
+});
+
+Ajax.InPlaceCollectionEditor = Class.create(Ajax.InPlaceEditor, {
+  initialize: function($super, element, url, options) {
+    this._extraDefaultOptions = Ajax.InPlaceCollectionEditor.DefaultOptions;
+    $super(element, url, options);
+  },
+
+  createEditField: function() {
+    var list = document.createElement('select');
+    list.name = this.options.paramName;
+    list.size = 1;
+    this._controls.editor = list;
+    this._collection = this.options.collection || [];
+    if (this.options.loadCollectionURL)
+      this.loadCollection();
+    else
+      this.checkForExternalText();
+    this._form.appendChild(this._controls.editor);
+  },
+
+  loadCollection: function() {
+    this._form.addClassName(this.options.loadingClassName);
+    this.showLoadingText(this.options.loadingCollectionText);
+    var options = Object.extend({ method: 'get' }, this.options.ajaxOptions);
+    Object.extend(options, {
+      parameters: 'editorId=' + encodeURIComponent(this.element.id),
+      onComplete: Prototype.emptyFunction,
+      onSuccess: function(transport) {
+        var js = transport.responseText.strip();
+        if (!/^\[.*\]$/.test(js)) // TODO: improve sanity check
+          throw('Server returned an invalid collection representation.');
+        this._collection = eval(js);
+        this.checkForExternalText();
+      }.bind(this),
+      onFailure: this.onFailure
+    });
+    new Ajax.Request(this.options.loadCollectionURL, options);
+  },
+
+  showLoadingText: function(text) {
+    this._controls.editor.disabled = true;
+    var tempOption = this._controls.editor.firstChild;
+    if (!tempOption) {
+      tempOption = document.createElement('option');
+      tempOption.value = '';
+      this._controls.editor.appendChild(tempOption);
+      tempOption.selected = true;
+    }
+    tempOption.update((text || '').stripScripts().stripTags());
+  },
+
+  checkForExternalText: function() {
+    this._text = this.getText();
+    if (this.options.loadTextURL)
+      this.loadExternalText();
+    else
+      this.buildOptionList();
+  },
+
+  loadExternalText: function() {
+    this.showLoadingText(this.options.loadingText);
+    var options = Object.extend({ method: 'get' }, this.options.ajaxOptions);
+    Object.extend(options, {
+      parameters: 'editorId=' + encodeURIComponent(this.element.id),
+      onComplete: Prototype.emptyFunction,
+      onSuccess: function(transport) {
+        this._text = transport.responseText.strip();
+        this.buildOptionList();
+      }.bind(this),
+      onFailure: this.onFailure
+    });
+    new Ajax.Request(this.options.loadTextURL, options);
+  },
+
+  buildOptionList: function() {
+    this._form.removeClassName(this.options.loadingClassName);
+    this._collection = this._collection.map(function(entry) {
+      return 2 === entry.length ? entry : [entry, entry].flatten();
+    });
+    var marker = ('value' in this.options) ? this.options.value : this._text;
+    var textFound = this._collection.any(function(entry) {
+      return entry[0] == marker;
+    }.bind(this));
+    this._controls.editor.update('');
+    var option;
+    this._collection.each(function(entry, index) {
+      option = document.createElement('option');
+      option.value = entry[0];
+      option.selected = textFound ? entry[0] == marker : 0 == index;
+      option.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry[1]));
+      this._controls.editor.appendChild(option);
+    }.bind(this));
+    this._controls.editor.disabled = false;
+    Field.scrollFreeActivate(this._controls.editor);
+  }
+});
+
+//**** DEPRECATION LAYER FOR InPlace[Collection]Editor! ****
+//**** This only  exists for a while,  in order to  let ****
+//**** users adapt to  the new API.  Read up on the new ****
+//**** API and convert your code to it ASAP!            ****
+
+Ajax.InPlaceEditor.prototype.initialize.dealWithDeprecatedOptions = function(options) {
+  if (!options) return;
+  function fallback(name, expr) {
+    if (name in options || expr === undefined) return;
+    options[name] = expr;
+  };
+  fallback('cancelControl', (options.cancelLink ? 'link' : (options.cancelButton ? 'button' :
+    options.cancelLink == options.cancelButton == false ? false : undefined)));
+  fallback('okControl', (options.okLink ? 'link' : (options.okButton ? 'button' :
+    options.okLink == options.okButton == false ? false : undefined)));
+  fallback('highlightColor', options.highlightcolor);
+  fallback('highlightEndColor', options.highlightendcolor);
+};
+
+Object.extend(Ajax.InPlaceEditor, {
+  DefaultOptions: {
+    ajaxOptions: { },
+    autoRows: 3,                                // Use when multi-line w/ rows == 1
+    cancelControl: 'link',                      // 'link'|'button'|false
+    cancelText: 'cancel',
+    clickToEditText: 'Click to edit',
+    externalControl: null,                      // id|elt
+    externalControlOnly: false,
+    fieldPostCreation: 'activate',              // 'activate'|'focus'|false
+    formClassName: 'inplaceeditor-form',
+    formId: null,                               // id|elt
+    highlightColor: '#ffff99',
+    highlightEndColor: '#ffffff',
+    hoverClassName: '',
+    htmlResponse: true,
+    loadingClassName: 'inplaceeditor-loading',
+    loadingText: 'Loading...',
+    okControl: 'button',                        // 'link'|'button'|false
+    okText: 'ok',
+    paramName: 'value',
+    rows: 1,                                    // If 1 and multi-line, uses autoRows
+    savingClassName: 'inplaceeditor-saving',
+    savingText: 'Saving...',
+    size: 0,
+    stripLoadedTextTags: false,
+    submitOnBlur: false,
+    textAfterControls: '',
+    textBeforeControls: '',
+    textBetweenControls: ''
+  },
+  DefaultCallbacks: {
+    callback: function(form) {
+      return Form.serialize(form);
+    },
+    onComplete: function(transport, element) {
+      // For backward compatibility, this one is bound to the IPE, and passes
+      // the element directly.  It was too often customized, so we don't break it.
+      new Effect.Highlight(element, {
+        startcolor: this.options.highlightColor, keepBackgroundImage: true });
+    },
+    onEnterEditMode: null,
+    onEnterHover: function(ipe) {
+      ipe.element.style.backgroundColor = ipe.options.highlightColor;
+      if (ipe._effect)
+        ipe._effect.cancel();
+    },
+    onFailure: function(transport, ipe) {
+      alert('Error communication with the server: ' + transport.responseText.stripTags());
+    },
+    onFormCustomization: null, // Takes the IPE and its generated form, after editor, before controls.
+    onLeaveEditMode: null,
+    onLeaveHover: function(ipe) {
+      ipe._effect = new Effect.Highlight(ipe.element, {
+        startcolor: ipe.options.highlightColor, endcolor: ipe.options.highlightEndColor,
+        restorecolor: ipe._originalBackground, keepBackgroundImage: true
+      });
+    }
+  },
+  Listeners: {
+    click: 'enterEditMode',
+    keydown: 'checkForEscapeOrReturn',
+    mouseover: 'enterHover',
+    mouseout: 'leaveHover'
+  }
+});
+
+Ajax.InPlaceCollectionEditor.DefaultOptions = {
+  loadingCollectionText: 'Loading options...'
+};
+
+// Delayed observer, like Form.Element.Observer,
+// but waits for delay after last key input
+// Ideal for live-search fields
+
+Form.Element.DelayedObserver = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(element, delay, callback) {
+    this.delay     = delay || 0.5;
+    this.element   = $(element);
+    this.callback  = callback;
+    this.timer     = null;
+    this.lastValue = $F(this.element);
+    Event.observe(this.element,'keyup',this.delayedListener.bindAsEventListener(this));
+  },
+  delayedListener: function(event) {
+    if(this.lastValue == $F(this.element)) return;
+    if(this.timer) clearTimeout(this.timer);
+    this.timer = setTimeout(this.onTimerEvent.bind(this), this.delay * 1000);
+    this.lastValue = $F(this.element);
+  },
+  onTimerEvent: function() {
+    this.timer = null;
+    this.callback(this.element, $F(this.element));
+  }
+});
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/dragdrop.js b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/dragdrop.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..07229f986f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/dragdrop.js
@@ -0,0 +1,973 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Thomas Fuchs (http://script.aculo.us, http://mir.aculo.us)
+//           (c) 2005-2008 Sammi Williams (http://www.oriontransfer.co.nz, sammi@oriontransfer.co.nz)
+//
+// script.aculo.us is freely distributable under the terms of an MIT-style license.
+// For details, see the script.aculo.us web site: http://script.aculo.us/
+
+if(Object.isUndefined(Effect))
+  throw("dragdrop.js requires including script.aculo.us' effects.js library");
+
+var Droppables = {
+  drops: [],
+
+  remove: function(element) {
+    this.drops = this.drops.reject(function(d) { return d.element==$(element) });
+  },
+
+  add: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      greedy:     true,
+      hoverclass: null,
+      tree:       false
+    }, arguments[1] || { });
+
+    // cache containers
+    if(options.containment) {
+      options._containers = [];
+      var containment = options.containment;
+      if(Object.isArray(containment)) {
+        containment.each( function(c) { options._containers.push($(c)) });
+      } else {
+        options._containers.push($(containment));
+      }
+    }
+
+    if(options.accept) options.accept = [options.accept].flatten();
+
+    Element.makePositioned(element); // fix IE
+    options.element = element;
+
+    this.drops.push(options);
+  },
+
+  findDeepestChild: function(drops) {
+    deepest = drops[0];
+
+    for (i = 1; i < drops.length; ++i)
+      if (Element.isParent(drops[i].element, deepest.element))
+        deepest = drops[i];
+
+    return deepest;
+  },
+
+  isContained: function(element, drop) {
+    var containmentNode;
+    if(drop.tree) {
+      containmentNode = element.treeNode;
+    } else {
+      containmentNode = element.parentNode;
+    }
+    return drop._containers.detect(function(c) { return containmentNode == c });
+  },
+
+  isAffected: function(point, element, drop) {
+    return (
+      (drop.element!=element) &&
+      ((!drop._containers) ||
+        this.isContained(element, drop)) &&
+      ((!drop.accept) ||
+        (Element.classNames(element).detect(
+          function(v) { return drop.accept.include(v) } ) )) &&
+      Position.within(drop.element, point[0], point[1]) );
+  },
+
+  deactivate: function(drop) {
+    if(drop.hoverclass)
+      Element.removeClassName(drop.element, drop.hoverclass);
+    this.last_active = null;
+  },
+
+  activate: function(drop) {
+    if(drop.hoverclass)
+      Element.addClassName(drop.element, drop.hoverclass);
+    this.last_active = drop;
+  },
+
+  show: function(point, element) {
+    if(!this.drops.length) return;
+    var drop, affected = [];
+
+    this.drops.each( function(drop) {
+      if(Droppables.isAffected(point, element, drop))
+        affected.push(drop);
+    });
+
+    if(affected.length>0)
+      drop = Droppables.findDeepestChild(affected);
+
+    if(this.last_active && this.last_active != drop) this.deactivate(this.last_active);
+    if (drop) {
+      Position.within(drop.element, point[0], point[1]);
+      if(drop.onHover)
+        drop.onHover(element, drop.element, Position.overlap(drop.overlap, drop.element));
+
+      if (drop != this.last_active) Droppables.activate(drop);
+    }
+  },
+
+  fire: function(event, element) {
+    if(!this.last_active) return;
+    Position.prepare();
+
+    if (this.isAffected([Event.pointerX(event), Event.pointerY(event)], element, this.last_active))
+      if (this.last_active.onDrop) {
+        this.last_active.onDrop(element, this.last_active.element, event);
+        return true;
+      }
+  },
+
+  reset: function() {
+    if(this.last_active)
+      this.deactivate(this.last_active);
+  }
+};
+
+var Draggables = {
+  drags: [],
+  observers: [],
+
+  register: function(draggable) {
+    if(this.drags.length == 0) {
+      this.eventMouseUp   = this.endDrag.bindAsEventListener(this);
+      this.eventMouseMove = this.updateDrag.bindAsEventListener(this);
+      this.eventKeypress  = this.keyPress.bindAsEventListener(this);
+
+      Event.observe(document, "mouseup", this.eventMouseUp);
+      Event.observe(document, "mousemove", this.eventMouseMove);
+      Event.observe(document, "keypress", this.eventKeypress);
+    }
+    this.drags.push(draggable);
+  },
+
+  unregister: function(draggable) {
+    this.drags = this.drags.reject(function(d) { return d==draggable });
+    if(this.drags.length == 0) {
+      Event.stopObserving(document, "mouseup", this.eventMouseUp);
+      Event.stopObserving(document, "mousemove", this.eventMouseMove);
+      Event.stopObserving(document, "keypress", this.eventKeypress);
+    }
+  },
+
+  activate: function(draggable) {
+    if(draggable.options.delay) {
+      this._timeout = setTimeout(function() {
+        Draggables._timeout = null;
+        window.focus();
+        Draggables.activeDraggable = draggable;
+      }.bind(this), draggable.options.delay);
+    } else {
+      window.focus(); // allows keypress events if window isn't currently focused, fails for Safari
+      this.activeDraggable = draggable;
+    }
+  },
+
+  deactivate: function() {
+    this.activeDraggable = null;
+  },
+
+  updateDrag: function(event) {
+    if(!this.activeDraggable) return;
+    var pointer = [Event.pointerX(event), Event.pointerY(event)];
+    // Mozilla-based browsers fire successive mousemove events with
+    // the same coordinates, prevent needless redrawing (moz bug?)
+    if(this._lastPointer && (this._lastPointer.inspect() == pointer.inspect())) return;
+    this._lastPointer = pointer;
+
+    this.activeDraggable.updateDrag(event, pointer);
+  },
+
+  endDrag: function(event) {
+    if(this._timeout) {
+      clearTimeout(this._timeout);
+      this._timeout = null;
+    }
+    if(!this.activeDraggable) return;
+    this._lastPointer = null;
+    this.activeDraggable.endDrag(event);
+    this.activeDraggable = null;
+  },
+
+  keyPress: function(event) {
+    if(this.activeDraggable)
+      this.activeDraggable.keyPress(event);
+  },
+
+  addObserver: function(observer) {
+    this.observers.push(observer);
+    this._cacheObserverCallbacks();
+  },
+
+  removeObserver: function(element) {  // element instead of observer fixes mem leaks
+    this.observers = this.observers.reject( function(o) { return o.element==element });
+    this._cacheObserverCallbacks();
+  },
+
+  notify: function(eventName, draggable, event) {  // 'onStart', 'onEnd', 'onDrag'
+    if(this[eventName+'Count'] > 0)
+      this.observers.each( function(o) {
+        if(o[eventName]) o[eventName](eventName, draggable, event);
+      });
+    if(draggable.options[eventName]) draggable.options[eventName](draggable, event);
+  },
+
+  _cacheObserverCallbacks: function() {
+    ['onStart','onEnd','onDrag'].each( function(eventName) {
+      Draggables[eventName+'Count'] = Draggables.observers.select(
+        function(o) { return o[eventName]; }
+      ).length;
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+var Draggable = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(element) {
+    var defaults = {
+      handle: false,
+      reverteffect: function(element, top_offset, left_offset) {
+        var dur = Math.sqrt(Math.abs(top_offset^2)+Math.abs(left_offset^2))*0.02;
+        new Effect.Move(element, { x: -left_offset, y: -top_offset, duration: dur,
+          queue: {scope:'_draggable', position:'end'}
+        });
+      },
+      endeffect: function(element) {
+        var toOpacity = Object.isNumber(element._opacity) ? element._opacity : 1.0;
+        new Effect.Opacity(element, {duration:0.2, from:0.7, to:toOpacity,
+          queue: {scope:'_draggable', position:'end'},
+          afterFinish: function(){
+            Draggable._dragging[element] = false
+          }
+        });
+      },
+      zindex: 1000,
+      revert: false,
+      quiet: false,
+      scroll: false,
+      scrollSensitivity: 20,
+      scrollSpeed: 15,
+      snap: false,  // false, or xy or [x,y] or function(x,y){ return [x,y] }
+      delay: 0
+    };
+
+    if(!arguments[1] || Object.isUndefined(arguments[1].endeffect))
+      Object.extend(defaults, {
+        starteffect: function(element) {
+          element._opacity = Element.getOpacity(element);
+          Draggable._dragging[element] = true;
+          new Effect.Opacity(element, {duration:0.2, from:element._opacity, to:0.7});
+        }
+      });
+
+    var options = Object.extend(defaults, arguments[1] || { });
+
+    this.element = $(element);
+
+    if(options.handle && Object.isString(options.handle))
+      this.handle = this.element.down('.'+options.handle, 0);
+
+    if(!this.handle) this.handle = $(options.handle);
+    if(!this.handle) this.handle = this.element;
+
+    if(options.scroll && !options.scroll.scrollTo && !options.scroll.outerHTML) {
+      options.scroll = $(options.scroll);
+      this._isScrollChild = Element.childOf(this.element, options.scroll);
+    }
+
+    Element.makePositioned(this.element); // fix IE
+
+    this.options  = options;
+    this.dragging = false;
+
+    this.eventMouseDown = this.initDrag.bindAsEventListener(this);
+    Event.observe(this.handle, "mousedown", this.eventMouseDown);
+
+    Draggables.register(this);
+  },
+
+  destroy: function() {
+    Event.stopObserving(this.handle, "mousedown", this.eventMouseDown);
+    Draggables.unregister(this);
+  },
+
+  currentDelta: function() {
+    return([
+      parseInt(Element.getStyle(this.element,'left') || '0'),
+      parseInt(Element.getStyle(this.element,'top') || '0')]);
+  },
+
+  initDrag: function(event) {
+    if(!Object.isUndefined(Draggable._dragging[this.element]) &&
+      Draggable._dragging[this.element]) return;
+    if(Event.isLeftClick(event)) {
+      // abort on form elements, fixes a Firefox issue
+      var src = Event.element(event);
+      if((tag_name = src.tagName.toUpperCase()) && (
+        tag_name=='INPUT' ||
+        tag_name=='SELECT' ||
+        tag_name=='OPTION' ||
+        tag_name=='BUTTON' ||
+        tag_name=='TEXTAREA')) return;
+
+      var pointer = [Event.pointerX(event), Event.pointerY(event)];
+      var pos     = Position.cumulativeOffset(this.element);
+      this.offset = [0,1].map( function(i) { return (pointer[i] - pos[i]) });
+
+      Draggables.activate(this);
+      Event.stop(event);
+    }
+  },
+
+  startDrag: function(event) {
+    this.dragging = true;
+    if(!this.delta)
+      this.delta = this.currentDelta();
+
+    if(this.options.zindex) {
+      this.originalZ = parseInt(Element.getStyle(this.element,'z-index') || 0);
+      this.element.style.zIndex = this.options.zindex;
+    }
+
+    if(this.options.ghosting) {
+      this._clone = this.element.cloneNode(true);
+      this._originallyAbsolute = (this.element.getStyle('position') == 'absolute');
+      if (!this._originallyAbsolute)
+        Position.absolutize(this.element);
+      this.element.parentNode.insertBefore(this._clone, this.element);
+    }
+
+    if(this.options.scroll) {
+      if (this.options.scroll == window) {
+        var where = this._getWindowScroll(this.options.scroll);
+        this.originalScrollLeft = where.left;
+        this.originalScrollTop = where.top;
+      } else {
+        this.originalScrollLeft = this.options.scroll.scrollLeft;
+        this.originalScrollTop = this.options.scroll.scrollTop;
+      }
+    }
+
+    Draggables.notify('onStart', this, event);
+
+    if(this.options.starteffect) this.options.starteffect(this.element);
+  },
+
+  updateDrag: function(event, pointer) {
+    if(!this.dragging) this.startDrag(event);
+
+    if(!this.options.quiet){
+      Position.prepare();
+      Droppables.show(pointer, this.element);
+    }
+
+    Draggables.notify('onDrag', this, event);
+
+    this.draw(pointer);
+    if(this.options.change) this.options.change(this);
+
+    if(this.options.scroll) {
+      this.stopScrolling();
+
+      var p;
+      if (this.options.scroll == window) {
+        with(this._getWindowScroll(this.options.scroll)) { p = [ left, top, left+width, top+height ]; }
+      } else {
+        p = Position.page(this.options.scroll);
+        p[0] += this.options.scroll.scrollLeft + Position.deltaX;
+        p[1] += this.options.scroll.scrollTop + Position.deltaY;
+        p.push(p[0]+this.options.scroll.offsetWidth);
+        p.push(p[1]+this.options.scroll.offsetHeight);
+      }
+      var speed = [0,0];
+      if(pointer[0] < (p[0]+this.options.scrollSensitivity)) speed[0] = pointer[0]-(p[0]+this.options.scrollSensitivity);
+      if(pointer[1] < (p[1]+this.options.scrollSensitivity)) speed[1] = pointer[1]-(p[1]+this.options.scrollSensitivity);
+      if(pointer[0] > (p[2]-this.options.scrollSensitivity)) speed[0] = pointer[0]-(p[2]-this.options.scrollSensitivity);
+      if(pointer[1] > (p[3]-this.options.scrollSensitivity)) speed[1] = pointer[1]-(p[3]-this.options.scrollSensitivity);
+      this.startScrolling(speed);
+    }
+
+    // fix AppleWebKit rendering
+    if(Prototype.Browser.WebKit) window.scrollBy(0,0);
+
+    Event.stop(event);
+  },
+
+  finishDrag: function(event, success) {
+    this.dragging = false;
+
+    if(this.options.quiet){
+      Position.prepare();
+      var pointer = [Event.pointerX(event), Event.pointerY(event)];
+      Droppables.show(pointer, this.element);
+    }
+
+    if(this.options.ghosting) {
+      if (!this._originallyAbsolute)
+        Position.relativize(this.element);
+      delete this._originallyAbsolute;
+      Element.remove(this._clone);
+      this._clone = null;
+    }
+
+    var dropped = false;
+    if(success) {
+      dropped = Droppables.fire(event, this.element);
+      if (!dropped) dropped = false;
+    }
+    if(dropped && this.options.onDropped) this.options.onDropped(this.element);
+    Draggables.notify('onEnd', this, event);
+
+    var revert = this.options.revert;
+    if(revert && Object.isFunction(revert)) revert = revert(this.element);
+
+    var d = this.currentDelta();
+    if(revert && this.options.reverteffect) {
+      if (dropped == 0 || revert != 'failure')
+        this.options.reverteffect(this.element,
+          d[1]-this.delta[1], d[0]-this.delta[0]);
+    } else {
+      this.delta = d;
+    }
+
+    if(this.options.zindex)
+      this.element.style.zIndex = this.originalZ;
+
+    if(this.options.endeffect)
+      this.options.endeffect(this.element);
+
+    Draggables.deactivate(this);
+    Droppables.reset();
+  },
+
+  keyPress: function(event) {
+    if(event.keyCode!=Event.KEY_ESC) return;
+    this.finishDrag(event, false);
+    Event.stop(event);
+  },
+
+  endDrag: function(event) {
+    if(!this.dragging) return;
+    this.stopScrolling();
+    this.finishDrag(event, true);
+    Event.stop(event);
+  },
+
+  draw: function(point) {
+    var pos = Position.cumulativeOffset(this.element);
+    if(this.options.ghosting) {
+      var r   = Position.realOffset(this.element);
+      pos[0] += r[0] - Position.deltaX; pos[1] += r[1] - Position.deltaY;
+    }
+
+    var d = this.currentDelta();
+    pos[0] -= d[0]; pos[1] -= d[1];
+
+    if(this.options.scroll && (this.options.scroll != window && this._isScrollChild)) {
+      pos[0] -= this.options.scroll.scrollLeft-this.originalScrollLeft;
+      pos[1] -= this.options.scroll.scrollTop-this.originalScrollTop;
+    }
+
+    var p = [0,1].map(function(i){
+      return (point[i]-pos[i]-this.offset[i])
+    }.bind(this));
+
+    if(this.options.snap) {
+      if(Object.isFunction(this.options.snap)) {
+        p = this.options.snap(p[0],p[1],this);
+      } else {
+      if(Object.isArray(this.options.snap)) {
+        p = p.map( function(v, i) {
+          return (v/this.options.snap[i]).round()*this.options.snap[i] }.bind(this));
+      } else {
+        p = p.map( function(v) {
+          return (v/this.options.snap).round()*this.options.snap }.bind(this));
+      }
+    }}
+
+    var style = this.element.style;
+    if((!this.options.constraint) || (this.options.constraint=='horizontal'))
+      style.left = p[0] + "px";
+    if((!this.options.constraint) || (this.options.constraint=='vertical'))
+      style.top  = p[1] + "px";
+
+    if(style.visibility=="hidden") style.visibility = ""; // fix gecko rendering
+  },
+
+  stopScrolling: function() {
+    if(this.scrollInterval) {
+      clearInterval(this.scrollInterval);
+      this.scrollInterval = null;
+      Draggables._lastScrollPointer = null;
+    }
+  },
+
+  startScrolling: function(speed) {
+    if(!(speed[0] || speed[1])) return;
+    this.scrollSpeed = [speed[0]*this.options.scrollSpeed,speed[1]*this.options.scrollSpeed];
+    this.lastScrolled = new Date();
+    this.scrollInterval = setInterval(this.scroll.bind(this), 10);
+  },
+
+  scroll: function() {
+    var current = new Date();
+    var delta = current - this.lastScrolled;
+    this.lastScrolled = current;
+    if(this.options.scroll == window) {
+      with (this._getWindowScroll(this.options.scroll)) {
+        if (this.scrollSpeed[0] || this.scrollSpeed[1]) {
+          var d = delta / 1000;
+          this.options.scroll.scrollTo( left + d*this.scrollSpeed[0], top + d*this.scrollSpeed[1] );
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      this.options.scroll.scrollLeft += this.scrollSpeed[0] * delta / 1000;
+      this.options.scroll.scrollTop  += this.scrollSpeed[1] * delta / 1000;
+    }
+
+    Position.prepare();
+    Droppables.show(Draggables._lastPointer, this.element);
+    Draggables.notify('onDrag', this);
+    if (this._isScrollChild) {
+      Draggables._lastScrollPointer = Draggables._lastScrollPointer || $A(Draggables._lastPointer);
+      Draggables._lastScrollPointer[0] += this.scrollSpeed[0] * delta / 1000;
+      Draggables._lastScrollPointer[1] += this.scrollSpeed[1] * delta / 1000;
+      if (Draggables._lastScrollPointer[0] < 0)
+        Draggables._lastScrollPointer[0] = 0;
+      if (Draggables._lastScrollPointer[1] < 0)
+        Draggables._lastScrollPointer[1] = 0;
+      this.draw(Draggables._lastScrollPointer);
+    }
+
+    if(this.options.change) this.options.change(this);
+  },
+
+  _getWindowScroll: function(w) {
+    var T, L, W, H;
+    with (w.document) {
+      if (w.document.documentElement && documentElement.scrollTop) {
+        T = documentElement.scrollTop;
+        L = documentElement.scrollLeft;
+      } else if (w.document.body) {
+        T = body.scrollTop;
+        L = body.scrollLeft;
+      }
+      if (w.innerWidth) {
+        W = w.innerWidth;
+        H = w.innerHeight;
+      } else if (w.document.documentElement && documentElement.clientWidth) {
+        W = documentElement.clientWidth;
+        H = documentElement.clientHeight;
+      } else {
+        W = body.offsetWidth;
+        H = body.offsetHeight;
+      }
+    }
+    return { top: T, left: L, width: W, height: H };
+  }
+});
+
+Draggable._dragging = { };
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+var SortableObserver = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(element, observer) {
+    this.element   = $(element);
+    this.observer  = observer;
+    this.lastValue = Sortable.serialize(this.element);
+  },
+
+  onStart: function() {
+    this.lastValue = Sortable.serialize(this.element);
+  },
+
+  onEnd: function() {
+    Sortable.unmark();
+    if(this.lastValue != Sortable.serialize(this.element))
+      this.observer(this.element)
+  }
+});
+
+var Sortable = {
+  SERIALIZE_RULE: /^[^_\-](?:[A-Za-z0-9\-\_]*)[_](.*)$/,
+
+  sortables: { },
+
+  _findRootElement: function(element) {
+    while (element.tagName.toUpperCase() != "BODY") {
+      if(element.id && Sortable.sortables[element.id]) return element;
+      element = element.parentNode;
+    }
+  },
+
+  options: function(element) {
+    element = Sortable._findRootElement($(element));
+    if(!element) return;
+    return Sortable.sortables[element.id];
+  },
+
+  destroy: function(element){
+    element = $(element);
+    var s = Sortable.sortables[element.id];
+
+    if(s) {
+      Draggables.removeObserver(s.element);
+      s.droppables.each(function(d){ Droppables.remove(d) });
+      s.draggables.invoke('destroy');
+
+      delete Sortable.sortables[s.element.id];
+    }
+  },
+
+  create: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      element:     element,
+      tag:         'li',       // assumes li children, override with tag: 'tagname'
+      dropOnEmpty: false,
+      tree:        false,
+      treeTag:     'ul',
+      overlap:     'vertical', // one of 'vertical', 'horizontal'
+      constraint:  'vertical', // one of 'vertical', 'horizontal', false
+      containment: element,    // also takes array of elements (or id's); or false
+      handle:      false,      // or a CSS class
+      only:        false,
+      delay:       0,
+      hoverclass:  null,
+      ghosting:    false,
+      quiet:       false,
+      scroll:      false,
+      scrollSensitivity: 20,
+      scrollSpeed: 15,
+      format:      this.SERIALIZE_RULE,
+
+      // these take arrays of elements or ids and can be
+      // used for better initialization performance
+      elements:    false,
+      handles:     false,
+
+      onChange:    Prototype.emptyFunction,
+      onUpdate:    Prototype.emptyFunction
+    }, arguments[1] || { });
+
+    // clear any old sortable with same element
+    this.destroy(element);
+
+    // build options for the draggables
+    var options_for_draggable = {
+      revert:      true,
+      quiet:       options.quiet,
+      scroll:      options.scroll,
+      scrollSpeed: options.scrollSpeed,
+      scrollSensitivity: options.scrollSensitivity,
+      delay:       options.delay,
+      ghosting:    options.ghosting,
+      constraint:  options.constraint,
+      handle:      options.handle };
+
+    if(options.starteffect)
+      options_for_draggable.starteffect = options.starteffect;
+
+    if(options.reverteffect)
+      options_for_draggable.reverteffect = options.reverteffect;
+    else
+      if(options.ghosting) options_for_draggable.reverteffect = function(element) {
+        element.style.top  = 0;
+        element.style.left = 0;
+      };
+
+    if(options.endeffect)
+      options_for_draggable.endeffect = options.endeffect;
+
+    if(options.zindex)
+      options_for_draggable.zindex = options.zindex;
+
+    // build options for the droppables
+    var options_for_droppable = {
+      overlap:     options.overlap,
+      containment: options.containment,
+      tree:        options.tree,
+      hoverclass:  options.hoverclass,
+      onHover:     Sortable.onHover
+    };
+
+    var options_for_tree = {
+      onHover:      Sortable.onEmptyHover,
+      overlap:      options.overlap,
+      containment:  options.containment,
+      hoverclass:   options.hoverclass
+    };
+
+    // fix for gecko engine
+    Element.cleanWhitespace(element);
+
+    options.draggables = [];
+    options.droppables = [];
+
+    // drop on empty handling
+    if(options.dropOnEmpty || options.tree) {
+      Droppables.add(element, options_for_tree);
+      options.droppables.push(element);
+    }
+
+    (options.elements || this.findElements(element, options) || []).each( function(e,i) {
+      var handle = options.handles ? $(options.handles[i]) :
+        (options.handle ? $(e).select('.' + options.handle)[0] : e);
+      options.draggables.push(
+        new Draggable(e, Object.extend(options_for_draggable, { handle: handle })));
+      Droppables.add(e, options_for_droppable);
+      if(options.tree) e.treeNode = element;
+      options.droppables.push(e);
+    });
+
+    if(options.tree) {
+      (Sortable.findTreeElements(element, options) || []).each( function(e) {
+        Droppables.add(e, options_for_tree);
+        e.treeNode = element;
+        options.droppables.push(e);
+      });
+    }
+
+    // keep reference
+    this.sortables[element.id] = options;
+
+    // for onupdate
+    Draggables.addObserver(new SortableObserver(element, options.onUpdate));
+
+  },
+
+  // return all suitable-for-sortable elements in a guaranteed order
+  findElements: function(element, options) {
+    return Element.findChildren(
+      element, options.only, options.tree ? true : false, options.tag);
+  },
+
+  findTreeElements: function(element, options) {
+    return Element.findChildren(
+      element, options.only, options.tree ? true : false, options.treeTag);
+  },
+
+  onHover: function(element, dropon, overlap) {
+    if(Element.isParent(dropon, element)) return;
+
+    if(overlap > .33 && overlap < .66 && Sortable.options(dropon).tree) {
+      return;
+    } else if(overlap>0.5) {
+      Sortable.mark(dropon, 'before');
+      if(dropon.previousSibling != element) {
+        var oldParentNode = element.parentNode;
+        element.style.visibility = "hidden"; // fix gecko rendering
+        dropon.parentNode.insertBefore(element, dropon);
+        if(dropon.parentNode!=oldParentNode)
+          Sortable.options(oldParentNode).onChange(element);
+        Sortable.options(dropon.parentNode).onChange(element);
+      }
+    } else {
+      Sortable.mark(dropon, 'after');
+      var nextElement = dropon.nextSibling || null;
+      if(nextElement != element) {
+        var oldParentNode = element.parentNode;
+        element.style.visibility = "hidden"; // fix gecko rendering
+        dropon.parentNode.insertBefore(element, nextElement);
+        if(dropon.parentNode!=oldParentNode)
+          Sortable.options(oldParentNode).onChange(element);
+        Sortable.options(dropon.parentNode).onChange(element);
+      }
+    }
+  },
+
+  onEmptyHover: function(element, dropon, overlap) {
+    var oldParentNode = element.parentNode;
+    var droponOptions = Sortable.options(dropon);
+
+    if(!Element.isParent(dropon, element)) {
+      var index;
+
+      var children = Sortable.findElements(dropon, {tag: droponOptions.tag, only: droponOptions.only});
+      var child = null;
+
+      if(children) {
+        var offset = Element.offsetSize(dropon, droponOptions.overlap) * (1.0 - overlap);
+
+        for (index = 0; index < children.length; index += 1) {
+          if (offset - Element.offsetSize (children[index], droponOptions.overlap) >= 0) {
+            offset -= Element.offsetSize (children[index], droponOptions.overlap);
+          } else if (offset - (Element.offsetSize (children[index], droponOptions.overlap) / 2) >= 0) {
+            child = index + 1 < children.length ? children[index + 1] : null;
+            break;
+          } else {
+            child = children[index];
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      dropon.insertBefore(element, child);
+
+      Sortable.options(oldParentNode).onChange(element);
+      droponOptions.onChange(element);
+    }
+  },
+
+  unmark: function() {
+    if(Sortable._marker) Sortable._marker.hide();
+  },
+
+  mark: function(dropon, position) {
+    // mark on ghosting only
+    var sortable = Sortable.options(dropon.parentNode);
+    if(sortable && !sortable.ghosting) return;
+
+    if(!Sortable._marker) {
+      Sortable._marker =
+        ($('dropmarker') || Element.extend(document.createElement('DIV'))).
+          hide().addClassName('dropmarker').setStyle({position:'absolute'});
+      document.getElementsByTagName("body").item(0).appendChild(Sortable._marker);
+    }
+    var offsets = Position.cumulativeOffset(dropon);
+    Sortable._marker.setStyle({left: offsets[0]+'px', top: offsets[1] + 'px'});
+
+    if(position=='after')
+      if(sortable.overlap == 'horizontal')
+        Sortable._marker.setStyle({left: (offsets[0]+dropon.clientWidth) + 'px'});
+      else
+        Sortable._marker.setStyle({top: (offsets[1]+dropon.clientHeight) + 'px'});
+
+    Sortable._marker.show();
+  },
+
+  _tree: function(element, options, parent) {
+    var children = Sortable.findElements(element, options) || [];
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < children.length; ++i) {
+      var match = children[i].id.match(options.format);
+
+      if (!match) continue;
+
+      var child = {
+        id: encodeURIComponent(match ? match[1] : null),
+        element: element,
+        parent: parent,
+        children: [],
+        position: parent.children.length,
+        container: $(children[i]).down(options.treeTag)
+      };
+
+      /* Get the element containing the children and recurse over it */
+      if (child.container)
+        this._tree(child.container, options, child);
+
+      parent.children.push (child);
+    }
+
+    return parent;
+  },
+
+  tree: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var sortableOptions = this.options(element);
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      tag: sortableOptions.tag,
+      treeTag: sortableOptions.treeTag,
+      only: sortableOptions.only,
+      name: element.id,
+      format: sortableOptions.format
+    }, arguments[1] || { });
+
+    var root = {
+      id: null,
+      parent: null,
+      children: [],
+      container: element,
+      position: 0
+    };
+
+    return Sortable._tree(element, options, root);
+  },
+
+  /* Construct a [i] index for a particular node */
+  _constructIndex: function(node) {
+    var index = '';
+    do {
+      if (node.id) index = '[' + node.position + ']' + index;
+    } while ((node = node.parent) != null);
+    return index;
+  },
+
+  sequence: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var options = Object.extend(this.options(element), arguments[1] || { });
+
+    return $(this.findElements(element, options) || []).map( function(item) {
+      return item.id.match(options.format) ? item.id.match(options.format)[1] : '';
+    });
+  },
+
+  setSequence: function(element, new_sequence) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var options = Object.extend(this.options(element), arguments[2] || { });
+
+    var nodeMap = { };
+    this.findElements(element, options).each( function(n) {
+        if (n.id.match(options.format))
+            nodeMap[n.id.match(options.format)[1]] = [n, n.parentNode];
+        n.parentNode.removeChild(n);
+    });
+
+    new_sequence.each(function(ident) {
+      var n = nodeMap[ident];
+      if (n) {
+        n[1].appendChild(n[0]);
+        delete nodeMap[ident];
+      }
+    });
+  },
+
+  serialize: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var options = Object.extend(Sortable.options(element), arguments[1] || { });
+    var name = encodeURIComponent(
+      (arguments[1] && arguments[1].name) ? arguments[1].name : element.id);
+
+    if (options.tree) {
+      return Sortable.tree(element, arguments[1]).children.map( function (item) {
+        return [name + Sortable._constructIndex(item) + "[id]=" +
+                encodeURIComponent(item.id)].concat(item.children.map(arguments.callee));
+      }).flatten().join('&');
+    } else {
+      return Sortable.sequence(element, arguments[1]).map( function(item) {
+        return name + "[]=" + encodeURIComponent(item);
+      }).join('&');
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+// Returns true if child is contained within element
+Element.isParent = function(child, element) {
+  if (!child.parentNode || child == element) return false;
+  if (child.parentNode == element) return true;
+  return Element.isParent(child.parentNode, element);
+};
+
+Element.findChildren = function(element, only, recursive, tagName) {
+  if(!element.hasChildNodes()) return null;
+  tagName = tagName.toUpperCase();
+  if(only) only = [only].flatten();
+  var elements = [];
+  $A(element.childNodes).each( function(e) {
+    if(e.tagName && e.tagName.toUpperCase()==tagName &&
+      (!only || (Element.classNames(e).detect(function(v) { return only.include(v) }))))
+        elements.push(e);
+    if(recursive) {
+      var grandchildren = Element.findChildren(e, only, recursive, tagName);
+      if(grandchildren) elements.push(grandchildren);
+    }
+  });
+
+  return (elements.length>0 ? elements.flatten() : []);
+};
+
+Element.offsetSize = function (element, type) {
+  return element['offset' + ((type=='vertical' || type=='height') ? 'Height' : 'Width')];
+};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/effects.js b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/effects.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5a639d2dea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/effects.js
@@ -0,0 +1,1128 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Thomas Fuchs (http://script.aculo.us, http://mir.aculo.us)
+// Contributors:
+//  Justin Palmer (http://encytemedia.com/)
+//  Mark Pilgrim (http://diveintomark.org/)
+//  Martin Bialasinki
+//
+// script.aculo.us is freely distributable under the terms of an MIT-style license.
+// For details, see the script.aculo.us web site: http://script.aculo.us/
+
+// converts rgb() and #xxx to #xxxxxx format,
+// returns self (or first argument) if not convertable
+String.prototype.parseColor = function() {
+  var color = '#';
+  if (this.slice(0,4) == 'rgb(') {
+    var cols = this.slice(4,this.length-1).split(',');
+    var i=0; do { color += parseInt(cols[i]).toColorPart() } while (++i<3);
+  } else {
+    if (this.slice(0,1) == '#') {
+      if (this.length==4) for(var i=1;i<4;i++) color += (this.charAt(i) + this.charAt(i)).toLowerCase();
+      if (this.length==7) color = this.toLowerCase();
+    }
+  }
+  return (color.length==7 ? color : (arguments[0] || this));
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Element.collectTextNodes = function(element) {
+  return $A($(element).childNodes).collect( function(node) {
+    return (node.nodeType==3 ? node.nodeValue :
+      (node.hasChildNodes() ? Element.collectTextNodes(node) : ''));
+  }).flatten().join('');
+};
+
+Element.collectTextNodesIgnoreClass = function(element, className) {
+  return $A($(element).childNodes).collect( function(node) {
+    return (node.nodeType==3 ? node.nodeValue :
+      ((node.hasChildNodes() && !Element.hasClassName(node,className)) ?
+        Element.collectTextNodesIgnoreClass(node, className) : ''));
+  }).flatten().join('');
+};
+
+Element.setContentZoom = function(element, percent) {
+  element = $(element);
+  element.setStyle({fontSize: (percent/100) + 'em'});
+  if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit) window.scrollBy(0,0);
+  return element;
+};
+
+Element.getInlineOpacity = function(element){
+  return $(element).style.opacity || '';
+};
+
+Element.forceRerendering = function(element) {
+  try {
+    element = $(element);
+    var n = document.createTextNode(' ');
+    element.appendChild(n);
+    element.removeChild(n);
+  } catch(e) { }
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+var Effect = {
+  _elementDoesNotExistError: {
+    name: 'ElementDoesNotExistError',
+    message: 'The specified DOM element does not exist, but is required for this effect to operate'
+  },
+  Transitions: {
+    linear: Prototype.K,
+    sinoidal: function(pos) {
+      return (-Math.cos(pos*Math.PI)/2) + .5;
+    },
+    reverse: function(pos) {
+      return 1-pos;
+    },
+    flicker: function(pos) {
+      var pos = ((-Math.cos(pos*Math.PI)/4) + .75) + Math.random()/4;
+      return pos > 1 ? 1 : pos;
+    },
+    wobble: function(pos) {
+      return (-Math.cos(pos*Math.PI*(9*pos))/2) + .5;
+    },
+    pulse: function(pos, pulses) {
+      return (-Math.cos((pos*((pulses||5)-.5)*2)*Math.PI)/2) + .5;
+    },
+    spring: function(pos) {
+      return 1 - (Math.cos(pos * 4.5 * Math.PI) * Math.exp(-pos * 6));
+    },
+    none: function(pos) {
+      return 0;
+    },
+    full: function(pos) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+  },
+  DefaultOptions: {
+    duration:   1.0,   // seconds
+    fps:        100,   // 100= assume 66fps max.
+    sync:       false, // true for combining
+    from:       0.0,
+    to:         1.0,
+    delay:      0.0,
+    queue:      'parallel'
+  },
+  tagifyText: function(element) {
+    var tagifyStyle = 'position:relative';
+    if (Prototype.Browser.IE) tagifyStyle += ';zoom:1';
+
+    element = $(element);
+    $A(element.childNodes).each( function(child) {
+      if (child.nodeType==3) {
+        child.nodeValue.toArray().each( function(character) {
+          element.insertBefore(
+            new Element('span', {style: tagifyStyle}).update(
+              character == ' ' ? String.fromCharCode(160) : character),
+              child);
+        });
+        Element.remove(child);
+      }
+    });
+  },
+  multiple: function(element, effect) {
+    var elements;
+    if (((typeof element == 'object') ||
+        Object.isFunction(element)) &&
+       (element.length))
+      elements = element;
+    else
+      elements = $(element).childNodes;
+
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      speed: 0.1,
+      delay: 0.0
+    }, arguments[2] || { });
+    var masterDelay = options.delay;
+
+    $A(elements).each( function(element, index) {
+      new effect(element, Object.extend(options, { delay: index * options.speed + masterDelay }));
+    });
+  },
+  PAIRS: {
+    'slide':  ['SlideDown','SlideUp'],
+    'blind':  ['BlindDown','BlindUp'],
+    'appear': ['Appear','Fade']
+  },
+  toggle: function(element, effect) {
+    element = $(element);
+    effect = (effect || 'appear').toLowerCase();
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      queue: { position:'end', scope:(element.id || 'global'), limit: 1 }
+    }, arguments[2] || { });
+    Effect[element.visible() ?
+      Effect.PAIRS[effect][1] : Effect.PAIRS[effect][0]](element, options);
+  }
+};
+
+Effect.DefaultOptions.transition = Effect.Transitions.sinoidal;
+
+/* ------------- core effects ------------- */
+
+Effect.ScopedQueue = Class.create(Enumerable, {
+  initialize: function() {
+    this.effects  = [];
+    this.interval = null;
+  },
+  _each: function(iterator) {
+    this.effects._each(iterator);
+  },
+  add: function(effect) {
+    var timestamp = new Date().getTime();
+
+    var position = Object.isString(effect.options.queue) ?
+      effect.options.queue : effect.options.queue.position;
+
+    switch(position) {
+      case 'front':
+        // move unstarted effects after this effect
+        this.effects.findAll(function(e){ return e.state=='idle' }).each( function(e) {
+            e.startOn  += effect.finishOn;
+            e.finishOn += effect.finishOn;
+          });
+        break;
+      case 'with-last':
+        timestamp = this.effects.pluck('startOn').max() || timestamp;
+        break;
+      case 'end':
+        // start effect after last queued effect has finished
+        timestamp = this.effects.pluck('finishOn').max() || timestamp;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    effect.startOn  += timestamp;
+    effect.finishOn += timestamp;
+
+    if (!effect.options.queue.limit || (this.effects.length < effect.options.queue.limit))
+      this.effects.push(effect);
+
+    if (!this.interval)
+      this.interval = setInterval(this.loop.bind(this), 15);
+  },
+  remove: function(effect) {
+    this.effects = this.effects.reject(function(e) { return e==effect });
+    if (this.effects.length == 0) {
+      clearInterval(this.interval);
+      this.interval = null;
+    }
+  },
+  loop: function() {
+    var timePos = new Date().getTime();
+    for(var i=0, len=this.effects.length;i<len;i++)
+      this.effects[i] && this.effects[i].loop(timePos);
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Queues = {
+  instances: $H(),
+  get: function(queueName) {
+    if (!Object.isString(queueName)) return queueName;
+
+    return this.instances.get(queueName) ||
+      this.instances.set(queueName, new Effect.ScopedQueue());
+  }
+};
+Effect.Queue = Effect.Queues.get('global');
+
+Effect.Base = Class.create({
+  position: null,
+  start: function(options) {
+    function codeForEvent(options,eventName){
+      return (
+        (options[eventName+'Internal'] ? 'this.options.'+eventName+'Internal(this);' : '') +
+        (options[eventName] ? 'this.options.'+eventName+'(this);' : '')
+      );
+    }
+    if (options && options.transition === false) options.transition = Effect.Transitions.linear;
+    this.options      = Object.extend(Object.extend({ },Effect.DefaultOptions), options || { });
+    this.currentFrame = 0;
+    this.state        = 'idle';
+    this.startOn      = this.options.delay*1000;
+    this.finishOn     = this.startOn+(this.options.duration*1000);
+    this.fromToDelta  = this.options.to-this.options.from;
+    this.totalTime    = this.finishOn-this.startOn;
+    this.totalFrames  = this.options.fps*this.options.duration;
+
+    this.render = (function() {
+      function dispatch(effect, eventName) {
+        if (effect.options[eventName + 'Internal'])
+          effect.options[eventName + 'Internal'](effect);
+        if (effect.options[eventName])
+          effect.options[eventName](effect);
+      }
+
+      return function(pos) {
+        if (this.state === "idle") {
+          this.state = "running";
+          dispatch(this, 'beforeSetup');
+          if (this.setup) this.setup();
+          dispatch(this, 'afterSetup');
+        }
+        if (this.state === "running") {
+          pos = (this.options.transition(pos) * this.fromToDelta) + this.options.from;
+          this.position = pos;
+          dispatch(this, 'beforeUpdate');
+          if (this.update) this.update(pos);
+          dispatch(this, 'afterUpdate');
+        }
+      };
+    })();
+
+    this.event('beforeStart');
+    if (!this.options.sync)
+      Effect.Queues.get(Object.isString(this.options.queue) ?
+        'global' : this.options.queue.scope).add(this);
+  },
+  loop: function(timePos) {
+    if (timePos >= this.startOn) {
+      if (timePos >= this.finishOn) {
+        this.render(1.0);
+        this.cancel();
+        this.event('beforeFinish');
+        if (this.finish) this.finish();
+        this.event('afterFinish');
+        return;
+      }
+      var pos   = (timePos - this.startOn) / this.totalTime,
+          frame = (pos * this.totalFrames).round();
+      if (frame > this.currentFrame) {
+        this.render(pos);
+        this.currentFrame = frame;
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  cancel: function() {
+    if (!this.options.sync)
+      Effect.Queues.get(Object.isString(this.options.queue) ?
+        'global' : this.options.queue.scope).remove(this);
+    this.state = 'finished';
+  },
+  event: function(eventName) {
+    if (this.options[eventName + 'Internal']) this.options[eventName + 'Internal'](this);
+    if (this.options[eventName]) this.options[eventName](this);
+  },
+  inspect: function() {
+    var data = $H();
+    for(property in this)
+      if (!Object.isFunction(this[property])) data.set(property, this[property]);
+    return '#<Effect:' + data.inspect() + ',options:' + $H(this.options).inspect() + '>';
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Parallel = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(effects) {
+    this.effects = effects || [];
+    this.start(arguments[1]);
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    this.effects.invoke('render', position);
+  },
+  finish: function(position) {
+    this.effects.each( function(effect) {
+      effect.render(1.0);
+      effect.cancel();
+      effect.event('beforeFinish');
+      if (effect.finish) effect.finish(position);
+      effect.event('afterFinish');
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Tween = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(object, from, to) {
+    object = Object.isString(object) ? $(object) : object;
+    var args = $A(arguments), method = args.last(),
+      options = args.length == 5 ? args[3] : null;
+    this.method = Object.isFunction(method) ? method.bind(object) :
+      Object.isFunction(object[method]) ? object[method].bind(object) :
+      function(value) { object[method] = value };
+    this.start(Object.extend({ from: from, to: to }, options || { }));
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    this.method(position);
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Event = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function() {
+    this.start(Object.extend({ duration: 0 }, arguments[0] || { }));
+  },
+  update: Prototype.emptyFunction
+});
+
+Effect.Opacity = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element) {
+    this.element = $(element);
+    if (!this.element) throw(Effect._elementDoesNotExistError);
+    // make this work on IE on elements without 'layout'
+    if (Prototype.Browser.IE && (!this.element.currentStyle.hasLayout))
+      this.element.setStyle({zoom: 1});
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      from: this.element.getOpacity() || 0.0,
+      to:   1.0
+    }, arguments[1] || { });
+    this.start(options);
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    this.element.setOpacity(position);
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Move = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element) {
+    this.element = $(element);
+    if (!this.element) throw(Effect._elementDoesNotExistError);
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      x:    0,
+      y:    0,
+      mode: 'relative'
+    }, arguments[1] || { });
+    this.start(options);
+  },
+  setup: function() {
+    this.element.makePositioned();
+    this.originalLeft = parseFloat(this.element.getStyle('left') || '0');
+    this.originalTop  = parseFloat(this.element.getStyle('top')  || '0');
+    if (this.options.mode == 'absolute') {
+      this.options.x = this.options.x - this.originalLeft;
+      this.options.y = this.options.y - this.originalTop;
+    }
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    this.element.setStyle({
+      left: (this.options.x  * position + this.originalLeft).round() + 'px',
+      top:  (this.options.y  * position + this.originalTop).round()  + 'px'
+    });
+  }
+});
+
+// for backwards compatibility
+Effect.MoveBy = function(element, toTop, toLeft) {
+  return new Effect.Move(element,
+    Object.extend({ x: toLeft, y: toTop }, arguments[3] || { }));
+};
+
+Effect.Scale = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element, percent) {
+    this.element = $(element);
+    if (!this.element) throw(Effect._elementDoesNotExistError);
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      scaleX: true,
+      scaleY: true,
+      scaleContent: true,
+      scaleFromCenter: false,
+      scaleMode: 'box',        // 'box' or 'contents' or { } with provided values
+      scaleFrom: 100.0,
+      scaleTo:   percent
+    }, arguments[2] || { });
+    this.start(options);
+  },
+  setup: function() {
+    this.restoreAfterFinish = this.options.restoreAfterFinish || false;
+    this.elementPositioning = this.element.getStyle('position');
+
+    this.originalStyle = { };
+    ['top','left','width','height','fontSize'].each( function(k) {
+      this.originalStyle[k] = this.element.style[k];
+    }.bind(this));
+
+    this.originalTop  = this.element.offsetTop;
+    this.originalLeft = this.element.offsetLeft;
+
+    var fontSize = this.element.getStyle('font-size') || '100%';
+    ['em','px','%','pt'].each( function(fontSizeType) {
+      if (fontSize.indexOf(fontSizeType)>0) {
+        this.fontSize     = parseFloat(fontSize);
+        this.fontSizeType = fontSizeType;
+      }
+    }.bind(this));
+
+    this.factor = (this.options.scaleTo - this.options.scaleFrom)/100;
+
+    this.dims = null;
+    if (this.options.scaleMode=='box')
+      this.dims = [this.element.offsetHeight, this.element.offsetWidth];
+    if (/^content/.test(this.options.scaleMode))
+      this.dims = [this.element.scrollHeight, this.element.scrollWidth];
+    if (!this.dims)
+      this.dims = [this.options.scaleMode.originalHeight,
+                   this.options.scaleMode.originalWidth];
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    var currentScale = (this.options.scaleFrom/100.0) + (this.factor * position);
+    if (this.options.scaleContent && this.fontSize)
+      this.element.setStyle({fontSize: this.fontSize * currentScale + this.fontSizeType });
+    this.setDimensions(this.dims[0] * currentScale, this.dims[1] * currentScale);
+  },
+  finish: function(position) {
+    if (this.restoreAfterFinish) this.element.setStyle(this.originalStyle);
+  },
+  setDimensions: function(height, width) {
+    var d = { };
+    if (this.options.scaleX) d.width = width.round() + 'px';
+    if (this.options.scaleY) d.height = height.round() + 'px';
+    if (this.options.scaleFromCenter) {
+      var topd  = (height - this.dims[0])/2;
+      var leftd = (width  - this.dims[1])/2;
+      if (this.elementPositioning == 'absolute') {
+        if (this.options.scaleY) d.top = this.originalTop-topd + 'px';
+        if (this.options.scaleX) d.left = this.originalLeft-leftd + 'px';
+      } else {
+        if (this.options.scaleY) d.top = -topd + 'px';
+        if (this.options.scaleX) d.left = -leftd + 'px';
+      }
+    }
+    this.element.setStyle(d);
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Highlight = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element) {
+    this.element = $(element);
+    if (!this.element) throw(Effect._elementDoesNotExistError);
+    var options = Object.extend({ startcolor: '#ffff99' }, arguments[1] || { });
+    this.start(options);
+  },
+  setup: function() {
+    // Prevent executing on elements not in the layout flow
+    if (this.element.getStyle('display')=='none') { this.cancel(); return; }
+    // Disable background image during the effect
+    this.oldStyle = { };
+    if (!this.options.keepBackgroundImage) {
+      this.oldStyle.backgroundImage = this.element.getStyle('background-image');
+      this.element.setStyle({backgroundImage: 'none'});
+    }
+    if (!this.options.endcolor)
+      this.options.endcolor = this.element.getStyle('background-color').parseColor('#ffffff');
+    if (!this.options.restorecolor)
+      this.options.restorecolor = this.element.getStyle('background-color');
+    // init color calculations
+    this._base  = $R(0,2).map(function(i){ return parseInt(this.options.startcolor.slice(i*2+1,i*2+3),16) }.bind(this));
+    this._delta = $R(0,2).map(function(i){ return parseInt(this.options.endcolor.slice(i*2+1,i*2+3),16)-this._base[i] }.bind(this));
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    this.element.setStyle({backgroundColor: $R(0,2).inject('#',function(m,v,i){
+      return m+((this._base[i]+(this._delta[i]*position)).round().toColorPart()); }.bind(this)) });
+  },
+  finish: function() {
+    this.element.setStyle(Object.extend(this.oldStyle, {
+      backgroundColor: this.options.restorecolor
+    }));
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.ScrollTo = function(element) {
+  var options = arguments[1] || { },
+  scrollOffsets = document.viewport.getScrollOffsets(),
+  elementOffsets = $(element).cumulativeOffset();
+
+  if (options.offset) elementOffsets[1] += options.offset;
+
+  return new Effect.Tween(null,
+    scrollOffsets.top,
+    elementOffsets[1],
+    options,
+    function(p){ scrollTo(scrollOffsets.left, p.round()); }
+  );
+};
+
+/* ------------- combination effects ------------- */
+
+Effect.Fade = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var oldOpacity = element.getInlineOpacity();
+  var options = Object.extend({
+    from: element.getOpacity() || 1.0,
+    to:   0.0,
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      if (effect.options.to!=0) return;
+      effect.element.hide().setStyle({opacity: oldOpacity});
+    }
+  }, arguments[1] || { });
+  return new Effect.Opacity(element,options);
+};
+
+Effect.Appear = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var options = Object.extend({
+  from: (element.getStyle('display') == 'none' ? 0.0 : element.getOpacity() || 0.0),
+  to:   1.0,
+  // force Safari to render floated elements properly
+  afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    effect.element.forceRerendering();
+  },
+  beforeSetup: function(effect) {
+    effect.element.setOpacity(effect.options.from).show();
+  }}, arguments[1] || { });
+  return new Effect.Opacity(element,options);
+};
+
+Effect.Puff = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var oldStyle = {
+    opacity: element.getInlineOpacity(),
+    position: element.getStyle('position'),
+    top:  element.style.top,
+    left: element.style.left,
+    width: element.style.width,
+    height: element.style.height
+  };
+  return new Effect.Parallel(
+   [ new Effect.Scale(element, 200,
+      { sync: true, scaleFromCenter: true, scaleContent: true, restoreAfterFinish: true }),
+     new Effect.Opacity(element, { sync: true, to: 0.0 } ) ],
+     Object.extend({ duration: 1.0,
+      beforeSetupInternal: function(effect) {
+        Position.absolutize(effect.effects[0].element);
+      },
+      afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+         effect.effects[0].element.hide().setStyle(oldStyle); }
+     }, arguments[1] || { })
+   );
+};
+
+Effect.BlindUp = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  element.makeClipping();
+  return new Effect.Scale(element, 0,
+    Object.extend({ scaleContent: false,
+      scaleX: false,
+      restoreAfterFinish: true,
+      afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+        effect.element.hide().undoClipping();
+      }
+    }, arguments[1] || { })
+  );
+};
+
+Effect.BlindDown = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var elementDimensions = element.getDimensions();
+  return new Effect.Scale(element, 100, Object.extend({
+    scaleContent: false,
+    scaleX: false,
+    scaleFrom: 0,
+    scaleMode: {originalHeight: elementDimensions.height, originalWidth: elementDimensions.width},
+    restoreAfterFinish: true,
+    afterSetup: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.makeClipping().setStyle({height: '0px'}).show();
+    },
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.undoClipping();
+    }
+  }, arguments[1] || { }));
+};
+
+Effect.SwitchOff = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var oldOpacity = element.getInlineOpacity();
+  return new Effect.Appear(element, Object.extend({
+    duration: 0.4,
+    from: 0,
+    transition: Effect.Transitions.flicker,
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      new Effect.Scale(effect.element, 1, {
+        duration: 0.3, scaleFromCenter: true,
+        scaleX: false, scaleContent: false, restoreAfterFinish: true,
+        beforeSetup: function(effect) {
+          effect.element.makePositioned().makeClipping();
+        },
+        afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+          effect.element.hide().undoClipping().undoPositioned().setStyle({opacity: oldOpacity});
+        }
+      });
+    }
+  }, arguments[1] || { }));
+};
+
+Effect.DropOut = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var oldStyle = {
+    top: element.getStyle('top'),
+    left: element.getStyle('left'),
+    opacity: element.getInlineOpacity() };
+  return new Effect.Parallel(
+    [ new Effect.Move(element, {x: 0, y: 100, sync: true }),
+      new Effect.Opacity(element, { sync: true, to: 0.0 }) ],
+    Object.extend(
+      { duration: 0.5,
+        beforeSetup: function(effect) {
+          effect.effects[0].element.makePositioned();
+        },
+        afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+          effect.effects[0].element.hide().undoPositioned().setStyle(oldStyle);
+        }
+      }, arguments[1] || { }));
+};
+
+Effect.Shake = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var options = Object.extend({
+    distance: 20,
+    duration: 0.5
+  }, arguments[1] || {});
+  var distance = parseFloat(options.distance);
+  var split = parseFloat(options.duration) / 10.0;
+  var oldStyle = {
+    top: element.getStyle('top'),
+    left: element.getStyle('left') };
+    return new Effect.Move(element,
+      { x:  distance, y: 0, duration: split, afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    new Effect.Move(effect.element,
+      { x: -distance*2, y: 0, duration: split*2,  afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    new Effect.Move(effect.element,
+      { x:  distance*2, y: 0, duration: split*2,  afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    new Effect.Move(effect.element,
+      { x: -distance*2, y: 0, duration: split*2,  afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    new Effect.Move(effect.element,
+      { x:  distance*2, y: 0, duration: split*2,  afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    new Effect.Move(effect.element,
+      { x: -distance, y: 0, duration: split, afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+        effect.element.undoPositioned().setStyle(oldStyle);
+  }}); }}); }}); }}); }}); }});
+};
+
+Effect.SlideDown = function(element) {
+  element = $(element).cleanWhitespace();
+  // SlideDown need to have the content of the element wrapped in a container element with fixed height!
