Add more rubocop rules about whitespaces

76 files changed, 1033 insertions, 1033 deletions

diff --git a/activesupport/bin/generate_tables b/activesupport/bin/generate_tables
index ef220e0329..5d912f375c 100755
--- a/activesupport/bin/generate_tables
+++ b/activesupport/bin/generate_tables
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
           codepoint.code              = $1.hex
           codepoint.combining_class   = Integer($4)
           codepoint.decomp_type       = $7
-          codepoint.decomp_mapping    = ($8=="") ? nil : $8.split.collect(&:hex)
-          codepoint.uppercase_mapping = ($16=="") ? 0 : $16.hex
-          codepoint.lowercase_mapping = ($17=="") ? 0 : $17.hex
+          codepoint.decomp_mapping    = ($8 == "") ? nil : $8.split.collect(&:hex)
+          codepoint.uppercase_mapping = ($16 == "") ? 0 : $16.hex
+          codepoint.lowercase_mapping = ($17 == "") ? 0 : $17.hex
           @ucd.codepoints[codepoint.code] = codepoint
         end
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         end
 
         def normalize_boundary_map
-          @ucd.boundary.each do |k,v|
+          @ucd.boundary.each do |k, v|
             if [:lf, :cr].include? k
               @ucd.boundary[k] = v[0]
             end
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
         def parse
           SOURCES.each do |type, url|
-            filename =  File.join(Dir.tmpdir, "#{url.split('/').last}")
+            filename = File.join(Dir.tmpdir, "#{url.split('/').last}")
             unless File.exist?(filename)
               $stderr.puts "Downloading #{url.split('/').last}"
               File.open(filename, "wb") do |target|
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache.rb
index ad02546755..02218b8eaa 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache.rb
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
               key = key.first
             end
           when Hash
-            key = key.sort_by { |k,_| k.to_s }.collect { |k,v| "#{k}=#{v}" }
+            key = key.sort_by { |k, _| k.to_s }.collect { |k, v| "#{k}=#{v}" }
           end
 
           key.to_param
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/memory_store.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/memory_store.rb
index 1a8477f9fe..968e72d765 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/memory_store.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/memory_store.rb
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
           start_time = Time.now
           cleanup
           instrument(:prune, target_size, from: @cache_size) do
-            keys = synchronize { @key_access.keys.sort { |a,b| @key_access[a].to_f <=> @key_access[b].to_f } }
+            keys = synchronize { @key_access.keys.sort { |a, b| @key_access[a].to_f <=> @key_access[b].to_f } }
             keys.each do |key|
               delete_entry(key, options)
               return if @cache_size <= target_size || (max_time && Time.now - start_time > max_time)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb
index af51f66dda..174cb72b1e 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
           attr_reader :name, :local_cache_key
 
           def initialize(name, local_cache_key)
-            @name             = name
+            @name = name
             @local_cache_key = local_cache_key
-            @app              = nil
+            @app = nil
           end
 
           def new(app)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb
index 2ad1145fae..af8ddb176f 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         attr_reader :chain_config
 
         def initialize(name, filter, kind, options, chain_config)
-          @chain_config  = chain_config
+          @chain_config = chain_config
           @name    = name
           @kind    = kind
           @filter  = filter
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/date_time/conversions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/date_time/conversions.rb
index 44ae96dbe8..d9b3743858 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/date_time/conversions.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/date_time/conversions.rb
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ class DateTime
   #   # => Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0300
   #   DateTime.civil_from_format :local, 2012, 12, 17
   #   # => Mon, 17 Dec 2012 00:00:00 +0000
-  def self.civil_from_format(utc_or_local, year, month=1, day=1, hour=0, min=0, sec=0)
+  def self.civil_from_format(utc_or_local, year, month = 1, day = 1, hour = 0, min = 0, sec = 0)
     if utc_or_local.to_sym == :local
       offset = ::Time.local(year, month, day).utc_offset.to_r / 86400
     else
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb
index 3cd96ccb9a..2a58a7f1ca 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       def normalize_keys(params)
         case params
         when Hash
-          Hash[params.map { |k,v| [k.to_s.tr("-", "_"), normalize_keys(v)] } ]
+          Hash[params.map { |k, v| [k.to_s.tr("-", "_"), normalize_keys(v)] } ]
         when Array
           params.map { |v| normalize_keys(v) }
           else
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         end
 
         if become_array?(value)
-          _, entries = Array.wrap(value.detect { |k,v| not v.is_a?(String) })
+          _, entries = Array.wrap(value.detect { |k, v| not v.is_a?(String) })
           if entries.nil? || value["__content__"].try(:empty?)
             []
           else
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         elsif become_empty_string?(value)
           ""
         elsif become_hash?(value)
-          xml_value = Hash[value.map { |k,v| [k, deep_to_h(v)] }]
+          xml_value = Hash[value.map { |k, v| [k, deep_to_h(v)] }]
 
           # Turn { files: { file: #<StringIO> } } into { files: #<StringIO> } so it is compatible with
           # how multipart uploaded files from HTML appear
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/reverse_merge.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/reverse_merge.rb
index db3e7508e7..efb9d1b8a0 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/reverse_merge.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/reverse_merge.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class Hash
   # Destructive +reverse_merge+.
   def reverse_merge!(other_hash)
     # right wins if there is no left
-    merge!( other_hash ) { |key,left,right| left }
+    merge!(other_hash) { |key, left, right| left }
   end
   alias_method :reverse_update, :reverse_merge!
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/qualified_const.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/qualified_const.rb
index 62f0687ae9..b9814e1dbe 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/qualified_const.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/qualified_const.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ end
 # Object.const_get('::String') raises NameError and so does qualified_const_get.
 #++
 class Module
-  def qualified_const_defined?(path, search_parents=true)
+  def qualified_const_defined?(path, search_parents = true)
     ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MESSAGE.squish)
       Module#qualified_const_defined? is deprecated in favour of the builtin
       Module#const_defined? and will be removed in Rails 5.1.
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/regexp.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/regexp.rb
index 062d568228..d77d01bf42 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/regexp.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/regexp.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ class Regexp #:nodoc:
     options & MULTILINE == MULTILINE
   end
 
-  def match?(string, pos=0)
+  def match?(string, pos = 0)
     !!match(string, pos)
   end unless //.respond_to?(:match?)
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/securerandom.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/securerandom.rb
index 92392d1a92..b2e4fff79a 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/securerandom.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/securerandom.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require "securerandom"
 
 module SecureRandom
-  BASE58_ALPHABET = ("0".."9").to_a  + ("A".."Z").to_a + ("a".."z").to_a - ["0", "O", "I", "l"]
+  BASE58_ALPHABET = ("0".."9").to_a + ("A".."Z").to_a + ("a".."z").to_a - ["0", "O", "I", "l"]
   # SecureRandom.base58 generates a random base58 string.
   #
   # The argument _n_ specifies the length, of the random string to be generated.
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/indent.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/indent.rb
index e87f72fdbd..d7b58301d3 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/indent.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/indent.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ class String
   # Same as +indent+, except it indents the receiver in-place.
   #
   # Returns the indented string, or +nil+ if there was nothing to indent.
-  def indent!(amount, indent_string=nil, indent_empty_lines=false)
+  def indent!(amount, indent_string = nil, indent_empty_lines = false)
     indent_string = indent_string || self[/^[ \t]/] || " "
     re = indent_empty_lines ? /^/ : /^(?!$)/
     gsub!(re, indent_string * amount)
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class String
   #   "foo\n\nbar".indent(2)            # => "  foo\n\n  bar"
   #   "foo\n\nbar".indent(2, nil, true) # => "  foo\n  \n  bar"
   #
-  def indent(amount, indent_string=nil, indent_empty_lines=false)
+  def indent(amount, indent_string = nil, indent_empty_lines = false)
     dup.tap { |_| _.indent!(amount, indent_string, indent_empty_lines) }
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb
index 2b7e556ced..227c34b032 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ module ActiveSupport #:nodoc:
     def %(args)
       case args
       when Hash
-        escaped_args = Hash[args.map { |k,arg| [k, html_escape_interpolated_argument(arg)] }]
+        escaped_args = Hash[args.map { |k, arg| [k, html_escape_interpolated_argument(arg)] }]
       else
         escaped_args = Array(args).map { |arg| html_escape_interpolated_argument(arg) }
       end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb
index 2cbfa14772..cbdcb86d6d 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ class Time
       raise ArgumentError, "Can't change both :nsec and :usec at the same time: #{options.inspect}" if options[:usec]
       new_usec = Rational(new_nsec, 1000)
     else
-      new_usec  = options.fetch(:usec, (options[:hour] || options[:min] || options[:sec]) ? 0 : Rational(nsec, 1000))
+      new_usec = options.fetch(:usec, (options[:hour] || options[:min] || options[:sec]) ? 0 : Rational(nsec, 1000))
     end
 
     if utc?
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb
index 216d52164e..cad0d6d2e9 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ module ActiveSupport #:nodoc:
 
       def initialize
         @watching = []
-        @stack = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
+        @stack = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
       end
 
       def each(&block)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb
index 6ec0c3a70a..862dabb1e8 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
 
     def -@ #:nodoc:
-      Duration.new(-value, parts.map { |type,number| [type, -number] })
+      Duration.new(-value, parts.map { |type, number| [type, -number] })
     end
 
     def is_a?(klass) #:nodoc:
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
     def inspect #:nodoc:
       parts.
-        reduce(::Hash.new(0)) { |h,(l,r)| h[l] += r; h }.
+        reduce(::Hash.new(0)) { |h, (l, r)| h[l] += r; h }.
         sort_by { |unit,  _ | [:years, :months, :weeks, :days, :hours, :minutes, :seconds].index(unit) }.
         map     { |unit, val| "#{val} #{val == 1 ? unit.to_s.chop : unit.to_s}" }.
         to_sentence(locale: ::I18n.default_locale)
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       to_i
     end
 
-    def respond_to_missing?(method, include_private=false) #:nodoc:
+    def respond_to_missing?(method, include_private = false) #:nodoc:
       @value.respond_to?(method, include_private)
     end
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     protected
 
       def sum(sign, time = ::Time.current) #:nodoc:
-        parts.inject(time) do |t,(type,number)|
+        parts.inject(time) do |t, (type, number)|
           if t.acts_like?(:time) || t.acts_like?(:date)
             if type == :seconds
               t.since(sign * number)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration/iso8601_serializer.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration/iso8601_serializer.rb
index 542630b950..39b1b40e72 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration/iso8601_serializer.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration/iso8601_serializer.rb
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         # Zero parts are removed as not significant.
         # If all parts are negative it will negate all of them and return minus as a sign.
         def normalize
-          parts = @duration.parts.each_with_object(Hash.new(0)) do |(k,v),p|
+          parts = @duration.parts.each_with_object(Hash.new(0)) do |(k, v), p|
             p[k] += v  unless v.zero?
           end
           # If all parts are negative - let's make a negative duration
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb
index 98aceabe21..2dbbfadac1 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       end
 
       def escape(key)
-        key.gsub(",",'\,')
+        key.gsub(",", '\,')
       end
 
       def compile_ext(array)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/gzip.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/gzip.rb
index 4aee8dddba..84eef6a623 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/gzip.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/gzip.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
 
     # Compresses a string using gzip.
-    def self.compress(source, level=Zlib::DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, strategy=Zlib::DEFAULT_STRATEGY)
+    def self.compress(source, level = Zlib::DEFAULT_COMPRESSION, strategy = Zlib::DEFAULT_STRATEGY)
       output = Stream.new
       gz = Zlib::GzipWriter.new(output, level, strategy)
       gz.write(source)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
index d3bb5496bf..1bed489547 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access.rb
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
     # Same semantics as +reverse_merge+ but modifies the receiver in-place.
     def reverse_merge!(other_hash)
-      replace(reverse_merge( other_hash ))
+      replace(reverse_merge(other_hash))
     end
 
     # Replaces the contents of this hash with other_hash.
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb
index c80243c40a..ef3df1240d 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     def demodulize(path)
       path = path.to_s
       if i = path.rindex("::")
-        path[(i+2)..-1]
+        path[(i + 2)..-1]
       else
         path
       end
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
         return Regexp.escape(camel_cased_word) if parts.blank?
 
-        last  = parts.pop
+        last = parts.pop
 
         parts.reverse.inject(last) do |acc, part|
           part.empty? ? acc : "#{part}(::#{acc})?"
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb
index 1064398d8c..23ab804eb1 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/key_generator.rb
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     # Returns a derived key suitable for use.  The default key_size is chosen
     # to be compatible with the default settings of ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.
     # i.e. OpenSSL::Digest::SHA1#block_length
-    def generate_key(salt, key_size=64)
+    def generate_key(salt, key_size = 64)
       OpenSSL::PKCS5.pbkdf2_hmac_sha1(@secret, salt, @iterations, key_size)
     end
   end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb
index ae1897b886..720ed47331 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ module ActiveSupport
   module LazyLoadHooks
     def self.extended(base) # :nodoc:
       base.class_eval do
-        @load_hooks = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
-        @loaded     = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
+        @load_hooks = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
+        @loaded     = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber.rb
index e5812d75d0..cb6ea095b8 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber.rb
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     # option is set to +true+, it also adds bold to the string. This is based
     # on the Highline implementation and will automatically append CLEAR to the
     # end of the returned String.
-    def color(text, color, bold=false)
+    def color(text, color, bold = false)
       return text unless colorize_logging
       color = self.class.const_get(color.upcase) if color.is_a?(Symbol)
       bold  = bold ? BOLD : ""
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber/test_helper.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber/test_helper.rb
index a7e30632f6..953ee77c2a 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber/test_helper.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/log_subscriber/test_helper.rb
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         def initialize(level = DEBUG)
           @flush_count = 0
           @level = level
-          @logged = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = [] }
+          @logged = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
         end
 
         def method_missing(level, message = nil)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/multibyte/unicode.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/multibyte/unicode.rb
index 217919ccb8..7842264b39 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/multibyte/unicode.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/multibyte/unicode.rb
@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
         pos = 0
         marker = 0
         eoc = codepoints.length
-        while(pos < eoc)
+        while (pos < eoc)
           pos += 1
-          previous = codepoints[pos-1]
+          previous = codepoints[pos - 1]
           current = codepoints[pos]
 
           should_break =
@@ -62,19 +62,19 @@ module ActiveSupport
             if previous == database.boundary[:cr] && current == database.boundary[:lf]
               false
             # GB4. (Control|CR|LF) ÷
-            elsif previous && in_char_class?(previous, [:control,:cr,:lf])
+            elsif previous && in_char_class?(previous, [:control, :cr, :lf])
               true
             # GB5. ÷ (Control|CR|LF)
-            elsif in_char_class?(current, [:control,:cr,:lf])
+            elsif in_char_class?(current, [:control, :cr, :lf])
               true
             # GB6. L X (L|V|LV|LVT)
-            elsif database.boundary[:l] === previous && in_char_class?(current, [:l,:v,:lv,:lvt])
+            elsif database.boundary[:l] === previous && in_char_class?(current, [:l, :v, :lv, :lvt])
               false
             # GB7. (LV|V) X (V|T)
-            elsif in_char_class?(previous, [:lv,:v]) && in_char_class?(current, [:v,:t])
+            elsif in_char_class?(previous, [:lv, :v]) && in_char_class?(current, [:v, :t])
               false
             # GB8. (LVT|T) X (T)
-            elsif in_char_class?(previous, [:lvt,:t]) && database.boundary[:t] === current
+            elsif in_char_class?(previous, [:lvt, :t]) && database.boundary[:t] === current
               false
             # GB8a. Regional_Indicator X Regional_Indicator
             elsif database.boundary[:regional_indicator] === previous && database.boundary[:regional_indicator] === current
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
             end
 
           if should_break
-            unpacked << codepoints[marker..pos-1]
+            unpacked << codepoints[marker..pos - 1]
             marker = pos
           end
         end
@@ -110,12 +110,12 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
       # Re-order codepoints so the string becomes canonical.
       def reorder_characters(codepoints)
-        length = codepoints.length- 1
+        length = codepoints.length - 1
         pos = 0
         while pos < length do
-          cp1, cp2 = database.codepoints[codepoints[pos]], database.codepoints[codepoints[pos+1]]
+          cp1, cp2 = database.codepoints[codepoints[pos]], database.codepoints[codepoints[pos + 1]]
           if (cp1.combining_class > cp2.combining_class) && (cp2.combining_class > 0)
-            codepoints[pos..pos+1] = cp2.code, cp1.code
+            codepoints[pos..pos + 1] = cp2.code, cp1.code
             pos += (pos > 0 ? -1 : 1)
           else
             pos += 1
@@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
           lindex = starter_char - HANGUL_LBASE
           # -- Hangul
           if 0 <= lindex && lindex < HANGUL_LCOUNT
-            vindex = codepoints[starter_pos+1] - HANGUL_VBASE rescue vindex = -1
+            vindex = codepoints[starter_pos + 1] - HANGUL_VBASE rescue vindex = -1
             if 0 <= vindex && vindex < HANGUL_VCOUNT
-              tindex = codepoints[starter_pos+2] - HANGUL_TBASE rescue tindex = -1
+              tindex = codepoints[starter_pos + 2] - HANGUL_TBASE rescue tindex = -1
               if 0 <= tindex && tindex < HANGUL_TCOUNT
                 j = starter_pos + 2
                 eoa -= 2
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       # * <tt>form</tt> - The form you want to normalize in. Should be one of
       #   the following: <tt>:c</tt>, <tt>:kc</tt>, <tt>:d</tt>, or <tt>:kd</tt>.
       #   Default is ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Unicode.default_normalization_form.
-      def normalize(string, form=nil)
+      def normalize(string, form = nil)
         form ||= @default_normalization_form
         # See http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15, Table 1
         codepoints = string.codepoints.to_a
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb
index 23262d5398..e11e2e0689 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       # Instrument the given block by measuring the time taken to execute it
       # and publish it. Notice that events get sent even if an error occurs
       # in the passed-in block.
-      def instrument(name, payload={})
+      def instrument(name, payload = {})
         # some of the listeners might have state
         listeners_state = start name, payload
         begin
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_converter.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_converter.rb
index 695ee1dad3..56185ddf4b 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_converter.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_converter.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
         units = opts[:units]
         exponent = calculate_exponent(units)
-        @number = number / (10 ** exponent)
+        @number = number / (10**exponent)
 
         until (rounded_number = NumberToRoundedConverter.convert(number, options)) != NumberToRoundedConverter.convert(1000, options)
           @number = number / 1000.0
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_size_converter.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_size_converter.rb
index 78cb33aa62..02b4231794 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_size_converter.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_human_size_converter.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         if smaller_than_base?
           number_to_format = number.to_i.to_s
         else
-          human_size = number / (base ** exponent)
+          human_size = number / (base**exponent)
           number_to_format = NumberToRoundedConverter.convert(human_size, options)
         end
         conversion_format.gsub("%n".freeze, number_to_format).gsub("%u".freeze, unit)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_phone_converter.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_phone_converter.rb
index c2612f9a9b..1de9f50f34 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_phone_converter.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_phone_converter.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
   module NumberHelper
     class NumberToPhoneConverter < NumberConverter #:nodoc:
       def convert
-        str  = country_code(opts[:country_code])
+        str = country_code(opts[:country_code])
         str << convert_to_phone_number(number.to_s.strip)
         str << phone_ext(opts[:extension])
       end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_rounded_converter.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_rounded_converter.rb
index cfcb0045fb..1f013990ea 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_rounded_converter.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/number_helper/number_to_rounded_converter.rb
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
             [1, 0]
           else
             digits = digit_count(number)
-            multiplier = 10 ** (digits - precision)
+            multiplier = 10**(digits - precision)
             rounded_number = calculate_rounded_number(multiplier)
             digits = digit_count(rounded_number) # After rounding, the number of digits may have changed
             [digits, rounded_number]
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_hash.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_hash.rb
index 793bc9e22d..3aa0a14f04 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_hash.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_hash.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
 
     def encode_with(coder)
-      coder.represent_seq "!omap", map { |k,v| { k => v } }
+      coder.represent_seq "!omap", map { |k, v| { k => v } }
     end
 
     def select(*args, &block)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_options.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_options.rb
index 14ed9049be..04d6dfaf9c 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_options.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/ordered_options.rb
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
     def initialize(parent = nil)
       if parent.kind_of?(OrderedOptions)
         # use the faster _get when dealing with OrderedOptions
-        super() { |h,k| parent._get(k) }
+        super() { |h, k| parent._get(k) }
       elsif parent
-        super() { |h,k| parent[k] }
+        super() { |h, k| parent[k] }
       else
         super()
       end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/subscriber.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/subscriber.rb
index 0f09f1eb63..c018d3e245 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/subscriber.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/subscriber.rb
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
   class Subscriber
     class << self
       # Attach the subscriber to a namespace.
-      def attach_to(namespace, subscriber=new, notifier=ActiveSupport::Notifications)
+      def attach_to(namespace, subscriber = new, notifier = ActiveSupport::Notifications)
         @namespace  = namespace
         @subscriber = subscriber
         @notifier   = notifier
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/declarative.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/declarative.rb
index 0bf3643a56..53ab3ebf78 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/declarative.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/declarative.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         #     ...
         #   end
         def test(name, &block)
-          test_name = "test_#{name.gsub(/\s+/,'_')}".to_sym
+          test_name = "test_#{name.gsub(/\s+/, '_')}".to_sym
           defined = method_defined? test_name
           raise "#{test_name} is already defined in #{self}" if defined
           if block_given?
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/values/time_zone.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/values/time_zone.rb
index a562f33420..09cb9cbbe1 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/values/time_zone.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/values/time_zone.rb
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     #   zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone['Central Time (US & Canada)']
     #   zone.formatted_offset        # => "-06:00"
     #   zone.formatted_offset(false) # => "-0600"
-    def formatted_offset(colon=true, alternate_utc_string = nil)
+    def formatted_offset(colon = true, alternate_utc_string = nil)
       utc_offset == 0 && alternate_utc_string || self.class.seconds_to_utc_offset(utc_offset, colon)
     end
 
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     # components are supplied, then the day of the month defaults to 1:
     #
     #   Time.zone.parse('Mar 2000') # => Wed, 01 Mar 2000 00:00:00 HST -10:00
-    def parse(str, now=now())
+    def parse(str, now = now())
       parts_to_time(Date._parse(str, false), now)
     end
 
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     # components are supplied, then the day of the month defaults to 1:
     #
     #   Time.zone.strptime('Mar 2000', '%b %Y') # => Wed, 01 Mar 2000 00:00:00 HST -10:00
-    def strptime(str, format, now=now())
+    def strptime(str, format, now = now())
       parts_to_time(DateTime._strptime(str, format), now)
     end
 
