Merge commit 'mainstream/master'

23 files changed, 381 insertions, 227 deletions

diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/integer/even_odd.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/integer/even_odd.rb
index 6d005268a3..8f9a97b44c 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/integer/even_odd.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/integer/even_odd.rb
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ class Integer
   # Is the integer a multiple of 2?
   def even?
     multiple_of? 2
-  end if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+  end unless method_defined?(:even?)
 
   # Is the integer not a multiple of 2?
   def odd?
     !even?
-  end if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+  end unless method_defined?(:odd?)
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/delegation.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/delegation.rb
index fb4b5f0f3c..a44344806d 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/delegation.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/delegation.rb
@@ -110,8 +110,10 @@ class Module
 
     allow_nil = options[:allow_nil] && "#{to} && "
 
+    file, line = caller[0].split(":")
+
     methods.each do |method|
-      module_eval(<<-EOS, "(__DELEGATION__)", 1)
+      module_eval(<<-EOS, file, line.to_i)
         def #{prefix}#{method}(*args, &block)                           # def customer_name(*args, &block)
           #{allow_nil}#{to}.__send__(#{method.inspect}, *args, &block)  #   client && client.__send__(:name, *args, &block)
         end                                                             # end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/conversions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/conversions.rb
index 3f05db62c3..2b9f8c70f6 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/conversions.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/conversions.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ class String
   # 'a'.ord == 'a'[0] for Ruby 1.9 forward compatibility.
   def ord
     self[0]
-  end if RUBY_VERSION < '1.9'
+  end unless method_defined?(:ord)
 
   # Form can be either :utc (default) or :local.
   def to_time(form = :utc)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb
index 18261e139f..94e01597a9 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/conversions.rb
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class Time
   #   your_time.to_date                                 # => Tue, 13 Jan 2009
   def to_date
     ::Date.new(year, month, day)
-  end
+  end unless method_defined?(:to_date)
 
   # A method to keep Time, Date and DateTime instances interchangeable on conversions.
   # In this case, it simply returns +self+.
@@ -80,5 +80,5 @@ class Time
   #   your_time.to_datetime                             # => Tue, 13 Jan 2009 13:13:03 -0500
   def to_datetime
     ::DateTime.civil(year, month, day, hour, min, sec, Rational(utc_offset, 86400))
-  end
+  end unless method_defined?(:to_datetime)
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation/proxy_wrappers.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation/proxy_wrappers.rb
index ec54efe08e..dec56715be 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation/proxy_wrappers.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation/proxy_wrappers.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ require 'active_support/inflector'
 module ActiveSupport
   module Deprecation
     class DeprecationProxy #:nodoc:
-      instance_methods.each { |m| undef_method m unless m =~ /^__/ }
+      instance_methods.each { |m| undef_method m unless m =~ /^__|^object_id$/ }
 
       # Don't give a deprecation warning on inspect since test/unit and error
       # logs rely on it for diagnostics.
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json.rb
index fc433de582..5072992cdf 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,34 @@ module ActiveSupport
     # matches YAML-formatted dates
     DATE_REGEX = /^(?:\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}|\d{4}-\d{1,2}-\d{1,2}[ \t]+\d{1,2}:\d{2}:\d{2}(\.[0-9]*)?(([ \t]*)Z|[-+]\d{2}?(:\d{2})?))$/
 
+    module Encoding #:nodoc:
+      mattr_accessor :escape_regex
+
+      ESCAPED_CHARS = {
+        "\010" =>  '\b',
+        "\f"   =>  '\f',
+        "\n"   =>  '\n',
+        "\r"   =>  '\r',
+        "\t"   =>  '\t',
+        '"'    =>  '\"',
+        '\\'   =>  '\\\\',
+        '>'    =>  '\u003E',
+        '<'    =>  '\u003C',
+        '&'    =>  '\u0026'
+      }
+
+      def self.escape(string)
+        string = string.dup.force_encoding(::Encoding::BINARY) if string.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
+        json = string.gsub(escape_regex) { |s| ESCAPED_CHARS[s] }.
+          gsub(/([\xC0-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]|
+                 [\xE0-\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}|
+                 [\xF0-\xF7][\x80-\xBF]{3})+/nx) { |s|
+            s.unpack("U*").pack("n*").unpack("H*")[0].gsub(/.{4}/, '\\\\u\&')
+          }
+        %("#{json}")
+      end
+    end
+
     class << self
       attr_reader :backend
       delegate :decode, :to => :backend
@@ -34,9 +62,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
   end
 