+  var oldInnerBottom = element.down().getStyle('bottom');
+  var elementDimensions = element.getDimensions();
+  return new Effect.Scale(element, 100, Object.extend({
+    scaleContent: false,
+    scaleX: false,
+    scaleFrom: window.opera ? 0 : 1,
+    scaleMode: {originalHeight: elementDimensions.height, originalWidth: elementDimensions.width},
+    restoreAfterFinish: true,
+    afterSetup: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.makePositioned();
+      effect.element.down().makePositioned();
+      if (window.opera) effect.element.setStyle({top: ''});
+      effect.element.makeClipping().setStyle({height: '0px'}).show();
+    },
+    afterUpdateInternal: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.down().setStyle({bottom:
+        (effect.dims[0] - effect.element.clientHeight) + 'px' });
+    },
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.undoClipping().undoPositioned();
+      effect.element.down().undoPositioned().setStyle({bottom: oldInnerBottom}); }
+    }, arguments[1] || { })
+  );
+};
+
+Effect.SlideUp = function(element) {
+  element = $(element).cleanWhitespace();
+  var oldInnerBottom = element.down().getStyle('bottom');
+  var elementDimensions = element.getDimensions();
+  return new Effect.Scale(element, window.opera ? 0 : 1,
+   Object.extend({ scaleContent: false,
+    scaleX: false,
+    scaleMode: 'box',
+    scaleFrom: 100,
+    scaleMode: {originalHeight: elementDimensions.height, originalWidth: elementDimensions.width},
+    restoreAfterFinish: true,
+    afterSetup: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.makePositioned();
+      effect.element.down().makePositioned();
+      if (window.opera) effect.element.setStyle({top: ''});
+      effect.element.makeClipping().show();
+    },
+    afterUpdateInternal: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.down().setStyle({bottom:
+        (effect.dims[0] - effect.element.clientHeight) + 'px' });
+    },
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.hide().undoClipping().undoPositioned();
+      effect.element.down().undoPositioned().setStyle({bottom: oldInnerBottom});
+    }
+   }, arguments[1] || { })
+  );
+};
+
+// Bug in opera makes the TD containing this element expand for a instance after finish
+Effect.Squish = function(element) {
+  return new Effect.Scale(element, window.opera ? 1 : 0, {
+    restoreAfterFinish: true,
+    beforeSetup: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.makeClipping();
+    },
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.hide().undoClipping();
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+Effect.Grow = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var options = Object.extend({
+    direction: 'center',
+    moveTransition: Effect.Transitions.sinoidal,
+    scaleTransition: Effect.Transitions.sinoidal,
+    opacityTransition: Effect.Transitions.full
+  }, arguments[1] || { });
+  var oldStyle = {
+    top: element.style.top,
+    left: element.style.left,
+    height: element.style.height,
+    width: element.style.width,
+    opacity: element.getInlineOpacity() };
+
+  var dims = element.getDimensions();
+  var initialMoveX, initialMoveY;
+  var moveX, moveY;
+
+  switch (options.direction) {
+    case 'top-left':
+      initialMoveX = initialMoveY = moveX = moveY = 0;
+      break;
+    case 'top-right':
+      initialMoveX = dims.width;
+      initialMoveY = moveY = 0;
+      moveX = -dims.width;
+      break;
+    case 'bottom-left':
+      initialMoveX = moveX = 0;
+      initialMoveY = dims.height;
+      moveY = -dims.height;
+      break;
+    case 'bottom-right':
+      initialMoveX = dims.width;
+      initialMoveY = dims.height;
+      moveX = -dims.width;
+      moveY = -dims.height;
+      break;
+    case 'center':
+      initialMoveX = dims.width / 2;
+      initialMoveY = dims.height / 2;
+      moveX = -dims.width / 2;
+      moveY = -dims.height / 2;
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return new Effect.Move(element, {
+    x: initialMoveX,
+    y: initialMoveY,
+    duration: 0.01,
+    beforeSetup: function(effect) {
+      effect.element.hide().makeClipping().makePositioned();
+    },
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+      new Effect.Parallel(
+        [ new Effect.Opacity(effect.element, { sync: true, to: 1.0, from: 0.0, transition: options.opacityTransition }),
+          new Effect.Move(effect.element, { x: moveX, y: moveY, sync: true, transition: options.moveTransition }),
+          new Effect.Scale(effect.element, 100, {
+            scaleMode: { originalHeight: dims.height, originalWidth: dims.width },
+            sync: true, scaleFrom: window.opera ? 1 : 0, transition: options.scaleTransition, restoreAfterFinish: true})
+        ], Object.extend({
+             beforeSetup: function(effect) {
+               effect.effects[0].element.setStyle({height: '0px'}).show();
+             },
+             afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+               effect.effects[0].element.undoClipping().undoPositioned().setStyle(oldStyle);
+             }
+           }, options)
+      );
+    }
+  });
+};
+
+Effect.Shrink = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var options = Object.extend({
+    direction: 'center',
+    moveTransition: Effect.Transitions.sinoidal,
+    scaleTransition: Effect.Transitions.sinoidal,
+    opacityTransition: Effect.Transitions.none
+  }, arguments[1] || { });
+  var oldStyle = {
+    top: element.style.top,
+    left: element.style.left,
+    height: element.style.height,
+    width: element.style.width,
+    opacity: element.getInlineOpacity() };
+
+  var dims = element.getDimensions();
+  var moveX, moveY;
+
+  switch (options.direction) {
+    case 'top-left':
+      moveX = moveY = 0;
+      break;
+    case 'top-right':
+      moveX = dims.width;
+      moveY = 0;
+      break;
+    case 'bottom-left':
+      moveX = 0;
+      moveY = dims.height;
+      break;
+    case 'bottom-right':
+      moveX = dims.width;
+      moveY = dims.height;
+      break;
+    case 'center':
+      moveX = dims.width / 2;
+      moveY = dims.height / 2;
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return new Effect.Parallel(
+    [ new Effect.Opacity(element, { sync: true, to: 0.0, from: 1.0, transition: options.opacityTransition }),
+      new Effect.Scale(element, window.opera ? 1 : 0, { sync: true, transition: options.scaleTransition, restoreAfterFinish: true}),
+      new Effect.Move(element, { x: moveX, y: moveY, sync: true, transition: options.moveTransition })
+    ], Object.extend({
+         beforeStartInternal: function(effect) {
+           effect.effects[0].element.makePositioned().makeClipping();
+         },
+         afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+           effect.effects[0].element.hide().undoClipping().undoPositioned().setStyle(oldStyle); }
+       }, options)
+  );
+};
+
+Effect.Pulsate = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var options    = arguments[1] || { },
+    oldOpacity = element.getInlineOpacity(),
+    transition = options.transition || Effect.Transitions.linear,
+    reverser   = function(pos){
+      return 1 - transition((-Math.cos((pos*(options.pulses||5)*2)*Math.PI)/2) + .5);
+    };
+
+  return new Effect.Opacity(element,
+    Object.extend(Object.extend({  duration: 2.0, from: 0,
+      afterFinishInternal: function(effect) { effect.element.setStyle({opacity: oldOpacity}); }
+    }, options), {transition: reverser}));
+};
+
+Effect.Fold = function(element) {
+  element = $(element);
+  var oldStyle = {
+    top: element.style.top,
+    left: element.style.left,
+    width: element.style.width,
+    height: element.style.height };
+  element.makeClipping();
+  return new Effect.Scale(element, 5, Object.extend({
+    scaleContent: false,
+    scaleX: false,
+    afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+    new Effect.Scale(element, 1, {
+      scaleContent: false,
+      scaleY: false,
+      afterFinishInternal: function(effect) {
+        effect.element.hide().undoClipping().setStyle(oldStyle);
+      } });
+  }}, arguments[1] || { }));
+};
+
+Effect.Morph = Class.create(Effect.Base, {
+  initialize: function(element) {
+    this.element = $(element);
+    if (!this.element) throw(Effect._elementDoesNotExistError);
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      style: { }
+    }, arguments[1] || { });
+
+    if (!Object.isString(options.style)) this.style = $H(options.style);
+    else {
+      if (options.style.include(':'))
+        this.style = options.style.parseStyle();
+      else {
+        this.element.addClassName(options.style);
+        this.style = $H(this.element.getStyles());
+        this.element.removeClassName(options.style);
+        var css = this.element.getStyles();
+        this.style = this.style.reject(function(style) {
+          return style.value == css[style.key];
+        });
+        options.afterFinishInternal = function(effect) {
+          effect.element.addClassName(effect.options.style);
+          effect.transforms.each(function(transform) {
+            effect.element.style[transform.style] = '';
+          });
+        };
+      }
+    }
+    this.start(options);
+  },
+
+  setup: function(){
+    function parseColor(color){
+      if (!color || ['rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)','transparent'].include(color)) color = '#ffffff';
+      color = color.parseColor();
+      return $R(0,2).map(function(i){
+        return parseInt( color.slice(i*2+1,i*2+3), 16 );
+      });
+    }
+    this.transforms = this.style.map(function(pair){
+      var property = pair[0], value = pair[1], unit = null;
+
+      if (value.parseColor('#zzzzzz') != '#zzzzzz') {
+        value = value.parseColor();
+        unit  = 'color';
+      } else if (property == 'opacity') {
+        value = parseFloat(value);
+        if (Prototype.Browser.IE && (!this.element.currentStyle.hasLayout))
+          this.element.setStyle({zoom: 1});
+      } else if (Element.CSS_LENGTH.test(value)) {
+          var components = value.match(/^([\+\-]?[0-9\.]+)(.*)$/);
+          value = parseFloat(components[1]);
+          unit = (components.length == 3) ? components[2] : null;
+      }
+
+      var originalValue = this.element.getStyle(property);
+      return {
+        style: property.camelize(),
+        originalValue: unit=='color' ? parseColor(originalValue) : parseFloat(originalValue || 0),
+        targetValue: unit=='color' ? parseColor(value) : value,
+        unit: unit
+      };
+    }.bind(this)).reject(function(transform){
+      return (
+        (transform.originalValue == transform.targetValue) ||
+        (
+          transform.unit != 'color' &&
+          (isNaN(transform.originalValue) || isNaN(transform.targetValue))
+        )
+      );
+    });
+  },
+  update: function(position) {
+    var style = { }, transform, i = this.transforms.length;
+    while(i--)
+      style[(transform = this.transforms[i]).style] =
+        transform.unit=='color' ? '#'+
+          (Math.round(transform.originalValue[0]+
+            (transform.targetValue[0]-transform.originalValue[0])*position)).toColorPart() +
+          (Math.round(transform.originalValue[1]+
+            (transform.targetValue[1]-transform.originalValue[1])*position)).toColorPart() +
+          (Math.round(transform.originalValue[2]+
+            (transform.targetValue[2]-transform.originalValue[2])*position)).toColorPart() :
+        (transform.originalValue +
+          (transform.targetValue - transform.originalValue) * position).toFixed(3) +
+            (transform.unit === null ? '' : transform.unit);
+    this.element.setStyle(style, true);
+  }
+});
+
+Effect.Transform = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(tracks){
+    this.tracks  = [];
+    this.options = arguments[1] || { };
+    this.addTracks(tracks);
+  },
+  addTracks: function(tracks){
+    tracks.each(function(track){
+      track = $H(track);
+      var data = track.values().first();
+      this.tracks.push($H({
+        ids:     track.keys().first(),
+        effect:  Effect.Morph,
+        options: { style: data }
+      }));
+    }.bind(this));
+    return this;
+  },
+  play: function(){
+    return new Effect.Parallel(
+      this.tracks.map(function(track){
+        var ids = track.get('ids'), effect = track.get('effect'), options = track.get('options');
+        var elements = [$(ids) || $$(ids)].flatten();
+        return elements.map(function(e){ return new effect(e, Object.extend({ sync:true }, options)) });
+      }).flatten(),
+      this.options
+    );
+  }
+});
+
+Element.CSS_PROPERTIES = $w(
+  'backgroundColor backgroundPosition borderBottomColor borderBottomStyle ' +
+  'borderBottomWidth borderLeftColor borderLeftStyle borderLeftWidth ' +
+  'borderRightColor borderRightStyle borderRightWidth borderSpacing ' +
+  'borderTopColor borderTopStyle borderTopWidth bottom clip color ' +
+  'fontSize fontWeight height left letterSpacing lineHeight ' +
+  'marginBottom marginLeft marginRight marginTop markerOffset maxHeight '+
+  'maxWidth minHeight minWidth opacity outlineColor outlineOffset ' +
+  'outlineWidth paddingBottom paddingLeft paddingRight paddingTop ' +
+  'right textIndent top width wordSpacing zIndex');
+
+Element.CSS_LENGTH = /^(([\+\-]?[0-9\.]+)(em|ex|px|in|cm|mm|pt|pc|\%))|0$/;
+
+String.__parseStyleElement = document.createElement('div');
+String.prototype.parseStyle = function(){
+  var style, styleRules = $H();
+  if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit)
+    style = new Element('div',{style:this}).style;
+  else {
+    String.__parseStyleElement.innerHTML = '<div style="' + this + '"></div>';
+    style = String.__parseStyleElement.childNodes[0].style;
+  }
+
+  Element.CSS_PROPERTIES.each(function(property){
+    if (style[property]) styleRules.set(property, style[property]);
+  });
+
+  if (Prototype.Browser.IE && this.include('opacity'))
+    styleRules.set('opacity', this.match(/opacity:\s*((?:0|1)?(?:\.\d*)?)/)[1]);
+
+  return styleRules;
+};
+
+if (document.defaultView && document.defaultView.getComputedStyle) {
+  Element.getStyles = function(element) {
+    var css = document.defaultView.getComputedStyle($(element), null);
+    return Element.CSS_PROPERTIES.inject({ }, function(styles, property) {
+      styles[property] = css[property];
+      return styles;
+    });
+  };
+} else {
+  Element.getStyles = function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var css = element.currentStyle, styles;
+    styles = Element.CSS_PROPERTIES.inject({ }, function(results, property) {
+      results[property] = css[property];
+      return results;
+    });
+    if (!styles.opacity) styles.opacity = element.getOpacity();
+    return styles;
+  };
+}
+
+Effect.Methods = {
+  morph: function(element, style) {
+    element = $(element);
+    new Effect.Morph(element, Object.extend({ style: style }, arguments[2] || { }));
+    return element;
+  },
+  visualEffect: function(element, effect, options) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var s = effect.dasherize().camelize(), klass = s.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + s.substring(1);
+    new Effect[klass](element, options);
+    return element;
+  },
+  highlight: function(element, options) {
+    element = $(element);
+    new Effect.Highlight(element, options);
+    return element;
+  }
+};
+
+$w('fade appear grow shrink fold blindUp blindDown slideUp slideDown '+
+  'pulsate shake puff squish switchOff dropOut').each(
+  function(effect) {
+    Effect.Methods[effect] = function(element, options){
+      element = $(element);
+      Effect[effect.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + effect.substring(1)](element, options);
+      return element;
+    };
+  }
+);
+
+$w('getInlineOpacity forceRerendering setContentZoom collectTextNodes collectTextNodesIgnoreClass getStyles').each(
+  function(f) { Effect.Methods[f] = Element[f]; }
+);
+
+Element.addMethods(Effect.Methods);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/prototype.js b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/prototype.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dfe8ab4e13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/javascripts/prototype.js
@@ -0,0 +1,4320 @@
+/*  Prototype JavaScript framework, version 1.6.0.3
+ *  (c) 2005-2008 Sam Stephenson
+ *
+ *  Prototype is freely distributable under the terms of an MIT-style license.
+ *  For details, see the Prototype web site: http://www.prototypejs.org/
+ *
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+var Prototype = {
+  Version: '1.6.0.3',
+
+  Browser: {
+    IE:     !!(window.attachEvent &&
+      navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Opera') === -1),
+    Opera:  navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Opera') > -1,
+    WebKit: navigator.userAgent.indexOf('AppleWebKit/') > -1,
+    Gecko:  navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Gecko') > -1 &&
+      navigator.userAgent.indexOf('KHTML') === -1,
+    MobileSafari: !!navigator.userAgent.match(/Apple.*Mobile.*Safari/)
+  },
+
+  BrowserFeatures: {
+    XPath: !!document.evaluate,
+    SelectorsAPI: !!document.querySelector,
+    ElementExtensions: !!window.HTMLElement,
+    SpecificElementExtensions:
+      document.createElement('div')['__proto__'] &&
+      document.createElement('div')['__proto__'] !==
+        document.createElement('form')['__proto__']
+  },
+
+  ScriptFragment: '<script[^>]*>([\\S\\s]*?)<\/script>',
+  JSONFilter: /^\/\*-secure-([\s\S]*)\*\/\s*$/,
+
+  emptyFunction: function() { },
+  K: function(x) { return x }
+};
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.MobileSafari)
+  Prototype.BrowserFeatures.SpecificElementExtensions = false;
+
+
+/* Based on Alex Arnell's inheritance implementation. */
+var Class = {
+  create: function() {
+    var parent = null, properties = $A(arguments);
+    if (Object.isFunction(properties[0]))
+      parent = properties.shift();
+
+    function klass() {
+      this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
+    }
+
+    Object.extend(klass, Class.Methods);
+    klass.superclass = parent;
+    klass.subclasses = [];
+
+    if (parent) {
+      var subclass = function() { };
+      subclass.prototype = parent.prototype;
+      klass.prototype = new subclass;
+      parent.subclasses.push(klass);
+    }
+
+    for (var i = 0; i < properties.length; i++)
+      klass.addMethods(properties[i]);
+
+    if (!klass.prototype.initialize)
+      klass.prototype.initialize = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+
+    klass.prototype.constructor = klass;
+
+    return klass;
+  }
+};
+
+Class.Methods = {
+  addMethods: function(source) {
+    var ancestor   = this.superclass && this.superclass.prototype;
+    var properties = Object.keys(source);
+
+    if (!Object.keys({ toString: true }).length)
+      properties.push("toString", "valueOf");
+
+    for (var i = 0, length = properties.length; i < length; i++) {
+      var property = properties[i], value = source[property];
+      if (ancestor && Object.isFunction(value) &&
+          value.argumentNames().first() == "$super") {
+        var method = value;
+        value = (function(m) {
+          return function() { return ancestor[m].apply(this, arguments) };
+        })(property).wrap(method);
+
+        value.valueOf = method.valueOf.bind(method);
+        value.toString = method.toString.bind(method);
+      }
+      this.prototype[property] = value;
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  }
+};
+
+var Abstract = { };
+
+Object.extend = function(destination, source) {
+  for (var property in source)
+    destination[property] = source[property];
+  return destination;
+};
+
+Object.extend(Object, {
+  inspect: function(object) {
+    try {
+      if (Object.isUndefined(object)) return 'undefined';
+      if (object === null) return 'null';
+      return object.inspect ? object.inspect() : String(object);
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (e instanceof RangeError) return '...';
+      throw e;
+    }
+  },
+
+  toJSON: function(object) {
+    var type = typeof object;
+    switch (type) {
+      case 'undefined':
+      case 'function':
+      case 'unknown': return;
+      case 'boolean': return object.toString();
+    }
+
+    if (object === null) return 'null';
+    if (object.toJSON) return object.toJSON();
+    if (Object.isElement(object)) return;
+
+    var results = [];
+    for (var property in object) {
+      var value = Object.toJSON(object[property]);
+      if (!Object.isUndefined(value))
+        results.push(property.toJSON() + ': ' + value);
+    }
+
+    return '{' + results.join(', ') + '}';
+  },
+
+  toQueryString: function(object) {
+    return $H(object).toQueryString();
+  },
+
+  toHTML: function(object) {
+    return object && object.toHTML ? object.toHTML() : String.interpret(object);
+  },
+
+  keys: function(object) {
+    var keys = [];
+    for (var property in object)
+      keys.push(property);
+    return keys;
+  },
+
+  values: function(object) {
+    var values = [];
+    for (var property in object)
+      values.push(object[property]);
+    return values;
+  },
+
+  clone: function(object) {
+    return Object.extend({ }, object);
+  },
+
+  isElement: function(object) {
+    return !!(object && object.nodeType == 1);
+  },
+
+  isArray: function(object) {
+    return object != null && typeof object == "object" &&
+      'splice' in object && 'join' in object;
+  },
+
+  isHash: function(object) {
+    return object instanceof Hash;
+  },
+
+  isFunction: function(object) {
+    return typeof object == "function";
+  },
+
+  isString: function(object) {
+    return typeof object == "string";
+  },
+
+  isNumber: function(object) {
+    return typeof object == "number";
+  },
+
+  isUndefined: function(object) {
+    return typeof object == "undefined";
+  }
+});
+
+Object.extend(Function.prototype, {
+  argumentNames: function() {
+    var names = this.toString().match(/^[\s\(]*function[^(]*\(([^\)]*)\)/)[1]
+      .replace(/\s+/g, '').split(',');
+    return names.length == 1 && !names[0] ? [] : names;
+  },
+
+  bind: function() {
+    if (arguments.length < 2 && Object.isUndefined(arguments[0])) return this;
+    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), object = args.shift();
+    return function() {
+      return __method.apply(object, args.concat($A(arguments)));
+    }
+  },
+
+  bindAsEventListener: function() {
+    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), object = args.shift();
+    return function(event) {
+      return __method.apply(object, [event || window.event].concat(args));
+    }
+  },
+
+  curry: function() {
+    if (!arguments.length) return this;
+    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments);
+    return function() {
+      return __method.apply(this, args.concat($A(arguments)));
+    }
+  },
+
+  delay: function() {
+    var __method = this, args = $A(arguments), timeout = args.shift() * 1000;
+    return window.setTimeout(function() {
+      return __method.apply(__method, args);
+    }, timeout);
+  },
+
+  defer: function() {
+    var args = [0.01].concat($A(arguments));
+    return this.delay.apply(this, args);
+  },
+
+  wrap: function(wrapper) {
+    var __method = this;
+    return function() {
+      return wrapper.apply(this, [__method.bind(this)].concat($A(arguments)));
+    }
+  },
+
+  methodize: function() {
+    if (this._methodized) return this._methodized;
+    var __method = this;
+    return this._methodized = function() {
+      return __method.apply(null, [this].concat($A(arguments)));
+    };
+  }
+});
+
+Date.prototype.toJSON = function() {
+  return '"' + this.getUTCFullYear() + '-' +
+    (this.getUTCMonth() + 1).toPaddedString(2) + '-' +
+    this.getUTCDate().toPaddedString(2) + 'T' +
+    this.getUTCHours().toPaddedString(2) + ':' +
+    this.getUTCMinutes().toPaddedString(2) + ':' +
+    this.getUTCSeconds().toPaddedString(2) + 'Z"';
+};
+
+var Try = {
+  these: function() {
+    var returnValue;
+
+    for (var i = 0, length = arguments.length; i < length; i++) {
+      var lambda = arguments[i];
+      try {
+        returnValue = lambda();
+        break;
+      } catch (e) { }
+    }
+
+    return returnValue;
+  }
+};
+
+RegExp.prototype.match = RegExp.prototype.test;
+
+RegExp.escape = function(str) {
+  return String(str).replace(/([.*+?^=!:${}()|[\]\/\\])/g, '\\$1');
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+var PeriodicalExecuter = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(callback, frequency) {
+    this.callback = callback;
+    this.frequency = frequency;
+    this.currentlyExecuting = false;
+
+    this.registerCallback();
+  },
+
+  registerCallback: function() {
+    this.timer = setInterval(this.onTimerEvent.bind(this), this.frequency * 1000);
+  },
+
+  execute: function() {
+    this.callback(this);
+  },
+
+  stop: function() {
+    if (!this.timer) return;
+    clearInterval(this.timer);
+    this.timer = null;
+  },
+
+  onTimerEvent: function() {
+    if (!this.currentlyExecuting) {
+      try {
+        this.currentlyExecuting = true;
+        this.execute();
+      } finally {
+        this.currentlyExecuting = false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});
+Object.extend(String, {
+  interpret: function(value) {
+    return value == null ? '' : String(value);
+  },
+  specialChar: {
+    '\b': '\\b',
+    '\t': '\\t',
+    '\n': '\\n',
+    '\f': '\\f',
+    '\r': '\\r',
+    '\\': '\\\\'
+  }
+});
+
+Object.extend(String.prototype, {
+  gsub: function(pattern, replacement) {
+    var result = '', source = this, match;
+    replacement = arguments.callee.prepareReplacement(replacement);
+
+    while (source.length > 0) {
+      if (match = source.match(pattern)) {
+        result += source.slice(0, match.index);
+        result += String.interpret(replacement(match));
+        source  = source.slice(match.index + match[0].length);
+      } else {
+        result += source, source = '';
+      }
+    }
+    return result;
+  },
+
+  sub: function(pattern, replacement, count) {
+    replacement = this.gsub.prepareReplacement(replacement);
+    count = Object.isUndefined(count) ? 1 : count;
+
+    return this.gsub(pattern, function(match) {
+      if (--count < 0) return match[0];
+      return replacement(match);
+    });
+  },
+
+  scan: function(pattern, iterator) {
+    this.gsub(pattern, iterator);
+    return String(this);
+  },
+
+  truncate: function(length, truncation) {
+    length = length || 30;
+    truncation = Object.isUndefined(truncation) ? '...' : truncation;
+    return this.length > length ?
+      this.slice(0, length - truncation.length) + truncation : String(this);
+  },
+
+  strip: function() {
+    return this.replace(/^\s+/, '').replace(/\s+$/, '');
+  },
+
+  stripTags: function() {
+    return this.replace(/<\/?[^>]+>/gi, '');
+  },
+
+  stripScripts: function() {
+    return this.replace(new RegExp(Prototype.ScriptFragment, 'img'), '');
+  },
+
+  extractScripts: function() {
+    var matchAll = new RegExp(Prototype.ScriptFragment, 'img');
+    var matchOne = new RegExp(Prototype.ScriptFragment, 'im');
+    return (this.match(matchAll) || []).map(function(scriptTag) {
+      return (scriptTag.match(matchOne) || ['', ''])[1];
+    });
+  },
+
+  evalScripts: function() {
+    return this.extractScripts().map(function(script) { return eval(script) });
+  },
+
+  escapeHTML: function() {
+    var self = arguments.callee;
+    self.text.data = this;
+    return self.div.innerHTML;
+  },
+
+  unescapeHTML: function() {
+    var div = new Element('div');
+    div.innerHTML = this.stripTags();
+    return div.childNodes[0] ? (div.childNodes.length > 1 ?
+      $A(div.childNodes).inject('', function(memo, node) { return memo+node.nodeValue }) :
+      div.childNodes[0].nodeValue) : '';
+  },
+
+  toQueryParams: function(separator) {
+    var match = this.strip().match(/([^?#]*)(#.*)?$/);
+    if (!match) return { };
+
+    return match[1].split(separator || '&').inject({ }, function(hash, pair) {
+      if ((pair = pair.split('='))[0]) {
+        var key = decodeURIComponent(pair.shift());
+        var value = pair.length > 1 ? pair.join('=') : pair[0];
+        if (value != undefined) value = decodeURIComponent(value);
+
+        if (key in hash) {
+          if (!Object.isArray(hash[key])) hash[key] = [hash[key]];
+          hash[key].push(value);
+        }
+        else hash[key] = value;
+      }
+      return hash;
+    });
+  },
+
+  toArray: function() {
+    return this.split('');
+  },
+
+  succ: function() {
+    return this.slice(0, this.length - 1) +
+      String.fromCharCode(this.charCodeAt(this.length - 1) + 1);
+  },
+
+  times: function(count) {
+    return count < 1 ? '' : new Array(count + 1).join(this);
+  },
+
+  camelize: function() {
+    var parts = this.split('-'), len = parts.length;
+    if (len == 1) return parts[0];
+
+    var camelized = this.charAt(0) == '-'
+      ? parts[0].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + parts[0].substring(1)
+      : parts[0];
+
+    for (var i = 1; i < len; i++)
+      camelized += parts[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + parts[i].substring(1);
+
+    return camelized;
+  },
+
+  capitalize: function() {
+    return this.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + this.substring(1).toLowerCase();
+  },
+
+  underscore: function() {
+    return this.gsub(/::/, '/').gsub(/([A-Z]+)([A-Z][a-z])/,'#{1}_#{2}').gsub(/([a-z\d])([A-Z])/,'#{1}_#{2}').gsub(/-/,'_').toLowerCase();
+  },
+
+  dasherize: function() {
+    return this.gsub(/_/,'-');
+  },
+
+  inspect: function(useDoubleQuotes) {
+    var escapedString = this.gsub(/[\x00-\x1f\\]/, function(match) {
+      var character = String.specialChar[match[0]];
+      return character ? character : '\\u00' + match[0].charCodeAt().toPaddedString(2, 16);
+    });
+    if (useDoubleQuotes) return '"' + escapedString.replace(/"/g, '\\"') + '"';
+    return "'" + escapedString.replace(/'/g, '\\\'') + "'";
+  },
+
+  toJSON: function() {
+    return this.inspect(true);
+  },
+
+  unfilterJSON: function(filter) {
+    return this.sub(filter || Prototype.JSONFilter, '#{1}');
+  },
+
+  isJSON: function() {
+    var str = this;
+    if (str.blank()) return false;
+    str = this.replace(/\\./g, '@').replace(/"[^"\\\n\r]*"/g, '');
+    return (/^[,:{}\[\]0-9.\-+Eaeflnr-u \n\r\t]*$/).test(str);
+  },
+
+  evalJSON: function(sanitize) {
+    var json = this.unfilterJSON();
+    try {
+      if (!sanitize || json.isJSON()) return eval('(' + json + ')');
+    } catch (e) { }
+    throw new SyntaxError('Badly formed JSON string: ' + this.inspect());
+  },
+
+  include: function(pattern) {
+    return this.indexOf(pattern) > -1;
+  },
+
+  startsWith: function(pattern) {
+    return this.indexOf(pattern) === 0;
+  },
+
+  endsWith: function(pattern) {
+    var d = this.length - pattern.length;
+    return d >= 0 && this.lastIndexOf(pattern) === d;
+  },
+
+  empty: function() {
+    return this == '';
+  },
+
+  blank: function() {
+    return /^\s*$/.test(this);
+  },
+
+  interpolate: function(object, pattern) {
+    return new Template(this, pattern).evaluate(object);
+  }
+});
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit || Prototype.Browser.IE) Object.extend(String.prototype, {
+  escapeHTML: function() {
+    return this.replace(/&/g,'&amp;').replace(/</g,'&lt;').replace(/>/g,'&gt;');
+  },
+  unescapeHTML: function() {
+    return this.stripTags().replace(/&amp;/g,'&').replace(/&lt;/g,'<').replace(/&gt;/g,'>');
+  }
+});
+
+String.prototype.gsub.prepareReplacement = function(replacement) {
+  if (Object.isFunction(replacement)) return replacement;
+  var template = new Template(replacement);
+  return function(match) { return template.evaluate(match) };
+};
+
+String.prototype.parseQuery = String.prototype.toQueryParams;
+
+Object.extend(String.prototype.escapeHTML, {
+  div:  document.createElement('div'),
+  text: document.createTextNode('')
+});
+
+String.prototype.escapeHTML.div.appendChild(String.prototype.escapeHTML.text);
+
+var Template = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(template, pattern) {
+    this.template = template.toString();
+    this.pattern = pattern || Template.Pattern;
+  },
+
+  evaluate: function(object) {
+    if (Object.isFunction(object.toTemplateReplacements))
+      object = object.toTemplateReplacements();
+
+    return this.template.gsub(this.pattern, function(match) {
+      if (object == null) return '';
+
+      var before = match[1] || '';
+      if (before == '\\') return match[2];
+
+      var ctx = object, expr = match[3];
+      var pattern = /^([^.[]+|\[((?:.*?[^\\])?)\])(\.|\[|$)/;
+      match = pattern.exec(expr);
+      if (match == null) return before;
+
+      while (match != null) {
+        var comp = match[1].startsWith('[') ? match[2].gsub('\\\\]', ']') : match[1];
+        ctx = ctx[comp];
+        if (null == ctx || '' == match[3]) break;
+        expr = expr.substring('[' == match[3] ? match[1].length : match[0].length);
+        match = pattern.exec(expr);
+      }
+
+      return before + String.interpret(ctx);
+    });
+  }
+});
+Template.Pattern = /(^|.|\r|\n)(#\{(.*?)\})/;
+
+var $break = { };
+
+var Enumerable = {
+  each: function(iterator, context) {
+    var index = 0;
+    try {
+      this._each(function(value) {
+        iterator.call(context, value, index++);
+      });
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (e != $break) throw e;
+    }
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  eachSlice: function(number, iterator, context) {
+    var index = -number, slices = [], array = this.toArray();
+    if (number < 1) return array;
+    while ((index += number) < array.length)
+      slices.push(array.slice(index, index+number));
+    return slices.collect(iterator, context);
+  },
+
+  all: function(iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var result = true;
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      result = result && !!iterator.call(context, value, index);
+      if (!result) throw $break;
+    });
+    return result;
+  },
+
+  any: function(iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var result = false;
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      if (result = !!iterator.call(context, value, index))
+        throw $break;
+    });
+    return result;
+  },
+
+  collect: function(iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var results = [];
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      results.push(iterator.call(context, value, index));
+    });
+    return results;
+  },
+
+  detect: function(iterator, context) {
+    var result;
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      if (iterator.call(context, value, index)) {
+        result = value;
+        throw $break;
+      }
+    });
+    return result;
+  },
+
+  findAll: function(iterator, context) {
+    var results = [];
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      if (iterator.call(context, value, index))
+        results.push(value);
+    });
+    return results;
+  },
+
+  grep: function(filter, iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var results = [];
+
+    if (Object.isString(filter))
+      filter = new RegExp(filter);
+
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      if (filter.match(value))
+        results.push(iterator.call(context, value, index));
+    });
+    return results;
+  },
+
+  include: function(object) {
+    if (Object.isFunction(this.indexOf))
+      if (this.indexOf(object) != -1) return true;
+
+    var found = false;
+    this.each(function(value) {
+      if (value == object) {
+        found = true;
+        throw $break;
+      }
+    });
+    return found;
+  },
+
+  inGroupsOf: function(number, fillWith) {
+    fillWith = Object.isUndefined(fillWith) ? null : fillWith;
+    return this.eachSlice(number, function(slice) {
+      while(slice.length < number) slice.push(fillWith);
+      return slice;
+    });
+  },
+
+  inject: function(memo, iterator, context) {
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      memo = iterator.call(context, memo, value, index);
+    });
+    return memo;
+  },
+
+  invoke: function(method) {
+    var args = $A(arguments).slice(1);
+    return this.map(function(value) {
+      return value[method].apply(value, args);
+    });
+  },
+
+  max: function(iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var result;
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      value = iterator.call(context, value, index);
+      if (result == null || value >= result)
+        result = value;
+    });
+    return result;
+  },
+
+  min: function(iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var result;
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      value = iterator.call(context, value, index);
+      if (result == null || value < result)
+        result = value;
+    });
+    return result;
+  },
+
+  partition: function(iterator, context) {
+    iterator = iterator || Prototype.K;
+    var trues = [], falses = [];
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      (iterator.call(context, value, index) ?
+        trues : falses).push(value);
+    });
+    return [trues, falses];
+  },
+
+  pluck: function(property) {
+    var results = [];
+    this.each(function(value) {
+      results.push(value[property]);
+    });
+    return results;
+  },
+
+  reject: function(iterator, context) {
+    var results = [];
+    this.each(function(value, index) {
+      if (!iterator.call(context, value, index))
+        results.push(value);
+    });
+    return results;
+  },
+
+  sortBy: function(iterator, context) {
+    return this.map(function(value, index) {
+      return {
+        value: value,
+        criteria: iterator.call(context, value, index)
+      };
+    }).sort(function(left, right) {
+      var a = left.criteria, b = right.criteria;
+      return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0;
+    }).pluck('value');
+  },
+
+  toArray: function() {
+    return this.map();
+  },
+
+  zip: function() {
+    var iterator = Prototype.K, args = $A(arguments);
+    if (Object.isFunction(args.last()))
+      iterator = args.pop();
+
+    var collections = [this].concat(args).map($A);
+    return this.map(function(value, index) {
+      return iterator(collections.pluck(index));
+    });
+  },
+
+  size: function() {
+    return this.toArray().length;
+  },
+
+  inspect: function() {
+    return '#<Enumerable:' + this.toArray().inspect() + '>';
+  }
+};
+
+Object.extend(Enumerable, {
+  map:     Enumerable.collect,
+  find:    Enumerable.detect,
+  select:  Enumerable.findAll,
+  filter:  Enumerable.findAll,
+  member:  Enumerable.include,
+  entries: Enumerable.toArray,
+  every:   Enumerable.all,
+  some:    Enumerable.any
+});
+function $A(iterable) {
+  if (!iterable) return [];
+  if (iterable.toArray) return iterable.toArray();
+  var length = iterable.length || 0, results = new Array(length);
+  while (length--) results[length] = iterable[length];
+  return results;
+}
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit) {
+  $A = function(iterable) {
+    if (!iterable) return [];
+    // In Safari, only use the `toArray` method if it's not a NodeList.
+    // A NodeList is a function, has an function `item` property, and a numeric
+    // `length` property. Adapted from Google Doctype.
+    if (!(typeof iterable === 'function' && typeof iterable.length ===
+        'number' && typeof iterable.item === 'function') && iterable.toArray)
+      return iterable.toArray();
+    var length = iterable.length || 0, results = new Array(length);
+    while (length--) results[length] = iterable[length];
+    return results;
+  };
+}
+
+Array.from = $A;
+
+Object.extend(Array.prototype, Enumerable);
+
+if (!Array.prototype._reverse) Array.prototype._reverse = Array.prototype.reverse;
+
+Object.extend(Array.prototype, {
+  _each: function(iterator) {
+    for (var i = 0, length = this.length; i < length; i++)
+      iterator(this[i]);
+  },
+
+  clear: function() {
+    this.length = 0;
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  first: function() {
+    return this[0];
+  },
+
+  last: function() {
+    return this[this.length - 1];
+  },
+
+  compact: function() {
+    return this.select(function(value) {
+      return value != null;
+    });
+  },
+
+  flatten: function() {
+    return this.inject([], function(array, value) {
+      return array.concat(Object.isArray(value) ?
+        value.flatten() : [value]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  without: function() {
+    var values = $A(arguments);
+    return this.select(function(value) {
+      return !values.include(value);
+    });
+  },
+
+  reverse: function(inline) {
+    return (inline !== false ? this : this.toArray())._reverse();
+  },
+
+  reduce: function() {
+    return this.length > 1 ? this : this[0];
+  },
+
+  uniq: function(sorted) {
+    return this.inject([], function(array, value, index) {
+      if (0 == index || (sorted ? array.last() != value : !array.include(value)))
+        array.push(value);
+      return array;
+    });
+  },
+
+  intersect: function(array) {
+    return this.uniq().findAll(function(item) {
+      return array.detect(function(value) { return item === value });
+    });
+  },
+
+  clone: function() {
+    return [].concat(this);
+  },
+
+  size: function() {
+    return this.length;
+  },
+
+  inspect: function() {
+    return '[' + this.map(Object.inspect).join(', ') + ']';
+  },
+
+  toJSON: function() {
+    var results = [];
+    this.each(function(object) {
+      var value = Object.toJSON(object);
+      if (!Object.isUndefined(value)) results.push(value);
+    });
+    return '[' + results.join(', ') + ']';
+  }
+});
+
+// use native browser JS 1.6 implementation if available
+if (Object.isFunction(Array.prototype.forEach))
+  Array.prototype._each = Array.prototype.forEach;
+
+if (!Array.prototype.indexOf) Array.prototype.indexOf = function(item, i) {
+  i || (i = 0);
+  var length = this.length;
+  if (i < 0) i = length + i;
+  for (; i < length; i++)
+    if (this[i] === item) return i;
+  return -1;
+};
+
+if (!Array.prototype.lastIndexOf) Array.prototype.lastIndexOf = function(item, i) {
+  i = isNaN(i) ? this.length : (i < 0 ? this.length + i : i) + 1;
+  var n = this.slice(0, i).reverse().indexOf(item);
+  return (n < 0) ? n : i - n - 1;
+};
+
+Array.prototype.toArray = Array.prototype.clone;
+
+function $w(string) {
+  if (!Object.isString(string)) return [];
+  string = string.strip();
+  return string ? string.split(/\s+/) : [];
+}
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.Opera){
+  Array.prototype.concat = function() {
+    var array = [];
+    for (var i = 0, length = this.length; i < length; i++) array.push(this[i]);
+    for (var i = 0, length = arguments.length; i < length; i++) {
+      if (Object.isArray(arguments[i])) {
+        for (var j = 0, arrayLength = arguments[i].length; j < arrayLength; j++)
+          array.push(arguments[i][j]);
+      } else {
+        array.push(arguments[i]);
+      }
+    }
+    return array;
+  };
+}
+Object.extend(Number.prototype, {
+  toColorPart: function() {
+    return this.toPaddedString(2, 16);
+  },
+
+  succ: function() {
+    return this + 1;
+  },
+
+  times: function(iterator, context) {
+    $R(0, this, true).each(iterator, context);
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  toPaddedString: function(length, radix) {
+    var string = this.toString(radix || 10);
+    return '0'.times(length - string.length) + string;
+  },
+
+  toJSON: function() {
+    return isFinite(this) ? this.toString() : 'null';
+  }
+});
+
+$w('abs round ceil floor').each(function(method){
+  Number.prototype[method] = Math[method].methodize();
+});
+function $H(object) {
+  return new Hash(object);
+};
+
+var Hash = Class.create(Enumerable, (function() {
+
+  function toQueryPair(key, value) {
+    if (Object.isUndefined(value)) return key;
+    return key + '=' + encodeURIComponent(String.interpret(value));
+  }
+
+  return {
+    initialize: function(object) {
+      this._object = Object.isHash(object) ? object.toObject() : Object.clone(object);
+    },
+
+    _each: function(iterator) {
+      for (var key in this._object) {
+        var value = this._object[key], pair = [key, value];
+        pair.key = key;
+        pair.value = value;
+        iterator(pair);
+      }
+    },
+
+    set: function(key, value) {
+      return this._object[key] = value;
+    },
+
+    get: function(key) {
+      // simulating poorly supported hasOwnProperty
+      if (this._object[key] !== Object.prototype[key])
+        return this._object[key];
+    },
+
+    unset: function(key) {
+      var value = this._object[key];
+      delete this._object[key];
+      return value;
+    },
+
+    toObject: function() {
+      return Object.clone(this._object);
+    },
+
+    keys: function() {
+      return this.pluck('key');
+    },
+
+    values: function() {
+      return this.pluck('value');
+    },
+
+    index: function(value) {
+      var match = this.detect(function(pair) {
+        return pair.value === value;
+      });
+      return match && match.key;
+    },
+
+    merge: function(object) {
+      return this.clone().update(object);
+    },
+
+    update: function(object) {
+      return new Hash(object).inject(this, function(result, pair) {
+        result.set(pair.key, pair.value);
+        return result;
+      });
+    },
+
+    toQueryString: function() {
+      return this.inject([], function(results, pair) {
+        var key = encodeURIComponent(pair.key), values = pair.value;
+
+        if (values && typeof values == 'object') {
+          if (Object.isArray(values))
+            return results.concat(values.map(toQueryPair.curry(key)));
+        } else results.push(toQueryPair(key, values));
+        return results;
+      }).join('&');
+    },
+
+    inspect: function() {
+      return '#<Hash:{' + this.map(function(pair) {
+        return pair.map(Object.inspect).join(': ');
+      }).join(', ') + '}>';
+    },
+
+    toJSON: function() {
+      return Object.toJSON(this.toObject());
+    },
+
+    clone: function() {
+      return new Hash(this);
+    }
+  }
+})());
+
+Hash.prototype.toTemplateReplacements = Hash.prototype.toObject;
+Hash.from = $H;
+var ObjectRange = Class.create(Enumerable, {
+  initialize: function(start, end, exclusive) {
+    this.start = start;
+    this.end = end;
+    this.exclusive = exclusive;
+  },
+
+  _each: function(iterator) {
+    var value = this.start;
+    while (this.include(value)) {
+      iterator(value);
+      value = value.succ();
+    }
+  },
+
+  include: function(value) {
+    if (value < this.start)
+      return false;
+    if (this.exclusive)
+      return value < this.end;
+    return value <= this.end;
+  }
+});
+
+var $R = function(start, end, exclusive) {
+  return new ObjectRange(start, end, exclusive);
+};
+
+var Ajax = {
+  getTransport: function() {
+    return Try.these(
+      function() {return new XMLHttpRequest()},
+      function() {return new ActiveXObject('Msxml2.XMLHTTP')},
+      function() {return new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP')}
+    ) || false;
+  },
+
+  activeRequestCount: 0
+};
+
+Ajax.Responders = {
+  responders: [],
+
+  _each: function(iterator) {
+    this.responders._each(iterator);
+  },
+
+  register: function(responder) {
+    if (!this.include(responder))
+      this.responders.push(responder);
+  },
+
+  unregister: function(responder) {
+    this.responders = this.responders.without(responder);
+  },
+
+  dispatch: function(callback, request, transport, json) {
+    this.each(function(responder) {
+      if (Object.isFunction(responder[callback])) {
+        try {
+          responder[callback].apply(responder, [request, transport, json]);
+        } catch (e) { }
+      }
+    });
+  }
+};
+
+Object.extend(Ajax.Responders, Enumerable);
+
+Ajax.Responders.register({
+  onCreate:   function() { Ajax.activeRequestCount++ },
+  onComplete: function() { Ajax.activeRequestCount-- }
+});
+
+Ajax.Base = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(options) {
+    this.options = {
+      method:       'post',
+      asynchronous: true,
+      contentType:  'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
+      encoding:     'UTF-8',
+      parameters:   '',
+      evalJSON:     true,
+      evalJS:       true
+    };
+    Object.extend(this.options, options || { });
+
+    this.options.method = this.options.method.toLowerCase();
+
+    if (Object.isString(this.options.parameters))
+      this.options.parameters = this.options.parameters.toQueryParams();
+    else if (Object.isHash(this.options.parameters))
+      this.options.parameters = this.options.parameters.toObject();
+  }
+});
+
+Ajax.Request = Class.create(Ajax.Base, {
+  _complete: false,
+
+  initialize: function($super, url, options) {
+    $super(options);
+    this.transport = Ajax.getTransport();
+    this.request(url);
+  },
+
+  request: function(url) {
+    this.url = url;
+    this.method = this.options.method;
+    var params = Object.clone(this.options.parameters);
+
+    if (!['get', 'post'].include(this.method)) {
+      // simulate other verbs over post
+      params['_method'] = this.method;
+      this.method = 'post';
+    }
+
+    this.parameters = params;
+
+    if (params = Object.toQueryString(params)) {
+      // when GET, append parameters to URL
+      if (this.method == 'get')
+        this.url += (this.url.include('?') ? '&' : '?') + params;
+      else if (/Konqueror|Safari|KHTML/.test(navigator.userAgent))
+        params += '&_=';
+    }
+
+    try {
+      var response = new Ajax.Response(this);
+      if (this.options.onCreate) this.options.onCreate(response);
+      Ajax.Responders.dispatch('onCreate', this, response);
+
+      this.transport.open(this.method.toUpperCase(), this.url,
+        this.options.asynchronous);
+
+      if (this.options.asynchronous) this.respondToReadyState.bind(this).defer(1);
+
+      this.transport.onreadystatechange = this.onStateChange.bind(this);
+      this.setRequestHeaders();
+
+      this.body = this.method == 'post' ? (this.options.postBody || params) : null;
+      this.transport.send(this.body);
+
+      /* Force Firefox to handle ready state 4 for synchronous requests */
+      if (!this.options.asynchronous && this.transport.overrideMimeType)
+        this.onStateChange();
+
+    }
+    catch (e) {
+      this.dispatchException(e);
+    }
+  },
+
+  onStateChange: function() {
+    var readyState = this.transport.readyState;
+    if (readyState > 1 && !((readyState == 4) && this._complete))
+      this.respondToReadyState(this.transport.readyState);
+  },
+
+  setRequestHeaders: function() {
+    var headers = {
+      'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
+      'X-Prototype-Version': Prototype.Version,
+      'Accept': 'text/javascript, text/html, application/xml, text/xml, */*'
+    };
+
+    if (this.method == 'post') {
+      headers['Content-type'] = this.options.contentType +
+        (this.options.encoding ? '; charset=' + this.options.encoding : '');
+
+      /* Force "Connection: close" for older Mozilla browsers to work
+       * around a bug where XMLHttpRequest sends an incorrect
+       * Content-length header. See Mozilla Bugzilla #246651.
+       */
+      if (this.transport.overrideMimeType &&
+          (navigator.userAgent.match(/Gecko\/(\d{4})/) || [0,2005])[1] < 2005)
+            headers['Connection'] = 'close';
+    }
+
+    // user-defined headers
+    if (typeof this.options.requestHeaders == 'object') {
+      var extras = this.options.requestHeaders;
+
+      if (Object.isFunction(extras.push))
+        for (var i = 0, length = extras.length; i < length; i += 2)
+          headers[extras[i]] = extras[i+1];
+      else
+        $H(extras).each(function(pair) { headers[pair.key] = pair.value });
+    }
+
+    for (var name in headers)
+      this.transport.setRequestHeader(name, headers[name]);
+  },
+
+  success: function() {
+    var status = this.getStatus();
+    return !status || (status >= 200 && status < 300);
+  },
+
+  getStatus: function() {
+    try {
+      return this.transport.status || 0;
+    } catch (e) { return 0 }
+  },
+
+  respondToReadyState: function(readyState) {
+    var state = Ajax.Request.Events[readyState], response = new Ajax.Response(this);
+
+    if (state == 'Complete') {
+      try {
+        this._complete = true;
+        (this.options['on' + response.status]
+         || this.options['on' + (this.success() ? 'Success' : 'Failure')]
+         || Prototype.emptyFunction)(response, response.headerJSON);
+      } catch (e) {
+        this.dispatchException(e);
+      }
+
+      var contentType = response.getHeader('Content-type');
+      if (this.options.evalJS == 'force'
+          || (this.options.evalJS && this.isSameOrigin() && contentType
+          && contentType.match(/^\s*(text|application)\/(x-)?(java|ecma)script(;.*)?\s*$/i)))
+        this.evalResponse();
+    }
+
+    try {
+      (this.options['on' + state] || Prototype.emptyFunction)(response, response.headerJSON);
+      Ajax.Responders.dispatch('on' + state, this, response, response.headerJSON);
+    } catch (e) {
+      this.dispatchException(e);
+    }
+
+    if (state == 'Complete') {
+      // avoid memory leak in MSIE: clean up
+      this.transport.onreadystatechange = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+    }
+  },
+
+  isSameOrigin: function() {
+    var m = this.url.match(/^\s*https?:\/\/[^\/]*/);
+    return !m || (m[0] == '#{protocol}//#{domain}#{port}'.interpolate({
+      protocol: location.protocol,
+      domain: document.domain,
+      port: location.port ? ':' + location.port : ''
+    }));
+  },
+
+  getHeader: function(name) {
+    try {
+      return this.transport.getResponseHeader(name) || null;
+    } catch (e) { return null }
+  },
+
+  evalResponse: function() {
+    try {
+      return eval((this.transport.responseText || '').unfilterJSON());
+    } catch (e) {
+      this.dispatchException(e);
+    }
+  },
+
+  dispatchException: function(exception) {
+    (this.options.onException || Prototype.emptyFunction)(this, exception);
+    Ajax.Responders.dispatch('onException', this, exception);
+  }
+});
+
+Ajax.Request.Events =
+  ['Uninitialized', 'Loading', 'Loaded', 'Interactive', 'Complete'];
+
+Ajax.Response = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(request){
+    this.request = request;
+    var transport  = this.transport  = request.transport,
+        readyState = this.readyState = transport.readyState;
+
+    if((readyState > 2 && !Prototype.Browser.IE) || readyState == 4) {
+      this.status       = this.getStatus();
+      this.statusText   = this.getStatusText();
+      this.responseText = String.interpret(transport.responseText);
+      this.headerJSON   = this._getHeaderJSON();
+    }
+
+    if(readyState == 4) {
+      var xml = transport.responseXML;
+      this.responseXML  = Object.isUndefined(xml) ? null : xml;
+      this.responseJSON = this._getResponseJSON();
+    }
+  },
+
+  status:      0,
+  statusText: '',
+
+  getStatus: Ajax.Request.prototype.getStatus,
+
+  getStatusText: function() {
+    try {
+      return this.transport.statusText || '';
+    } catch (e) { return '' }
+  },
+
+  getHeader: Ajax.Request.prototype.getHeader,
+
+  getAllHeaders: function() {
+    try {
+      return this.getAllResponseHeaders();
+    } catch (e) { return null }
+  },
+
+  getResponseHeader: function(name) {
+    return this.transport.getResponseHeader(name);
+  },
+
+  getAllResponseHeaders: function() {
+    return this.transport.getAllResponseHeaders();
+  },
+
+  _getHeaderJSON: function() {
+    var json = this.getHeader('X-JSON');
+    if (!json) return null;
+    json = decodeURIComponent(escape(json));
+    try {
+      return json.evalJSON(this.request.options.sanitizeJSON ||
+        !this.request.isSameOrigin());
+    } catch (e) {
+      this.request.dispatchException(e);
+    }
+  },
+
+  _getResponseJSON: function() {
+    var options = this.request.options;
+    if (!options.evalJSON || (options.evalJSON != 'force' &&
+      !(this.getHeader('Content-type') || '').include('application/json')) ||
+        this.responseText.blank())
+          return null;
+    try {
+      return this.responseText.evalJSON(options.sanitizeJSON ||
+        !this.request.isSameOrigin());
+    } catch (e) {
+      this.request.dispatchException(e);
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+Ajax.Updater = Class.create(Ajax.Request, {
+  initialize: function($super, container, url, options) {
+    this.container = {
+      success: (container.success || container),
+      failure: (container.failure || (container.success ? null : container))
+    };
+
+    options = Object.clone(options);
+    var onComplete = options.onComplete;
+    options.onComplete = (function(response, json) {
+      this.updateContent(response.responseText);
+      if (Object.isFunction(onComplete)) onComplete(response, json);
+    }).bind(this);
+
+    $super(url, options);
+  },
+
+  updateContent: function(responseText) {
+    var receiver = this.container[this.success() ? 'success' : 'failure'],
+        options = this.options;
+
+    if (!options.evalScripts) responseText = responseText.stripScripts();
+
+    if (receiver = $(receiver)) {
+      if (options.insertion) {
+        if (Object.isString(options.insertion)) {
+          var insertion = { }; insertion[options.insertion] = responseText;
+          receiver.insert(insertion);
+        }
+        else options.insertion(receiver, responseText);
+      }
+      else receiver.update(responseText);
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+Ajax.PeriodicalUpdater = Class.create(Ajax.Base, {
+  initialize: function($super, container, url, options) {
+    $super(options);
+    this.onComplete = this.options.onComplete;
+
+    this.frequency = (this.options.frequency || 2);
+    this.decay = (this.options.decay || 1);
+
+    this.updater = { };
+    this.container = container;
+    this.url = url;
+
+    this.start();
+  },
+
+  start: function() {
+    this.options.onComplete = this.updateComplete.bind(this);
+    this.onTimerEvent();
+  },
+
+  stop: function() {
+    this.updater.options.onComplete = undefined;
+    clearTimeout(this.timer);
+    (this.onComplete || Prototype.emptyFunction).apply(this, arguments);
+  },
+
+  updateComplete: function(response) {
+    if (this.options.decay) {
+      this.decay = (response.responseText == this.lastText ?
+        this.decay * this.options.decay : 1);
+
+      this.lastText = response.responseText;
+    }
+    this.timer = this.onTimerEvent.bind(this).delay(this.decay * this.frequency);
+  },
+
+  onTimerEvent: function() {
+    this.updater = new Ajax.Updater(this.container, this.url, this.options);
+  }
+});
+function $(element) {
+  if (arguments.length > 1) {
+    for (var i = 0, elements = [], length = arguments.length; i < length; i++)
+      elements.push($(arguments[i]));
+    return elements;
+  }
+  if (Object.isString(element))
+    element = document.getElementById(element);
+  return Element.extend(element);
+}
+
+if (Prototype.BrowserFeatures.XPath) {
+  document._getElementsByXPath = function(expression, parentElement) {
+    var results = [];
+    var query = document.evaluate(expression, $(parentElement) || document,
+      null, XPathResult.ORDERED_NODE_SNAPSHOT_TYPE, null);
+    for (var i = 0, length = query.snapshotLength; i < length; i++)
+      results.push(Element.extend(query.snapshotItem(i)));
+    return results;
+  };
+}
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+if (!window.Node) var Node = { };
+
+if (!Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+  // DOM level 2 ECMAScript Language Binding
+  Object.extend(Node, {
+    ELEMENT_NODE: 1,
+    ATTRIBUTE_NODE: 2,
+    TEXT_NODE: 3,
+    CDATA_SECTION_NODE: 4,
+    ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE: 5,
+    ENTITY_NODE: 6,
+    PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE: 7,
+    COMMENT_NODE: 8,
+    DOCUMENT_NODE: 9,
+    DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE: 10,
+    DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE: 11,
+    NOTATION_NODE: 12
+  });
+}
+
+(function() {
+  var element = this.Element;
+  this.Element = function(tagName, attributes) {
+    attributes = attributes || { };
+    tagName = tagName.toLowerCase();
+    var cache = Element.cache;
+    if (Prototype.Browser.IE && attributes.name) {
+      tagName = '<' + tagName + ' name="' + attributes.name + '">';
+      delete attributes.name;
+      return Element.writeAttribute(document.createElement(tagName), attributes);
+    }
+    if (!cache[tagName]) cache[tagName] = Element.extend(document.createElement(tagName));
+    return Element.writeAttribute(cache[tagName].cloneNode(false), attributes);
+  };
+  Object.extend(this.Element, element || { });
+  if (element) this.Element.prototype = element.prototype;
+}).call(window);
+
+Element.cache = { };
+
+Element.Methods = {
+  visible: function(element) {
+    return $(element).style.display != 'none';
+  },
+
+  toggle: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    Element[Element.visible(element) ? 'hide' : 'show'](element);
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  hide: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.style.display = 'none';
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  show: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.style.display = '';
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  remove: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.parentNode.removeChild(element);
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  update: function(element, content) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (content && content.toElement) content = content.toElement();
+    if (Object.isElement(content)) return element.update().insert(content);
+    content = Object.toHTML(content);
+    element.innerHTML = content.stripScripts();
+    content.evalScripts.bind(content).defer();
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  replace: function(element, content) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (content && content.toElement) content = content.toElement();
+    else if (!Object.isElement(content)) {
+      content = Object.toHTML(content);
+      var range = element.ownerDocument.createRange();
+      range.selectNode(element);
+      content.evalScripts.bind(content).defer();
+      content = range.createContextualFragment(content.stripScripts());
+    }
+    element.parentNode.replaceChild(content, element);
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  insert: function(element, insertions) {
+    element = $(element);
+
+    if (Object.isString(insertions) || Object.isNumber(insertions) ||
+        Object.isElement(insertions) || (insertions && (insertions.toElement || insertions.toHTML)))
+          insertions = {bottom:insertions};
+
+    var content, insert, tagName, childNodes;
+
+    for (var position in insertions) {
+      content  = insertions[position];
+      position = position.toLowerCase();
+      insert = Element._insertionTranslations[position];
+
+      if (content && content.toElement) content = content.toElement();
+      if (Object.isElement(content)) {
+        insert(element, content);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      content = Object.toHTML(content);
+
+      tagName = ((position == 'before' || position == 'after')
+        ? element.parentNode : element).tagName.toUpperCase();
+
+      childNodes = Element._getContentFromAnonymousElement(tagName, content.stripScripts());
+
+      if (position == 'top' || position == 'after') childNodes.reverse();
+      childNodes.each(insert.curry(element));
+
+      content.evalScripts.bind(content).defer();
+    }
+
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  wrap: function(element, wrapper, attributes) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (Object.isElement(wrapper))
+      $(wrapper).writeAttribute(attributes || { });
+    else if (Object.isString(wrapper)) wrapper = new Element(wrapper, attributes);
+    else wrapper = new Element('div', wrapper);
+    if (element.parentNode)
+      element.parentNode.replaceChild(wrapper, element);
+    wrapper.appendChild(element);
+    return wrapper;
+  },
+
+  inspect: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var result = '<' + element.tagName.toLowerCase();
+    $H({'id': 'id', 'className': 'class'}).each(function(pair) {
+      var property = pair.first(), attribute = pair.last();
+      var value = (element[property] || '').toString();
+      if (value) result += ' ' + attribute + '=' + value.inspect(true);
+    });
+    return result + '>';
+  },
+
+  recursivelyCollect: function(element, property) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var elements = [];
+    while (element = element[property])
+      if (element.nodeType == 1)
+        elements.push(Element.extend(element));
+    return elements;
+  },
+
+  ancestors: function(element) {
+    return $(element).recursivelyCollect('parentNode');
+  },
+
+  descendants: function(element) {
+    return $(element).select("*");
+  },
+
+  firstDescendant: function(element) {
+    element = $(element).firstChild;
+    while (element && element.nodeType != 1) element = element.nextSibling;
+    return $(element);
+  },
+
+  immediateDescendants: function(element) {
+    if (!(element = $(element).firstChild)) return [];
+    while (element && element.nodeType != 1) element = element.nextSibling;
+    if (element) return [element].concat($(element).nextSiblings());
+    return [];
+  },
+
+  previousSiblings: function(element) {
+    return $(element).recursivelyCollect('previousSibling');
+  },
+
+  nextSiblings: function(element) {
+    return $(element).recursivelyCollect('nextSibling');
+  },
+
+  siblings: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    return element.previousSiblings().reverse().concat(element.nextSiblings());
+  },
+
+  match: function(element, selector) {
+    if (Object.isString(selector))
+      selector = new Selector(selector);
+    return selector.match($(element));
+  },
+
+  up: function(element, expression, index) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (arguments.length == 1) return $(element.parentNode);
+    var ancestors = element.ancestors();
+    return Object.isNumber(expression) ? ancestors[expression] :
+      Selector.findElement(ancestors, expression, index);
+  },
+
+  down: function(element, expression, index) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (arguments.length == 1) return element.firstDescendant();
+    return Object.isNumber(expression) ? element.descendants()[expression] :
+      Element.select(element, expression)[index || 0];
+  },
+
+  previous: function(element, expression, index) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (arguments.length == 1) return $(Selector.handlers.previousElementSibling(element));
+    var previousSiblings = element.previousSiblings();
+    return Object.isNumber(expression) ? previousSiblings[expression] :
+      Selector.findElement(previousSiblings, expression, index);
+  },
+
+  next: function(element, expression, index) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (arguments.length == 1) return $(Selector.handlers.nextElementSibling(element));
+    var nextSiblings = element.nextSiblings();
+    return Object.isNumber(expression) ? nextSiblings[expression] :
+      Selector.findElement(nextSiblings, expression, index);
+  },
+
+  select: function() {
+    var args = $A(arguments), element = $(args.shift());
+    return Selector.findChildElements(element, args);
+  },
+
+  adjacent: function() {
+    var args = $A(arguments), element = $(args.shift());
+    return Selector.findChildElements(element.parentNode, args).without(element);
+  },
+
+  identify: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var id = element.readAttribute('id'), self = arguments.callee;
+    if (id) return id;
+    do { id = 'anonymous_element_' + self.counter++ } while ($(id));
+    element.writeAttribute('id', id);
+    return id;
+  },
+
+  readAttribute: function(element, name) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (Prototype.Browser.IE) {
+      var t = Element._attributeTranslations.read;
+      if (t.values[name]) return t.values[name](element, name);
+      if (t.names[name]) name = t.names[name];
+      if (name.include(':')) {
+        return (!element.attributes || !element.attributes[name]) ? null :
+         element.attributes[name].value;
+      }
+    }
+    return element.getAttribute(name);
+  },
+
+  writeAttribute: function(element, name, value) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var attributes = { }, t = Element._attributeTranslations.write;
+
+    if (typeof name == 'object') attributes = name;
+    else attributes[name] = Object.isUndefined(value) ? true : value;
+
+    for (var attr in attributes) {
+      name = t.names[attr] || attr;
+      value = attributes[attr];
+      if (t.values[attr]) name = t.values[attr](element, value);
+      if (value === false || value === null)
+        element.removeAttribute(name);
+      else if (value === true)
+        element.setAttribute(name, name);
+      else element.setAttribute(name, value);
+    }
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  getHeight: function(element) {
+    return $(element).getDimensions().height;
+  },
+
+  getWidth: function(element) {
+    return $(element).getDimensions().width;
+  },
+
+  classNames: function(element) {
+    return new Element.ClassNames(element);
+  },
+
+  hasClassName: function(element, className) {
+    if (!(element = $(element))) return;
+    var elementClassName = element.className;
+    return (elementClassName.length > 0 && (elementClassName == className ||
+      new RegExp("(^|\\s)" + className + "(\\s|$)").test(elementClassName)));
+  },
+
+  addClassName: function(element, className) {
+    if (!(element = $(element))) return;
+    if (!element.hasClassName(className))
+      element.className += (element.className ? ' ' : '') + className;
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  removeClassName: function(element, className) {
+    if (!(element = $(element))) return;
+    element.className = element.className.replace(
+      new RegExp("(^|\\s+)" + className + "(\\s+|$)"), ' ').strip();
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  toggleClassName: function(element, className) {
+    if (!(element = $(element))) return;
+    return element[element.hasClassName(className) ?