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
     # Adjust the given time to the simultaneous time in UTC. Returns a
     # Time.utc() instance.
-    def local_to_utc(time, dst=true)
+    def local_to_utc(time, dst = true)
       tzinfo.local_to_utc(time, dst)
     end
 
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
     # Available so that TimeZone instances respond like TZInfo::Timezone
     # instances.
-    def period_for_local(time, dst=true)
+    def period_for_local(time, dst = true)
       tzinfo.period_for_local(time, dst)
     end
 
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
 
     def encode_with(coder) #:nodoc:
-      coder.tag ="!ruby/object:#{self.class}"
+      coder.tag = "!ruby/object:#{self.class}"
       coder.map = { "name" => tzinfo.name }
     end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini.rb
index 921a3447d0..e16581d697 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini.rb
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
 
       def _dasherize(key)
         # $2 must be a non-greedy regex for this to work
-        left, middle, right = /\A(_*)(.*?)(_*)\Z/.match(key.strip)[1,3]
+        left, middle, right = /\A(_*)(.*?)(_*)\Z/.match(key.strip)[1, 3]
         "#{left}#{middle.tr('_ ', '--')}#{right}"
       end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb
index 10498c9be0..a7939b3185 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         attributes = element.attributes
         (0...attributes.length).each do |i|
           attribute_hash[CONTENT_KEY] ||= ""
-          attribute_hash[attributes.item(i).name] =  attributes.item(i).value
+          attribute_hash[attributes.item(i).name] = attributes.item(i).value
         end
         attribute_hash
       end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/libxml.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/libxml.rb
index 8a4aa03963..44b0bdb7dc 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/libxml.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/libxml.rb
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ module LibXML #:nodoc:
       #
       # hash::
       #   Hash to merge the converted element into.
-      def to_hash(hash={})
+      def to_hash(hash = {})
         node_hash = {}
 
         # Insert node hash into parent hash correctly.
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/nokogiri.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/nokogiri.rb
index b92fa7ea7c..4c2be3f3ec 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/nokogiri.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/nokogiri.rb
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         #
         # hash::
         #   Hash to merge the converted element into.
-        def to_hash(hash={})
+        def to_hash(hash = {})
           node_hash = {}
 
           # Insert node hash into parent hash correctly.
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/rexml.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/rexml.rb
index 091a15294c..03fa910fa5 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/rexml.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/rexml.rb
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       #   XML element to extract attributes from.
       def get_attributes(element)
         attributes = {}
-        element.attributes.each { |n,v| attributes[n] = v }
+        element.attributes.each { |n, v| attributes[n] = v }
         attributes
       end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/broadcast_logger_test.rb b/activesupport/test/broadcast_logger_test.rb
index 4b74f1313e..d003a33471 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/broadcast_logger_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/broadcast_logger_test.rb
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         @chevrons << x
       end
 
-      def add(message_level, message=nil, progname=nil, &block)
+      def add(message_level, message = nil, progname = nil, &block)
         @adds << [message_level, message, progname] if message_level >= local_level
       end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/caching_test.rb b/activesupport/test/caching_test.rb
index 0df4173a1a..f489ded1be 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/caching_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/caching_test.rb
@@ -838,8 +838,8 @@ class FileStoreTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_long_uri_encoded_keys
-    @cache.write("%"*870, 1)
-    assert_equal 1, @cache.read("%"*870)
+    @cache.write("%" * 870, 1)
+    assert_equal 1, @cache.read("%" * 870)
   end
 
   def test_key_transformation
@@ -859,7 +859,7 @@ class FileStoreTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     key = "#{'A' * ActiveSupport::Cache::FileStore::FILENAME_MAX_SIZE}"
     path = @cache.send(:normalize_key, key, {})
     Dir::Tmpname.create(path) do |tmpname, n, opts|
-      assert File.basename(tmpname+".lock").length <= 255, "Temp filename too long: #{File.basename(tmpname+'.lock').length}"
+      assert File.basename(tmpname + ".lock").length <= 255, "Temp filename too long: #{File.basename(tmpname + '.lock').length}"
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/callbacks_test.rb b/activesupport/test/callbacks_test.rb
index 783952c8c7..aadc40ab84 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/callbacks_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/callbacks_test.rb
@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ module CallbacksTest
 
     def test_proc_arity_2
       assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
-        klass = build_class(->(x,y) {})
+        klass = build_class(->(x, y) {})
         klass.new.run
       end
     end
@@ -1029,7 +1029,7 @@ module CallbacksTest
 
     def test_proc_arity2
       assert_raises(ArgumentError) do
-        object = build_class(->(a,b) {}).new
+        object = build_class(->(a, b) {}).new
         object.run
       end
     end
@@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ module CallbacksTest
 
     def test_skip_string # raises error
       calls = []
-      klass =  ActiveSupport::Deprecation.silence { build_class("bar") }
+      klass = ActiveSupport::Deprecation.silence { build_class("bar") }
       klass.class_eval { define_method(:bar) { calls << klass } }
       assert_raises(ArgumentError) { klass.skip "bar" }
       klass.new.run
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/array/grouping_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/array/grouping_test.rb
index b06f87c008..4c6aadba8c 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/array/grouping_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/array/grouping_test.rb
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ class SplitTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_split_with_block
     a = (1..10).to_a
     assert_equal [[1, 2], [4, 5], [7, 8], [10]], a.split { |i| i % 3 == 0 }
-    assert_equal [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ,10], a
+    assert_equal [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , 10], a
   end
 
   def test_split_with_edge_values
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_behavior.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_behavior.rb
index 6cc9781e02..6c77e8f313 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_behavior.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_behavior.rb
@@ -2,106 +2,106 @@ require "abstract_unit"
 
 module DateAndTimeBehavior
   def test_yesterday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,21,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,2,22,10,10,10).yesterday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,3,2,10,10,10).yesterday.yesterday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 21, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).yesterday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 3, 2, 10, 10, 10).yesterday.yesterday
   end
 
   def test_prev_day
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,21,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,2,22,10,10,10).prev_day
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,3,2,10,10,10).prev_day.prev_day
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 21, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).prev_day
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 3, 2, 10, 10, 10).prev_day.prev_day
   end
 
   def test_tomorrow
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,23,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,2,22,10,10,10).tomorrow
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,3,2,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10).tomorrow.tomorrow
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 23, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).tomorrow
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 3, 2, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10).tomorrow.tomorrow
   end
 
   def test_next_day
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,23,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,2,22,10,10,10).next_day
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,3,2,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10).next_day.next_day
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 23, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).next_day
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 3, 2, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10).next_day.next_day
   end
 
   def test_days_ago
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,6,4,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).days_ago(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,5,31,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).days_ago(5)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 6, 4, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).days_ago(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 5, 31, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).days_ago(5)
   end
 
   def test_days_since
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,6,6,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).days_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,1,1,10,10,10), date_time_init(2004,12,31,10,10,10).days_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 6, 6, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).days_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 1, 1, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2004, 12, 31, 10, 10, 10).days_since(1)
   end
 
   def test_weeks_ago
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,5,29,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).weeks_ago(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,5,1,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).weeks_ago(5)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,4,24,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).weeks_ago(6)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,27,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).weeks_ago(14)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,12,25,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,1,1,10,10,10).weeks_ago(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 5, 29, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).weeks_ago(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 5, 1, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).weeks_ago(5)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 4, 24, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).weeks_ago(6)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 27, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).weeks_ago(14)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 12, 25, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 1, 1, 10, 10, 10).weeks_ago(1)
   end
 
   def test_weeks_since
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,7,14,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,7,7,10,10,10).weeks_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,7,14,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,7,7,10,10,10).weeks_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,7,4,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,27,10,10,10).weeks_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,1,4,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2004,12,28,10,10,10).weeks_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 7, 14, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 7, 7, 10, 10, 10).weeks_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 7, 14, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 7, 7, 10, 10, 10).weeks_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 7, 4, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 27, 10, 10, 10).weeks_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 1, 4, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2004, 12, 28, 10, 10, 10).weeks_since(1)
   end
 
   def test_months_ago
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,5,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_ago(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,11,5,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_ago(7)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,12,5,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_ago(6)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_ago(12)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2003,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_ago(24)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 5, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_ago(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 11, 5, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_ago(7)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 12, 5, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_ago(6)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_ago(12)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2003, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_ago(24)
   end
 
   def test_months_since
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,7,5,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,1,5,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,12,5,10,10,10).months_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,12,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_since(6)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,6,5,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,12,5,10,10,10).months_since(6)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,1,5,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_since(7)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,6,5,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_since(12)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,6,5,10,10,10),   date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).months_since(24)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,4,30,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,3,31,10,10,10).months_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,1,29,10,10,10).months_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,1,30,10,10,10).months_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,1,31,10,10,10).months_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 7, 5, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 1, 5, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 12, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 12, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(6)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 12, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(6)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 1, 5, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(7)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(12)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).months_since(24)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 4, 30, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 31, 10, 10, 10).months_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 1, 29, 10, 10, 10).months_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 1, 30, 10, 10, 10).months_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 1, 31, 10, 10, 10).months_since(1)
   end
 
   def test_years_ago
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).years_ago(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(1998,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).years_ago(7)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2003,2,28,10,10,10), date_time_init(2004,2,29,10,10,10).years_ago(1) # 1 year ago from leap day
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).years_ago(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(1998, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).years_ago(7)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2003, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2004, 2, 29, 10, 10, 10).years_ago(1) # 1 year ago from leap day
   end
 
   def test_years_since
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).years_since(1)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2012,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).years_since(7)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,10,10,10), date_time_init(2004,2,29,10,10,10).years_since(1) # 1 year since leap day
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2182,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).years_since(177)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).years_since(1)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2012, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).years_since(7)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2004, 2, 29, 10, 10, 10).years_since(1) # 1 year since leap day
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2182, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).years_since(177)
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_month
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,1,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,2,22,10,10,10).beginning_of_month
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_month
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,1,1,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,2,15,10,10,10).beginning_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,1,1,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,1,1,0,0,0).beginning_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,10,1,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,12,31,10,10,10).beginning_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,4,1,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,6,30,23,59,59).beginning_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 2, 15, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 10, 1, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 12, 31, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 30, 23, 59, 59).beginning_of_quarter
   end
 
   def test_end_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,3,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,2,15,10,10,10).end_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,3,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,3,31,0,0,0).end_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,12,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,12,21,10,10,10).end_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,6,30,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,4,1,0,0,0).end_of_quarter
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2008,6,30,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2008,5,31,0,0,0).end_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 3, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 2, 15, 10, 10, 10).end_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 3, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 3, 31, 0, 0, 0).end_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 12, 21, 10, 10, 10).end_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 6, 30, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0).end_of_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2008, 6, 30, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2008, 5, 31, 0, 0, 0).end_of_quarter
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_year
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,1,1,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,2,22,10,10,10).beginning_of_year
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_year
   end
 
   def test_next_week
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ module DateAndTimeBehavior
     #       | 22/2 |   |   |   |   |   #       |   |       |   | 4/3 |   |   # friday in next week `next_week(:friday)`
     # 23/10 |      |   |   |   |   |   # 30/10 |   |       |   |     |   |   # monday in next week `next_week`
     # 23/10 |      |   |   |   |   |   #       |   |  1/11 |   |     |   |   # wednesday in next week `next_week(:wednesday)`
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10).next_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,3,4,0,0,0),   date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10).next_week(:friday)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,10,30,0,0,0), date_time_init(2006,10,23,0,0,0).next_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,11,1,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2006,10,23,0,0,0).next_week(:wednesday)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).next_week
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0),   date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).next_week(:friday)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 10, 30, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2006, 10, 23, 0, 0, 0).next_week
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 11, 1, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2006, 10, 23, 0, 0, 0).next_week(:wednesday)
   end
 
   def test_next_week_with_default_beginning_of_week_set
@@ -126,47 +126,47 @@ module DateAndTimeBehavior
   end
 
   def test_next_week_at_same_time
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,15,15,10), date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,15,15,10,999999), date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10,999999).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,15,15,10,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10,Rational(999999999, 1000)).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,3,4,15,15,10),   date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10).next_week(:friday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,10,30,0,0,0), date_time_init(2006,10,23,0,0,0).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,11,1,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2006,10,23,0,0,0).next_week(:wednesday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, 999999), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, 999999).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, Rational(999999999, 1000)).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 3, 4, 15, 15, 10),   date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).next_week(:friday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 10, 30, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2006, 10, 23, 0, 0, 0).next_week(:monday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 11, 1, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2006, 10, 23, 0, 0, 0).next_week(:wednesday, same_time: true)
   end
 
   def test_next_weekday_on_wednesday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,8,0,0,0), date_time_init(2015,1,7,0,0,0).next_weekday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,8,15,15,10), date_time_init(2015,1,7,15,15,10).next_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 8, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2015, 1, 7, 0, 0, 0).next_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 8, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2015, 1, 7, 15, 15, 10).next_weekday
   end
 
   def test_next_weekday_on_friday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,5,0,0,0), date_time_init(2015,1,2,0,0,0).next_weekday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,5,15,15,10), date_time_init(2015,1,2,15,15,10).next_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2015, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0).next_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2015, 1, 2, 15, 15, 10).next_weekday
   end
 
   def test_next_weekday_on_saturday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,5,0,0,0), date_time_init(2015,1,3,0,0,0).next_weekday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,5,15,15,10), date_time_init(2015,1,3,15,15,10).next_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2015, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0).next_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2015, 1, 3, 15, 15, 10).next_weekday
   end
 
   def test_next_month_on_31st
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,9,30,15,15,10), date_time_init(2005,8,31,15,15,10).next_month
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 9, 30, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2005, 8, 31, 15, 15, 10).next_month
   end
 
   def test_next_quarter_on_31st
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,30,15,15,10), date_time_init(2005,8,31,15,15,10).next_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 30, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2005, 8, 31, 15, 15, 10).next_quarter
   end
 
   def test_next_year
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,6,5,10,10,10), date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).next_year
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).next_year
   end
 
   def test_prev_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,21,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,3,1,15,15,10).prev_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,22,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,3,1,15,15,10).prev_week(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,25,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,3,1,15,15,10).prev_week(:friday)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,10,30,0,0,0), date_time_init(2006,11,6,0,0,0).prev_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,11,15,0,0,0), date_time_init(2006,11,23,0,0,0).prev_week(:wednesday)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 21, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).prev_week
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).prev_week(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 25, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).prev_week(:friday)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 10, 30, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2006, 11, 6, 0, 0, 0).prev_week
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 11, 15, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2006, 11, 23, 0, 0, 0).prev_week(:wednesday)
   end
 
   def test_prev_week_with_default_beginning_of_week
@@ -179,138 +179,138 @@ module DateAndTimeBehavior
   end
 
   def test_prev_week_at_same_time
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,21,15,15,10),  date_time_init(2005,3,1,15,15,10).prev_week(:monday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,22,15,15,10),  date_time_init(2005,3,1,15,15,10).prev_week(:tuesday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,25,15,15,10),  date_time_init(2005,3,1,15,15,10).prev_week(:friday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,10,30,0,0,0), date_time_init(2006,11,6,0,0,0).prev_week(:monday, same_time: true)
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2006,11,15,0,0,0), date_time_init(2006,11,23,0,0,0).prev_week(:wednesday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 21, 15, 15, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).prev_week(:monday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).prev_week(:tuesday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 25, 15, 15, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).prev_week(:friday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 10, 30, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2006, 11, 6, 0, 0, 0).prev_week(:monday, same_time: true)
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2006, 11, 15, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2006, 11, 23, 0, 0, 0).prev_week(:wednesday, same_time: true)
   end
 
   def test_prev_weekday_on_wednesday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,6,0,0,0), date_time_init(2015,1,7,0,0,0).prev_weekday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,6,15,15,10), date_time_init(2015,1,7,15,15,10).prev_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 6, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2015, 1, 7, 0, 0, 0).prev_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 6, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2015, 1, 7, 15, 15, 10).prev_weekday
   end
 
   def test_prev_weekday_on_monday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,2,0,0,0), date_time_init(2015,1,5,0,0,0).prev_weekday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,2,15,15,10), date_time_init(2015,1,5,15,15,10).prev_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0).prev_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 2, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 15, 15, 10).prev_weekday
   end
 
   def test_prev_weekday_on_sunday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,2,0,0,0), date_time_init(2015,1,4,0,0,0).prev_weekday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2015,1,2,15,15,10), date_time_init(2015,1,4,15,15,10).prev_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2015, 1, 4, 0, 0, 0).prev_weekday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2015, 1, 2, 15, 15, 10), date_time_init(2015, 1, 4, 15, 15, 10).prev_weekday
   end
 
   def test_prev_month_on_31st
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,2,29,10,10,10), date_time_init(2004,3,31,10,10,10).prev_month
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 2, 29, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2004, 3, 31, 10, 10, 10).prev_month
   end
 
   def test_prev_quarter_on_31st
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,2,29,10,10,10), date_time_init(2004,5,31,10,10,10).prev_quarter
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 2, 29, 10, 10, 10), date_time_init(2004, 5, 31, 10, 10, 10).prev_quarter
   end
 
   def test_prev_year
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2004,6,5,10,10,10),  date_time_init(2005,6,5,10,10,10).prev_year
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2004, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10),  date_time_init(2005, 6, 5, 10, 10, 10).prev_year
   end
 
   def test_days_to_week_start
-    assert_equal 0, date_time_init(2011,11,01,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 1, date_time_init(2011,11,02,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 2, date_time_init(2011,11,03,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,04,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 4, date_time_init(2011,11,05,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 5, date_time_init(2011,11,06,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 6, date_time_init(2011,11,07,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,03,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:monday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,04,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,05,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:wednesday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,06,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:thursday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,07,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:friday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,8,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:saturday)
-    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011,11,9,0,0,0).days_to_week_start(:sunday)
+    assert_equal 0, date_time_init(2011, 11, 01, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 1, date_time_init(2011, 11, 02, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 2, date_time_init(2011, 11, 03, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 04, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 4, date_time_init(2011, 11, 05, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 5, date_time_init(2011, 11, 06, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 6, date_time_init(2011, 11, 07, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 03, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:monday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 04, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 05, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:wednesday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 06, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:thursday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 07, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:friday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 8, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:saturday)
+    assert_equal 3, date_time_init(2011, 11, 9, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start(:sunday)
   end
 
   def test_days_to_week_start_with_default_set
     with_bw_default(:friday) do
-      assert_equal 6, Time.local(2012,03,8,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
-      assert_equal 5, Time.local(2012,03,7,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
-      assert_equal 4, Time.local(2012,03,6,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
-      assert_equal 3, Time.local(2012,03,5,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
-      assert_equal 2, Time.local(2012,03,4,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
-      assert_equal 1, Time.local(2012,03,3,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
-      assert_equal 0, Time.local(2012,03,2,0,0,0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 6, Time.local(2012, 03, 8, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 5, Time.local(2012, 03, 7, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 4, Time.local(2012, 03, 6, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 3, Time.local(2012, 03, 5, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 2, Time.local(2012, 03, 4, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 1, Time.local(2012, 03, 3, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
+      assert_equal 0, Time.local(2012, 03, 2, 0, 0, 0).days_to_week_start
     end
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,1,31,0,0,0),  date_time_init(2005,2,4,10,10,10).beginning_of_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #monday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,11,29,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #tuesday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,11,30,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #wednesday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,12,01,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #thursday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,12,02,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #friday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,12,03,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #saturday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,11,28,0,0,0), date_time_init(2005,12,04,0,0,0).beginning_of_week #sunday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 1, 31, 0, 0, 0),  date_time_init(2005, 2, 4, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_week
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #monday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 11, 29, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #tuesday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 11, 30, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #wednesday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 12, 01, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #thursday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 12, 02, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #friday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 12, 03, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #saturday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 11, 28, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2005, 12, 04, 0, 0, 0).beginning_of_week #sunday
   end
 
   def test_end_of_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2008,1,6,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,12,31,10,10,10).end_of_week
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,8,27,0,0,0).end_of_week #monday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,8,28,0,0,0).end_of_week #tuesday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,8,29,0,0,0).end_of_week #wednesday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,8,30,0,0,0).end_of_week #thursday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,8,31,0,0,0).end_of_week #friday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,9,01,0,0,0).end_of_week #saturday
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,9,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,9,02,0,0,0).end_of_week #sunday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2008, 1, 6, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 12, 31, 10, 10, 10).end_of_week
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 8, 27, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #monday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 8, 28, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #tuesday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 8, 29, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #wednesday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 8, 30, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #thursday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 8, 31, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #friday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 9, 01, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #saturday
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 9, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 9, 02, 0, 0, 0).end_of_week #sunday
   end
 
   def test_end_of_month
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,3,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005,3,20,10,10,10).end_of_month
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,2,28,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005,2,20,10,10,10).end_of_month
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2005,4,30,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005,4,20,10,10,10).end_of_month
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 3, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005, 3, 20, 10, 10, 10).end_of_month
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 2, 28, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005, 2, 20, 10, 10, 10).end_of_month
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2005, 4, 30, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2005, 4, 20, 10, 10, 10).end_of_month
   end
 
   def test_end_of_year
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,12,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,2,22,10,10,10).end_of_year
-    assert_equal date_time_init(2007,12,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007,12,31,10,10,10).end_of_year
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).end_of_year
+    assert_equal date_time_init(2007, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2007, 12, 31, 10, 10, 10).end_of_year
   end
 
   def test_monday_with_default_beginning_of_week_set
     with_bw_default(:saturday) do
-      assert_equal date_time_init(2012,9,17,0,0,0), date_time_init(2012,9,18,0,0,0).monday
+      assert_equal date_time_init(2012, 9, 17, 0, 0, 0), date_time_init(2012, 9, 18, 0, 0, 0).monday
     end
   end
 
   def test_sunday_with_default_beginning_of_week_set
     with_bw_default(:wednesday) do
-      assert_equal date_time_init(2012,9,23,23,59,59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2012,9,19,0,0,0).sunday
+      assert_equal date_time_init(2012, 9, 23, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), date_time_init(2012, 9, 19, 0, 0, 0).sunday
     end
   end
 
   def test_on_weekend_on_saturday
-    assert date_time_init(2015,1,3,0,0,0).on_weekend?
-    assert date_time_init(2015,1,3,15,15,10).on_weekend?
+    assert date_time_init(2015, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0).on_weekend?
+    assert date_time_init(2015, 1, 3, 15, 15, 10).on_weekend?
   end
 
