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authorDavid Heinemeier Hansson <david@loudthinking.com>2004-11-24 01:04:44 +0000
committerDavid Heinemeier Hansson <david@loudthinking.com>2004-11-24 01:04:44 +0000
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+== Welcome to Rails
+
+Rails is a web-application and persistance framework that includes everything
+needed to create database-backed web-applications according to the
+Model-View-Control pattern of separation. This pattern splits the view (also
+called the presentation) into "dumb" templates that are primarily responsible
+for inserting pre-build data in between HTML tags. The model contains the
+"smart" domain objects (such as Account, Product, Person, Post) that holds all
+the business logic and knows how to persist themselves to a database. The
+controller handles the incoming requests (such as Save New Account, Update
+Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model and directing data to the view.
+
+In Rails, the model is handled by what's called a object-relational mapping
+layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from
+database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic
+methods. You can read more about Active Record in
+link:files/vendor/activerecord/README.html.
+
+The controller and view is handled by the Action Pack, which handles both
+layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers
+are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is
+unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much
+more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of
+Rails. You can read more about Action Pack in
+link:files/vendor/actionpack/README.html.
+
+
+== Requirements
+
+* Database and driver (MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQLite)
+* Rake[http://rake.rubyforge.org] for running tests and the generating documentation
+
+== Optionals
+
+* Apache 1.3.x or 2.x (or any FastCGI-capable webserver with a
+ mod_rewrite-like module)
+* FastCGI (or mod_ruby) for production performance (CGI is used for
+ development)
+
+== Getting started
+
+1a. Setup Apache for the Rails application (see "Example for Apache conf")
+1b. Run the WEBrick servlet: <tt>ruby public/dispatch.servlet --help</tt>
+2. Go to http://rails/ (or whatever is your ServerName) and check
+ that you get the "Congratulations, you're on Rails!" screen
+3. Follow the guidelines on the "Congratulations, you're on Rails!" screen
+
+
+== Example for Apache conf
+
+ <VirtualHost *:80>
+ ServerName rails
+ DocumentRoot /path/tapplication/public/
+ ErrorLog /path/application/log/apache.log
+
+ <Directory /path/application/public/>
+ Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
+ AllowOverride all
+ Allow from all
+ Order allow,deny
+ </Directory>
+ </VirtualHost>
+
+NOTE: Be sure that CGIs can be executed in that directory as well. So ExecCGI
+should be on and ".cgi" should respond. All requests from 127.0.0.1 goes
+through CGI, so no Apache restart is necessary for changes. All other requests
+goes through FCGI (or mod_ruby) that requires restart to show changes.
+
+
+== Debugging Rails
+
+Have "tail -f" commands running on both the apache.log, production.log, and
+test.log files. Rails will automatically display debugging and runtime
+information to these files. Debugging info will also be shown in the browser
+on requests from 127.0.0.1.
+
+
+== Description of contents
+
+app
+ Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application.
+
+app/controllers
+ Holds controllers that should be named like weblog_controller.rb for
+ automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from
+ ActionController::Base.
+
+app/models
+ Holds models that should be named like post.rb.
+ Most models will descent from ActiveRecord::Base.
+
+app/views
+ Holds the template files for the view that should be named like
+ weblog/index.rhtml for the WeblogController#index action. All views uses eRuby
+ syntax. This directory can also be used to keep stylesheets, images, and so on
+ that can be symlinked to public.
+
+app/helpers
+ Holds view helpers that should be named like weblog_helper.rb.
+
+config
+ Configuration files for Apache, database, and other dependencies.
+
+lib
+ Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that doesn't
+ belong controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in the load path.
+
+public
+ The directory available for Apache, which includes symbolic links to other
+ parts of the structure that are to be made available. Refrain from placing
+ actual files in here if you're using CVS and don't want to check in this
+ directory.
+
+script
+ Helper scripts for automation and generation.
+
+test
+ Unit and functional tests along with fixtures.
+
+vendor
+ External libraries that the application depend on. This directory is in the load path.