+      'removeClassName' : 'addClassName'](className);
+  },
+
+  // removes whitespace-only text node children
+  cleanWhitespace: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var node = element.firstChild;
+    while (node) {
+      var nextNode = node.nextSibling;
+      if (node.nodeType == 3 && !/\S/.test(node.nodeValue))
+        element.removeChild(node);
+      node = nextNode;
+    }
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  empty: function(element) {
+    return $(element).innerHTML.blank();
+  },
+
+  descendantOf: function(element, ancestor) {
+    element = $(element), ancestor = $(ancestor);
+
+    if (element.compareDocumentPosition)
+      return (element.compareDocumentPosition(ancestor) & 8) === 8;
+
+    if (ancestor.contains)
+      return ancestor.contains(element) && ancestor !== element;
+
+    while (element = element.parentNode)
+      if (element == ancestor) return true;
+
+    return false;
+  },
+
+  scrollTo: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var pos = element.cumulativeOffset();
+    window.scrollTo(pos[0], pos[1]);
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  getStyle: function(element, style) {
+    element = $(element);
+    style = style == 'float' ? 'cssFloat' : style.camelize();
+    var value = element.style[style];
+    if (!value || value == 'auto') {
+      var css = document.defaultView.getComputedStyle(element, null);
+      value = css ? css[style] : null;
+    }
+    if (style == 'opacity') return value ? parseFloat(value) : 1.0;
+    return value == 'auto' ? null : value;
+  },
+
+  getOpacity: function(element) {
+    return $(element).getStyle('opacity');
+  },
+
+  setStyle: function(element, styles) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var elementStyle = element.style, match;
+    if (Object.isString(styles)) {
+      element.style.cssText += ';' + styles;
+      return styles.include('opacity') ?
+        element.setOpacity(styles.match(/opacity:\s*(\d?\.?\d*)/)[1]) : element;
+    }
+    for (var property in styles)
+      if (property == 'opacity') element.setOpacity(styles[property]);
+      else
+        elementStyle[(property == 'float' || property == 'cssFloat') ?
+          (Object.isUndefined(elementStyle.styleFloat) ? 'cssFloat' : 'styleFloat') :
+            property] = styles[property];
+
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  setOpacity: function(element, value) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.style.opacity = (value == 1 || value === '') ? '' :
+      (value < 0.00001) ? 0 : value;
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  getDimensions: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var display = element.getStyle('display');
+    if (display != 'none' && display != null) // Safari bug
+      return {width: element.offsetWidth, height: element.offsetHeight};
+
+    // All *Width and *Height properties give 0 on elements with display none,
+    // so enable the element temporarily
+    var els = element.style;
+    var originalVisibility = els.visibility;
+    var originalPosition = els.position;
+    var originalDisplay = els.display;
+    els.visibility = 'hidden';
+    els.position = 'absolute';
+    els.display = 'block';
+    var originalWidth = element.clientWidth;
+    var originalHeight = element.clientHeight;
+    els.display = originalDisplay;
+    els.position = originalPosition;
+    els.visibility = originalVisibility;
+    return {width: originalWidth, height: originalHeight};
+  },
+
+  makePositioned: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var pos = Element.getStyle(element, 'position');
+    if (pos == 'static' || !pos) {
+      element._madePositioned = true;
+      element.style.position = 'relative';
+      // Opera returns the offset relative to the positioning context, when an
+      // element is position relative but top and left have not been defined
+      if (Prototype.Browser.Opera) {
+        element.style.top = 0;
+        element.style.left = 0;
+      }
+    }
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  undoPositioned: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (element._madePositioned) {
+      element._madePositioned = undefined;
+      element.style.position =
+        element.style.top =
+        element.style.left =
+        element.style.bottom =
+        element.style.right = '';
+    }
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  makeClipping: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (element._overflow) return element;
+    element._overflow = Element.getStyle(element, 'overflow') || 'auto';
+    if (element._overflow !== 'hidden')
+      element.style.overflow = 'hidden';
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  undoClipping: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (!element._overflow) return element;
+    element.style.overflow = element._overflow == 'auto' ? '' : element._overflow;
+    element._overflow = null;
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  cumulativeOffset: function(element) {
+    var valueT = 0, valueL = 0;
+    do {
+      valueT += element.offsetTop  || 0;
+      valueL += element.offsetLeft || 0;
+      element = element.offsetParent;
+    } while (element);
+    return Element._returnOffset(valueL, valueT);
+  },
+
+  positionedOffset: function(element) {
+    var valueT = 0, valueL = 0;
+    do {
+      valueT += element.offsetTop  || 0;
+      valueL += element.offsetLeft || 0;
+      element = element.offsetParent;
+      if (element) {
+        if (element.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'BODY') break;
+        var p = Element.getStyle(element, 'position');
+        if (p !== 'static') break;
+      }
+    } while (element);
+    return Element._returnOffset(valueL, valueT);
+  },
+
+  absolutize: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (element.getStyle('position') == 'absolute') return element;
+    // Position.prepare(); // To be done manually by Scripty when it needs it.
+
+    var offsets = element.positionedOffset();
+    var top     = offsets[1];
+    var left    = offsets[0];
+    var width   = element.clientWidth;
+    var height  = element.clientHeight;
+
+    element._originalLeft   = left - parseFloat(element.style.left  || 0);
+    element._originalTop    = top  - parseFloat(element.style.top || 0);
+    element._originalWidth  = element.style.width;
+    element._originalHeight = element.style.height;
+
+    element.style.position = 'absolute';
+    element.style.top    = top + 'px';
+    element.style.left   = left + 'px';
+    element.style.width  = width + 'px';
+    element.style.height = height + 'px';
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  relativize: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (element.getStyle('position') == 'relative') return element;
+    // Position.prepare(); // To be done manually by Scripty when it needs it.
+
+    element.style.position = 'relative';
+    var top  = parseFloat(element.style.top  || 0) - (element._originalTop || 0);
+    var left = parseFloat(element.style.left || 0) - (element._originalLeft || 0);
+
+    element.style.top    = top + 'px';
+    element.style.left   = left + 'px';
+    element.style.height = element._originalHeight;
+    element.style.width  = element._originalWidth;
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  cumulativeScrollOffset: function(element) {
+    var valueT = 0, valueL = 0;
+    do {
+      valueT += element.scrollTop  || 0;
+      valueL += element.scrollLeft || 0;
+      element = element.parentNode;
+    } while (element);
+    return Element._returnOffset(valueL, valueT);
+  },
+
+  getOffsetParent: function(element) {
+    if (element.offsetParent) return $(element.offsetParent);
+    if (element == document.body) return $(element);
+
+    while ((element = element.parentNode) && element != document.body)
+      if (Element.getStyle(element, 'position') != 'static')
+        return $(element);
+
+    return $(document.body);
+  },
+
+  viewportOffset: function(forElement) {
+    var valueT = 0, valueL = 0;
+
+    var element = forElement;
+    do {
+      valueT += element.offsetTop  || 0;
+      valueL += element.offsetLeft || 0;
+
+      // Safari fix
+      if (element.offsetParent == document.body &&
+        Element.getStyle(element, 'position') == 'absolute') break;
+
+    } while (element = element.offsetParent);
+
+    element = forElement;
+    do {
+      if (!Prototype.Browser.Opera || (element.tagName && (element.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'BODY'))) {
+        valueT -= element.scrollTop  || 0;
+        valueL -= element.scrollLeft || 0;
+      }
+    } while (element = element.parentNode);
+
+    return Element._returnOffset(valueL, valueT);
+  },
+
+  clonePosition: function(element, source) {
+    var options = Object.extend({
+      setLeft:    true,
+      setTop:     true,
+      setWidth:   true,
+      setHeight:  true,
+      offsetTop:  0,
+      offsetLeft: 0
+    }, arguments[2] || { });
+
+    // find page position of source
+    source = $(source);
+    var p = source.viewportOffset();
+
+    // find coordinate system to use
+    element = $(element);
+    var delta = [0, 0];
+    var parent = null;
+    // delta [0,0] will do fine with position: fixed elements,
+    // position:absolute needs offsetParent deltas
+    if (Element.getStyle(element, 'position') == 'absolute') {
+      parent = element.getOffsetParent();
+      delta = parent.viewportOffset();
+    }
+
+    // correct by body offsets (fixes Safari)
+    if (parent == document.body) {
+      delta[0] -= document.body.offsetLeft;
+      delta[1] -= document.body.offsetTop;
+    }
+
+    // set position
+    if (options.setLeft)   element.style.left  = (p[0] - delta[0] + options.offsetLeft) + 'px';
+    if (options.setTop)    element.style.top   = (p[1] - delta[1] + options.offsetTop) + 'px';
+    if (options.setWidth)  element.style.width = source.offsetWidth + 'px';
+    if (options.setHeight) element.style.height = source.offsetHeight + 'px';
+    return element;
+  }
+};
+
+Element.Methods.identify.counter = 1;
+
+Object.extend(Element.Methods, {
+  getElementsBySelector: Element.Methods.select,
+  childElements: Element.Methods.immediateDescendants
+});
+
+Element._attributeTranslations = {
+  write: {
+    names: {
+      className: 'class',
+      htmlFor:   'for'
+    },
+    values: { }
+  }
+};
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.Opera) {
+  Element.Methods.getStyle = Element.Methods.getStyle.wrap(
+    function(proceed, element, style) {
+      switch (style) {
+        case 'left': case 'top': case 'right': case 'bottom':
+          if (proceed(element, 'position') === 'static') return null;
+        case 'height': case 'width':
+          // returns '0px' for hidden elements; we want it to return null
+          if (!Element.visible(element)) return null;
+
+          // returns the border-box dimensions rather than the content-box
+          // dimensions, so we subtract padding and borders from the value
+          var dim = parseInt(proceed(element, style), 10);
+
+          if (dim !== element['offset' + style.capitalize()])
+            return dim + 'px';
+
+          var properties;
+          if (style === 'height') {
+            properties = ['border-top-width', 'padding-top',
+             'padding-bottom', 'border-bottom-width'];
+          }
+          else {
+            properties = ['border-left-width', 'padding-left',
+             'padding-right', 'border-right-width'];
+          }
+          return properties.inject(dim, function(memo, property) {
+            var val = proceed(element, property);
+            return val === null ? memo : memo - parseInt(val, 10);
+          }) + 'px';
+        default: return proceed(element, style);
+      }
+    }
+  );
+
+  Element.Methods.readAttribute = Element.Methods.readAttribute.wrap(
+    function(proceed, element, attribute) {
+      if (attribute === 'title') return element.title;
+      return proceed(element, attribute);
+    }
+  );
+}
+
+else if (Prototype.Browser.IE) {
+  // IE doesn't report offsets correctly for static elements, so we change them
+  // to "relative" to get the values, then change them back.
+  Element.Methods.getOffsetParent = Element.Methods.getOffsetParent.wrap(
+    function(proceed, element) {
+      element = $(element);
+      // IE throws an error if element is not in document
+      try { element.offsetParent }
+      catch(e) { return $(document.body) }
+      var position = element.getStyle('position');
+      if (position !== 'static') return proceed(element);
+      element.setStyle({ position: 'relative' });
+      var value = proceed(element);
+      element.setStyle({ position: position });
+      return value;
+    }
+  );
+
+  $w('positionedOffset viewportOffset').each(function(method) {
+    Element.Methods[method] = Element.Methods[method].wrap(
+      function(proceed, element) {
+        element = $(element);
+        try { element.offsetParent }
+        catch(e) { return Element._returnOffset(0,0) }
+        var position = element.getStyle('position');
+        if (position !== 'static') return proceed(element);
+        // Trigger hasLayout on the offset parent so that IE6 reports
+        // accurate offsetTop and offsetLeft values for position: fixed.
+        var offsetParent = element.getOffsetParent();
+        if (offsetParent && offsetParent.getStyle('position') === 'fixed')
+          offsetParent.setStyle({ zoom: 1 });
+        element.setStyle({ position: 'relative' });
+        var value = proceed(element);
+        element.setStyle({ position: position });
+        return value;
+      }
+    );
+  });
+
+  Element.Methods.cumulativeOffset = Element.Methods.cumulativeOffset.wrap(
+    function(proceed, element) {
+      try { element.offsetParent }
+      catch(e) { return Element._returnOffset(0,0) }
+      return proceed(element);
+    }
+  );
+
+  Element.Methods.getStyle = function(element, style) {
+    element = $(element);
+    style = (style == 'float' || style == 'cssFloat') ? 'styleFloat' : style.camelize();
+    var value = element.style[style];
+    if (!value && element.currentStyle) value = element.currentStyle[style];
+
+    if (style == 'opacity') {
+      if (value = (element.getStyle('filter') || '').match(/alpha\(opacity=(.*)\)/))
+        if (value[1]) return parseFloat(value[1]) / 100;
+      return 1.0;
+    }
+
+    if (value == 'auto') {
+      if ((style == 'width' || style == 'height') && (element.getStyle('display') != 'none'))
+        return element['offset' + style.capitalize()] + 'px';
+      return null;
+    }
+    return value;
+  };
+
+  Element.Methods.setOpacity = function(element, value) {
+    function stripAlpha(filter){
+      return filter.replace(/alpha\([^\)]*\)/gi,'');
+    }
+    element = $(element);
+    var currentStyle = element.currentStyle;
+    if ((currentStyle && !currentStyle.hasLayout) ||
+      (!currentStyle && element.style.zoom == 'normal'))
+        element.style.zoom = 1;
+
+    var filter = element.getStyle('filter'), style = element.style;
+    if (value == 1 || value === '') {
+      (filter = stripAlpha(filter)) ?
+        style.filter = filter : style.removeAttribute('filter');
+      return element;
+    } else if (value < 0.00001) value = 0;
+    style.filter = stripAlpha(filter) +
+      'alpha(opacity=' + (value * 100) + ')';
+    return element;
+  };
+
+  Element._attributeTranslations = {
+    read: {
+      names: {
+        'class': 'className',
+        'for':   'htmlFor'
+      },
+      values: {
+        _getAttr: function(element, attribute) {
+          return element.getAttribute(attribute, 2);
+        },
+        _getAttrNode: function(element, attribute) {
+          var node = element.getAttributeNode(attribute);
+          return node ? node.value : "";
+        },
+        _getEv: function(element, attribute) {
+          attribute = element.getAttribute(attribute);
+          return attribute ? attribute.toString().slice(23, -2) : null;
+        },
+        _flag: function(element, attribute) {
+          return $(element).hasAttribute(attribute) ? attribute : null;
+        },
+        style: function(element) {
+          return element.style.cssText.toLowerCase();
+        },
+        title: function(element) {
+          return element.title;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  Element._attributeTranslations.write = {
+    names: Object.extend({
+      cellpadding: 'cellPadding',
+      cellspacing: 'cellSpacing'
+    }, Element._attributeTranslations.read.names),
+    values: {
+      checked: function(element, value) {
+        element.checked = !!value;
+      },
+
+      style: function(element, value) {
+        element.style.cssText = value ? value : '';
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  Element._attributeTranslations.has = {};
+
+  $w('colSpan rowSpan vAlign dateTime accessKey tabIndex ' +
+      'encType maxLength readOnly longDesc frameBorder').each(function(attr) {
+    Element._attributeTranslations.write.names[attr.toLowerCase()] = attr;
+    Element._attributeTranslations.has[attr.toLowerCase()] = attr;
+  });
+
+  (function(v) {
+    Object.extend(v, {
+      href:        v._getAttr,
+      src:         v._getAttr,
+      type:        v._getAttr,
+      action:      v._getAttrNode,
+      disabled:    v._flag,
+      checked:     v._flag,
+      readonly:    v._flag,
+      multiple:    v._flag,
+      onload:      v._getEv,
+      onunload:    v._getEv,
+      onclick:     v._getEv,
+      ondblclick:  v._getEv,
+      onmousedown: v._getEv,
+      onmouseup:   v._getEv,
+      onmouseover: v._getEv,
+      onmousemove: v._getEv,
+      onmouseout:  v._getEv,
+      onfocus:     v._getEv,
+      onblur:      v._getEv,
+      onkeypress:  v._getEv,
+      onkeydown:   v._getEv,
+      onkeyup:     v._getEv,
+      onsubmit:    v._getEv,
+      onreset:     v._getEv,
+      onselect:    v._getEv,
+      onchange:    v._getEv
+    });
+  })(Element._attributeTranslations.read.values);
+}
+
+else if (Prototype.Browser.Gecko && /rv:1\.8\.0/.test(navigator.userAgent)) {
+  Element.Methods.setOpacity = function(element, value) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.style.opacity = (value == 1) ? 0.999999 :
+      (value === '') ? '' : (value < 0.00001) ? 0 : value;
+    return element;
+  };
+}
+
+else if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit) {
+  Element.Methods.setOpacity = function(element, value) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.style.opacity = (value == 1 || value === '') ? '' :
+      (value < 0.00001) ? 0 : value;
+
+    if (value == 1)
+      if(element.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'IMG' && element.width) {
+        element.width++; element.width--;
+      } else try {
+        var n = document.createTextNode(' ');
+        element.appendChild(n);
+        element.removeChild(n);
+      } catch (e) { }
+
+    return element;
+  };
+
+  // Safari returns margins on body which is incorrect if the child is absolutely
+  // positioned.  For performance reasons, redefine Element#cumulativeOffset for
+  // KHTML/WebKit only.
+  Element.Methods.cumulativeOffset = function(element) {
+    var valueT = 0, valueL = 0;
+    do {
+      valueT += element.offsetTop  || 0;
+      valueL += element.offsetLeft || 0;
+      if (element.offsetParent == document.body)
+        if (Element.getStyle(element, 'position') == 'absolute') break;
+
+      element = element.offsetParent;
+    } while (element);
+
+    return Element._returnOffset(valueL, valueT);
+  };
+}
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.IE || Prototype.Browser.Opera) {
+  // IE and Opera are missing .innerHTML support for TABLE-related and SELECT elements
+  Element.Methods.update = function(element, content) {
+    element = $(element);
+
+    if (content && content.toElement) content = content.toElement();
+    if (Object.isElement(content)) return element.update().insert(content);
+
+    content = Object.toHTML(content);
+    var tagName = element.tagName.toUpperCase();
+
+    if (tagName in Element._insertionTranslations.tags) {
+      $A(element.childNodes).each(function(node) { element.removeChild(node) });
+      Element._getContentFromAnonymousElement(tagName, content.stripScripts())
+        .each(function(node) { element.appendChild(node) });
+    }
+    else element.innerHTML = content.stripScripts();
+
+    content.evalScripts.bind(content).defer();
+    return element;
+  };
+}
+
+if ('outerHTML' in document.createElement('div')) {
+  Element.Methods.replace = function(element, content) {
+    element = $(element);
+
+    if (content && content.toElement) content = content.toElement();
+    if (Object.isElement(content)) {
+      element.parentNode.replaceChild(content, element);
+      return element;
+    }
+
+    content = Object.toHTML(content);
+    var parent = element.parentNode, tagName = parent.tagName.toUpperCase();
+
+    if (Element._insertionTranslations.tags[tagName]) {
+      var nextSibling = element.next();
+      var fragments = Element._getContentFromAnonymousElement(tagName, content.stripScripts());
+      parent.removeChild(element);
+      if (nextSibling)
+        fragments.each(function(node) { parent.insertBefore(node, nextSibling) });
+      else
+        fragments.each(function(node) { parent.appendChild(node) });
+    }
+    else element.outerHTML = content.stripScripts();
+
+    content.evalScripts.bind(content).defer();
+    return element;
+  };
+}
+
+Element._returnOffset = function(l, t) {
+  var result = [l, t];
+  result.left = l;
+  result.top = t;
+  return result;
+};
+
+Element._getContentFromAnonymousElement = function(tagName, html) {
+  var div = new Element('div'), t = Element._insertionTranslations.tags[tagName];
+  if (t) {
+    div.innerHTML = t[0] + html + t[1];
+    t[2].times(function() { div = div.firstChild });
+  } else div.innerHTML = html;
+  return $A(div.childNodes);
+};
+
+Element._insertionTranslations = {
+  before: function(element, node) {
+    element.parentNode.insertBefore(node, element);
+  },
+  top: function(element, node) {
+    element.insertBefore(node, element.firstChild);
+  },
+  bottom: function(element, node) {
+    element.appendChild(node);
+  },
+  after: function(element, node) {
+    element.parentNode.insertBefore(node, element.nextSibling);
+  },
+  tags: {
+    TABLE:  ['<table>',                '</table>',                   1],
+    TBODY:  ['<table><tbody>',         '</tbody></table>',           2],
+    TR:     ['<table><tbody><tr>',     '</tr></tbody></table>',      3],
+    TD:     ['<table><tbody><tr><td>', '</td></tr></tbody></table>', 4],
+    SELECT: ['<select>',               '</select>',                  1]
+  }
+};
+
+(function() {
+  Object.extend(this.tags, {
+    THEAD: this.tags.TBODY,
+    TFOOT: this.tags.TBODY,
+    TH:    this.tags.TD
+  });
+}).call(Element._insertionTranslations);
+
+Element.Methods.Simulated = {
+  hasAttribute: function(element, attribute) {
+    attribute = Element._attributeTranslations.has[attribute] || attribute;
+    var node = $(element).getAttributeNode(attribute);
+    return !!(node && node.specified);
+  }
+};
+
+Element.Methods.ByTag = { };
+
+Object.extend(Element, Element.Methods);
+
+if (!Prototype.BrowserFeatures.ElementExtensions &&
+    document.createElement('div')['__proto__']) {
+  window.HTMLElement = { };
+  window.HTMLElement.prototype = document.createElement('div')['__proto__'];
+  Prototype.BrowserFeatures.ElementExtensions = true;
+}
+
+Element.extend = (function() {
+  if (Prototype.BrowserFeatures.SpecificElementExtensions)
+    return Prototype.K;
+
+  var Methods = { }, ByTag = Element.Methods.ByTag;
+
+  var extend = Object.extend(function(element) {
+    if (!element || element._extendedByPrototype ||
+        element.nodeType != 1 || element == window) return element;
+
+    var methods = Object.clone(Methods),
+      tagName = element.tagName.toUpperCase(), property, value;
+
+    // extend methods for specific tags
+    if (ByTag[tagName]) Object.extend(methods, ByTag[tagName]);
+
+    for (property in methods) {
+      value = methods[property];
+      if (Object.isFunction(value) && !(property in element))
+        element[property] = value.methodize();
+    }
+
+    element._extendedByPrototype = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+    return element;
+
+  }, {
+    refresh: function() {
+      // extend methods for all tags (Safari doesn't need this)
+      if (!Prototype.BrowserFeatures.ElementExtensions) {
+        Object.extend(Methods, Element.Methods);
+        Object.extend(Methods, Element.Methods.Simulated);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  extend.refresh();
+  return extend;
+})();
+
+Element.hasAttribute = function(element, attribute) {
+  if (element.hasAttribute) return element.hasAttribute(attribute);
+  return Element.Methods.Simulated.hasAttribute(element, attribute);
+};
+
+Element.addMethods = function(methods) {
+  var F = Prototype.BrowserFeatures, T = Element.Methods.ByTag;
+
+  if (!methods) {
+    Object.extend(Form, Form.Methods);
+    Object.extend(Form.Element, Form.Element.Methods);
+    Object.extend(Element.Methods.ByTag, {
+      "FORM":     Object.clone(Form.Methods),
+      "INPUT":    Object.clone(Form.Element.Methods),
+      "SELECT":   Object.clone(Form.Element.Methods),
+      "TEXTAREA": Object.clone(Form.Element.Methods)
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (arguments.length == 2) {
+    var tagName = methods;
+    methods = arguments[1];
+  }
+
+  if (!tagName) Object.extend(Element.Methods, methods || { });
+  else {
+    if (Object.isArray(tagName)) tagName.each(extend);
+    else extend(tagName);
+  }
+
+  function extend(tagName) {
+    tagName = tagName.toUpperCase();
+    if (!Element.Methods.ByTag[tagName])
+      Element.Methods.ByTag[tagName] = { };
+    Object.extend(Element.Methods.ByTag[tagName], methods);
+  }
+
+  function copy(methods, destination, onlyIfAbsent) {
+    onlyIfAbsent = onlyIfAbsent || false;
+    for (var property in methods) {
+      var value = methods[property];
+      if (!Object.isFunction(value)) continue;
+      if (!onlyIfAbsent || !(property in destination))
+        destination[property] = value.methodize();
+    }
+  }
+
+  function findDOMClass(tagName) {
+    var klass;
+    var trans = {
+      "OPTGROUP": "OptGroup", "TEXTAREA": "TextArea", "P": "Paragraph",
+      "FIELDSET": "FieldSet", "UL": "UList", "OL": "OList", "DL": "DList",
+      "DIR": "Directory", "H1": "Heading", "H2": "Heading", "H3": "Heading",
+      "H4": "Heading", "H5": "Heading", "H6": "Heading", "Q": "Quote",
+      "INS": "Mod", "DEL": "Mod", "A": "Anchor", "IMG": "Image", "CAPTION":
+      "TableCaption", "COL": "TableCol", "COLGROUP": "TableCol", "THEAD":
+      "TableSection", "TFOOT": "TableSection", "TBODY": "TableSection", "TR":
+      "TableRow", "TH": "TableCell", "TD": "TableCell", "FRAMESET":
+      "FrameSet", "IFRAME": "IFrame"
+    };
+    if (trans[tagName]) klass = 'HTML' + trans[tagName] + 'Element';
+    if (window[klass]) return window[klass];
+    klass = 'HTML' + tagName + 'Element';
+    if (window[klass]) return window[klass];
+    klass = 'HTML' + tagName.capitalize() + 'Element';
+    if (window[klass]) return window[klass];
+
+    window[klass] = { };
+    window[klass].prototype = document.createElement(tagName)['__proto__'];
+    return window[klass];
+  }
+
+  if (F.ElementExtensions) {
+    copy(Element.Methods, HTMLElement.prototype);
+    copy(Element.Methods.Simulated, HTMLElement.prototype, true);
+  }
+
+  if (F.SpecificElementExtensions) {
+    for (var tag in Element.Methods.ByTag) {
+      var klass = findDOMClass(tag);
+      if (Object.isUndefined(klass)) continue;
+      copy(T[tag], klass.prototype);
+    }
+  }
+
+  Object.extend(Element, Element.Methods);
+  delete Element.ByTag;
+
+  if (Element.extend.refresh) Element.extend.refresh();
+  Element.cache = { };
+};
+
+document.viewport = {
+  getDimensions: function() {
+    var dimensions = { }, B = Prototype.Browser;
+    $w('width height').each(function(d) {
+      var D = d.capitalize();
+      if (B.WebKit && !document.evaluate) {
+        // Safari <3.0 needs self.innerWidth/Height
+        dimensions[d] = self['inner' + D];
+      } else if (B.Opera && parseFloat(window.opera.version()) < 9.5) {
+        // Opera <9.5 needs document.body.clientWidth/Height
+        dimensions[d] = document.body['client' + D]
+      } else {
+        dimensions[d] = document.documentElement['client' + D];
+      }
+    });
+    return dimensions;
+  },
+
+  getWidth: function() {
+    return this.getDimensions().width;
+  },
+
+  getHeight: function() {
+    return this.getDimensions().height;
+  },
+
+  getScrollOffsets: function() {
+    return Element._returnOffset(
+      window.pageXOffset || document.documentElement.scrollLeft || document.body.scrollLeft,
+      window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop);
+  }
+};
+/* Portions of the Selector class are derived from Jack Slocum's DomQuery,
+ * part of YUI-Ext version 0.40, distributed under the terms of an MIT-style
+ * license.  Please see http://www.yui-ext.com/ for more information. */
+
+var Selector = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(expression) {
+    this.expression = expression.strip();
+
+    if (this.shouldUseSelectorsAPI()) {
+      this.mode = 'selectorsAPI';
+    } else if (this.shouldUseXPath()) {
+      this.mode = 'xpath';
+      this.compileXPathMatcher();
+    } else {
+      this.mode = "normal";
+      this.compileMatcher();
+    }
+
+  },
+
+  shouldUseXPath: function() {
+    if (!Prototype.BrowserFeatures.XPath) return false;
+
+    var e = this.expression;
+
+    // Safari 3 chokes on :*-of-type and :empty
+    if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit &&
+     (e.include("-of-type") || e.include(":empty")))
+      return false;
+
+    // XPath can't do namespaced attributes, nor can it read
+    // the "checked" property from DOM nodes
+    if ((/(\[[\w-]*?:|:checked)/).test(e))
+      return false;
+
+    return true;
+  },
+
+  shouldUseSelectorsAPI: function() {
+    if (!Prototype.BrowserFeatures.SelectorsAPI) return false;
+
+    if (!Selector._div) Selector._div = new Element('div');
+
+    // Make sure the browser treats the selector as valid. Test on an
+    // isolated element to minimize cost of this check.
+    try {
+      Selector._div.querySelector(this.expression);
+    } catch(e) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  },
+
+  compileMatcher: function() {
+    var e = this.expression, ps = Selector.patterns, h = Selector.handlers,
+        c = Selector.criteria, le, p, m;
+
+    if (Selector._cache[e]) {
+      this.matcher = Selector._cache[e];
+      return;
+    }
+
+    this.matcher = ["this.matcher = function(root) {",
+                    "var r = root, h = Selector.handlers, c = false, n;"];
+
+    while (e && le != e && (/\S/).test(e)) {
+      le = e;
+      for (var i in ps) {
+        p = ps[i];
+        if (m = e.match(p)) {
+          this.matcher.push(Object.isFunction(c[i]) ? c[i](m) :
+            new Template(c[i]).evaluate(m));
+          e = e.replace(m[0], '');
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.matcher.push("return h.unique(n);\n}");
+    eval(this.matcher.join('\n'));
+    Selector._cache[this.expression] = this.matcher;
+  },
+
+  compileXPathMatcher: function() {
+    var e = this.expression, ps = Selector.patterns,
+        x = Selector.xpath, le, m;
+
+    if (Selector._cache[e]) {
+      this.xpath = Selector._cache[e]; return;
+    }
+
+    this.matcher = ['.//*'];
+    while (e && le != e && (/\S/).test(e)) {
+      le = e;
+      for (var i in ps) {
+        if (m = e.match(ps[i])) {
+          this.matcher.push(Object.isFunction(x[i]) ? x[i](m) :
+            new Template(x[i]).evaluate(m));
+          e = e.replace(m[0], '');
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.xpath = this.matcher.join('');
+    Selector._cache[this.expression] = this.xpath;
+  },
+
+  findElements: function(root) {
+    root = root || document;
+    var e = this.expression, results;
+
+    switch (this.mode) {
+      case 'selectorsAPI':
+        // querySelectorAll queries document-wide, then filters to descendants
+        // of the context element. That's not what we want.
+        // Add an explicit context to the selector if necessary.
+        if (root !== document) {
+          var oldId = root.id, id = $(root).identify();
+          e = "#" + id + " " + e;
+        }
+
+        results = $A(root.querySelectorAll(e)).map(Element.extend);
+        root.id = oldId;
+
+        return results;
+      case 'xpath':
+        return document._getElementsByXPath(this.xpath, root);
+      default:
+       return this.matcher(root);
+    }
+  },
+
+  match: function(element) {
+    this.tokens = [];
+
+    var e = this.expression, ps = Selector.patterns, as = Selector.assertions;
+    var le, p, m;
+
+    while (e && le !== e && (/\S/).test(e)) {
+      le = e;
+      for (var i in ps) {
+        p = ps[i];
+        if (m = e.match(p)) {
+          // use the Selector.assertions methods unless the selector
+          // is too complex.
+          if (as[i]) {
+            this.tokens.push([i, Object.clone(m)]);
+            e = e.replace(m[0], '');
+          } else {
+            // reluctantly do a document-wide search
+            // and look for a match in the array
+            return this.findElements(document).include(element);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    var match = true, name, matches;
+    for (var i = 0, token; token = this.tokens[i]; i++) {
+      name = token[0], matches = token[1];
+      if (!Selector.assertions[name](element, matches)) {
+        match = false; break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return match;
+  },
+
+  toString: function() {
+    return this.expression;
+  },
+
+  inspect: function() {
+    return "#<Selector:" + this.expression.inspect() + ">";
+  }
+});
+
+Object.extend(Selector, {
+  _cache: { },
+
+  xpath: {
+    descendant:   "//*",
+    child:        "/*",
+    adjacent:     "/following-sibling::*[1]",
+    laterSibling: '/following-sibling::*',
+    tagName:      function(m) {
+      if (m[1] == '*') return '';
+      return "[local-name()='" + m[1].toLowerCase() +
+             "' or local-name()='" + m[1].toUpperCase() + "']";
+    },
+    className:    "[contains(concat(' ', @class, ' '), ' #{1} ')]",
+    id:           "[@id='#{1}']",
+    attrPresence: function(m) {
+      m[1] = m[1].toLowerCase();
+      return new Template("[@#{1}]").evaluate(m);
+    },
+    attr: function(m) {
+      m[1] = m[1].toLowerCase();
+      m[3] = m[5] || m[6];
+      return new Template(Selector.xpath.operators[m[2]]).evaluate(m);
+    },
+    pseudo: function(m) {
+      var h = Selector.xpath.pseudos[m[1]];
+      if (!h) return '';
+      if (Object.isFunction(h)) return h(m);
+      return new Template(Selector.xpath.pseudos[m[1]]).evaluate(m);
+    },
+    operators: {
+      '=':  "[@#{1}='#{3}']",
+      '!=': "[@#{1}!='#{3}']",
+      '^=': "[starts-with(@#{1}, '#{3}')]",
+      '$=': "[substring(@#{1}, (string-length(@#{1}) - string-length('#{3}') + 1))='#{3}']",
+      '*=': "[contains(@#{1}, '#{3}')]",
+      '~=': "[contains(concat(' ', @#{1}, ' '), ' #{3} ')]",
+      '|=': "[contains(concat('-', @#{1}, '-'), '-#{3}-')]"
+    },
+    pseudos: {
+      'first-child': '[not(preceding-sibling::*)]',
+      'last-child':  '[not(following-sibling::*)]',
+      'only-child':  '[not(preceding-sibling::* or following-sibling::*)]',
+      'empty':       "[count(*) = 0 and (count(text()) = 0)]",
+      'checked':     "[@checked]",
+      'disabled':    "[(@disabled) and (@type!='hidden')]",
+      'enabled':     "[not(@disabled) and (@type!='hidden')]",
+      'not': function(m) {
+        var e = m[6], p = Selector.patterns,
+            x = Selector.xpath, le, v;
+
+        var exclusion = [];
+        while (e && le != e && (/\S/).test(e)) {
+          le = e;
+          for (var i in p) {
+            if (m = e.match(p[i])) {
+              v = Object.isFunction(x[i]) ? x[i](m) : new Template(x[i]).evaluate(m);
+              exclusion.push("(" + v.substring(1, v.length - 1) + ")");
+              e = e.replace(m[0], '');
+              break;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return "[not(" + exclusion.join(" and ") + ")]";
+      },
+      'nth-child':      function(m) {
+        return Selector.xpath.pseudos.nth("(count(./preceding-sibling::*) + 1) ", m);
+      },
+      'nth-last-child': function(m) {
+        return Selector.xpath.pseudos.nth("(count(./following-sibling::*) + 1) ", m);
+      },
+      'nth-of-type':    function(m) {
+        return Selector.xpath.pseudos.nth("position() ", m);
+      },
+      'nth-last-of-type': function(m) {
+        return Selector.xpath.pseudos.nth("(last() + 1 - position()) ", m);
+      },
+      'first-of-type':  function(m) {
+        m[6] = "1"; return Selector.xpath.pseudos['nth-of-type'](m);
+      },
+      'last-of-type':   function(m) {
+        m[6] = "1"; return Selector.xpath.pseudos['nth-last-of-type'](m);
+      },
+      'only-of-type':   function(m) {
+        var p = Selector.xpath.pseudos; return p['first-of-type'](m) + p['last-of-type'](m);
+      },
+      nth: function(fragment, m) {
+        var mm, formula = m[6], predicate;
+        if (formula == 'even') formula = '2n+0';
+        if (formula == 'odd')  formula = '2n+1';
+        if (mm = formula.match(/^(\d+)$/)) // digit only
+          return '[' + fragment + "= " + mm[1] + ']';
+        if (mm = formula.match(/^(-?\d*)?n(([+-])(\d+))?/)) { // an+b
+          if (mm[1] == "-") mm[1] = -1;
+          var a = mm[1] ? Number(mm[1]) : 1;
+          var b = mm[2] ? Number(mm[2]) : 0;
+          predicate = "[((#{fragment} - #{b}) mod #{a} = 0) and " +
+          "((#{fragment} - #{b}) div #{a} >= 0)]";
+          return new Template(predicate).evaluate({
+            fragment: fragment, a: a, b: b });
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+
+  criteria: {
+    tagName:      'n = h.tagName(n, r, "#{1}", c);      c = false;',
+    className:    'n = h.className(n, r, "#{1}", c);    c = false;',
+    id:           'n = h.id(n, r, "#{1}", c);           c = false;',
+    attrPresence: 'n = h.attrPresence(n, r, "#{1}", c); c = false;',
+    attr: function(m) {
+      m[3] = (m[5] || m[6]);
+      return new Template('n = h.attr(n, r, "#{1}", "#{3}", "#{2}", c); c = false;').evaluate(m);
+    },
+    pseudo: function(m) {
+      if (m[6]) m[6] = m[6].replace(/"/g, '\\"');
+      return new Template('n = h.pseudo(n, "#{1}", "#{6}", r, c); c = false;').evaluate(m);
+    },
+    descendant:   'c = "descendant";',
+    child:        'c = "child";',
+    adjacent:     'c = "adjacent";',
+    laterSibling: 'c = "laterSibling";'
+  },
+
+  patterns: {
+    // combinators must be listed first
+    // (and descendant needs to be last combinator)
+    laterSibling: /^\s*~\s*/,
+    child:        /^\s*>\s*/,
+    adjacent:     /^\s*\+\s*/,
+    descendant:   /^\s/,
+
+    // selectors follow
+    tagName:      /^\s*(\*|[\w\-]+)(\b|$)?/,
+    id:           /^#([\w\-\*]+)(\b|$)/,
+    className:    /^\.([\w\-\*]+)(\b|$)/,
+    pseudo:
+/^:((first|last|nth|nth-last|only)(-child|-of-type)|empty|checked|(en|dis)abled|not)(\((.*?)\))?(\b|$|(?=\s|[:+~>]))/,
+    attrPresence: /^\[((?:[\w]+:)?[\w]+)\]/,
+    attr:         /\[((?:[\w-]*:)?[\w-]+)\s*(?:([!^$*~|]?=)\s*((['"])([^\4]*?)\4|([^'"][^\]]*?)))?\]/
+  },
+
+  // for Selector.match and Element#match
+  assertions: {
+    tagName: function(element, matches) {
+      return matches[1].toUpperCase() == element.tagName.toUpperCase();
+    },
+
+    className: function(element, matches) {
+      return Element.hasClassName(element, matches[1]);
+    },
+
+    id: function(element, matches) {
+      return element.id === matches[1];
+    },
+
+    attrPresence: function(element, matches) {
+      return Element.hasAttribute(element, matches[1]);
+    },
+
+    attr: function(element, matches) {
+      var nodeValue = Element.readAttribute(element, matches[1]);
+      return nodeValue && Selector.operators[matches[2]](nodeValue, matches[5] || matches[6]);
+    }
+  },
+
+  handlers: {
+    // UTILITY FUNCTIONS
+    // joins two collections
+    concat: function(a, b) {
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = b[i]; i++)
+        a.push(node);
+      return a;
+    },
+
+    // marks an array of nodes for counting
+    mark: function(nodes) {
+      var _true = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        node._countedByPrototype = _true;
+      return nodes;
+    },
+
+    unmark: function(nodes) {
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        node._countedByPrototype = undefined;
+      return nodes;
+    },
+
+    // mark each child node with its position (for nth calls)
+    // "ofType" flag indicates whether we're indexing for nth-of-type
+    // rather than nth-child
+    index: function(parentNode, reverse, ofType) {
+      parentNode._countedByPrototype = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+      if (reverse) {
+        for (var nodes = parentNode.childNodes, i = nodes.length - 1, j = 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+          var node = nodes[i];
+          if (node.nodeType == 1 && (!ofType || node._countedByPrototype)) node.nodeIndex = j++;
+        }
+      } else {
+        for (var i = 0, j = 1, nodes = parentNode.childNodes; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+          if (node.nodeType == 1 && (!ofType || node._countedByPrototype)) node.nodeIndex = j++;
+      }
+    },
+
+    // filters out duplicates and extends all nodes
+    unique: function(nodes) {
+      if (nodes.length == 0) return nodes;
+      var results = [], n;
+      for (var i = 0, l = nodes.length; i < l; i++)
+        if (!(n = nodes[i])._countedByPrototype) {
+          n._countedByPrototype = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+          results.push(Element.extend(n));
+        }
+      return Selector.handlers.unmark(results);
+    },
+
+    // COMBINATOR FUNCTIONS
+    descendant: function(nodes) {
+      var h = Selector.handlers;
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        h.concat(results, node.getElementsByTagName('*'));
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    child: function(nodes) {
+      var h = Selector.handlers;
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        for (var j = 0, child; child = node.childNodes[j]; j++)
+          if (child.nodeType == 1 && child.tagName != '!') results.push(child);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    adjacent: function(nodes) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        var next = this.nextElementSibling(node);
+        if (next) results.push(next);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    laterSibling: function(nodes) {
+      var h = Selector.handlers;
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        h.concat(results, Element.nextSiblings(node));
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    nextElementSibling: function(node) {
+      while (node = node.nextSibling)
+        if (node.nodeType == 1) return node;
+      return null;
+    },
+
+    previousElementSibling: function(node) {
+      while (node = node.previousSibling)
+        if (node.nodeType == 1) return node;
+      return null;
+    },
+
+    // TOKEN FUNCTIONS
+    tagName: function(nodes, root, tagName, combinator) {
+      var uTagName = tagName.toUpperCase();
+      var results = [], h = Selector.handlers;
+      if (nodes) {
+        if (combinator) {
+          // fastlane for ordinary descendant combinators
+          if (combinator == "descendant") {
+            for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+              h.concat(results, node.getElementsByTagName(tagName));
+            return results;
+          } else nodes = this[combinator](nodes);
+          if (tagName == "*") return nodes;
+        }
+        for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+          if (node.tagName.toUpperCase() === uTagName) results.push(node);
+        return results;
+      } else return root.getElementsByTagName(tagName);
+    },
+
+    id: function(nodes, root, id, combinator) {
+      var targetNode = $(id), h = Selector.handlers;
+      if (!targetNode) return [];
+      if (!nodes && root == document) return [targetNode];
+      if (nodes) {
+        if (combinator) {
+          if (combinator == 'child') {
+            for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+              if (targetNode.parentNode == node) return [targetNode];
+          } else if (combinator == 'descendant') {
+            for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+              if (Element.descendantOf(targetNode, node)) return [targetNode];
+          } else if (combinator == 'adjacent') {
+            for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+              if (Selector.handlers.previousElementSibling(targetNode) == node)
+                return [targetNode];
+          } else nodes = h[combinator](nodes);
+        }
+        for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+          if (node == targetNode) return [targetNode];
+        return [];
+      }
+      return (targetNode && Element.descendantOf(targetNode, root)) ? [targetNode] : [];
+    },
+
+    className: function(nodes, root, className, combinator) {
+      if (nodes && combinator) nodes = this[combinator](nodes);
+      return Selector.handlers.byClassName(nodes, root, className);
+    },
+
+    byClassName: function(nodes, root, className) {
+      if (!nodes) nodes = Selector.handlers.descendant([root]);
+      var needle = ' ' + className + ' ';
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node, nodeClassName; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        nodeClassName = node.className;
+        if (nodeClassName.length == 0) continue;
+        if (nodeClassName == className || (' ' + nodeClassName + ' ').include(needle))
+          results.push(node);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    attrPresence: function(nodes, root, attr, combinator) {
+      if (!nodes) nodes = root.getElementsByTagName("*");
+      if (nodes && combinator) nodes = this[combinator](nodes);
+      var results = [];
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        if (Element.hasAttribute(node, attr)) results.push(node);
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    attr: function(nodes, root, attr, value, operator, combinator) {
+      if (!nodes) nodes = root.getElementsByTagName("*");
+      if (nodes && combinator) nodes = this[combinator](nodes);
+      var handler = Selector.operators[operator], results = [];
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        var nodeValue = Element.readAttribute(node, attr);
+        if (nodeValue === null) continue;
+        if (handler(nodeValue, value)) results.push(node);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    pseudo: function(nodes, name, value, root, combinator) {
+      if (nodes && combinator) nodes = this[combinator](nodes);
+      if (!nodes) nodes = root.getElementsByTagName("*");
+      return Selector.pseudos[name](nodes, value, root);
+    }
+  },
+
+  pseudos: {
+    'first-child': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        if (Selector.handlers.previousElementSibling(node)) continue;
+          results.push(node);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+    'last-child': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        if (Selector.handlers.nextElementSibling(node)) continue;
+          results.push(node);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+    'only-child': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      var h = Selector.handlers;
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        if (!h.previousElementSibling(node) && !h.nextElementSibling(node))
+          results.push(node);
+      return results;
+    },
+    'nth-child':        function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      return Selector.pseudos.nth(nodes, formula, root);
+    },
+    'nth-last-child':   function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      return Selector.pseudos.nth(nodes, formula, root, true);
+    },
+    'nth-of-type':      function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      return Selector.pseudos.nth(nodes, formula, root, false, true);
+    },
+    'nth-last-of-type': function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      return Selector.pseudos.nth(nodes, formula, root, true, true);
+    },
+    'first-of-type':    function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      return Selector.pseudos.nth(nodes, "1", root, false, true);
+    },
+    'last-of-type':     function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      return Selector.pseudos.nth(nodes, "1", root, true, true);
+    },
+    'only-of-type':     function(nodes, formula, root) {
+      var p = Selector.pseudos;
+      return p['last-of-type'](p['first-of-type'](nodes, formula, root), formula, root);
+    },
+
+    // handles the an+b logic
+    getIndices: function(a, b, total) {
+      if (a == 0) return b > 0 ? [b] : [];
+      return $R(1, total).inject([], function(memo, i) {
+        if (0 == (i - b) % a && (i - b) / a >= 0) memo.push(i);
+        return memo;
+      });
+    },
+
+    // handles nth(-last)-child, nth(-last)-of-type, and (first|last)-of-type
+    nth: function(nodes, formula, root, reverse, ofType) {
+      if (nodes.length == 0) return [];
+      if (formula == 'even') formula = '2n+0';
+      if (formula == 'odd')  formula = '2n+1';
+      var h = Selector.handlers, results = [], indexed = [], m;
+      h.mark(nodes);
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        if (!node.parentNode._countedByPrototype) {
+          h.index(node.parentNode, reverse, ofType);
+          indexed.push(node.parentNode);
+        }
+      }
+      if (formula.match(/^\d+$/)) { // just a number
+        formula = Number(formula);
+        for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+          if (node.nodeIndex == formula) results.push(node);
+      } else if (m = formula.match(/^(-?\d*)?n(([+-])(\d+))?/)) { // an+b
+        if (m[1] == "-") m[1] = -1;
+        var a = m[1] ? Number(m[1]) : 1;
+        var b = m[2] ? Number(m[2]) : 0;
+        var indices = Selector.pseudos.getIndices(a, b, nodes.length);
+        for (var i = 0, node, l = indices.length; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+          for (var j = 0; j < l; j++)
+            if (node.nodeIndex == indices[j]) results.push(node);
+        }
+      }
+      h.unmark(nodes);
+      h.unmark(indexed);
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    'empty': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++) {
+        // IE treats comments as element nodes
+        if (node.tagName == '!' || node.firstChild) continue;
+        results.push(node);
+      }
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    'not': function(nodes, selector, root) {
+      var h = Selector.handlers, selectorType, m;
+      var exclusions = new Selector(selector).findElements(root);
+      h.mark(exclusions);
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        if (!node._countedByPrototype) results.push(node);
+      h.unmark(exclusions);
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    'enabled': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        if (!node.disabled && (!node.type || node.type !== 'hidden'))
+          results.push(node);
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    'disabled': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        if (node.disabled) results.push(node);
+      return results;
+    },
+
+    'checked': function(nodes, value, root) {
+      for (var i = 0, results = [], node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        if (node.checked) results.push(node);
+      return results;
+    }
+  },
+
+  operators: {
+    '=':  function(nv, v) { return nv == v; },
+    '!=': function(nv, v) { return nv != v; },
+    '^=': function(nv, v) { return nv == v || nv && nv.startsWith(v); },
+    '$=': function(nv, v) { return nv == v || nv && nv.endsWith(v); },
+    '*=': function(nv, v) { return nv == v || nv && nv.include(v); },
+    '$=': function(nv, v) { return nv.endsWith(v); },
+    '*=': function(nv, v) { return nv.include(v); },
+    '~=': function(nv, v) { return (' ' + nv + ' ').include(' ' + v + ' '); },
+    '|=': function(nv, v) { return ('-' + (nv || "").toUpperCase() +
+     '-').include('-' + (v || "").toUpperCase() + '-'); }
+  },
+
+  split: function(expression) {
+    var expressions = [];
+    expression.scan(/(([\w#:.~>+()\s-]+|\*|\[.*?\])+)\s*(,|$)/, function(m) {
+      expressions.push(m[1].strip());
+    });
+    return expressions;
+  },
+
+  matchElements: function(elements, expression) {
+    var matches = $$(expression), h = Selector.handlers;
+    h.mark(matches);
+    for (var i = 0, results = [], element; element = elements[i]; i++)
+      if (element._countedByPrototype) results.push(element);
+    h.unmark(matches);
+    return results;
+  },
+
+  findElement: function(elements, expression, index) {
+    if (Object.isNumber(expression)) {
+      index = expression; expression = false;
+    }
+    return Selector.matchElements(elements, expression || '*')[index || 0];
+  },
+
+  findChildElements: function(element, expressions) {
+    expressions = Selector.split(expressions.join(','));
+    var results = [], h = Selector.handlers;
+    for (var i = 0, l = expressions.length, selector; i < l; i++) {
+      selector = new Selector(expressions[i].strip());
+      h.concat(results, selector.findElements(element));
+    }
+    return (l > 1) ? h.unique(results) : results;
+  }
+});
+
+if (Prototype.Browser.IE) {
+  Object.extend(Selector.handlers, {
+    // IE returns comment nodes on getElementsByTagName("*").
+    // Filter them out.
+    concat: function(a, b) {
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = b[i]; i++)
+        if (node.tagName !== "!") a.push(node);
+      return a;
+    },
+
+    // IE improperly serializes _countedByPrototype in (inner|outer)HTML.
+    unmark: function(nodes) {
+      for (var i = 0, node; node = nodes[i]; i++)
+        node.removeAttribute('_countedByPrototype');
+      return nodes;
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+function $$() {
+  return Selector.findChildElements(document, $A(arguments));
+}
+var Form = {
+  reset: function(form) {
+    $(form).reset();
+    return form;
+  },
+
+  serializeElements: function(elements, options) {
+    if (typeof options != 'object') options = { hash: !!options };
+    else if (Object.isUndefined(options.hash)) options.hash = true;
+    var key, value, submitted = false, submit = options.submit;
+
+    var data = elements.inject({ }, function(result, element) {
+      if (!element.disabled && element.name) {
+        key = element.name; value = $(element).getValue();
+        if (value != null && element.type != 'file' && (element.type != 'submit' || (!submitted &&
+            submit !== false && (!submit || key == submit) && (submitted = true)))) {
+          if (key in result) {
+            // a key is already present; construct an array of values
+            if (!Object.isArray(result[key])) result[key] = [result[key]];
+            result[key].push(value);
+          }
+          else result[key] = value;
+        }
+      }
+      return result;
+    });
+
+    return options.hash ? data : Object.toQueryString(data);
+  }
+};
+
+Form.Methods = {
+  serialize: function(form, options) {
+    return Form.serializeElements(Form.getElements(form), options);
+  },
+
+  getElements: function(form) {
+    return $A($(form).getElementsByTagName('*')).inject([],
+      function(elements, child) {
+        if (Form.Element.Serializers[child.tagName.toLowerCase()])
+          elements.push(Element.extend(child));
+        return elements;
+      }
+    );
+  },
+
+  getInputs: function(form, typeName, name) {
+    form = $(form);
+    var inputs = form.getElementsByTagName('input');
+
+    if (!typeName && !name) return $A(inputs).map(Element.extend);
+
+    for (var i = 0, matchingInputs = [], length = inputs.length; i < length; i++) {
+      var input = inputs[i];
+      if ((typeName && input.type != typeName) || (name && input.name != name))
+        continue;
+      matchingInputs.push(Element.extend(input));
+    }
+
+    return matchingInputs;
+  },
+
+  disable: function(form) {
+    form = $(form);
+    Form.getElements(form).invoke('disable');
+    return form;
+  },
+
+  enable: function(form) {
+    form = $(form);
+    Form.getElements(form).invoke('enable');
+    return form;
+  },
+
+  findFirstElement: function(form) {
+    var elements = $(form).getElements().findAll(function(element) {
+      return 'hidden' != element.type && !element.disabled;
+    });
+    var firstByIndex = elements.findAll(function(element) {
+      return element.hasAttribute('tabIndex') && element.tabIndex >= 0;
+    }).sortBy(function(element) { return element.tabIndex }).first();
+
+    return firstByIndex ? firstByIndex : elements.find(function(element) {
+      return ['input', 'select', 'textarea'].include(element.tagName.toLowerCase());
+    });
+  },
+
+  focusFirstElement: function(form) {
+    form = $(form);
+    form.findFirstElement().activate();
+    return form;
+  },
+
+  request: function(form, options) {
+    form = $(form), options = Object.clone(options || { });
+
+    var params = options.parameters, action = form.readAttribute('action') || '';
+    if (action.blank()) action = window.location.href;
+    options.parameters = form.serialize(true);
+
+    if (params) {
+      if (Object.isString(params)) params = params.toQueryParams();
+      Object.extend(options.parameters, params);
+    }
+
+    if (form.hasAttribute('method') && !options.method)
+      options.method = form.method;
+
+    return new Ajax.Request(action, options);
+  }
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Form.Element = {
+  focus: function(element) {
+    $(element).focus();
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  select: function(element) {
+    $(element).select();
+    return element;
+  }
+};
+
+Form.Element.Methods = {
+  serialize: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    if (!element.disabled && element.name) {
+      var value = element.getValue();
+      if (value != undefined) {
+        var pair = { };
+        pair[element.name] = value;
+        return Object.toQueryString(pair);
+      }
+    }
+    return '';
+  },
+
+  getValue: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var method = element.tagName.toLowerCase();
+    return Form.Element.Serializers[method](element);
+  },
+
+  setValue: function(element, value) {
+    element = $(element);
+    var method = element.tagName.toLowerCase();
+    Form.Element.Serializers[method](element, value);
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  clear: function(element) {
+    $(element).value = '';
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  present: function(element) {
+    return $(element).value != '';
+  },
+
+  activate: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    try {
+      element.focus();
+      if (element.select && (element.tagName.toLowerCase() != 'input' ||
+          !['button', 'reset', 'submit'].include(element.type)))
+        element.select();
+    } catch (e) { }
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  disable: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.disabled = true;
+    return element;
+  },
+
+  enable: function(element) {
+    element = $(element);
+    element.disabled = false;
+    return element;
+  }
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+var Field = Form.Element;
+var $F = Form.Element.Methods.getValue;
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Form.Element.Serializers = {
+  input: function(element, value) {
+    switch (element.type.toLowerCase()) {
+      case 'checkbox':
+      case 'radio':
+        return Form.Element.Serializers.inputSelector(element, value);
+      default:
+        return Form.Element.Serializers.textarea(element, value);
+    }
+  },
+
+  inputSelector: function(element, value) {
+    if (Object.isUndefined(value)) return element.checked ? element.value : null;
+    else element.checked = !!value;
+  },
+
+  textarea: function(element, value) {
+    if (Object.isUndefined(value)) return element.value;
+    else element.value = value;
+  },
+
+  select: function(element, value) {
+    if (Object.isUndefined(value))
+      return this[element.type == 'select-one' ?
+        'selectOne' : 'selectMany'](element);
+    else {
+      var opt, currentValue, single = !Object.isArray(value);
+      for (var i = 0, length = element.length; i < length; i++) {
+        opt = element.options[i];
+        currentValue = this.optionValue(opt);
+        if (single) {
+          if (currentValue == value) {
+            opt.selected = true;
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        else opt.selected = value.include(currentValue);
+      }
+    }
+  },
+
+  selectOne: function(element) {
+    var index = element.selectedIndex;
+    return index >= 0 ? this.optionValue(element.options[index]) : null;
+  },
+
+  selectMany: function(element) {
+    var values, length = element.length;
+    if (!length) return null;
+
+    for (var i = 0, values = []; i < length; i++) {
+      var opt = element.options[i];
+      if (opt.selected) values.push(this.optionValue(opt));
+    }
+    return values;
+  },
+
+  optionValue: function(opt) {
+    // extend element because hasAttribute may not be native
+    return Element.extend(opt).hasAttribute('value') ? opt.value : opt.text;
+  }
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Abstract.TimedObserver = Class.create(PeriodicalExecuter, {
+  initialize: function($super, element, frequency, callback) {
+    $super(callback, frequency);
+    this.element   = $(element);
+    this.lastValue = this.getValue();
+  },
+
+  execute: function() {
+    var value = this.getValue();
+    if (Object.isString(this.lastValue) && Object.isString(value) ?
+        this.lastValue != value : String(this.lastValue) != String(value)) {
+      this.callback(this.element, value);
+      this.lastValue = value;
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+Form.Element.Observer = Class.create(Abstract.TimedObserver, {
+  getValue: function() {
+    return Form.Element.getValue(this.element);
+  }
+});
+
+Form.Observer = Class.create(Abstract.TimedObserver, {
+  getValue: function() {
+    return Form.serialize(this.element);
+  }
+});
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Abstract.EventObserver = Class.create({
+  initialize: function(element, callback) {
+    this.element  = $(element);
+    this.callback = callback;
+
+    this.lastValue = this.getValue();
+    if (this.element.tagName.toLowerCase() == 'form')
+      this.registerFormCallbacks();
+    else
+      this.registerCallback(this.element);
+  },
+
+  onElementEvent: function() {
+    var value = this.getValue();
+    if (this.lastValue != value) {
+      this.callback(this.element, value);
+      this.lastValue = value;
+    }
+  },
+
+  registerFormCallbacks: function() {
+    Form.getElements(this.element).each(this.registerCallback, this);
+  },
+
+  registerCallback: function(element) {
+    if (element.type) {
+      switch (element.type.toLowerCase()) {
+        case 'checkbox':
+        case 'radio':
+          Event.observe(element, 'click', this.onElementEvent.bind(this));
+          break;
+        default:
+          Event.observe(element, 'change', this.onElementEvent.bind(this));
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+Form.Element.EventObserver = Class.create(Abstract.EventObserver, {
+  getValue: function() {
+    return Form.Element.getValue(this.element);
+  }
+});
+
+Form.EventObserver = Class.create(Abstract.EventObserver, {
+  getValue: function() {
+    return Form.serialize(this.element);
+  }
+});
+if (!window.Event) var Event = { };
+
+Object.extend(Event, {
+  KEY_BACKSPACE: 8,
+  KEY_TAB:       9,
+  KEY_RETURN:   13,
+  KEY_ESC:      27,
+  KEY_LEFT:     37,
+  KEY_UP:       38,
+  KEY_RIGHT:    39,
+  KEY_DOWN:     40,
+  KEY_DELETE:   46,
+  KEY_HOME:     36,
+  KEY_END:      35,
+  KEY_PAGEUP:   33,
+  KEY_PAGEDOWN: 34,
+  KEY_INSERT:   45,
+
+  cache: { },
+
+  relatedTarget: function(event) {
+    var element;
+    switch(event.type) {
+      case 'mouseover': element = event.fromElement; break;
+      case 'mouseout':  element = event.toElement;   break;
+      default: return null;
+    }
+    return Element.extend(element);
+  }
+});
+
+Event.Methods = (function() {
+  var isButton;
+
+  if (Prototype.Browser.IE) {
+    var buttonMap = { 0: 1, 1: 4, 2: 2 };
+    isButton = function(event, code) {
+      return event.button == buttonMap[code];
+    };
+
+  } else if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit) {
+    isButton = function(event, code) {
+      switch (code) {
+        case 0: return event.which == 1 && !event.metaKey;
+        case 1: return event.which == 1 && event.metaKey;
+        default: return false;
+      }
+    };
+
+  } else {
+    isButton = function(event, code) {
+      return event.which ? (event.which === code + 1) : (event.button === code);
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    isLeftClick:   function(event) { return isButton(event, 0) },
+    isMiddleClick: function(event) { return isButton(event, 1) },
+    isRightClick:  function(event) { return isButton(event, 2) },
+
+    element: function(event) {
+      event = Event.extend(event);
+
+      var node          = event.target,
+          type          = event.type,
+          currentTarget = event.currentTarget;
+
+      if (currentTarget && currentTarget.tagName) {
+        // Firefox screws up the "click" event when moving between radio buttons
+        // via arrow keys. It also screws up the "load" and "error" events on images,
+        // reporting the document as the target instead of the original image.