   def test_on_weekend_on_sunday
-    assert date_time_init(2015,1,4,0,0,0).on_weekend?
-    assert date_time_init(2015,1,4,15,15,10).on_weekend?
+    assert date_time_init(2015, 1, 4, 0, 0, 0).on_weekend?
+    assert date_time_init(2015, 1, 4, 15, 15, 10).on_weekend?
   end
 
   def test_on_weekend_on_monday
-    assert_not date_time_init(2015,1,5,0,0,0).on_weekend?
-    assert_not date_time_init(2015,1,5,15,15,10).on_weekend?
+    assert_not date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0).on_weekend?
+    assert_not date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 15, 15, 10).on_weekend?
   end
 
   def test_on_weekday_on_sunday
-    assert_not date_time_init(2015,1,4,0,0,0).on_weekday?
-    assert_not date_time_init(2015,1,4,15,15,10).on_weekday?
+    assert_not date_time_init(2015, 1, 4, 0, 0, 0).on_weekday?
+    assert_not date_time_init(2015, 1, 4, 15, 15, 10).on_weekday?
   end
 
   def test_on_weekday_on_monday
-    assert date_time_init(2015,1,5,0,0,0).on_weekday?
-    assert date_time_init(2015,1,5,15,15,10).on_weekday?
+    assert date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 0, 0, 0).on_weekday?
+    assert date_time_init(2015, 1, 5, 15, 15, 10).on_weekday?
   end
 
   def with_bw_default(bw = :monday)
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_compatibility_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_compatibility_test.rb
index 180b3e12aa..4c90460032 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_compatibility_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_and_time_compatibility_test.rb
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class DateAndTimeCompatibilityTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_datetime_to_time_preserves_timezone
     with_preserve_timezone(true) do
       with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-        time = DateTime.new(2016, 4, 23, 15, 11, 12, Rational(1,24)).to_time
+        time = DateTime.new(2016, 4, 23, 15, 11, 12, Rational(1, 24)).to_time
 
         assert_instance_of Time, time
         assert_equal @utc_time, time.getutc
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class DateAndTimeCompatibilityTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_datetime_to_time_does_not_preserve_time_zone
     with_preserve_timezone(false) do
       with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-        time = DateTime.new(2016, 4, 23, 15, 11, 12, Rational(1,24)).to_time
+        time = DateTime.new(2016, 4, 23, 15, 11, 12, Rational(1, 24)).to_time
 
         assert_instance_of Time, time
         assert_equal @utc_time, time.getutc
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_ext_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_ext_test.rb
index 0655197335..5a90210bb8 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_ext_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_ext_test.rb
@@ -4,19 +4,19 @@ require "core_ext/date_and_time_behavior"
 require "time_zone_test_helpers"
 
 class DateExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  def date_time_init(year,month,day,*args)
-    Date.new(year,month,day)
+  def date_time_init(year, month, day, *args)
+    Date.new(year, month, day)
   end
 
   include DateAndTimeBehavior
   include TimeZoneTestHelpers
 
   def test_yesterday_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1582,10,15).yesterday
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1582, 10, 15).yesterday
   end
 
   def test_tomorrow_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,15), Date.new(1582,10,4).tomorrow
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 15), Date.new(1582, 10, 4).tomorrow
   end
 
   def test_to_s
@@ -83,70 +83,70 @@ class DateExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_change
     assert_equal Date.new(2005, 2, 21), Date.new(2005, 2, 11).change(day: 21)
     assert_equal Date.new(2007, 5, 11), Date.new(2005, 2, 11).change(year: 2007, month: 5)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2006,2,22), Date.new(2005,2,22).change(year: 2006)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,6,22), Date.new(2005,2,22).change(month: 6)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2006, 2, 22), Date.new(2005, 2, 22).change(year: 2006)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 6, 22), Date.new(2005, 2, 22).change(month: 6)
   end
 
   def test_sunday
-    assert_equal Date.new(2008,3,2), Date.new(2008,3,02).sunday
-    assert_equal Date.new(2008,3,2), Date.new(2008,2,29).sunday
+    assert_equal Date.new(2008, 3, 2), Date.new(2008, 3, 02).sunday
+    assert_equal Date.new(2008, 3, 2), Date.new(2008, 2, 29).sunday
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_week_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,1), Date.new(1582,10,15).beginning_of_week #friday
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 1), Date.new(1582, 10, 15).beginning_of_week #friday
   end
 
   def test_end_of_week_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,17), Date.new(1582,10,4).end_of_week #thursday
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 17), Date.new(1582, 10, 4).end_of_week #thursday
   end
 
   def test_end_of_year
-    assert_equal Date.new(2008,12,31).to_s, Date.new(2008,2,22).end_of_year.to_s
+    assert_equal Date.new(2008, 12, 31).to_s, Date.new(2008, 2, 22).end_of_year.to_s
   end
 
   def test_end_of_month
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,3,31), Date.new(2005,3,20).end_of_month
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,2,28), Date.new(2005,2,20).end_of_month
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,4,30), Date.new(2005,4,20).end_of_month
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 3, 31), Date.new(2005, 3, 20).end_of_month
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 2, 28), Date.new(2005, 2, 20).end_of_month
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 4, 30), Date.new(2005, 4, 20).end_of_month
   end
 
   def test_prev_year_in_leap_years
-    assert_equal Date.new(1999,2,28), Date.new(2000,2,29).prev_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(1999, 2, 28), Date.new(2000, 2, 29).prev_year
   end
 
   def test_prev_year_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1583,10,14).prev_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1583, 10, 14).prev_year
   end
 
   def test_last_year
-    assert_equal Date.new(2004,6,5),  Date.new(2005,6,5).last_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(2004, 6, 5),  Date.new(2005, 6, 5).last_year
   end
 
   def test_last_year_in_leap_years
-    assert_equal Date.new(1999,2,28), Date.new(2000,2,29).last_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(1999, 2, 28), Date.new(2000, 2, 29).last_year
   end
 
   def test_last_year_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1583,10,14).last_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1583, 10, 14).last_year
   end
 
   def test_next_year_in_leap_years
-    assert_equal Date.new(2001,2,28), Date.new(2000,2,29).next_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(2001, 2, 28), Date.new(2000, 2, 29).next_year
   end
 
   def test_next_year_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1581,10,10).next_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1581, 10, 10).next_year
   end
 
   def test_advance
-    assert_equal Date.new(2006,2,28), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(years: 1)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,6,28), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(months: 4)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,3,21), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(weeks: 3)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,3,5), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(days: 5)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2012,9,28), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2013,10,3), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 5)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2013,10,17), Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,2,28), Date.new(2004,2,29).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
+    assert_equal Date.new(2006, 2, 28), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(years: 1)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 6, 28), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(months: 4)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 3, 21), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(weeks: 3)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 3, 5), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(days: 5)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2012, 9, 28), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2013, 10, 3), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 5)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2013, 10, 17), Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 2, 28), Date.new(2004, 2, 29).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
   end
 
   def test_advance_does_first_years_and_then_days
@@ -160,27 +160,27 @@ class DateExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,15), Date.new(1582,10,4).advance(days: 1)
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1582,10,15).advance(days: -1)
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 15), Date.new(1582, 10, 4).advance(days: 1)
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1582, 10, 15).advance(days: -1)
     5.upto(14) do |day|
-      assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1582,9,day).advance(months: 1)
-      assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1582,11,day).advance(months: -1)
-      assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1581,10,day).advance(years: 1)
-      assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,4), Date.new(1583,10,day).advance(years: -1)
+      assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1582, 9, day).advance(months: 1)
+      assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1582, 11, day).advance(months: -1)
+      assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1581, 10, day).advance(years: 1)
+      assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 4), Date.new(1583, 10, day).advance(years: -1)
     end
   end
 
   def test_last_week
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,5,9), Date.new(2005,5,17).last_week
-    assert_equal Date.new(2006,12,25), Date.new(2007,1,7).last_week
-    assert_equal Date.new(2010,2,12), Date.new(2010,2,19).last_week(:friday)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2010,2,13), Date.new(2010,2,19).last_week(:saturday)
-    assert_equal Date.new(2010,2,27), Date.new(2010,3,4).last_week(:saturday)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 5, 9), Date.new(2005, 5, 17).last_week
+    assert_equal Date.new(2006, 12, 25), Date.new(2007, 1, 7).last_week
+    assert_equal Date.new(2010, 2, 12), Date.new(2010, 2, 19).last_week(:friday)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2010, 2, 13), Date.new(2010, 2, 19).last_week(:saturday)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2010, 2, 27), Date.new(2010, 3, 4).last_week(:saturday)
   end
 
   def test_next_week_in_calendar_reform
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,15), Date.new(1582,9,30).next_week(:friday)
-    assert_equal Date.new(1582,10,18), Date.new(1582,10,4).next_week
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 15), Date.new(1582, 9, 30).next_week(:friday)
+    assert_equal Date.new(1582, 10, 18), Date.new(1582, 10, 4).next_week
   end
 
   def test_last_month_on_31st
@@ -236,97 +236,97 @@ class DateExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_since
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,21,0,0,45), Date.new(2005,2,21).since(45)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 21, 0, 0, 45), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).since(45)
   end
 
   def test_since_when_zone_is_set
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     with_env_tz "UTC" do
       with_tz_default zone do
-        assert_equal zone.local(2005,2,21,0,0,45), Date.new(2005,2,21).since(45)
-        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005,2,21).since(45).time_zone
+        assert_equal zone.local(2005, 2, 21, 0, 0, 45), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).since(45)
+        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005, 2, 21).since(45).time_zone
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_ago
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,20,23,59,15), Date.new(2005,2,21).ago(45)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 20, 23, 59, 15), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).ago(45)
   end
 
   def test_ago_when_zone_is_set
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     with_env_tz "UTC" do
       with_tz_default zone do
-        assert_equal zone.local(2005,2,20,23,59,15), Date.new(2005,2,21).ago(45)
-        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005,2,21).ago(45).time_zone
+        assert_equal zone.local(2005, 2, 20, 23, 59, 15), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).ago(45)
+        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005, 2, 21).ago(45).time_zone
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,21,0,0,0), Date.new(2005,2,21).beginning_of_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 21, 0, 0, 0), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).beginning_of_day
   end
 
   def test_middle_of_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,21,12,0,0), Date.new(2005,2,21).middle_of_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 21, 12, 0, 0), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).middle_of_day
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_day_when_zone_is_set
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     with_env_tz "UTC" do
       with_tz_default zone do
-        assert_equal zone.local(2005,2,21,0,0,0), Date.new(2005,2,21).beginning_of_day
-        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005,2,21).beginning_of_day.time_zone
+        assert_equal zone.local(2005, 2, 21, 0, 0, 0), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).beginning_of_day
+        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005, 2, 21).beginning_of_day.time_zone
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_end_of_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,21,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Date.new(2005,2,21).end_of_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 21, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).end_of_day
   end
 
   def test_end_of_day_when_zone_is_set
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     with_env_tz "UTC" do
       with_tz_default zone do
-        assert_equal zone.local(2005,2,21,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Date.new(2005,2,21).end_of_day
-        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005,2,21).end_of_day.time_zone
+        assert_equal zone.local(2005, 2, 21, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Date.new(2005, 2, 21).end_of_day
+        assert_equal zone, Date.new(2005, 2, 21).end_of_day.time_zone
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_all_day
-    beginning_of_day = Time.local(2011,6,7,0,0,0)
-    end_of_day = Time.local(2011,6,7,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000))
-    assert_equal beginning_of_day..end_of_day, Date.new(2011,6,7).all_day
+    beginning_of_day = Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 0, 0, 0)
+    end_of_day = Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000))
+    assert_equal beginning_of_day..end_of_day, Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_day
   end
 
   def test_all_day_when_zone_is_set
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]
     with_env_tz "UTC" do
       with_tz_default zone do
-        beginning_of_day = zone.local(2011,6,7,0,0,0)
-        end_of_day = zone.local(2011,6,7,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000))
-        assert_equal beginning_of_day..end_of_day, Date.new(2011,6,7).all_day
+        beginning_of_day = zone.local(2011, 6, 7, 0, 0, 0)
+        end_of_day = zone.local(2011, 6, 7, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000))
+        assert_equal beginning_of_day..end_of_day, Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_day
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_all_week
-    assert_equal Date.new(2011,6,6)..Date.new(2011,6,12), Date.new(2011,6,7).all_week
-    assert_equal Date.new(2011,6,5)..Date.new(2011,6,11), Date.new(2011,6,7).all_week(:sunday)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2011, 6, 6)..Date.new(2011, 6, 12), Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_week
+    assert_equal Date.new(2011, 6, 5)..Date.new(2011, 6, 11), Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_week(:sunday)
   end
 
   def test_all_month
-    assert_equal Date.new(2011,6,1)..Date.new(2011,6,30), Date.new(2011,6,7).all_month
+    assert_equal Date.new(2011, 6, 1)..Date.new(2011, 6, 30), Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_month
   end
 
   def test_all_quarter
-    assert_equal Date.new(2011,4,1)..Date.new(2011,6,30), Date.new(2011,6,7).all_quarter
+    assert_equal Date.new(2011, 4, 1)..Date.new(2011, 6, 30), Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_quarter
   end
 
   def test_all_year
-    assert_equal Date.new(2011,1,1)..Date.new(2011,12,31), Date.new(2011,6,7).all_year
+    assert_equal Date.new(2011, 1, 1)..Date.new(2011, 12, 31), Date.new(2011, 6, 7).all_year
   end
 
   def test_xmlschema
@@ -353,16 +353,16 @@ class DateExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_past
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
       assert_equal true, Date.new(1999, 12, 31).past?
-      assert_equal false, Date.new(2000,1,1).past?
-      assert_equal false, Date.new(2000,1,2).past?
+      assert_equal false, Date.new(2000, 1, 1).past?
+      assert_equal false, Date.new(2000, 1, 2).past?
     end
   end
 
   def test_future
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
       assert_equal false, Date.new(1999, 12, 31).future?
-      assert_equal false, Date.new(2000,1,1).future?
-      assert_equal true, Date.new(2000,1,2).future?
+      assert_equal false, Date.new(2000, 1, 1).future?
+      assert_equal true, Date.new(2000, 1, 2).future?
     end
   end
 
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ class DateExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_date_advance_should_not_change_passed_options_hash
     options = { years: 3, months: 11, days: 2 }
-    Date.new(2005,2,28).advance(options)
+    Date.new(2005, 2, 28).advance(options)
     assert_equal({ years: 3, months: 11, days: 2 }, options)
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_time_ext_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_time_ext_test.rb
index f2a50f4693..81777889ec 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_time_ext_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/date_time_ext_test.rb
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ require "core_ext/date_and_time_behavior"
 require "time_zone_test_helpers"
 
 class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  def date_time_init(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,*args)
-    DateTime.civil(year,month,day,hour,minute,second)
+  def date_time_init(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, *args)
+    DateTime.civil(year, month, day, hour, minute, second)
   end
 
   include DateAndTimeBehavior
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       assert_instance_of Time, DateTime.new(2016, 3, 11, 15, 11, 12, 0).localtime
       assert_equal Time.local(2016, 3, 11, 10, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 3, 11, 15, 11, 12, 0).localtime
       assert_equal Time.local(2016, 3, 21, 11, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 3, 21, 15, 11, 12, 0).localtime
-      assert_equal Time.local(2016, 4, 1, 11, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 4, 1, 16, 11, 12, Rational(1,24)).localtime
+      assert_equal Time.local(2016, 4, 1, 11, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 4, 1, 16, 11, 12, Rational(1, 24)).localtime
     end
   end
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       assert_instance_of Time, DateTime.new(2016, 3, 11, 15, 11, 12, 0).getlocal
       assert_equal Time.local(2016, 3, 11, 10, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 3, 11, 15, 11, 12, 0).getlocal
       assert_equal Time.local(2016, 3, 21, 11, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 3, 21, 15, 11, 12, 0).getlocal
-      assert_equal Time.local(2016, 4, 1, 11, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 4, 1, 16, 11, 12, Rational(1,24)).getlocal
+      assert_equal Time.local(2016, 4, 1, 11, 11, 12), DateTime.new(2016, 4, 1, 16, 11, 12, Rational(1, 24)).getlocal
     end
   end
 
@@ -90,108 +90,108 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 1,DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,0,0,1).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 60,DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,0,1,0).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 3660,DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,1,1,0).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 86399,DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,23,59,59).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 1, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 60, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 3660, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 86399, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight
   end
 
   def test_seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,23,59,59).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 1, DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,23,59,58).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 60, DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,23,58,59).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 3660, DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,22,58,59).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 86399, DateTime.civil(2005,1,1,0,0,0).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 1, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 23, 59, 58).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 60, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 23, 58, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 3660, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 22, 58, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 86399, DateTime.civil(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0).seconds_until_end_of_day
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_day
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,0,0,0), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,10,10,10).beginning_of_day
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_day
   end
 
   def test_middle_of_day
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,12,0,0), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,10,10,10).middle_of_day
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 12, 0, 0), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 10, 10, 10).middle_of_day
   end
 
   def test_end_of_day
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,23,59,59), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,10,10,10).end_of_day
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 23, 59, 59), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 10, 10, 10).end_of_day
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_hour
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,0,0), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,30,10).beginning_of_hour
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 0, 0), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).beginning_of_hour
   end
 
   def test_end_of_hour
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,59,59), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,30,10).end_of_hour
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 59, 59), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).end_of_hour
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_minute
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,30,0), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,30,10).beginning_of_minute
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 0), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).beginning_of_minute
   end
 
   def test_end_of_minute
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,30,59), DateTime.civil(2005,2,4,19,30,10).end_of_minute
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 59), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).end_of_minute
   end
 
   def test_end_of_month
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,3,31,23,59,59), DateTime.civil(2005,3,20,10,10,10).end_of_month
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,23,59,59), DateTime.civil(2005,2,20,10,10,10).end_of_month
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,4,30,23,59,59), DateTime.civil(2005,4,20,10,10,10).end_of_month
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 31, 23, 59, 59), DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 20, 10, 10, 10).end_of_month
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 23, 59, 59), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 20, 10, 10, 10).end_of_month
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 4, 30, 23, 59, 59), DateTime.civil(2005, 4, 20, 10, 10, 10).end_of_month
   end
 
   def test_last_year
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2004,6,5,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,6,5,10,0,0).last_year
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2004, 6, 5, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 6, 5, 10, 0, 0).last_year
   end
 
   def test_ago
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,9),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(1)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,9,10,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(3600)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,20,10,10,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(86400*2)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,20,9,9,45),   DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(86400*2 + 3600 + 25)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 9),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(1)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 9, 10, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(3600)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 20, 10, 10, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(86400 * 2)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 20, 9, 9, 45),   DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(86400 * 2 + 3600 + 25)
   end
 
   def test_since
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,11), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(1)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,11,10,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(3600)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,24,10,10,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(86400*2)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,24,11,10,35), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(86400*2 + 3600 + 25)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,11), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(1.333)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,12), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(1.667)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 11), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(1)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 11, 10, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(3600)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 24, 10, 10, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(86400 * 2)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 24, 11, 10, 35), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(86400 * 2 + 3600 + 25)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 11), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(1.333)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 12), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(1.667)
   end
 
   def test_change
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006,2,22,15,15,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(year: 2006)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,6,22,15,15,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(month: 6)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012,9,22,15,15,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(year: 2012, month: 9)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,16),       DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(hour: 16)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,16,45),    DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(hour: 16, min: 45)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,45),    DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(min: 45)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(year: 2006)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 6, 22, 15, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(month: 6)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 22, 15, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(year: 2012, month: 9)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 16),       DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(hour: 16)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 16, 45),    DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(hour: 16, min: 45)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 45),    DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(min: 45)
 
     # datetime with fractions of a second
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10.7), DateTime.civil(2005,2,22,15,15,10.7).change(day: 1)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 1, 15, 15, 10.7), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10.7).change(day: 1)
   end
 
   def test_advance
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006,2,28,15,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 1)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,6,28,15,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(months: 4)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,3,21,15,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,3,5,15,15,10),   DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012,9,28,15,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2013,10,3,15,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 5)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2013,10,17,15,15,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2001,12,27,15,15,10), DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2004,2,29,15,15,10).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,20,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: 5)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,22,10),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(minutes: 7)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,19),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,20,22,19),  DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,10,8,1),    DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2013,10,17,20,22,19), DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 1)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 6, 28, 15, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(months: 4)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 21, 15, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 5, 15, 15, 10),   DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 28, 15, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2013, 10, 3, 15, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 5)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2013, 10, 17, 15, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2001, 12, 27, 15, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2004, 2, 29, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 20, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: 5)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 22, 10),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(minutes: 7)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 19),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 20, 22, 19),  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 10, 8, 1),    DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2013, 10, 17, 20, 22, 19), DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
   end
 
   def test_advance_partial_days
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012,9,29,13,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2012,9,28,1,15,10).advance(days: 1.5)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012,9,28,13,15,10),  DateTime.civil(2012,9,28,1,15,10).advance(days: 0.5)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012,10,29,13,15,10), DateTime.civil(2012,9,28,1,15,10).advance(days: 1.5, months: 1)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 29, 13, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 28, 1, 15, 10).advance(days: 1.5)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 28, 13, 15, 10),  DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 28, 1, 15, 10).advance(days: 0.5)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2012, 10, 29, 13, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2012, 9, 28, 1, 15, 10).advance(days: 1.5, months: 1)
   end
 
   def test_advanced_processes_first_the_date_deltas_and_then_the_time_deltas
@@ -203,11 +203,11 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_last_week
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,21), DateTime.civil(2005,3,1,15,15,10).last_week
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,22), DateTime.civil(2005,3,1,15,15,10).last_week(:tuesday)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,25), DateTime.civil(2005,3,1,15,15,10).last_week(:friday)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006,10,30), DateTime.civil(2006,11,6,0,0,0).last_week
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006,11,15), DateTime.civil(2006,11,23,0,0,0).last_week(:wednesday)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21), DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).last_week
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 22), DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).last_week(:tuesday)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 25), DateTime.civil(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).last_week(:friday)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006, 10, 30), DateTime.civil(2006, 11, 6, 0, 0, 0).last_week
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2006, 11, 15), DateTime.civil(2006, 11, 23, 0, 0, 0).last_week(:wednesday)
   end
 
   def test_date_time_should_have_correct_last_week_for_leap_year
@@ -233,51 +233,51 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_today_with_offset
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
-      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(1999,12,31,23,59,59, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000,1,1,0,0,0, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000,1,1,23,59,59, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
-      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(2000,1,2,0,0,0, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
+      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
+      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, Rational(-18000, 86400)).today?
     end
   end
 
   def test_today_without_offset
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
-      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(1999,12,31,23,59,59).today?
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000,1,1,0).today?
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000,1,1,23,59,59).today?
-      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(2000,1,2,0).today?
+      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59).today?
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0).today?
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).today?
+      assert_equal false, DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 2, 0).today?
     end
   end
 
   def test_past_with_offset
-    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,44, Rational(-18000, 86400)).past?
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45, Rational(-18000, 86400)).past?
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,46, Rational(-18000, 86400)).past?
+    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44, Rational(-18000, 86400)).past?
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, Rational(-18000, 86400)).past?
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46, Rational(-18000, 86400)).past?
     end
   end
 
   def test_past_without_offset
-    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,20,30,44).past?
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,20,30,45).past?
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,20,30,46).past?
+    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 44).past?
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 45).past?
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 46).past?
     end
   end
 
   def test_future_with_offset
-    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,44, Rational(-18000, 86400)).future?
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45, Rational(-18000, 86400)).future?
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,46, Rational(-18000, 86400)).future?
+    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44, Rational(-18000, 86400)).future?
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, Rational(-18000, 86400)).future?
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46, Rational(-18000, 86400)).future?
     end
   end
 
   def test_future_without_offset
-    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,20,30,44).future?
-      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,20,30,45).future?
-      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,20,30,46).future?
+    DateTime.stub(:current, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45, Rational(-18000, 86400))) do
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 44).future?
+      assert_equal false,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 45).future?
+      assert_equal true,  DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 46).future?
     end
   end
 