   class << self
-    def escape_html_entities_in_json
-      @escape_html_entities_in_json
-    end
+    attr_reader :escape_html_entities_in_json
 
     def escape_html_entities_in_json=(value)
       ActiveSupport::JSON::Encoding.escape_regex = \
@@ -48,8 +74,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
       @escape_html_entities_in_json = value
     end
   end
-
-  JSON.backend = 'Yaml'
 end
 
-require 'active_support/json/encoding'
\ No newline at end of file
+ActiveSupport.escape_html_entities_in_json = true
+ActiveSupport::JSON.backend = 'Yaml'
+
+require 'active_support/json/encoding'
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date.rb
index 79c3957362..9adb3c20e2 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date.rb
@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
 class Date
-  # Returns a JSON string representing the date. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to true, the
-  # ISO 8601 format is used.
-  #
-  # ==== Examples
-  #
-  #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
-  #   Date.new(2005,2,1).to_json
-  #   # => "2005-02-01"
-  #
-  #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
-  #   Date.new(2005,2,1).to_json
-  #   # => "2005/02/01"
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil)
-    if ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
-      %("#{strftime("%Y-%m-%d")}")
-    else
-      %("#{strftime("%Y/%m/%d")}")
+  private
+    # Returns a JSON string representing the date. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to true, the
+    # ISO 8601 format is used.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
+    #   Date.new(2005,2,1).to_json
+    #   # => "2005-02-01"
+    #
+    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
+    #   Date.new(2005,2,1).to_json
+    #   # => "2005/02/01"
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      if ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
+        %("#{strftime("%Y-%m-%d")}")
+      else
+        %("#{strftime("%Y/%m/%d")}")
+      end
     end
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date_time.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date_time.rb
index cdfc39b9f3..3a29292b24 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date_time.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/date_time.rb
@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
 class DateTime
-  # Returns a JSON string representing the datetime. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to true, the
-  # ISO 8601 format is used.
-  #
-  # ==== Examples
-  #
-  #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
-  #   DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
-  #   # => "2005-02-01T15:15:10+00:00"
-  #
-  #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
-  #   DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
-  #   # => "2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000"
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil)
-    if ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
-      xmlschema.inspect
-    else
-      strftime('"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S %z"')
+  private
+    # Returns a JSON string representing the datetime. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to true, the
+    # ISO 8601 format is used.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
+    #   DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
+    #   # => "2005-02-01T15:15:10+00:00"
+    #
+    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
+    #   DateTime.civil(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
+    #   # => "2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000"
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      if ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
+        xmlschema.inspect
+      else
+        strftime('"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S %z"')
+      end
     end
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/enumerable.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/enumerable.rb
index e1c3ec249d..898990a59c 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/enumerable.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/enumerable.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 module Enumerable
-  # Returns a JSON string representing the enumerable. Any +options+
-  # given will be passed on to its elements. For example:
-  #
-  #   users = User.find(:all)
-  #   # => users.to_json(:only => :name)
-  #
-  # will pass the <tt>:only => :name</tt> option to each user.
-  def rails_to_json(options = {}) #:nodoc:
-    "[#{map { |value| ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(value, options) } * ','}]"
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    # Returns a JSON string representing the enumerable. Any +options+
+    # given will be passed on to its elements. For example:
+    #
+    #   users = User.find(:all)
+    #   # => users.to_json(:only => :name)
+    #
+    # will pass the <tt>:only => :name</tt> option to each user.
+    def rails_to_json(options = nil, *args) #:nodoc:
+      "[#{map { |value| ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(value, options, *args) } * ','}]"
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/false_class.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/false_class.rb
index a7657cca37..eb975fe542 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/false_class.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/false_class.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 class FalseClass
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
-    'false'
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      'false'
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/hash.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/hash.rb
index 19b97d7b8c..4771484843 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/hash.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/hash.rb
@@ -1,50 +1,51 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/array/wrap'
 