+        if (type === 'load' || type === 'error' ||
+          (type === 'click' && currentTarget.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'input'
+            && currentTarget.type === 'radio'))
+              node = currentTarget;
+      }
+      if (node.nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE) node = node.parentNode;
+      return Element.extend(node);
+    },
+
+    findElement: function(event, expression) {
+      var element = Event.element(event);
+      if (!expression) return element;
+      var elements = [element].concat(element.ancestors());
+      return Selector.findElement(elements, expression, 0);
+    },
+
+    pointer: function(event) {
+      var docElement = document.documentElement,
+      body = document.body || { scrollLeft: 0, scrollTop: 0 };
+      return {
+        x: event.pageX || (event.clientX +
+          (docElement.scrollLeft || body.scrollLeft) -
+          (docElement.clientLeft || 0)),
+        y: event.pageY || (event.clientY +
+          (docElement.scrollTop || body.scrollTop) -
+          (docElement.clientTop || 0))
+      };
+    },
+
+    pointerX: function(event) { return Event.pointer(event).x },
+    pointerY: function(event) { return Event.pointer(event).y },
+
+    stop: function(event) {
+      Event.extend(event);
+      event.preventDefault();
+      event.stopPropagation();
+      event.stopped = true;
+    }
+  };
+})();
+
+Event.extend = (function() {
+  var methods = Object.keys(Event.Methods).inject({ }, function(m, name) {
+    m[name] = Event.Methods[name].methodize();
+    return m;
+  });
+
+  if (Prototype.Browser.IE) {
+    Object.extend(methods, {
+      stopPropagation: function() { this.cancelBubble = true },
+      preventDefault:  function() { this.returnValue = false },
+      inspect: function() { return "[object Event]" }
+    });
+
+    return function(event) {
+      if (!event) return false;
+      if (event._extendedByPrototype) return event;
+
+      event._extendedByPrototype = Prototype.emptyFunction;
+      var pointer = Event.pointer(event);
+      Object.extend(event, {
+        target: event.srcElement,
+        relatedTarget: Event.relatedTarget(event),
+        pageX:  pointer.x,
+        pageY:  pointer.y
+      });
+      return Object.extend(event, methods);
+    };
+
+  } else {
+    Event.prototype = Event.prototype || document.createEvent("HTMLEvents")['__proto__'];
+    Object.extend(Event.prototype, methods);
+    return Prototype.K;
+  }
+})();
+
+Object.extend(Event, (function() {
+  var cache = Event.cache;
+
+  function getEventID(element) {
+    if (element._prototypeEventID) return element._prototypeEventID[0];
+    arguments.callee.id = arguments.callee.id || 1;
+    return element._prototypeEventID = [++arguments.callee.id];
+  }
+
+  function getDOMEventName(eventName) {
+    if (eventName && eventName.include(':')) return "dataavailable";
+    return eventName;
+  }
+
+  function getCacheForID(id) {
+    return cache[id] = cache[id] || { };
+  }
+
+  function getWrappersForEventName(id, eventName) {
+    var c = getCacheForID(id);
+    return c[eventName] = c[eventName] || [];
+  }
+
+  function createWrapper(element, eventName, handler) {
+    var id = getEventID(element);
+    var c = getWrappersForEventName(id, eventName);
+    if (c.pluck("handler").include(handler)) return false;
+
+    var wrapper = function(event) {
+      if (!Event || !Event.extend ||
+        (event.eventName && event.eventName != eventName))
+          return false;
+
+      Event.extend(event);
+      handler.call(element, event);
+    };
+
+    wrapper.handler = handler;
+    c.push(wrapper);
+    return wrapper;
+  }
+
+  function findWrapper(id, eventName, handler) {
+    var c = getWrappersForEventName(id, eventName);
+    return c.find(function(wrapper) { return wrapper.handler == handler });
+  }
+
+  function destroyWrapper(id, eventName, handler) {
+    var c = getCacheForID(id);
+    if (!c[eventName]) return false;
+    c[eventName] = c[eventName].without(findWrapper(id, eventName, handler));
+  }
+
+  function destroyCache() {
+    for (var id in cache)
+      for (var eventName in cache[id])
+        cache[id][eventName] = null;
+  }
+
+
+  // Internet Explorer needs to remove event handlers on page unload
+  // in order to avoid memory leaks.
+  if (window.attachEvent) {
+    window.attachEvent("onunload", destroyCache);
+  }
+
+  // Safari has a dummy event handler on page unload so that it won't
+  // use its bfcache. Safari <= 3.1 has an issue with restoring the "document"
+  // object when page is returned to via the back button using its bfcache.
+  if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit) {
+    window.addEventListener('unload', Prototype.emptyFunction, false);
+  }
+
+  return {
+    observe: function(element, eventName, handler) {
+      element = $(element);
+      var name = getDOMEventName(eventName);
+
+      var wrapper = createWrapper(element, eventName, handler);
+      if (!wrapper) return element;
+
+      if (element.addEventListener) {
+        element.addEventListener(name, wrapper, false);
+      } else {
+        element.attachEvent("on" + name, wrapper);
+      }
+
+      return element;
+    },
+
+    stopObserving: function(element, eventName, handler) {
+      element = $(element);
+      var id = getEventID(element), name = getDOMEventName(eventName);
+
+      if (!handler && eventName) {
+        getWrappersForEventName(id, eventName).each(function(wrapper) {
+          element.stopObserving(eventName, wrapper.handler);
+        });
+        return element;
+
+      } else if (!eventName) {
+        Object.keys(getCacheForID(id)).each(function(eventName) {
+          element.stopObserving(eventName);
+        });
+        return element;
+      }
+
+      var wrapper = findWrapper(id, eventName, handler);
+      if (!wrapper) return element;
+
+      if (element.removeEventListener) {
+        element.removeEventListener(name, wrapper, false);
+      } else {
+        element.detachEvent("on" + name, wrapper);
+      }
+
+      destroyWrapper(id, eventName, handler);
+
+      return element;
+    },
+
+    fire: function(element, eventName, memo) {
+      element = $(element);
+      if (element == document && document.createEvent && !element.dispatchEvent)
+        element = document.documentElement;
+
+      var event;
+      if (document.createEvent) {
+        event = document.createEvent("HTMLEvents");
+        event.initEvent("dataavailable", true, true);
+      } else {
+        event = document.createEventObject();
+        event.eventType = "ondataavailable";
+      }
+
+      event.eventName = eventName;
+      event.memo = memo || { };
+
+      if (document.createEvent) {
+        element.dispatchEvent(event);
+      } else {
+        element.fireEvent(event.eventType, event);
+      }
+
+      return Event.extend(event);
+    }
+  };
+})());
+
+Object.extend(Event, Event.Methods);
+
+Element.addMethods({
+  fire:          Event.fire,
+  observe:       Event.observe,
+  stopObserving: Event.stopObserving
+});
+
+Object.extend(document, {
+  fire:          Element.Methods.fire.methodize(),
+  observe:       Element.Methods.observe.methodize(),
+  stopObserving: Element.Methods.stopObserving.methodize(),
+  loaded:        false
+});
+
+(function() {
+  /* Support for the DOMContentLoaded event is based on work by Dan Webb,
+     Matthias Miller, Dean Edwards and John Resig. */
+
+  var timer;
+
+  function fireContentLoadedEvent() {
+    if (document.loaded) return;
+    if (timer) window.clearInterval(timer);
+    document.fire("dom:loaded");
+    document.loaded = true;
+  }
+
+  if (document.addEventListener) {
+    if (Prototype.Browser.WebKit) {
+      timer = window.setInterval(function() {
+        if (/loaded|complete/.test(document.readyState))
+          fireContentLoadedEvent();
+      }, 0);
+
+      Event.observe(window, "load", fireContentLoadedEvent);
+
+    } else {
+      document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",
+        fireContentLoadedEvent, false);
+    }
+
+  } else {
+    document.write("<script id=__onDOMContentLoaded defer src=//:><\/script>");
+    $("__onDOMContentLoaded").onreadystatechange = function() {
+      if (this.readyState == "complete") {
+        this.onreadystatechange = null;
+        fireContentLoadedEvent();
+      }
+    };
+  }
+})();
+/*------------------------------- DEPRECATED -------------------------------*/
+
+Hash.toQueryString = Object.toQueryString;
+
+var Toggle = { display: Element.toggle };
+
+Element.Methods.childOf = Element.Methods.descendantOf;
+
+var Insertion = {
+  Before: function(element, content) {
+    return Element.insert(element, {before:content});
+  },
+
+  Top: function(element, content) {
+    return Element.insert(element, {top:content});
+  },
+
+  Bottom: function(element, content) {
+    return Element.insert(element, {bottom:content});
+  },
+
+  After: function(element, content) {
+    return Element.insert(element, {after:content});
+  }
+};
+
+var $continue = new Error('"throw $continue" is deprecated, use "return" instead');
+
+// This should be moved to script.aculo.us; notice the deprecated methods
+// further below, that map to the newer Element methods.
+var Position = {
+  // set to true if needed, warning: firefox performance problems
+  // NOT neeeded for page scrolling, only if draggable contained in
+  // scrollable elements
+  includeScrollOffsets: false,
+
+  // must be called before calling withinIncludingScrolloffset, every time the
+  // page is scrolled
+  prepare: function() {
+    this.deltaX =  window.pageXOffset
+                || document.documentElement.scrollLeft
+                || document.body.scrollLeft
+                || 0;
+    this.deltaY =  window.pageYOffset
+                || document.documentElement.scrollTop
+                || document.body.scrollTop
+                || 0;
+  },
+
+  // caches x/y coordinate pair to use with overlap
+  within: function(element, x, y) {
+    if (this.includeScrollOffsets)
+      return this.withinIncludingScrolloffsets(element, x, y);
+    this.xcomp = x;
+    this.ycomp = y;
+    this.offset = Element.cumulativeOffset(element);
+
+    return (y >= this.offset[1] &&
+            y <  this.offset[1] + element.offsetHeight &&
+            x >= this.offset[0] &&
+            x <  this.offset[0] + element.offsetWidth);
+  },
+
+  withinIncludingScrolloffsets: function(element, x, y) {
+    var offsetcache = Element.cumulativeScrollOffset(element);
+
+    this.xcomp = x + offsetcache[0] - this.deltaX;
+    this.ycomp = y + offsetcache[1] - this.deltaY;
+    this.offset = Element.cumulativeOffset(element);
+
+    return (this.ycomp >= this.offset[1] &&
+            this.ycomp <  this.offset[1] + element.offsetHeight &&
+            this.xcomp >= this.offset[0] &&
+            this.xcomp <  this.offset[0] + element.offsetWidth);
+  },
+
+  // within must be called directly before
+  overlap: function(mode, element) {
+    if (!mode) return 0;
+    if (mode == 'vertical')
+      return ((this.offset[1] + element.offsetHeight) - this.ycomp) /
+        element.offsetHeight;
+    if (mode == 'horizontal')
+      return ((this.offset[0] + element.offsetWidth) - this.xcomp) /
+        element.offsetWidth;
+  },
+
+  // Deprecation layer -- use newer Element methods now (1.5.2).
+
+  cumulativeOffset: Element.Methods.cumulativeOffset,
+
+  positionedOffset: Element.Methods.positionedOffset,
+
+  absolutize: function(element) {
+    Position.prepare();
+    return Element.absolutize(element);
+  },
+
+  relativize: function(element) {
+    Position.prepare();
+    return Element.relativize(element);
+  },
+
+  realOffset: Element.Methods.cumulativeScrollOffset,
+
+  offsetParent: Element.Methods.getOffsetParent,
+
+  page: Element.Methods.viewportOffset,
+
+  clone: function(source, target, options) {
+    options = options || { };
+    return Element.clonePosition(target, source, options);
+  }
+};
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+if (!document.getElementsByClassName) document.getElementsByClassName = function(instanceMethods){
+  function iter(name) {
+    return name.blank() ? null : "[contains(concat(' ', @class, ' '), ' " + name + " ')]";
+  }
+
+  instanceMethods.getElementsByClassName = Prototype.BrowserFeatures.XPath ?
+  function(element, className) {
+    className = className.toString().strip();
+    var cond = /\s/.test(className) ? $w(className).map(iter).join('') : iter(className);
+    return cond ? document._getElementsByXPath('.//*' + cond, element) : [];
+  } : function(element, className) {
+    className = className.toString().strip();
+    var elements = [], classNames = (/\s/.test(className) ? $w(className) : null);
+    if (!classNames && !className) return elements;
+
+    var nodes = $(element).getElementsByTagName('*');
+    className = ' ' + className + ' ';
+
+    for (var i = 0, child, cn; child = nodes[i]; i++) {
+      if (child.className && (cn = ' ' + child.className + ' ') && (cn.include(className) ||
+          (classNames && classNames.all(function(name) {
+            return !name.toString().blank() && cn.include(' ' + name + ' ');
+          }))))
+        elements.push(Element.extend(child));
+    }
+    return elements;
+  };
+
+  return function(className, parentElement) {
+    return $(parentElement || document.body).getElementsByClassName(className);
+  };
+}(Element.Methods);
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Element.ClassNames = Class.create();
+Element.ClassNames.prototype = {
+  initialize: function(element) {
+    this.element = $(element);
+  },
+
+  _each: function(iterator) {
+    this.element.className.split(/\s+/).select(function(name) {
+      return name.length > 0;
+    })._each(iterator);
+  },
+
+  set: function(className) {
+    this.element.className = className;
+  },
+
+  add: function(classNameToAdd) {
+    if (this.include(classNameToAdd)) return;
+    this.set($A(this).concat(classNameToAdd).join(' '));
+  },
+
+  remove: function(classNameToRemove) {
+    if (!this.include(classNameToRemove)) return;
+    this.set($A(this).without(classNameToRemove).join(' '));
+  },
+
+  toString: function() {
+    return $A(this).join(' ');
+  }
+};
+
+Object.extend(Element.ClassNames.prototype, Enumerable);
+
+/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+Element.addMethods();
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/robots.txt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/robots.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..085187fa58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/robots.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# See http://www.robotstxt.org/wc/norobots.html for documentation on how to use the robots.txt file
+#
+# To ban all spiders from the entire site uncomment the next two lines:
+# User-Agent: *
+# Disallow: /
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/stylesheets/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/stylesheets/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/public/stylesheets/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/about.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/about.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..1220676c08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/about.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift "#{RAILTIES_PATH}/builtin/rails_info"
+require 'rails/commands/about'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/console.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/console.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..5aec193853
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/console.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/console'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/dbconsole.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/dbconsole.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..632563f470
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/dbconsole.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/dbconsole'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/destroy.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/destroy.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c5f94862c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/destroy.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/destroy'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/generate.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/generate.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..d466c94767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/generate.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/generate'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/performance/benchmarker.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/performance/benchmarker.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..3e03aaa767
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/performance/benchmarker.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/performance/benchmarker'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/performance/profiler.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/performance/profiler.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..deada2f561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/performance/profiler.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/performance/profiler'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/plugin.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/plugin.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..f4081f56b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/plugin.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/plugin'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/runner.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/runner.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..60c8c0bba1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/runner.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/runner'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/server.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/server.tt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..54e3346bec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/script/server.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang %>
+require File.expand_path('../../config/boot',  __FILE__)
+require 'rails/commands/server'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/fixtures/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/fixtures/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/fixtures/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/functional/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/functional/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/functional/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/integration/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/integration/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/integration/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/performance/browsing_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/performance/browsing_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b60558b43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/performance/browsing_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+require 'performance_test_help'
+
+# Profiling results for each test method are written to tmp/performance.
+class BrowsingTest < ActionController::PerformanceTest
+  def test_homepage
+    get '/'
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/test_helper.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/test_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a16f587d8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+ENV["RAILS_ENV"] = "test"
+require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../config/environment")
+require 'rails/test_help'
+
+class ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # Transactional fixtures accelerate your tests by wrapping each test method
+  # in a transaction that's rolled back on completion.  This ensures that the
+  # test database remains unchanged so your fixtures don't have to be reloaded
+  # between every test method.  Fewer database queries means faster tests.
+  #
+  # Read Mike Clark's excellent walkthrough at
+  #   http://clarkware.com/cgi/blosxom/2005/10/24#Rails10FastTesting
+  #
+  # Every Active Record database supports transactions except MyISAM tables
+  # in MySQL.  Turn off transactional fixtures in this case; however, if you
+  # don't care one way or the other, switching from MyISAM to InnoDB tables
+  # is recommended.
+  #
+  # The only drawback to using transactional fixtures is when you actually 
+  # need to test transactions.  Since your test is bracketed by a transaction,
+  # any transactions started in your code will be automatically rolled back.
+  self.use_transactional_fixtures = true
+
+  # Instantiated fixtures are slow, but give you @david where otherwise you
+  # would need people(:david).  If you don't want to migrate your existing
+  # test cases which use the @david style and don't mind the speed hit (each
+  # instantiated fixtures translates to a database query per test method),
+  # then set this back to true.
+  self.use_instantiated_fixtures  = false
+
+  # Setup all fixtures in test/fixtures/*.(yml|csv) for all tests in alphabetical order.
+  #
+  # Note: You'll currently still have to declare fixtures explicitly in integration tests
+  # -- they do not yet inherit this setting
+  fixtures :all
+
+  # Add more helper methods to be used by all tests here...
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/unit/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/unit/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/test/unit/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6ed4b2edfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new controller and its views. Pass the controller name, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, and a list of views as arguments.
+
+    To create a controller within a module, specify the controller name as a
+    path like 'parent_module/controller_name'.
+
+    This generates a controller class in app/controllers and invokes helper,
+    template engine and test framework generators.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate controller CreditCard open debit credit close`
+
+    Credit card controller with URLs like /credit_card/debit.
+        Controller:      app/controllers/credit_card_controller.rb
+        Functional Test: test/functional/credit_card_controller_test.rb
+        Views:           app/views/credit_card/debit.html.erb [...]
+        Helper:          app/helpers/credit_card_helper.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/controller_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/controller_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91470be833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/controller_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ControllerGenerator < NamedBase
+      argument :actions, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "action action"
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Controller"
+
+      def create_controller_files
+        template 'controller.rb', File.join('app/controllers', class_path, "#{file_name}_controller.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :template_engine, :test_framework, :helper
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/templates/controller.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/templates/controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cda2659e69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/controller/templates/controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class <%= class_name %>Controller < ApplicationController
+<% for action in actions -%>
+  def <%= action %>
+  end
+
+<% end -%>
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ca7d3f62d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new generator at lib/generators. Pass the generator name, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, as an argument. 
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate generator Awesome`
+
+    creates a standard awesome generator:
+        lib/generators/awesome/
+        lib/generators/awesome/awesome_generator.rb
+        lib/generators/awesome/templates/
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/generator_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/generator_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5b5d1884bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/generator_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class GeneratorGenerator < NamedBase
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Generator"
+
+      class_option :namespace, :type => :boolean, :default => true,
+                               :desc => "Namespace generator under lib/generators/name"
+
+      def create_generator_files
+        directory '.', generator_dir
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def generator_dir
+          if options[:namespace]
+            File.join("lib", "generators", file_name)
+          else
+            File.join("lib", "generators")
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/%file_name%_generator.rb.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/%file_name%_generator.rb.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..675f00043f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/%file_name%_generator.rb.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+class <%= class_name %>Generator < Rails::Generators::NamedBase
+  def self.source_root
+    @source_root ||= File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), 'templates'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/USAGE.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/USAGE.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea9f4f12cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/USAGE.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Description:
+    Explain the generator
+
+Example:
+    ./script/generate <%= file_name %> Thing
+
+    This will create:
+        what/will/it/create
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/templates/.empty_directory b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/templates/.empty_directory
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/generator/templates/templates/.empty_directory
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..531c9b390a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new helper. Pass the helper name, either CamelCased
+    or under_scored.
+
+    To create a helper within a module, specify the helper name as a
+    path like 'parent_module/helper_name'.
+
+    This generates a helper class in app/helpers and invokes the configured
+    test framework.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate helper CreditCard`
+
+    Credit card helper.
+        Helper:     app/helpers/credit_card_helper.rb
+        Test:       test/unit/helpers/credit_card_helper_test.rb
+
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/helper_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/helper_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ad66388591
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/helper_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class HelperGenerator < NamedBase
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Helper"
+
+      def create_helper_files
+        template 'helper.rb', File.join('app/helpers', class_path, "#{file_name}_helper.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :test_framework
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/templates/helper.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/templates/helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3fe2ecdc74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/helper/templates/helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+module <%= class_name %>Helper
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/integration_test/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/integration_test/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b76c35a702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/integration_test/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new integration test. Pass the name of the test, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, as an argument.
+
+    This generator invokes the current integration tool, which defaults to
+    TestUnit.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate integration_test GeneralStories` creates a GeneralStories
+    integration test in test/integration/general_stories_test.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/integration_test/integration_test_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/integration_test/integration_test_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..363a327fcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/integration_test/integration_test_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class IntegrationTestGenerator < NamedBase
+      hook_for :integration_tool, :as => :integration
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c56095b2c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new mailer and its views. Pass the mailer name, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, and an optional list of emails as arguments.
+
+    This generates a mailer class in app/models and invokes your template
+    engine and test framework generators.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate mailer Notifications signup forgot_password invoice`
+
+    creates a Notifications mailer class, views, test, and fixtures:
+        Mailer:     app/models/notifications.rb
+        Views:      app/views/notifications/signup.erb [...]
+        Test:       test/unit/test/unit/notifications_test.rb
+        Fixtures:   test/fixtures/notifications/signup [...]
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/mailer_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/mailer_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..33f1665b83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/mailer_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class MailerGenerator < NamedBase
+      argument :actions, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "method method"
+      check_class_collision
+
+      def create_mailer_file
+        template "mailer.rb", File.join('app/models', class_path, "#{file_name}.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :template_engine, :test_framework
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/templates/mailer.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/templates/mailer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..90e0b712d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/mailer/templates/mailer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+class <%= class_name %> < ActionMailer::Base
+<% for action in actions -%>
+
+  def <%= action %>(sent_at = Time.now)
+    subject    '<%= class_name %>#<%= action %>'
+    recipients ''
+    from       ''
+    sent_on    sent_at
+    
+    body       :greeting => 'Hi,'
+  end
+
+<% end -%>
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..123ec6c03f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Description:
+    Cast some metal!
+
+Examples:
+    `./script/generate metal poller`
+
+        This will create:
+            Metal: app/metal/poller.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/metal_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/metal_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fe4f945cad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/metal_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class MetalGenerator < NamedBase
+      check_class_collision
+
+      def create_metal_file
+        template "metal.rb", "app/metal/#{file_name}.rb"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/templates/metal.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/templates/metal.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e94982b69a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/metal/templates/metal.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Allow the metal piece to run in isolation
+require(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../../config/environment") unless defined?(Rails)
+
+class <%= class_name %>
+  def self.call(env)
+    if env["PATH_INFO"] =~ /^\/<%= file_name %>/
+      [200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["Hello, World!"]]
+    else
+      [404, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["Not Found"]]
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/migration/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/migration/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d91127aac3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/migration/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new database migration. Pass the migration name, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, and an optional list of attribute pairs as arguments.
+
+    A migration class is generated in db/migrate prefixed by a timestamp of the current date and time.
+
+    You can name your migration in either of these formats to generate add/remove
+    column lines from supplied attributes: AddColumnsToTable or RemoveColumnsFromTable
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate migration AddSslFlag`
+
+    If the current date is May 14, 2008 and the current time 09:09:12, this creates the AddSslFlag migration
+    db/migrate/20080514090912_add_ssl_flag.rb
+
+    `./script/generate migration AddTitleBodyToPost title:string body:text published:boolean`
+
+    This will create the AddTitleBodyToPost in db/migrate/20080514090912_add_title_body_to_post.rb with
+    this in the Up migration:
+
+      add_column :posts, :title, :string  
+      add_column :posts, :body, :text  
+      add_column :posts, :published, :boolean
+
+    And this in the Down migration:
+
+      remove_column :posts, :published  
+      remove_column :posts, :body  
+      remove_column :posts, :title
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/migration/migration_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/migration/migration_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39fa5b63b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/migration/migration_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class MigrationGenerator < NamedBase #metagenerator
+      argument :attributes, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "field:type field:type"
+      hook_for :orm, :required => true
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b056d5df8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new model. Pass the model name, either CamelCased or
+    under_scored, and an optional list of attribute pairs as arguments.
+
+    Attribute pairs are field:type arguments specifying the
+    model's attributes. Timestamps are added by default, so you don't have to
+    specify them by hand as 'created_at:datetime updated_at:datetime'.
+
+    You don't have to think up every attribute up front, but it helps to
+    sketch out a few so you can start working with the model immediately.
+
+    This generator invokes your configured ORM and test framework, which
+    defaults to ActiveRecord and TestUnit.
+
+    Finally, if --parent option is given, it's used as superclass of the
+    created model. This allows you create Single Table Inheritance models.
+
+Examples:
+    `./script/generate model account`
+
+        For ActiveRecord and TestUnit it creates:
+
+            Model:      app/models/account.rb
+            Test:       test/unit/account_test.rb
+            Fixtures:   test/fixtures/accounts.yml
+            Migration:  db/migrate/XXX_add_accounts.rb
+
+    `./script/generate model post title:string body:text published:boolean`
+
+        Creates a Post model with a string title, text body, and published flag.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model/model_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model/model_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..629d5eed3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model/model_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ModelGenerator < NamedBase #metagenerator
+      argument :attributes, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "field:type field:type"
+      hook_for :orm, :required => true
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model_subclass/model_subclass_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model_subclass/model_subclass_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4649709780
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/model_subclass/model_subclass_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ModelSubclassGenerator < Base
+      desc "model_subclass is deprecated. Invoke model with --parent option instead."
+
+      def say_deprecation_warn
+         say self.class.desc
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/observer/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/observer/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a20f55a89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/observer/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new observer. Pass the observer name, either CamelCased or
+    under_scored, as an argument.
+
+    This generator only invokes your ORM and test framework generators.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate observer Account`
+
+    For ActiveRecord and TestUnit it creates:
+        Observer:   app/models/account_observer.rb
+        TestUnit:   test/unit/account_observer_test.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/observer/observer_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/observer/observer_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f5cedee91f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/observer/observer_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ObserverGenerator < NamedBase #metagenerator
+      hook_for :orm, :required => true
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/performance_test/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/performance_test/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ee82578cdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/performance_test/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new performance test. Pass the name of the test, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, as an argument.
+
+    This generator invokes the current performance tool, which defaults to
+    TestUnit.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate performance_test GeneralStories` creates a GeneralStories
+    performance test in test/performance/general_stories_test.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/performance_test/performance_test_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/performance_test/performance_test_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d1c71ab8ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/performance_test/performance_test_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class PerformanceTestGenerator < NamedBase
+      hook_for :performance_tool, :as => :performance
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8a17fa4dec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new plugin at vendor/plugins. Pass the plugin name, either
+    CamelCased or under_scored, as an argument. 
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate plugin BrowserFilters`
+
+    creates a standard browser_filters plugin:
+        vendor/plugins/browser_filters/README
+        vendor/plugins/browser_filters/init.rb
+        vendor/plugins/browser_filters/install.rb
+        vendor/plugins/browser_filters/lib/browser_filters.rb
+        vendor/plugins/browser_filters/test/browser_filters_test.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/plugin_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/plugin_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bc614bc5d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/plugin_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+require 'rails/generators/rails/generator/generator_generator'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class PluginGenerator < NamedBase
+      class_option :tasks, :desc => "When supplied creates tasks base files."
+
+      check_class_collision
+
+      def create_root_files
+        directory '.', plugin_dir, :recursive => false
+      end
+
+      def create_lib_files
+        directory 'lib', plugin_dir('lib'), :recursive => false
+      end
+
+      def create_tasks_files
+        return unless options[:tasks]
+        directory 'tasks', plugin_dir('tasks')
+      end
+
+      hook_for :generator do |instance, generator|
+        instance.inside instance.send(:plugin_dir), :verbose => true do
+          instance.invoke generator, [ instance.name ], :namespace => false
+        end
+      end
+
+      hook_for :test_framework do |instance, test_framework|
+        instance.inside instance.send(:plugin_dir), :verbose => true do
+          instance.invoke test_framework
+        end
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def plugin_dir(join=nil)
+          if join
+            File.join(plugin_dir, join)
+          else
+            "vendor/plugins/#{file_name}"
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/MIT-LICENSE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/MIT-LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8717df053d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/MIT-LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) <%= Date.today.year %> [name of plugin creator]
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/README b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..702db07cb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/README
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<%= class_name %>
+<%= "=" * class_name.size %>
+
+Introduction goes here.
+
+
+Example
+=======
+
+Example goes here.
+
+
+Copyright (c) <%= Date.today.year %> [name of plugin creator], released under the MIT license
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/Rakefile b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/Rakefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85e8ff1834
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/Rakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+require 'rake'
+require 'rake/testtask'
+require 'rake/rdoctask'
+
+desc 'Default: run unit tests.'
+task :default => :test
+
+desc 'Test the <%= file_name %> plugin.'
+Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
+  t.libs << 'lib'
+  t.libs << 'test'
+  t.pattern = 'test/**/*_test.rb'
+  t.verbose = true
+end
+
+desc 'Generate documentation for the <%= file_name %> plugin.'
+Rake::RDocTask.new(:rdoc) do |rdoc|
+  rdoc.rdoc_dir = 'rdoc'
+  rdoc.title    = '<%= class_name %>'
+  rdoc.options << '--line-numbers' << '--inline-source'
+  rdoc.rdoc_files.include('README')
+  rdoc.rdoc_files.include('lib/**/*.rb')
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/init.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/init.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3c19a743c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/init.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Include hook code here
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/install.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/install.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f7732d3796
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/install.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Install hook code here
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/lib/%file_name%.rb.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/lib/%file_name%.rb.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d8d908a959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/lib/%file_name%.rb.tt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# <%= class_name %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/tasks/%file_name%_tasks.rake.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/tasks/%file_name%_tasks.rake.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..72920a9d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/tasks/%file_name%_tasks.rake.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# desc "Explaining what the task does"
+# task :<%= file_name %> do
+#   # Task goes here
+# end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/uninstall.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/uninstall.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9738333463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/plugin/templates/uninstall.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# Uninstall hook code here
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/resource/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/resource/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..936619b0db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/resource/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a new resource including an empty model and controller suitable
+    for a restful, resource-oriented application. Pass the singular model name,
+    either CamelCased or under_scored, as the first argument, and an optional
+    list of attribute pairs.
+
+    Attribute pairs are field:type arguments specifying the
+    model's attributes. Timestamps are added by default, so you don't have to
+    specify them by hand as 'created_at:datetime updated_at:datetime'.
+
+    You don't have to think up every attribute up front, but it helps to
+    sketch out a few so you can start working with the model immediately.
+
+    This generator invokes your configured ORM and test framework, besides
+    creating helpers and add routes to config/routes.rb.
+
+    Unlike the scaffold generator, the resource generator does not create
+    views or add any methods to the generated controller.
+
+Examples:
+    `./script/generate resource post` # no attributes
+    `./script/generate resource post title:string body:text published:boolean`
+    `./script/generate resource purchase order_id:integer amount:decimal`
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/resource/resource_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/resource/resource_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e49f9aea1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/resource/resource_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+require 'rails/generators/rails/model/model_generator'
+require 'rails/generators/resource_helpers'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ResourceGenerator < ModelGenerator #metagenerator
+      include ResourceHelpers
+
+      hook_for :resource_controller, :required => true do |base, controller|
+        base.invoke controller, [ base.controller_name, base.options[:actions] ]
+      end
+
+      class_option :actions, :type => :array, :banner => "ACTION ACTION", :default => [],
+                             :desc => "Actions for the resource controller"
+
+      class_option :singleton, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Supply to create a singleton controller"
+
+      def add_resource_route
+        route "map.resource#{:s unless options[:singleton]} :#{pluralize?(file_name)}"
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def pluralize?(name)
+          if options[:singleton]
+            name
+          else
+            name.pluralize
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71edd2f469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Description:
+    Scaffolds an entire resource, from model and migration to controller and
+    views, along with a full test suite. The resource is ready to use as a
+    starting point for your RESTful, resource-oriented application.
+
+    Pass the name of the model (in singular form), either CamelCased or
+    under_scored, as the first argument, and an optional list of attribute
+    pairs.
+
+    Attribute pairs are field:type arguments specifying the
+    model's attributes. Timestamps are added by default, so you don't have to
+    specify them by hand as 'created_at:datetime updated_at:datetime'.
+
+    You don't have to think up every attribute up front, but it helps to
+    sketch out a few so you can start working with the resource immediately.
+
+    For example, 'scaffold post title:string body:text published:boolean'
+    gives you a model with those three attributes, a controller that handles
+    the create/show/update/destroy, forms to create and edit your posts, and
+    an index that lists them all, as well as a map.resources :posts
+    declaration in config/routes.rb.
+
+    If you want to remove all the generated files, run
+    'script/destroy scaffold ModelName'.
+
+Examples:
+    `./script/generate scaffold post`
+    `./script/generate scaffold post title:string body:text published:boolean`
+    `./script/generate scaffold purchase order_id:integer amount:decimal`
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..779f933785
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require 'rails/generators/rails/resource/resource_generator'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ScaffoldGenerator < ResourceGenerator #metagenerator
+      remove_hook_for :resource_controller
+      remove_class_option :actions
+
+      hook_for :scaffold_controller, :required => true
+      hook_for :stylesheets
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d60a3c3680
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Description:
+    Stubs out a scaffolded controller and its views. Pass the model name,
+    either CamelCased or under_scored, and a list of views as arguments.
+    The controller name is retrieved as a pluralized version of the model
+    name.
+
+    To create a controller within a module, specify the model name as a
+    path like 'parent_module/controller_name'.
+
+    This generates a controller class in app/controllers and invokes helper,
+    template engine and test framework generators.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate scaffold_controller CreditCard`
+
+    Credit card controller with URLs like /credit_card/debit.
+        Controller:      app/controllers/credit_cards_controller.rb
+        Functional Test: test/functional/credit_cards_controller_test.rb
+        Views:           app/views/credit_cards/index.html.erb [...]
+        Helper:          app/helpers/credit_cards_helper.rb
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/scaffold_controller_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/scaffold_controller_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e544e29892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/scaffold_controller_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+require 'rails/generators/resource_helpers'
+
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class ScaffoldControllerGenerator < NamedBase
+      include ResourceHelpers
+
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Controller"
+
+      class_option :orm, :banner => "NAME", :type => :string, :required => true,
+                         :desc => "ORM to generate the controller for"
+
+      class_option :singleton, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Supply to create a singleton controller"
+
+      def create_controller_files
+        template 'controller.rb', File.join('app/controllers', class_path, "#{controller_file_name}_controller.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :template_engine, :test_framework, :as => :scaffold
+
+      # Invoke the helper using the controller (pluralized) name.
+      hook_for :helper, :as => :scaffold do |base, invoked|
+        base.invoke invoked, [ base.controller_name ]
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/templates/controller.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/templates/controller.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3cc8bbf8e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/scaffold_controller/templates/controller.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+class <%= controller_class_name %>Controller < ApplicationController
+<% unless options[:singleton] -%>
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>.xml
+  def index
+    @<%= table_name %> = <%= orm_class.all(class_name) %>
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      format.html # index.html.erb
+      format.xml  { render :xml => @<%= table_name %> }
+    end
+  end
+<% end -%>
+
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>/1
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>/1.xml
+  def show
+    @<%= file_name %> = <%= orm_class.find(class_name, "params[:id]") %>
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      format.html # show.html.erb
+      format.xml  { render :xml => @<%= file_name %> }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>/new
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>/new.xml
+  def new
+    @<%= file_name %> = <%= orm_class.build(class_name) %>
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      format.html # new.html.erb
+      format.xml  { render :xml => @<%= file_name %> }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # GET /<%= table_name %>/1/edit
+  def edit
+    @<%= file_name %> = <%= orm_class.find(class_name, "params[:id]") %>
+  end
+
+  # POST /<%= table_name %>
+  # POST /<%= table_name %>.xml
+  def create
+    @<%= file_name %> = <%= orm_class.build(class_name, "params[:#{file_name}]") %>
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      if @<%= orm_instance.save %>
+        flash[:notice] = '<%= class_name %> was successfully created.'
+        format.html { redirect_to(@<%= file_name %>) }
+        format.xml  { render :xml => @<%= file_name %>, :status => :created, :location => @<%= file_name %> }
+      else
+        format.html { render :action => "new" }
+        format.xml  { render :xml => @<%= orm_instance.errors %>, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # PUT /<%= table_name %>/1
+  # PUT /<%= table_name %>/1.xml
+  def update
+    @<%= file_name %> = <%= orm_class.find(class_name, "params[:id]") %>
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      if @<%= orm_instance.update_attributes("params[:#{file_name}]") %>
+        flash[:notice] = '<%= class_name %> was successfully updated.'
+        format.html { redirect_to(@<%= file_name %>) }
+        format.xml  { head :ok }
+      else
+        format.html { render :action => "edit" }
+        format.xml  { render :xml => @<%= orm_instance.errors %>, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # DELETE /<%= table_name %>/1
+  # DELETE /<%= table_name %>/1.xml
+  def destroy
+    @<%= file_name %> = <%= orm_class.find(class_name, "params[:id]") %>
+    @<%= orm_instance.destroy %>
+
+    respond_to do |format|
+      format.html { redirect_to(<%= table_name %>_url) }
+      format.xml  { head :ok }
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/session_migration/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/session_migration/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e106f6ecc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/session_migration/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Description:
+    Creates a migration to add the sessions table used by the ORM session store.
+    Pass the migration name, either CamelCased or under_scored, as an argument.
+
+    Before invoking this generator, be sure that your ORM supports session stores.
+
+Example:
+    `./script/generate session_migration CreateSessionTable`
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/session_migration/session_migration_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/session_migration/session_migration_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..258cc5b4a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/session_migration/session_migration_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class SessionMigrationGenerator < NamedBase #metagenerator
+      argument :name, :type => :string, :default => "add_sessions_table"
+      hook_for :orm, :required => true
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/USAGE b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/USAGE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d6a81e51d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/USAGE
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Description:
+    Copies scaffold stylesheets to public/stylesheets/.
+
+Examples:
+    `./script/generate stylesheets`
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/stylesheets_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/stylesheets_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce68443c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/stylesheets_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    class StylesheetsGenerator < Base
+      def copy_stylesheets_file
+        template "scaffold.css", "public/stylesheets/scaffold.css" if behavior == :invoke
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/templates/scaffold.css b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/templates/scaffold.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9fa2cf2dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/stylesheets/templates/scaffold.css
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+body { background-color: #fff; color: #333; }
+
+body, p, ol, ul, td {
+  font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif;
+  font-size:   13px;
+  line-height: 18px;
+}
+
+pre {
+  background-color: #eee;
+  padding: 10px;
+  font-size: 11px;
+}
+
+a { color: #000; }
+a:visited { color: #666; }
+a:hover { color: #fff; background-color:#000; }
+
+div.field, div.actions {
+  margin-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+.notice {
+  color: green;
+}
+
+.fieldWithErrors {
+  padding: 2px;
+  background-color: red;
+  display: table;
+}
+
+#errorExplanation {
+  width: 400px;
+  border: 2px solid red;
+  padding: 7px;
+  padding-bottom: 12px;
+  margin-bottom: 20px;
+  background-color: #f0f0f0;
+}
+
+#errorExplanation h2 {
+  text-align: left;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  padding: 5px 5px 5px 15px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  margin: -7px;
+  background-color: #c00;
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+#errorExplanation p {
+  color: #333;
+  margin-bottom: 0;
+  padding: 5px;
+}
+
+#errorExplanation ul li {
+  font-size: 12px;
+  list-style: square;
+}
+
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d4b0d4b945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/resource_helpers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+module Rails
+  module Generators
+    # Deal with controller names on scaffold and add some helpers to deal with
+    # ActiveModel.
+    #
+    module ResourceHelpers
+      def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
+        base.send :attr_reader, :controller_name, :controller_class_name, :controller_file_name,
+                                :controller_class_path, :controller_file_path
+
+        base.send :class_option, :force_plural, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Forces the use of a plural ModelName"
+      end
+
+      # Set controller variables on initialization.
+      #
+      def initialize(*args) #:nodoc:
+        super
+
+        if name == name.pluralize && !options[:force_plural]
+          say "Plural version of the model detected, using singularized version. Override with --force-plural."
+          name.replace name.singularize
+          assign_names!(self.name)
+        end
+
+        @controller_name = name.pluralize
+
+        base_name, @controller_class_path, @controller_file_path, class_nesting, class_nesting_depth = extract_modules(@controller_name)
+        class_name_without_nesting, @controller_file_name, controller_plural_name = inflect_names(base_name)
+
+        @controller_class_name = if class_nesting.empty?
+          class_name_without_nesting
+        else
+          "#{class_nesting}::#{class_name_without_nesting}"
+        end
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Loads the ORM::Generators::ActiveModel class. This class is responsable
+        # to tell scaffold entities how to generate an specific method for the
+        # ORM. Check Rails::Generators::ActiveModel for more information.
+        #
+        def orm_class
+          @orm_class ||= begin
+            # Raise an error if the class_option :orm was not defined.
+            unless self.class.class_options[:orm]
+              raise "You need to have :orm as class option to invoke orm_class and orm_instance"
+            end
+
+            active_model = "#{options[:orm].to_s.classify}::Generators::ActiveModel"
+
+            # If the orm was not loaded, try to load it at "generators/orm",
+            # for example "generators/active_record" or "generators/sequel".
+            begin
+              klass = active_model.constantize
+            rescue NameError
+              require "rails/generators/#{options[:orm]}"
+            end
+
+            # Try once again after loading the file with success.
+            klass ||= active_model.constantize
+          rescue Exception => e
+            raise Error, "Could not load #{active_model}, skipping controller. Error: #{e.message}."
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Initialize ORM::Generators::ActiveModel to access instance methods.
+        #
+        def orm_instance(name=file_name)
+          @orm_instance ||= @orm_class.new(name)
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..62b9afaa2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'rails/generators/named_base'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class Base < Rails::Generators::NamedBase #:nodoc:
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/controller/controller_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/controller/controller_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..39816d9990
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/controller/controller_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class ControllerGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "ControllerTest"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        template 'functional_test.rb',
+                 File.join('test/functional', class_path, "#{file_name}_controller_test.rb")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/controller/templates/functional_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/controller/templates/functional_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..62fa5d86fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/controller/templates/functional_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>ControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/helper/helper_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/helper/helper_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ea80bf7be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/helper/helper_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class HelperGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "HelperTest"
+
+      def create_helper_files
+        template 'helper_test.rb', File.join('test/unit/helpers', class_path, "#{file_name}_helper_test.rb")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/helper/templates/helper_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/helper/templates/helper_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..591e40900e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/helper/templates/helper_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>HelperTest < ActionView::TestCase
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/integration/integration_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/integration/integration_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32d0fac029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/integration/integration_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class IntegrationGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Test"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        template 'integration_test.rb', File.join('test/integration', class_path, "#{file_name}_test.rb")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/integration/templates/integration_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/integration/templates/integration_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2c57158b1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/integration/templates/integration_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>Test < ActionController::IntegrationTest
+  fixtures :all
+
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/mailer_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/mailer_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7353e5d61a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/mailer_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class MailerGenerator < Base
+      argument :actions, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "method method"
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Test"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        template "unit_test.rb", File.join('test/unit', class_path, "#{file_name}_test.rb")
+      end
+
+      def create_fixtures_files
+        actions.each do |action|
+          @action, @path = action, File.join(file_path, action)
+          template "fixture", File.join("test/fixtures", @path)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/templates/fixture b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/templates/fixture
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fcce7bd805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/templates/fixture
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= class_name %>#<%= @action %>
+
+Find me in app/views/<%= @path %>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/templates/unit_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/templates/unit_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4de94076e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/mailer/templates/unit_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>Test < ActionMailer::TestCase
+<% for action in actions -%>
+  test "<%= action %>" do
+    @expected.subject = '<%= class_name %>#<%= action %>'
+    @expected.body    = read_fixture('<%= action %>')
+    @expected.date    = Time.now
+
+    assert_equal @expected.encoded, <%= class_name %>.create_<%= action %>(@expected.date).encoded
+  end
+
+<% end -%>
+<% if actions.blank? -%>
+  # replace this with your real tests
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+<% end -%>
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/model_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/model_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..609b815683
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/model_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class ModelGenerator < Base
+      argument :attributes, :type => :array, :default => [], :banner => "field:type field:type"
+      class_option :fixture, :type => :boolean
+
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Test"
+
+      def create_test_file
+        template 'unit_test.rb', File.join('test/unit', class_path, "#{file_name}_test.rb")
+      end
+
+      hook_for :fixture_replacement
+
+      def create_fixture_file
+        if options[:fixture] && options[:fixture_replacement].nil?
+          template 'fixtures.yml', File.join('test/fixtures', "#{table_name}.yml")
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/templates/fixtures.yml b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/templates/fixtures.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c21035113e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/templates/fixtures.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Read about fixtures at http://ar.rubyonrails.org/classes/Fixtures.html
+
+<% unless attributes.empty? -%>
+one:
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+  <%= attribute.name %>: <%= attribute.default %>
+<% end -%>
+
+two:
+<% for attribute in attributes -%>
+  <%= attribute.name %>: <%= attribute.default %>
+<% end -%>
+<% else -%>
+# one:
+#   column: value
+#
+# two:
+#   column: value
+<% end -%>
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/templates/unit_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/templates/unit_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e0bc29d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/model/templates/unit_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>Test < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/observer/observer_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/observer/observer_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6cc1158c21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/observer/observer_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class ObserverGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "ObserverTest"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        template 'unit_test.rb',  File.join('test/unit', class_path, "#{file_name}_observer_test.rb")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/observer/templates/unit_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/observer/templates/unit_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03f6d5666e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/observer/templates/unit_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>ObserverTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/performance/performance_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/performance/performance_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..99edda5461
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/performance/performance_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class PerformanceGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Test"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        template 'performance_test.rb', File.join('test/performance', class_path, "#{file_name}_test.rb")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/performance/templates/performance_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/performance/templates/performance_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27c91b0fca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/performance/templates/performance_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+require 'performance_test_help'
+
+class <%= class_name %>Test < ActionController::PerformanceTest
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  def test_homepage
+    get '/'
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/plugin_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/plugin_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d65cd7d89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/plugin_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class PluginGenerator < Base
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "Test"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        directory '.', 'test'
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/templates/%file_name%_test.rb.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/templates/%file_name%_test.rb.tt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e0bc29d3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/templates/%file_name%_test.rb.tt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= class_name %>Test < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  # Replace this with your real tests.
+  test "the truth" do
+    assert true
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/templates/test_helper.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/templates/test_helper.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..348ec33582
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/plugin/templates/test_helper.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'active_support'
+require 'active_support/test_case'
+
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0315c7fe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/scaffold/scaffold_generator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+require 'rails/generators/test_unit'
+require 'rails/generators/resource_helpers'
+
+module TestUnit
+  module Generators
+    class ScaffoldGenerator < Base
+      include Rails::Generators::ResourceHelpers
+
+      class_option :singleton, :type => :boolean, :desc => "Supply to create a singleton controller"
+      check_class_collision :suffix => "ControllerTest"
+
+      def create_test_files
+        template 'functional_test.rb',
+                 File.join('test/functional', controller_class_path, "#{controller_file_name}_controller_test.rb")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/scaffold/templates/functional_test.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/scaffold/templates/functional_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e4bf4035da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/test_unit/scaffold/templates/functional_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class <%= controller_class_name %>ControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
+<% unless options[:singleton] -%>
+  test "should get index" do
+    get :index
+    assert_response :success
+    assert_not_nil assigns(:<%= table_name %>)
+  end
+<% end -%>
+
+  test "should get new" do
+    get :new
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "should create <%= file_name %>" do
+    assert_difference('<%= class_name %>.count') do
+      post :create, :<%= file_name %> => { }
+    end
+
+    assert_redirected_to <%= file_name %>_path(assigns(:<%= file_name %>))
+  end
+
+  test "should show <%= file_name %>" do
+    get :show, :id => <%= table_name %>(:one).to_param
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "should get edit" do
+    get :edit, :id => <%= table_name %>(:one).to_param
+    assert_response :success
+  end
+
+  test "should update <%= file_name %>" do
+    put :update, :id => <%= table_name %>(:one).to_param, :<%= file_name %> => { }
+    assert_redirected_to <%= file_name %>_path(assigns(:<%= file_name %>))
+  end
+
+  test "should destroy <%= file_name %>" do
+    assert_difference('<%= class_name %>.count', -1) do
+      delete :destroy, :id => <%= table_name %>(:one).to_param
+    end
+
+    assert_redirected_to <%= table_name %>_path
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/initializer.rb b/railties/lib/rails/initializer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b91e07d5c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/initializer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,578 @@
+require "pathname"
+
+require 'rails/railties_path'
+require 'rails/version'
+require 'rails/gem_dependency'
+require 'rails/rack'
+require 'rails/paths'
+require 'rails/core'
+require 'rails/configuration'
+
+RAILS_ENV = (ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'development').dup unless defined?(RAILS_ENV)
+
+module Rails
+  # Sanity check to make sure this file is only loaded once
+  # TODO: Get to the point where this can be removed.
+  raise "It looks like initializer.rb was required twice" if defined?(Initializer)
+
+  class Initializer
+    class Error < StandardError ; end
+
+    class Base
+      class << self
+        def run(&blk)
+          define_method(:run, &blk)
+        end
+
+        def config=(config)
+          @@config = config
+        end
+
+        def config
+          @@config
+        end
+        alias configuration config
+
+        def gems_dependencies_loaded
+          config.gems_dependencies_loaded
+        end
+
+        def plugin_loader
+          @plugin_loader ||= configuration.plugin_loader.new(self)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def gems_dependencies_loaded
+        self.class.gems_dependencies_loaded
+      end
+
+      def plugin_loader
+        self.class.plugin_loader
+      end
+    end
+
+    class Runner
+
+      attr_reader :names, :initializers
+      attr_accessor :config
+      alias configuration config
+
+      def initialize(parent = nil)
+        @names        = parent ? parent.names.dup        : {}
+        @initializers = parent ? parent.initializers.dup : []
+      end
+
+      def add(name, options = {}, &block)
+        # If :before or :after is specified, set the index to the right spot
+        if other = options[:before] || options[:after]
+          raise Error, "The #{other.inspect} initializer does not exist" unless @names[other]
+          index = @initializers.index(@names[other])
+          index += 1 if options[:after]
+        end
+
+        @initializers.insert(index || -1, block)
+        @names[name] = block
+      end
+
+      def delete(name)
+        @names[name].tap do |initializer|
+          @initializers.delete(initializer)
+          @names.delete(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def run_initializer(initializer)
+        init_block = initializer.is_a?(Proc) ? initializer : @names[initializer]
+        container = Class.new(Base, &init_block).new
+        container.run if container.respond_to?(:run)
+      end
+
+      def run(initializer = nil)
+        Rails.configuration = Base.config = @config
+
+        if initializer
+          run_initializer(initializer)
+        else
+          @initializers.each {|block| run_initializer(block) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.default
+      @default ||= Runner.new
+    end
+
+    def self.run(initializer = nil, config = nil)
+      default.config = config if config
+      default.config ||= Configuration.new
+      yield default.config if block_given?
+      default.run(initializer)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Check for valid Ruby version (1.8.2 or 1.8.4 or higher). This is done in an
+  # external file, so we can use it from the `rails` program as well without duplication.
+  Initializer.default.add :check_ruby_version do
+    require 'rails/ruby_version_check'
+  end
+
+  # If Rails is vendored and RubyGems is available, install stub GemSpecs
+  # for Rails, Active Support, Active Record, Action Pack, Action Mailer, and
+  # Active Resource. This allows Gem plugins to depend on Rails even when
+  # the Gem version of Rails shouldn't be loaded.
+  Initializer.default.add :install_gem_spec_stubs do
+    unless Rails.respond_to?(:vendor_rails?)
+      abort %{Your config/boot.rb is outdated: Run "rake rails:update".}
+    end
+
+    if Rails.vendor_rails?
+      begin; require "rubygems"; rescue LoadError; return; end
+
+      %w(rails activesupport activerecord actionpack actionmailer activeresource).each do |stub|
+        Gem.loaded_specs[stub] ||= Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+          s.name = stub
+          s.version = Rails::VERSION::STRING
+          s.loaded_from = ""
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Set the <tt>$LOAD_PATH</tt> based on the value of
+  # Configuration#load_paths. Duplicates are removed.
+  Initializer.default.add :set_load_path do
+    # TODO: Think about unifying this with the general Rails paths
+    configuration.framework_paths.reverse_each { |dir| $LOAD_PATH.unshift(dir) if File.directory?(dir) }
+    configuration.paths.add_to_load_path
+    $LOAD_PATH.uniq!
+  end
+
+  # Requires all frameworks specified by the Configuration#frameworks
+  # list. By default, all frameworks (Active Record, Active Support,
+  # Action Pack, Action Mailer, and Active Resource) are loaded.
+  Initializer.default.add :require_frameworks do
+    begin
+      require 'active_support'
+      require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting'
+      require 'active_support/core_ext/logger'
+
+      # TODO: This is here to make Sam Ruby's tests pass. Needs discussion.
+      require 'active_support/core_ext/numeric/bytes'
+      configuration.frameworks.each { |framework| require(framework.to_s) }
+    rescue LoadError => e
+      # Re-raise as RuntimeError because Mongrel would swallow LoadError.
+      raise e.to_s
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Set the paths from which Rails will automatically load source files, and
+  # the load_once paths.
+  Initializer.default.add :set_autoload_paths do
+    require 'active_support/dependencies'
+    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_paths = configuration.load_paths.uniq
+    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths = configuration.load_once_paths.uniq
+
+    extra = ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths - ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_paths
+    unless extra.empty?
+      abort <<-end_error
+        load_once_paths must be a subset of the load_paths.
+        Extra items in load_once_paths: #{extra * ','}
+      end_error
+    end
+
+    # Freeze the arrays so future modifications will fail rather than do nothing mysteriously
+    configuration.load_once_paths.freeze
+  end
+
+  # Adds all load paths from plugins to the global set of load paths, so that
+  # code from plugins can be required (explicitly or automatically via ActiveSupport::Dependencies).
+  Initializer.default.add :add_plugin_load_paths do
+    require 'active_support/dependencies'
+    plugin_loader.add_plugin_load_paths
+  end
+
+  # Loads the environment specified by Configuration#environment_path, which
+  # is typically one of development, test, or production.
+  Initializer.default.add :load_environment do
+    silence_warnings do
+      next if @environment_loaded
+      next unless File.file?(configuration.environment_path)
+
+      @environment_loaded = true
+
+      config = configuration
+      constants = self.class.constants
+
+      eval(IO.read(configuration.environment_path), binding, configuration.environment_path)
+
+      (self.class.constants - constants).each do |const|
+        Object.const_set(const, self.class.const_get(const))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :add_gem_load_paths do
+    require 'rails/gem_dependency'
+    Rails::GemDependency.add_frozen_gem_path
+    unless config.gems.empty?
+      require "rubygems"
+      config.gems.each { |gem| gem.add_load_paths }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Preload all frameworks specified by the Configuration#frameworks.
+  # Used by Passenger to ensure everything's loaded before forking and
+  # to avoid autoload race conditions in JRuby.
+  Initializer.default.add :preload_frameworks do
+    if configuration.preload_frameworks
+      configuration.frameworks.each do |framework|
+        # String#classify and #constantize aren't available yet.
+        toplevel = Object.const_get(framework.to_s.gsub(/(?:^|_)(.)/) { $1.upcase })
+        toplevel.load_all! if toplevel.respond_to?(:load_all!)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # For Ruby 1.8, this initialization sets $KCODE to 'u' to enable the
+  # multibyte safe operations. Plugin authors supporting other encodings
+  # should override this behaviour and set the relevant +default_charset+
+  # on ActionController::Base.
+  #
+  # For Ruby 1.9, UTF-8 is the default internal and external encoding.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_encoding do
+    if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+      $KCODE='u'
+    else
+      Encoding.default_external = Encoding::UTF_8
+    end
+  end
+
+  # This initialization routine does nothing unless <tt>:active_record</tt>
+  # is one of the frameworks to load (Configuration#frameworks). If it is,
+  # this sets the database configuration from Configuration#database_configuration
+  # and then establishes the connection.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_database do
+    if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+      ActiveRecord::Base.configurations = configuration.database_configuration
+      ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_cache do
+    unless defined?(RAILS_CACHE)
+      silence_warnings { Object.const_set "RAILS_CACHE", ActiveSupport::Cache.lookup_store(configuration.cache_store) }
+
+      if RAILS_CACHE.respond_to?(:middleware)
+        # Insert middleware to setup and teardown local cache for each request
+        configuration.middleware.insert_after(:"Rack::Lock", RAILS_CACHE.middleware)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_framework_caches do
+    if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+      ActionController::Base.cache_store ||= RAILS_CACHE
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_logger do
+    # if the environment has explicitly defined a logger, use it
+    next if Rails.logger
+
+    unless logger = configuration.logger
+      begin
+        logger = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger.new(configuration.log_path)
+        logger.level = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger.const_get(configuration.log_level.to_s.upcase)
+        if RAILS_ENV == "production"
+          logger.auto_flushing = false
+        end
+      rescue StandardError => e
+        logger = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger.new(STDERR)
+        logger.level = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger::WARN
+        logger.warn(
+          "Rails Error: Unable to access log file. Please ensure that #{configuration.log_path} exists and is chmod 0666. " +
+          "The log level has been raised to WARN and the output directed to STDERR until the problem is fixed."
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    # TODO: Why are we silencing warning here?
+    silence_warnings { Object.const_set "RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER", logger }
+  end
+
+  # Sets the logger for Active Record, Action Controller, and Action Mailer
+  # (but only for those frameworks that are to be loaded). If the framework's
+  # logger is already set, it is not changed, otherwise it is set to use
+  # RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_framework_logging do
+    for framework in ([ :active_record, :action_controller, :action_mailer ] & configuration.frameworks)
+      framework.to_s.camelize.constantize.const_get("Base").logger ||= Rails.logger
+    end
+
+    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.logger ||= Rails.logger
+    Rails.cache.logger ||= Rails.logger
+  end
+
+  # Sets the dependency loading mechanism based on the value of
+  # Configuration#cache_classes.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_dependency_mechanism do
+    # TODO: Remove files from the $" and always use require
+    ActiveSupport::Dependencies.mechanism = configuration.cache_classes ? :require : :load
+  end
+
+  # Loads support for "whiny nil" (noisy warnings when methods are invoked
+  # on +nil+ values) if Configuration#whiny_nils is true.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_whiny_nils do
+    require('active_support/whiny_nil') if configuration.whiny_nils
+  end
+
+
+  # Sets the default value for Time.zone, and turns on ActiveRecord::Base#time_zone_aware_attributes.
+  # If assigned value cannot be matched to a TimeZone, an exception will be raised.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_time_zone do
+    if configuration.time_zone
+      zone_default = Time.__send__(:get_zone, configuration.time_zone)
+
+      unless zone_default
+        raise \
+          'Value assigned to config.time_zone not recognized.' +
+          'Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding appropriate time zone names.'
+      end
+
+      Time.zone_default = zone_default
+
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.time_zone_aware_attributes = true
+        ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone = :utc
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Set the i18n configuration from config.i18n but special-case for the load_path which should be
+  # appended to what's already set instead of overwritten.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_i18n do
+    configuration.i18n.each do |setting, value|
+      if setting == :load_path
+        I18n.load_path += value
+      else
+        I18n.send("#{setting}=", value)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Initializes framework-specific settings for each of the loaded frameworks
+  # (Configuration#frameworks). The available settings map to the accessors
+  # on each of the corresponding Base classes.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_framework_settings do
+    configuration.frameworks.each do |framework|
+      base_class = framework.to_s.camelize.constantize.const_get("Base")
+
+      configuration.send(framework).each do |setting, value|
+        base_class.send("#{setting}=", value)
+      end
+    end
+    configuration.active_support.each do |setting, value|
+      ActiveSupport.send("#{setting}=", value)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Sets +ActionController::Base#view_paths+ and +ActionMailer::Base#template_root+
+  # (but only for those frameworks that are to be loaded). If the framework's
+  # paths have already been set, it is not changed, otherwise it is
+  # set to use Configuration#view_path.
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_framework_views do
+    if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_view)
+      view_path = ActionView::PathSet.type_cast(configuration.view_path)
+      ActionMailer::Base.template_root  = view_path if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_mailer) && ActionMailer::Base.view_paths.blank?
+      ActionController::Base.view_paths = view_path if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller) && ActionController::Base.view_paths.blank?
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_metal do
+    # TODO: Make Rails and metal work without ActionController
+    if defined?(ActionController)
+      Rails::Rack::Metal.requested_metals = configuration.metals
+      Rails::Rack::Metal.metal_paths += plugin_loader.engine_metal_paths
+
+      configuration.middleware.insert_before(
+        :"ActionDispatch::ParamsParser",
+        Rails::Rack::Metal, :if => Rails::Rack::Metal.metals.any?)
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :check_for_unbuilt_gems do
+    unbuilt_gems = config.gems.select {|gem| gem.frozen? && !gem.built? }
+    if unbuilt_gems.size > 0
+      # don't print if the gems:build rake tasks are being run
+      unless $gems_build_rake_task
+        abort <<-end_error
+The following gems have native components that need to be built
+#{unbuilt_gems.map { |gemm| "#{gemm.name}  #{gemm.requirement}" } * "\n  "}
+
+You're running:
+ruby #{Gem.ruby_version} at #{Gem.ruby}
+rubygems #{Gem::RubyGemsVersion} at #{Gem.path * ', '}
+
+Run `rake gems:build` to build the unbuilt gems.
+        end_error
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  Initializer.default.add :load_gems do
+    unless $gems_rake_task
+      config.gems.each { |gem| gem.load }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Loads all plugins in <tt>config.plugin_paths</tt>.  <tt>plugin_paths</tt>
+  # defaults to <tt>vendor/plugins</tt> but may also be set to a list of
+  # paths, such as
+  #   config.plugin_paths = ["#{RAILS_ROOT}/lib/plugins", "#{RAILS_ROOT}/vendor/plugins"]
+  #
+  # In the default implementation, as each plugin discovered in <tt>plugin_paths</tt> is initialized:
+  # * its +lib+ directory, if present, is added to the load path (immediately after the applications lib directory)
+  # * <tt>init.rb</tt> is evaluated, if present
+  #
+  # After all plugins are loaded, duplicates are removed from the load path.
+  # If an array of plugin names is specified in config.plugins, only those plugins will be loaded
+  # and they plugins will be loaded in that order. Otherwise, plugins are loaded in alphabetical
+  # order.
+  #
+  # if config.plugins ends contains :all then the named plugins will be loaded in the given order and all other
+  # plugins will be loaded in alphabetical order
+  Initializer.default.add :load_plugins do
+    plugin_loader.load_plugins
+  end
+
+  #
+  # # pick up any gems that plugins depend on
+  Initializer.default.add :add_gem_load_paths do
+    require 'rails/gem_dependency'
+    # TODO: This seems extraneous
+    Rails::GemDependency.add_frozen_gem_path
+    unless config.gems.empty?
+      require "rubygems"
+      config.gems.each { |gem| gem.add_load_paths }
+    end
+  end
+
+  # TODO: Figure out if this needs to run a second time
+  # load_gems
+
+  Initializer.default.add :check_gem_dependencies do
+    unloaded_gems = config.gems.reject { |g| g.loaded? }
+    if unloaded_gems.size > 0
+      configuration.gems_dependencies_loaded = false
+      # don't print if the gems rake tasks are being run
+      unless $gems_rake_task
+        abort <<-end_error
+Missing these required gems:
+#{unloaded_gems.map { |gemm| "#{gemm.name}  #{gemm.requirement}" } * "\n  "}
+
+You're running:
+ruby #{Gem.ruby_version} at #{Gem.ruby}
+rubygems #{Gem::RubyGemsVersion} at #{Gem.path * ', '}
+
+Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
+        end_error
+      end
+    else
+      configuration.gems_dependencies_loaded = true
+    end
+  end
+
+  # # bail out if gems are missing - note that check_gem_dependencies will have
+  # # already called abort() unless $gems_rake_task is set
+  # return unless gems_dependencies_loaded
+
+  Initializer.default.add :load_application_initializers do
+    if gems_dependencies_loaded
+      Dir["#{configuration.root_path}/config/initializers/**/*.rb"].sort.each do |initializer|
+        load(initializer)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Fires the user-supplied after_initialize block (Configuration#after_initialize)
+  Initializer.default.add :after_initialize do
+    if gems_dependencies_loaded
+      configuration.after_initialize_blocks.each do |block|
+        block.call
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # # Setup database middleware after initializers have run
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_database_middleware do
+    if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller) &&
+          ActionController::Base.session_store.name == 'ActiveRecord::SessionStore'
+        configuration.middleware.insert_before :"ActiveRecord::SessionStore", ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement
+        configuration.middleware.insert_before :"ActiveRecord::SessionStore", ActiveRecord::QueryCache
+      else
+        configuration.middleware.use ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement
+        configuration.middleware.use ActiveRecord::QueryCache
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # TODO: Make a DSL way to limit an initializer to a particular framework
+
+  # # Prepare dispatcher callbacks and run 'prepare' callbacks
+  Initializer.default.add :prepare_dispatcher do
+    next unless configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+    require 'rails/dispatcher' unless defined?(::Dispatcher)
+    Dispatcher.define_dispatcher_callbacks(configuration.cache_classes)
+  end
+
+  # Routing must be initialized after plugins to allow the former to extend the routes
+  # ---
+  # If Action Controller is not one of the loaded frameworks (Configuration#frameworks)
+  # this does nothing. Otherwise, it loads the routing definitions and sets up
+  # loading module used to lazily load controllers (Configuration#controller_paths).