@@ -329,8 +329,8 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12).utc_offset
     assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12, 0).utc_offset
     assert_equal 21600, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12, 0.25).utc_offset
-    assert_equal( -21600, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12, -0.25).utc_offset )
-    assert_equal( -18000, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12, Rational(-5, 24)).utc_offset )
+    assert_equal(-21600, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12, -0.25).utc_offset)
+    assert_equal(-18000, DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 21, 10, 11, 12, Rational(-5, 24)).utc_offset)
   end
 
   def test_utc
@@ -367,15 +367,15 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_compare_with_time_with_zone
-    assert_equal  1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal  0, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal(-1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ))
+    assert_equal  1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal  0, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal(-1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]))
   end
 
   def test_compare_with_string
     assert_equal   1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59).to_s
     assert_equal   0, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0).to_s
-    assert_equal( -1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1).to_s)
+    assert_equal(-1, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1).to_s)
     assert_equal nil, DateTime.civil(2000) <=> "Invalid as Time"
   end
 
@@ -399,27 +399,27 @@ class DateTimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_to_f
     assert_equal 946684800.0, DateTime.civil(2000).to_f
-    assert_equal 946684800.0, DateTime.civil(1999,12,31,19,0,0,Rational(-5,24)).to_f
-    assert_equal 946684800.5, DateTime.civil(1999,12,31,19,0,0.5,Rational(-5,24)).to_f
+    assert_equal 946684800.0, DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0, 0, Rational(-5, 24)).to_f
+    assert_equal 946684800.5, DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0, 0.5, Rational(-5, 24)).to_f
   end
 
   def test_to_i
     assert_equal 946684800, DateTime.civil(2000).to_i
-    assert_equal 946684800, DateTime.civil(1999,12,31,19,0,0,Rational(-5,24)).to_i
+    assert_equal 946684800, DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0, 0, Rational(-5, 24)).to_i
   end
 
   def test_usec
     assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2000).usec
-    assert_equal 500000, DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1,2)).usec
+    assert_equal 500000, DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1, 2)).usec
   end
 
   def test_nsec
     assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2000).nsec
-    assert_equal 500000000, DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1,2)).nsec
+    assert_equal 500000000, DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1, 2)).nsec
   end
 
   def test_subsec
     assert_equal 0, DateTime.civil(2000).subsec
-    assert_equal Rational(1,2), DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1,2)).subsec
+    assert_equal Rational(1, 2), DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1, 2)).subsec
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/duration_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/duration_test.rb
index a881768470..53575272e3 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/duration_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/duration_test.rb
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class DurationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     current_locale = I18n.default_locale
     I18n.default_locale = :de
     I18n.backend.store_translations(:de, support: { array: { last_word_connector: " und " } })
-    assert_equal "10 years, 1 month und 1 day", (10.years + 1.month  + 1.day).inspect
+    assert_equal "10 years, 1 month und 1 day", (10.years + 1.month + 1.day).inspect
   ensure
     I18n.default_locale = current_locale
   end
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ class DurationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_time_plus_duration_returns_same_time_datatype
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Moscow"] , Time.utc(2016,4,28,00,45))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Moscow"] , Time.utc(2016, 4, 28, 00, 45))
     now = Time.now.utc
     %w( second minute hour day week month year ).each do |unit|
       assert_equal((now + 1.send(unit)).class, Time, "Time + 1.#{unit} must be Time")
@@ -153,10 +153,10 @@ class DurationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       Time.stub(:now, Time.local(2000)) do
         # since
         assert_not_instance_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, 5.seconds.since
-        assert_equal Time.local(2000,1,1,0,0,5), 5.seconds.since
+        assert_equal Time.local(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 5), 5.seconds.since
         # ago
         assert_not_instance_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, 5.seconds.ago
-        assert_equal Time.local(1999,12,31,23,59,55), 5.seconds.ago
+        assert_equal Time.local(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 55), 5.seconds.ago
       end
     end
   end
@@ -167,11 +167,11 @@ class DurationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       Time.stub(:now, Time.local(2000)) do
         # since
         assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, 5.seconds.since
-        assert_equal Time.utc(2000,1,1,0,0,5), 5.seconds.since.time
+        assert_equal Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 5), 5.seconds.since.time
         assert_equal "Eastern Time (US & Canada)", 5.seconds.since.time_zone.name
         # ago
         assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, 5.seconds.ago
-        assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,23,59,55), 5.seconds.ago.time
+        assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 55), 5.seconds.ago.time
         assert_equal "Eastern Time (US & Canada)", 5.seconds.ago.time_zone.name
       end
     end
@@ -181,13 +181,13 @@ class DurationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_adding_hours_across_dst_boundary
     with_env_tz "CET" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2009,3,29,0,0,0) + 24.hours, Time.local(2009,3,30,1,0,0)
+      assert_equal Time.local(2009, 3, 29, 0, 0, 0) + 24.hours, Time.local(2009, 3, 30, 1, 0, 0)
     end
   end
 
   def test_adding_day_across_dst_boundary
     with_env_tz "CET" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2009,3,29,0,0,0) + 1.day, Time.local(2009,3,30,0,0,0)
+      assert_equal Time.local(2009, 3, 29, 0, 0, 0) + 1.day, Time.local(2009, 3, 30, 0, 0, 0)
     end
   end
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ class DurationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     time = Time.current
     patterns.each do |pattern|
       duration = ActiveSupport::Duration.parse(pattern)
-      assert_equal time+duration, time+ActiveSupport::Duration.parse(duration.iso8601), pattern.inspect
+      assert_equal time + duration, time + ActiveSupport::Duration.parse(duration.iso8601), pattern.inspect
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/enumerable_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/enumerable_test.rb
index 9072957e0e..5b839f1032 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/enumerable_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/enumerable_test.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class EnumerableTests < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     end
   end
 
-  def assert_typed_equal(e, v, cls, msg=nil)
+  def assert_typed_equal(e, v, cls, msg = nil)
     assert_kind_of(cls, v, msg)
     assert_equal(e, v, msg)
   end
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class EnumerableTests < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     sum = GenericEnumerable.new([1.quo(2), 1.quo(3)]).sum
     assert_typed_equal(5.quo(6), sum, Rational)
 
-    sum = GenericEnumerable.new([2.0, 3.0*Complex::I]).sum
+    sum = GenericEnumerable.new([2.0, 3.0 * Complex::I]).sum
     assert_typed_equal(Complex(2.0, 3.0), sum, Complex)
     assert_typed_equal(2.0, sum.real, Float)
     assert_typed_equal(3.0, sum.imag, Float)
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ class EnumerableTests < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     sum = [1.quo(2), 1.quo(3)].sum
     assert_typed_equal(5.quo(6), sum, Rational)
 
-    sum = [2.0, 3.0*Complex::I].sum
+    sum = [2.0, 3.0 * Complex::I].sum
     assert_typed_equal(Complex(2.0, 3.0), sum, Complex)
     assert_typed_equal(2.0, sum.real, Float)
     assert_typed_equal(3.0, sum.imag, Float)
@@ -180,18 +180,18 @@ class EnumerableTests < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_many
-    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([]         ).many?
-    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([ 1 ]      ).many?
-    assert_equal true,  GenericEnumerable.new([ 1, 2 ]   ).many?
+    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([]).many?
+    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([ 1 ]).many?
+    assert_equal true,  GenericEnumerable.new([ 1, 2 ]).many?
 
-    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([]         ).many? { |x| x > 1 }
-    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([ 2 ]      ).many? { |x| x > 1 }
-    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([ 1, 2 ]   ).many? { |x| x > 1 }
+    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([]).many? { |x| x > 1 }
+    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([ 2 ]).many? { |x| x > 1 }
+    assert_equal false, GenericEnumerable.new([ 1, 2 ]).many? { |x| x > 1 }
     assert_equal true,  GenericEnumerable.new([ 1, 2, 2 ]).many? { |x| x > 1 }
   end
 
   def test_many_iterates_only_on_what_is_needed
-    infinity = 1.0/0.0
+    infinity = 1.0 / 0.0
     very_long_enum = 0..infinity
     assert_equal true, very_long_enum.many?
     assert_equal true, very_long_enum.many? { |x| x > 100 }
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/hash_ext_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/hash_ext_test.rb
index ae35adb19b..d35fa491a2 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/hash_ext_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/hash_ext_test.rb
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@ class HashExtTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_indifferent_select
-    hash = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings).select { |k,v| v == 1 }
+    hash = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings).select { |k, v| v == 1 }
 
     assert_equal({ "a" => 1 }, hash)
     assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess, hash
@@ -556,21 +556,21 @@ class HashExtTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_indifferent_select_returns_a_hash_when_unchanged
-    hash = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings).select { |k,v| true }
+    hash = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings).select { |k, v| true }
 
     assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess, hash
   end
 
   def test_indifferent_select_bang
     indifferent_strings = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings)
-    indifferent_strings.select! { |k,v| v == 1 }
+    indifferent_strings.select! { |k, v| v == 1 }
 
     assert_equal({ "a" => 1 }, indifferent_strings)
     assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess, indifferent_strings
   end
 
   def test_indifferent_reject
-    hash = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings).reject { |k,v| v != 1 }
+    hash = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings).reject { |k, v| v != 1 }
 
     assert_equal({ "a" => 1 }, hash)
     assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess, hash
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ class HashExtTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_indifferent_reject_bang
     indifferent_strings = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(@strings)
-    indifferent_strings.reject! { |k,v| v != 1 }
+    indifferent_strings.reject! { |k, v| v != 1 }
 
     assert_equal({ "a" => 1 }, indifferent_strings)
     assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess, indifferent_strings
@@ -759,9 +759,9 @@ class HashExtTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     hash_1 = { a: "a", b: "b", c: { c1: "c1", c2: "c2", c3: { d1: "d1" } } }
     hash_2 = { a: 1, c: { c1: 2, c3: { d2: "d2" } } }
     expected = { a: [:a, "a", 1], b: "b", c: { c1: [:c1, "c1", 2], c2: "c2", c3: { d1: "d1", d2: "d2" } } }
-    assert_equal(expected, hash_1.deep_merge(hash_2) { |k,o,n| [k, o, n] })
+    assert_equal(expected, hash_1.deep_merge(hash_2) { |k, o, n| [k, o, n] })
 
-    hash_1.deep_merge!(hash_2) { |k,o,n| [k, o, n] }
+    hash_1.deep_merge!(hash_2) { |k, o, n| [k, o, n] }
     assert_equal expected, hash_1
   end
 
@@ -1227,8 +1227,8 @@ class HashToXmlTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_timezoned_attributes
     xml = {
-      created_at: Time.utc(1999,2,2),
-      local_created_at: Time.utc(1999,2,2).in_time_zone("Eastern Time (US & Canada)")
+      created_at: Time.utc(1999, 2, 2),
+      local_created_at: Time.utc(1999, 2, 2).in_time_zone("Eastern Time (US & Canada)")
     }.to_xml(@xml_options)
     assert_match %r{<created-at type=\"dateTime\">1999-02-02T00:00:00Z</created-at>}, xml
     assert_match %r{<local-created-at type=\"dateTime\">1999-02-01T19:00:00-05:00</local-created-at>}, xml
@@ -1537,7 +1537,7 @@ class HashToXmlTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       weight: 0.5,
       chunky: true,
       price: BigDecimal("12.50"),
-      expires_at: Time.utc(2007,12,25,12,34,56),
+      expires_at: Time.utc(2007, 12, 25, 12, 34, 56),
       notes: "",
       illustration: "babe.png",
       caption: "That'll do, pig."
@@ -1596,12 +1596,12 @@ class HashToXmlTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_should_use_default_proc_for_unknown_key
-    hash_wia = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new { 1 +  2 }
+    hash_wia = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new { 1 + 2 }
     assert_equal 3, hash_wia[:new_key]
   end
 
   def test_should_return_nil_if_no_key_is_supplied
-    hash_wia = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new { 1 +  2 }
+    hash_wia = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new { 1 + 2 }
     assert_equal nil, hash_wia.default
   end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/module_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/module_test.rb
index 36073b28b7..e1e5236e65 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/module_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/module_test.rb
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ class Someone < Struct.new(:name, :place)
     end
 end
 
-Invoice   = Struct.new(:client) do
+Invoice = Struct.new(:client) do
   delegate :street, :city, :name, to: :client, prefix: true
   delegate :street, :city, :name, to: :client, prefix: :customer
 end
 
-Project   = Struct.new(:description, :person) do
+Project = Struct.new(:description, :person) do
   delegate :name, to: :person, allow_nil: true
   delegate :to_f, to: :description, allow_nil: true
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/numeric_ext_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/numeric_ext_test.rb
index 5e824747ed..dfc9bc24c7 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/numeric_ext_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/numeric_ext_test.rb
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ require "active_support/core_ext/integer"
 
 class NumericExtTimeAndDateTimeTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def setup
-    @now = Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)
-    @dtnow = DateTime.civil(2005,2,10,15,30,45)
+    @now = Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)
+    @dtnow = DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)
     @seconds = {
       1.minute   => 60,
       10.minutes => 600,
@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ class NumericExtTimeAndDateTimeTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_add_one_year_to_leap_day
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10), Time.utc(2004,2,29,15,15,10) + 1.year
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005,2,28,15,15,10), DateTime.civil(2004,2,29,15,15,10) + 1.year
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2004, 2, 29, 15, 15, 10) + 1.year
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10), DateTime.civil(2004, 2, 29, 15, 15, 10) + 1.year
   end
 end
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class NumericExtDateTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     assert_equal @today >> 1, @today + 1.month
     assert_equal @today.to_time.since(1), @today + 1.second
     assert_equal @today.to_time.since(60), @today + 1.minute
-    assert_equal @today.to_time.since(60*60), @today + 1.hour
+    assert_equal @today.to_time.since(60 * 60), @today + 1.hour
   end
 
   def test_chaining_duration_operations
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class NumericExtDateTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_add_one_year_to_leap_day
-    assert_equal Date.new(2005,2,28), Date.new(2004,2,29) + 1.year
+    assert_equal Date.new(2005, 2, 28), Date.new(2004, 2, 29) + 1.year
   end
 end
 
@@ -102,12 +102,12 @@ class NumericExtSizeTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     assert_equal 1024.kilobytes, 1.megabyte
     assert_equal 3584.0.kilobytes, 3.5.megabytes
     assert_equal 3584.0.megabytes, 3.5.gigabytes
-    assert_equal 1.kilobyte ** 4, 1.terabyte
+    assert_equal 1.kilobyte**4, 1.terabyte
     assert_equal 1024.kilobytes + 2.megabytes, 3.megabytes
     assert_equal 2.gigabytes / 4, 512.megabytes
     assert_equal 256.megabytes * 20 + 5.gigabytes, 10.gigabytes
-    assert_equal 1.kilobyte ** 5, 1.petabyte
-    assert_equal 1.kilobyte ** 6, 1.exabyte
+    assert_equal 1.kilobyte**5, 1.petabyte
+    assert_equal 1.kilobyte**6, 1.exabyte
   end
 
   def test_units_as_bytes_independently
@@ -228,37 +228,37 @@ class NumericExtFormattingTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_to_s__rounded__with_significant_digits
     assert_equal "124000", 123987.to_s(:rounded, precision: 3, significant: true)
-    assert_equal "120000000", 123987876.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "9775", 9775.to_s(:rounded, precision: 4, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "5.4", 5.3923.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "5", 5.3923.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "1", 1.232.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "7", 7.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "1", 1.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "53", 52.7923.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "9775.00", 9775.to_s(:rounded, precision: 6, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "5.392900", 5.3929.to_s(:rounded, precision: 7, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "0.0", 0.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "0", 0.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "0.0001", 0.0001.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "0.000100", 0.0001.to_s(:rounded, precision: 3, significant: true )
-    assert_equal "0.0001", 0.0001111.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true )
+    assert_equal "120000000", 123987876.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "9775", 9775.to_s(:rounded, precision: 4, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "5.4", 5.3923.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "5", 5.3923.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "1", 1.232.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "7", 7.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "1", 1.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "53", 52.7923.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "9775.00", 9775.to_s(:rounded, precision: 6, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "5.392900", 5.3929.to_s(:rounded, precision: 7, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "0.0", 0.to_s(:rounded, precision: 2, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "0", 0.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "0.0001", 0.0001.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "0.000100", 0.0001.to_s(:rounded, precision: 3, significant: true)
+    assert_equal "0.0001", 0.0001111.to_s(:rounded, precision: 1, significant: true)
     assert_equal "10.0", 9.995.to_s(:rounded, precision: 3, significant: true)
     assert_equal "9.99", 9.994.to_s(:rounded, precision: 3, significant: true)
     assert_equal "11.0", 10.995.to_s(:rounded, precision: 3, significant: true)
   end
 
   def test_to_s__rounded__with_strip_insignificant_zeros
-    assert_equal "9775.43", 9775.43.to_s(:rounded, precision: 4, strip_insignificant_zeros: true )
-    assert_equal "9775.2", 9775.2.to_s(:rounded, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true )
-    assert_equal "0", 0.to_s(:rounded, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true )
+    assert_equal "9775.43", 9775.43.to_s(:rounded, precision: 4, strip_insignificant_zeros: true)
+    assert_equal "9775.2", 9775.2.to_s(:rounded, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true)
+    assert_equal "0", 0.to_s(:rounded, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true)
   end
 
   def test_to_s__rounded__with_significant_true_and_zero_precision
     # Zero precision with significant is a mistake (would always return zero),
     # so we treat it as if significant was false (increases backwards compatibility for number_to_human_size)
     assert_equal "124", 123.987.to_s(:rounded, precision: 0, significant: true)
-    assert_equal "12", 12.to_s(:rounded, precision: 0, significant: true )
+    assert_equal "12", 12.to_s(:rounded, precision: 0, significant: true)
   end
 
   def test_to_s__human_size
@@ -453,8 +453,8 @@ class NumericExtFormattingTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     end.new
     assert_not_predicate(a, :positive?)
 
-    assert_predicate(1/2r, :positive?)
-    assert_not_predicate(-1/2r, :positive?)
+    assert_predicate(1 / 2r, :positive?)
+    assert_not_predicate(-1 / 2r, :positive?)
 
     assert_predicate(T_ONE, :positive?)
     assert_not_predicate(T_MONE, :positive?)
@@ -491,8 +491,8 @@ class NumericExtFormattingTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     end.new
     assert_not_predicate(a, :negative?)
 