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_routing do
+    next unless configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+
+    ActionController::Routing.controller_paths += configuration.controller_paths
+    ActionController::Routing::Routes.add_configuration_file(configuration.routes_configuration_file)
+    ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload!
+  end
+  #
+  # # Observers are loaded after plugins in case Observers or observed models are modified by plugins.
+  Initializer.default.add :load_observers do
+    if gems_dependencies_loaded && configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+      ActiveRecord::Base.instantiate_observers
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Eager load application classes
+  Initializer.default.add :load_application_classes do
+    next if $rails_rake_task
+
+    if configuration.cache_classes
+      configuration.eager_load_paths.each do |load_path|
+        matcher = /\A#{Regexp.escape(load_path)}(.*)\.rb\Z/
+        Dir.glob("#{load_path}/**/*.rb").sort.each do |file|
+          require_dependency file.sub(matcher, '\1')
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Disable dependency loading during request cycle
+  Initializer.default.add :disable_dependency_loading do
+    if configuration.cache_classes && !configuration.dependency_loading
+      ActiveSupport::Dependencies.unhook!
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Configure generators if they were already loaded
+  Initializer.default.add :initialize_generators do
+    if defined?(Rails::Generators)
+      Rails::Generators.no_color! unless config.generators.colorize_logging
+      Rails::Generators.aliases.deep_merge! config.generators.aliases
+      Rails::Generators.options.deep_merge! config.generators.options
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/initializer_old.rb b/railties/lib/rails/initializer_old.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cee5c7bcb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/initializer_old.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,1137 @@
+require 'logger'
+require 'set'
+require 'pathname'
+
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift File.dirname(__FILE__)
+require 'railties_path'
+require 'rails/version'
+require 'rails/gem_dependency'
+require 'rails/rack'
+
+RAILS_ENV = (ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'development').dup unless defined?(RAILS_ENV)
+
+module Rails
+  class << self
+    # The Configuration instance used to configure the Rails environment
+    def configuration
+      @@configuration
+    end
+
+    def configuration=(configuration)
+      @@configuration = configuration
+    end
+
+    def initialized?
+      @initialized || false
+    end
+
+    def initialized=(initialized)
+      @initialized ||= initialized
+    end
+
+    def logger
+      if defined?(RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER)
+        RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER
+      else
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    def backtrace_cleaner
+      @@backtrace_cleaner ||= begin
+        # Relies on ActiveSupport, so we have to lazy load to postpone definition until AS has been loaded
+        require 'rails/backtrace_cleaner'
+        Rails::BacktraceCleaner.new
+      end
+    end
+
+    def root
+      Pathname.new(RAILS_ROOT) if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+    end
+
+    def env
+      @_env ||= ActiveSupport::StringInquirer.new(RAILS_ENV)
+    end
+
+    def cache
+      RAILS_CACHE
+    end
+
+    def version
+      VERSION::STRING
+    end
+
+    def public_path
+      @@public_path ||= self.root ? File.join(self.root, "public") : "public"
+    end
+
+    def public_path=(path)
+      @@public_path = path
+    end
+  end
+
+  # The Initializer is responsible for processing the Rails configuration, such
+  # as setting the $LOAD_PATH, requiring the right frameworks, initializing
+  # logging, and more. It can be run either as a single command that'll just
+  # use the default configuration, like this:
+  #
+  #   Rails::Initializer.run
+  #
+  # But normally it's more interesting to pass in a custom configuration
+  # through the block running:
+  #
+  #   Rails::Initializer.run do |config|
+  #     config.frameworks -= [ :action_mailer ]
+  #   end
+  #
+  # This will use the default configuration options from Rails::Configuration,
+  # but allow for overwriting on select areas.
+  class Initializer
+    # The Configuration instance used by this Initializer instance.
+    attr_reader :configuration
+
+    # The set of loaded plugins.
+    attr_reader :loaded_plugins
+
+    # Whether or not all the gem dependencies have been met
+    attr_reader :gems_dependencies_loaded
+
+    # Runs the initializer. By default, this will invoke the #process method,
+    # which simply executes all of the initialization routines. Alternately,
+    # you can specify explicitly which initialization routine you want:
+    #
+    #   Rails::Initializer.run(:set_load_path)
+    #
+    # This is useful if you only want the load path initialized, without
+    # incurring the overhead of completely loading the entire environment.
+    def self.run(command = :process, configuration = Configuration.new)
+      yield configuration if block_given?
+      initializer = new configuration
+      initializer.send(command)
+      initializer
+    end
+
+    # Create a new Initializer instance that references the given Configuration
+    # instance.
+    def initialize(configuration)
+      @configuration = configuration
+      @loaded_plugins = []
+    end
+
+    # Sequentially step through all of the available initialization routines,
+    # in order (view execution order in source).
+    def process
+      Rails.configuration = configuration
+
+      check_ruby_version
+      install_gem_spec_stubs
+      set_load_path
+      add_gem_load_paths
+
+      require_frameworks
+      set_autoload_paths
+      add_plugin_load_paths
+      load_environment
+      preload_frameworks
+
+      initialize_encoding
+      initialize_database
+
+      initialize_cache
+      initialize_framework_caches
+
+      initialize_logger
+      initialize_framework_logging
+
+      initialize_dependency_mechanism
+      initialize_whiny_nils
+
+      initialize_time_zone
+      initialize_i18n
+
+      initialize_framework_settings
+      initialize_framework_views
+
+      initialize_metal
+
+      add_support_load_paths
+
+      check_for_unbuilt_gems
+
+      load_gems
+      load_plugins
+
+      # pick up any gems that plugins depend on
+      add_gem_load_paths
+      load_gems
+      check_gem_dependencies
+
+      # bail out if gems are missing - note that check_gem_dependencies will have
+      # already called abort() unless $gems_rake_task is set
+      return unless gems_dependencies_loaded
+
+      load_application_initializers
+
+      # the framework is now fully initialized
+      after_initialize
+
+      # Setup database middleware after initializers have run
+      initialize_database_middleware
+
+      # Prepare dispatcher callbacks and run 'prepare' callbacks
+      prepare_dispatcher
+
+      # Routing must be initialized after plugins to allow the former to extend the routes
+      initialize_routing
+
+      # Observers are loaded after plugins in case Observers or observed models are modified by plugins.
+      load_observers
+
+      # Load view path cache
+      load_view_paths
+
+      # Load application classes
+      load_application_classes
+
+      # Disable dependency loading during request cycle
+      disable_dependency_loading
+
+      # Flag initialized
+      Rails.initialized = true
+    end
+
+    # Check for valid Ruby version
+    # This is done in an external file, so we can use it
+    # from the `rails` program as well without duplication.
+    def check_ruby_version
+      require 'ruby_version_check'
+    end
+
+    # If Rails is vendored and RubyGems is available, install stub GemSpecs
+    # for Rails, Active Support, Active Record, Action Pack, Action Mailer, and
+    # Active Resource. This allows Gem plugins to depend on Rails even when
+    # the Gem version of Rails shouldn't be loaded.
+    def install_gem_spec_stubs
+      unless Rails.respond_to?(:vendor_rails?)
+        abort %{Your config/boot.rb is outdated: Run "rake rails:update".}
+      end
+
+      if Rails.vendor_rails?
+        begin; require "rubygems"; rescue LoadError; return; end
+
+        stubs = %w(rails activesupport activerecord actionpack actionmailer activeresource)
+        stubs.reject! { |s| Gem.loaded_specs.key?(s) }
+
+        stubs.each do |stub|
+          Gem.loaded_specs[stub] = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+            s.name = stub
+            s.version = Rails::VERSION::STRING
+            s.loaded_from = ""
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Set the <tt>$LOAD_PATH</tt> based on the value of
+    # Configuration#load_paths. Duplicates are removed.
+    def set_load_path
+      load_paths = configuration.load_paths + configuration.framework_paths
+      load_paths.reverse_each { |dir| $LOAD_PATH.unshift(dir) if File.directory?(dir) }
+      $LOAD_PATH.uniq!
+    end
+
+    # Set the paths from which Rails will automatically load source files, and
+    # the load_once paths.
+    def set_autoload_paths
+      require 'active_support/dependencies'
+      ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_paths = configuration.load_paths.uniq
+      ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths = configuration.load_once_paths.uniq
+
+      extra = ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths - ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_paths
+      unless extra.empty?
+        abort <<-end_error
+          load_once_paths must be a subset of the load_paths.
+          Extra items in load_once_paths: #{extra * ','}
+        end_error
+      end
+
+      # Freeze the arrays so future modifications will fail rather than do nothing mysteriously
+      configuration.load_once_paths.freeze
+    end
+
+    # Requires all frameworks specified by the Configuration#frameworks
+    # list. By default, all frameworks (Active Record, Active Support,
+    # Action Pack, Action Mailer, and Active Resource) are loaded.
+    def require_frameworks
+      require 'active_support/all'
+      configuration.frameworks.each { |framework| require(framework.to_s) }
+    rescue LoadError => e
+      # Re-raise as RuntimeError because Mongrel would swallow LoadError.
+      raise e.to_s
+    end
+
+    # Preload all frameworks specified by the Configuration#frameworks.
+    # Used by Passenger to ensure everything's loaded before forking and
+    # to avoid autoload race conditions in JRuby.
+    def preload_frameworks
+      if configuration.preload_frameworks
+        configuration.frameworks.each do |framework|
+          # String#classify and #constantize aren't available yet.
+          toplevel = Object.const_get(framework.to_s.gsub(/(?:^|_)(.)/) { $1.upcase })
+          toplevel.load_all! if toplevel.respond_to?(:load_all!)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Add the load paths used by support functions such as the info controller
+    def add_support_load_paths
+    end
+
+    # Adds all load paths from plugins to the global set of load paths, so that
+    # code from plugins can be required (explicitly or automatically via ActiveSupport::Dependencies).
+    def add_plugin_load_paths
+      require 'active_support/dependencies'
+      plugin_loader.add_plugin_load_paths
+    end
+
+    def add_gem_load_paths
+      require 'rails/gem_dependency'
+      Rails::GemDependency.add_frozen_gem_path
+      unless @configuration.gems.empty?
+        require "rubygems"
+        @configuration.gems.each { |gem| gem.add_load_paths }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def load_gems
+      unless $gems_rake_task
+        @configuration.gems.each { |gem| gem.load }
+      end
+    end
+
+    def check_for_unbuilt_gems
+      unbuilt_gems = @configuration.gems.select {|gem| gem.frozen? && !gem.built? }
+      if unbuilt_gems.size > 0
+        # don't print if the gems:build rake tasks are being run
+        unless $gems_build_rake_task
+          abort <<-end_error
+The following gems have native components that need to be built
+  #{unbuilt_gems.map { |gemm| "#{gemm.name}  #{gemm.requirement}" } * "\n  "}
+
+You're running:
+  ruby #{Gem.ruby_version} at #{Gem.ruby}
+  rubygems #{Gem::RubyGemsVersion} at #{Gem.path * ', '}
+
+Run `rake gems:build` to build the unbuilt gems.
+          end_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def check_gem_dependencies
+      unloaded_gems = @configuration.gems.reject { |g| g.loaded? }
+      if unloaded_gems.size > 0
+        @gems_dependencies_loaded = false
+        # don't print if the gems rake tasks are being run
+        unless $gems_rake_task
+          abort <<-end_error
+Missing these required gems:
+  #{unloaded_gems.map { |gemm| "#{gemm.name}  #{gemm.requirement}" } * "\n  "}
+
+You're running:
+  ruby #{Gem.ruby_version} at #{Gem.ruby}
+  rubygems #{Gem::RubyGemsVersion} at #{Gem.path * ', '}
+
+Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
+          end_error
+        end
+      else
+        @gems_dependencies_loaded = true
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Loads all plugins in <tt>config.plugin_paths</tt>.  <tt>plugin_paths</tt>
+    # defaults to <tt>vendor/plugins</tt> but may also be set to a list of
+    # paths, such as
+    #   config.plugin_paths = ["#{RAILS_ROOT}/lib/plugins", "#{RAILS_ROOT}/vendor/plugins"]
+    #
+    # In the default implementation, as each plugin discovered in <tt>plugin_paths</tt> is initialized:
+    # * its +lib+ directory, if present, is added to the load path (immediately after the applications lib directory)
+    # * <tt>init.rb</tt> is evaluated, if present
+    #
+    # After all plugins are loaded, duplicates are removed from the load path.
+    # If an array of plugin names is specified in config.plugins, only those plugins will be loaded
+    # and they plugins will be loaded in that order. Otherwise, plugins are loaded in alphabetical
+    # order.
+    #
+    # if config.plugins ends contains :all then the named plugins will be loaded in the given order and all other
+    # plugins will be loaded in alphabetical order
+    def load_plugins
+      plugin_loader.load_plugins
+    end
+
+    def plugin_loader
+      @plugin_loader ||= configuration.plugin_loader.new(self)
+    end
+
+    # Loads the environment specified by Configuration#environment_path, which
+    # is typically one of development, test, or production.
+    def load_environment
+      silence_warnings do
+        return if @environment_loaded
+        @environment_loaded = true
+
+        config = configuration
+        constants = self.class.constants
+
+        eval(IO.read(configuration.environment_path), binding, configuration.environment_path)
+
+        (self.class.constants - constants).each do |const|
+          Object.const_set(const, self.class.const_get(const))
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def load_observers
+      if gems_dependencies_loaded && configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.instantiate_observers
+      end
+    end
+
+    def load_view_paths
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_view)
+        if configuration.cache_classes
+          view_path = ActionView::FileSystemResolverWithFallback.new(configuration.view_path)
+          ActionController::Base.view_paths = view_path if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+          ActionMailer::Base.template_root = view_path if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_mailer)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Eager load application classes
+    def load_application_classes
+      return if $rails_rake_task
+      if configuration.cache_classes
+        configuration.eager_load_paths.each do |load_path|
+          matcher = /\A#{Regexp.escape(load_path)}(.*)\.rb\Z/
+          Dir.glob("#{load_path}/**/*.rb").sort.each do |file|
+            require_dependency file.sub(matcher, '\1')
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # For Ruby 1.8, this initialization sets $KCODE to 'u' to enable the
+    # multibyte safe operations. Plugin authors supporting other encodings
+    # should override this behaviour and set the relevant +default_charset+
+    # on ActionController::Base.
+    #
+    # For Ruby 1.9, UTF-8 is the default internal and external encoding.
+    def initialize_encoding
+      if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+        $KCODE='u'
+      else
+        Encoding.default_internal = Encoding::UTF_8
+        Encoding.default_external = Encoding::UTF_8
+      end
+    end
+
+    # This initialization routine does nothing unless <tt>:active_record</tt>
+    # is one of the frameworks to load (Configuration#frameworks). If it is,
+    # this sets the database configuration from Configuration#database_configuration
+    # and then establishes the connection.
+    def initialize_database
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.configurations = configuration.database_configuration
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize_database_middleware
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+        if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller) &&
+            ActionController::Base.session_store.name == 'ActiveRecord::SessionStore'
+          configuration.middleware.insert_before :"ActiveRecord::SessionStore", ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement
+          configuration.middleware.insert_before :"ActiveRecord::SessionStore", ActiveRecord::QueryCache
+        else
+          configuration.middleware.use ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement
+          configuration.middleware.use ActiveRecord::QueryCache
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize_cache
+      unless defined?(RAILS_CACHE)
+        silence_warnings { Object.const_set "RAILS_CACHE", ActiveSupport::Cache.lookup_store(configuration.cache_store) }
+
+        if RAILS_CACHE.respond_to?(:middleware)
+          # Insert middleware to setup and teardown local cache for each request
+          configuration.middleware.insert_after(:"Rack::Lock", RAILS_CACHE.middleware)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize_framework_caches
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+        ActionController::Base.cache_store ||= RAILS_CACHE
+      end
+    end
+
+    # If the RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER constant is already set, this initialization
+    # routine does nothing. If the constant is not set, and Configuration#logger
+    # is not +nil+, this also does nothing. Otherwise, a new logger instance
+    # is created at Configuration#log_path, with a default log level of
+    # Configuration#log_level.
+    #
+    # If the log could not be created, the log will be set to output to
+    # +STDERR+, with a log level of +WARN+.
+    def initialize_logger
+      # if the environment has explicitly defined a logger, use it
+      return if Rails.logger
+
+      unless logger = configuration.logger
+        begin
+          logger = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger.new(configuration.log_path)
+          logger.level = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger.const_get(configuration.log_level.to_s.upcase)
+          if configuration.environment == "production"
+            logger.auto_flushing = false
+          end
+        rescue StandardError => e
+          logger = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger.new(STDERR)
+          logger.level = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger::WARN
+          logger.warn(
+            "Rails Error: Unable to access log file. Please ensure that #{configuration.log_path} exists and is chmod 0666. " +
+            "The log level has been raised to WARN and the output directed to STDERR until the problem is fixed."
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+      silence_warnings { Object.const_set "RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER", logger }
+    end
+
+    # Sets the logger for Active Record, Action Controller, and Action Mailer
+    # (but only for those frameworks that are to be loaded). If the framework's
+    # logger is already set, it is not changed, otherwise it is set to use
+    # RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER.
+    def initialize_framework_logging
+      for framework in ([ :active_record, :action_controller, :action_mailer ] & configuration.frameworks)
+        framework.to_s.camelize.constantize.const_get("Base").logger ||= Rails.logger
+      end
+
+      ActiveSupport::Dependencies.logger ||= Rails.logger
+      Rails.cache.logger ||= Rails.logger
+    end
+
+    # Sets +ActionController::Base#view_paths+ and +ActionMailer::Base#template_root+
+    # (but only for those frameworks that are to be loaded). If the framework's
+    # paths have already been set, it is not changed, otherwise it is
+    # set to use Configuration#view_path.
+    def initialize_framework_views
+      if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_view)
+        view_path = ActionView::PathSet.type_cast(configuration.view_path)
+        ActionMailer::Base.template_root  = view_path if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_mailer) && ActionMailer::Base.view_paths.blank?
+        ActionController::Base.view_paths = view_path if configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller) && ActionController::Base.view_paths.blank?
+      end
+    end
+
+    # If Action Controller is not one of the loaded frameworks (Configuration#frameworks)
+    # this does nothing. Otherwise, it loads the routing definitions and sets up
+    # loading module used to lazily load controllers (Configuration#controller_paths).
+    def initialize_routing
+      return unless configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+
+      ActionController::Routing.controller_paths += configuration.controller_paths
+      ActionController::Routing::Routes.add_configuration_file(configuration.routes_configuration_file)
+      ActionController::Routing::Routes.reload!
+    end
+
+    # Sets the dependency loading mechanism based on the value of
+    # Configuration#cache_classes.
+    def initialize_dependency_mechanism
+      ActiveSupport::Dependencies.mechanism = configuration.cache_classes ? :require : :load
+    end
+
+    # Loads support for "whiny nil" (noisy warnings when methods are invoked
+    # on +nil+ values) if Configuration#whiny_nils is true.
+    def initialize_whiny_nils
+      require('active_support/whiny_nil') if configuration.whiny_nils
+    end
+
+    # Sets the default value for Time.zone, and turns on ActiveRecord::Base#time_zone_aware_attributes.
+    # If assigned value cannot be matched to a TimeZone, an exception will be raised.
+    def initialize_time_zone
+      if configuration.time_zone
+        zone_default = Time.__send__(:get_zone, configuration.time_zone)
+
+        unless zone_default
+          raise \
+            'Value assigned to config.time_zone not recognized.' +
+            'Run "rake -D time" for a list of tasks for finding appropriate time zone names.'
+        end
+
+        Time.zone_default = zone_default
+
+        if configuration.frameworks.include?(:active_record)
+          ActiveRecord::Base.time_zone_aware_attributes = true
+          ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone = :utc
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Set the i18n configuration from config.i18n but special-case for the load_path which should be
+    # appended to what's already set instead of overwritten.
+    def initialize_i18n
+      configuration.i18n.each do |setting, value|
+        if setting == :load_path
+          I18n.load_path += value
+        else
+          I18n.send("#{setting}=", value)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize_metal
+      Rails::Rack::Metal.requested_metals = configuration.metals
+      Rails::Rack::Metal.metal_paths += plugin_loader.engine_metal_paths
+
+      configuration.middleware.insert_before(
+        :"ActionDispatch::ParamsParser",
+        Rails::Rack::Metal, :if => Rails::Rack::Metal.metals.any?)
+    end
+
+    # Initializes framework-specific settings for each of the loaded frameworks
+    # (Configuration#frameworks). The available settings map to the accessors
+    # on each of the corresponding Base classes.
+    def initialize_framework_settings
+      configuration.frameworks.each do |framework|
+        base_class = framework.to_s.camelize.constantize.const_get("Base")
+
+        configuration.send(framework).each do |setting, value|
+          base_class.send("#{setting}=", value)
+        end
+      end
+      configuration.active_support.each do |setting, value|
+        ActiveSupport.send("#{setting}=", value)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Fires the user-supplied after_initialize block (Configuration#after_initialize)
+    def after_initialize
+      if gems_dependencies_loaded
+        configuration.after_initialize_blocks.each do |block|
+          block.call
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def load_application_initializers
+      if gems_dependencies_loaded
+        Dir["#{configuration.root_path}/config/initializers/**/*.rb"].sort.each do |initializer|
+          load(initializer)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def prepare_dispatcher
+      return unless configuration.frameworks.include?(:action_controller)
+      require 'dispatcher' unless defined?(::Dispatcher)
+      Dispatcher.define_dispatcher_callbacks(configuration.cache_classes)
+    end
+
+    def disable_dependency_loading
+      if configuration.cache_classes && !configuration.dependency_loading
+        ActiveSupport::Dependencies.unhook!
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # The Configuration class holds all the parameters for the Initializer and
+  # ships with defaults that suites most Rails applications. But it's possible
+  # to overwrite everything. Usually, you'll create an Configuration file
+  # implicitly through the block running on the Initializer, but it's also
+  # possible to create the Configuration instance in advance and pass it in
+  # like this:
+  #
+  #   config = Rails::Configuration.new
+  #   Rails::Initializer.run(:process, config)
+  class Configuration
+    # The application's base directory.
+    attr_reader :root_path
+
+    # A stub for setting options on ActionController::Base.
+    attr_accessor :action_controller
+
+    # A stub for setting options on ActionMailer::Base.
+    attr_accessor :action_mailer
+
+    # A stub for setting options on ActionView::Base.
+    attr_accessor :action_view
+
+    # A stub for setting options on ActiveRecord::Base.
+    attr_accessor :active_record
+
+    # A stub for setting options on ActiveResource::Base.
+    attr_accessor :active_resource
+
+    # A stub for setting options on ActiveSupport.
+    attr_accessor :active_support
+
+    # Whether to preload all frameworks at startup.
+    attr_accessor :preload_frameworks
+
+    # Whether or not classes should be cached (set to false if you want
+    # application classes to be reloaded on each request)
+    attr_accessor :cache_classes
+
+    # The list of paths that should be searched for controllers. (Defaults
+    # to <tt>app/controllers</tt>.)
+    attr_accessor :controller_paths
+
+    # The path to the database configuration file to use. (Defaults to
+    # <tt>config/database.yml</tt>.)
+    attr_accessor :database_configuration_file
+
+    # The path to the routes configuration file to use. (Defaults to
+    # <tt>config/routes.rb</tt>.)
+    attr_accessor :routes_configuration_file
+
+    # The list of rails framework components that should be loaded. (Defaults
+    # to <tt>:active_record</tt>, <tt>:action_controller</tt>,
+    # <tt>:action_view</tt>, <tt>:action_mailer</tt>, and
+    # <tt>:active_resource</tt>).
+    attr_accessor :frameworks
+
+    # An array of additional paths to prepend to the load path. By default,
+    # all +app+, +lib+, +vendor+ and mock paths are included in this list.
+    attr_accessor :load_paths
+
+    # An array of paths from which Rails will automatically load from only once.
+    # All elements of this array must also be in +load_paths+.
+    attr_accessor :load_once_paths
+
+    # An array of paths from which Rails will eager load on boot if cache
+    # classes is enabled. All elements of this array must also be in
+    # +load_paths+.
+    attr_accessor :eager_load_paths
+
+    # The log level to use for the default Rails logger. In production mode,
+    # this defaults to <tt>:info</tt>. In development mode, it defaults to
+    # <tt>:debug</tt>.
+    attr_accessor :log_level
+
+    # The path to the log file to use. Defaults to log/#{environment}.log
+    # (e.g. log/development.log or log/production.log).
+    attr_accessor :log_path
+
+    # The specific logger to use. By default, a logger will be created and
+    # initialized using #log_path and #log_level, but a programmer may
+    # specifically set the logger to use via this accessor and it will be
+    # used directly.
+    attr_accessor :logger
+
+    # The specific cache store to use. By default, the ActiveSupport::Cache::Store will be used.
+    attr_accessor :cache_store
+
+    # The root of the application's views. (Defaults to <tt>app/views</tt>.)
+    attr_accessor :view_path
+
+    # Set to +true+ if you want to be warned (noisily) when you try to invoke
+    # any method of +nil+. Set to +false+ for the standard Ruby behavior.
+    attr_accessor :whiny_nils
+
+    # The list of plugins to load. If this is set to <tt>nil</tt>, all plugins will
+    # be loaded. If this is set to <tt>[]</tt>, no plugins will be loaded. Otherwise,
+    # plugins will be loaded in the order specified.
+    attr_reader :plugins
+    def plugins=(plugins)
+      @plugins = plugins.nil? ? nil : plugins.map { |p| p.to_sym }
+    end
+
+    # The list of metals to load. If this is set to <tt>nil</tt>, all metals will
+    # be loaded in alphabetical order. If this is set to <tt>[]</tt>, no metals will
+    # be loaded. Otherwise metals will be loaded in the order specified
+    attr_accessor :metals
+
+    # The path to the root of the plugins directory. By default, it is in
+    # <tt>vendor/plugins</tt>.
+    attr_accessor :plugin_paths
+
+    # The classes that handle finding the desired plugins that you'd like to load for
+    # your application. By default it is the Rails::Plugin::FileSystemLocator which finds
+    # plugins to load in <tt>vendor/plugins</tt>. You can hook into gem location by subclassing
+    # Rails::Plugin::Locator and adding it onto the list of <tt>plugin_locators</tt>.
+    attr_accessor :plugin_locators
+
+    # The class that handles loading each plugin. Defaults to Rails::Plugin::Loader, but
+    # a sub class would have access to fine grained modification of the loading behavior. See
+    # the implementation of Rails::Plugin::Loader for more details.
+    attr_accessor :plugin_loader
+
+    # Enables or disables plugin reloading.  You can get around this setting per plugin.
+    # If <tt>reload_plugins?</tt> is false, add this to your plugin's <tt>init.rb</tt>
+    # to make it reloadable:
+    #
+    #   ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths.delete lib_path
+    #
+    # If <tt>reload_plugins?</tt> is true, add this to your plugin's <tt>init.rb</tt>
+    # to only load it once:
+    #
+    #   ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_once_paths << lib_path
+    #
+    attr_accessor :reload_plugins
+
+    # Returns true if plugin reloading is enabled.
+    def reload_plugins?
+      !!@reload_plugins
+    end
+
+    # Enables or disables dependency loading during the request cycle. Setting
+    # <tt>dependency_loading</tt> to true will allow new classes to be loaded
+    # during a request. Setting it to false will disable this behavior.
+    #
+    # Those who want to run in a threaded environment should disable this
+    # option and eager load or require all there classes on initialization.
+    #
+    # If <tt>cache_classes</tt> is disabled, dependency loaded will always be
+    # on.
+    attr_accessor :dependency_loading
+
+    # An array of gems that this rails application depends on.  Rails will automatically load
+    # these gems during installation, and allow you to install any missing gems with:
+    #
+    #   rake gems:install
+    #
+    # You can add gems with the #gem method.
+    attr_accessor :gems
+
+    # Adds a single Gem dependency to the rails application. By default, it will require
+    # the library with the same name as the gem. Use :lib to specify a different name.
+    #
+    #   # gem 'aws-s3', '>= 0.4.0'
+    #   # require 'aws/s3'
+    #   config.gem 'aws-s3', :lib => 'aws/s3', :version => '>= 0.4.0', \
+    #     :source => "http://code.whytheluckystiff.net"
+    #
+    # To require a library be installed, but not attempt to load it, pass :lib => false
+    #
+    #   config.gem 'qrp', :version => '0.4.1', :lib => false
+    def gem(name, options = {})
+      @gems << Rails::GemDependency.new(name, options)
+    end
+
+    # Deprecated options:
+    def breakpoint_server(_ = nil)
+      $stderr.puts %(
+      *******************************************************************
+      * config.breakpoint_server has been deprecated and has no effect. *
+      *******************************************************************
+      )
+    end
+    alias_method :breakpoint_server=, :breakpoint_server
+
+    # Sets the default +time_zone+.  Setting this will enable +time_zone+
+    # awareness for Active Record models and set the Active Record default
+    # timezone to <tt>:utc</tt>.
+    attr_accessor :time_zone
+
+    # Accessor for i18n settings.
+    attr_accessor :i18n
+
+    # Create a new Configuration instance, initialized with the default
+    # values.
+    def initialize
+      set_root_path!
+
+      self.frameworks                   = default_frameworks
+      self.load_paths                   = default_load_paths
+      self.load_once_paths              = default_load_once_paths
+      self.eager_load_paths             = default_eager_load_paths
+      self.log_path                     = default_log_path
+      self.log_level                    = default_log_level
+      self.view_path                    = default_view_path
+      self.controller_paths             = default_controller_paths
+      self.preload_frameworks           = default_preload_frameworks
+      self.cache_classes                = default_cache_classes
+      self.dependency_loading           = default_dependency_loading
+      self.whiny_nils                   = default_whiny_nils
+      self.plugins                      = default_plugins
+      self.plugin_paths                 = default_plugin_paths
+      self.plugin_locators              = default_plugin_locators
+      self.plugin_loader                = default_plugin_loader
+      self.database_configuration_file  = default_database_configuration_file
+      self.routes_configuration_file    = default_routes_configuration_file
+      self.gems                         = default_gems
+      self.i18n                         = default_i18n
+
+      for framework in default_frameworks
+        self.send("#{framework}=", Rails::OrderedOptions.new)
+      end
+      self.active_support = Rails::OrderedOptions.new
+    end
+
+    # Set the root_path to RAILS_ROOT and canonicalize it.
+    def set_root_path!
+      raise 'RAILS_ROOT is not set' unless defined?(::RAILS_ROOT)
+      raise 'RAILS_ROOT is not a directory' unless File.directory?(::RAILS_ROOT)
+
+      @root_path =
+        # Pathname is incompatible with Windows, but Windows doesn't have
+        # real symlinks so File.expand_path is safe.
+        if RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(:?mswin|mingw)/
+          File.expand_path(::RAILS_ROOT)
+
+        # Otherwise use Pathname#realpath which respects symlinks.
+        else
+          Pathname.new(::RAILS_ROOT).realpath.to_s
+        end
+
+      Object.const_set(:RELATIVE_RAILS_ROOT, ::RAILS_ROOT.dup) unless defined?(::RELATIVE_RAILS_ROOT)
+      ::RAILS_ROOT.replace @root_path
+    end
+
+    # Enable threaded mode. Allows concurrent requests to controller actions and
+    # multiple database connections. Also disables automatic dependency loading
+    # after boot, and disables reloading code on every request, as these are
+    # fundamentally incompatible with thread safety.
+    def threadsafe!
+      self.preload_frameworks = true
+      self.cache_classes = true
+      self.dependency_loading = false
+      self.action_controller.allow_concurrency = true
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Loads and returns the contents of the #database_configuration_file. The
+    # contents of the file are processed via ERB before being sent through
+    # YAML::load.
+    def database_configuration
+      require 'erb'
+      YAML::load(ERB.new(IO.read(database_configuration_file)).result)
+    end
+
+    # The path to the current environment's file (<tt>development.rb</tt>, etc.). By
+    # default the file is at <tt>config/environments/#{environment}.rb</tt>.
+    def environment_path
+      "#{root_path}/config/environments/#{environment}.rb"
+    end
+
+    # Return the currently selected environment. By default, it returns the
+    # value of the RAILS_ENV constant.
+    def environment
+      ::RAILS_ENV
+    end
+
+    # Adds a block which will be executed after rails has been fully initialized.
+    # Useful for per-environment configuration which depends on the framework being
+    # fully initialized.
+    def after_initialize(&after_initialize_block)
+      after_initialize_blocks << after_initialize_block if after_initialize_block
+    end
+
+    # Returns the blocks added with Configuration#after_initialize
+    def after_initialize_blocks
+      @after_initialize_blocks ||= []
+    end
+
+    # Add a preparation callback that will run before every request in development
+    # mode, or before the first request in production.
+    #
+    # See Dispatcher#to_prepare.
+    def to_prepare(&callback)
+      after_initialize do
+        require 'dispatcher' unless defined?(::Dispatcher)
+        Dispatcher.to_prepare(&callback)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def middleware
+      require 'action_controller'
+      ActionController::Dispatcher.middleware
+    end
+
+    def builtin_directories
+      # Include builtins only in the development environment.
+      (environment == 'development') ? Dir["#{RAILTIES_PATH}/builtin/*/"] : []
+    end
+
+    def framework_paths
+      paths = %w(railties railties/lib activesupport/lib)
+      paths << 'actionpack/lib' if frameworks.include?(:action_controller) || frameworks.include?(:action_view)
+
+      [:active_record, :action_mailer, :active_resource, :action_web_service].each do |framework|
+        paths << "#{framework.to_s.gsub('_', '')}/lib" if frameworks.include?(framework)
+      end
+
+      paths.map { |dir| "#{framework_root_path}/#{dir}" }.select { |dir| File.directory?(dir) }
+    end
+
+    private
+      def framework_root_path
+        defined?(::RAILS_FRAMEWORK_ROOT) ? ::RAILS_FRAMEWORK_ROOT : "#{root_path}/vendor/rails"
+      end
+
+      def default_frameworks
+        [ :active_record, :action_controller, :action_view, :action_mailer, :active_resource ]
+      end
+
+      def default_load_paths
+        paths = []
+
+        # Add the old mock paths only if the directories exists
+        paths.concat(Dir["#{root_path}/test/mocks/#{environment}"]) if File.exists?("#{root_path}/test/mocks/#{environment}")
+
+        # Add the app's controller directory
+        paths.concat(Dir["#{root_path}/app/controllers/"])
+
+        # Followed by the standard includes.
+        paths.concat %w(
+          app
+          app/metal
+          app/models
+          app/controllers
+          app/helpers
+          app/services
+          lib
+          vendor
+        ).map { |dir| "#{root_path}/#{dir}" }.select { |dir| File.directory?(dir) }
+
+        paths.concat builtin_directories
+      end
+
+      # Doesn't matter since plugins aren't in load_paths yet.
+      def default_load_once_paths
+        []
+      end
+
+      def default_eager_load_paths
+        %w(
+          app/metal
+          app/models
+          app/controllers
+          app/helpers
+        ).map { |dir| "#{root_path}/#{dir}" }.select { |dir| File.directory?(dir) }
+      end
+
+      def default_log_path
+        File.join(root_path, 'log', "#{environment}.log")
+      end
+
+      def default_log_level
+        environment == 'production' ? :info : :debug
+      end
+
+      def default_database_configuration_file
+        File.join(root_path, 'config', 'database.yml')
+      end
+
+      def default_routes_configuration_file
+        File.join(root_path, 'config', 'routes.rb')
+      end
+
+      def default_view_path
+        File.join(root_path, 'app', 'views')
+      end
+
+      def default_controller_paths
+        paths = [File.join(root_path, 'app', 'controllers')]
+        paths.concat builtin_directories
+        paths
+      end
+
+      def default_dependency_loading
+        true
+      end
+
+      def default_preload_frameworks
+        false
+      end
+
+      def default_cache_classes
+        true
+      end
+
+      def default_whiny_nils
+        false
+      end
+
+      def default_plugins
+        nil
+      end
+
+      def default_plugin_paths
+        ["#{root_path}/vendor/plugins"]
+      end
+
+      def default_plugin_locators
+        require 'rails/plugin/locator'
+        locators = []
+        locators << Plugin::GemLocator if defined? Gem
+        locators << Plugin::FileSystemLocator
+      end
+
+      def default_plugin_loader
+        require 'rails/plugin/loader'
+        Plugin::Loader
+      end
+
+      def default_cache_store
+        if File.exist?("#{root_path}/tmp/cache/")
+          [ :file_store, "#{root_path}/tmp/cache/" ]
+        else
+          :memory_store
+        end
+      end
+
+      def default_gems
+        []
+      end
+
+      def default_i18n
+        i18n = Rails::OrderedOptions.new
+        i18n.load_path = []
+
+        if File.exist?(File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'config', 'locales'))
+          i18n.load_path << Dir[File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'config', 'locales', '*.{rb,yml}')]
+          i18n.load_path.flatten!
+        end
+
+        i18n
+      end
+  end
+end
+
+# Needs to be duplicated from Active Support since its needed before Active
+# Support is available. Here both Options and Hash are namespaced to prevent
+# conflicts with other implementations AND with the classes residing in Active Support.
+class Rails::OrderedOptions < Array #:nodoc:
+  def []=(key, value)
+    key = key.to_sym
+
+    if pair = find_pair(key)
+      pair.pop
+      pair << value
+    else
+      self << [key, value]
+    end
+  end
+
+  def [](key)
+    pair = find_pair(key.to_sym)
+    pair ? pair.last : nil
+  end
+
+  def method_missing(name, *args)
+    if name.to_s =~ /(.*)=$/
+      self[$1.to_sym] = args.first
+    else
+      self[name]
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+    def find_pair(key)
+      self.each { |i| return i if i.first == key }
+      return false
+    end
+end
+
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/performance_test_help.rb b/railties/lib/rails/performance_test_help.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ac38981d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/performance_test_help.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ActionController::Base.perform_caching = true
+ActiveSupport::Dependencies.mechanism = :require
+Rails.logger.level = ActiveSupport::BufferedLogger::INFO
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/railties_path.rb b/railties/lib/rails/railties_path.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e291fc23ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/railties_path.rb
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+RAILTIES_PATH = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', '..'))
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/ruby_version_check.rb b/railties/lib/rails/ruby_version_check.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68d3acc876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/ruby_version_check.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+min_release  = "1.8.2 (2004-12-25)"
+ruby_release = "#{RUBY_VERSION} (#{RUBY_RELEASE_DATE})"
+if ruby_release =~ /1\.8\.3/
+  abort <<-end_message
+
+    Rails does not work with Ruby version 1.8.3.
+    Please upgrade to version 1.8.4 or downgrade to 1.8.2.
+
+  end_message
+elsif ruby_release < min_release
+  abort <<-end_message
+
+    Rails requires Ruby version #{min_release} or later.
+    You're running #{ruby_release}; please upgrade to continue.
+
+  end_message
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/rubyprof_ext.rb b/railties/lib/rails/rubyprof_ext.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6e90357ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/rubyprof_ext.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+require 'prof'
+
+module Prof #:nodoc:
+  # Adapted from Shugo Maeda's unprof.rb
+  def self.print_profile(results, io = $stderr)
+    total = results.detect { |i|
+      i.method_class.nil? && i.method_id == :"#toplevel"
+    }.total_time
+    total = 0.001 if total < 0.001
+
+    io.puts "  %%   cumulative   self              self     total"
+    io.puts " time   seconds   seconds    calls  ms/call  ms/call  name"
+
+    sum = 0.0
+    for r in results
+      sum += r.self_time
+
+      name =  if r.method_class.nil?
+                r.method_id.to_s
+              elsif r.method_class.is_a?(Class)
+                "#{r.method_class}##{r.method_id}"
+              else
+                "#{r.method_class}.#{r.method_id}"
+              end
+      io.printf "%6.2f %8.3f  %8.3f %8d %8.2f %8.2f  %s\n",
+        r.self_time / total * 100,
+        sum,
+        r.self_time,
+        r.count,
+        r.self_time * 1000 / r.count,
+        r.total_time * 1000 / r.count,
+        name
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/source_annotation_extractor.rb b/railties/lib/rails/source_annotation_extractor.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..591fd6f6bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/source_annotation_extractor.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Implements the logic behind the rake tasks for annotations like
+#
+#   rake notes
+#   rake notes:optimize
+#
+# and friends. See <tt>rake -T notes</tt> and <tt>railties/lib/tasks/annotations.rake</tt>.
+#
+# Annotation objects are triplets <tt>:line</tt>, <tt>:tag</tt>, <tt>:text</tt> that
+# represent the line where the annotation lives, its tag, and its text. Note
+# the filename is not stored.
+#
+# Annotations are looked for in comments and modulus whitespace they have to
+# start with the tag optionally followed by a colon. Everything up to the end
+# of the line (or closing ERb comment tag) is considered to be their text.
+class SourceAnnotationExtractor
+  class Annotation < Struct.new(:line, :tag, :text)
+
+    # Returns a representation of the annotation that looks like this:
+    #
+    #   [126] [TODO] This algorithm is simple and clearly correct, make it faster.
+    #
+    # If +options+ has a flag <tt>:tag</tt> the tag is shown as in the example above.
+    # Otherwise the string contains just line and text.
+    def to_s(options={})
+      s = "[%3d] " % line
+      s << "[#{tag}] " if options[:tag]
+      s << text
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Prints all annotations with tag +tag+ under the root directories +app+, +lib+,
+  # and +test+ (recursively). Only filenames with extension +.builder+, +.rb+,
+  # +.rxml+, +.rjs+, +.rhtml+, or +.erb+ are taken into account. The +options+
+  # hash is passed to each annotation's +to_s+.
+  #
+  # This class method is the single entry point for the rake tasks.
+  def self.enumerate(tag, options={})
+    extractor = new(tag)
+    extractor.display(extractor.find, options)
+  end
+
+  attr_reader :tag
+
+  def initialize(tag)
+    @tag = tag
+  end
+
+  # Returns a hash that maps filenames under +dirs+ (recursively) to arrays
+  # with their annotations. Only files with annotations are included, and only
+  # those with extension +.builder+, +.rb+, +.rxml+, +.rjs+, +.rhtml+, and +.erb+
+  # are taken into account.
+  def find(dirs=%w(app lib test))
+    dirs.inject({}) { |h, dir| h.update(find_in(dir)) }
+  end
+
+  # Returns a hash that maps filenames under +dir+ (recursively) to arrays
+  # with their annotations. Only files with annotations are included, and only
+  # those with extension +.builder+, +.rb+, +.rxml+, +.rjs+, +.rhtml+, and +.erb+
+  # are taken into account.
+  def find_in(dir)
+    results = {}
+
+    Dir.glob("#{dir}/*") do |item|
+      next if File.basename(item)[0] == ?.
+
+      if File.directory?(item)
+        results.update(find_in(item))
+      elsif item =~ /\.(builder|(r(?:b|xml|js)))$/
+        results.update(extract_annotations_from(item, /#\s*(#{tag}):?\s*(.*)$/))
+      elsif item =~ /\.(rhtml|erb)$/
+        results.update(extract_annotations_from(item, /<%\s*#\s*(#{tag}):?\s*(.*?)\s*%>/))
+      end
+    end
+
+    results
+  end
+
+  # If +file+ is the filename of a file that contains annotations this method returns
+  # a hash with a single entry that maps +file+ to an array of its annotations.
+  # Otherwise it returns an empty hash.
+  def extract_annotations_from(file, pattern)
+    lineno = 0
+    result = File.readlines(file).inject([]) do |list, line|
+      lineno += 1
+      next list unless line =~ pattern
+      list << Annotation.new(lineno, $1, $2)
+    end
+    result.empty? ? {} : { file => result }
+  end
+
+  # Prints the mapping from filenames to annotations in +results+ ordered by filename.
+  # The +options+ hash is passed to each annotation's +to_s+.
+  def display(results, options={})
+    results.keys.sort.each do |file|
+      puts "#{file}:"
+      results[file].each do |note|
+        puts "  * #{note.to_s(options)}"
+      end
+      puts
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks.rb b/railties/lib/rails/tasks.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aad965306c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+$VERBOSE = nil
+
+# Load Rails rakefile extensions
+%w(
+  annotations
+  databases
+  documentation
+  framework
+  gems
+  log
+  middleware
+  misc
+  routes
+  statistics
+  testing
+  tmp
+).each do |task|
+  load "rails/tasks/#{task}.rake"
+end
+
+# Load any custom rakefile extensions
+# TODO: Don't hardcode these paths.
+Dir["#{RAILS_ROOT}/vendor/plugins/*/**/tasks/**/*.rake"].sort.each { |ext| load ext }
+Dir["#{RAILS_ROOT}/lib/tasks/**/*.rake"].sort.each { |ext| load ext }
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/annotations.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/annotations.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..79973b3145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/annotations.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+require 'rails/source_annotation_extractor'
+
+desc "Enumerate all annotations"
+task :notes do
+  SourceAnnotationExtractor.enumerate "OPTIMIZE|FIXME|TODO", :tag => true
+end
+
+namespace :notes do
+  ["OPTIMIZE", "FIXME", "TODO"].each do |annotation|
+    desc "Enumerate all #{annotation} annotations"
+    task annotation.downcase.intern do
+      SourceAnnotationExtractor.enumerate annotation
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "Enumerate a custom annotation, specify with ANNOTATION=WTFHAX"
+  task :custom do
+    SourceAnnotationExtractor.enumerate ENV['ANNOTATION']
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/databases.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/databases.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed015e7a67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/databases.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,469 @@
+namespace :db do
+  task :load_config => :rails_env do
+    require 'active_record'
+    ActiveRecord::Base.configurations = Rails::Configuration.new.database_configuration
+  end
+
+  namespace :create do
+    desc 'Create all the local databases defined in config/database.yml'
+    task :all => :load_config do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.each_value do |config|
+        # Skip entries that don't have a database key, such as the first entry here:
+        #
+        #  defaults: &defaults
+        #    adapter: mysql
+        #    username: root
+        #    password:
+        #    host: localhost
+        #
+        #  development:
+        #    database: blog_development
+        #    <<: *defaults
+        next unless config['database']
+        # Only connect to local databases
+        local_database?(config) { create_database(config) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc 'Create the database defined in config/database.yml for the current RAILS_ENV'
+  task :create => :load_config do
+    create_database(ActiveRecord::Base.configurations[RAILS_ENV])
+  end
+
+  def create_database(config)
+    begin
+      if config['adapter'] =~ /sqlite/
+        if File.exist?(config['database'])
+          $stderr.puts "#{config['database']} already exists"
+        else
+          begin
+            # Create the SQLite database
+            ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+            ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+          rescue
+            $stderr.puts $!, *($!.backtrace)
+            $stderr.puts "Couldn't create database for #{config.inspect}"
+          end
+        end
+        return # Skip the else clause of begin/rescue    
+      else
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      end
+    rescue
+      case config['adapter']
+      when 'mysql'
+        @charset   = ENV['CHARSET']   || 'utf8'
+        @collation = ENV['COLLATION'] || 'utf8_unicode_ci'
+        creation_options = {:charset => (config['charset'] || @charset), :collation => (config['collation'] || @collation)}
+        begin
+          ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config.merge('database' => nil))
+          ActiveRecord::Base.connection.create_database(config['database'], creation_options)
+          ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+        rescue Mysql::Error => sqlerr
+          if sqlerr.errno == Mysql::Error::ER_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR
+            print "#{sqlerr.error}. \nPlease provide the root password for your mysql installation\n>"
+            root_password = $stdin.gets.strip
+            grant_statement = "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON #{config['database']}.* " \
+              "TO '#{config['username']}'@'localhost' " \
+              "IDENTIFIED BY '#{config['password']}' WITH GRANT OPTION;"
+            ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config.merge(
+                'database' => nil, 'username' => 'root', 'password' => root_password))
+            ActiveRecord::Base.connection.create_database(config['database'], creation_options)
+            ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute grant_statement
+            ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+          else
+            $stderr.puts sqlerr.error
+            $stderr.puts "Couldn't create database for #{config.inspect}, charset: #{config['charset'] || @charset}, collation: #{config['collation'] || @collation}"
+            $stderr.puts "(if you set the charset manually, make sure you have a matching collation)" if config['charset']
+          end
+        end
+      when 'postgresql'
+        @encoding = config[:encoding] || ENV['CHARSET'] || 'utf8'
+        begin
+          ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config.merge('database' => 'postgres', 'schema_search_path' => 'public'))
+          ActiveRecord::Base.connection.create_database(config['database'], config.merge('encoding' => @encoding))
+          ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+        rescue
+          $stderr.puts $!, *($!.backtrace)
+          $stderr.puts "Couldn't create database for #{config.inspect}"
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      $stderr.puts "#{config['database']} already exists"
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :drop do
+    desc 'Drops all the local databases defined in config/database.yml'
+    task :all => :load_config do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.each_value do |config|
+        # Skip entries that don't have a database key
+        next unless config['database']
+        begin
+          # Only connect to local databases
+          local_database?(config) { drop_database(config) }
+        rescue Exception => e
+          puts "Couldn't drop #{config['database']} : #{e.inspect}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc 'Drops the database for the current RAILS_ENV'
+  task :drop => :load_config do
+    config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations[RAILS_ENV || 'development']
+    begin
+      drop_database(config)
+    rescue Exception => e
+      puts "Couldn't drop #{config['database']} : #{e.inspect}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def local_database?(config, &block)
+    if %w( 127.0.0.1 localhost ).include?(config['host']) || config['host'].blank?
+      yield
+    else
+      puts "This task only modifies local databases. #{config['database']} is on a remote host."
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  desc "Migrate the database through scripts in db/migrate and update db/schema.rb by invoking db:schema:dump. Target specific version with VERSION=x. Turn off output with VERBOSE=false."
+  task :migrate => :environment do
+    ActiveRecord::Migration.verbose = ENV["VERBOSE"] ? ENV["VERBOSE"] == "true" : true
+    ActiveRecord::Migrator.migrate("db/migrate/", ENV["VERSION"] ? ENV["VERSION"].to_i : nil)
+    Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].invoke if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
+  end
+
+  namespace :migrate do
+    desc  'Rollbacks the database one migration and re migrate up. If you want to rollback more than one step, define STEP=x. Target specific version with VERSION=x.'
+    task :redo => :environment do
+      if ENV["VERSION"]
+        Rake::Task["db:migrate:down"].invoke
+        Rake::Task["db:migrate:up"].invoke
+      else
+        Rake::Task["db:rollback"].invoke
+        Rake::Task["db:migrate"].invoke
+      end
+    end
+
+    desc 'Resets your database using your migrations for the current environment'
+    task :reset => ["db:drop", "db:create", "db:migrate"]
+
+    desc 'Runs the "up" for a given migration VERSION.'
+    task :up => :environment do
+      version = ENV["VERSION"] ? ENV["VERSION"].to_i : nil
+      raise "VERSION is required" unless version
+      ActiveRecord::Migrator.run(:up, "db/migrate/", version)
+      Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].invoke if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
+    end
+
+    desc 'Runs the "down" for a given migration VERSION.'
+    task :down => :environment do
+      version = ENV["VERSION"] ? ENV["VERSION"].to_i : nil
+      raise "VERSION is required" unless version
+      ActiveRecord::Migrator.run(:down, "db/migrate/", version)
+      Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].invoke if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc 'Rolls the schema back to the previous version. Specify the number of steps with STEP=n'
+  task :rollback => :environment do
+    step = ENV['STEP'] ? ENV['STEP'].to_i : 1
+    ActiveRecord::Migrator.rollback('db/migrate/', step)
+    Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].invoke if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
+  end
+
+  desc 'Pushes the schema to the next version. Specify the number of steps with STEP=n'
+  task :forward => :environment do
+    step = ENV['STEP'] ? ENV['STEP'].to_i : 1
+    ActiveRecord::Migrator.forward('db/migrate/', step)
+    Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].invoke if ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format == :ruby
+  end
+
+  desc 'Drops and recreates the database from db/schema.rb for the current environment and loads the seeds.'
+  task :reset => [ 'db:drop', 'db:setup' ]
+
+  desc "Retrieves the charset for the current environment's database"
+  task :charset => :environment do
+    config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations[RAILS_ENV || 'development']
+    case config['adapter']
+    when 'mysql'
+      ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+      puts ActiveRecord::Base.connection.charset
+    when 'postgresql'
+      ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+      puts ActiveRecord::Base.connection.encoding
+    else
+      puts 'sorry, your database adapter is not supported yet, feel free to submit a patch'
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "Retrieves the collation for the current environment's database"
+  task :collation => :environment do
+    config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations[RAILS_ENV || 'development']
+    case config['adapter']
+    when 'mysql'
+      ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+      puts ActiveRecord::Base.connection.collation
+    else
+      puts 'sorry, your database adapter is not supported yet, feel free to submit a patch'
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "Retrieves the current schema version number"
+  task :version => :environment do
+    puts "Current version: #{ActiveRecord::Migrator.current_version}"
+  end
+
+  desc "Raises an error if there are pending migrations"
+  task :abort_if_pending_migrations => :environment do
+    if defined? ActiveRecord
+      pending_migrations = ActiveRecord::Migrator.new(:up, 'db/migrate').pending_migrations
+
+      if pending_migrations.any?
+        puts "You have #{pending_migrations.size} pending migrations:"
+        pending_migrations.each do |pending_migration|
+          puts '  %4d %s' % [pending_migration.version, pending_migration.name]
+        end
+        abort %{Run "rake db:migrate" to update your database then try again.}
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc 'Create the database, load the schema, and initialize with the seed data'
+  task :setup => [ 'db:create', 'db:schema:load', 'db:seed' ]
+
+  desc 'Load the seed data from db/seeds.rb'
+  task :seed => :environment do
+    seed_file = File.join(Rails.root, 'db', 'seeds.rb')
+    load(seed_file) if File.exist?(seed_file)
+  end
+
+  namespace :fixtures do
+    desc "Load fixtures into the current environment's database.  Load specific fixtures using FIXTURES=x,y. Load from subdirectory in test/fixtures using FIXTURES_DIR=z. Specify an alternative path (eg. spec/fixtures) using FIXTURES_PATH=spec/fixtures."
+    task :load => :environment do
+      require 'active_record/fixtures'
+      ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(Rails.env)
+      base_dir = ENV['FIXTURES_PATH'] ? File.join(Rails.root, ENV['FIXTURES_PATH']) : File.join(Rails.root, 'test', 'fixtures')
+      fixtures_dir = ENV['FIXTURES_DIR'] ? File.join(base_dir, ENV['FIXTURES_DIR']) : base_dir
+
+      (ENV['FIXTURES'] ? ENV['FIXTURES'].split(/,/).map {|f| File.join(fixtures_dir, f) } : Dir.glob(File.join(fixtures_dir, '*.{yml,csv}'))).each do |fixture_file|
+        Fixtures.create_fixtures(File.dirname(fixture_file), File.basename(fixture_file, '.*'))
+      end
+    end
+
+    desc "Search for a fixture given a LABEL or ID. Specify an alternative path (eg. spec/fixtures) using FIXTURES_PATH=spec/fixtures."
+    task :identify => :environment do
+      require "active_record/fixtures"
+
+      label, id = ENV["LABEL"], ENV["ID"]
+      raise "LABEL or ID required" if label.blank? && id.blank?
+
+      puts %Q(The fixture ID for "#{label}" is #{Fixtures.identify(label)}.) if label
+
+      base_dir = ENV['FIXTURES_PATH'] ? File.join(Rails.root, ENV['FIXTURES_PATH']) : File.join(Rails.root, 'test', 'fixtures')
+      Dir["#{base_dir}/**/*.yml"].each do |file|
+        if data = YAML::load(ERB.new(IO.read(file)).result)
+          data.keys.each do |key|
+            key_id = Fixtures.identify(key)
+
+            if key == label || key_id == id.to_i
+              puts "#{file}: #{key} (#{key_id})"
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :schema do
+    desc "Create a db/schema.rb file that can be portably used against any DB supported by AR"
+    task :dump => :environment do
+      require 'active_record/schema_dumper'
+      File.open(ENV['SCHEMA'] || "#{RAILS_ROOT}/db/schema.rb", "w") do |file|
+        ActiveRecord::SchemaDumper.dump(ActiveRecord::Base.connection, file)
+      end
+      Rake::Task["db:schema:dump"].reenable
+    end
+
+    desc "Load a schema.rb file into the database"
+    task :load => :environment do
+      file = ENV['SCHEMA'] || "#{RAILS_ROOT}/db/schema.rb"
+      if File.exists?(file)
+        load(file)
+      else
+        abort %{#{file} doesn't exist yet. Run "rake db:migrate" to create it then try again. If you do not intend to use a database, you should instead alter #{RAILS_ROOT}/config/environment.rb to prevent active_record from loading: config.frameworks -= [ :active_record ]}
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :structure do
+    desc "Dump the database structure to a SQL file"
+    task :dump => :environment do
+      abcs = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations
+      case abcs[RAILS_ENV]["adapter"]
+      when "mysql", "oci", "oracle"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(abcs[RAILS_ENV])
+        File.open("#{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql", "w+") { |f| f << ActiveRecord::Base.connection.structure_dump }
+      when "postgresql"
+        ENV['PGHOST']     = abcs[RAILS_ENV]["host"] if abcs[RAILS_ENV]["host"]
+        ENV['PGPORT']     = abcs[RAILS_ENV]["port"].to_s if abcs[RAILS_ENV]["port"]
+        ENV['PGPASSWORD'] = abcs[RAILS_ENV]["password"].to_s if abcs[RAILS_ENV]["password"]
+        search_path = abcs[RAILS_ENV]["schema_search_path"]
+        unless search_path.blank?
+          search_path = search_path.split(",").map{|search_path| "--schema=#{search_path.strip}" }.join(" ")
+        end
+        `pg_dump -i -U "#{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["username"]}" -s -x -O -f db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql #{search_path} #{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["database"]}`
+        raise "Error dumping database" if $?.exitstatus == 1
+      when "sqlite", "sqlite3"
+        dbfile = abcs[RAILS_ENV]["database"] || abcs[RAILS_ENV]["dbfile"]
+        `#{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["adapter"]} #{dbfile} .schema > db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql`
+      when "sqlserver"
+        `scptxfr /s #{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["host"]} /d #{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["database"]} /I /f db\\#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql /q /A /r`
+        `scptxfr /s #{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["host"]} /d #{abcs[RAILS_ENV]["database"]} /I /F db\ /q /A /r`
+      when "firebird"
+        set_firebird_env(abcs[RAILS_ENV])
+        db_string = firebird_db_string(abcs[RAILS_ENV])
+        sh "isql -a #{db_string} > #{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql"
+      else
+        raise "Task not supported by '#{abcs["test"]["adapter"]}'"
+      end
+
+      if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.supports_migrations?
+        File.open("#{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql", "a") { |f| f << ActiveRecord::Base.connection.dump_schema_information }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :test do
+    desc "Recreate the test database from the current schema.rb"
+    task :load => 'db:test:purge' do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(ActiveRecord::Base.configurations['test'])
+      ActiveRecord::Schema.verbose = false
+      Rake::Task["db:schema:load"].invoke
+    end
+
+    desc "Recreate the test database from the current environment's database schema"
+    task :clone => %w(db:schema:dump db:test:load)
+
+    desc "Recreate the test databases from the development structure"
+    task :clone_structure => [ "db:structure:dump", "db:test:purge" ] do
+      abcs = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations
+      case abcs["test"]["adapter"]
+      when "mysql"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(:test)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute('SET foreign_key_checks = 0')
+        IO.readlines("#{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql").join.split("\n\n").each do |table|
+          ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(table)
+        end
+      when "postgresql"
+        ENV['PGHOST']     = abcs["test"]["host"] if abcs["test"]["host"]
+        ENV['PGPORT']     = abcs["test"]["port"].to_s if abcs["test"]["port"]
+        ENV['PGPASSWORD'] = abcs["test"]["password"].to_s if abcs["test"]["password"]
+        `psql -U "#{abcs["test"]["username"]}" -f #{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql #{abcs["test"]["database"]}`
+      when "sqlite", "sqlite3"
+        dbfile = abcs["test"]["database"] || abcs["test"]["dbfile"]
+        `#{abcs["test"]["adapter"]} #{dbfile} < #{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql`
+      when "sqlserver"
+        `osql -E -S #{abcs["test"]["host"]} -d #{abcs["test"]["database"]} -i db\\#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql`
+      when "oci", "oracle"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(:test)
+        IO.readlines("#{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql").join.split(";\n\n").each do |ddl|
+          ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(ddl)
+        end
+      when "firebird"
+        set_firebird_env(abcs["test"])
+        db_string = firebird_db_string(abcs["test"])
+        sh "isql -i #{RAILS_ROOT}/db/#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql #{db_string}"
+      else
+        raise "Task not supported by '#{abcs["test"]["adapter"]}'"
+      end
+    end
+
+    desc "Empty the test database"
+    task :purge => :environment do
+      abcs = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations
+      case abcs["test"]["adapter"]
+      when "mysql"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(:test)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.recreate_database(abcs["test"]["database"], abcs["test"])
+      when "postgresql"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.clear_active_connections!
+        drop_database(abcs['test'])
+        create_database(abcs['test'])
+      when "sqlite","sqlite3"
+        dbfile = abcs["test"]["database"] || abcs["test"]["dbfile"]
+        File.delete(dbfile) if File.exist?(dbfile)
+      when "sqlserver"
+        dropfkscript = "#{abcs["test"]["host"]}.#{abcs["test"]["database"]}.DP1".gsub(/\\/,'-')
+        `osql -E -S #{abcs["test"]["host"]} -d #{abcs["test"]["database"]} -i db\\#{dropfkscript}`
+        `osql -E -S #{abcs["test"]["host"]} -d #{abcs["test"]["database"]} -i db\\#{RAILS_ENV}_structure.sql`
+      when "oci", "oracle"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(:test)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.structure_drop.split(";\n\n").each do |ddl|
+          ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute(ddl)
+        end
+      when "firebird"
+        ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(:test)
+        ActiveRecord::Base.connection.recreate_database!
+      else
+        raise "Task not supported by '#{abcs["test"]["adapter"]}'"
+      end
+    end
+
+    desc 'Check for pending migrations and load the test schema'
+    task :prepare => 'db:abort_if_pending_migrations' do
+      if defined?(ActiveRecord) && !ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.blank?
+        Rake::Task[{ :sql  => "db:test:clone_structure", :ruby => "db:test:load" }[ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format]].invoke
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :sessions do
+    desc "Creates a sessions migration for use with ActiveRecord::SessionStore"
+    task :create => :environment do
+      raise "Task unavailable to this database (no migration support)" unless ActiveRecord::Base.connection.supports_migrations?
+      require 'rails/generators'
+      require 'rails/generators/rails/session_migration/session_migration_generator'
+      Rails::Generators::SessionMigrationGenerator.start [ ENV["MIGRATION"] || "add_sessions_table" ]
+    end
+
+    desc "Clear the sessions table"
+    task :clear => :environment do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute "DELETE FROM #{session_table_name}"
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def drop_database(config)
+  case config['adapter']
+  when 'mysql'
+    ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config)
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.drop_database config['database']
+  when /^sqlite/
+    require 'pathname'
+    path = Pathname.new(config['database'])
+    file = path.absolute? ? path.to_s : File.join(RAILS_ROOT, path)
+
+    FileUtils.rm(file)
+  when 'postgresql'
+    ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(config.merge('database' => 'postgres', 'schema_search_path' => 'public'))
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connection.drop_database config['database']
+  end
+end
+
+def session_table_name
+  ActiveRecord::SessionStore::Session.table_name
+end
+
+def set_firebird_env(config)
+  ENV["ISC_USER"]     = config["username"].to_s if config["username"]
+  ENV["ISC_PASSWORD"] = config["password"].to_s if config["password"]
+end
+
+def firebird_db_string(config)
+  FireRuby::Database.db_string_for(config.symbolize_keys)
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/documentation.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/documentation.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..db1939c45f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/documentation.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+namespace :doc do
+  desc "Generate documentation for the application. Set custom template with TEMPLATE=/path/to/rdoc/template.rb or title with TITLE=\"Custom Title\""
+  Rake::RDocTask.new("app") { |rdoc|
+    rdoc.rdoc_dir = 'doc/app'
+    rdoc.template = ENV['template'] if ENV['template']
+    rdoc.title    = ENV['title'] || "Rails Application Documentation"
+    rdoc.options << '--line-numbers' << '--inline-source'
+    rdoc.options << '--charset' << 'utf-8'
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('doc/README_FOR_APP')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('app/**/*.rb')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('lib/**/*.rb')
+  }
+
+  desc "Generate documentation for the Rails framework"
+  Rake::RDocTask.new("rails") { |rdoc|
+    rdoc.rdoc_dir = 'doc/api'
+    rdoc.template = "#{ENV['template']}.rb" if ENV['template']
+    rdoc.title    = "Rails Framework Documentation"
+    rdoc.options << '--line-numbers' << '--inline-source'
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/railties/CHANGELOG')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/railties/MIT-LICENSE')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/railties/README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/railties/lib/{*.rb,commands/*.rb,generators/*.rb}')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activerecord/README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activerecord/CHANGELOG')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/**/*.rb')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.exclude('vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/vendor/*')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activeresource/README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activeresource/CHANGELOG')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activeresource/lib/active_resource.rb')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activeresource/lib/active_resource/*')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionpack/README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionpack/CHANGELOG')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_controller/**/*.rb')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionpack/lib/action_view/**/*.rb')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionmailer/README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionmailer/CHANGELOG')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/base.rb')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activesupport/README')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activesupport/CHANGELOG')
+    rdoc.rdoc_files.include('vendor/rails/activesupport/lib/active_support/**/*.rb')
+  }
+
+  plugins = FileList['vendor/plugins/**'].collect { |plugin| File.basename(plugin) }
+
+  desc "Generate documentation for all installed plugins"
+  task :plugins => plugins.collect { |plugin| "doc:plugins:#{plugin}" }
+
+  desc "Remove plugin documentation"
+  task :clobber_plugins do 
+    rm_rf 'doc/plugins' rescue nil
+  end
+
+  desc "Generate Rails guides"
+  task :guides do
+    require File.join(RAILTIES_PATH, "guides/rails_guides")
+    RailsGuides::Generator.new(File.join(RAILS_ROOT, "doc/guides")).generate
+  end
+
+  namespace :plugins do
+    # Define doc tasks for each plugin
+    plugins.each do |plugin|
+      desc "Generate documentation for the #{plugin} plugin"
+      task(plugin => :environment) do
+        plugin_base   = "vendor/plugins/#{plugin}"
+        options       = []
+        files         = Rake::FileList.new
+        options << "-o doc/plugins/#{plugin}"
+        options << "--title '#{plugin.titlecase} Plugin Documentation'"
+        options << '--line-numbers' << '--inline-source'
+        options << '--charset' << 'utf-8'
+        options << '-T html'
+
+        files.include("#{plugin_base}/lib/**/*.rb")
+        if File.exist?("#{plugin_base}/README")
+          files.include("#{plugin_base}/README")    
+          options << "--main '#{plugin_base}/README'"
+        end
+        files.include("#{plugin_base}/CHANGELOG") if File.exist?("#{plugin_base}/CHANGELOG")
+
+        options << files.to_s
+
+        sh %(rdoc #{options * ' '})
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/framework.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/framework.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..17e16f26fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/framework.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+namespace :rails do
+  namespace :freeze do
+    desc "Lock this application to the current gems (by unpacking them into vendor/rails)"
+    task :gems do
+      deps = %w(actionpack activerecord actionmailer activesupport activeresource)
+      require 'rubygems'
+      require 'rubygems/gem_runner'
+
+      rails = (version = ENV['VERSION']) ?
+        Gem.cache.find_name('rails', "= #{version}").first :
+        Gem.cache.find_name('rails').sort_by { |g| g.version }.last
+
+      version ||= rails.version
+
+      unless rails
+        puts "No rails gem #{version} is installed.  Do 'gem list rails' to see what you have available."
+        exit
+      end
+
+      puts "Freezing to the gems for Rails #{rails.version}"
+      rm_rf   "vendor/rails"
+      mkdir_p "vendor/rails"
+
+      begin
+        chdir("vendor/rails") do
+          rails.dependencies.select { |g| deps.include? g.name }.each do |g|
+            Gem::GemRunner.new.run(["unpack", g.name, "--version", g.version_requirements.to_s])
+            mv(Dir.glob("#{g.name}*").first, g.name)
+          end
+
+          Gem::GemRunner.new.run(["unpack", "rails", "--version", "=#{version}"])
+          FileUtils.mv(Dir.glob("rails*").first, "railties")
+        end
+      rescue Exception
+        rm_rf "vendor/rails"
+        raise
+      end
+    end
+
+    desc 'Lock to latest Edge Rails, for a specific release use RELEASE=1.2.0'
+    task :edge do
+      require 'open-uri'
+      version = ENV["RELEASE"] || "edge"
+      target  = "rails_#{version}.zip"
+      commits = "http://github.com/api/v1/yaml/rails/rails/commits/master"
+      url     = "http://dev.rubyonrails.org/archives/#{target}"
+
+      chdir 'vendor' do
+        latest_revision = YAML.load(open(commits))["commits"].first["id"]
+
+        puts "Downloading Rails from #{url}"
+        File.open('rails.zip', 'wb') do |dst|
+          open url do |src|
+            while chunk = src.read(4096)
+              dst << chunk
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        puts 'Unpacking Rails'
+        rm_rf 'rails'
+        `unzip rails.zip`
+        %w(rails.zip rails/Rakefile rails/cleanlogs.sh rails/pushgems.rb rails/release.rb).each do |goner|
+          rm_f goner
+        end
+
+        touch "rails/REVISION_#{latest_revision}"
+      end
+
+      puts 'Updating current scripts, javascripts, and configuration settings'
+      Rake::Task['rails:update'].invoke
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "Unlock this application from freeze of gems or edge and return to a fluid use of system gems"
+  task :unfreeze do
+    rm_rf "vendor/rails"
+  end
+
+  desc "Update both configs, scripts and public/javascripts from Rails"
+  task :update => [ "update:configs", "update:javascripts", "update:scripts", "update:application_controller" ]
+
+  desc "Applies the template supplied by LOCATION=/path/to/template"
+  task :template do
+    template = ENV["LOCATION"]
+    template = File.expand_path(template) if template !~ %r{\A[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+\-\.]*://}
+
+    require 'generators'
+    generator = Rails::Generators::App.new [ RAILS_ROOT ], {}, :destination_root => RAILS_ROOT
+    generator.apply template, :verbose => false
+  end
+
+  namespace :update do
+    def invoke_from_app_generator(method)
+      require 'generators'
+      require 'rails/generators/rails/app/app_generator'
+
+      generator = Rails::Generators::AppGenerator.new ["rails"], { :with_dispatchers => true },
+                                                      :destination_root => RAILS_ROOT
+      generator.invoke(method)
+    end
+
+    desc "Update config/boot.rb from your current rails install"
+    task :configs do
+      invoke_from_app_generator :create_boot_file
+    end
+
+    desc "Update Prototype javascripts from your current rails install"
+    task :javascripts do
+      invoke_from_app_generator :create_prototype_files
+    end
+
+    desc "Generate dispatcher files in RAILS_ROOT/public"
+    task :generate_dispatchers do
+      invoke_from_app_generator :create_dispatch_files
+    end
+
+    desc "Add new scripts to the application script/ directory"
+    task :scripts do
+      invoke_from_app_generator :create_script_files
+    end
+
+    desc "Rename application.rb to application_controller.rb"
+    task :application_controller do
+      old_style = RAILS_ROOT + '/app/controllers/application.rb'
+      new_style = RAILS_ROOT + '/app/controllers/application_controller.rb'
+      if File.exists?(old_style) && !File.exists?(new_style)
+        FileUtils.mv(old_style, new_style)
+        puts "#{old_style} has been renamed to #{new_style}, update your SCM as necessary"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/gems.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/gems.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1c34c7cca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/gems.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+desc "List the gems that this rails application depends on"
+task :gems => 'gems:base' do
+  Rails.configuration.gems.each do |gem|
+    print_gem_status(gem)
+  end
+  puts
+  puts "I = Installed"
+  puts "F = Frozen"
+  puts "R = Framework (loaded before rails starts)"
+end
+
+namespace :gems do
+  task :base do
+    $gems_rake_task = true
+    require 'rubygems'
+    require 'rubygems/gem_runner'
+    Rake::Task[:environment].invoke
+  end
+
+  desc "Build any native extensions for unpacked gems"
+  task :build do
+    $gems_build_rake_task = true
+    frozen_gems.each { |gem| gem.build }
+  end
+
+  namespace :build do
+    desc "Force the build of all gems"
+    task :force do
+      $gems_build_rake_task = true
+      frozen_gems.each { |gem| gem.build(:force => true) }
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "Installs all required gems."
+  task :install => :base do
+    current_gems.each { |gem| gem.install }
+  end
+
+  desc "Unpacks all required gems into vendor/gems."
+  task :unpack => :install do
+    current_gems.each { |gem| gem.unpack }
+  end
+
+  namespace :unpack do
+    desc "Unpacks all required gems and their dependencies into vendor/gems."
+    task :dependencies => :install do
+      current_gems.each { |gem| gem.unpack(:recursive => true) }
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "Regenerate gem specifications in correct format."
+  task :refresh_specs do
+    frozen_gems(false).each { |gem| gem.refresh }
+  end
+end
+
+def current_gems
+  gems = Rails.configuration.gems
+  gems = gems.select { |gem| gem.name == ENV['GEM'] } unless ENV['GEM'].blank?
+  gems
+end
+
+def frozen_gems(load_specs=true)
+  Dir[File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'vendor', 'gems', '*-*')].map do |gem_dir|
+    Rails::GemDependency.from_directory_name(gem_dir, load_specs)
+  end
+end
+
+def print_gem_status(gem, indent=1)
+  code = case
+    when gem.framework_gem? then 'R'
+    when gem.frozen?        then 'F'
+    when gem.installed?     then 'I'
+    else                         ' '
+  end
+  puts "   "*(indent-1)+" - [#{code}] #{gem.name} #{gem.requirement.to_s}"
+  gem.dependencies.each { |g| print_gem_status(g, indent+1) }
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/log.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/log.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e1334692e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/log.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace :log do
+  desc "Truncates all *.log files in log/ to zero bytes"
+  task :clear do
+    FileList["log/*.log"].each do |log_file|
+      f = File.open(log_file, "w")
+      f.close
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/middleware.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/middleware.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..05f159184e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/middleware.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+desc 'Prints out your Rack middleware stack'
+task :middleware => :environment do
+  ActionController::Dispatcher.middleware.active.each do |middleware|
+    puts "use #{middleware.inspect}"
+  end
+  puts "run ActionController::Dispatcher.new"
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/misc.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/misc.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb2fc31dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/misc.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+task :default => :test
+task :environment do
+  $rails_rake_task = true
+  require(File.join(RAILS_ROOT, 'config', 'environment'))
+end
+
+task :rails_env do
+  unless defined? RAILS_ENV
+    RAILS_ENV = ENV['RAILS_ENV'] ||= 'development'
+  end
+end
+
+desc 'Generate a crytographically secure secret key. This is typically used to generate a secret for cookie sessions.'
+task :secret do
+  require 'active_support/secure_random'
+  puts ActiveSupport::SecureRandom.hex(64)
+end
+
+namespace :time do
+  namespace :zones do
+    desc 'Displays names of all time zones recognized by the Rails TimeZone class, grouped by offset. Results can be filtered with optional OFFSET parameter, e.g., OFFSET=-6'
+    task :all do
+      build_time_zone_list(:all)
+    end
+    
+    desc 'Displays names of US time zones recognized by the Rails TimeZone class, grouped by offset. Results can be filtered with optional OFFSET parameter, e.g., OFFSET=-6'
+    task :us do
+      build_time_zone_list(:us_zones)
+    end
+    
+    desc 'Displays names of time zones recognized by the Rails TimeZone class with the same offset as the system local time'
+    task :local do
+      require 'active_support'
+      require 'active_support/time'
+      jan_offset = Time.now.beginning_of_year.utc_offset
+      jul_offset = Time.now.beginning_of_year.change(:month => 7).utc_offset
+      offset = jan_offset < jul_offset ? jan_offset : jul_offset
+      build_time_zone_list(:all, offset)
+    end
+    
+    # to find UTC -06:00 zones, OFFSET can be set to either -6, -6:00 or 21600
+    def build_time_zone_list(method, offset = ENV['OFFSET'])
+      require 'active_support'
+      require 'active_support/time'
+      if offset
+        offset = if offset.to_s.match(/(\+|-)?(\d+):(\d+)/)
+          sign = $1 == '-' ? -1 : 1
+          hours, minutes = $2.to_f, $3.to_f
+          ((hours * 3600) + (minutes.to_f * 60)) * sign
+        elsif offset.to_f.abs <= 13
+          offset.to_f * 3600
+        else
+          offset.to_f
+        end
+      end
+      previous_offset = nil
+      ActiveSupport::TimeZone.__send__(method).each do |zone|
+        if offset.nil? || offset == zone.utc_offset
+          puts "\n* UTC #{zone.formatted_offset} *" unless zone.utc_offset == previous_offset
+          puts zone.name
+          previous_offset = zone.utc_offset
+        end
+      end
+      puts "\n"
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/routes.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/routes.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abbf3258c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/routes.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+desc 'Print out all defined routes in match order, with names. Target specific controller with CONTROLLER=x.'
+task :routes => :environment do
+  all_routes = ENV['CONTROLLER'] ? ActionController::Routing::Routes.routes.select { |route| route.defaults[:controller] == ENV['CONTROLLER'] } : ActionController::Routing::Routes.routes
+  routes = all_routes.collect do |route|
+    name = ActionController::Routing::Routes.named_routes.routes.index(route).to_s
+    verb = route.conditions[:method].to_s.upcase
+    segs = route.segments.inject("") { |str,s| str << s.to_s }
+    segs.chop! if segs.length > 1
+    reqs = route.requirements.empty? ? "" : route.requirements.inspect
+    {:name => name, :verb => verb, :segs => segs, :reqs => reqs}
+  end
+  name_width = routes.collect {|r| r[:name]}.collect {|n| n.length}.max
+  verb_width = routes.collect {|r| r[:verb]}.collect {|v| v.length}.max
+  segs_width = routes.collect {|r| r[:segs]}.collect {|s| s.length}.max
+  routes.each do |r|
+    puts "#{r[:name].rjust(name_width)} #{r[:verb].ljust(verb_width)} #{r[:segs].ljust(segs_width)} #{r[:reqs]}"
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/statistics.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/statistics.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2dcc7bdf9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/statistics.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+STATS_DIRECTORIES = [
+  %w(Controllers        app/controllers),
+  %w(Helpers            app/helpers), 
+  %w(Models             app/models),
+  %w(Libraries          lib/),
+  %w(APIs               app/apis),
+  %w(Integration\ tests test/integration),
+  %w(Functional\ tests  test/functional),
+  %w(Unit\ tests        test/unit)
+
+].collect { |name, dir| [ name, "#{RAILS_ROOT}/#{dir}" ] }.select { |name, dir| File.directory?(dir) }
+
+desc "Report code statistics (KLOCs, etc) from the application"
+task :stats do
+  require 'rails/code_statistics'
+  CodeStatistics.new(*STATS_DIRECTORIES).to_s
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/testing.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/testing.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fd5e52a05b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/testing.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+TEST_CHANGES_SINCE = Time.now - 600
+
+# Look up tests for recently modified sources.
+def recent_tests(source_pattern, test_path, touched_since = 10.minutes.ago)
+  FileList[source_pattern].map do |path|
+    if File.mtime(path) > touched_since
+      tests = []
+      source_dir = File.dirname(path).split("/")
+      source_file = File.basename(path, '.rb')
+
+      # Support subdirs in app/models and app/controllers
+      modified_test_path = source_dir.length > 2 ? "#{test_path}/" << source_dir[1..source_dir.length].join('/') : test_path
+
+      # For modified files in app/ run the tests for it. ex. /test/functional/account_controller.rb
+      test = "#{modified_test_path}/#{source_file}_test.rb"
+      tests.push test if File.exist?(test)
+
+      # For modified files in app, run tests in subdirs too. ex. /test/functional/account/*_test.rb
+      test = "#{modified_test_path}/#{File.basename(path, '.rb').sub("_controller","")}"
+      FileList["#{test}/*_test.rb"].each { |f| tests.push f } if File.exist?(test)
+
+      return tests
+
+    end
+  end.flatten.compact
+end
+
+
+# Recreated here from ActiveSupport because :uncommitted needs it before Rails is available
+module Kernel
+  def silence_stderr
+    old_stderr = STDERR.dup
+    STDERR.reopen(RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /(:?mswin|mingw)/ ? 'NUL:' : '/dev/null')
+    STDERR.sync = true
+    yield
+  ensure
+    STDERR.reopen(old_stderr)
+  end
+end
+
+desc 'Run all unit, functional and integration tests'
+task :test do
+  errors = %w(test:units test:functionals test:integration).collect do |task|
+    begin
+      Rake::Task[task].invoke
+      nil
+    rescue => e
+      task
+    end
+  end.compact
+  abort "Errors running #{errors.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}!" if errors.any?
+end
+
+namespace :test do
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:recent => "db:test:prepare") do |t|
+    since = TEST_CHANGES_SINCE
+    touched = FileList['test/**/*_test.rb'].select { |path| File.mtime(path) > since } +
+      recent_tests('app/models/**/*.rb', 'test/unit', since) +
+      recent_tests('app/controllers/**/*.rb', 'test/functional', since)
+
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.test_files = touched.uniq
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:recent'].comment = "Test recent changes"
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:uncommitted => "db:test:prepare") do |t|
+    def t.file_list
+      if File.directory?(".svn")
+        changed_since_checkin = silence_stderr { `svn status` }.map { |path| path.chomp[7 .. -1] }
+      elsif File.directory?(".git")
+        changed_since_checkin = silence_stderr { `git ls-files --modified --others` }.map { |path| path.chomp }
+      else
+        abort "Not a Subversion or Git checkout."
+      end
+
+      models      = changed_since_checkin.select { |path| path =~ /app[\\\/]models[\\\/].*\.rb$/ }
+      controllers = changed_since_checkin.select { |path| path =~ /app[\\\/]controllers[\\\/].*\.rb$/ }
+
+      unit_tests       = models.map { |model| "test/unit/#{File.basename(model, '.rb')}_test.rb" }
+      functional_tests = controllers.map { |controller| "test/functional/#{File.basename(controller, '.rb')}_test.rb" }
+
+      unit_tests.uniq + functional_tests.uniq
+    end
+
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:uncommitted'].comment = "Test changes since last checkin (only Subversion and Git)"
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:units => "db:test:prepare") do |t|
+    t.libs << "test"
+    t.pattern = 'test/unit/**/*_test.rb'
+    t.verbose = true
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:units'].comment = "Run the unit tests in test/unit"
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:functionals => "db:test:prepare") do |t|
+    t.libs << "test"
+    t.pattern = 'test/functional/**/*_test.rb'
+    t.verbose = true
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:functionals'].comment = "Run the functional tests in test/functional"
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:integration => "db:test:prepare") do |t|
+    t.libs << "test"
+    t.pattern = 'test/integration/**/*_test.rb'
+    t.verbose = true
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:integration'].comment = "Run the integration tests in test/integration"
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:benchmark => 'db:test:prepare') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.pattern = 'test/performance/**/*_test.rb'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.options = '-- --benchmark'
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:benchmark'].comment = 'Benchmark the performance tests'
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:profile => 'db:test:prepare') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.pattern = 'test/performance/**/*_test.rb'
+    t.verbose = true
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:profile'].comment = 'Profile the performance tests'
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new(:plugins => :environment) do |t|
+    t.libs << "test"
+
+    if ENV['PLUGIN']
+      t.pattern = "vendor/plugins/#{ENV['PLUGIN']}/test/**/*_test.rb"
+    else
+      t.pattern = 'vendor/plugins/*/**/test/**/*_test.rb'
+    end
+
+    t.verbose = true
+  end
+  Rake::Task['test:plugins'].comment = "Run the plugin tests in vendor/plugins/*/**/test (or specify with PLUGIN=name)"
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/tasks/tmp.rake b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/tmp.rake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fea15058bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/tasks/tmp.rake
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+namespace :tmp do
+  desc "Clear session, cache, and socket files from tmp/"
+  task :clear => [ "tmp:sessions:clear",  "tmp:cache:clear", "tmp:sockets:clear"]
+
+  desc "Creates tmp directories for sessions, cache, sockets, and pids"
+  task :create do
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p(%w( tmp/sessions tmp/cache tmp/sockets tmp/pids ))
+  end
+
+  namespace :sessions do
+    desc "Clears all files in tmp/sessions"
+    task :clear do
+      FileUtils.rm(Dir['tmp/sessions/[^.]*'])
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :cache do
+    desc "Clears all files and directories in tmp/cache"
+    task :clear do
+      FileUtils.rm_rf(Dir['tmp/cache/[^.]*'])
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :sockets do
+    desc "Clears all files in tmp/sockets"
+    task :clear do
+      FileUtils.rm(Dir['tmp/sockets/[^.]*'])
+    end
+  end
+
+  namespace :pids do
+    desc "Clears all files in tmp/pids"
+    task :clear do
+      FileUtils.rm(Dir['tmp/pids/[^.]*'])
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/test_help.rb b/railties/lib/rails/test_help.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bd4475c7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/test_help.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# Make double-sure the RAILS_ENV is set to test,
+# so fixtures are loaded to the right database
+silence_warnings { RAILS_ENV = "test" }
+
+require 'rubygems'
+gem "rack", "~> 1.0.0"
+gem "rack-test", "~> 0.5.0"
+
+require 'test/unit'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/requires'
+require 'action_view/test_case'
+require 'action_mailer/test_case' if defined?(ActionMailer)
+
+if defined?(ActiveRecord)
+  require 'active_record/test_case'
+  require 'active_record/fixtures'
+
+  class ActiveSupport::TestCase
+    include ActiveRecord::TestFixtures
+    self.fixture_path = "#{RAILS_ROOT}/test/fixtures/"
+    self.use_instantiated_fixtures  = false
+    self.use_transactional_fixtures = true
+  end
+
+  ActionController::IntegrationTest.fixture_path = ActiveSupport::TestCase.fixture_path
+
+  def create_fixtures(*table_names, &block)
+    Fixtures.create_fixtures(ActiveSupport::TestCase.fixture_path, table_names, {}, &block)
+  end
+end
+
+begin
+  require_library_or_gem 'ruby-debug'
+  Debugger.start
+  if Debugger.respond_to?(:settings)
+    Debugger.settings[:autoeval] = true
+    Debugger.settings[:autolist] = 1
+  end
+rescue LoadError
+  # ruby-debug wasn't available so neither can the debugging be
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/LICENSE b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..41decca113
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) 2009 Engine Yard
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/README.markdown b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/README.markdown
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26863e96f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/README.markdown
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+## Bundler : A gem to bundle gems
+
+    Github:       http://github.com/wycats/bundler
+    Mailing list: http://groups.google.com/group/ruby-bundler
+    IRC:          #carlhuda on freenode
+
+## Intro
+
+Bundler is a tool that manages gem dependencies for your ruby application. It
+takes a gem manifest file and is able to fetch, download, and install the gems
+and all child dependencies specified in this manifest. It can manage any update
+to the gem manifest file and update the bundled gems accordingly. It also lets
+you run any ruby code in context of the bundled gem environment.
+
+## Disclaimer
+
+This project is under rapid development. It is usable today, but there will be
+many changes in the near future, including to the Gemfile DSL. We will bump up
+versions with changes though. We greatly appreciate feedback.
+
+## Installation
+
+Bundler has no dependencies. Just clone the git repository and install the gem
+with the following rake task:
+
+    rake install
+
+## Usage
+
+Bundler requires a gem manifest file to be created. This should be a file named
+`Gemfile` located in the root directory of your application. After the manifest
+has been created, in your shell, cd into your application's directory and run
+`gem bundle`. This will start the bundling process.
+
+### Manifest file
+
+This is where you specify all of your application's dependencies. By default
+this should be in a file named `Gemfile` located in your application's root
+directory. The following is an example of a potential `Gemfile`. For more
+information, please refer to Bundler::ManifestBuilder.
+
+    # Specify a dependency on rails. When the bundler downloads gems,
+    # it will download rails as well as all of rails' dependencies (such as
+    # activerecord, actionpack, etc...)
+    #
+    # At least one dependency must be specified
+    gem "rails"
+
+    # Specify a dependency on rack v.1.0.0. The version is optional. If present,
+    # it can be specified the same way as with rubygems' #gem method.
+    gem "rack", "1.0.0"
+
+    # Specify a dependency rspec, but only activate that gem in the "testing"
+    # environment (read more about environments later). :except is also a valid
+    # option to specify environment restrictions.
+    gem "rspec", :only => :testing
+
+    # Add http://gems.github.com as a source that the bundler will use
+    # to find gems listed in the manifest. By default,
+    # http://gems.rubyforge.org is already added to the list.
+    #
+    # This is an optional setting.
+    source "http://gems.github.com"
+
+    # Specify where the bundled gems should be stashed. This directory will
+    # be a gem repository where all gems are downloaded to and installed to.
+    #
+    # This is an optional setting.
+    # The default is: vendor/gems
+    bundle_path "my/bundled/gems"
+
+    # Specify where gem executables should be copied to.
+    #
+    # This is an optional setting.
+    # The default is: bin
+    bin_path "my/executables"
+
+    # Specify that rubygems should be completely disabled. This means that it
+    # will be impossible to require it and that available gems will be
+    # limited exclusively to gems that have been bundled.
+    #
+    # The default is to automatically require rubygems. There is also a
+    # `disable_system_gems` option that will limit available rubygems to
+    # the ones that have been bundled.
+    disable_rubygems
+
+### Running Bundler
+
+Once a manifest file has been created, the only thing that needs to be done
+is to run the `gem bundle` command anywhere in your application. The script
+will load the manifest file, resole all the dependencies, download all
+needed gems, and install them into the specified directory.
+
+Every time an update is made to the manifest file, run `gem bundle` again to
+get the changes installed. This will only check the remote sources if your
+currently installed gems do not satisfy the `Gemfile`. If you want to force
+checking for updates on the remote sources, use the `--update` option.
+
+### Running your application
+
+The easiest way to run your application is to start it with an executable
+copied to the specified bin directory (by default, simply bin). For example,
+if the application in question is a rack app, start it with `bin/rackup`.
+This will automatically set the gem environment correctly.
+
+Another way to run arbitrary ruby code in context of the bundled gems is to
+run it with the `gem exec` command. For example:
+
+    gem exec ruby my_ruby_script.rb
+
+Yet another way is to manually require the environment file first. This is
+located in `[bundle_path]/environments/default.rb`. For example:
+
+    ruby -r vendor/gems/environment.rb my_ruby_script.rb
+
+### Using Bundler with Rails today
+
+It should be possible to use Bundler with Rails today. Here are the steps
+to follow.
+
+* In your rails app, create a Gemfile and specify the gems that your
+  application depends on. Make sure to specify rails as well:
+
+        gem "rails", "2.1.2"
+        gem "will_paginate"
+
+        # Optionally, you can disable system gems all together and only
+        # use bundled gems.
+        disable_system_gems
+
+* Run `gem bundle`
+
+* You can now use rails if you prepend `gem exec` to every call to `script/*`
+  but that isn't fun.
+
+* At the top of `config/boot.rb`, add the following line:
+
+        require File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'vendor', 'gems', 'environment'))
+
+In theory, this should be enough to get going.
+
+## To require rubygems or not
+
+Ideally, no gem would assume the presence of rubygems at runtime. Rubygems provides
+enough features so that this isn't necessary. However, there are a number of gems
+that require specific rubygem features.
+
+If the `disable_rubygems` option is used, Bundler will stub out the most common
+of these features, but it is possible that things will not go as intended quite
+yet. So, if you are brave, try your code without rubygems at runtime.
+
+## Known Issues
+
+* When a gem points to a git repository, the git repository will be cloned
+  every time Bundler does a gem dependency resolve.
+
+## Reporting bugs
+
+Please report all bugs on the github issue tracker for the project located
+at:
+
+    http://github.com/wycats/bundler/issues/
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/Rakefile b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/Rakefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc4c3d6d46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/Rakefile
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+require 'rubygems' unless ENV['NO_RUBYGEMS']
+require 'rubygems/specification'
+require 'date'
+
+spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+  s.name    = "bundler"
+  s.version = "0.5.0.pre"
+  s.author  = "Yehuda Katz"
+  s.email   = "wycats@gmail.com"
+  s.homepage = "http://github.com/wycats/bundler"
+  s.description = s.summary = "An easy way to vendor gem dependencies"
+
+  s.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
+  s.has_rdoc = true
+  s.extra_rdoc_files = ["README.markdown", "LICENSE"]
+
+  s.required_rubygems_version = ">= 1.3.5"
+
+  s.require_path = 'lib'
+  s.files = %w(LICENSE README.markdown Rakefile) + Dir.glob("lib/**/*")
+end
+
+task :default => :spec
+
+begin
+  require 'spec/rake/spectask'
+rescue LoadError
+  task(:spec) { $stderr.puts '`gem install rspec` to run specs' }
+else
+  desc "Run specs"
+  Spec::Rake::SpecTask.new do |t|
+    t.spec_files = FileList['spec/**/*_spec.rb'] - FileList['spec/fixtures/**/*_spec.rb']
+    t.spec_opts = %w(-fs --color)
+  end
+end
+
+begin
+  require 'rake/gempackagetask'
+rescue LoadError
+  task(:gem) { $stderr.puts '`gem install rake` to package gems' }
+else
+  Rake::GemPackageTask.new(spec) do |pkg|
+    pkg.gem_spec = spec
+  end
+end
+
+desc "install the gem locally"
+task :install => [:package] do
+  sh %{gem install pkg/#{spec.name}-#{spec.version}}
+end
+
+desc "create a gemspec file"
+task :make_spec do
+  File.open("#{spec.name}.gemspec", "w") do |file|
+    file.puts spec.to_ruby
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1ede3517dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+require 'pathname'
+require 'logger'
+require 'set'
+require 'erb'
+# Required elements of rubygems
+require "rubygems/remote_fetcher"
+require "rubygems/installer"
+
+require "bundler/gem_bundle"
+require "bundler/source"
+require "bundler/finder"
+require "bundler/gem_ext"
+require "bundler/resolver"
+require "bundler/environment"
+require "bundler/dsl"
+require "bundler/cli"
+require "bundler/repository"
+require "bundler/dependency"
+
+module Bundler
+  VERSION = "0.5.0"
+
+  class << self
+    attr_writer :logger
+
+    def logger
+      @logger ||= begin
+        logger = Logger.new(STDOUT, Logger::INFO)
+        logger.formatter = proc {|_,_,_,msg| "#{msg}\n" }
+        logger
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/cli.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/cli.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df9181fbc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/cli.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+require "optparse"
+
+module Bundler
+  class CLI
+    def self.run(command, options = {})
+      new(options).run(command)
+    rescue DefaultManifestNotFound => e
+      Bundler.logger.error "Could not find a Gemfile to use"
+      exit 2
+    rescue InvalidEnvironmentName => e
+      Bundler.logger.error "Gemfile error: #{e.message}"
+      exit
+    rescue InvalidRepository => e
+      Bundler.logger.error e.message
+      exit
+    rescue VersionConflict => e
+      Bundler.logger.error e.message
+      exit
+    rescue GemNotFound => e
+      Bundler.logger.error e.message
+      exit
+    end
+
+    def initialize(options)
+      @options = options
+      @manifest = Bundler::Environment.load(@options[:manifest])
+    end
+
+    def bundle
+      @manifest.install(@options[:update])
+    end
+
+    def exec
+      @manifest.setup_environment
+      # w0t?
+      super(*@options[:args])
+    end
+
+    def run(command)
+      send(command)
+    end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/commands/bundle_command.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/commands/bundle_command.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a1f9590f75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/commands/bundle_command.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+class Gem::Commands::BundleCommand < Gem::Command
+
+  def initialize
+    super('bundle', 'Create a gem bundle based on your Gemfile', {:manifest => nil, :update => false})
+
+    add_option('-m', '--manifest MANIFEST', "Specify the path to the manifest file") do |manifest, options|
+      options[:manifest] = manifest
+    end
+
+    add_option('-u', '--update', "Force a remote check for newer gems") do
+      options[:update] = true
+    end
+  end
+
+  def usage
+    "#{program_name}"
+  end
+
+  def description # :nodoc:
+    <<-EOF
+Bundle stuff
+    EOF
+  end
+
+  def execute
+    # Prevent the bundler from getting required unless it is actually being used
+    require 'bundler'
+    Bundler::CLI.run(:bundle, options)
+  end
+
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/commands/exec_command.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/commands/exec_command.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..228aa60619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/commands/exec_command.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+class Gem::Commands::ExecCommand < Gem::Command
+
+  def initialize
+    super('exec', 'Run a command in context of a gem bundle', {:manifest => nil})
+
+    add_option('-m', '--manifest MANIFEST', "Specify the path to the manifest file") do |manifest, options|
+      options[:manifest] = manifest
+    end
+  end
+
+  def usage
+    "#{program_name} COMMAND"
+  end
+
+  def arguments # :nodoc:
+    "COMMAND  command to run in context of the gem bundle"
+  end
+
+  def description # :nodoc:
+    <<-EOF.gsub('      ', '')
+      Run in context of a bundle
+    EOF
+  end
+
+  def execute
+    # Prevent the bundler from getting required unless it is actually being used
+    require 'bundler'
+    Bundler::CLI.run(:exec, options)
+  end
+
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/dependency.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/dependency.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b627b58662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/dependency.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+module Bundler
+  class InvalidEnvironmentName < StandardError; end
+
+  class Dependency
+    attr_reader :name, :version, :require_as, :only, :except
+
+    def initialize(name, options = {}, &block)
+      options.each do |k, v|
+        options[k.to_s] = v
+      end
+
+      @name       = name
+      @version    = options["version"] || ">= 0"
+      @require_as = Array(options["require_as"] || name)
+      @only       = options["only"]
+      @except     = options["except"]
+      @block      = block
+
+      if (@only && @only.include?("rubygems")) || (@except && @except.include?("rubygems"))
+        raise InvalidEnvironmentName, "'rubygems' is not a valid environment name"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def in?(environment)
+      environment = environment.to_s
+
+      return false unless !@only || @only.include?(environment)
+      return false if @except && @except.include?(environment)
+      true
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      to_gem_dependency.to_s
+    end
+
+    def require(environment)
+      return unless in?(environment)
+
+      @require_as.each do |file|
+        super(file)
+      end
+
+      @block.call if @block
+    end
+
+    def to_gem_dependency
+      @gem_dep ||= Gem::Dependency.new(name, version)
+    end
+
+    def ==(o)
+      [name, version, require_as, only, except] ==
+        [o.name, o.version, o.require_as, o.only, o.except]
+    end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/dsl.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/dsl.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9a86ee1fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/dsl.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+module Bundler
+  class ManifestFileNotFound < StandardError; end
+
+  class Dsl
+    def initialize(environment)
+      @environment = environment
+      @sources = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = {} }
+    end
+
+    def bundle_path(path)
+      path = Pathname.new(path)
+      @environment.gem_path = (path.relative? ?
+        @environment.root.join(path) : path).expand_path
+    end
+
+    def bin_path(path)
+      path = Pathname.new(path)
+      @environment.bindir = (path.relative? ?
+        @environment.root.join(path) : path).expand_path
+    end
+
+    def disable_rubygems
+      @environment.rubygems = false
+    end
+
+    def disable_system_gems
+      @environment.system_gems = false
+    end
+
+    def source(source)
+      source = GemSource.new(:uri => source)
+      unless @environment.sources.include?(source)
+        @environment.add_source(source)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def only(env)
+      old, @only = @only, _combine_onlys(env)
+      yield
+      @only = old
+    end
+
+    def except(env)
+      old, @except = @except, _combine_excepts(env)
+      yield
+      @except = old
+    end
+
+    def clear_sources
+      @environment.clear_sources
+    end
+
+    def gem(name, *args)
+      options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+      version = args.last
+
+      options[:only] = _combine_onlys(options[:only] || options["only"])
+      options[:except] = _combine_excepts(options[:except] || options["except"])
+
+      dep = Dependency.new(name, options.merge(:version => version))
+
+      # OMG REFACTORZ. KTHX
+      if vendored_at = options[:vendored_at]
+        vendored_at = Pathname.new(vendored_at)
+        vendored_at = @environment.filename.dirname.join(vendored_at) if vendored_at.relative?
+
+        @sources[:directory][vendored_at.to_s] ||= begin
+          source = DirectorySource.new(
+            :name     => name,
+            :version  => version,
+            :location => vendored_at
+          )
+          @environment.add_priority_source(source)
+          true
+        end
+      elsif git = options[:git]
+        @sources[:git][git] ||= begin
+          source = GitSource.new(
+            :name    => name,
+            :version => version,
+            :uri     => git,
+            :ref     => options[:commit] || options[:tag],
+            :branch  => options[:branch]
+          )
+          @environment.add_priority_source(source)
+          true
+        end
+      end
+
+      @environment.dependencies << dep
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def _combine_onlys(only)
+      return @only unless only
+      only = [only].flatten.compact.uniq.map { |o| o.to_s }
+      only &= @only if @only
+      only
+    end
+
+    def _combine_excepts(except)
+      return @except unless except
+      except = [except].flatten.compact.uniq.map { |o| o.to_s }
+      except |= @except if @except
+      except
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/environment.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/environment.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f07a9e2c6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/environment.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+require "rubygems/source_index"
+
+module Bundler
+  class DefaultManifestNotFound < StandardError; end
+
+  class Environment
+    attr_reader :filename, :dependencies
+    attr_accessor :rubygems, :system_gems, :gem_path, :bindir
+
+    def self.load(gemfile = nil)
+      gemfile = gemfile ? Pathname.new(gemfile) : default_manifest_file
+
+      unless gemfile.file?
+        raise ManifestFileNotFound, "#{filename.inspect} does not exist"
+      end
+
+      new(gemfile)
+    end
+
+    def self.default_manifest_file
+      current = Pathname.new(Dir.pwd)
+
+      until current.root?
+        filename = current.join("Gemfile")
+        return filename if filename.exist?
+        current = current.parent
+      end
+
+      raise DefaultManifestNotFound
+    end
+
+    def initialize(filename) #, sources, dependencies, bindir, path, rubygems, system_gems)
+      @filename         = filename
+      @default_sources  = [GemSource.new(:uri => "http://gems.rubyforge.org")]
+      @sources          = []
+      @priority_sources = []
+      @dependencies     = []
+      @rubygems         = true
+      @system_gems      = true
+
+      # Evaluate the Gemfile
+      builder = Dsl.new(self)
+      builder.instance_eval(File.read(filename))
+    end
+
+    def install(update = false)
+      begin
+        tmp_path = filename.dirname.join(".tmp")
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p(tmp_path)
+        sources.each { |s| s.tmp_path = tmp_path }
+        repository.install(gem_dependencies, sources,
+          :rubygems    => rubygems,
+          :system_gems => system_gems,
+          :manifest    => filename,
+          :update      => update
+        )
+      ensure
+        FileUtils.rm_rf(tmp_path)
+      end
+      Bundler.logger.info "Done."
+    end
+
+    def setup_environment
+      unless system_gems
+        ENV["GEM_HOME"] = gem_path
+        ENV["GEM_PATH"] = gem_path
+      end
+      ENV["PATH"]     = "#{bindir}:#{ENV["PATH"]}"
+      ENV["RUBYOPT"]  = "-r#{gem_path}/environment #{ENV["RUBYOPT"]}"
+    end
+
+    def root
+      filename.parent
+    end
+
+    def gem_path
+      @gem_path ||= root.join("vendor", "gems")
+    end
+
+    def bindir
+      @bindir ||= root.join("bin")
+    end
+
+    def sources
+      @priority_sources + @sources + @default_sources
+    end
+
+    def add_source(source)
+      @sources << source
+    end
+
+    def add_priority_source(source)
+      @priority_sources << source
+    end
+
+    def clear_sources
+      @sources.clear
+      @default_sources.clear
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def repository
+      @repository ||= Repository.new(gem_path, bindir)
+    end
+
+    def gem_dependencies
+      @gem_dependencies ||= dependencies.map { |d| d.to_gem_dependency }
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/finder.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/finder.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b77ca65709
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/finder.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+module Bundler
+  # Finder behaves like a rubygems source index in that it responds
+  # to #search. It also resolves a list of dependencies finding the
+  # best possible configuration of gems that satisifes all requirements
+  # without causing any gem activation errors.
+  class Finder
+
+    # Takes an array of gem sources and fetches the full index of
+    # gems from each one. It then combines the indexes together keeping
+    # track of the original source so that any resolved gem can be
+    # fetched from the correct source.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # *sources<String>:: URI pointing to the gem repository
+    def initialize(*sources)
+      @cache   = {}
+      @index   = {}
+      @sources = sources
+    end
+
+    # Searches for a gem that matches the dependency
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # dependency<Gem::Dependency>:: The gem dependency to search for
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # [Gem::Specification]:: A collection of gem specifications
+    #   matching the search
+    def search(dependency)
+      @cache[dependency.hash] ||= begin
+        find_by_name(dependency.name).select do |spec|
+          dependency =~ spec
+        end.sort_by {|s| s.version }
+      end
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def find_by_name(name)
+      matches = @index[name] ||= begin
+        versions = {}
+        @sources.reverse_each do |source|
+          versions.merge! source.specs[name] || {}
+        end
+        versions
+      end
+      matches.values
+    end
+
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/gem_bundle.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/gem_bundle.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80d7710683
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/gem_bundle.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module Bundler
+  class GemBundle < Array
+    def download(repository)
+      sort_by {|s| s.full_name.downcase }.each do |spec|
+        spec.source.download(spec, repository)
+      end
+
+      self
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/gem_ext.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/gem_ext.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..155ad04c7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/gem_ext.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+module Gem
+  class Installer
+    def app_script_text(bin_file_name)
+      path = @gem_home
+      template = File.read(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "templates", "app_script.erb"))
+      erb = ERB.new(template, nil, '-')
+      erb.result(binding)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class Specification
+    attr_accessor :source
+    attr_accessor :location
+
+    # Hack to fix github's strange marshal file
+    def specification_version
+      @specification_version && @specification_version.to_i
+    end
+
+    alias full_gem_path_without_location full_gem_path
+    def full_gem_path
+      @location ? @location : full_gem_path_without_location
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1a1dc7497d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+require "bundler/repository/gem_repository"
+require "bundler/repository/directory_repository"
+
+module Bundler
+  class InvalidRepository < StandardError ; end
+
+  class Repository
+    attr_reader :path
+
+    def initialize(path, bindir)
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p(path)
+
+      @path   = Pathname.new(path)
+      @bindir = Pathname.new(bindir)
+
+      @repos = {
+        :gem       => Gems.new(@path, @bindir),
+        :directory => Directory.new(@path.join("dirs"), @bindir)
+      }
+    end
+
+    def install(dependencies, sources, options = {})
+      if options[:update] || !satisfies?(dependencies)
+        fetch(dependencies, sources)
+        expand(options)
+      else
+        # Remove any gems that are still around if the Gemfile changed without
+        # requiring new gems to be download (e.g. a line in the Gemfile was
+        # removed)
+        cleanup(Resolver.resolve(dependencies, [source_index]))
+      end
+      configure(options)
+      sync
+    end
+
+    def gems
+      gems = []
+      each_repo do |repo|
+        gems.concat repo.gems
+      end
+      gems
+    end
+
+    def satisfies?(dependencies)
+      index = source_index
+      dependencies.all? { |dep| index.search(dep).size > 0 }
+    end
+
+    def source_index
+      index = Gem::SourceIndex.new
+
+      each_repo do |repo|
+        index.gems.merge!(repo.source_index.gems)
+      end
+
+      index
+    end
+
+    def add_spec(type, spec)
+      @repos[type].add_spec(spec)
+    end
+
+    def download_path_for(type)
+      @repos[type].download_path_for
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def cleanup(bundle)
+      each_repo do |repo|
+        repo.cleanup(bundle)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def each_repo
+      @repos.each do |k, repo|
+        yield repo
+      end
+    end
+
+    def fetch(dependencies, sources)
+      bundle = Resolver.resolve(dependencies, sources)
+      # Cleanup here to remove any gems that could cause problem in the expansion
+      # phase
+      #
+      # TODO: Try to avoid double cleanup
+      cleanup(bundle)
+      bundle.download(self)
+    end
+
+    def sync
+      glob = gems.map { |g| g.executables }.flatten.join(',')
+
+      (Dir[@bindir.join("*")] - Dir[@bindir.join("{#{glob}}")]).each do |file|
+        Bundler.logger.info "Deleting bin file: #{File.basename(file)}"
+        FileUtils.rm_rf(file)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def expand(options)
+      each_repo do |repo|
+        repo.expand(options)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def configure(options)
+      generate_environment(options)
+    end
+
+    def generate_environment(options)
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p(path)
+
+      specs      = gems
+      load_paths = load_paths_for_specs(specs)
+      bindir     = @bindir.relative_path_from(path).to_s
+      filename   = options[:manifest].relative_path_from(path).to_s
+      spec_files = specs.inject({}) do |hash, spec|
+        relative = spec.loaded_from.relative_path_from(@path).to_s
+        hash.merge!(spec.name => relative)
+      end
+
+      File.open(path.join("environment.rb"), "w") do |file|
+        template = File.read(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "templates", "environment.erb"))
+        erb = ERB.new(template, nil, '-')
+        file.puts erb.result(binding)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def load_paths_for_specs(specs)
+      load_paths = []
+      specs.each do |spec|
+        gem_path = Pathname.new(spec.full_gem_path)
+        if spec.bindir
+          load_paths << gem_path.join(spec.bindir).relative_path_from(@path).to_s
+        end
+        spec.require_paths.each do |path|
+          load_paths << gem_path.join(path).relative_path_from(@path).to_s
+        end
+      end
+      load_paths
+    end
+
+    def require_code(file, dep)
+      constraint = case
+      when dep.only   then %{ if #{dep.only.inspect}.include?(env)}
+      when dep.except then %{ unless #{dep.except.inspect}.include?(env)}
+      end
+      "require #{file.inspect}#{constraint}"
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository/directory_repository.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository/directory_repository.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e97dd38dd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository/directory_repository.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+module Bundler
+  class Repository
+    class Directory
+      attr_reader :path, :bindir
+
+      def initialize(path, bindir)
+        @path   = path
+        @bindir = bindir
+
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p(path.to_s)
+      end
+
+      def source_index
+        index = Gem::SourceIndex.from_gems_in(@path.join("specifications"))
+        index.each { |n, spec| spec.loaded_from = @path.join("specifications", "#{spec.full_name}.gemspec") }
+        index
+      end
+
+      def gems
+        source_index.gems.values
+      end
+
+      def add_spec(spec)
+        destination = path.join('specifications')
+        destination.mkdir unless destination.exist?
+
+        File.open(destination.join("#{spec.full_name}.gemspec"), 'w') do |f|
+          f.puts spec.to_ruby
+        end
+      end
+
+      def download_path_for
+        @path.join("dirs")
+      end
+
+      # Checks whether a gem is installed
+      def expand(options)
+        # raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      def cleanup(gems)
+        # raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository/gem_repository.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository/gem_repository.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..90de49d83d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/repository/gem_repository.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+module Bundler
+  class Repository
+    class Gems
+      attr_reader :path, :bindir
+
+      def initialize(path, bindir)
+        @path   = path
+        @bindir = bindir
+      end
+
+      # Returns the source index for all gems installed in the
+      # repository
+      def source_index
+        index = Gem::SourceIndex.from_gems_in(@path.join("specifications"))
+        index.each { |n, spec| spec.loaded_from = @path.join("specifications", "#{spec.full_name}.gemspec") }
+        index
+      end
+
+      def gems
+        source_index.gems.values
+      end
+
+      # Checks whether a gem is installed
+      def expand(options)
+        cached_gems.each do |name, version|
+          unless installed?(name, version)
+            install_cached_gem(name, version, options)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def cleanup(gems)
+        glob = gems.map { |g| g.full_name }.join(',')
+        base = path.join("{cache,specifications,gems}")
+
+        (Dir[base.join("*")] - Dir[base.join("{#{glob}}{.gemspec,.gem,}")]).each do |file|
+          if File.basename(file) =~ /\.gem$/
+            name = File.basename(file, '.gem')
+            Bundler.logger.info "Deleting gem: #{name}"
+          end
+          FileUtils.rm_rf(file)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def add_spec(spec)
+        raise NotImplementedError
+      end
+
+      def download_path_for
+        path
+      end
+
+    private
+
+      def cache_path
+        @path.join("cache")
+      end
+
+      def cache_files
+        Dir[cache_path.join("*.gem")]
+      end
+
+      def cached_gems
+        cache_files.map do |f|
+          full_name = File.basename(f).gsub(/\.gem$/, '')
+          full_name.split(/-(?=[^-]+$)/)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def spec_path
+        @path.join("specifications")
+      end
+
+      def spec_files
+        Dir[spec_path.join("*.gemspec")]
+      end
+
+      def gem_path
+        @path.join("gems")
+      end
+
+      def gem_paths
+        Dir[gem_path.join("*")]
+      end
+
+      def installed?(name, version)
+        spec_files.any? { |g| File.basename(g) == "#{name}-#{version}.gemspec" } &&
+          gem_paths.any? { |g| File.basename(g) == "#{name}-#{version}" }
+      end
+
+      def install_cached_gem(name, version, options = {})
+        cached_gem = cache_path.join("#{name}-#{version}.gem")
+        # TODO: Add a warning if cached_gem is not a file
+        if cached_gem.file?
+          Bundler.logger.info "Installing #{name}-#{version}.gem"
+          installer = Gem::Installer.new(cached_gem.to_s, options.merge(
+            :install_dir         => @path,
+            :ignore_dependencies => true,
+            :env_shebang         => true,
+            :wrappers            => true,
+            :bin_dir             => @bindir
+          ))
+          installer.install
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/resolver.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/resolver.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a6a6371c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/resolver.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# This is the latest iteration of the gem dependency resolving algorithm. As of now,
+# it can resolve (as a success of failure) any set of gem dependencies we throw at it
+# in a reasonable amount of time. The most iterations I've seen it take is about 150.
+# The actual implementation of the algorithm is not as good as it could be yet, but that
+# can come later.
+
+# Extending Gem classes to add necessary tracking information
+module Gem
+  class Dependency
+    def required_by
+      @required_by ||= []
+    end
+  end
+  class Specification
+    def required_by
+      @required_by ||= []
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+module Bundler
+  class GemNotFound < StandardError; end
+  class VersionConflict < StandardError; end
+
+  class Resolver
+
+    attr_reader :errors
+
+    # Figures out the best possible configuration of gems that satisfies
+    # the list of passed dependencies and any child dependencies without
+    # causing any gem activation errors.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # *dependencies<Gem::Dependency>:: The list of dependencies to resolve
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # <GemBundle>,nil:: If the list of dependencies can be resolved, a
+    #   collection of gemspecs is returned. Otherwise, nil is returned.
+    def self.resolve(requirements, sources)
+      Bundler.logger.info "Calculating dependencies..."
+
+      resolver = new(sources)
+      result = catch(:success) do
+        resolver.resolve(requirements, {})
+        output = resolver.errors.inject("") do |o, (conflict, (origin, requirement))|
+          o << "  Conflict on: #{conflict.inspect}:\n"
+          o << "    * #{conflict} (#{origin.version}) activated by #{origin.required_by.first}\n"
+          o << "    * #{requirement} required by #{requirement.required_by.first}\n"
+          o << "    All possible versions of origin requirements conflict."
+        end
+        raise VersionConflict, "No compatible versions could be found for required dependencies:\n  #{output}"
+        nil
+      end
+      result && GemBundle.new(result.values)
+    end
+
+    def initialize(sources)
+      @errors = {}
+      @stack  = []
+      @specs  = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = {} }
+      @cache  = {}
+      @index  = {}
+
+      sources.reverse_each do |source|
+        source.gems.values.each do |spec|
+          # TMP HAX FOR OPTZ
+          spec.source = source
+          next unless Gem::Platform.match(spec.platform)
+          @specs[spec.name][spec.version] = spec
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def resolve(reqs, activated)
+      # If the requirements are empty, then we are in a success state. Aka, all
+      # gem dependencies have been resolved.
+      throw :success, activated if reqs.empty?
+
+      # Sort requirements so that the ones that are easiest to resolve are first.
+      # Easiest to resolve is defined by: Is this gem already activated? Otherwise,
+      # check the number of child dependencies this requirement has.
+      reqs = reqs.sort_by do |req|
+        activated[req.name] ? 0 : search(req).size
+      end
+
+      activated = activated.dup
+      # Pull off the first requirement so that we can resolve it
+      current   = reqs.shift
+
+      # Check if the gem has already been activated, if it has, we will make sure
+      # that the currently activated gem satisfies the requirement.
+      if existing = activated[current.name]
+        if current.version_requirements.satisfied_by?(existing.version)
+          @errors.delete(existing.name)
+          # Since the current requirement is satisfied, we can continue resolving
+          # the remaining requirements.
+          resolve(reqs, activated)
+        else
+          @errors[existing.name] = [existing, current]
+          # Since the current requirement conflicts with an activated gem, we need
+          # to backtrack to the current requirement's parent and try another version
+          # of it (maybe the current requirement won't be present anymore). If the
+          # current requirement is a root level requirement, we need to jump back to
+          # where the conflicting gem was activated.
+          parent = current.required_by.last || existing.required_by.last
+          # We track the spot where the current gem was activated because we need
+          # to keep a list of every spot a failure happened.
+          throw parent.name, existing.required_by.last.name
+        end
+      else
+        # There are no activated gems for the current requirement, so we are going
+        # to find all gems that match the current requirement and try them in decending
+        # order. We also need to keep a set of all conflicts that happen while trying
+        # this gem. This is so that if no versions work, we can figure out the best
+        # place to backtrack to.
+        conflicts = Set.new
+
+        # Fetch all gem versions matching the requirement
+        #
+        # TODO: Warn / error when no matching versions are found.
+        matching_versions = search(current)
+
+        if matching_versions.empty?
+          if current.required_by.empty?
+            raise GemNotFound, "Could not find gem '#{current}' in any of the sources"
+          end
+          Bundler.logger.warn "Could not find gem '#{current}' (required by '#{current.required_by.last}') in any of the sources"
+        end
+
+        matching_versions.reverse_each do |spec|
+          conflict = resolve_requirement(spec, current, reqs.dup, activated.dup)
+          conflicts << conflict if conflict
+        end
+        # If the current requirement is a root level gem and we have conflicts, we
+        # can figure out the best spot to backtrack to.
+        if current.required_by.empty? && !conflicts.empty?
+          # Check the current "catch" stack for the first one that is included in the
+          # conflicts set. That is where the parent of the conflicting gem was required.
+          # By jumping back to this spot, we can try other version of the parent of
+          # the conflicting gem, hopefully finding a combination that activates correctly.
+          @stack.reverse_each do |savepoint|
+            if conflicts.include?(savepoint)
+              throw savepoint
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def resolve_requirement(spec, requirement, reqs, activated)
+      # We are going to try activating the spec. We need to keep track of stack of
+      # requirements that got us to the point of activating this gem.
+      spec.required_by.replace requirement.required_by
+      spec.required_by << requirement
+
+      activated[spec.name] = spec
+
+      # Now, we have to loop through all child dependencies and add them to our
+      # array of requirements.
+      spec.dependencies.each do |dep|
+        next if dep.type == :development
+        dep.required_by << requirement
+        reqs << dep
+      end
+
+      # We create a savepoint and mark it by the name of the requirement that caused
+      # the gem to be activated. If the activated gem ever conflicts, we are able to
+      # jump back to this point and try another version of the gem.
+      length = @stack.length
+      @stack << requirement.name
+      retval = catch(requirement.name) do
+        resolve(reqs, activated)
+      end
+      # Since we're doing a lot of throw / catches. A push does not necessarily match
+      # up to a pop. So, we simply slice the stack back to what it was before the catch
+      # block.
+      @stack.slice!(length..-1)
+      retval
+    end
+
+    def search(dependency)
+      @cache[dependency.hash] ||= begin
+        @specs[dependency.name].values.select do |spec|
+          dependency =~ spec
+        end.sort_by {|s| s.version }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/runtime.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/runtime.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27e0254966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/runtime.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "runtime", "dsl")
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "runtime", "dependency")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/source.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/source.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..37828ca316
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/source.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+module Bundler
+  # Represents a source of rubygems. Initially, this is only gem repositories, but
+  # eventually, this will be git, svn, HTTP
+  class Source
+    attr_accessor :tmp_path
+  end
+
+  class GemSource < Source
+    attr_reader :uri
+
+    def initialize(options)
+      @uri = options[:uri]
+      @uri = URI.parse(@uri) unless @uri.is_a?(URI)
+      raise ArgumentError, "The source must be an absolute URI" unless @uri.absolute?
+    end
+
+    def gems
+      @specs ||= fetch_specs
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      uri == other.uri
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      @uri.to_s
+    end
+
+    class RubygemsRetardation < StandardError; end
+
+    def download(spec, repository)
+      Bundler.logger.info "Downloading #{spec.full_name}.gem"
+
+      destination = repository.download_path_for(:gem)
+
+      unless destination.writable?
+        raise RubygemsRetardation
+      end
+
+      Gem::RemoteFetcher.fetcher.download(spec, uri, repository.download_path_for(:gem))
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def fetch_specs
+      Bundler.logger.info "Updating source: #{to_s}"
+
+      deflated = Gem::RemoteFetcher.fetcher.fetch_path("#{uri}/Marshal.4.8.Z")
+      inflated = Gem.inflate deflated
+
+      index = Marshal.load(inflated)
+      index.gems
+    rescue Gem::RemoteFetcher::FetchError => e
+      raise ArgumentError, "#{to_s} is not a valid source: #{e.message}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  class DirectorySource < Source
+    def initialize(options)
+      @name          = options[:name]
+      @version       = options[:version]
+      @location      = options[:location]
+      @require_paths = options[:require_paths] || %w(lib)
+    end
+
+    def gems
+      @gems ||= begin
+        specs = {}
+
+        # Find any gemspec files in the directory and load those specs
+        Dir[@location.join('**', '*.gemspec')].each do |file|
+          path = Pathname.new(file).relative_path_from(@location).dirname
+          spec = eval(File.read(file))
+          spec.require_paths.map! { |p| path.join(p) }
+          specs[spec.full_name] = spec
+        end
+
+        # If a gemspec for the dependency was not found, add it to the list
+        if specs.keys.grep(/^#{Regexp.escape(@name)}/).empty?
+          case
+          when @version.nil?
+            raise ArgumentError, "If you use :at, you must specify the gem" \
+              "and version you wish to stand in for"
+          when !Gem::Version.correct?(@version)
+            raise ArgumentError, "If you use :at, you must specify a gem and" \
+              "version. You specified #{@version} for the version"
+          end
+
+          default = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+            s.name = @name
+            s.version = Gem::Version.new(@version) if @version
+          end
+          specs[default.full_name] = default
+        end
+
+        specs
+      end
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      # TMP HAX
+      other.is_a?(DirectorySource)
+    end
+
+    def to_s
+      "#{@name} (#{@version}) Located at: '#{@location}'"
+    end
+
+    def download(spec, repository)
+      spec.require_paths.map! { |p| File.join(@location, p) }
+      repository.add_spec(:directory, spec)
+    end
+  end
+
+  class GitSource < DirectorySource
+    def initialize(options)
+      super
+      @uri = options[:uri]
+      @ref = options[:ref]
+      @branch = options[:branch]
+    end
+
+    def gems
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p(tmp_path.join("gitz"))
+
+      # TMP HAX to get the *.gemspec reading to work
+      @location = tmp_path.join("gitz", @name)
+
+      Bundler.logger.info "Cloning git repository at: #{@uri}"
+      `git clone #{@uri} #{@location} --no-hardlinks`
+
+      if @ref
+        Dir.chdir(@location) { `git checkout #{@ref}` }
+      elsif @branch && @branch != "master"
+        Dir.chdir(@location) { `git checkout origin/#{@branch}` }
+      end
+      super
+    end
+
+    def download(spec, repository)
+      dest = repository.download_path_for(:directory).join(@name)
+      spec.require_paths.map! { |p| File.join(dest, p) }
+      repository.add_spec(:directory, spec)
+      if spec.name == @name
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p(dest.dirname)
+        FileUtils.mv(tmp_path.join("gitz", spec.name), dest)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/templates/app_script.erb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/templates/app_script.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3e47a53ca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/templates/app_script.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<%= shebang bin_file_name %>
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "<%= path.join("environment").relative_path_from(Pathname.new(bin_dir)) %>")
+load File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "<%= path.join("gems", @spec.full_name, @spec.bindir, bin_file_name).relative_path_from(Pathname.new(bin_dir)) %>")
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/templates/environment.erb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/templates/environment.erb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..21f3de8854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/bundler/lib/bundler/templates/environment.erb
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE
+module Bundler
+  dir = File.dirname(__FILE__)
+
+<% unless options[:system_gems] -%>
+  ENV["GEM_HOME"] = dir
+  ENV["GEM_PATH"] = dir
+<% end -%>
+  ENV["PATH"]     = "#{dir}/<%= bindir %>:#{ENV["PATH"]}"
+  ENV["RUBYOPT"]  = "-r#{__FILE__} #{ENV["RUBYOPT"]}"
+
+<% load_paths.each do |load_path| -%>
+  $LOAD_PATH.unshift File.expand_path("#{dir}/<%= load_path %>")
+<% end -%>
+
+  @gemfile = "#{dir}/<%= filename %>"
+
+<% if options[:rubygems] -%>
+  require "rubygems"
+
+  @bundled_specs = {}
+<% spec_files.each do |name, path| -%>
+  @bundled_specs["<%= name %>"] = eval(File.read("#{dir}/<%= path %>"))
+  @bundled_specs["<%= name %>"].loaded_from = "#{dir}/<%= path %>"
+<% end -%>
+
+  def self.add_specs_to_loaded_specs
+    Gem.loaded_specs.merge! @bundled_specs
+  end
+
+  def self.add_specs_to_index
+    @bundled_specs.each do |name, spec|
+      Gem.source_index.add_spec spec
+    end
+  end
+
+  add_specs_to_loaded_specs
+  add_specs_to_index
+<% end -%>
+
+  def self.require_env(env = nil)
+    context = Class.new do
+      def initialize(env) @env = env && env.to_s ; end
+      def method_missing(*) ; end
+      def only(env)
+        old, @only = @only, _combine_onlys(env)
+        yield
+        @only = old
+      end
+      def except(env)
+        old, @except = @except, _combine_excepts(env)
+        yield
+        @except = old
+      end
+      def gem(name, *args)
+        opt = args.last || {}
+        only = _combine_onlys(opt[:only] || opt["only"])
+        except = _combine_excepts(opt[:except] || opt["except"])
+        files = opt[:require_as] || opt["require_as"] || name
+
+        return unless !only || only.any? {|e| e == @env }
+        return if except && except.any? {|e| e == @env }
+
+        files.each { |f| require f }
+        yield if block_given?