-    assert_predicate(-1/2r, :negative?)
-    assert_not_predicate(1/2r, :negative?)
+    assert_predicate(-1 / 2r, :negative?)
+    assert_not_predicate(1 / 2r, :negative?)
 
     assert_not_predicate(T_ONE, :negative?)
     assert_predicate(T_MONE, :negative?)
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/duplicable_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/duplicable_test.rb
index 2cbfefe235..677e32db1d 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/duplicable_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/duplicable_test.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ require "active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable"
 require "active_support/core_ext/numeric/time"
 
 class DuplicableTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  RAISE_DUP  = [nil, false, true, :symbol, 1, 2.3, method(:puts)]
+  RAISE_DUP = [nil, false, true, :symbol, 1, 2.3, method(:puts)]
   ALLOW_DUP = ["1", Object.new, /foo/, [], {}, Time.now, Class.new, Module.new]
   ALLOW_DUP << BigDecimal.new("4.56")
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/inclusion_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/inclusion_test.rb
index be211ec7dc..955686d6aa 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/inclusion_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/object/inclusion_test.rb
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ require "active_support/core_ext/object/inclusion"
 
 class InTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_in_array
-    assert 1.in?([1,2])
-    assert !3.in?([1,2])
+    assert 1.in?([1, 2])
+    assert !3.in?([1, 2])
   end
 
   def test_in_hash
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class InTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_in_set
-    s = Set.new([1,2])
+    s = Set.new([1, 2])
     assert 1.in?(s)
     assert !3.in?(s)
   end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/range_ext_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/range_ext_test.rb
index fc0e72e09a..d166c7309c 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/range_ext_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/range_ext_test.rb
@@ -99,21 +99,21 @@ class RangeTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_each_on_time_with_zone
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] , Time.utc(2006,11,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] , Time.utc(2006, 11, 28, 10, 30))
     assert_raises TypeError do
       ((twz - 1.hour)..twz).each {}
     end
   end
 
   def test_step_on_time_with_zone
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] , Time.utc(2006,11,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] , Time.utc(2006, 11, 28, 10, 30))
     assert_raises TypeError do
       ((twz - 1.hour)..twz).step(1) {}
     end
   end
 
   def test_include_on_time_with_zone
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] , Time.utc(2006,11,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] , Time.utc(2006, 11, 28, 10, 30))
     assert_raises TypeError do
       ((twz - 1.hour)..twz).include?(twz)
     end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_ext_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_ext_test.rb
index a6c9a7d5a8..c11804c3dc 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_ext_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_ext_test.rb
@@ -4,32 +4,32 @@ require "core_ext/date_and_time_behavior"
 require "time_zone_test_helpers"
 
 class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  def date_time_init(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,usec=0)
-    Time.local(year,month,day,hour,minute,second,usec)
+  def date_time_init(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, usec = 0)
+    Time.local(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, usec)
   end
 
   include DateAndTimeBehavior
   include TimeZoneTestHelpers
 
   def test_seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 1,Time.local(2005,1,1,0,0,1).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 60,Time.local(2005,1,1,0,1,0).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 3660,Time.local(2005,1,1,1,1,0).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 86399,Time.local(2005,1,1,23,59,59).seconds_since_midnight
-    assert_equal 60.00001,Time.local(2005,1,1,0,1,0,10).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 1, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 60, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 3660, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 86399, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight
+    assert_equal 60.00001, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 10).seconds_since_midnight
   end
 
   def test_seconds_since_midnight_at_daylight_savings_time_start
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 April 3rd 2:00am ST => April 3rd 3:00am DT
-      assert_equal 2*3600-1, Time.local(2005,4,3,1,59,59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST start"
-      assert_equal 2*3600+1, Time.local(2005,4,3,3, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST start"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 - 1, Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 1, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST start"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 + 1, Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 3, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST start"
     end
 
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 October 1st 2:00am ST => October 1st 3:00am DT
-      assert_equal 2*3600-1, Time.local(2006,10,1,1,59,59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST start"
-      assert_equal 2*3600+1, Time.local(2006,10,1,3, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST start"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 - 1, Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 1, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST start"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 + 1, Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 3, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST start"
     end
   end
 
@@ -37,47 +37,47 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 October 30th 2:00am DT => October 30th 1:00am ST
       # avoid setting a time between 1:00 and 2:00 since that requires specifying whether DST is active
-      assert_equal 1*3600-1, Time.local(2005,10,30,0,59,59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST end"
-      assert_equal 3*3600+1, Time.local(2005,10,30,2, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST end"
+      assert_equal 1 * 3600 - 1, Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST end"
+      assert_equal 3 * 3600 + 1, Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 2, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST end"
 
       # now set a time between 1:00 and 2:00 by specifying whether DST is active
       # uses: Time.local( sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday, isdst, tz )
-      assert_equal 1*3600+30*60, Time.local(0,30,1,30,10,2005,0,0,true,ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "before DST end"
-      assert_equal 2*3600+30*60, Time.local(0,30,1,30,10,2005,0,0,false,ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "after DST end"
+      assert_equal 1 * 3600 + 30 * 60, Time.local(0, 30, 1, 30, 10, 2005, 0, 0, true, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "before DST end"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 + 30 * 60, Time.local(0, 30, 1, 30, 10, 2005, 0, 0, false, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "after DST end"
     end
 
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 3:00am DT => March 19th 2:00am ST
       # avoid setting a time between 2:00 and 3:00 since that requires specifying whether DST is active
-      assert_equal 2*3600-1, Time.local(2006,3,19,1,59,59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST end"
-      assert_equal 4*3600+1, Time.local(2006,3,19,3, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST end"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 - 1, Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 59, 59).seconds_since_midnight, "just before DST end"
+      assert_equal 4 * 3600 + 1, Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 3, 0, 1).seconds_since_midnight, "just after DST end"
 
       # now set a time between 2:00 and 3:00 by specifying whether DST is active
       # uses: Time.local( sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday, isdst, tz )
-      assert_equal 2*3600+30*60, Time.local(0,30,2,19,3,2006,0,0,true, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "before DST end"
-      assert_equal 3*3600+30*60, Time.local(0,30,2,19,3,2006,0,0,false,ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "after DST end"
+      assert_equal 2 * 3600 + 30 * 60, Time.local(0, 30, 2, 19, 3, 2006, 0, 0, true, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "before DST end"
+      assert_equal 3 * 3600 + 30 * 60, Time.local(0, 30, 2, 19, 3, 2006, 0, 0, false, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_since_midnight, "after DST end"
     end
   end
 
   def test_seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 0, Time.local(2005,1,1,23,59,59).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 1, Time.local(2005,1,1,23,59,58).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 60, Time.local(2005,1,1,23,58,59).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 3660, Time.local(2005,1,1,22,58,59).seconds_until_end_of_day
-    assert_equal 86399, Time.local(2005,1,1,0,0,0).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 0, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 1, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 23, 59, 58).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 60, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 23, 58, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 3660, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 22, 58, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day
+    assert_equal 86399, Time.local(2005, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0).seconds_until_end_of_day
   end
 
   def test_seconds_until_end_of_day_at_daylight_savings_time_start
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 April 3rd 2:00am ST => April 3rd 3:00am DT
-      assert_equal 21*3600, Time.local(2005,4,3,1,59,59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST start"
-      assert_equal 21*3600-2, Time.local(2005,4,3,3,0,1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST start"
+      assert_equal 21 * 3600, Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 1, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST start"
+      assert_equal 21 * 3600 - 2, Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 3, 0, 1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST start"
     end
 
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 October 1st 2:00am ST => October 1st 3:00am DT
-      assert_equal 21*3600, Time.local(2006,10,1,1,59,59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST start"
-      assert_equal 21*3600-2, Time.local(2006,10,1,3,0,1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST start"
+      assert_equal 21 * 3600, Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 1, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST start"
+      assert_equal 21 * 3600 - 2, Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 3, 0, 1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST start"
     end
   end
 
@@ -85,83 +85,83 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 October 30th 2:00am DT => October 30th 1:00am ST
       # avoid setting a time between 1:00 and 2:00 since that requires specifying whether DST is active
-      assert_equal 24*3600, Time.local(2005,10,30,0,59,59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST end"
-      assert_equal 22*3600-2, Time.local(2005,10,30,2,0,1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST end"
+      assert_equal 24 * 3600, Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST end"
+      assert_equal 22 * 3600 - 2, Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 2, 0, 1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST end"
 
       # now set a time between 1:00 and 2:00 by specifying whether DST is active
       # uses: Time.local( sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday, isdst, tz )
-      assert_equal 24*3600-30*60-1, Time.local(0,30,1,30,10,2005,0,0,true,ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "before DST end"
-      assert_equal 23*3600-30*60-1, Time.local(0,30,1,30,10,2005,0,0,false,ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "after DST end"
+      assert_equal 24 * 3600 - 30 * 60 - 1, Time.local(0, 30, 1, 30, 10, 2005, 0, 0, true, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "before DST end"
+      assert_equal 23 * 3600 - 30 * 60 - 1, Time.local(0, 30, 1, 30, 10, 2005, 0, 0, false, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "after DST end"
     end
 
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 3:00am DT => March 19th 2:00am ST
       # avoid setting a time between 2:00 and 3:00 since that requires specifying whether DST is active
-      assert_equal 23*3600, Time.local(2006,3,19,1,59,59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST end"
-      assert_equal 21*3600-2, Time.local(2006,3,19,3,0,1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST end"
+      assert_equal 23 * 3600, Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 59, 59).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just before DST end"
+      assert_equal 21 * 3600 - 2, Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 3, 0, 1).seconds_until_end_of_day, "just after DST end"
 
       # now set a time between 2:00 and 3:00 by specifying whether DST is active
       # uses: Time.local( sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday, isdst, tz )
-      assert_equal 23*3600-30*60-1, Time.local(0,30,2,19,3,2006,0,0,true, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "before DST end"
-      assert_equal 22*3600-30*60-1, Time.local(0,30,2,19,3,2006,0,0,false,ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "after DST end"
+      assert_equal 23 * 3600 - 30 * 60 - 1, Time.local(0, 30, 2, 19, 3, 2006, 0, 0, true, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "before DST end"
+      assert_equal 22 * 3600 - 30 * 60 - 1, Time.local(0, 30, 2, 19, 3, 2006, 0, 0, false, ENV["TZ"]).seconds_until_end_of_day, "after DST end"
     end
   end
 
   def test_sec_fraction
-    time = Time.utc(2016, 4, 23, 0, 0, Rational(1,10000000000))
-    assert_equal Rational(1,10000000000), time.sec_fraction
+    time = Time.utc(2016, 4, 23, 0, 0, Rational(1, 10000000000))
+    assert_equal Rational(1, 10000000000), time.sec_fraction
 
     time = Time.utc(2016, 4, 23, 0, 0, 0.0000000001)
     assert_equal 0.0000000001.to_r, time.sec_fraction
 
-    time = Time.utc(2016, 4, 23, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1,10000))
-    assert_equal Rational(1,10000000000), time.sec_fraction
+    time = Time.utc(2016, 4, 23, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 10000))
+    assert_equal Rational(1, 10000000000), time.sec_fraction
 
     time = Time.utc(2016, 4, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0.0001)
     assert_equal 0.0001.to_r / 1000000, time.sec_fraction
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,4,0,0,0), Time.local(2005,2,4,10,10,10).beginning_of_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,4,2,0,0,0), Time.local(2006,4,2,10,10,10).beginning_of_day, "start DST"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,29,0,0,0), Time.local(2006,10,29,10,10,10).beginning_of_day, "ends DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 4, 2, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 4, 2, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_day, "start DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 29, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 29, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_day, "ends DST"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,19,0,0,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,10,10,10).beginning_of_day, "ends DST"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,0,0,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,10,10,10).beginning_of_day, "start DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_day, "ends DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 10, 10, 10).beginning_of_day, "start DST"
     end
   end
 
   def test_middle_of_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,4,12,0,0), Time.local(2005,2,4,10,10,10).middle_of_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 12, 0, 0), Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 10, 10, 10).middle_of_day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,4,2,12,0,0), Time.local(2006,4,2,10,10,10).middle_of_day, "start DST"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,29,12,0,0), Time.local(2006,10,29,10,10,10).middle_of_day, "ends DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 4, 2, 12, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 4, 2, 10, 10, 10).middle_of_day, "start DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 29, 12, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 29, 10, 10, 10).middle_of_day, "ends DST"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,19,12,0,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,10,10,10).middle_of_day, "ends DST"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,12,0,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,10,10,10).middle_of_day, "start DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 12, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 10, 10, 10).middle_of_day, "ends DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 12, 0, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 10, 10, 10).middle_of_day, "start DST"
     end
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_hour
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,4,19,0,0), Time.local(2005,2,4,19,30,10).beginning_of_hour
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 0, 0), Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).beginning_of_hour
   end
 
   def test_beginning_of_minute
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,4,19,30,0), Time.local(2005,2,4,19,30,10).beginning_of_minute
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 0), Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).beginning_of_minute
   end
 
   def test_end_of_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2007,8,12,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2007,8,12,10,10,10).end_of_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2007, 8, 12, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2007, 8, 12, 10, 10, 10).end_of_day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2007,4,2,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2007,4,2,10,10,10).end_of_day, "start DST"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2007,10,29,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2007,10,29,10,10,10).end_of_day, "ends DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2007, 4, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2007, 4, 2, 10, 10, 10).end_of_day, "start DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2007, 10, 29, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2007, 10, 29, 10, 10, 10).end_of_day, "ends DST"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,19,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2006,3,19,10,10,10).end_of_day, "ends DST"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2006,10,1,10,10,10).end_of_day, "start DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 10, 10, 10).end_of_day, "ends DST"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 10, 10, 10).end_of_day, "start DST"
     end
     with_env_tz "Asia/Yekaterinburg" do
       assert_equal Time.local(2015, 2, 8, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.new(2015, 2, 8, 8, 0, 0, "+05:00").end_of_day
@@ -169,334 +169,334 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_end_of_hour
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,4,19,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2005,2,4,19,30,10).end_of_hour
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).end_of_hour
   end
 
   def test_end_of_minute
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,4,19,30,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2005,2,4,19,30,10).end_of_minute
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2005, 2, 4, 19, 30, 10).end_of_minute
   end
 
   def test_last_year
-    assert_equal Time.local(2004,6,5,10),  Time.local(2005,6,5,10,0,0).last_year
+    assert_equal Time.local(2004, 6, 5, 10),  Time.local(2005, 6, 5, 10, 0, 0).last_year
   end
 
   def test_ago
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,9),  Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,9,10,10),  Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(3600)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,20,10,10,10), Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(86400*2)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,20,9,9,45),   Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).ago(86400*2 + 3600 + 25)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 9),  Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 9, 10, 10),  Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(3600)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 20, 10, 10, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(86400 * 2)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 20, 9, 9, 45),   Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).ago(86400 * 2 + 3600 + 25)
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_backward_start
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 April 3rd 4:18am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,2,3,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,4,18,0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,2,3,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,4,18,0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,2,3,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,4,18,0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 3, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 4, 18, 0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 3, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 3, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>st"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,1,4,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,4,18,0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,1,4,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,4,18,0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,1,4,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,4,18,0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 1, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 4, 18, 0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 1, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 1, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>st"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 October 1st 4:18am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,30,3,18,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,4,18,0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,30,3,18,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,4,18,0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,30,3,18,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,4,18,0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 3, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 4, 18, 0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 3, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 3, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>st"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,29,4,18,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,4,18,0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,29,4,18,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,4,18,0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,29,4,18,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,4,18,0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 29, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 4, 18, 0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 29, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 29, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 4, 18, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>st"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_backward_end
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 October 30th 4:03am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,29,5,3), Time.local(2005,10,30,4,3,0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,29,5,3), Time.local(2005,10,30,4,3,0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,29,5,3), Time.local(2005,10,30,4,3,0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 5, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 4, 3, 0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 5, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 5, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>dt"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,28,4,3), Time.local(2005,10,29,4,3,0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,28,4,3), Time.local(2005,10,29,4,3,0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,28,4,3), Time.local(2005,10,29,4,3,0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 28, 4, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 4, 3, 0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 28, 4, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 28, 4, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>dt"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 4:03am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,18,5,3), Time.local(2006,3,19,4,3,0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,18,5,3), Time.local(2006,3,19,4,3,0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,18,5,3), Time.local(2006,3,19,4,3,0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 5, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 4, 3, 0).ago(24.hours), "st-24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 5, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400), "st-86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 5, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "st-86400.seconds=>dt"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,17,4,3), Time.local(2006,3,18,4,3,0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,17,4,3), Time.local(2006,3,18,4,3,0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,17,4,3), Time.local(2006,3,18,4,3,0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 17, 4, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 4, 3, 0).ago(24.hours), "dt-24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 17, 4, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400), "dt-86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 17, 4, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 4, 3, 0).ago(86400.seconds), "dt-86400.seconds=>dt"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_backward_start_1day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 April 3rd 4:18am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,2,4,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,4,18,0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,1,4,18,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,4,18,0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 4, 18, 0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 1, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 4, 18, 0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>st"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 October 1st 4:18am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,30,4,18,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,4,18,0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,29,4,18,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,4,18,0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 4, 18, 0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 29, 4, 18, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 4, 18, 0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>st"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_backward_end_1day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 October 30th 4:03am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,29,4,3), Time.local(2005,10,30,4,3,0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,28,4,3), Time.local(2005,10,29,4,3,0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 4, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 4, 3, 0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 28, 4, 3), Time.local(2005, 10, 29, 4, 3, 0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>dt"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 4:03am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,18,4,3), Time.local(2006,3,19,4,3,0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,17,4,3), Time.local(2006,3,18,4,3,0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 4, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 4, 3, 0).ago(1.day), "st-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 17, 4, 3), Time.local(2006, 3, 18, 4, 3, 0).ago(1.day), "dt-1.day=>dt"
     end
   end
 
   def test_since
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,11), Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,11,10,10), Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(3600)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,24,10,10,10), Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(86400*2)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,24,11,10,35), Time.local(2005,2,22,10,10,10).since(86400*2 + 3600 + 25)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 11), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 11, 10, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(3600)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 24, 10, 10, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(86400 * 2)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 24, 11, 10, 35), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 10, 10, 10).since(86400 * 2 + 3600 + 25)
     # when out of range of Time, returns a DateTime
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2038,1,20,11,59,59), Time.utc(2038,1,18,11,59,59).since(86400*2)
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2038, 1, 20, 11, 59, 59), Time.utc(2038, 1, 18, 11, 59, 59).since(86400 * 2)
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_forward_start
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 April 2nd 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,3,20,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,19,27,0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,3,20,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,19,27,0).since(86400), "st+86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,3,20,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,19,27,0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 20, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 19, 27, 0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 20, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 19, 27, 0).since(86400), "st+86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 20, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 19, 27, 0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>dt"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,4,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,4,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,4,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 4, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 4, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 4, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>dt"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 September 30th 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,20,27,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,19,27,0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,20,27,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,19,27,0).since(86400), "st+86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,20,27,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,19,27,0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 20, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 19, 27, 0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 20, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 19, 27, 0).since(86400), "st+86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 20, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 19, 27, 0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>dt"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,2,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,2,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,2,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 2, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 2, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 2, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>dt"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_forward_start_1day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 April 2nd 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,19,27,0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,4,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 19, 27, 0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 4, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>dt"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 September 30th 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,19,27,0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,2,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 19, 27, 0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 2, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>dt"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_forward_start_tomorrow
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 April 2nd 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,2,19,27,0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,4,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 19, 27, 0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 4, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>dt"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 September 30th 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,9,30,19,27,0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,2,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 19, 27, 0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 2, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>dt"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_backward_start_yesterday
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # st: US: 2005 April 2nd 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,2,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,4,3,19,27,0), Time.local(2005,4,4,19,27,0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 2, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 4, 3, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2005, 4, 4, 19, 27, 0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>dt"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # st: New Zealand: 2006 September 30th 7:27pm
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,9,30,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,1,19,27,0), Time.local(2006,10,2,19,27,0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 9, 30, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 19, 27, 0), Time.local(2006, 10, 2, 19, 27, 0).yesterday, "dt-1.day=>dt"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_forward_end
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 October 30th 12:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,30,23,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,30,0,45,0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,30,23,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,30,0,45,0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,30,23,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,30,0,45,0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 23, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 45, 0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 23, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 45, 0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 23, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 45, 0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>st"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,11, 1,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,11, 1,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0).since(86400), "st+86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,11, 1,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 11, 1, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 11, 1, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0).since(86400), "st+86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 11, 1, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>st"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 1:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20,0,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,1,45,0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20,0,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,1,45,0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20,0,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,1,45,0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 45, 0).since(24.hours), "dt+24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 45, 0).since(86400), "dt+86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 45, 0).since(86400.seconds), "dt+86400.seconds=>st"
 
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,21,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,21,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0).since(86400), "st+86400=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,21,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 21, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0).since(24.hours), "st+24.hours=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 21, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0).since(86400), "st+86400=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 21, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0).since(86400.seconds), "st+86400.seconds=>st"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_forward_end_1day
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 October 30th 12:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,30,0,45,0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,11, 1,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 45, 0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 11, 1, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>st"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 1:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,1,45,0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,21,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 45, 0).since(1.day), "dt+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 21, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0).since(1.day), "st+1.day=>st"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_forward_end_tomorrow
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 October 30th 12:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,30,0,45,0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,11, 1,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 45, 0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 11, 1, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>st"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 1:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,19,1,45,0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>st"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,21,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 45, 0).tomorrow, "dt+1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 21, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0).tomorrow, "st+1.day=>st"
     end
   end
 
   def test_daylight_savings_time_crossings_backward_end_yesterday
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       # dt: US: 2005 October 30th 12:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10,30,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,10,31,0,45,0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,10, 31,0,45,0), Time.local(2005,11,1,0,45,0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 30, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 10, 31, 0, 45, 0), Time.local(2005, 11, 1, 0, 45, 0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>st"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
       # dt: New Zealand: 2006 March 19th 1:45am
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,19,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>dt"
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20,1,45,0), Time.local(2006,3,21,1,45,0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>st"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>dt"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20, 1, 45, 0), Time.local(2006, 3, 21, 1, 45, 0).yesterday, "st-1.day=>st"
     end
   end
 
   def test_change
-    assert_equal Time.local(2006,2,22,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(year: 2006)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,6,22,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(month: 6)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2012,9,22,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(year: 2012, month: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,16),       Time.local(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(hour: 16)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,16,45),    Time.local(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(hour: 16, min: 45)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22,15,45),    Time.local(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(min: 45)
-
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,1,2, 5, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33,44).change(hour: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,1,2,11, 6, 0, 0), Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33,44).change(min: 6)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22, 7, 0), Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33,44).change(sec: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33, 8), Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33,44).change(usec: 8)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33, 8), Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33,2).change(nsec: 8000)
-    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Time.local(2005,1,2,11,22,33, 8).change(usec: 1, nsec: 1) }
+    assert_equal Time.local(2006, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(year: 2006)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 6, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(month: 6)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2012, 9, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(year: 2012, month: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 16),       Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(hour: 16)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 16, 45),    Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(hour: 16, min: 45)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 45),    Time.local(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(min: 45)
+
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 5, 0, 0, 0), Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 44).change(hour: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 6, 0, 0), Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 44).change(min: 6)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 7, 0), Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 44).change(sec: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 8), Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 44).change(usec: 8)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 8), Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 2).change(nsec: 8000)
+    assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Time.local(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 8).change(usec: 1, nsec: 1) }
     assert_nothing_raised { Time.new(2015, 5, 9, 10, 00, 00, "+03:00").change(nsec: 999999999) }
   end
 
   def test_utc_change
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,2,22,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(year: 2006)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,6,22,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(month: 6)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2012,9,22,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(year: 2012, month: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,22,16),       Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(hour: 16)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,22,16,45),    Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(hour: 16, min: 45)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,45),    Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).change(min: 45)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,1,2,11,22,33,8), Time.utc(2005,1,2,11,22,33,2).change(nsec: 8000)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(year: 2006)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 6, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(month: 6)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2012, 9, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(year: 2012, month: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 16),       Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(hour: 16)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 16, 45),    Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(hour: 16, min: 45)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 45),    Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).change(min: 45)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 8), Time.utc(2005, 1, 2, 11, 22, 33, 2).change(nsec: 8000)
   end
 
   def test_offset_change
-    assert_equal Time.new(2006,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").change(year: 2006)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,6,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").change(month: 6)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2012,9,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").change(year: 2012, month: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,22,16,0,0,"-08:00"),   Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").change(hour: 16)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,22,16,45,0,"-08:00"),  Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").change(hour: 16, min: 45)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,22,15,45,0,"-08:00"),  Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").change(min: 45)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"),  Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,0,"-08:00").change(sec: 10)
-    assert_equal 10, Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,0,"-08:00").change(usec: 10).usec
-    assert_equal 10, Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,0,"-08:00").change(nsec: 10).nsec
+    assert_equal Time.new(2006, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").change(year: 2006)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 6, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").change(month: 6)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2012, 9, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").change(year: 2012, month: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 16, 0, 0, "-08:00"),   Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").change(hour: 16)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 16, 45, 0, "-08:00"),  Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").change(hour: 16, min: 45)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 45, 0, "-08:00"),  Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").change(min: 45)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"),  Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 0, "-08:00").change(sec: 10)
+    assert_equal 10, Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 0, "-08:00").change(usec: 10).usec
+    assert_equal 10, Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 0, "-08:00").change(nsec: 10).nsec
     assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 45, "-08:00").change(usec: 1000000) }
     assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 45, "-08:00").change(nsec: 1000000000) }
   end
 