+        true
+      end
+      private
+      def _combine_onlys(only)
+        return @only unless only
+        only = [only].flatten.compact.uniq.map { |o| o.to_s }
+        only &= @only if @only
+        only
+      end
+      def _combine_excepts(except)
+        return @except unless except
+        except = [except].flatten.compact.uniq.map { |o| o.to_s }
+        except |= @except if @except
+        except
+      end
+    end
+    context.new(env && env.to_s).instance_eval(File.read(@gemfile))
+  end
+end
+
+<% if options[:rubygems] -%>
+module Gem
+  def source_index.refresh!
+    super
+    Bundler.add_specs_to_index
+  end
+end
+<% else -%>
+$" << "rubygems.rb"
+
+module Kernel
+  def gem(*)
+    # Silently ignore calls to gem, since, in theory, everything
+    # is activated correctly already.
+  end
+end
+
+# Define all the Gem errors for gems that reference them.
+module Gem
+  def self.ruby ; <%= Gem.ruby.inspect %> ; end
+  class LoadError < ::LoadError; end
+  class Exception < RuntimeError; end
+  class CommandLineError < Exception; end
+  class DependencyError < Exception; end
+  class DependencyRemovalException < Exception; end
+  class GemNotInHomeException < Exception ; end
+  class DocumentError < Exception; end
+  class EndOfYAMLException < Exception; end
+  class FilePermissionError < Exception; end
+  class FormatException < Exception; end
+  class GemNotFoundException < Exception; end
+  class InstallError < Exception; end
+  class InvalidSpecificationException < Exception; end
+  class OperationNotSupportedError < Exception; end
+  class RemoteError < Exception; end
+  class RemoteInstallationCancelled < Exception; end
+  class RemoteInstallationSkipped < Exception; end
+  class RemoteSourceException < Exception; end
+  class VerificationError < Exception; end
+  class SystemExitException < SystemExit; end
+end
+<% end -%>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/CHANGELOG.rdoc b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/CHANGELOG.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dba25b7205
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/CHANGELOG.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+== TODO
+
+* Improve spec coverage for Thor::Runner
+
+== 0.11.x, released 2009-07-01
+
+* Added a rake compatibility layer. It allows you to use spec and rdoc tasks on
+  Thor classes.
+
+* BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE: aliases are not generated automatically anymore
+  since it wrong behavior to the invocation system.
+
+* thor help now show information about any class/task. All those calls are
+  possible:
+  
+    thor help describe
+    thor help describe:amazing
+
+  Or even with default namespaces:
+
+    thor help :spec
+
+* Thor::Runner now invokes the default task if none is supplied:
+
+    thor describe # invokes the default task, usually help
+
+* Thor::Runner now works with mappings:
+
+    thor describe -h
+
+* Added some documentation and code refactoring.
+
+== 0.9.8, released 2008-10-20
+
+* Fixed some tiny issues that were introduced lately.
+
+== 0.9.7, released 2008-10-13
+
+* Setting global method options on the initialize method works as expected:
+  All other tasks will accept these global options in addition to their own.
+* Added 'group' notion to Thor task sets (class Thor); by default all tasks
+  are in the 'standard' group. Running 'thor -T' will only show the standard
+  tasks - adding --all will show all tasks. You can also filter on a specific
+  group using the --group option: thor -T --group advanced
+  
+== 0.9.6, released 2008-09-13
+
+* Generic improvements
+
+== 0.9.5, released 2008-08-27
+
+* Improve Windows compatibility
+* Update (incorrect) README and task.thor sample file
+* Options hash is now frozen (once returned)
+* Allow magic predicates on options object. For instance: `options.force?`
+* Add support for :numeric type
+* BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE: Refactor Thor::Options. You cannot access shorthand forms in options hash anymore (for instance, options[:f])
+* Allow specifying optional args with default values: method_options(:user => "mislav")
+* Don't write options for nil or false values. This allows, for example, turning color off when running specs.
+* Exit with the status of the spec command to help CI stuff out some.
+
+== 0.9.4, released 2008-08-13
+
+* Try to add Windows compatibility.
+* BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE: options hash is now accessed as a property in your class and is not passed as last argument anymore
+* Allow options at the beginning of the argument list as well as the end.
+* Make options available with symbol keys in addition to string keys.
+* Allow true to be passed to Thor#method_options to denote a boolean option.
+* If loading a thor file fails, don't give up, just print a warning and keep going.
+* Make sure that we re-raise errors if they happened further down the pipe than we care about.
+* Only delete the old file on updating when the installation of the new one is a success
+* Make it Ruby 1.8.5 compatible.
+* Don't raise an error if a boolean switch is defined multiple times.
+* Thor::Options now doesn't parse through things that look like options but aren't.
+* Add URI detection to install task, and make sure we don't append ".thor" to URIs
+* Add rake2thor to the gem binfiles.
+* Make sure local Thorfiles override system-wide ones.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/LICENSE b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..98722da459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008 Yehuda Katz
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/README.rdoc b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/README.rdoc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1106f02b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/README.rdoc
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+= thor
+
+Map options to a class. Simply create a class with the appropriate annotations
+and have options automatically map to functions and parameters.
+
+Example:
+
+    class App < Thor                                                 # [1]
+      map "-L" => :list                                              # [2]
+      
+      desc "install APP_NAME", "install one of the available apps"   # [3]
+      method_options :force => :boolean, :alias => :string           # [4]
+      def install(name)
+        user_alias = options[:alias]
+        if options.force?
+          # do something
+        end
+        # other code
+      end
+      
+      desc "list [SEARCH]", "list all of the available apps, limited by SEARCH"
+      def list(search="")
+        # list everything
+      end
+    end
+
+Thor automatically maps commands as such:
+
+    thor app:install myname --force
+
+That gets converted to:
+
+    App.new.install("myname")
+    # with {'force' => true} as options hash
+
+1. Inherit from Thor to turn a class into an option mapper
+2. Map additional non-valid identifiers to specific methods. In this case, convert -L to :list
+3. Describe the method immediately below. The first parameter is the usage information, and the second parameter is the description
+4. Provide any additional options that will be available the instance method options.
+
+== Types for <tt>method_options</tt>
+
+* :boolean - is parsed as <tt>--option</tt> or <tt>--option=true</tt>
+* :string  - is parsed as <tt>--option=VALUE</tt>
+* :numeric - is parsed as <tt>--option=N</tt>
+* :array   - is parsed as <tt>--option=one two three</tt>
+* :hash    - is parsed as <tt>--option=name:string age:integer</tt>
+
+Besides, method_option allows a default value to be given, examples:
+
+    method_options :force => false
+    #=> Creates a boolean option with default value false
+
+    method_options :alias => "bar"
+    #=> Creates a string option with default value "bar"
+
+    method_options :threshold => 3.0
+    #=> Creates a numeric option with default value 3.0
+
+You can also supply <tt>:option => :required</tt> to mark an option as required. The
+type is assumed to be string. If you want a required hash with default values
+as option, you can use <tt>method_option</tt> which uses a more declarative style:
+
+    method_option :attributes, :type => :hash, :default => {}, :required => true
+
+All arguments can be set to nil (except required arguments), by suppling a no or
+skip variant. For example:
+
+    thor app name --no-attributes
+
+In previous versions, aliases for options were created automatically, but now
+they should be explicit. You can supply aliases in both short and declarative
+styles:
+
+    method_options %w( force -f ) => :boolean
+
+Or:
+
+    method_option :force, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-f"
+
+You can supply as many aliases as you want.
+
+NOTE: Type :optional available in Thor 0.9.0 was deprecated. Use :string or :boolean instead.
+
+== Namespaces
+
+By default, your Thor tasks are invoked using Ruby namespace. In the example
+above, tasks are invoked as:
+
+    thor app:install name --force
+
+However, you could namespace your class as:
+
+    module Sinatra
+      class App < Thor
+        # tasks
+      end
+    end
+
+And then you should invoke your tasks as:
+
+    thor sinatra:app:install name --force
+
+If desired, you can change the namespace:
+
+    module Sinatra
+      class App < Thor
+        namespace :myapp
+        # tasks
+      end
+    end
+
+And then your tasks hould be invoked as:
+
+    thor myapp:install name --force
+
+== Invocations
+
+Thor comes with a invocation-dependency system as well which allows a task to be
+invoked only once. For example:
+
+    class Counter < Thor
+      desc "one", "Prints 1, 2, 3"
+      def one
+        puts 1
+        invoke :two
+        invoke :three
+      end
+      
+      desc "two", "Prints 2, 3"
+      def two
+        puts 2
+        invoke :three
+      end
+      
+      desc "three", "Prints 3"
+      def three
+        puts 3
+      end
+    end
+
+When invoking the task one:
+
+    thor counter:one
+
+The output is "1 2 3", which means that the three task was invoked only once.
+You can even invoke tasks from another class, so be sure to check the
+documentation.
+
+== Thor::Group
+
+Thor has a special class called Thor::Group. The main difference to Thor class
+is that it invokes all tasks at once. The example above could be rewritten in
+Thor::Group as this:
+
+    class Counter < Thor::Group
+      desc "Prints 1, 2, 3"
+      
+      def one
+        puts 1
+      end
+     
+      def two
+        puts 2
+      end
+      
+      def three
+        puts 3
+      end
+    end
+
+When invoked:
+
+    thor counter
+
+It prints "1 2 3" as well. Notice you should describe (using the method <tt>desc</tt>)
+only the class and not each task anymore. Thor::Group is a great tool to create
+generators, since you can define several steps which are invoked in the order they
+are defined (Thor::Group is the tool use in generators in Rails 3.0).
+
+Besides, Thor::Group can parse arguments and options as Thor tasks:
+
+    class Counter < Thor::Group
+      # number will be available as attr_accessor
+      argument :number, :type => :numeric, :desc => "The number to start counting"
+      desc "Prints the 'number' given upto 'number+2'"
+      
+      def one
+        puts number + 0
+      end
+      
+      def two
+        puts number + 1
+      end
+      
+      def three
+        puts number + 2
+      end
+    end
+
+The counter above expects one parameter and has the folling outputs:
+
+    thor counter 5
+    # Prints "5 6 7"
+
+    thor counter 11
+    # Prints "11 12 13"
+
+You can also give options to Thor::Group, but instead of using <tt>method_option</tt>
+and <tt>method_options</tt>, you should use <tt>class_option</tt> and <tt>class_options</tt>.
+Both argument and class_options methods are available to Thor class as well.
+
+== Actions
+
+Thor comes with several actions which helps with script and generator tasks. You
+might be familiar with them since some came from Rails Templates. They are:
+<tt>say</tt>, <tt>ask</tt>, <tt>yes?</tt>, <tt>no?</tt>, <tt>add_file</tt>,
+<tt>remove_file</tt>, <tt>copy_file</tt>, <tt>template</tt>, <tt>directory</tt>,
+<tt>inside</tt>, <tt>run</tt>, <tt>inject_into_file</tt> and a couple more.
+
+To use them, you just need to include Thor::Actions in your Thor classes:
+
+    class App < Thor
+      include Thor::Actions
+      # tasks
+    end
+
+Some actions like copy file requires that a class method called source_root is
+defined in your class. This is the directory where your templates should be
+placed. Be sure to check the documentation.
+
+== License
+
+See MIT LICENSE.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/bin/rake2thor b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/bin/rake2thor
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..50c7410d80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/bin/rake2thor
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'ruby2ruby'
+require 'parse_tree'
+if Ruby2Ruby::VERSION >= "1.2.0"
+  require 'parse_tree_extensions'
+end
+require 'rake'
+
+input  = ARGV[0] || 'Rakefile'
+output = ARGV[1] || 'Thorfile'
+
+$requires = []
+
+module Kernel
+  def require_with_record(file)
+    $requires << file if caller[1] =~ /rake2thor:/
+    require_without_record file
+  end
+  alias_method :require_without_record, :require
+  alias_method :require, :require_with_record
+end
+
+load input
+
+@private_methods = []
+
+def file_task_name(name)
+  "compile_" + name.gsub('/', '_slash_').gsub('.', '_dot_').gsub(/\W/, '_')
+end
+
+def method_for_task(task)
+  file_task = task.is_a?(Rake::FileTask)
+  comment = task.instance_variable_get('@comment')
+  prereqs = task.instance_variable_get('@prerequisites').select(&Rake::Task.method(:task_defined?))
+  actions = task.instance_variable_get('@actions')
+  name = task.name.gsub(/^([^:]+:)+/, '')
+  name = file_task_name(name) if file_task
+  meth = ''
+
+  meth << "desc #{name.inspect}, #{comment.inspect}\n" if comment
+  meth << "def #{name}\n"
+
+  meth << prereqs.map do |pre|
+    pre = pre.to_s
+    pre = file_task_name(pre) if Rake::Task[pre].is_a?(Rake::FileTask)
+    '  ' + pre
+  end.join("\n")
+
+  meth << "\n\n" unless prereqs.empty? || actions.empty?
+
+  meth << actions.map do |act|
+    act = act.to_ruby
+    unless act.gsub!(/^proc \{ \|(\w+)\|\n/,
+                     "  \\1 = Struct.new(:name).new(#{name.inspect}) # A crude mock Rake::Task object\n")
+      act.gsub!(/^proc \{\n/, '')
+    end
+    act.gsub(/\n\}$/, '')
+  end.join("\n")
+
+  meth << "\nend"
+
+  if file_task
+    @private_methods << meth
+    return
+  end
+
+  meth
+end
+
+body = Rake::Task.tasks.map(&method(:method_for_task)).compact.map { |meth| meth.gsub(/^/, '  ') }.join("\n\n")
+
+unless @private_methods.empty?
+  body << "\n\n  private\n\n"
+  body << @private_methods.map { |meth| meth.gsub(/^/, '  ') }.join("\n\n")
+end
+
+requires = $requires.map { |r| "require #{r.inspect}" }.join("\n")
+
+File.open(output, 'w') { |f| f.write(<<END.lstrip) }
+#{requires}
+
+class Default < Thor
+#{body}
+end
+END
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/bin/thor b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/bin/thor
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..eaf849fb4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/bin/thor
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# -*- mode: ruby -*-
+
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'lib', 'thor')
+require 'thor/runner'
+
+Thor::Runner.start
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b45c4e9b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+$:.unshift File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__))
+require 'thor/base'
+require 'thor/group'
+require 'thor/actions'
+
+class Thor
+  class << self
+    # Sets the default task when thor is executed without an explicit task to be called.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # meth<Symbol>:: name of the defaut task
+    #
+    def default_task(meth=nil)
+      case meth
+        when :none
+          @default_task = 'help'
+        when nil
+          @default_task ||= from_superclass(:default_task, 'help')
+        else
+          @default_task = meth.to_s
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Defines the usage and the description of the next task.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # usage<String>
+    # description<String>
+    #
+    def desc(usage, description, options={})
+      if options[:for]
+        task = find_and_refresh_task(options[:for])
+        task.usage = usage             if usage
+        task.description = description if description
+      else
+        @usage, @desc = usage, description
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Maps an input to a task. If you define:
+    #
+    #   map "-T" => "list"
+    #
+    # Running:
+    #
+    #   thor -T
+    #
+    # Will invoke the list task.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # Hash[String|Array => Symbol]:: Maps the string or the strings in the array to the given task.
+    #
+    def map(mappings=nil)
+      @map ||= from_superclass(:map, {})
+
+      if mappings
+        mappings.each do |key, value|
+          if key.respond_to?(:each)
+            key.each {|subkey| @map[subkey] = value}
+          else
+            @map[key] = value
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      @map
+    end
+
+    # Declares the options for the next task to be declared.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # Hash[Symbol => Object]:: The hash key is the name of the option and the value
+    # is the type of the option. Can be :string, :array, :hash, :boolean, :numeric
+    # or :required (string). If you give a value, the type of the value is used.
+    #
+    def method_options(options=nil)
+      @method_options ||= {}
+      build_options(options, @method_options) if options
+      @method_options
+    end
+
+    # Adds an option to the set of class options. If :for is given as option,
+    # it allows you to change the options from a previous defined task.
+    #
+    #   def previous_task
+    #     # magic
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   method_options :foo => :bar, :for => :previous_task
+    #
+    #   def next_task
+    #     # magic
+    #   end
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # name<Symbol>:: The name of the argument.
+    # options<Hash>:: Described below.
+    #
+    # ==== Options
+    # :desc     - Description for the argument.
+    # :required - If the argument is required or not.
+    # :default  - Default value for this argument. It cannot be required and have default values.
+    # :aliases  - Aliases for this option.
+    # :type     - The type of the argument, can be :string, :hash, :array, :numeric or :boolean.
+    # :group    - The group for this options. Use by class options to output options in different levels.
+    # :banner   - String to show on usage notes.
+    #
+    def method_option(name, options={})
+      scope = if options[:for]
+        find_and_refresh_task(options[:for]).options
+      else
+        method_options
+      end
+
+      build_option(name, options, scope)
+    end
+
+    # Parses the task and options from the given args, instantiate the class
+    # and invoke the task. This method is used when the arguments must be parsed
+    # from an array. If you are inside Ruby and want to use a Thor class, you
+    # can simply initialize it:
+    #
+    #   script = MyScript.new(args, options, config)
+    #   script.invoke(:task, first_arg, second_arg, third_arg)
+    #
+    def start(given_args=ARGV, config={})
+      super do
+        meth = normalize_task_name(given_args.shift)
+        task = all_tasks[meth]
+
+        if task
+          args, opts = Thor::Options.split(given_args)
+          config.merge!(:task_options => task.options)
+        else
+          args, opts = given_args, {}
+        end
+
+        task ||= Thor::Task::Dynamic.new(meth)
+        trailing = args[Range.new(arguments.size, -1)]
+        new(args, opts, config).invoke(task, trailing || [])
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Prints help information. If a task name is given, it shows information
+    # only about the specific task.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # meth<String>:: An optional task name to print usage information about.
+    #
+    # ==== Options
+    # namespace:: When true, shows the namespace in the output before the usage.
+    # skip_inherited:: When true, does not show tasks from superclass.
+    #
+    def help(shell, meth=nil, options={})
+      meth, options = nil, meth if meth.is_a?(Hash)
+
+      if meth
+        task = all_tasks[meth]
+        raise UndefinedTaskError, "task '#{meth}' could not be found in namespace '#{self.namespace}'" unless task
+
+        shell.say "Usage:"
+        shell.say "  #{banner(task, options[:namespace], false)}"
+        shell.say
+        class_options_help(shell, "Class", :Method => task.options.map { |_, o| o })
+        shell.say task.description
+      else
+        list = (options[:short] ? tasks : all_tasks).map do |_, task|
+          item = [ banner(task, options[:namespace]) ]
+          item << "# #{task.short_description}" if task.short_description
+          item << " "
+        end
+
+        options[:ident] ||= 2
+        if options[:short]
+          shell.print_list(list, :ident => options[:ident])
+        else
+          shell.say "Tasks:"
+          shell.print_list(list, :ident => options[:ident])
+        end
+
+        Thor::Util.thor_classes_in(self).each do |subclass|
+          namespace = options[:namespace] == true || subclass.namespace.gsub(/^#{self.namespace}:/, '')
+          subclass.help(shell, options.merge(:short => true, :namespace => namespace))
+        end
+
+        class_options_help(shell, "Class") unless options[:short]
+      end
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # The banner for this class. You can customize it if you are invoking the
+      # thor class by another ways which is not the Thor::Runner. It receives
+      # the task that is going to be invoked and a boolean which indicates if
+      # the namespace should be displayed as arguments.
+      #
+      def banner(task, namespace=true, show_options=true)
+        task.formatted_usage(self, namespace, show_options)
+      end
+
+      def baseclass #:nodoc:
+        Thor
+      end
+
+      def create_task(meth) #:nodoc:
+        if @usage && @desc
+          tasks[meth.to_s] = Thor::Task.new(meth, @desc, @usage, method_options)
+          @usage, @desc, @method_options = nil
+          true
+        elsif self.all_tasks[meth.to_s] || meth.to_sym == :method_missing
+          true
+        else
+          puts "[WARNING] Attempted to create task #{meth.inspect} without usage or description. " <<
+               "Call desc if you want this method to be available as task or declare it inside a " <<
+               "no_tasks{} block. Invoked from #{caller[1].inspect}."
+          false
+        end
+      end
+
+      def initialize_added #:nodoc:
+        class_options.merge!(method_options)
+        @method_options = nil
+      end
+
+      # Receives a task name (can be nil), and try to get a map from it.
+      # If a map can't be found use the sent name or the default task.
+      #
+      def normalize_task_name(meth) #:nodoc:
+        mapping = map[meth.to_s]
+        meth = mapping || meth || default_task
+        meth.to_s.gsub('-','_') # treat foo-bar > foo_bar
+      end
+  end
+
+  include Thor::Base
+
+  map HELP_MAPPINGS => :help
+
+  desc "help [TASK]", "Describe available tasks or one specific task"
+  def help(task=nil)
+    self.class.help(shell, task, :namespace => task && task.include?(?:))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d561ccb2aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+require 'fileutils'
+
+Dir[File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "actions", "*.rb")].each do |action|
+  require action
+end
+
+class Thor
+  module Actions
+    attr_accessor :behavior
+
+    def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
+      base.extend ClassMethods
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Hold source paths for one Thor instance. source_paths_for_search is the
+      # method responsible to gather source_paths from this current class,
+      # inherited paths and the source root.
+      #
+      def source_paths
+        @source_paths ||= []
+      end
+
+      # Returns the source paths in the following order:
+      #
+      #   1) This class source paths
+      #   2) Source root
+      #   3) Parents source paths
+      #
+      def source_paths_for_search
+        paths = []
+        paths += self.source_paths
+        paths << self.source_root if self.respond_to?(:source_root)
+        paths += from_superclass(:source_paths, [])
+        paths
+      end
+
+      # Add runtime options that help actions execution.
+      #
+      def add_runtime_options!
+        class_option :pretend, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-p", :group => :runtime,
+                               :desc => "Run but do not make any changes"
+
+        class_option :force, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-f", :group => :runtime,
+                             :desc => "Overwrite files that already exist"
+
+        class_option :skip, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-s", :group => :runtime,
+                            :desc => "Skip files that already exist"
+
+        class_option :quiet, :type => :boolean, :aliases => "-q", :group => :runtime,
+                             :desc => "Supress status output"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Extends initializer to add more configuration options.
+    #
+    # ==== Configuration
+    # behavior<Symbol>:: The actions default behavior. Can be :invoke or :revoke.
+    #                    It also accepts :force, :skip and :pretend to set the behavior
+    #                    and the respective option.
+    #
+    # destination_root<String>:: The root directory needed for some actions.
+    #
+    def initialize(args=[], options={}, config={})
+      self.behavior = case config[:behavior].to_s
+        when "force", "skip"
+          _cleanup_options_and_set(options, config[:behavior])
+          :invoke
+        when "revoke"
+          :revoke
+        else
+          :invoke
+      end
+
+      super
+      self.destination_root = config[:destination_root]
+    end
+
+    # Wraps an action object and call it accordingly to the thor class behavior.
+    #
+    def action(instance) #:nodoc:
+      if behavior == :revoke
+        instance.revoke!
+      else
+        instance.invoke!
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the root for this thor class (also aliased as destination root).
+    #
+    def destination_root
+      @destination_stack.last
+    end
+
+    # Sets the root for this thor class. Relatives path are added to the
+    # directory where the script was invoked and expanded.
+    #
+    def destination_root=(root)
+      @destination_stack ||= []
+      @destination_stack[0] = File.expand_path(root || '')
+    end
+
+    # Returns the given path relative to the absolute root (ie, root where
+    # the script started).
+    #
+    def relative_to_original_destination_root(path, remove_dot=true)
+      path = path.gsub(@destination_stack[0], '.')
+      remove_dot ? (path[2..-1] || '') : path
+    end
+
+    # Holds source paths in instance so they can be manipulated.
+    #
+    def source_paths
+      @source_paths ||= self.class.source_paths_for_search
+    end
+
+    # Receives a file or directory and search for it in the source paths. 
+    #
+    def find_in_source_paths(file)
+      relative_root = relative_to_original_destination_root(destination_root, false)
+
+      source_paths.each do |source|
+        source_file = File.expand_path(file, File.join(source, relative_root))
+        return source_file if File.exists?(source_file)
+      end
+
+      if source_paths.empty?
+        raise Error, "You don't have any source path defined for class #{self.class.name}. To fix this, " <<
+                     "you can define a source_root in your class."
+      else
+        raise Error, "Could not find #{file.inspect} in source paths."
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Do something in the root or on a provided subfolder. If a relative path
+    # is given it's referenced from the current root. The full path is yielded
+    # to the block you provide. The path is set back to the previous path when
+    # the method exits.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # dir<String>:: the directory to move to.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => true to log and use padding.
+    #
+    def inside(dir='', config={}, &block)
+      verbose = config.fetch(:verbose, false)
+
+      say_status :inside, dir, verbose
+      shell.padding += 1 if verbose
+      @destination_stack.push File.expand_path(dir, destination_root)
+
+      FileUtils.mkdir_p(destination_root) unless File.exist?(destination_root)
+      FileUtils.cd(destination_root) { block.arity == 1 ? yield(destination_root) : yield }
+
+      @destination_stack.pop
+      shell.padding -= 1 if verbose
+    end
+
+    # Goes to the root and execute the given block.
+    #
+    def in_root
+      inside(@destination_stack.first) { yield }
+    end
+
+    # Loads an external file and execute it in the instance binding.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # path<String>:: The path to the file to execute. Can be a web address or
+    #                a relative path from the source root.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   apply "http://gist.github.com/103208"
+    #
+    #   apply "recipes/jquery.rb"
+    #
+    def apply(path, config={})
+      verbose = config.fetch(:verbose, true)
+      path    = find_in_source_paths(path) unless path =~ /^http\:\/\//
+
+      say_status :apply, path, verbose
+      shell.padding += 1 if verbose
+      instance_eval(open(path).read)
+      shell.padding -= 1 if verbose
+    end
+
+    # Executes a command.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # command<String>:: the command to be executed.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status. Specify :with
+    #                to append an executable to command executation.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   inside('vendor') do
+    #     run('ln -s ~/edge rails')
+    #   end
+    #
+    def run(command, config={})
+      return unless behavior == :invoke
+
+      destination = relative_to_original_destination_root(destination_root, false)
+      desc = "#{command} from #{destination.inspect}"
+
+      if config[:with]
+        desc = "#{File.basename(config[:with].to_s)} #{desc}"
+        command = "#{config[:with]} #{command}"
+      end
+
+      say_status :run, desc, config.fetch(:verbose, true)
+      system(command) unless options[:pretend]
+    end
+
+    # Executes a ruby script (taking into account WIN32 platform quirks).
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # command<String>:: the command to be executed.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    def run_ruby_script(command, config={})
+      return unless behavior == :invoke
+      run "#{command}", config.merge(:with => Thor::Util.ruby_command)
+    end
+
+    # Run a thor command. A hash of options can be given and it's converted to 
+    # switches.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # task<String>:: the task to be invoked
+    # args<Array>:: arguments to the task
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status. Other options
+    #                are given as parameter to Thor.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   thor :install, "http://gist.github.com/103208"
+    #   #=> thor install http://gist.github.com/103208
+    #
+    #   thor :list, :all => true, :substring => 'rails'
+    #   #=> thor list --all --substring=rails
+    #
+    def thor(task, *args)
+      config  = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+      verbose = config.key?(:verbose) ? config.delete(:verbose) : true
+
+      args.unshift task
+      args.push Thor::Options.to_switches(config)
+      command = args.join(' ').strip
+
+      run command, :with => :thor, :verbose => verbose
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # Allow current root to be shared between invocations.
+      #
+      def _shared_configuration #:nodoc:
+        super.merge!(:destination_root => self.destination_root)
+      end
+
+      def _cleanup_options_and_set(options, key) #:nodoc:
+        case options
+          when Array
+            %w(--force -f --skip -s).each { |i| options.delete(i) }
+            options << "--#{key}"
+          when Hash
+            [:force, :skip, "force", "skip"].each { |i| options.delete(i) }
+            options.merge!(key => true)
+        end
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8f6badee27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+require 'thor/actions/empty_directory'
+
+class Thor
+  module Actions
+
+    # Create a new file relative to the destination root with the given data,
+    # which is the return value of a block or a data string.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
+    # data<String|NilClass>:: the data to append to the file.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   create_file "lib/fun_party.rb" do
+    #     hostname = ask("What is the virtual hostname I should use?")
+    #     "vhost.name = #{hostname}"
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   create_file "config/apach.conf", "your apache config"
+    #
+    def create_file(destination, data=nil, config={}, &block)
+      action CreateFile.new(self, destination, block || data.to_s, config)
+    end
+    alias :add_file :create_file
+
+    # AddFile is a subset of Template, which instead of rendering a file with
+    # ERB, it gets the content from the user.
+    #
+    class CreateFile < EmptyDirectory #:nodoc:
+      attr_reader :data
+
+      def initialize(base, destination, data, config={})
+        @data = data
+        super(base, destination, config)
+      end
+
+      # Checks if the content of the file at the destination is identical to the rendered result.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Boolean:: true if it is identical, false otherwise.
+      #
+      def identical?
+        exists? && File.read(destination) == render
+      end
+
+      # Holds the content to be added to the file.
+      #
+      def render
+        @render ||= if data.is_a?(Proc)
+          data.call
+        else
+          data
+        end
+      end
+
+      def invoke!
+        invoke_with_conflict_check do
+          FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.dirname(destination))
+          File.open(destination, 'w'){ |f| f.write render }
+        end
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Now on conflict we check if the file is identical or not.
+        #
+        def on_conflict_behavior(&block)
+          if identical?
+            say_status :identical, :blue
+          else
+            options = base.options.merge(config)
+            force_or_skip_or_conflict(options[:force], options[:skip], &block)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # If force is true, run the action, otherwise check if it's not being
+        # skipped. If both are false, show the file_collision menu, if the menu
+        # returns true, force it, otherwise skip.
+        #
+        def force_or_skip_or_conflict(force, skip, &block)
+          if force
+            say_status :force, :yellow
+            block.call unless pretend?
+          elsif skip
+            say_status :skip, :yellow
+          else
+            say_status :conflict, :red
+            force_or_skip_or_conflict(force_on_collision?, true, &block)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Shows the file collision menu to the user and gets the result.
+        #
+        def force_on_collision?
+          base.shell.file_collision(destination){ render }
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be5eb822ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/directory.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+require 'thor/actions/empty_directory'
+
+class Thor
+  module Actions
+
+    # Copies recursively the files from source directory to root directory.
+    # If any of the files finishes with .tt, it's considered to be a template
+    # and is placed in the destination without the extension .tt. If any
+    # empty directory is found, it's copied and all .empty_directory files are
+    # ignored. Remember that file paths can also be encoded, let's suppose a doc
+    # directory with the following files:
+    #
+    #   doc/
+    #     components/.empty_directory
+    #     README
+    #     rdoc.rb.tt
+    #     %app_name%.rb
+    #
+    # When invoked as:
+    #
+    #   directory "doc"
+    #
+    # It will create a doc directory in the destination with the following
+    # files (assuming that the app_name is "blog"):
+    #
+    #   doc/
+    #     components/
+    #     README
+    #     rdoc.rb
+    #     blog.rb
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # source<String>:: the relative path to the source root.
+    # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #                If :recursive => false, does not look for paths recursively.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   directory "doc"
+    #   directory "doc", "docs", :recursive => false
+    #
+    def directory(source, destination=nil, config={})
+      action Directory.new(self, source, destination || source, config)
+    end
+
+    class Directory < EmptyDirectory #:nodoc:
+      attr_reader :source
+
+      def initialize(base, source, destination=nil, config={})
+        @source = File.expand_path(base.find_in_source_paths(source.to_s))
+        super(base, destination, { :recursive => true }.merge(config))
+      end
+
+      def invoke!
+        base.empty_directory given_destination, config
+        execute!
+      end
+
+      def revoke!
+        execute!
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def execute!
+          lookup = config[:recursive] ? File.join(source, '**') : source
+          lookup = File.join(lookup, '{*,.[a-z]*}')
+
+          Dir[lookup].each do |file_source|
+            next if File.directory?(file_source)
+            file_destination = File.join(given_destination, file_source.gsub(source, '.'))
+
+            case file_source
+              when /\.empty_directory$/
+                base.empty_directory(File.dirname(file_destination), config)
+              when /\.tt$/
+                base.template(file_source, file_destination[0..-4], config)
+              else
+                base.copy_file(file_source, file_destination, config)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03c1fe4af1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+class Thor
+  module Actions
+
+    # Creates an empty directory.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   empty_directory "doc"
+    #
+    def empty_directory(destination, config={})
+      action EmptyDirectory.new(self, destination, config)
+    end
+
+    # Class which holds create directory logic. This is the base class for
+    # other actions like create_file and directory.
+    #
+    # This implementation is based in Templater actions, created by Jonas Nicklas
+    # and Michael S. Klishin under MIT LICENSE.
+    #
+    class EmptyDirectory #:nodoc:
+      attr_reader :base, :destination, :given_destination, :relative_destination, :config
+
+      # Initializes given the source and destination.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # base<Thor::Base>:: A Thor::Base instance
+      # source<String>:: Relative path to the source of this file
+      # destination<String>:: Relative path to the destination of this file
+      # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+      #
+      def initialize(base, destination, config={})
+        @base, @config   = base, { :verbose => true }.merge(config)
+        self.destination = destination
+      end
+
+      # Checks if the destination file already exists.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Boolean:: true if the file exists, false otherwise.
+      #
+      def exists?
+        ::File.exists?(destination)
+      end
+
+      def invoke!
+        invoke_with_conflict_check do
+          ::FileUtils.mkdir_p(destination)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def revoke!
+        say_status :remove, :red
+        ::FileUtils.rm_rf(destination) if !pretend? && exists?
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Shortcut for pretend.
+        #
+        def pretend?
+          base.options[:pretend]
+        end
+
+        # Sets the absolute destination value from a relative destination value.
+        # It also stores the given and relative destination. Let's suppose our
+        # script is being executed on "dest", it sets the destination root to
+        # "dest". The destination, given_destination and relative_destination
+        # are related in the following way:
+        #
+        #   inside "bar" do
+        #     empty_directory "baz"
+        #   end
+        #
+        #   destination          #=> dest/bar/baz
+        #   relative_destination #=> bar/baz
+        #   given_destination    #=> baz
+        #
+        def destination=(destination)
+          if destination
+            @given_destination = convert_encoded_instructions(destination.to_s)
+            @destination = ::File.expand_path(@given_destination, base.destination_root)
+            @relative_destination = base.relative_to_original_destination_root(@destination)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Filenames in the encoded form are converted. If you have a file:
+        #
+        #   %class_name%.rb
+        #
+        # It gets the class name from the base and replace it:
+        #
+        #   user.rb
+        #
+        def convert_encoded_instructions(filename)
+          filename.gsub(/%(.*?)%/) do |string|
+            instruction = $1.strip
+            base.respond_to?(instruction) ? base.send(instruction) : string
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Receives a hash of options and just execute the block if some
+        # conditions are met.
+        #
+        def invoke_with_conflict_check(&block)
+          if exists?
+            on_conflict_behavior(&block)
+          else
+            say_status :create, :green
+            block.call unless pretend?
+          end
+
+          destination
+        end
+
+        # What to do when the destination file already exists.
+        #
+        def on_conflict_behavior(&block)
+          say_status :exist, :blue
+        end
+
+        # Shortcut to say_status shell method.
+        #
+        def say_status(status, color)
+          base.shell.say_status status, relative_destination, color if config[:verbose]
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d77d90d448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+require 'erb'
+require 'open-uri'
+
+class Thor
+  module Actions
+
+    # Copies the file from the relative source to the relative destination. If
+    # the destination is not given it's assumed to be equal to the source.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # source<String>:: the relative path to the source root.
+    # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   copy_file "README", "doc/README"
+    #
+    #   copy_file "doc/README"
+    #
+    def copy_file(source, destination=nil, config={})
+      destination ||= source
+      source = File.expand_path(find_in_source_paths(source.to_s))
+
+      create_file destination, nil, config do
+        File.read(source)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Gets the content at the given address and places it at the given relative
+    # destination. If a block is given instead of destination, the content of
+    # the url is yielded and used as location.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # source<String>:: the address of the given content.
+    # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   get "http://gist.github.com/103208", "doc/README"
+    #
+    #   get "http://gist.github.com/103208" do |content|
+    #     content.split("\n").first
+    #   end
+    #
+    def get(source, destination=nil, config={}, &block)
+      source = File.expand_path(find_in_source_paths(source.to_s)) unless source =~ /^http\:\/\//
+      render = open(source).read
+
+      destination ||= if block_given?
+        block.arity == 1 ? block.call(render) : block.call
+      else
+        File.basename(source)
+      end
+
+      create_file destination, render, config
+    end
+
+    # Gets an ERB template at the relative source, executes it and makes a copy
+    # at the relative destination. If the destination is not given it's assumed
+    # to be equal to the source removing .tt from the filename.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # source<String>:: the relative path to the source root.
+    # destination<String>:: the relative path to the destination root.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   template "README", "doc/README"
+    #
+    #   template "doc/README"
+    #
+    def template(source, destination=nil, config={})
+      destination ||= source
+      source  = File.expand_path(find_in_source_paths(source.to_s))
+      context = instance_eval('binding')
+
+      create_file destination, nil, config do
+        ERB.new(::File.read(source), nil, '-').result(context)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Changes the mode of the given file or directory.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # mode<Integer>:: the file mode
+    # path<String>:: the name of the file to change mode
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   chmod "script/*", 0755
+    #
+    def chmod(path, mode, config={})
+      return unless behavior == :invoke
+      path = File.expand_path(path, destination_root)
+      say_status :chmod, relative_to_original_destination_root(path), config.fetch(:verbose, true)
+      FileUtils.chmod_R(mode, path) unless options[:pretend]
+    end
+
+    # Prepend text to a file. Since it depends on inject_into_file, it's reversible.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # path<String>:: path of the file to be changed
+    # data<String>:: the data to prepend to the file, can be also given as a block.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   prepend_file 'config/environments/test.rb', 'config.gem "rspec"'
+    #
+    #   prepend_file 'config/environments/test.rb' do
+    #     'config.gem "rspec"'
+    #   end
+    #
+    def prepend_file(path, *args, &block)
+      config = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+      config.merge!(:after => /\A/)
+      inject_into_file(path, *(args << config), &block)
+    end
+
+    # Append text to a file. Since it depends on inject_into_file, it's reversible.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # path<String>:: path of the file to be changed
+    # data<String>:: the data to append to the file, can be also given as a block.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   append_file 'config/environments/test.rb', 'config.gem "rspec"'
+    #
+    #   append_file 'config/environments/test.rb' do
+    #     'config.gem "rspec"'
+    #   end
+    #
+    def append_file(path, *args, &block)
+      config = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+      config.merge!(:before => /\z/)
+      inject_into_file(path, *(args << config), &block)
+    end
+
+    # Injects text right after the class definition. Since it depends on
+    # inject_into_file, it's reversible.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # path<String>:: path of the file to be changed
+    # klass<String|Class>:: the class to be manipulated
+    # data<String>:: the data to append to the class, can be also given as a block.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   inject_into_class "app/controllers/application_controller.rb", "  filter_parameter :password\n"
+    #
+    #   inject_into_class "app/controllers/application_controller.rb", ApplicationController do
+    #     "  filter_parameter :password\n"
+    #   end
+    #
+    def inject_into_class(path, klass, *args, &block)
+      config = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+      config.merge!(:after => /class #{klass}\n|class #{klass} .*\n/)
+      inject_into_file(path, *(args << config), &block)
+    end
+
+    # Run a regular expression replacement on a file.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # path<String>:: path of the file to be changed
+    # flag<Regexp|String>:: the regexp or string to be replaced
+    # replacement<String>:: the replacement, can be also given as a block
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   gsub_file 'app/controllers/application_controller.rb', /#\s*(filter_parameter_logging :password)/, '\1'
+    #
+    #   gsub_file 'README', /rake/, :green do |match|
+    #     match << " no more. Use thor!"
+    #   end
+    #
+    def gsub_file(path, flag, *args, &block)
+      return unless behavior == :invoke
+      config = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}
+
+      path = File.expand_path(path, destination_root)
+      say_status :gsub, relative_to_original_destination_root(path), config.fetch(:verbose, true)
+
+      unless options[:pretend]
+        content = File.read(path)
+        content.gsub!(flag, *args, &block)
+        File.open(path, 'wb') { |file| file.write(content) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Removes a file at the given location.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # path<String>:: path of the file to be changed
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   remove_file 'README'
+    #   remove_file 'app/controllers/application_controller.rb'
+    #
+    def remove_file(path, config={})
+      return unless behavior == :invoke
+      path  = File.expand_path(path, destination_root)
+
+      say_status :remove, relative_to_original_destination_root(path), config.fetch(:verbose, true)
+      ::FileUtils.rm_rf(path) if !options[:pretend] && File.exists?(path)
+    end
+    alias :remove_dir :remove_file
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0636ec6591
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/actions/inject_into_file.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+require 'thor/actions/empty_directory'
+
+class Thor
+  module Actions
+
+    # Injects the given content into a file. Different from gsub_file, this
+    # method is reversible.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # destination<String>:: Relative path to the destination root
+    # data<String>:: Data to add to the file. Can be given as a block.
+    # config<Hash>:: give :verbose => false to not log the status and the flag
+    #                for injection (:after or :before).
+    # 
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   inject_into_file "config/environment.rb", "config.gem :thor", :after => "Rails::Initializer.run do |config|\n"
+    #
+    #   inject_into_file "config/environment.rb", :after => "Rails::Initializer.run do |config|\n" do
+    #     gems = ask "Which gems would you like to add?"
+    #     gems.split(" ").map{ |gem| "  config.gem :#{gem}" }.join("\n")
+    #   end
+    #
+    def inject_into_file(destination, *args, &block)
+      if block_given?
+        data, config = block, args.shift
+      else
+        data, config = args.shift, args.shift
+      end
+      action InjectIntoFile.new(self, destination, data, config)
+    end
+
+    class InjectIntoFile < EmptyDirectory #:nodoc:
+      attr_reader :replacement, :flag, :behavior
+
+      def initialize(base, destination, data, config)
+        super(base, destination, { :verbose => true }.merge(config))
+
+        @behavior, @flag = if @config.key?(:after)
+          [:after, @config.delete(:after)]
+        else
+          [:before, @config.delete(:before)]
+        end
+
+        @replacement = data.is_a?(Proc) ? data.call : data
+        @flag = Regexp.escape(@flag) unless @flag.is_a?(Regexp)
+      end
+
+      def invoke!
+        say_status :invoke
+
+        content = if @behavior == :after
+          '\0' + replacement
+        else
+          replacement + '\0'
+        end
+
+        replace!(/#{flag}/, content)
+      end
+
+      def revoke!
+        say_status :revoke
+
+        regexp = if @behavior == :after
+          content = '\1\2'
+          /(#{flag})(.*)(#{Regexp.escape(replacement)})/m
+        else
+          content = '\2\3'
+          /(#{Regexp.escape(replacement)})(.*)(#{flag})/m
+        end
+
+        replace!(regexp, content)
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def say_status(behavior)
+          status = if flag == /\A/
+            behavior == :invoke ? :prepend : :unprepend
+          elsif flag == /\z/
+            behavior == :invoke ? :append : :unappend
+          else
+            behavior == :invoke ? :inject : :deinject
+          end
+
+          super(status, config[:verbose])
+        end
+
+        # Adds the content to the file.
+        #
+        def replace!(regexp, string)
+          unless base.options[:pretend]
+            content = File.read(destination)
+            content.gsub!(regexp, string)
+            File.open(destination, 'wb') { |file| file.write(content) }
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/base.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..700d794123
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,517 @@
+require 'thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access'
+require 'thor/core_ext/ordered_hash'
+require 'thor/error'
+require 'thor/shell'
+require 'thor/invocation'
+require 'thor/parser'
+require 'thor/task'
+require 'thor/util'
+
+class Thor
+  # Shortcuts for help.
+  HELP_MAPPINGS       = %w(-h -? --help -D)
+
+  # Thor methods that should not be overwritten by the user.
+  THOR_RESERVED_WORDS = %w(invoke shell options behavior root destination_root relative_root
+                           action add_file create_file in_root inside run run_ruby_script)
+
+  module Base
+    attr_accessor :options
+
+    # It receives arguments in an Array and two hashes, one for options and
+    # other for configuration.
+    #
+    # Notice that it does not check if all required arguments were supplied.
+    # It should be done by the parser.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # args<Array[Object]>:: An array of objects. The objects are applied to their
+    #                       respective accessors declared with <tt>argument</tt>.
+    #
+    # options<Hash>:: An options hash that will be available as self.options.
+    #                 The hash given is converted to a hash with indifferent
+    #                 access, magic predicates (options.skip?) and then frozen.
+    #
+    # config<Hash>:: Configuration for this Thor class.
+    #
+    def initialize(args=[], options={}, config={})
+      Thor::Arguments.parse(self.class.arguments, args).each do |key, value|
+        send("#{key}=", value)
+      end
+
+      parse_options = self.class.class_options
+
+      if options.is_a?(Array)
+        task_options  = config.delete(:task_options) # hook for start
+        parse_options = parse_options.merge(task_options) if task_options
+        array_options, hash_options = options, {}
+      else
+        array_options, hash_options = [], options
+      end
+
+      options = Thor::Options.parse(parse_options, array_options)
+      self.options = Thor::CoreExt::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(options).merge!(hash_options)
+      self.options.freeze
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      def included(base) #:nodoc:
+        base.send :extend,  ClassMethods
+        base.send :include, Invocation
+        base.send :include, Shell
+      end
+
+      # Returns the classes that inherits from Thor or Thor::Group.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Array[Class]
+      #
+      def subclasses
+        @subclasses ||= []
+      end
+
+      # Returns the files where the subclasses are kept.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Hash[path<String> => Class]
+      #
+      def subclass_files
+        @subclass_files ||= Hash.new{ |h,k| h[k] = [] }
+      end
+
+      # Whenever a class inherits from Thor or Thor::Group, we should track the
+      # class and the file on Thor::Base. This is the method responsable for it.
+      #
+      def register_klass_file(klass) #:nodoc:
+        file = caller[1].match(/(.*):\d+/)[1]
+        Thor::Base.subclasses << klass unless Thor::Base.subclasses.include?(klass)
+
+        file_subclasses = Thor::Base.subclass_files[File.expand_path(file)]
+        file_subclasses << klass unless file_subclasses.include?(klass)
+      end
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Adds an argument to the class and creates an attr_accessor for it.
+      #
+      # Arguments are different from options in several aspects. The first one
+      # is how they are parsed from the command line, arguments are retrieved
+      # from position:
+      #
+      #   thor task NAME
+      #
+      # Instead of:
+      #
+      #   thor task --name=NAME
+      #
+      # Besides, arguments are used inside your code as an accessor (self.argument),
+      # while options are all kept in a hash (self.options).
+      #
+      # Finally, arguments cannot have type :default or :boolean but can be
+      # optional (supplying :optional => :true or :required => false), although
+      # you cannot have a required argument after a non-required argument. If you
+      # try it, an error is raised.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # name<Symbol>:: The name of the argument.
+      # options<Hash>:: Described below.
+      #
+      # ==== Options
+      # :desc     - Description for the argument.
+      # :required - If the argument is required or not.
+      # :optional - If the argument is optional or not.
+      # :type     - The type of the argument, can be :string, :hash, :array, :numeric.
+      # :default  - Default value for this argument. It cannot be required and have default values.
+      # :banner   - String to show on usage notes.
+      #
+      # ==== Errors
+      # ArgumentError:: Raised if you supply a required argument after a non required one.
+      #
+      def argument(name, options={})
+        is_thor_reserved_word?(name, :argument)
+        no_tasks { attr_accessor name }
+
+        required = if options.key?(:optional)
+          !options[:optional]
+        elsif options.key?(:required)
+          options[:required]
+        else
+          options[:default].nil?
+        end
+
+        remove_argument name
+
+        arguments.each do |argument|
+          next if argument.required?
+          raise ArgumentError, "You cannot have #{name.to_s.inspect} as required argument after " <<
+                               "the non-required argument #{argument.human_name.inspect}."
+        end if required
+
+        arguments << Thor::Argument.new(name, options[:desc], required, options[:type],
+                                              options[:default], options[:banner])
+      end
+
+      # Returns this class arguments, looking up in the ancestors chain.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # Array[Thor::Argument]
+      #
+      def arguments
+        @arguments ||= from_superclass(:arguments, [])
+      end
+
+      # Adds a bunch of options to the set of class options.
+      #
+      #   class_options :foo => false, :bar => :required, :baz => :string
+      #
+      # If you prefer more detailed declaration, check class_option.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # Hash[Symbol => Object]
+      #
+      def class_options(options=nil)
+        @class_options ||= from_superclass(:class_options, {})
+        build_options(options, @class_options) if options
+        @class_options
+      end
+
+      # Adds an option to the set of class options
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # name<Symbol>:: The name of the argument.
+      # options<Hash>:: Described below.
+      #
+      # ==== Options
+      # :desc     - Description for the argument.
+      # :required - If the argument is required or not.
+      # :default  - Default value for this argument.
+      # :group    - The group for this options. Use by class options to output options in different levels.
+      # :aliases  - Aliases for this option.
+      # :type     - The type of the argument, can be :string, :hash, :array, :numeric or :boolean.
+      # :banner   - String to show on usage notes.
+      #
+      def class_option(name, options={})
+        build_option(name, options, class_options)
+      end
+
+      # Removes a previous defined argument. If :undefine is given, undefine
+      # accessors as well.
+      #
+      # ==== Paremeters
+      # names<Array>:: Arguments to be removed
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   remove_argument :foo
+      #   remove_argument :foo, :bar, :baz, :undefine => true
+      #
+      def remove_argument(*names)
+        options = names.last.is_a?(Hash) ? names.pop : {}
+
+        names.each do |name|
+          arguments.delete_if { |a| a.name == name.to_s }
+          undef_method name, "#{name}=" if options[:undefine]
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Removes a previous defined class option.
+      #
+      # ==== Paremeters
+      # names<Array>:: Class options to be removed
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   remove_class_option :foo
+      #   remove_class_option :foo, :bar, :baz
+      #
+      def remove_class_option(*names)
+        names.each do |name|
+          class_options.delete(name)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Defines the group. This is used when thor list is invoked so you can specify
+      # that only tasks from a pre-defined group will be shown. Defaults to standard.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # name<String|Symbol>
+      #
+      def group(name=nil)
+        case name
+          when nil
+            @group ||= from_superclass(:group, 'standard')
+          else
+            @group = name.to_s
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Returns the tasks for this Thor class.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # OrderedHash:: An ordered hash with tasks names as keys and Thor::Task
+      #               objects as values.
+      #
+      def tasks
+        @tasks ||= Thor::CoreExt::OrderedHash.new
+      end
+
+      # Returns the tasks for this Thor class and all subclasses.
+      #
+      # ==== Returns
+      # OrderedHash:: An ordered hash with tasks names as keys and Thor::Task
+      #               objects as values.
+      #
+      def all_tasks
+        @all_tasks ||= from_superclass(:all_tasks, Thor::CoreExt::OrderedHash.new)
+        @all_tasks.merge(tasks)
+      end
+
+      # Removes a given task from this Thor class. This is usually done if you
+      # are inheriting from another class and don't want it to be available
+      # anymore.
+      #
+      # By default it only remove the mapping to the task. But you can supply
+      # :undefine => true to undefine the method from the class as well.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # name<Symbol|String>:: The name of the task to be removed
+      # options<Hash>:: You can give :undefine => true if you want tasks the method
+      #                 to be undefined from the class as well.
+      #
+      def remove_task(*names)
+        options = names.last.is_a?(Hash) ? names.pop : {}
+
+        names.each do |name|
+          tasks.delete(name.to_s)
+          all_tasks.delete(name.to_s)
+          undef_method name if options[:undefine]
+        end
+      end
+
+      # All methods defined inside the given block are not added as tasks.
+      #
+      # So you can do:
+      #
+      #   class MyScript < Thor
+      #     no_tasks do
+      #       def this_is_not_a_task
+      #       end
+      #     end
+      #   end
+      #
+      # You can also add the method and remove it from the task list:
+      #
+      #   class MyScript < Thor
+      #     def this_is_not_a_task
+      #     end
+      #     remove_task :this_is_not_a_task
+      #   end
+      #
+      def no_tasks
+        @no_tasks = true
+        yield
+        @no_tasks = false
+      end
+
+      # Sets the namespace for the Thor or Thor::Group class. By default the
+      # namespace is retrieved from the class name. If your Thor class is named
+      # Scripts::MyScript, the help method, for example, will be called as:
+      #
+      #   thor scripts:my_script -h
+      #
+      # If you change the namespace:
+      #
+      #   namespace :my_scripts
+      #
+      # You change how your tasks are invoked:
+      #
+      #   thor my_scripts -h
+      #
+      # Finally, if you change your namespace to default:
+      #
+      #   namespace :default
+      #
+      # Your tasks can be invoked with a shortcut. Instead of:
+      #
+      #   thor :my_task
+      #
+      def namespace(name=nil)
+        case name
+          when nil
+            @namespace ||= Thor::Util.namespace_from_thor_class(self, false)
+          else
+            @namespace = name.to_s
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Default way to start generators from the command line.
+      #
+      def start(given_args=ARGV, config={})
+        config[:shell] ||= Thor::Base.shell.new
+        yield
+      rescue Thor::Error => e
+        if given_args.include?("--debug")
+          raise e
+        else
+          config[:shell].error e.message
+        end
+        exit(1) if exit_on_failure?
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Prints the class options per group. If an option does not belong to
+        # any group, it uses the ungrouped name value. This method provide to
+        # hooks to add extra options, one of them if the third argument called
+        # extra_group that should be a hash in the format :group => Array[Options].
+        #
+        # The second is by returning a lambda used to print values. The lambda
+        # requires two options: the group name and the array of options.
+        #
+        def class_options_help(shell, ungrouped_name=nil, extra_group=nil) #:nodoc:
+          groups = {}
+
+          class_options.each do |_, value|
+            groups[value.group] ||= []
+            groups[value.group] << value
+          end
+
+          printer = proc do |group_name, options|
+            list = []
+            padding = options.collect{ |o| o.aliases.size  }.max.to_i * 4
+
+            options.each do |option|
+              item = [ option.usage(padding) ]
+              item.push(option.description ? "# #{option.description}" : "")
+
+              list << item
+              list << [ "", "# Default: #{option.default}" ] if option.show_default?
+            end
+
+            unless list.empty?
+              shell.say(group_name ? "#{group_name} options:" : "Options:")
+              shell.print_table(list, :ident => 2)
+              shell.say ""
+            end
+          end
+
+          # Deal with default group
+          global_options = groups.delete(nil) || []
+          printer.call(ungrouped_name, global_options) if global_options
+
+          # Print all others
+          groups = extra_group.merge(groups) if extra_group
+          groups.each(&printer)
+          printer
+        end
+
+        # Raises an error if the word given is a Thor reserved word.
+        #
+        def is_thor_reserved_word?(word, type) #:nodoc:
+          return false unless THOR_RESERVED_WORDS.include?(word.to_s)
+          raise "#{word.inspect} is a Thor reserved word and cannot be defined as #{type}"
+        end
+
+        # Build an option and adds it to the given scope.
+        #
+        # ==== Parameters
+        # name<Symbol>:: The name of the argument.
+        # options<Hash>:: Described in both class_option and method_option.
+        #
+        def build_option(name, options, scope) #:nodoc:
+          scope[name] = Thor::Option.new(name, options[:desc], options[:required],
+                                               options[:type], options[:default], options[:banner],
+                                               options[:group], options[:aliases])
+        end
+
+        # Receives a hash of options, parse them and add to the scope. This is a
+        # fast way to set a bunch of options:
+        #
+        #   build_options :foo => true, :bar => :required, :baz => :string
+        #
+        # ==== Parameters
+        # Hash[Symbol => Object]
+        #
+        def build_options(options, scope) #:nodoc:
+          options.each do |key, value|
+            scope[key] = Thor::Option.parse(key, value)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Finds a task with the given name. If the task belongs to the current
+        # class, just return it, otherwise dup it and add the fresh copy to the
+        # current task hash.
+        #
+        def find_and_refresh_task(name) #:nodoc:
+          task = if task = tasks[name.to_s]
+            task
+          elsif task = all_tasks[name.to_s]
+            tasks[name.to_s] = task.clone
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "You supplied :for => #{name.inspect}, but the task #{name.inspect} could not be found."
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Everytime someone inherits from a Thor class, register the klass
+        # and file into baseclass.
+        #
+        def inherited(klass)
+          Thor::Base.register_klass_file(klass)
+        end
+
+        # Fire this callback whenever a method is added. Added methods are
+        # tracked as tasks by invoking the create_task method.
+        #
+        def method_added(meth)
+          meth = meth.to_s
+
+          if meth == "initialize"
+            initialize_added
+            return
+          end
+
+          # Return if it's not a public instance method
+          return unless public_instance_methods.include?(meth) ||
+                        public_instance_methods.include?(meth.to_sym)
+
+          return if @no_tasks || !create_task(meth)
+
+          is_thor_reserved_word?(meth, :task)
+          Thor::Base.register_klass_file(self)
+        end
+
+        # Retrieves a value from superclass. If it reaches the baseclass,
+        # returns default.
+        #
+        def from_superclass(method, default=nil)
+          if self == baseclass || !superclass.respond_to?(method, true)
+            default
+          else
+            value = superclass.send(method)
+            value.dup if value
+          end
+        end
+
+        # A flag that makes the process exit with status 1 if any error happens.
+        #
+        def exit_on_failure?
+          false
+        end
+
+        # SIGNATURE: Sets the baseclass. This is where the superclass lookup
+        # finishes.
+        def baseclass #:nodoc:
+        end
+
+        # SIGNATURE: Creates a new task if valid_task? is true. This method is
+        # called when a new method is added to the class.
+        def create_task(meth) #:nodoc:
+        end
+
+        # SIGNATURE: Defines behavior when the initialize method is added to the
+        # class.
+        def initialize_added #:nodoc:
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78bc5cf4bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/core_ext/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+class Thor
+  module CoreExt #:nodoc:
+
+    # A hash with indifferent access and magic predicates.
+    #
+    #   hash = Thor::CoreExt::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new 'foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'bee', 'force' => true
+    #
+    #   hash[:foo]  #=> 'bar'
+    #   hash['foo'] #=> 'bar'
+    #   hash.foo?   #=> true
+    #
+    class HashWithIndifferentAccess < ::Hash #:nodoc:
+
+      def initialize(hash={})
+        super()
+        hash.each do |key, value|
+          self[convert_key(key)] = value
+        end
+      end
+
+      def [](key)
+        super(convert_key(key))
+      end
+
+      def []=(key, value)
+        super(convert_key(key), value)
+      end
+
+      def delete(key)
+        super(convert_key(key))
+      end
+
+      def values_at(*indices)
+        indices.collect { |key| self[convert_key(key)] }
+      end
+
+      def merge(other)
+        dup.merge!(other)
+      end
+
+      def merge!(other)
+        other.each do |key, value|
+          self[convert_key(key)] = value
+        end
+        self
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def convert_key(key)
+          key.is_a?(Symbol) ? key.to_s : key
+        end
+
+        # Magic predicates. For instance:
+        #
+        #   options.force?                  # => !!options['force']
+        #   options.shebang                 # => "/usr/lib/local/ruby"
+        #   options.test_framework?(:rspec) # => options[:test_framework] == :rspec
+        #
+        def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
+          method = method.to_s
+          if method =~ /^(\w+)\?$/
+            if args.empty?
+              !!self[$1]
+            else
+              self[$1] == args.first
+            end
+          else 
+            self[method]
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/core_ext/ordered_hash.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/core_ext/ordered_hash.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..27fea5bb35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/core_ext/ordered_hash.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+class Thor
+  module CoreExt #:nodoc:
+
+    if RUBY_VERSION >= '1.9'
+      class OrderedHash < ::Hash
+      end
+    else
+      # This class is based on the Ruby 1.9 ordered hashes.
+      #
+      # It keeps the semantics and most of the efficiency of normal hashes
+      # while also keeping track of the order in which elements were set.
+      #
+      class OrderedHash #:nodoc:
+        include Enumerable
+
+        Node = Struct.new(:key, :value, :next, :prev)
+
+        def initialize
+          @hash = {}
+        end
+
+        def [](key)
+          @hash[key] && @hash[key].value
+        end
+
+        def []=(key, value)
+          if node = @hash[key]
+            node.value = value
+          else
+            node = Node.new(key, value)
+
+            if @first.nil?
+              @first = @last = node
+            else
+              node.prev = @last
+              @last.next = node
+              @last = node
+            end
+          end
+
+          @hash[key] = node
+          value
+        end
+
+        def delete(key)
+          if node = @hash[key]
+            prev_node = node.prev
+            next_node = node.next
+
+            next_node.prev = prev_node if next_node
+            prev_node.next = next_node if prev_node
+
+            @first = next_node if @first == node
+            @last = prev_node  if @last  == node
+
+            value = node.value
+          end
+
+          @hash.delete(key)
+          value
+        end
+
+        def keys
+          self.map { |k, v| k }
+        end
+
+        def values
+          self.map { |k, v| v }
+        end
+
+        def each
+          return unless @first
+          yield [@first.key, @first.value]
+          node = @first
+          yield [node.key, node.value] while node = node.next
+          self
+        end
+
+        def merge(other)
+          hash = self.class.new
+
+          self.each do |key, value|
+            hash[key] = value
+          end
+
+          other.each do |key, value|
+            hash[key] = value
+          end
+
+          hash
+        end
+
+        def empty?
+          @hash.empty?
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/error.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/error.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f9b31a35d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/error.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+class Thor
+  # Thor::Error is raised when it's caused by wrong usage of thor classes. Those
+  # errors have their backtrace supressed and are nicely shown to the user.
+  #
+  # Errors that are caused by the developer, like declaring a method which
+  # overwrites a thor keyword, it SHOULD NOT raise a Thor::Error. This way, we
+  # ensure that developer errors are shown with full backtrace.
+  #
+  class Error < StandardError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when a task was not found.
+  #
+  class UndefinedTaskError < Error
+  end
+
+  # Raised when a task was found, but not invoked properly.
+  #
+  class InvocationError < Error
+  end
+
+  class RequiredArgumentMissingError < InvocationError
+  end
+
+  class MalformattedArgumentError < InvocationError
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/group.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/group.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1e59df2313
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/group.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+# Thor has a special class called Thor::Group. The main difference to Thor class
+# is that it invokes all tasks at once. It also include some methods that allows
+# invocations to be done at the class method, which are not available to Thor
+# tasks.
+#
+class Thor::Group
+  class << self
+    # The descrition for this Thor::Group. If none is provided, but a source root
+    # exists, tries to find the USAGE one folder above it, otherwise searches
+    # in the superclass.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # description<String>:: The description for this Thor::Group.
+    #
+    def desc(description=nil)
+      case description
+        when nil
+          @desc ||= from_superclass(:desc, nil)
+        else
+          @desc = description
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Start works differently in Thor::Group, it simply invokes all tasks
+    # inside the class.
+    #
+    def start(given_args=ARGV, config={})
+      super do
+        if Thor::HELP_MAPPINGS.include?(given_args.first)
+          help(config[:shell])
+          return
+        end
+
+        args, opts = Thor::Options.split(given_args)
+        new(args, opts, config).invoke
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Prints help information.
+    #
+    # ==== Options
+    # short:: When true, shows only usage.
+    #
+    def help(shell, options={})
+      if options[:short]
+        shell.say banner
+      else
+        shell.say "Usage:"
+        shell.say "  #{banner}"
+        shell.say
+        class_options_help(shell)
+        shell.say self.desc if self.desc
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Stores invocations for this class merging with superclass values.
+    #
+    def invocations #:nodoc:
+      @invocations ||= from_superclass(:invocations, {})
+    end
+
+    # Stores invocation blocks used on invoke_from_option.
+    #
+    def invocation_blocks #:nodoc:
+      @invocation_blocks ||= from_superclass(:invocation_blocks, {})
+    end
+
+    # Invoke the given namespace or class given. It adds an instance
+    # method that will invoke the klass and task. You can give a block to
+    # configure how it will be invoked.
+    #
+    # The namespace/class given will have its options showed on the help
+    # usage. Check invoke_from_option for more information.
+    #
+    def invoke(*names, &block)
+      options = names.last.is_a?(Hash) ? names.pop : {}
+      verbose = options.fetch(:verbose, :white)
+
+      names.each do |name|
+        invocations[name] = false
+        invocation_blocks[name] = block if block_given?
+
+        class_eval <<-METHOD, __FILE__, __LINE__
+          def _invoke_#{name.to_s.gsub(/\W/, '_')}
+            klass, task = self.class.prepare_for_invocation(nil, #{name.inspect})
+
+            if klass
+              say_status :invoke, #{name.inspect}, #{verbose.inspect}
+              block = self.class.invocation_blocks[#{name.inspect}]
+              _invoke_for_class_method klass, task, &block
+            else
+              say_status :error, %(#{name.inspect} [not found]), :red
+            end
+          end
+        METHOD
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Invoke a thor class based on the value supplied by the user to the
+    # given option named "name". A class option must be created before this
+    # method is invoked for each name given.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   class GemGenerator < Thor::Group
+    #     class_option :test_framework, :type => :string
+    #     invoke_from_option :test_framework
+    #   end
+    #
+    # ==== Boolean options
+    #
+    # In some cases, you want to invoke a thor class if some option is true or
+    # false. This is automatically handled by invoke_from_option. Then the
+    # option name is used to invoke the generator.
+    #
+    # ==== Preparing for invocation
+    #
+    # In some cases you want to customize how a specified hook is going to be
+    # invoked. You can do that by overwriting the class method
+    # prepare_for_invocation. The class method must necessarily return a klass
+    # and an optional task.
+    #
+    # ==== Custom invocations
+    #
+    # You can also supply a block to customize how the option is giong to be
+    # invoked. The block receives two parameters, an instance of the current
+    # class and the klass to be invoked.
+    #
+    def invoke_from_option(*names, &block)
+      options = names.last.is_a?(Hash) ? names.pop : {}
+      verbose = options.fetch(:verbose, :white)
+
+      names.each do |name|
+        unless class_options.key?(name)
+          raise ArgumentError, "You have to define the option #{name.inspect} " << 
+                               "before setting invoke_from_option."
+        end
+
+        invocations[name] = true
+        invocation_blocks[name] = block if block_given?
+
+        class_eval <<-METHOD, __FILE__, __LINE__
+          def _invoke_from_option_#{name.to_s.gsub(/\W/, '_')}
+            return unless options[#{name.inspect}]
+
+            value = options[#{name.inspect}]
+            value = #{name.inspect} if TrueClass === value
+            klass, task = self.class.prepare_for_invocation(#{name.inspect}, value)
+
+            if klass
+              say_status :invoke, value, #{verbose.inspect}
+              block = self.class.invocation_blocks[#{name.inspect}]
+              _invoke_for_class_method klass, task, &block
+            else
+              say_status :error, %(\#{value} [not found]), :red
+            end
+          end
+        METHOD
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Remove a previously added invocation.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   remove_invocation :test_framework
+    #
+    def remove_invocation(*names)
+      names.each do |name|
+        remove_task(name)
+        remove_class_option(name)
+        invocations.delete(name)
+        invocation_blocks.delete(name)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Overwrite class options help to allow invoked generators options to be
+    # shown recursively when invoking a generator.
+    #
+    def class_options_help(shell, ungrouped_name=nil, extra_group=nil) #:nodoc:
+      group_options = {}
+
+      get_options_from_invocations(group_options, class_options) do |klass|
+        klass.send(:get_options_from_invocations, group_options, class_options)
+      end
+
+      group_options.merge!(extra_group) if extra_group
+      super(shell, ungrouped_name, group_options)
+    end
+
+    # Get invocations array and merge options from invocations. Those
+    # options are added to group_options hash. Options that already exists
+    # in base_options are not added twice.
+    #
+    def get_options_from_invocations(group_options, base_options) #:nodoc:
+      invocations.each do |name, from_option|
+        value = if from_option
+          option = class_options[name]
+          option.type == :boolean ? name : option.default
+        else
+          name
+        end
+        next unless value
+
+        klass, task = prepare_for_invocation(name, value)
+        next unless klass && klass.respond_to?(:class_options)
+
+        value = value.to_s
+        human_name = value.respond_to?(:classify) ? value.classify : value
+
+        group_options[human_name] ||= []
+        group_options[human_name] += klass.class_options.values.select do |option|
+          base_options[option.name.to_sym].nil? && option.group.nil? &&
+          !group_options.values.flatten.any? { |i| i.name == option.name }
+        end
+
+        yield klass if block_given?
+      end
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # The banner for this class. You can customize it if you are invoking the
+      # thor class by another ways which is not the Thor::Runner.
+      #
+      def banner
+        "#{self.namespace} #{self.arguments.map {|a| a.usage }.join(' ')}"
+      end
+
+      def baseclass #:nodoc:
+        Thor::Group
+      end
+
+      def create_task(meth) #:nodoc:
+        tasks[meth.to_s] = Thor::Task.new(meth, nil, nil, nil)
+        true
+      end
+  end
+
+  include Thor::Base
+
+  protected
+
+    # Shortcut to invoke with padding and block handling. Use internally by
+    # invoke and invoke_from_option class methods.
+    #
+    def _invoke_for_class_method(klass, task=nil, *args, &block) #:nodoc:
+      shell.padding += 1
+
+      result = if block_given?
+        if block.arity == 2
+          block.call(self, klass)
+        else
+          block.call(self, klass, task)
+        end
+      else
+        invoke klass, task, *args
+      end
+
+      shell.padding -= 1
+      result
+    end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..32e6a72454
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+class Thor
+  module Invocation
+    def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
+      base.extend ClassMethods
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Prepare for class methods invocations. This method must return a klass to
+      # have the invoked class options showed in help messages in generators.
+      #
+      def prepare_for_invocation(key, name) #:nodoc:
+        case name
+          when Symbol, String
+            Thor::Util.namespace_to_thor_class_and_task(name.to_s, false)
+          else
+            name
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Make initializer aware of invocations and the initializer proc.
+    #
+    def initialize(args=[], options={}, config={}, &block) #:nodoc:
+      @_invocations = config[:invocations] || Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
+      @_initializer = [ args, options, config ]
+      super
+    end
+
+    # Receives a name and invokes it. The name can be a string (either "task" or
+    # "namespace:task"), a Thor::Task, a Class or a Thor instance. If the task
+    # cannot be guessed by name, it can also be supplied as second argument.
+    #
+    # You can also supply the arguments, options and configuration values for
+    # the task to be invoked, if none is given, the same values used to
+    # initialize the invoker are used to initialize the invoked.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   class A < Thor
+    #     def foo
+    #       invoke :bar
+    #       invoke "b:hello", ["José"]
+    #     end
+    #
+    #     def bar
+    #       invoke "b:hello", ["José"]
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   class B < Thor
+    #     def hello(name)
+    #       puts "hello #{name}"
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # You can notice that the method "foo" above invokes two tasks: "bar",
+    # which belongs to the same class and "hello" which belongs to the class B.
+    #
+    # By using an invocation system you ensure that a task is invoked only once.
+    # In the example above, invoking "foo" will invoke "b:hello" just once, even
+    # if it's invoked later by "bar" method.
+    #
+    # When class A invokes class B, all arguments used on A initialization are
+    # supplied to B. This allows lazy parse of options. Let's suppose you have
+    # some rspec tasks:
+    #
+    #   class Rspec < Thor::Group
+    #     class_option :mock_framework, :type => :string, :default => :rr
+    #
+    #     def invoke_mock_framework
+    #       invoke "rspec:#{options[:mock_framework]}"
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # As you noticed, it invokes the given mock framework, which might have its
+    # own options:
+    #
+    #   class Rspec::RR < Thor::Group
+    #     class_option :style, :type => :string, :default => :mock
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Since it's not rspec concern to parse mock framework options, when RR
+    # is invoked all options are parsed again, so RR can extract only the options
+    # that it's going to use.
+    #
+    # If you want Rspec::RR to be initialized with its own set of options, you
+    # have to do that explicitely:
+    #
+    #   invoke "rspec:rr", [], :style => :foo
+    #
+    # Besides giving an instance, you can also give a class to invoke:
+    #
+    #   invoke Rspec::RR, [], :style => :foo
+    #
+    def invoke(name=nil, task=nil, args=nil, opts=nil, config=nil)
+      task, args, opts, config = nil, task, args, opts if task.nil? || task.is_a?(Array)
+      args, opts, config = nil, args, opts if args.is_a?(Hash)
+
+      object, task    = _prepare_for_invocation(name, task)
+      klass, instance = _initialize_klass_with_initializer(object, args, opts, config)
+
+      method_args = []
+      current = @_invocations[klass]
+
+      iterator = proc do |_, task|
+        unless current.include?(task.name)
+          current << task.name
+          task.run(instance, method_args)
+        end
+      end
+
+      if task
+        args ||= []
+        method_args = args[Range.new(klass.arguments.size, -1)] || []
+        iterator.call(nil, task)
+      else
+        klass.all_tasks.map(&iterator)
+      end
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # Configuration values that are shared between invocations.
+      #
+      def _shared_configuration #:nodoc:
+        { :invocations => @_invocations }
+      end
+
+      # Prepare for invocation in the instance level. In this case, we have to
+      # take into account that a just a task name from the current class was
+      # given or even a Thor::Task object.
+      #
+      def _prepare_for_invocation(name, sent_task=nil) #:nodoc:
+        if name.is_a?(Thor::Task)
+          task = name
+        elsif task = self.class.all_tasks[name.to_s]
+          object = self
+        else
+          object, task = self.class.prepare_for_invocation(nil, name)
+          task ||= sent_task
+        end
+
+        # If the object was not set, use self and use the name as task.
+        object, task = self, name unless object
+        return object, _validate_task(object, task)
+      end
+
+      # Check if the object given is a Thor class object and get a task object
+      # for it.
+      #
+      def _validate_task(object, task) #:nodoc:
+        klass = object.is_a?(Class) ? object : object.class
+        raise "Expected Thor class, got #{klass}" unless klass <= Thor::Base
+
+        task ||= klass.default_task if klass <= Thor
+        task = klass.all_tasks[task.to_s] || Thor::Task::Dynamic.new(task) if task && !task.is_a?(Thor::Task)
+        task
+      end
+
+      # Initialize klass using values stored in the @_initializer.
+      #
+      def _initialize_klass_with_initializer(object, args, opts, config) #:nodoc:
+        if object.is_a?(Class)
+          klass = object
+
+          stored_args, stored_opts, stored_config = @_initializer
+          args ||= stored_args.dup
+          opts ||= stored_opts.dup
+
+          config ||= {}
+          config = stored_config.merge(_shared_configuration).merge!(config)
+          [ klass, klass.new(args, opts, config) ]
+        else
+          [ object.class, object ]
+        end
+      end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..57a3f6e1a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+require 'thor/parser/argument'
+require 'thor/parser/arguments'
+require 'thor/parser/option'
+require 'thor/parser/options'
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa8ace4719
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/argument.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+class Thor
+  class Argument #:nodoc:
+    VALID_TYPES = [ :numeric, :hash, :array, :string ]
+
+    attr_reader :name, :description, :required, :type, :default, :banner
+    alias :human_name :name
+
+    def initialize(name, description=nil, required=true, type=:string, default=nil, banner=nil)
+      class_name = self.class.name.split("::").last
+
+      raise ArgumentError, "#{class_name} name can't be nil."                         if name.nil?
+      raise ArgumentError, "Type :#{type} is not valid for #{class_name.downcase}s."  if type && !valid_type?(type)
+
+      @name        = name.to_s
+      @description = description
+      @required    = required || false
+      @type        = (type || :string).to_sym
+      @default     = default
+      @banner      = banner || default_banner
+
+      validate! # Trigger specific validations
+    end
+
+    def usage
+      required? ? banner : "[#{banner}]"
+    end
+
+    def required?
+      required
+    end
+
+    def show_default?
+      case default
+        when Array, String, Hash
+          !default.empty?
+        else
+          default
+      end
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      def validate!
+        raise ArgumentError, "An argument cannot be required and have default value." if required? && !default.nil?
+      end
+
+      def valid_type?(type)
+        VALID_TYPES.include?(type.to_sym)
+      end
+
+      def default_banner
+        case type
+          when :boolean
+            nil
+          when :string, :default
+            human_name.upcase
+          when :numeric
+            "N"
+          when :hash
+            "key:value"
+          when :array
+            "one two three"
+        end
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fb5d965e06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/arguments.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+class Thor
+  class Arguments #:nodoc:
+    NUMERIC = /(\d*\.\d+|\d+)/
+
+    # Receives an array of args and returns two arrays, one with arguments
+    # and one with switches.
+    #
+    def self.split(args)
+      arguments = []
+
+      args.each do |item|
+        break if item =~ /^-/
+        arguments << item
+      end
+
+      return arguments, args[Range.new(arguments.size, -1)]
+    end
+
+    def self.parse(base, args)
+      new(base).parse(args)
+    end
+
+    # Takes an array of Thor::Argument objects.
+    #
+    def initialize(arguments=[])
+      @assigns, @non_assigned_required = {}, []
+      @switches = arguments
+
+      arguments.each do |argument|
+        if argument.default
+          @assigns[argument.human_name] = argument.default
+        elsif argument.required?
+          @non_assigned_required << argument
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def parse(args)
+      @pile = args.dup
+
+      @switches.each do |argument|
+        break unless peek
+        @non_assigned_required.delete(argument)
+        @assigns[argument.human_name] = send(:"parse_#{argument.type}", argument.human_name)
+      end
+
+      check_requirement!
+      @assigns
+    end
+
+    private
+
+      def peek
+        @pile.first
+      end
+
+      def shift
+        @pile.shift
+      end
+
+      def unshift(arg)
+        unless arg.kind_of?(Array)
+          @pile.unshift(arg)
+        else
+          @pile = arg + @pile
+        end
+      end
+
+      def current_is_value?
+        peek && peek.to_s !~ /^-/
+      end
+
+      # Runs through the argument array getting strings that contains ":" and
+      # mark it as a hash:
+      #
+      #   [ "name:string", "age:integer" ]
+      #
+      # Becomes:
+      #
+      #   { "name" => "string", "age" => "integer" }
+      #
+      def parse_hash(name)
+        return shift if peek.is_a?(Hash)
+        hash = {}
+
+        while current_is_value? && peek.include?(?:)
+          key, value = shift.split(':')
+          hash[key] = value
+        end
+        hash
+      end
+
+      # Runs through the argument array getting all strings until no string is
+      # found or a switch is found.
+      #
+      #   ["a", "b", "c"]
+      #
+      # And returns it as an array:
+      #
+      #   ["a", "b", "c"]
+      #
+      def parse_array(name)
+        return shift if peek.is_a?(Array)
+        array = []
+
+        while current_is_value?
+          array << shift
+        end
+        array
+      end
+
+      # Check if the peel is numeric ofrmat and return a Float or Integer.
+      # Otherwise raises an error.
+      #
+      def parse_numeric(name)
+        return shift if peek.is_a?(Numeric)
+
+        unless peek =~ NUMERIC && $& == peek
+          raise MalformattedArgumentError, "expected numeric value for '#{name}'; got #{peek.inspect}"
+        end
+
+        $&.index('.') ? shift.to_f : shift.to_i
+      end
+
+      # Parse string, i.e., just return the current value in the pile.
+      #
+      def parse_string(name)
+        shift
+      end
+
+      # Raises an error if @non_assigned_required array is not empty.
+      #
+      def check_requirement!
+        unless @non_assigned_required.empty?
+          names = @non_assigned_required.map do |o|
+            o.respond_to?(:switch_name) ? o.switch_name : o.human_name
+          end.join("', '")
+
+          class_name = self.class.name.split('::').last.downcase
+          raise RequiredArgumentMissingError, "no value provided for required #{class_name} '#{names}'"
+        end
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/option.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/option.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9e40ec73fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/option.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+class Thor
+  class Option < Argument #:nodoc:
+    attr_reader :aliases, :group
+
+    VALID_TYPES = [:boolean, :numeric, :hash, :array, :string]
+
+    def initialize(name, description=nil, required=nil, type=nil, default=nil, banner=nil, group=nil, aliases=nil)
+      super(name, description, required, type, default, banner)
+      @aliases = [*aliases].compact
+      @group   = group.to_s.capitalize if group
+    end
+
+    # This parse quick options given as method_options. It makes several
+    # assumptions, but you can be more specific using the option method.
+    #
+    #   parse :foo => "bar"
+    #   #=> Option foo with default value bar
+    #
+    #   parse [:foo, :baz] => "bar"
+    #   #=> Option foo with default value bar and alias :baz
+    #
+    #   parse :foo => :required
+    #   #=> Required option foo without default value
+    #
+    #   parse :foo => 2
+    #   #=> Option foo with default value 2 and type numeric
+    #
+    #   parse :foo => :numeric
+    #   #=> Option foo without default value and type numeric
+    #
+    #   parse :foo => true
+    #   #=> Option foo with default value true and type boolean
+    #
+    # The valid types are :boolean, :numeric, :hash, :array and :string. If none
+    # is given a default type is assumed. This default type accepts arguments as
+    # string (--foo=value) or booleans (just --foo).
+    #
+    # By default all options are optional, unless :required is given.
+    # 
+    def self.parse(key, value)
+      if key.is_a?(Array)
+        name, *aliases = key
+      else
+        name, aliases = key, []
+      end
+
+      name    = name.to_s
+      default = value
+
+      type = case value
+        when Symbol
+          default  = nil
+
+          if VALID_TYPES.include?(value)
+            value
+          elsif required = (value == :required)
+            :string
+          elsif value == :optional
+            # TODO Remove this warning in the future.
+            warn "Optional type is deprecated. Choose :boolean or :string instead. Assumed to be :boolean."
+            :boolean
+          end
+        when TrueClass, FalseClass
+          :boolean
+        when Numeric
+          :numeric
+        when Hash, Array, String
+          value.class.name.downcase.to_sym
+      end
+
+      self.new(name.to_s, nil, required, type, default, nil, nil, aliases)
+    end
+
+    def switch_name
+      @switch_name ||= dasherized? ? name : dasherize(name)
+    end
+
+    def human_name
+      @human_name ||= dasherized? ? undasherize(name) : name
+    end
+
+    def usage(padding=0)
+      sample = if banner && !banner.to_s.empty?
+        "#{switch_name}=#{banner}"
+      else
+        switch_name
+      end
+
+      sample = "[#{sample}]" unless required?
+
+      if aliases.empty?
+        (" " * padding) << sample
+      else
+        "#{aliases.join(', ')}, #{sample}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Allow some type predicates as: boolean?, string? and etc.
+    #
+    def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
+      given = method.to_s.sub(/\?$/, '').to_sym
+      if valid_type?(given)
+        self.type == given
+      else
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      def validate!
+        raise ArgumentError, "An option cannot be boolean and required." if boolean? && required?
+      end
+
+      def valid_type?(type)
+        VALID_TYPES.include?(type.to_sym)
+      end
+
+      def dasherized?
+        name.index('-') == 0
+      end
+
+      def undasherize(str)
+        str.sub(/^-{1,2}/, '')
+      end
+
+      def dasherize(str)
+        (str.length > 1 ? "--" : "-") + str.gsub('_', '-')
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/options.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/options.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..75092308b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/parser/options.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+class Thor
+  # This is a modified version of Daniel Berger's Getopt::Long class, licensed
+  # under Ruby's license.
+  #
+  class Options < Arguments #:nodoc:
+    LONG_RE     = /^(--\w+[-\w+]*)$/
+    SHORT_RE    = /^(-[a-z])$/i
+    EQ_RE       = /^(--\w+[-\w+]*|-[a-z])=(.*)$/i
+    SHORT_SQ_RE = /^-([a-z]{2,})$/i # Allow either -x -v or -xv style for single char args
+    SHORT_NUM   = /^(-[a-z])#{NUMERIC}$/i
+
+    # Receives a hash and makes it switches.
+    #
+    def self.to_switches(options)
+      options.map do |key, value|
+        case value
+          when true
+            "--#{key}"
+          when Array
+            "--#{key} #{value.map{ |v| v.inspect }.join(' ')}"
+          when Hash
+            "--#{key} #{value.map{ |k,v| "#{k}:#{v}" }.join(' ')}"
+          when nil, false
+            ""
+          else
+            "--#{key} #{value.inspect}"
+        end
+      end.join(" ")
+    end
+
+    # Takes a hash of Thor::Option objects.
+    #
+    def initialize(options={})
+      options = options.values
+      super(options)
+      @shorts, @switches = {}, {}
+
+      options.each do |option|
+        @switches[option.switch_name] = option
+
+        option.aliases.each do |short|
+          @shorts[short.to_s] ||= option.switch_name
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def parse(args)
+      @pile = args.dup
+
+      while peek
+        if current_is_switch?
+          case shift
+            when SHORT_SQ_RE
+              unshift($1.split('').map { |f| "-#{f}" })
+              next
+            when EQ_RE, SHORT_NUM
+              unshift($2)
+              switch = $1
+            when LONG_RE, SHORT_RE
+              switch = $1
+          end
+
+          switch = normalize_switch(switch)
+          next unless option = switch_option(switch)
+
+          @assigns[option.human_name] = parse_peek(switch, option)
+        else
+          shift
+        end
+      end
+
+      check_requirement!
+      @assigns
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # Returns true if the current value in peek is a registered switch.
+      #
+      def current_is_switch?
+        case peek
+          when LONG_RE, SHORT_RE, EQ_RE, SHORT_NUM
+            switch?($1)
+          when SHORT_SQ_RE
+            $1.split('').any? { |f| switch?("-#{f}") }
+        end
+      end
+
+      def switch?(arg)
+        switch_option(arg) || @shorts.key?(arg)
+      end
+
+      def switch_option(arg)
+        if match = no_or_skip?(arg)
+          @switches[arg] || @switches["--#{match}"]
+        else
+          @switches[arg]
+        end
+      end
+
+      def no_or_skip?(arg)
+        arg =~ /^--(no|skip)-([-\w]+)$/
+        $2
+      end
+
+      # Check if the given argument is actually a shortcut.
+      #
+      def normalize_switch(arg)
+        @shorts.key?(arg) ? @shorts[arg] : arg
+      end
+
+      # Parse boolean values which can be given as --foo=true, --foo or --no-foo.
+      #
+      def parse_boolean(switch)
+        if current_is_value?
+          ["true", "TRUE", "t", "T", true].include?(shift)
+        else
+          @switches.key?(switch) || !no_or_skip?(switch)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Parse the value at the peek analyzing if it requires an input or not.
+      #
+      def parse_peek(switch, option)
+        unless current_is_value?
+          if option.boolean?
+            # No problem for boolean types
+          elsif no_or_skip?(switch)
+            return nil # User set value to nil
+          elsif option.string? && !option.required?
+            return option.human_name # Return the option name
+          else
+            raise MalformattedArgumentError, "no value provided for option '#{switch}'"
+          end
+        end
+
+        @non_assigned_required.delete(option)
+        send(:"parse_#{option.type}", switch)
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ab6bb21f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/rake_compat.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+require 'rake'
+
+class Thor
+  # Adds a compatibility layer to your Thor classes which allows you to use
+  # rake package tasks. For example, to use rspec rake tasks, one can do:
+  #
+  #   require 'thor/rake_compat'
+  #
+  #   class Default < Thor
+  #     include Thor::RakeCompat
+  #
+  #     Spec::Rake::SpecTask.new(:spec) do |t|
+  #       t.spec_opts = ['--options', "spec/spec.opts"]
+  #       t.spec_files = FileList['spec/**/*_spec.rb']
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  module RakeCompat
+    def self.rake_classes
+      @rake_classes ||= []
+    end
+
+    def self.included(base)
+      # Hack. Make rakefile point to invoker, so rdoc task is generated properly.
+      Rake.application.instance_variable_set(:@rakefile, caller[0].match(/(.*):\d+/)[1])
+      self.rake_classes << base
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+class Object #:nodoc:
+  alias :rake_task :task
+  alias :rake_namespace :namespace
+
+  def task(*args, &block)
+    task = rake_task(*args, &block)
+
+    if klass = Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.last
+      non_namespaced_name = task.name.split(':').last
+
+      description = non_namespaced_name
+      description << task.arg_names.map{ |n| n.to_s.upcase }.join(' ')
+      description.strip!
+
+      klass.desc description, task.comment || non_namespaced_name
+      klass.class_eval <<-METHOD
+        def #{non_namespaced_name}(#{task.arg_names.join(', ')})
+          Rake::Task[#{task.name.to_sym.inspect}].invoke(#{task.arg_names.join(', ')})
+        end
+      METHOD
+    end
+
+    task
+  end
+
+  def namespace(name, &block)
+    if klass = Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.last
+      const_name = Thor::Util.camel_case(name.to_s).to_sym
+      klass.const_set(const_name, Class.new(Thor))
+      new_klass = klass.const_get(const_name)
+      Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes << new_klass
+    end
+
+    rake_namespace(name, &block)
+    Thor::RakeCompat.rake_classes.pop
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/runner.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/runner.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..43da09b336
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/runner.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+require 'fileutils'
+require 'open-uri'
+require 'yaml'
+require 'digest/md5'
+require 'pathname'
+
+class Thor::Runner < Thor #:nodoc:
+  map "-T" => :list, "-i" => :install, "-u" => :update
+
+  # Override Thor#help so it can give information about any class and any method.
+  #
+  def help(meth=nil)
+    if meth && !self.respond_to?(meth)
+      initialize_thorfiles(meth)
+      klass, task = Thor::Util.namespace_to_thor_class_and_task(meth)
+      # Send mapping -h because it works with Thor::Group too
+      klass.start(["-h", task].compact, :shell => self.shell)
+    else
+      super
+    end
+  end
+
+  # If a task is not found on Thor::Runner, method missing is invoked and
+  # Thor::Runner is then responsable for finding the task in all classes.
+  #
+  def method_missing(meth, *args)
+    meth = meth.to_s
+    initialize_thorfiles(meth)
+    klass, task = Thor::Util.namespace_to_thor_class_and_task(meth)
+    args.unshift(task) if task
+    klass.start(args, :shell => shell)
+  end
+
+  desc "install NAME", "Install an optionally named Thor file into your system tasks"
+  method_options :as => :string, :relative => :boolean
+  def install(name)
+    initialize_thorfiles
+
+    # If a directory name is provided as the argument, look for a 'main.thor' 
+    # task in said directory.
+    begin
+      if File.directory?(File.expand_path(name))
+        base, package = File.join(name, "main.thor"), :directory
+        contents      = open(base).read
+      else
+        base, package = name, :file
+        contents      = open(name).read
+      end
+    rescue OpenURI::HTTPError
+      raise Error, "Error opening URI '#{name}'"
+    rescue Errno::ENOENT
+      raise Error, "Error opening file '#{name}'"
+    end
+
+    say "Your Thorfile contains:"
+    say contents
+
+    return false if no?("Do you wish to continue [y/N]?")
+
+    as = options["as"] || begin
+      first_line = contents.split("\n")[0]
+      (match = first_line.match(/\s*#\s*module:\s*([^\n]*)/)) ? match[1].strip : nil
+    end
+
+    unless as
+      basename = File.basename(name)
+      as = ask("Please specify a name for #{name} in the system repository [#{basename}]:")
+      as = basename if as.empty?
+    end
+
+    location = if options[:relative] || name =~ /^http:\/\//
+      name
+    else
+      File.expand_path(name)
+    end
+
+    thor_yaml[as] = {
+      :filename   => Digest::MD5.hexdigest(name + as),
+      :location   => location,
+      :namespaces => Thor::Util.namespaces_in_content(contents, base)
+    }
+
+    save_yaml(thor_yaml)
+    say "Storing thor file in your system repository"
+    destination = File.join(thor_root, thor_yaml[as][:filename])
+
+    if package == :file
+      File.open(destination, "w") { |f| f.puts contents }
+    else
+      FileUtils.cp_r(name, destination)
+    end
+
+    thor_yaml[as][:filename] # Indicate success
+  end
+
+  desc "uninstall NAME", "Uninstall a named Thor module"
+  def uninstall(name)
+    raise Error, "Can't find module '#{name}'" unless thor_yaml[name]
+    say "Uninstalling #{name}."
+    FileUtils.rm_rf(File.join(thor_root, "#{thor_yaml[name][:filename]}"))
+
+    thor_yaml.delete(name)
+    save_yaml(thor_yaml)
+
+    puts "Done."
+  end
+
+  desc "update NAME", "Update a Thor file from its original location"
+  def update(name)
+    raise Error, "Can't find module '#{name}'" if !thor_yaml[name] || !thor_yaml[name][:location]
+
+    say "Updating '#{name}' from #{thor_yaml[name][:location]}"
+
+    old_filename = thor_yaml[name][:filename]
+    self.options = self.options.merge("as" => name)
+    filename     = install(thor_yaml[name][:location])
+
+    unless filename == old_filename
+      File.delete(File.join(thor_root, old_filename))
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc "installed", "List the installed Thor modules and tasks"
+  method_options :internal => :boolean
+  def installed
+    initialize_thorfiles(nil, true)
+
+    klasses = Thor::Base.subclasses
+    klasses -= [Thor, Thor::Runner] unless options["internal"]
+
+    display_klasses(true, klasses)
+  end
+
+  desc "list [SEARCH]", "List the available thor tasks (--substring means .*SEARCH)"
+  method_options :substring => :boolean, :group => :string, :all => :boolean
+  def list(search="")
+    initialize_thorfiles
+
+    search = ".*#{search}" if options["substring"]
+    search = /^#{search}.*/i
+    group  = options[:group] || "standard"
+
+    klasses = Thor::Base.subclasses.select do |k|
+      (options[:all] || k.group == group) && k.namespace =~ search
+    end
+
+    display_klasses(false, klasses)
+  end
+
+  private
+
+    def thor_root
+      Thor::Util.thor_root
+    end
+
+    def thor_yaml
+      @thor_yaml ||= begin
+        yaml_file = File.join(thor_root, "thor.yml")
+        yaml      = YAML.load_file(yaml_file) if File.exists?(yaml_file)
+        yaml || {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Save the yaml file. If none exists in thor root, creates one.
+    #
+    def save_yaml(yaml)
+      yaml_file = File.join(thor_root, "thor.yml")
+
+      unless File.exists?(yaml_file)
+        FileUtils.mkdir_p(thor_root)
+        yaml_file = File.join(thor_root, "thor.yml")
+        FileUtils.touch(yaml_file)
+      end
+
+      File.open(yaml_file, "w") { |f| f.puts yaml.to_yaml }
+    end
+
+    def self.exit_on_failure?
+      true
+    end
+
+    # Load the thorfiles. If relevant_to is supplied, looks for specific files
+    # in the thor_root instead of loading them all.
+    #
+    # By default, it also traverses the current path until find Thor files, as
+    # described in thorfiles. This look up can be skipped by suppliying
+    # skip_lookup true.
+    #
+    def initialize_thorfiles(relevant_to=nil, skip_lookup=false)
+      thorfiles(relevant_to, skip_lookup).each do |f|
+        Thor::Util.load_thorfile(f) unless Thor::Base.subclass_files.keys.include?(File.expand_path(f))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Finds Thorfiles by traversing from your current directory down to the root
+    # directory of your system. If at any time we find a Thor file, we stop.
+    #
+    # We also ensure that system-wide Thorfiles are loaded first, so local
+    # Thorfiles can override them.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    # If we start at /Users/wycats/dev/thor ...
+    #
+    # 1. /Users/wycats/dev/thor
+    # 2. /Users/wycats/dev
+    # 3. /Users/wycats <-- we find a Thorfile here, so we stop
+    #
+    # Suppose we start at c:\Documents and Settings\james\dev\thor ...
+    #
+    # 1. c:\Documents and Settings\james\dev\thor
+    # 2. c:\Documents and Settings\james\dev
+    # 3. c:\Documents and Settings\james
+    # 4. c:\Documents and Settings
+    # 5. c:\ <-- no Thorfiles found!
+    #
+    def thorfiles(relevant_to=nil, skip_lookup=false)
+      # Deal with deprecated thor when :namespaces: is available as constants
+      save_yaml(thor_yaml) if Thor::Util.convert_constants_to_namespaces(thor_yaml)
+
+      thorfiles = []
+
+      unless skip_lookup
+        Pathname.pwd.ascend do |path|
+          thorfiles = Thor::Util.globs_for(path).map { |g| Dir[g] }.flatten
+          break unless thorfiles.empty?
+        end
+      end
+
+      files  = (relevant_to ? thorfiles_relevant_to(relevant_to) : Thor::Util.thor_root_glob)
+      files += thorfiles
+      files -= ["#{thor_root}/thor.yml"]
+
+      files.map! do |file|
+        File.directory?(file) ? File.join(file, "main.thor") : file
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Load thorfiles relevant to the given method. If you provide "foo:bar" it
+    # will load all thor files in the thor.yaml that has "foo" e "foo:bar"
+    # namespaces registered.
+    #
+    def thorfiles_relevant_to(meth)
+      lookup = [ meth, meth.split(":")[0...-1].join(":") ]
+
+      files = thor_yaml.select do |k, v|
+        v[:namespaces] && !(v[:namespaces] & lookup).empty?
+      end
+
+      files.map { |k, v| File.join(thor_root, "#{v[:filename]}") }
+    end
+
+    # Display information about the given klasses. If with_module is given,
+    # it shows a table with information extracted from the yaml file.
+    #
+    def display_klasses(with_modules=false, klasses=Thor.subclasses)
+      klasses -= [Thor, Thor::Runner] unless with_modules
+      raise Error, "No Thor tasks available" if klasses.empty?
+
+      if with_modules && !thor_yaml.empty?
+        info  = []
+        labels = ["Modules", "Namespaces"]
+
+        info << labels
+        info << [ "-" * labels[0].size, "-" * labels[1].size ]
+
+        thor_yaml.each do |name, hash|
+          info << [ name, hash[:namespaces].join(", ") ]
+        end
+
+        print_table info
+        say ""
+      end
+
+      unless klasses.empty?
+        klasses.dup.each do |klass|
+          klasses -= Thor::Util.thor_classes_in(klass)
+        end
+
+        klasses.each { |k| display_tasks(k) }
+      else
+        say "\033[1;34mNo Thor tasks available\033[0m"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Display tasks from the given Thor class.
+    #
+    def display_tasks(klass)
+      unless klass.tasks.empty?
+        base = klass.namespace
+
+        color = base == "default" ? :magenta : :blue
+        say shell.set_color(base, color, true)
+        say "-" * base.length
+
+        klass.help(shell, :short => true, :ident => 0, :namespace => true)
+      end
+    end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d3f4d5951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+require 'thor/shell/color'
+
+class Thor
+  module Base
+    # Returns the shell used in all Thor classes. Default to color one.
+    #
+    def self.shell
+      @shell ||= Thor::Shell::Color
+    end
+
+    # Sets the shell used in all Thor classes.
+    #
+    def self.shell=(klass)
+      @shell = klass
+    end
+  end
+
+  module Shell
+    SHELL_DELEGATED_METHODS = [:ask, :yes?, :no?, :say, :say_status, :print_list, :print_table]
+
+    # Add shell to initialize config values.
+    #
+    # ==== Configuration
+    # shell<Object>:: An instance of the shell to be used.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   class MyScript < Thor
+    #     argument :first, :type => :numeric
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   MyScript.new [1.0], { :foo => :bar }, :shell => Thor::Shell::Basic.new
+    #
+    def initialize(args=[], options={}, config={})
+      super
+      self.shell = config[:shell]
+      self.shell.base ||= self if self.shell.respond_to?(:base)
+    end
+
+    # Holds the shell for the given Thor instance. If no shell is given,
+    # it gets a default shell from Thor::Base.shell.
+    #
+    def shell
+      @shell ||= Thor::Base.shell.new
+    end
+
+    # Sets the shell for this thor class.
+    #
+    def shell=(shell)
+      @shell = shell
+    end
+
+    # Common methods that are delegated to the shell.
+    #
+    SHELL_DELEGATED_METHODS.each do |method|
+      module_eval <<-METHOD, __FILE__, __LINE__
+        def #{method}(*args)
+          shell.#{method}(*args)
+        end
+      METHOD
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # Allow shell to be shared between invocations.
+      #
+      def _shared_configuration #:nodoc:
+        super.merge!(:shell => self.shell)
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea9665380b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell/basic.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+require 'tempfile'
+
+class Thor
+  module Shell
+    class Basic
+      attr_accessor :base, :padding
+
+      # Initialize base and padding to nil.
+      #
+      def initialize #:nodoc:
+        @base, @padding = nil, 0
+      end
+
+      # Sets the output padding, not allowing less than zero values.
+      #
+      def padding=(value)
+        @padding = [0, value].max
+      end
+
+      # Ask something to the user and receives a response.
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      # ask("What is your name?")
+      #
+      def ask(statement, color=nil)
+        say("#{statement} ", color)
+        $stdin.gets.strip
+      end
+
+      # Say (print) something to the user. If the sentence ends with a whitespace
+      # or tab character, a new line is not appended (print + flush). Otherwise
+      # are passed straight to puts (behavior got from Highline).
+      #
+      # ==== Example
+      # say("I know you knew that.")
+      #
+      def say(message="", color=nil, force_new_line=(message.to_s !~ /( |\t)$/))
+        message  = message.to_s
+        message  = set_color(message, color) if color
+
+        if force_new_line
+          $stdout.puts(message)
+        else
+          $stdout.print(message)
+          $stdout.flush
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Say a status with the given color and appends the message. Since this
+      # method is used frequently by actions, it allows nil or false to be given
+      # in log_status, avoiding the message from being shown. If a Symbol is
+      # given in log_status, it's used as the color.
+      #
+      def say_status(status, message, log_status=true)
+        return if quiet? || log_status == false
+        spaces = "  " * (padding + 1)
+        color  = log_status.is_a?(Symbol) ? log_status : :green
+
+        status = status.to_s.rjust(12)
+        status = set_color status, color, true if color
+        say "#{status}#{spaces}#{message}", nil, true
+      end
+
+      # Make a question the to user and returns true if the user replies "y" or
+      # "yes".
+      #
+      def yes?(statement, color=nil)
+        ask(statement, color) =~ is?(:yes)
+      end
+
+      # Make a question the to user and returns true if the user replies "n" or
+      # "no".
+      #
+      def no?(statement, color=nil)
+        !yes?(statement, color)
+      end
+
+      # Prints a list of items.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # list<Array[String, String, ...]>
+      #
+      # ==== Options
+      # mode:: Can be :rows or :inline. Defaults to :rows.
+      # ident:: Ident each item with the value given.
+      #
+      def print_list(list, options={})
+        return if list.empty?
+
+        ident   = " " * (options[:ident] || 0)
+        content = case options[:mode]
+          when :inline
+            last = list.pop
+            "#{list.join(", ")}, and #{last}"
+          else # rows
+            ident + list.join("\n#{ident}")
+        end
+
+        $stdout.puts content
+      end
+
+      # Prints a table.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # Array[Array[String, String, ...]]
+      #
+      # ==== Options
+      # ident<Integer>:: Ident the first column by ident value.
+      #
+      def print_table(table, options={})
+        return if table.empty?
+
+        formats = []
+        0.upto(table.first.length - 2) do |i|
+          maxima = table.max{ |a,b| a[i].size <=> b[i].size }[i].size
+          formats << "%-#{maxima + 2}s"
+        end
+
+        formats[0] = formats[0].insert(0, " " * options[:ident]) if options[:ident]
+        formats << "%s"
+
+        table.each do |row|
+          row.each_with_index do |column, i|
+            $stdout.print formats[i] % column.to_s
+          end
+          $stdout.puts
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Deals with file collision and returns true if the file should be
+      # overwriten and false otherwise. If a block is given, it uses the block
+      # response as the content for the diff.
+      #
+      # ==== Parameters
+      # destination<String>:: the destination file to solve conflicts
+      # block<Proc>:: an optional block that returns the value to be used in diff
+      #
+      def file_collision(destination)
+        return true if @always_force
+        options = block_given? ? "[Ynaqdh]" : "[Ynaqh]"
+
+        while true
+          answer = ask %[Overwrite #{destination}? (enter "h" for help) #{options}]
+
+          case answer
+            when is?(:yes), is?(:force)
+              return true
+            when is?(:no), is?(:skip)
+              return false
+            when is?(:always)
+              return @always_force = true
+            when is?(:quit)
+              say 'Aborting...'
+              raise SystemExit
+            when is?(:diff)
+              show_diff(destination, yield) if block_given?
+              say 'Retrying...'
+            else
+              say file_collision_help
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Called if something goes wrong during the execution. This is used by Thor
+      # internally and should not be used inside your scripts. If someone went
+      # wrong, you can always raise an exception. If you raise a Thor::Error, it
+      # will be rescued and wrapped in the method below.
+      #
+      def error(statement)
+        $stderr.puts statement
+      end
+
+      # Apply color to the given string with optional bold. Disabled in the
+      # Thor::Shell::Basic class.
+      #
+      def set_color(string, color, bold=false) #:nodoc:
+        string
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        def is?(value) #:nodoc:
+          value = value.to_s
+
+          if value.size == 1
+            /\A#{value}\z/i
+          else
+            /\A(#{value}|#{value[0,1]})\z/i
+          end
+        end
+
+        def file_collision_help #:nodoc:
+<<HELP
+Y - yes, overwrite
+n - no, do not overwrite
+a - all, overwrite this and all others
+q - quit, abort
+d - diff, show the differences between the old and the new
+h - help, show this help
+HELP
+        end
+
+        def show_diff(destination, content) #:nodoc:
+          diff_cmd = ENV['THOR_DIFF'] || ENV['RAILS_DIFF'] || 'diff -u'
+
+          Tempfile.open(File.basename(destination), File.dirname(destination)) do |temp|
+            temp.write content
+            temp.rewind
+            system %(#{diff_cmd} "#{destination}" "#{temp.path}")
+          end
+        end
+
+        def quiet? #:nodoc:
+          base && base.options[:quiet]
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell/color.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell/color.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..24704f7885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/shell/color.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+require 'thor/shell/basic'
+
+class Thor
+  module Shell
+    # Inherit from Thor::Shell::Basic and add set_color behavior. Check
+    # Thor::Shell::Basic to see all available methods.
+    #
+    class Color < Basic
+      # Embed in a String to clear all previous ANSI sequences.
+      CLEAR      = "\e[0m"
+      # The start of an ANSI bold sequence.
+      BOLD       = "\e[1m"
+
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to black.
+      BLACK      = "\e[30m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to red.
+      RED        = "\e[31m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to green.
+      GREEN      = "\e[32m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to yellow.
+      YELLOW     = "\e[33m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to blue.
+      BLUE       = "\e[34m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to magenta.
+      MAGENTA    = "\e[35m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to cyan.
+      CYAN       = "\e[36m"
+      # Set the terminal's foreground ANSI color to white.
+      WHITE      = "\e[37m"
+
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to black.
+      ON_BLACK   = "\e[40m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to red.
+      ON_RED     = "\e[41m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to green.
+      ON_GREEN   = "\e[42m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to yellow.
+      ON_YELLOW  = "\e[43m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to blue.
+      ON_BLUE    = "\e[44m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to magenta.
+      ON_MAGENTA = "\e[45m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to cyan.
+      ON_CYAN    = "\e[46m"
+      # Set the terminal's background ANSI color to white.
+      ON_WHITE   = "\e[47m"
+
+      # Set color by using a string or one of the defined constants. If a third
+      # option is set to true, it also adds bold to the string. This is based
+      # on Highline implementation and it automatically appends CLEAR to the end
+      # of the returned String.
+      #
+      def set_color(string, color, bold=false)
+        color = self.class.const_get(color.to_s.upcase) if color.is_a?(Symbol)
+        bold  = bold ? BOLD : ""
+        "#{bold}#{color}#{string}#{CLEAR}"
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Overwrite show_diff to show diff with colors if Diff::LCS is
+        # available.
+        #
+        def show_diff(destination, content) #:nodoc:
+          if diff_lcs_loaded? && ENV['THOR_DIFF'].nil? && ENV['RAILS_DIFF'].nil?
+            actual  = File.read(destination).to_s.split("\n")
+            content = content.to_s.split("\n")
+
+            Diff::LCS.sdiff(actual, content).each do |diff|
+              output_diff_line(diff)
+            end
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
+        def output_diff_line(diff) #:nodoc:
+          case diff.action
+            when '-'
+              say "- #{diff.old_element.chomp}", :red, true
+            when '+'
+              say "+ #{diff.new_element.chomp}", :green, true
+            when '!'
+              say "- #{diff.old_element.chomp}", :red, true
+              say "+ #{diff.new_element.chomp}", :green, true
+            else
+              say "  #{diff.old_element.chomp}", nil, true
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Check if Diff::LCS is loaded. If it is, use it to create pretty output
+        # for diff.
+        #
+        def diff_lcs_loaded? #:nodoc:
+          return true  if defined?(Diff::LCS)
+          return @diff_lcs_loaded unless @diff_lcs_loaded.nil?
+
+          @diff_lcs_loaded = begin
+            require 'diff/lcs'
+            true
+          rescue LoadError
+            false
+          end
+        end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/task.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/task.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91c7564d3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/task.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+class Thor
+  class Task < Struct.new(:name, :description, :usage, :options)
+
+    # A dynamic task that handles method missing scenarios.
+    #
+    class Dynamic < Task
+      def initialize(name)
+        super(name.to_s, "A dynamically-generated task", name.to_s)
+      end
+
+      def run(instance, args=[])
+        unless (instance.methods & [name.to_s, name.to_sym]).empty?
+          raise Error, "could not find Thor class or task '#{name}'"
+        end
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize(name, description, usage, options=nil)
+      super(name.to_s, description, usage, options || {})
+    end
+
+    def initialize_copy(other) #:nodoc:
+      super(other)
+      self.options = other.options.dup if other.options
+    end
+
+    def short_description
+      description.split("\n").first if description
+    end
+
+    # By default, a task invokes a method in the thor class. You can change this
+    # implementation to create custom tasks.
+    #
+    def run(instance, args=[])
+      raise UndefinedTaskError, "the '#{name}' task of #{instance.class} is private" unless public_method?(instance)
+      instance.send(name, *args)
+    rescue ArgumentError => e
+      parse_argument_error(instance, e, caller)
+    rescue NoMethodError => e
+      parse_no_method_error(instance, e)
+    end
+
+    # Returns the formatted usage. If a class is given, the class arguments are
+    # injected in the usage.
+    #
+    def formatted_usage(klass=nil, namespace=false, show_options=true)
+      formatted = if namespace.is_a?(String)
+        "#{namespace}:"
+      elsif klass && namespace
+        "#{klass.namespace.gsub(/^default/,'')}:"
+      else
+        ""
+      end
+
+      formatted << formatted_arguments(klass)
+      formatted << " #{formatted_options}" if show_options
+      formatted.strip!
+      formatted
+    end
+
+    # Injects the class arguments into the task usage.
+    #
+    def formatted_arguments(klass)
+      if klass && !klass.arguments.empty?
+        usage.to_s.gsub(/^#{name}/) do |match|
+          match << " " << klass.arguments.map{ |a| a.usage }.join(' ')
+        end
+      else
+        usage.to_s
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the options usage for this task.
+    #
+    def formatted_options
+      @formatted_options ||= options.map{ |_, o| o.usage }.sort.join(" ")
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+      # Given a target, checks if this class name is not a private/protected method.
+      #
+      def public_method?(instance) #:nodoc:
+        collection = instance.private_methods + instance.protected_methods
+        (collection & [name.to_s, name.to_sym]).empty?
+      end
+
+      # Clean everything that comes from the Thor gempath and remove the caller.
+      #
+      def sans_backtrace(backtrace, caller) #:nodoc:
+        dirname = /^#{Regexp.escape(File.dirname(__FILE__))}/
+        saned  = backtrace.reject { |frame| frame =~ dirname }
+        saned -= caller
+      end
+
+      def parse_argument_error(instance, e, caller) #:nodoc:
+        backtrace = sans_backtrace(e.backtrace, caller)
+
+        if backtrace.empty? && e.message =~ /wrong number of arguments/
+          if instance.is_a?(Thor::Group)
+            raise e, "'#{name}' was called incorrectly. Are you sure it has arity equals to 0?"
+          else
+            raise InvocationError, "'#{name}' was called incorrectly. Call as " <<
+                                   "'#{formatted_usage(instance.class, true)}'"
+          end
+        else
+          raise e
+        end
+      end
+
+      def parse_no_method_error(instance, e) #:nodoc:
+        if e.message =~ /^undefined method `#{name}' for #{Regexp.escape(instance.to_s)}$/
+          raise UndefinedTaskError, "The #{instance.class.namespace} namespace " <<
+                                    "doesn't have a '#{name}' task"
+        else
+          raise e
+        end
+      end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/util.rb b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/util.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..fd820d7462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/vendor/thor-0.11.6/lib/thor/util.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+require 'rbconfig'
+
+class Thor
+  module Sandbox #:nodoc:
+  end
+
+  # This module holds several utilities:
+  #
+  # 1) Methods to convert thor namespaces to constants and vice-versa.
+  #
+  #   Thor::Utils.namespace_from_thor_class(Foo::Bar::Baz) #=> "foo:bar:baz"
+  #
+  # 2) Loading thor files and sandboxing:
+  #
+  #   Thor::Utils.load_thorfile("~/.thor/foo")
+  #
+  module Util
+
+    # Receives a namespace and search for it in the Thor::Base subclasses.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # namespace<String>:: The namespace to search for.
+    #
+    def self.find_by_namespace(namespace)
+      namespace = "default#{namespace}" if namespace.empty? || namespace =~ /^:/
+
+      Thor::Base.subclasses.find do |klass|
+        klass.namespace == namespace
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Receives a constant and converts it to a Thor namespace. Since Thor tasks
+    # can be added to a sandbox, this method is also responsable for removing
+    # the sandbox namespace.
+    #
+    # This method should not be used in general because it's used to deal with
+    # older versions of Thor. On current versions, if you need to get the
+    # namespace from a class, just call namespace on it.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # constant<Object>:: The constant to be converted to the thor path.
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # String:: If we receive Foo::Bar::Baz it returns "foo:bar:baz"
+    #
+    def self.namespace_from_thor_class(constant, remove_default=true)
+      constant = constant.to_s.gsub(/^Thor::Sandbox::/, "")
+      constant = snake_case(constant).squeeze(":")
+      constant.gsub!(/^default/, '') if remove_default
+      constant
+    end
+
+    # Given the contents, evaluate it inside the sandbox and returns the
+    # namespaces defined in the sandbox.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # contents<String>
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # Array[Object]
+    #
+    def self.namespaces_in_content(contents, file=__FILE__)
+      old_constants = Thor::Base.subclasses.dup
+      Thor::Base.subclasses.clear
+
+      load_thorfile(file, contents)
+
+      new_constants = Thor::Base.subclasses.dup
+      Thor::Base.subclasses.replace(old_constants)
+
+      new_constants.map!{ |c| c.namespace }
+      new_constants.compact!
+      new_constants
+    end
+
+    # Returns the thor classes declared inside the given class.
+    #
+    def self.thor_classes_in(klass)
+      Thor::Base.subclasses.select do |subclass|
+        klass.constants.include?(subclass.name.gsub("#{klass.name}::", ''))
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Receives a string and convert it to snake case. SnakeCase returns snake_case.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # String
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # String
+    #
+    def self.snake_case(str)
+      return str.downcase if str =~ /^[A-Z_]+$/
+      str.gsub(/\B[A-Z]/, '_\&').squeeze('_') =~ /_*(.*)/
+      return $+.downcase
+    end
+
+    # Receives a string and convert it to camel case. camel_case returns CamelCase.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # String
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # String
+    #
+    def self.camel_case(str)
+      return str if str !~ /_/ && str =~ /[A-Z]+.*/
+      str.split('_').map { |i| i.capitalize }.join
+    end
+
+    # Receives a namespace and tries to retrieve a Thor or Thor::Group class
+    # from it. It first searches for a class using the all the given namespace,
+    # if it's not found, removes the highest entry and searches for the class
+    # again. If found, returns the highest entry as the class name.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   class Foo::Bar < Thor
+    #     def baz
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   class Baz::Foo < Thor::Group
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   Thor::Util.namespace_to_thor_class("foo:bar")     #=> Foo::Bar, nil # will invoke default task
+    #   Thor::Util.namespace_to_thor_class("baz:foo")     #=> Baz::Foo, nil
+    #   Thor::Util.namespace_to_thor_class("foo:bar:baz") #=> Foo::Bar, "baz"
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    # namespace<String>
+    #
+    # ==== Errors
+    # Thor::Error:: raised if the namespace cannot be found.
+    #
+    # Thor::Error:: raised if the namespace evals to a class which does not
+    #               inherit from Thor or Thor::Group.
+    #
+    def self.namespace_to_thor_class_and_task(namespace, raise_if_nil=true)
+      if namespace.include?(?:)
+        pieces = namespace.split(":")
+        task   = pieces.pop
+        klass  = Thor::Util.find_by_namespace(pieces.join(":"))
+      end
+
+      unless klass
+        klass, task = Thor::Util.find_by_namespace(namespace), nil
+      end
+
+      raise Error, "could not find Thor class or task '#{namespace}'" if raise_if_nil && klass.nil?
+      return klass, task
+    end
+
+    # Receives a path and load the thor file in the path. The file is evaluated
+    # inside the sandbox to avoid namespacing conflicts.
+    #
+    def self.load_thorfile(path, content=nil)
+      content ||= File.read(path)
+
+      begin
+        Thor::Sandbox.class_eval(content, path)
+      rescue Exception => e
+        $stderr.puts "WARNING: unable to load thorfile #{path.inspect}: #{e.message}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Receives a yaml (hash) and updates all constants entries to namespace.
+    # This was added to deal with deprecated versions of Thor.
+    #
+    # TODO Deprecate this method in the future.
+    #
+    # ==== Returns
+    # TrueClass|FalseClass:: Returns true if any change to the yaml file was made.
+    #
+    def self.convert_constants_to_namespaces(yaml)
+      yaml_changed = false
+
+      yaml.each do |k, v|
+        next unless v[:constants] && v[:namespaces].nil?
+        yaml_changed = true
+        yaml[k][:namespaces] = v[:constants].map{|c| Thor::Util.namespace_from_thor_class(c)}
+      end
+
+      yaml_changed
+    end
+
+    def self.user_home
+      @@user_home ||= if ENV["HOME"]
+        ENV["HOME"]
+      elsif ENV["USERPROFILE"]
+        ENV["USERPROFILE"]
+      elsif ENV["HOMEDRIVE"] && ENV["HOMEPATH"]
+        File.join(ENV["HOMEDRIVE"], ENV["HOMEPATH"])
+      elsif ENV["APPDATA"]
+        ENV["APPDATA"]
+      else
+        begin
+          File.expand_path("~")
+        rescue
+          if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+            "C:/"
+          else
+            "/"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the root where thor files are located, dependending on the OS.
+    #
+    def self.thor_root
+      File.join(user_home, ".thor")
+    end
+
+    # Returns the files in the thor root. On Windows thor_root will be something
+    # like this:
+    #
+    #   C:\Documents and Settings\james\.thor
+    #
+    # If we don't #gsub the \ character, Dir.glob will fail.
+    #
+    def self.thor_root_glob
+      files = Dir["#{thor_root.gsub(/\\/, '/')}/*"]
+
+      files.map! do |file|
+        File.directory?(file) ? File.join(file, "main.thor") : file
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Where to look for Thor files.
+    #
+    def self.globs_for(path)
+      ["#{path}/Thorfile", "#{path}/*.thor", "#{path}/tasks/*.thor", "#{path}/lib/tasks/*.thor"]
+    end
+
+    # Return the path to the ruby interpreter taking into account multiple
+    # installations and windows extensions.
+    #
+    def self.ruby_command
+      @ruby_command ||= begin
+        ruby = File.join(Config::CONFIG['bindir'], Config::CONFIG['ruby_install_name'])
+        ruby << Config::CONFIG['EXEEXT']
+
+        # escape string in case path to ruby executable contain spaces.
+        ruby.sub!(/.*\s.*/m, '"\&"')
+        ruby
+      end
+    end
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/webrick_server.rb b/railties/lib/rails/webrick_server.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2f60151b22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/webrick_server.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+# Donated by Florian Gross
+
+require 'webrick'
+require 'cgi'
+require 'stringio'
+require 'dispatcher'
+
+include WEBrick
+
+class CGI #:nodoc:
+  def stdinput
+    @stdin || $stdin
+  end
+  
+  def env_table
+    @env_table || ENV
+  end
+  
+  def initialize(type = "query", table = nil, stdin = nil)
+    @env_table, @stdin = table, stdin
+
+    if defined?(MOD_RUBY) && !ENV.key?("GATEWAY_INTERFACE")
+      Apache.request.setup_cgi_env
+    end
+
+    extend QueryExtension
+    @multipart = false
+    if defined?(CGI_PARAMS)
+      warn "do not use CGI_PARAMS and CGI_COOKIES"
+      @params = CGI_PARAMS.dup
+      @cookies = CGI_COOKIES.dup
+    else
+      initialize_query()  # set @params, @cookies
+    end
+    @output_cookies = nil
+    @output_hidden = nil
+  end
+end
+
+# A custom dispatch servlet for use with WEBrick. It dispatches requests
+# (using the Rails Dispatcher) to the appropriate controller/action. By default,
+# it restricts WEBrick to a managing a single Rails request at a time, but you
+# can change this behavior by setting ActionController::Base.allow_concurrency
+# to true.
+class DispatchServlet < WEBrick::HTTPServlet::AbstractServlet
+  # Start the WEBrick server with the given options, mounting the
+  # DispatchServlet at <tt>/</tt>.
+  def self.dispatch(options = {})
+    Socket.do_not_reverse_lookup = true # patch for OS X
+
+    params = { :Port        => options[:port].to_i,
+               :ServerType  => options[:server_type],
+               :BindAddress => options[:ip] }
+    params[:MimeTypes] = options[:mime_types] if options[:mime_types]
+
+    server = WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(params)
+    server.mount('/', DispatchServlet, options)
+
+    trap("INT") { server.shutdown }
+    server.start
+  end
+
+  def initialize(server, options) #:nodoc:
+    @server_options = options
+    @file_handler = WEBrick::HTTPServlet::FileHandler.new(server, options[:server_root])
+    # Change to the RAILS_ROOT, since Webrick::Daemon.start does a Dir::cwd("/")
+    # OPTIONS['working_directory'] is an absolute path of the RAILS_ROOT, set in railties/lib/commands/servers/webrick.rb
+    Dir.chdir(OPTIONS['working_directory']) if defined?(OPTIONS) && File.directory?(OPTIONS['working_directory'])
+    super
+  end
+
+  def service(req, res) #:nodoc:
+    unless handle_file(req, res)
+      unless handle_dispatch(req, res)
+        raise WEBrick::HTTPStatus::NotFound, "`#{req.path}' not found."
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def handle_file(req, res) #:nodoc:
+    begin
+      req = req.dup
+      path = req.path.dup
+
+      # Add .html if the last path piece has no . in it
+      path << '.html' if path != '/' && (%r{(^|/)[^./]+$} =~ path) 
+      path.gsub!('+', ' ') # Unescape + since FileHandler doesn't do so.
+
+      req.instance_variable_set(:@path_info, path) # Set the modified path...
+
+      @file_handler.send(:service, req, res)      
+      return true
+    rescue HTTPStatus::PartialContent, HTTPStatus::NotModified => err
+      res.set_error(err)
+      return true
+    rescue => err
+      return false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def handle_dispatch(req, res, origin = nil) #:nodoc:
+    data = StringIO.new
+    Dispatcher.dispatch(
+      CGI.new("query", create_env_table(req, origin), StringIO.new(req.body || "")), 
+      ActionController::CgiRequest::DEFAULT_SESSION_OPTIONS, 
+      data
+    )
+
+    header, body = extract_header_and_body(data)
+
+    set_charset(header)
+    assign_status(res, header)
+    res.cookies.concat(header.delete('set-cookie') || [])
+    header.each { |key, val| res[key] = val.join(", ") }
+    
+    res.body = body
+    return true
+  rescue => err
+    p err, err.backtrace
+    return false
+  end
+  
+  private
+    def create_env_table(req, origin)
+      env = req.meta_vars.clone
+      env.delete "SCRIPT_NAME"
+      env["QUERY_STRING"] = req.request_uri.query
+      env["REQUEST_URI"]  = origin if origin
+      return env
+    end
+    
+    def extract_header_and_body(data)
+      data.rewind
+      data = data.read
+
+      raw_header, body = *data.split(/^[\xd\xa]{2}/on, 2)
+      header = WEBrick::HTTPUtils::parse_header(raw_header)
+      
+      return header, body
+    end
+    
+    def set_charset(header)
+      ct = header["content-type"]
+      if ct.any? { |x| x =~ /^text\// } && ! ct.any? { |x| x =~ /charset=/ }
+        ch = @server_options[:charset] || "UTF-8"
+        ct.find { |x| x =~ /^text\// } << ("; charset=" + ch)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def assign_status(res, header)
+      if /^(\d+)/ =~ header['status'][0]
+        res.status = $1.to_i
+        header.delete('status')
+      end
+    end
+end