   def test_advance
-    assert_equal Time.local(2006,2,28,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,6,28,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(months: 4)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,3,21,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,3,25,3,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3.5)
-    assert_in_delta Time.local(2005,3,26,12,51,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3.7), 1
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,3,5,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,3,6,3,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5.5)
-    assert_in_delta Time.local(2005,3,6,8,3,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5.7), 1
-    assert_equal Time.local(2012,9,28,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2013,10,3,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2013,10,17,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2001,12,27,15,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10), Time.local(2004,2,29,15,15,10).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,28,20,15,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,28,15,22,10), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(minutes: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,19), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,28,20,22,19), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,28,10,8,1), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
-    assert_equal Time.local(2013,10,17,20,22,19), Time.local(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2006, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 6, 28, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(months: 4)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 3, 21, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 3, 25, 3, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3.5)
+    assert_in_delta Time.local(2005, 3, 26, 12, 51, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3.7), 1
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 3, 5, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 3, 6, 3, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5.5)
+    assert_in_delta Time.local(2005, 3, 6, 8, 3, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5.7), 1
+    assert_equal Time.local(2012, 9, 28, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2013, 10, 3, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2013, 10, 17, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2001, 12, 27, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(2004, 2, 29, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 20, 15, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 22, 10), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(minutes: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 19), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 20, 22, 19), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 10, 8, 1), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2013, 10, 17, 20, 22, 19), Time.local(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
   end
 
   def test_utc_advance
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,2,22,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).advance(years: 1)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,6,22,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).advance(months: 4)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,3,21,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,3,25,3,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3.5)
-    assert_in_delta Time.utc(2005,3,26,12,51,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(weeks: 3.7), 1
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,3,5,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,3,6,3,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5.5)
-    assert_in_delta Time.utc(2005,3,6,8,3,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(days: 5.7), 1
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2012,9,22,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2013,10,3,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,22,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 11)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2013,10,17,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2001,12,27,15,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10), Time.utc(2004,2,29,15,15,10).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,20,15,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,22,10), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(minutes: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,19), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,20,22,19), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2005,2,28,10,8,1), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2013,10,17,20,22,19), Time.utc(2005,2,28,15,15,10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 1)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 6, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).advance(months: 4)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 3, 21, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 3, 25, 3, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3.5)
+    assert_in_delta Time.utc(2005, 3, 26, 12, 51, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(weeks: 3.7), 1
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 3, 5, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 3, 6, 3, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5.5)
+    assert_in_delta Time.utc(2005, 3, 6, 8, 3, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 5.7), 1
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2012, 9, 22, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2013, 10, 3, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 11)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2013, 10, 17, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2001, 12, 27, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10), Time.utc(2004, 2, 29, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 20, 15, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 22, 10), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(minutes: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 19), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 20, 22, 19), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 10, 8, 1), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2013, 10, 17, 20, 22, 19), Time.utc(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10).advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
   end
 
   def test_offset_advance
-    assert_equal Time.new(2006,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: 1)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,6,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(months: 4)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,3,21,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(weeks: 3)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,3,25,3,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(weeks: 3.5)
-    assert_in_delta Time.new(2005,3,26,12,51,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(weeks: 3.7), 1
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,3,5,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,3,6,3,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(days: 5.5)
-    assert_in_delta Time.new(2005,3,6,8,3,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(days: 5.7), 1
-    assert_equal Time.new(2012,9,22,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2013,10,3,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,22,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 11)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2013,10,17,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2001,12,27,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2004,2,29,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,28,20,15,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(hours: 5)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,28,15,22,10,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(minutes: 7)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,19,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,28,20,22,19,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2005,2,28,10,8,1,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
-    assert_equal Time.new(2013,10,17,20,22,19,"-08:00"), Time.new(2005,2,28,15,15,10,"-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2006, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: 1)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 6, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(months: 4)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 3, 21, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(weeks: 3)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 3, 25, 3, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(weeks: 3.5)
+    assert_in_delta Time.new(2005, 3, 26, 12, 51, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(weeks: 3.7), 1
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 3, 5, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 3, 6, 3, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(days: 5.5)
+    assert_in_delta Time.new(2005, 3, 6, 8, 3, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(days: 5.7), 1
+    assert_equal Time.new(2012, 9, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2013, 10, 3, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 22, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 19, days: 11)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2013, 10, 17, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2001, 12, 27, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: -3, months: -2, days: -1)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2004, 2, 29, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: 1) #leap day plus one year
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 20, 15, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(hours: 5)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 22, 10, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(minutes: 7)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 19, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 20, 22, 19, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 10, 8, 1, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(hours: -5, minutes: -7, seconds: -9)
+    assert_equal Time.new(2013, 10, 17, 20, 22, 19, "-08:00"), Time.new(2005, 2, 28, 15, 15, 10, "-08:00").advance(years: 7, months: 19, weeks: 2, days: 5, hours: 5, minutes: 7, seconds: 9)
   end
 
   def test_advance_with_nsec
@@ -505,37 +505,37 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_gregorian_proleptic
-    assert_equal Time.local(1582,10,14,15,15,10), Time.local(1582,10,15,15,15,10).advance(days: -1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(1582,10,15,15,15,10), Time.local(1582,10,14,15,15,10).advance(days: 1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(1582,10,5,15,15,10), Time.local(1582,10,4,15,15,10).advance(days: 1)
-    assert_equal Time.local(1582,10,4,15,15,10), Time.local(1582,10,5,15,15,10).advance(days: -1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(1582, 10, 14, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(1582, 10, 15, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: -1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(1582, 10, 15, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(1582, 10, 14, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(1582, 10, 5, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(1582, 10, 4, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: 1)
+    assert_equal Time.local(1582, 10, 4, 15, 15, 10), Time.local(1582, 10, 5, 15, 15, 10).advance(days: -1)
   end
 
   def test_last_week
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,21), Time.local(2005,3,1,15,15,10).last_week
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,22), Time.local(2005,3,1,15,15,10).last_week(:tuesday)
-      assert_equal Time.local(2005,2,25), Time.local(2005,3,1,15,15,10).last_week(:friday)
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,30), Time.local(2006,11,6,0,0,0).last_week
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,11,15), Time.local(2006,11,23,0,0,0).last_week(:wednesday)
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 21), Time.local(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).last_week
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 22), Time.local(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).last_week(:tuesday)
+      assert_equal Time.local(2005, 2, 25), Time.local(2005, 3, 1, 15, 15, 10).last_week(:friday)
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 30), Time.local(2006, 11, 6, 0, 0, 0).last_week
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 11, 15), Time.local(2006, 11, 23, 0, 0, 0).last_week(:wednesday)
     end
   end
 
   def test_next_week_near_daylight_start
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,4,3), Time.local(2006,4,2,23,1,0).next_week, "just crossed standard => daylight"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 4, 3), Time.local(2006, 4, 2, 23, 1, 0).next_week, "just crossed standard => daylight"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,2), Time.local(2006,10,1,23,1,0).next_week, "just crossed standard => daylight"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 2), Time.local(2006, 10, 1, 23, 1, 0).next_week, "just crossed standard => daylight"
     end
   end
 
   def test_next_week_near_daylight_end
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,10,30), Time.local(2006,10,29,23,1,0).next_week, "just crossed daylight => standard"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 10, 30), Time.local(2006, 10, 29, 23, 1, 0).next_week, "just crossed daylight => standard"
     end
     with_env_tz "NZ" do
-      assert_equal Time.local(2006,3,20), Time.local(2006,3,19,23,1,0).next_week, "just crossed daylight => standard"
+      assert_equal Time.local(2006, 3, 20), Time.local(2006, 3, 19, 23, 1, 0).next_week, "just crossed daylight => standard"
     end
   end
 
@@ -660,72 +660,72 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_today_with_time_local
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
-      assert_equal false, Time.local(1999,12,31,23,59,59).today?
-      assert_equal true,  Time.local(2000,1,1,0).today?
-      assert_equal true,  Time.local(2000,1,1,23,59,59).today?
-      assert_equal false, Time.local(2000,1,2,0).today?
+      assert_equal false, Time.local(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59).today?
+      assert_equal true,  Time.local(2000, 1, 1, 0).today?
+      assert_equal true,  Time.local(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).today?
+      assert_equal false, Time.local(2000, 1, 2, 0).today?
     end
   end
 
   def test_today_with_time_utc
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
-      assert_equal false, Time.utc(1999,12,31,23,59,59).today?
-      assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2000,1,1,0).today?
-      assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2000,1,1,23,59,59).today?
-      assert_equal false, Time.utc(2000,1,2,0).today?
+      assert_equal false, Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59).today?
+      assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0).today?
+      assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59).today?
+      assert_equal false, Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 0).today?
     end
   end
 
   def test_past_with_time_current_as_time_local
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)) do
-        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,44).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,46).past?
-        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,20,30,44).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,20,30,45).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,20,30,46).past?
+      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)) do
+        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46).past?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 44).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 45).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 46).past?
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_past_with_time_current_as_time_with_zone
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      twz = Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,45).in_time_zone("Central Time (US & Canada)")
+      twz = Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45).in_time_zone("Central Time (US & Canada)")
       Time.stub(:current, twz) do
-        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005,2,10,10,30,44).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,10,30,45).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,10,30,46).past?
-        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,44).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,45).past?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,46).past?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 10, 30, 44).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 10, 30, 45).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 10, 30, 46).past?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45).past?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46).past?
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_future_with_time_current_as_time_local
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)) do
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,44).future?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45).future?
-        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,46).future?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,20,30,44).future?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,20,30,45).future?
-        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,20,30,46).future?
+      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)) do
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45).future?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 44).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 45).future?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 20, 30, 46).future?
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_future_with_time_current_as_time_with_zone
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      twz = Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,45).in_time_zone("Central Time (US & Canada)")
+      twz = Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45).in_time_zone("Central Time (US & Canada)")
       Time.stub(:current, twz) do
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,10,30,44).future?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005,2,10,10,30,45).future?
-        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005,2,10,10,30,46).future?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,44).future?
-        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,45).future?
-        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005,2,10,15,30,46).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 10, 30, 44).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 10, 30, 45).future?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 10, 30, 46).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44).future?
+        assert_equal false,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45).future?
+        assert_equal true,  Time.utc(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46).future?
       end
     end
   end
@@ -762,15 +762,15 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_compare_with_time_with_zone
-    assert_equal  1, Time.utc(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal  0, Time.utc(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal(-1, Time.utc(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ))
+    assert_equal  1, Time.utc(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal  0, Time.utc(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal(-1, Time.utc(2000) <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]))
   end
 
   def test_compare_with_string
     assert_equal   1, Time.utc(2000) <=> Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999).to_s
     assert_equal   0, Time.utc(2000) <=> Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0).to_s
-    assert_equal( -1, Time.utc(2000) <=> Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0).to_s)
+    assert_equal(-1, Time.utc(2000) <=> Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0).to_s)
     assert_equal nil, Time.utc(2000) <=> "Invalid as Time"
   end
 
@@ -851,13 +851,13 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_eql?
-    assert_equal true, Time.utc(2000).eql?( ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) )
-    assert_equal true, Time.utc(2000).eql?( ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]) )
-    assert_equal false,Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1).eql?( ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) )
+    assert_equal true, Time.utc(2000).eql?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]))
+    assert_equal true, Time.utc(2000).eql?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]))
+    assert_equal false, Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1).eql?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]))
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_time_with_zone
-    assert_equal  86_400.0, Time.utc(2000, 1, 2) - ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
+    assert_equal  86_400.0, Time.utc(2000, 1, 2) - ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_datetime
@@ -883,32 +883,32 @@ class TimeExtCalculationsTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_all_day
-    assert_equal Time.local(2011,6,7,0,0,0)..Time.local(2011,6,7,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10).all_day
+    assert_equal Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 0, 0, 0)..Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10).all_day
   end
 
   def test_all_day_with_timezone
-    beginning_of_day = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"], Time.local(2011,6,7,0,0,0))
-    end_of_day = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"], Time.local(2011,6,7,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)))
+    beginning_of_day = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"], Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 0, 0, 0))
+    end_of_day = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"], Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)))
 
-    assert_equal beginning_of_day, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).all_day.begin
-    assert_equal end_of_day, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).all_day.end
+    assert_equal beginning_of_day, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).all_day.begin
+    assert_equal end_of_day, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).all_day.end
   end
 
   def test_all_week
-    assert_equal Time.local(2011,6,6,0,0,0)..Time.local(2011,6,12,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10).all_week
-    assert_equal Time.local(2011,6,5,0,0,0)..Time.local(2011,6,11,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10).all_week(:sunday)
+    assert_equal Time.local(2011, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0)..Time.local(2011, 6, 12, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10).all_week
+    assert_equal Time.local(2011, 6, 5, 0, 0, 0)..Time.local(2011, 6, 11, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10).all_week(:sunday)
   end
 
   def test_all_month
-    assert_equal Time.local(2011,6,1,0,0,0)..Time.local(2011,6,30,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10).all_month
+    assert_equal Time.local(2011, 6, 1, 0, 0, 0)..Time.local(2011, 6, 30, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10).all_month
   end
 
   def test_all_quarter
-    assert_equal Time.local(2011,4,1,0,0,0)..Time.local(2011,6,30,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10).all_quarter
+    assert_equal Time.local(2011, 4, 1, 0, 0, 0)..Time.local(2011, 6, 30, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10).all_quarter
   end
 
   def test_all_year
-    assert_equal Time.local(2011,1,1,0,0,0)..Time.local(2011,12,31,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011,6,7,10,10,10).all_year
+    assert_equal Time.local(2011, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)..Time.local(2011, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 10, 10, 10).all_year
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_with_zone_test.rb b/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_with_zone_test.rb
index e35aa6e154..620084f27d 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_with_zone_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/core_ext/time_with_zone_test.rb
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_nsec
-    local     = Time.local(2011,6,7,23,59,59,Rational(999999999, 1000))
+    local     = Time.local(2011, 6, 7, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000))
     with_zone = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"], local)
 
     assert_equal local.nsec, with_zone.nsec
@@ -215,69 +215,69 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_compare_with_time_with_zone
-    assert_equal  1, @twz <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal  0, @twz <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal(-1, @twz <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ))
+    assert_equal  1, @twz <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal  0, @twz <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal(-1, @twz <=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]))
   end
 
   def test_between?
-    assert @twz.between?(Time.utc(1999,12,31,23,59,59), Time.utc(2000,1,1,0,0,1))
-    assert_equal false, @twz.between?(Time.utc(2000,1,1,0,0,1), Time.utc(2000,1,1,0,0,2))
+    assert @twz.between?(Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59), Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1))
+    assert_equal false, @twz.between?(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1), Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2))
   end
 
   def test_today
     Date.stub(:current, Date.new(2000, 1, 1)) do
-      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(1999,12,31,23,59,59) ).today?
-      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000,1,1,0) ).today?
-      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000,1,1,23,59,59) ).today?
-      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000,1,2,0) ).today?
+      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59)).today?
+      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0)).today?
+      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59)).today?
+      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 0)).today?
     end
   end
 
   def test_past_with_time_current_as_time_local
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)) do
-        assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,44)).past?
-        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)).past?
-        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,46)).past?
+      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)) do
+        assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44)).past?
+        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)).past?
+        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46)).past?
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_past_with_time_current_as_time_with_zone
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45) )
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45))
     Time.stub(:current, twz) do
-      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,44)).past?
-      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)).past?
-      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,46)).past?
+      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44)).past?
+      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)).past?
+      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46)).past?
     end
   end
 
   def test_future_with_time_current_as_time_local
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)) do
-        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,44)).future?
-        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)).future?
-        assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,46)).future?
+      Time.stub(:current, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)) do
+        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44)).future?
+        assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)).future?
+        assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46)).future?
       end
     end
   end
 
   def test_future_with_time_current_as_time_with_zone
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45) )
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45))
     Time.stub(:current, twz) do
-      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,44)).future?
-      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,45)).future?
-      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005,2,10,15,30,46)).future?
+      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 44)).future?
+      assert_equal false, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)).future?
+      assert_equal true, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.local(2005, 2, 10, 15, 30, 46)).future?
     end
   end
 
   def test_eql?
     assert_equal true, @twz.eql?(@twz.dup)
     assert_equal true, @twz.eql?(Time.utc(2000))
-    assert_equal true, @twz.eql?( ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]) )
-    assert_equal false, @twz.eql?( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1) )
-    assert_equal false, @twz.eql?( DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59) )
+    assert_equal true, @twz.eql?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]))
+    assert_equal false, @twz.eql?(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1))
+    assert_equal false, @twz.eql?(DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59))
 
     other_twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.now.utc, @time_zone)
     assert_equal true, other_twz.eql?(other_twz.dup)
@@ -289,117 +289,117 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_plus_with_integer
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0 ,5), (@twz + 5).time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0 , 5), (@twz + 5).time
   end
 
   def test_plus_with_integer_when_self_wraps_datetime
     datetime = DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0)
     twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(datetime, @time_zone)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0 ,5), (twz + 5).time
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 19, 0 , 5), (twz + 5).time
   end
 
   def test_plus_when_crossing_time_class_limit
     twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2038, 1, 19), @time_zone)
-    assert_equal [0, 0, 19, 19, 1, 2038], (twz + 86_400).to_a[0,6]
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 19, 19, 1, 2038], (twz + 86_400).to_a[0, 6]
   end
 
   def test_plus_with_duration
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2000, 1, 5, 19, 0 ,0), (@twz + 5.days).time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2000, 1, 5, 19, 0 , 0), (@twz + 5.days).time
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_integer
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 18, 59 ,55), (@twz - 5).time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 18, 59 , 55), (@twz - 5).time
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_integer_when_self_wraps_datetime
     datetime = DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0)
     twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(datetime, @time_zone)
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 18, 59 ,55), (twz - 5).time
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(1999, 12, 31, 18, 59 , 55), (twz - 5).time
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_duration
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 26, 19, 0 ,0), (@twz - 5.days).time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 26, 19, 0 , 0), (@twz - 5.days).time
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_time
-    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 1)
-    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"] ) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 1)
+    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 1)
+    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 1)
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_time_precision
-    assert_equal  86_399.999999998,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 1000))
-    assert_equal  86_399.999999998,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"] ) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 1000))
+    assert_equal  86_399.999999998,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 1000))
+    assert_equal  86_399.999999998,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 1000))
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_time_with_zone
-    twz1 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    twz2 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    assert_equal  86_400.0,  twz2 - twz1
+    twz1 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    twz2 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    assert_equal 86_400.0,  twz2 - twz1
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_time_with_zone_precision
-    twz1 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
-    twz2 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] )
+    twz1 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, Rational(1, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
+    twz2 = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"])
     assert_equal  86_399.999999998,  twz2 - twz1
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_datetime
-    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ) - DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1)
+    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) - DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1)
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_datetime_precision
-    assert_equal  86_399.999999999,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ) - DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1)
+    assert_equal  86_399.999999999,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 23, 59, 59, Rational(999999999, 1000)), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) - DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1)
   end
 
   def test_minus_with_wrapped_datetime
-    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 1)
-    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"] ) - DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1)
+    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) - Time.utc(2000, 1, 1)
+    assert_equal  86_400.0,  ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 2), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["UTC"]) - DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1)
   end
 
   def test_plus_and_minus_enforce_spring_dst_rules
-    utc = Time.utc(2006,4,2,6,59,59) # == Apr 2 2006 01:59:59 EST; i.e., 1 second before daylight savings start
+    utc = Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 6, 59, 59) # == Apr 2 2006 01:59:59 EST; i.e., 1 second before daylight savings start
     twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(utc, @time_zone)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,1,59,59), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 1, 59, 59), twz.time
     assert_equal false, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EST", twz.zone
     twz = twz + 1
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,3), twz.time # adding 1 sec springs forward to 3:00AM EDT
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 3), twz.time # adding 1 sec springs forward to 3:00AM EDT
     assert_equal true, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz.zone
     twz = twz - 1 # subtracting 1 second takes goes back to 1:59:59AM EST
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,1,59,59), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 1, 59, 59), twz.time
     assert_equal false, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EST", twz.zone
   end
 
   def test_plus_and_minus_enforce_fall_dst_rules
-    utc = Time.utc(2006,10,29,5,59,59) # == Oct 29 2006 01:59:59 EST; i.e., 1 second before daylight savings end
+    utc = Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 5, 59, 59) # == Oct 29 2006 01:59:59 EST; i.e., 1 second before daylight savings end
     twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(utc, @time_zone)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,1,59,59), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1, 59, 59), twz.time
     assert_equal true, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz.zone
     twz = twz + 1
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,1), twz.time # adding 1 sec falls back from 1:59:59 EDT to 1:00AM EST
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1), twz.time # adding 1 sec falls back from 1:59:59 EDT to 1:00AM EST
     assert_equal false, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EST", twz.zone
     twz = twz - 1
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,1,59,59), twz.time # subtracting 1 sec goes back to 1:59:59AM EDT
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1, 59, 59), twz.time # subtracting 1 sec goes back to 1:59:59AM EDT
     assert_equal true, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz.zone
   end
 
   def test_to_a
-    assert_equal [45, 30, 5, 1, 2, 2000, 2, 32, false, "HST"], ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 2, 1, 15, 30, 45), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"] ).to_a
+    assert_equal [45, 30, 5, 1, 2, 2000, 2, 32, false, "HST"], ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 2, 1, 15, 30, 45), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).to_a
   end
 
   def test_to_f
-    result = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"] ).to_f
+    result = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).to_f
     assert_equal 946684800.0, result
     assert_kind_of Float, result
   end
 
   def test_to_i
-    result = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"] ).to_i
+    result = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"]).to_i
     assert_equal 946684800, result
     assert_kind_of Integer, result
   end
@@ -431,13 +431,13 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_to_date
     # 1 sec before midnight Jan 1 EST
-    assert_equal Date.new(1999, 12, 31), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 4, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] ).to_date
+    assert_equal Date.new(1999, 12, 31), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 4, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]).to_date
     # midnight Jan 1 EST
-    assert_equal Date.new(2000,  1,  1), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 5,  0,  0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] ).to_date
+    assert_equal Date.new(2000,  1,  1), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 5,  0,  0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]).to_date
     # 1 sec before midnight Jan 2 EST
-    assert_equal Date.new(2000,  1,  1), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 4, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] ).to_date
+    assert_equal Date.new(2000,  1,  1), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 4, 59, 59), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]).to_date
     # midnight Jan 2 EST
-    assert_equal Date.new(2000,  1,  2), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new( Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 5,  0,  0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"] ).to_date
+    assert_equal Date.new(2000,  1,  2), ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(2000, 1, 2, 5,  0,  0), ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]).to_date
   end
 
   def test_to_datetime
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_method_missing_with_time_return_value
     assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, @twz.months_since(1)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2000, 1, 31, 19, 0 ,0), @twz.months_since(1).time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2000, 1, 31, 19, 0 , 0), @twz.months_since(1).time
   end
 
   def test_marshal_dump_and_load
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_date_part_value_methods
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(1999,12,31,19,18,17,500), @time_zone)
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 19, 18, 17, 500), @time_zone)
     assert_not_called(twz, :method_missing) do
       assert_equal 1999, twz.year
       assert_equal 12, twz.month
@@ -533,12 +533,12 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_usec_returns_sec_fraction_when_datetime_is_wrapped
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1,2)), @time_zone)
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1, 2)), @time_zone)
     assert_equal 500000, twz.usec
   end
 
   def test_nsec_returns_sec_fraction_when_datetime_is_wrapped
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1,2)), @time_zone)
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, Rational(1, 2)), @time_zone)
     assert_equal 500000000, twz.nsec
   end
 
@@ -554,15 +554,15 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_instance_created_with_local_time_enforces_spring_dst_rules
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,2,2)) # first second of DST
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,3), twz.time # springs forward to 3AM
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 2)) # first second of DST
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 3), twz.time # springs forward to 3AM
     assert_equal true, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz.zone
   end
 
   def test_instance_created_with_local_time_enforces_fall_dst_rules
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,29,1)) # 1AM can be either DST or non-DST; we'll pick DST
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,1), twz.time
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1)) # 1AM can be either DST or non-DST; we'll pick DST
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1), twz.time
     assert_equal true, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz.zone
   end
@@ -575,11 +575,11 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_utc_to_local_conversion_with_far_future_datetime
-    assert_equal [0,0,19,31,12,2049], ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2050), @time_zone).to_a[0,6]
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 19, 31, 12, 2049], ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(DateTime.civil(2050), @time_zone).to_a[0, 6]
   end
 
   def test_local_to_utc_conversion_with_far_future_datetime
-    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2050).to_f, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, DateTime.civil(2049,12,31,19)).to_f
+    assert_equal DateTime.civil(2050).to_f, ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, DateTime.civil(2049, 12, 31, 19)).to_f
   end
 
   def test_change
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_year_from_leap_day
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2004,2,29))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2004, 2, 29))
     assert_equal "Mon, 28 Feb 2005 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(years: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Mon, 28 Feb 2005 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.years_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Mon, 28 Feb 2005 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.since(1.year).inspect
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_from_last_day_of_january
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2005,1,31))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2005, 1, 31))
     assert_equal "Mon, 28 Feb 2005 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(months: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Mon, 28 Feb 2005 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.months_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Mon, 28 Feb 2005 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.since(1.month).inspect
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_from_last_day_of_january_during_leap_year
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000,1,31))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2000, 1, 31))
     assert_equal "Tue, 29 Feb 2000 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(months: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Tue, 29 Feb 2000 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.months_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Tue, 29 Feb 2000 00:00:00 EST -05:00", twz.since(1.month).inspect
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_into_spring_dst_gap
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,3,2,2))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 3, 2, 2))
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 03:00:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(months: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 03:00:00 EDT -04:00", twz.months_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 03:00:00 EDT -04:00", twz.since(1.month).inspect
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_second_into_spring_dst_gap
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,2,1,59,59))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 1, 59, 59))
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 03:00:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(seconds: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 03:00:00 EDT -04:00", (twz + 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 03:00:00 EDT -04:00", (twz + 1.second).inspect
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_across_spring_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,1,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 1, 10, 30))
     # In 2006, spring DST transition occurred Apr 2 at 2AM; this day was only 23 hours long
     # When we advance 1 day, we want to end up at the same time on the next day
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(days: 1).inspect
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_across_spring_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,2,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 10, 30))
     # In 2006, spring DST transition occurred Apr 2 at 2AM; this day was only 23 hours long
     # When we advance back 1 day, we want to end up at the same time on the previous day
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(days: -1).inspect
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_expressed_as_number_of_seconds_minutes_or_hours_across_spring_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,1,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 1, 10, 30))
     # In 2006, spring DST transition occurred Apr 2 at 2AM; this day was only 23 hours long
     # When we advance a specific number of hours, minutes or seconds, we want to advance exactly that amount
     assert_equal "Sun, 02 Apr 2006 11:30:00 EDT -04:00", (twz + 86400).inspect
@@ -779,7 +779,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_expressed_as_number_of_seconds_minutes_or_hours_across_spring_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,2,11,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 11, 30))
     # In 2006, spring DST transition occurred Apr 2 at 2AM; this day was only 23 hours long
     # When we advance a specific number of hours, minutes or seconds, we want to advance exactly that amount
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", (twz - 86400).inspect
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_across_fall_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 28, 10, 30))
     # In 2006, fall DST transition occurred Oct 29 at 2AM; this day was 25 hours long
     # When we advance 1 day, we want to end up at the same time on the next day
     assert_equal "Sun, 29 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(days: 1).inspect
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_across_fall_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,29,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 10, 30))
     # In 2006, fall DST transition occurred Oct 29 at 2AM; this day was 25 hours long
     # When we advance backwards 1 day, we want to end up at the same time on the previous day
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(days: -1).inspect
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_expressed_as_number_of_seconds_minutes_or_hours_across_fall_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 28, 10, 30))
     # In 2006, fall DST transition occurred Oct 29 at 2AM; this day was 25 hours long
     # When we advance a specific number of hours, minutes or seconds, we want to advance exactly that amount
     assert_equal "Sun, 29 Oct 2006 09:30:00 EST -05:00", (twz + 86400).inspect
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_day_expressed_as_number_of_seconds_minutes_or_hours_across_fall_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,29,9,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 9, 30))
     # In 2006, fall DST transition occurred Oct 29 at 2AM; this day was 25 hours long
     # When we advance a specific number of hours, minutes or seconds, we want to advance exactly that amount
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", (twz - 86400).inspect
@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_week_across_spring_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,1,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 1, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sat, 08 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(weeks: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 08 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.weeks_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 08 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.since(1.week).inspect
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_week_across_spring_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,8,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 8, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(weeks: -1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.weeks_ago(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.ago(1.week).inspect
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_week_across_fall_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 28, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sat, 04 Nov 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(weeks: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 04 Nov 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.weeks_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 04 Nov 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.since(1.week).inspect
@@ -883,7 +883,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_week_across_fall_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,11,4,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 11, 4, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(weeks: -1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.weeks_ago(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.ago(1.week).inspect
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_across_spring_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,4,1,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 4, 1, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Mon, 01 May 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(months: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Mon, 01 May 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.months_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Mon, 01 May 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.since(1.month).inspect
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_across_spring_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,5,1,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 5, 1, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(months: -1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.months_ago(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 01 Apr 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.ago(1.month).inspect
@@ -908,7 +908,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_across_fall_dst_transition
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,10,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 10, 28, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Tue, 28 Nov 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(months: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Tue, 28 Nov 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.months_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Tue, 28 Nov 2006 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.since(1.month).inspect
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_month_across_fall_dst_transition_backwards
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006,11,28,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2006, 11, 28, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(months: -1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.months_ago(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sat, 28 Oct 2006 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.ago(1.month).inspect
@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_year
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2008,2,15,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2008, 2, 15, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Sun, 15 Feb 2009 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.advance(years: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sun, 15 Feb 2009 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.years_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Sun, 15 Feb 2009 10:30:00 EST -05:00", twz.since(1.year).inspect
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ class TimeWithZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_advance_1_year_during_dst
-    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2008,7,15,10,30))
+    twz = ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, @time_zone, Time.utc(2008, 7, 15, 10, 30))
     assert_equal "Wed, 15 Jul 2009 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.advance(years: 1).inspect
     assert_equal "Wed, 15 Jul 2009 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.years_since(1).inspect
     assert_equal "Wed, 15 Jul 2009 10:30:00 EDT -04:00", twz.since(1.year).inspect
diff --git a/activesupport/test/dependencies_test.rb b/activesupport/test/dependencies_test.rb
index 54068f5a08..f333a46d75 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/dependencies_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/dependencies_test.rb
@@ -757,14 +757,14 @@ class DependenciesTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_new_contants_in_without_constants
     assert_equal [], (ActiveSupport::Dependencies.new_constants_in(Object) {})
-    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k,v| v.empty? }
+    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k, v| v.empty? }
   end
 
   def test_new_constants_in_with_a_single_constant
     assert_equal ["Hello"], ActiveSupport::Dependencies.new_constants_in(Object) {
                               Object.const_set :Hello, 10
                             }.map(&:to_s)
-    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k,v| v.empty? }
+    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k, v| v.empty? }
   ensure
     remove_constants(:Hello)
   end
@@ -781,7 +781,7 @@ class DependenciesTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     end
 
     assert_equal ["OuterAfter", "OuterBefore"], outer.sort.map(&:to_s)
-    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k,v| v.empty? }
+    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k, v| v.empty? }
   ensure
     remove_constants(:OuterBefore, :Inner, :OuterAfter)
   end
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ class DependenciesTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       M.const_set :OuterAfter, 30
     end
     assert_equal ["M::OuterAfter", "M::OuterBefore"], outer.sort
-    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k,v| v.empty? }
+    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k, v| v.empty? }
   ensure
     remove_constants(:M)
   end
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ class DependenciesTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       M.const_set :OuterAfter, 30
     end
     assert_equal ["M::OuterAfter", "M::OuterBefore"], outer.sort
-    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k,v| v.empty? }
+    assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constant_watch_stack.all? { |k, v| v.empty? }
   ensure
     remove_constants(:M)
   end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/deprecation_test.rb b/activesupport/test/deprecation_test.rb
index e2a3331cfa..5be93f3a1a 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/deprecation_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/deprecation_test.rb
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class Deprecatee
   def not() 2 end
   def none() 1 end
   def one(a) a end
-  def multi(a,b,c) [a,b,c] end
+  def multi(a, b, c) [a, b, c] end
   deprecate :none, :one, :multi
 
   def a; end
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class DeprecationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     end
 
     assert_deprecated(/multi is deprecated/) do
-      assert_equal [1,2,3], @dtc.multi(1,2,3)
+      assert_equal [1, 2, 3], @dtc.multi(1, 2, 3)
     end
   end
 
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ class DeprecationTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_deprecated_constant_with_deprecator_given
     deprecator = deprecator_with_messages
     klass = Class.new
-    klass.const_set(:OLD, ActiveSupport::Deprecation::DeprecatedConstantProxy.new("klass::OLD", "Object", deprecator) )
+    klass.const_set(:OLD, ActiveSupport::Deprecation::DeprecatedConstantProxy.new("klass::OLD", "Object", deprecator))
     assert_difference("deprecator.messages.size") do
       klass::OLD.to_s
     end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/gzip_test.rb b/activesupport/test/gzip_test.rb
index d88408b55c..f51d3cdf65 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/gzip_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/gzip_test.rb
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class GzipTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_compress_should_return_gzipped_string_by_compression_level
-    source_string = "Hello World"*100
+    source_string = "Hello World" * 100
 
     gzipped_by_speed = ActiveSupport::Gzip.compress(source_string, Zlib::BEST_SPEED)
     assert_equal 1, Zlib::GzipReader.new(StringIO.new(gzipped_by_speed)).level
diff --git a/activesupport/test/inflector_test_cases.rb b/activesupport/test/inflector_test_cases.rb
index a8283301b3..b660987d92 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/inflector_test_cases.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/inflector_test_cases.rb
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ module InflectorTestCases
     "Ops\331"                             => "opsu",
     "Ærøskøbing"                          => "aeroskobing",
     "Aßlar"                               => "asslar",
-    "Japanese: 日本語"                    => "japanese"
+    "Japanese: 日本語" => "japanese"
   }
 
   UnderscoreToHuman = {
diff --git a/activesupport/test/json/decoding_test.rb b/activesupport/test/json/decoding_test.rb
index dd8382754b..6d1d8f1b95 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/json/decoding_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/json/decoding_test.rb
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class TestJSONDecoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   TESTS = {
     %q({"returnTo":{"\/categories":"\/"}})        => { "returnTo" => { "/categories" => "/" } },
     %q({"return\\"To\\":":{"\/categories":"\/"}}) => { "return\"To\":" => { "/categories" => "/" } },
-    %q({"returnTo":{"\/categories":1}})          => { "returnTo" => { "/categories" => 1 } },
+    %q({"returnTo":{"\/categories":1}}) => { "returnTo" => { "/categories" => 1 } },
     %({"returnTo":[1,"a"]})                    => { "returnTo" => [1, "a"] },
     %({"returnTo":[1,"\\"a\\",", "b"]})        => { "returnTo" => [1, "\"a\",", "b"] },
     %({"a": "'", "b": "5,000"})                  => { "a" => "'", "b" => "5,000" },
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ class TestJSONDecoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     %({"a": "2007-01-01 : it's your birthday"})  => { "a" => "2007-01-01 : it's your birthday" },
     %([])    => [],
     %({})    => {},
-    %({"a":1})     => { "a" => 1 },
-    %({"a": ""})    => { "a" => "" },
+    %({"a":1}) => { "a" => 1 },
+    %({"a": ""}) => { "a" => "" },
     %({"a":"\\""}) => { "a" => "\"" },
     %({"a": null})  => { "a" => nil },
     %({"a": true})  => { "a" => true },
@@ -51,19 +51,19 @@ class TestJSONDecoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     %q({"a": "\u003cunicode\u0020escape\u003e"}) => { "a" => "<unicode escape>" },
     '{"a": "\\\\u0020skip double backslashes"}' => { "a" => "\\u0020skip double backslashes" },
     %q({"a": "\u003cbr /\u003e"}) => { "a" => "<br />" },
-    %q({"b":["\u003ci\u003e","\u003cb\u003e","\u003cu\u003e"]}) => { "b" => ["<i>","<b>","<u>"] },
+    %q({"b":["\u003ci\u003e","\u003cb\u003e","\u003cu\u003e"]}) => { "b" => ["<i>", "<b>", "<u>"] },
     # test combination of dates and escaped or unicode encoded data in arrays
     %q([{"d":"1970-01-01", "s":"\u0020escape"},{"d":"1970-01-01", "s":"\u0020escape"}]) =>
-      [{ "d" => Date.new(1970, 1, 1), "s" => " escape" },{ "d" => Date.new(1970, 1, 1), "s" => " escape" }],
+      [{ "d" => Date.new(1970, 1, 1), "s" => " escape" }, { "d" => Date.new(1970, 1, 1), "s" => " escape" }],
     %q([{"d":"1970-01-01","s":"http:\/\/example.com"},{"d":"1970-01-01","s":"http:\/\/example.com"}]) =>
       [{ "d" => Date.new(1970, 1, 1), "s" => "http://example.com" },
        { "d" => Date.new(1970, 1, 1), "s" => "http://example.com" }],
     # tests escaping of "\n" char with Yaml backend
-    %q({"a":"\n"})  => { "a"=>"\n" },
-    %q({"a":"\u000a"}) => { "a"=>"\n" },
-    %q({"a":"Line1\u000aLine2"}) => { "a"=>"Line1\nLine2" },
+    %q({"a":"\n"}) => { "a" => "\n" },
+    %q({"a":"\u000a"}) => { "a" => "\n" },
+    %q({"a":"Line1\u000aLine2"}) => { "a" => "Line1\nLine2" },
     # prevent json unmarshalling
-    '{"json_class":"TestJSONDecoding::Foo"}' => { "json_class"=>"TestJSONDecoding::Foo" },
+    '{"json_class":"TestJSONDecoding::Foo"}' => { "json_class" => "TestJSONDecoding::Foo" },
     # json "fragments" - these are invalid JSON, but ActionPack relies on this
     '"a string"' => "a string",
     "1.1" => 1.1,
diff --git a/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test.rb b/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test.rb
index d125cc939f..fc3af02cbc 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test.rb
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_hash_encoding
     assert_equal %({\"a\":\"b\"}), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(a: :b)
     assert_equal %({\"a\":1}), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode("a" => 1)
-    assert_equal %({\"a\":[1,2]}), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode("a" => [1,2])
+    assert_equal %({\"a\":[1,2]}), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode("a" => [1, 2])
     assert_equal %({"1":2}), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(1 => 2)
 
     assert_equal %({\"a\":\"b\",\"c\":\"d\"}), sorted_json(ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(a: :b, c: :d))
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_time_to_json_includes_local_offset
     with_standard_json_time_format(true) do
       with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
-        assert_equal %("2005-02-01T15:15:10.000-05:00"), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(Time.local(2005,2,1,15,15,10))
+        assert_equal %("2005-02-01T15:15:10.000-05:00"), ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(Time.local(2005, 2, 1, 15, 15, 10))
       end
     end
   end
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     h = JSONTest::Hashlike.new
     json = h.to_json only: [:foo]
 
-    assert_equal({ "foo"=>"hello" }, JSON.parse(json))
+    assert_equal({ "foo" => "hello" }, JSON.parse(json))
   end
 
   def test_object_to_json_with_options
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     obj.instance_variable_set :@bar, "world"
     json = obj.to_json only: ["foo"]
 
-    assert_equal({ "foo"=>"hello" }, JSON.parse(json))
+    assert_equal({ "foo" => "hello" }, JSON.parse(json))
   end
 
   def test_struct_to_json_with_options
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     struct.bar = "world"
     json = struct.to_json only: [:foo]
 
-    assert_equal({ "foo"=>"hello" }, JSON.parse(json))
+    assert_equal({ "foo" => "hello" }, JSON.parse(json))
   end
 
   def test_hash_should_pass_encoding_options_to_children_in_as_json
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   class CustomWithOptions
     attr_accessor :foo, :bar
 
-    def as_json(options={})
+    def as_json(options = {})
       options[:only] = %w(foo bar)
       super(options)
     end
@@ -268,8 +268,8 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     f.bar = "world"
 
     hash = { "foo" => f, "other_hash" => { "foo" => "other_foo", "test" => "other_test" } }
-    assert_equal({ "foo"=>{ "foo"=>"hello","bar"=>"world" },
-                  "other_hash" => { "foo"=>"other_foo","test"=>"other_test" } }, ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(hash.to_json))
+    assert_equal({ "foo" => { "foo" => "hello", "bar" => "world" },
+                  "other_hash" => { "foo" => "other_foo", "test" => "other_test" } }, ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(hash.to_json))
   end
 
   def test_array_to_json_should_not_keep_options_around
@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     f.bar = "world"
 
     array = [f, { "foo" => "other_foo", "test" => "other_test" }]
-    assert_equal([{ "foo"=>"hello","bar"=>"world" },
-                  { "foo"=>"other_foo","test"=>"other_test" }], ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(array.to_json))
+    assert_equal([{ "foo" => "hello", "bar" => "world" },
+                  { "foo" => "other_foo", "test" => "other_test" }], ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(array.to_json))
   end
 
   class OptionsTest
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ class TestJSONEncoding < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       super
     end
 
-    def as_json(options={})
+    def as_json(options = {})
       @as_json_called = true
       super
     end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test_cases.rb b/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test_cases.rb
index ff2ed3a788..8eac246937 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test_cases.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/json/encoding_test_cases.rb
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ module JSONTest
     NilTests      = [[ nil,   %(null)  ]]
     NumericTests  = [[ 1,     %(1)     ],
                      [ 2.5,   %(2.5)   ],
-                     [ 0.0/0.0,   %(null) ],
-                     [ 1.0/0.0,   %(null) ],
-                     [ -1.0/0.0,  %(null) ],
-                     [ BigDecimal("0.0")/BigDecimal("0.0"),  %(null) ],
+                     [ 0.0 / 0.0,   %(null) ],
+                     [ 1.0 / 0.0,   %(null) ],
+                     [ -1.0 / 0.0,  %(null) ],
+                     [ BigDecimal("0.0") / BigDecimal("0.0"),  %(null) ],
                      [ BigDecimal("2.5"), %("#{BigDecimal('2.5')}") ]]
 
     StringTests   = [[ "this is the <string>",     %("this is the \\u003cstring\\u003e")],
@@ -80,13 +80,13 @@ module JSONTest
 
     PathnameTests = [[ Pathname.new("lib/index.rb"), %("lib/index.rb") ]]
 
-    DateTests     = [[ Date.new(2005,2,1), %("2005/02/01") ]]
-    TimeTests     = [[ Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10), %("2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000") ]]
-    DateTimeTests = [[ DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10), %("2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000") ]]
+    DateTests     = [[ Date.new(2005, 2, 1), %("2005/02/01") ]]
+    TimeTests     = [[ Time.utc(2005, 2, 1, 15, 15, 10), %("2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000") ]]
+    DateTimeTests = [[ DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 1, 15, 15, 10), %("2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000") ]]
 
-    StandardDateTests     = [[ Date.new(2005,2,1), %("2005-02-01") ]]
-    StandardTimeTests     = [[ Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10), %("2005-02-01T15:15:10.000Z") ]]
-    StandardDateTimeTests = [[ DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10), %("2005-02-01T15:15:10.000+00:00") ]]
+    StandardDateTests     = [[ Date.new(2005, 2, 1), %("2005-02-01") ]]
+    StandardTimeTests     = [[ Time.utc(2005, 2, 1, 15, 15, 10), %("2005-02-01T15:15:10.000Z") ]]
+    StandardDateTimeTests = [[ DateTime.civil(2005, 2, 1, 15, 15, 10), %("2005-02-01T15:15:10.000+00:00") ]]
     StandardStringTests   = [[ "this is the <string>", %("this is the <string>")]]
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/message_encryptor_test.rb b/activesupport/test/message_encryptor_test.rb
index f8282c89ca..56a436f751 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/message_encryptor_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/message_encryptor_test.rb
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class MessageEncryptorTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_message_obeys_strict_encoding
     bad_encoding_characters = "\n!@#"
-    message, iv = @encryptor.encrypt_and_sign("This is a very \n\nhumble string"+bad_encoding_characters)
+    message, iv = @encryptor.encrypt_and_sign("This is a very \n\nhumble string" + bad_encoding_characters)
 
     assert_not_decrypted("#{::Base64.encode64 message.to_s}--#{::Base64.encode64 iv.to_s}")
     assert_not_verified("#{::Base64.encode64 message.to_s}--#{::Base64.encode64 iv.to_s}")
diff --git a/activesupport/test/multibyte_chars_test.rb b/activesupport/test/multibyte_chars_test.rb
index 5ff1543328..2ee4a1ce68 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/multibyte_chars_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/multibyte_chars_test.rb
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ class MultibyteCharsUTF8BehaviourTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_slice_bang_removes_the_slice_from_the_receiver
     chars = "úüù".mb_chars
-    chars.slice!(0,2)
+    chars.slice!(0, 2)
     assert_equal "ù", chars
   end
 
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ class MultibyteCharsExtrasTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     { "аБвг аБвг" => "Абвг абвг",
       "аБвг АБВГ" => "Абвг абвг",
       "АБВГ АБВГ" => "Абвг абвг",
-      "" => "" }.each do |f,t|
+      "" => "" }.each do |f, t|
       assert_equal t, chars(f).capitalize
     end
   end
@@ -600,10 +600,10 @@ class MultibyteCharsExtrasTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     ].pack("U*")
 
     assert_equal_codepoints "", chars("").normalize
-    assert_equal_codepoints [44,105,106,328,323].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:kc).to_s
-    assert_equal_codepoints [44,307,328,323].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:c).to_s
-    assert_equal_codepoints [44,307,110,780,78,769].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:d).to_s
-    assert_equal_codepoints [44,105,106,110,780,78,769].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:kd).to_s
+    assert_equal_codepoints [44, 105, 106, 328, 323].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:kc).to_s
+    assert_equal_codepoints [44, 307, 328, 323].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:c).to_s
+    assert_equal_codepoints [44, 307, 110, 780, 78, 769].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:d).to_s
+    assert_equal_codepoints [44, 105, 106, 110, 780, 78, 769].pack("U*"), chars(comp_str).normalize(:kd).to_s
   end
 
   def test_should_compute_grapheme_length
diff --git a/activesupport/test/multibyte_test_helpers.rb b/activesupport/test/multibyte_test_helpers.rb
index 22c586c50d..2201860d8a 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/multibyte_test_helpers.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/multibyte_test_helpers.rb
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ module MultibyteTestHelpers
     str.to_s.unpack("U*").map { |cp| cp.to_s(16) }.join(" ")
   end
 
-  def assert_equal_codepoints(expected, actual, message=nil)
+  def assert_equal_codepoints(expected, actual, message = nil)
     assert_equal(inspect_codepoints(expected), inspect_codepoints(actual), message)
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/notifications/evented_notification_test.rb b/activesupport/test/notifications/evented_notification_test.rb
index 688971c858..24c5befec3 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/notifications/evented_notification_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/notifications/evented_notification_test.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         attr_reader :events
 
         def initialize
-          @events   = []
+          @events = []
         end
 
         def start(name, id, payload)
diff --git a/activesupport/test/notifications/instrumenter_test.rb b/activesupport/test/notifications/instrumenter_test.rb
index e454e6897b..7eacc5cbe7 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/notifications/instrumenter_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/notifications/instrumenter_test.rb
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ module ActiveSupport
         super
         @notifier     = TestNotifier.new
         @instrumenter = Instrumenter.new @notifier
-        @payload      =  { foo: Object.new }
+        @payload = { foo: Object.new }
       end
 
       def test_instrument
-        called  = false
+        called = false
         instrumenter.instrument("foo", payload) {
           called = true
         }
diff --git a/activesupport/test/number_helper_test.rb b/activesupport/test/number_helper_test.rb
index 1a59210018..8f6eb91e71 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/number_helper_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/number_helper_test.rb
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
           assert_equal("111.23460000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(1112346, 10000), precision: 20))
           assert_equal("111.23460000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded("111.2346", precision: 20))
           assert_equal("111.23460000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(BigDecimal(111.2346, Float::DIG), precision: 20))
-          assert_equal("111.2346" + "0"*96, number_helper.number_to_rounded("111.2346", precision: 100))
+          assert_equal("111.2346" + "0" * 96, number_helper.number_to_rounded("111.2346", precision: 100))
           assert_equal("111.2346", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(1112346, 10000), precision: 4))
           assert_equal("0.00", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(0, 1), precision: 2))
         end
@@ -166,42 +166,42 @@ module ActiveSupport
       def test_to_rounded_with_significant_digits
         [@instance_with_helpers, TestClassWithClassNumberHelpers, ActiveSupport::NumberHelper].each do |number_helper|
           assert_equal "124000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(123987, precision: 3, significant: true)
-          assert_equal "120000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(123987876, precision: 2, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "40000", number_helper.number_to_rounded("43523", precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775, precision: 4, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "5.4", number_helper.number_to_rounded(5.3923, precision: 2, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "5", number_helper.number_to_rounded(5.3923, precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "1", number_helper.number_to_rounded(1.232, precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "7", number_helper.number_to_rounded(7, precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "1", number_helper.number_to_rounded(1, precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "53", number_helper.number_to_rounded(52.7923, precision: 2, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775.00", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775, precision: 6, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "5.392900", number_helper.number_to_rounded(5.3929, precision: 7, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "0.0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0, precision: 2, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0, precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "0.0001", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0.0001, precision: 1, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "0.000100", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0.0001, precision: 3, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "0.0001", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0.0001111, precision: 1, significant: true )
+          assert_equal "120000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(123987876, precision: 2, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "40000", number_helper.number_to_rounded("43523", precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775, precision: 4, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "5.4", number_helper.number_to_rounded(5.3923, precision: 2, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "5", number_helper.number_to_rounded(5.3923, precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "1", number_helper.number_to_rounded(1.232, precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "7", number_helper.number_to_rounded(7, precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "1", number_helper.number_to_rounded(1, precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "53", number_helper.number_to_rounded(52.7923, precision: 2, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775.00", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775, precision: 6, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "5.392900", number_helper.number_to_rounded(5.3929, precision: 7, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "0.0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0, precision: 2, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0, precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "0.0001", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0.0001, precision: 1, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "0.000100", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0.0001, precision: 3, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "0.0001", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0.0001111, precision: 1, significant: true)
           assert_equal "10.0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9.995, precision: 3, significant: true)
           assert_equal "9.99", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9.994, precision: 3, significant: true)
           assert_equal "11.0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(10.995, precision: 3, significant: true)
 
-          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775, precision: 20, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775.0, precision: 20, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(9775, 1), precision: 20, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "97.750000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(9775, 100), precision: 20, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(BigDecimal(9775), precision: 20, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded("9775", precision: 20, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "9775." + "0"*96, number_helper.number_to_rounded("9775", precision: 100, significant: true )
+          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775, precision: 20, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775.0, precision: 20, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(9775, 1), precision: 20, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "97.750000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(9775, 100), precision: 20, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded(BigDecimal(9775), precision: 20, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775.0000000000000000", number_helper.number_to_rounded("9775", precision: 20, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "9775." + "0" * 96, number_helper.number_to_rounded("9775", precision: 100, significant: true)
           assert_equal("97.7", number_helper.number_to_rounded(Rational(9772, 100), precision: 3, significant: true))
         end
       end
 
       def test_to_rounded_with_strip_insignificant_zeros
         [@instance_with_helpers, TestClassWithClassNumberHelpers, ActiveSupport::NumberHelper].each do |number_helper|
-          assert_equal "9775.43", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775.43, precision: 4, strip_insignificant_zeros: true )
-          assert_equal "9775.2", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775.2, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true )
-          assert_equal "0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true )
+          assert_equal "9775.43", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775.43, precision: 4, strip_insignificant_zeros: true)
+          assert_equal "9775.2", number_helper.number_to_rounded(9775.2, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true)
+          assert_equal "0", number_helper.number_to_rounded(0, precision: 6, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true)
         end
       end
 
@@ -210,8 +210,8 @@ module ActiveSupport
           # Zero precision with significant is a mistake (would always return zero),
           # so we treat it as if significant was false (increases backwards compatibility for number_to_human_size)
           assert_equal "124", number_helper.number_to_rounded(123.987, precision: 0, significant: true)
-          assert_equal "12", number_helper.number_to_rounded(12, precision: 0, significant: true )
-          assert_equal "12", number_helper.number_to_rounded("12.3", precision: 0, significant: true )
+          assert_equal "12", number_helper.number_to_rounded(12, precision: 0, significant: true)
+          assert_equal "12", number_helper.number_to_rounded("12.3", precision: 0, significant: true)
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/ordered_hash_test.rb b/activesupport/test/ordered_hash_test.rb
index 86da9f193a..2cefab3832 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/ordered_hash_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/ordered_hash_test.rb
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ class OrderedHashTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_merge
-    other_hash =  ActiveSupport::OrderedHash.new
+    other_hash = ActiveSupport::OrderedHash.new
     other_hash["purple"] = "800080"
     other_hash["violet"] = "ee82ee"
     merged = @ordered_hash.merge other_hash
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ class OrderedHashTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_alternate_initialization_with_splat
-    alternate = ActiveSupport::OrderedHash[1,2,3,4]
+    alternate = ActiveSupport::OrderedHash[1, 2, 3, 4]
     assert_kind_of ActiveSupport::OrderedHash, alternate
     assert_equal [1, 3], alternate.keys
   end
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ class OrderedHashTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_alternate_initialization_raises_exception_on_odd_length_args
     assert_raises ArgumentError do
-      ActiveSupport::OrderedHash[1,2,3,4,5]
+      ActiveSupport::OrderedHash[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/safe_buffer_test.rb b/activesupport/test/safe_buffer_test.rb
index 4d083ab773..e046b8d773 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/safe_buffer_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/safe_buffer_test.rb
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ class SafeBufferTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   test "Should be safe when sliced if original value was safe" do
-    new_buffer = @buffer[0,0]
+    new_buffer = @buffer[0, 0]
     assert_not_nil new_buffer
     assert new_buffer.html_safe?, "should be safe"
   end
diff --git a/activesupport/test/time_zone_test.rb b/activesupport/test/time_zone_test.rb
index bd29584478..914893ea10 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/time_zone_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/time_zone_test.rb
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"].dup
       def zone.time_now; Time.local(2000); end
       assert_instance_of ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone, zone.now
-      assert_equal Time.utc(2000,1,1,5), zone.now.utc
+      assert_equal Time.utc(2000, 1, 1, 5), zone.now.utc
       assert_equal Time.utc(2000), zone.now.time
       assert_equal zone, zone.now.time_zone
     end
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     with_env_tz "US/Eastern" do
       zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"].dup
       def zone.time_now
-        Time.local(2006,4,2,2) # 2AM springs forward to 3AM
+        Time.local(2006, 4, 2, 2) # 2AM springs forward to 3AM
       end
 
-      assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,3), zone.now.time
+      assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 3), zone.now.time
       assert_equal true, zone.now.dst?
     end
   end
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
       def zone.time_now
         Time.at(1162098000) # equivalent to 1AM DST
       end
-      assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,1), zone.now.time
+      assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1), zone.now.time
       assert_equal true, zone.now.dst?
     end
   end
@@ -162,25 +162,25 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_local_with_old_date
     time = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"].local(1850, 2, 5, 15, 30, 45)
-    assert_equal [45,30,15,5,2,1850], time.to_a[0,6]
+    assert_equal [45, 30, 15, 5, 2, 1850], time.to_a[0, 6]
     assert_equal ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Hawaii"], time.time_zone
   end
 
   def test_local_enforces_spring_dst_rules
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
-    twz = zone.local(2006,4,2,1,59,59) # 1 second before DST start
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,1,59,59), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,6,59,59), twz.utc
+    twz = zone.local(2006, 4, 2, 1, 59, 59) # 1 second before DST start
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 1, 59, 59), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 6, 59, 59), twz.utc
     assert_equal false, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EST", twz.zone
-    twz2 = zone.local(2006,4,2,2) # 2AM does not exist because at 2AM, time springs forward to 3AM
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,3), twz2.time # twz is created for 3AM
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,7), twz2.utc
+    twz2 = zone.local(2006, 4, 2, 2) # 2AM does not exist because at 2AM, time springs forward to 3AM
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 3), twz2.time # twz is created for 3AM
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 7), twz2.utc
     assert_equal true, twz2.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz2.zone
-    twz3 = zone.local(2006,4,2,2,30) # 2:30AM does not exist because at 2AM, time springs forward to 3AM
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,3,30), twz3.time # twz is created for 3:30AM
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,4,2,7,30), twz3.utc
+    twz3 = zone.local(2006, 4, 2, 2, 30) # 2:30AM does not exist because at 2AM, time springs forward to 3AM
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 3, 30), twz3.time # twz is created for 3:30AM
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 4, 2, 7, 30), twz3.utc
     assert_equal true, twz3.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz3.zone
   end
@@ -189,9 +189,9 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     # 1AM during fall DST transition is ambiguous, it could be either DST or non-DST 1AM
     # Mirroring Time.local behavior, this method selects the DST time
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
-    twz = zone.local(2006,10,29,1)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,1), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(2006,10,29,5), twz.utc
+    twz = zone.local(2006, 10, 29, 1)
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 1), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(2006, 10, 29, 5), twz.utc
     assert_equal true, twz.dst?
     assert_equal "EDT", twz.zone
   end
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     secs = 946684800.0
     twz = zone.at(secs)
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,19), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 19), twz.time
     assert_equal Time.utc(2000), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
     assert_equal secs, twz.to_f
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_parse
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.parse("1999-12-31 19:00:00")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,19), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 19), twz.time
     assert_equal Time.utc(2000), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
@@ -234,14 +234,14 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_parse_with_old_date
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.parse("1883-12-31 19:00:00")
-    assert_equal [0,0,19,31,12,1883], twz.to_a[0,6]
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 19, 31, 12, 1883], twz.to_a[0, 6]
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
   def test_parse_far_future_date_with_time_zone_offset_in_string
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.parse("2050-12-31 19:00:00 -10:00") # i.e., 2050-01-01 05:00:00 UTC
-    assert_equal [0,0,0,1,1,2051], twz.to_a[0,6]
+    assert_equal [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2051], twz.to_a[0, 6]
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
@@ -253,9 +253,9 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_parse_with_incomplete_date
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
-    zone.stub(:now, zone.local(1999,12,31)) do
+    zone.stub(:now, zone.local(1999, 12, 31)) do
       twz = zone.parse("19:00:00")
-      assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,19), twz.time
+      assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 19), twz.time
     end
   end
 
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     with_env_tz("EET") do
       zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Pacific Time (US & Canada)"]
       twz = zone.parse("2012-03-25 03:29:00")
-      assert_equal [0, 29, 3, 25, 3, 2012], twz.to_a[0,6]
+      assert_equal [0, 29, 3, 25, 3, 2012], twz.to_a[0, 6]
     end
   end
 
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     with_env_tz("EET") do
       zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Pacific Time (US & Canada)"]
       twz = zone.parse("2012-03-11 02:29:00")
-      assert_equal [0, 29, 3, 11, 3, 2012], twz.to_a[0,6]
+      assert_equal [0, 29, 3, 11, 3, 2012], twz.to_a[0, 6]
     end
   end
 
@@ -317,9 +317,9 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_strptime
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,17), twz
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,12), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,17), twz.utc
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 17), twz
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 12), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 17), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
@@ -327,9 +327,9 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     with_tz_default ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Pacific Time (US & Canada)"] do
       zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
       twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
-      assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,17), twz
-      assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,12), twz.time
-      assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,17), twz.utc
+      assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 17), twz
+      assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 12), twz.time
+      assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 17), twz.utc
       assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
     end
   end
@@ -337,45 +337,45 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   def test_strptime_with_explicit_time_zone_as_abbrev
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00 PST", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,15), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz.utc
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 15), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
   def test_strptime_with_explicit_time_zone_as_h_offset
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00 -08", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %:::z")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,15), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz.utc
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 15), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
   def test_strptime_with_explicit_time_zone_as_hm_offset
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00 -08:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %:z")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,15), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz.utc
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 15), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
   def test_strptime_with_explicit_time_zone_as_hms_offset
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00 -08:00:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %::z")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,15), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,20), twz.utc
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 15), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 20), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
   def test_strptime_with_almost_explicit_time_zone
     zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone["Eastern Time (US & Canada)"]
     twz = zone.strptime("1999-12-31 12:00:00 %Z", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %%Z")
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,17), twz
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,12), twz.time
-    assert_equal Time.utc(1999,12,31,17), twz.utc
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 17), twz
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 12), twz.time
+    assert_equal Time.utc(1999, 12, 31, 17), twz.utc
     assert_equal zone, twz.time_zone
   end
 
@@ -496,8 +496,8 @@ class TimeZoneTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   def test_all_sorted
     all = ActiveSupport::TimeZone.all
-    1.upto( all.length-1 ) do |i|
-      assert all[i-1] < all[i]
+    1.upto(all.length - 1) do |i|
+      assert all[i - 1] < all[i]
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/activesupport/test/xml_mini_test.rb b/activesupport/test/xml_mini_test.rb
index b15ccfb764..b8caa1d74c 100644
--- a/activesupport/test/xml_mini_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/test/xml_mini_test.rb
@@ -93,57 +93,57 @@ module XmlMiniTest
 
     test "#to_tag should use the type value in the options hash" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, "blue", @options.merge(type: "color"))
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"color\">blue</b>" )
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"color\">blue</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts symbol types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, :name, @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"symbol\">name</b>" )
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"symbol\">name</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts boolean types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, true, @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"boolean\">true</b>")
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"boolean\">true</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts float types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, 3.14, @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"float\">3.14</b>")
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"float\">3.14</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts decimal types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, ::BigDecimal.new("1.2"), @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"decimal\">1.2</b>")
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"decimal\">1.2</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts date types" do
-      @xml.to_tag(:b, Date.new(2001,2,3), @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"date\">2001-02-03</b>")
+      @xml.to_tag(:b, Date.new(2001, 2, 3), @options)
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"date\">2001-02-03</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts datetime types" do
-      @xml.to_tag(:b, DateTime.new(2001,2,3,4,5,6,"+7"), @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"dateTime\">2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00</b>")
+      @xml.to_tag(:b, DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, "+7"), @options)
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"dateTime\">2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts time types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, Time.new(1993, 02, 24, 12, 0, 0, "+09:00"), @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"dateTime\">1993-02-24T12:00:00+09:00</b>")
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"dateTime\">1993-02-24T12:00:00+09:00</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts array types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, ["first_name", "last_name"], @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b type=\"array\"><b>first_name</b><b>last_name</b></b>" )
+      assert_xml("<b type=\"array\"><b>first_name</b><b>last_name</b></b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag accepts hash types" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, { first_name: "Bob", last_name: "Marley" }, @options)
-      assert_xml( "<b><first-name>Bob</first-name><last-name>Marley</last-name></b>" )
+      assert_xml("<b><first-name>Bob</first-name><last-name>Marley</last-name></b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag should not add type when skip types option is set" do
       @xml.to_tag(:b, "Bob", @options.merge(skip_types: 1))
-      assert_xml( "<b>Bob</b>" )
+      assert_xml("<b>Bob</b>")
     end
 
     test "#to_tag should dasherize the space when passed a string with spaces as a key" do
@@ -237,22 +237,22 @@ module XmlMiniTest
       assert_equal :symbol, parser.call("symbol")
       assert_equal :symbol, parser.call(:symbol)
       assert_equal :'123', parser.call(123)
-      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013,11,12,02,11)) }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11)) }
     end
 
     def test_date
       parser = @parsing["date"]
-      assert_equal Date.new(2013,11,12), parser.call("2013-11-12T0211Z")
+      assert_equal Date.new(2013, 11, 12), parser.call("2013-11-12T0211Z")
       assert_raises(TypeError) { parser.call(1384190018) }
       assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call("not really a date") }
     end
 
     def test_datetime
       parser = @parsing["datetime"]
-      assert_equal Time.new(2013,11,12,02,11,00,0), parser.call("2013-11-12T02:11:00Z")
-      assert_equal DateTime.new(2013,11,12), parser.call("2013-11-12T0211Z")
-      assert_equal DateTime.new(2013,11,12,02,11), parser.call("2013-11-12T02:11Z")
-      assert_equal DateTime.new(2013,11,12,02,11), parser.call("2013-11-12T11:11+9")
+      assert_equal Time.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11, 00, 0), parser.call("2013-11-12T02:11:00Z")
+      assert_equal DateTime.new(2013, 11, 12), parser.call("2013-11-12T0211Z")
+      assert_equal DateTime.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11), parser.call("2013-11-12T02:11Z")
+      assert_equal DateTime.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11), parser.call("2013-11-12T11:11+9")
       assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call("1384190018") }
     end
 
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ module XmlMiniTest
       assert_equal 123, parser.call(123.003)
       assert_equal 123, parser.call("123")
       assert_equal 0, parser.call("")
-      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013,11,12,02,11)) }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11)) }
     end
 
     def test_float
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ module XmlMiniTest
       assert_equal 0.0, parser.call("")
       assert_equal 123, parser.call(123)
       assert_equal 123.05, parser.call(123.05)
-      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013,11,12,02,11)) }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11)) }
     end
 
     def test_decimal
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ module XmlMiniTest
       assert_equal 0.0, parser.call("")
       assert_equal 123, parser.call(123)
       assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(123.04) }
-      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013,11,12,02,11)) }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11)) }
     end
 
     def test_boolean
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ module XmlMiniTest
       assert_equal "[]", parser.call("[]")
       assert_equal "[]", parser.call([])
       assert_equal "{}", parser.call({})
-      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013,11,12,02,11)) }
+      assert_raises(ArgumentError) { parser.call(Date.new(2013, 11, 12, 02, 11)) }
     end
 
     def test_yaml
@@ -316,14 +316,14 @@ product:
     description : Basketball
 YAML
       expected = {
-        "product"=> [
-          { "sku"=>"BL394D", "quantity"=>4, "description"=>"Basketball" }
+        "product" => [
+          { "sku" => "BL394D", "quantity" => 4, "description" => "Basketball" }
         ]
       }
       parser = @parsing["yaml"]
       assert_equal(expected, parser.call(yaml))
       assert_equal({ 1 => "test" }, parser.call(1 => "test"))
-      assert_equal({ "1 => 'test'"=>nil }, parser.call("{1 => 'test'}"))
+      assert_equal({ "1 => 'test'" => nil }, parser.call("{1 => 'test'}"))
     end
 
     def test_base64Binary_and_binary
@@ -342,11 +342,11 @@ vehemence of any carnal pleasure.
 EXPECTED
 
       parser = @parsing["base64Binary"]
-      assert_equal expected_base64.gsub(/\n/," ").strip, parser.call(base64)
+      assert_equal expected_base64.gsub(/\n/, " ").strip, parser.call(base64)
       parser.call("NON BASE64 INPUT")
 
       parser = @parsing["binary"]
-      assert_equal expected_base64.gsub(/\n/," ").strip, parser.call(base64, "encoding" => "base64")
+      assert_equal expected_base64.gsub(/\n/, " ").strip, parser.call(base64, "encoding" => "base64")
       assert_equal "IGNORED INPUT", parser.call("IGNORED INPUT", {})
     end
   end