 class Hash
-  # Returns a JSON string representing the hash.
-  #
-  # Without any +options+, the returned JSON string will include all
-  # the hash keys. For example:
-  #
-  #   { :name => "Konata Izumi", 'age' => 16, 1 => 2 }.to_json
-  #   # => {"name": "Konata Izumi", "1": 2, "age": 16}
-  #
-  # The keys in the JSON string are unordered due to the nature of hashes.
-  #
-  # The <tt>:only</tt> and <tt>:except</tt> options can be used to limit the
-  # attributes included, and will accept 1 or more hash keys to include/exclude.
-  #
-  #   { :name => "Konata Izumi", 'age' => 16, 1 => 2 }.to_json(:only => [:name, 'age'])
-  #   # => {"name": "Konata Izumi", "age": 16}
-  #
-  #   { :name => "Konata Izumi", 'age' => 16, 1 => 2 }.to_json(:except => 1)
-  #   # => {"name": "Konata Izumi", "age": 16}
-  #
-  # The +options+ also filter down to any hash values. This is particularly
-  # useful for converting hashes containing ActiveRecord objects or any object
-  # that responds to options in their <tt>to_json</tt> method. For example:
-  #
-  #   users = User.find(:all)
-  #   { :users => users, :count => users.size }.to_json(:include => :posts)
-  #
-  # would pass the <tt>:include => :posts</tt> option to <tt>users</tt>,
-  # allowing the posts association in the User model to be converted to JSON
-  # as well.
-  def rails_to_json(options = {}) #:nodoc:
-    hash_keys = self.keys
+  private
+    # Returns a JSON string representing the hash.
+    #
+    # Without any +options+, the returned JSON string will include all
+    # the hash keys. For example:
+    #
+    #   { :name => "Konata Izumi", 'age' => 16, 1 => 2 }.to_json
+    #   # => {"name": "Konata Izumi", "1": 2, "age": 16}
+    #
+    # The keys in the JSON string are unordered due to the nature of hashes.
+    #
+    # The <tt>:only</tt> and <tt>:except</tt> options can be used to limit the
+    # attributes included, and will accept 1 or more hash keys to include/exclude.
+    #
+    #   { :name => "Konata Izumi", 'age' => 16, 1 => 2 }.to_json(:only => [:name, 'age'])
+    #   # => {"name": "Konata Izumi", "age": 16}
+    #
+    #   { :name => "Konata Izumi", 'age' => 16, 1 => 2 }.to_json(:except => 1)
+    #   # => {"name": "Konata Izumi", "age": 16}
+    #
+    # The +options+ also filter down to any hash values. This is particularly
+    # useful for converting hashes containing ActiveRecord objects or any object
+    # that responds to options in their <tt>to_json</tt> method. For example:
+    #
+    #   users = User.find(:all)
+    #   { :users => users, :count => users.size }.to_json(:include => :posts)
+    #
+    # would pass the <tt>:include => :posts</tt> option to <tt>users</tt>,
+    # allowing the posts association in the User model to be converted to JSON
+    # as well.
+    def rails_to_json(options = nil, *args) #:nodoc:
+      hash_keys = self.keys
 
-    if except = options[:except]
-      hash_keys = hash_keys - Array.wrap(except)
-    elsif only = options[:only]
-      hash_keys = hash_keys & Array.wrap(only)
-    end
-
-    result = '{'
-    result << hash_keys.map do |key|
-      "#{ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(key.to_s)}:#{ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(self[key], options)}"
-    end * ','
-    result << '}'
-  end
+      if options
+        if except = options[:except]
+          hash_keys = hash_keys - Array.wrap(except)
+        elsif only = options[:only]
+          hash_keys = hash_keys & Array.wrap(only)
+        end
+      end
 
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+      result = '{'
+      result << hash_keys.map do |key|
+        "#{ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(key.to_s)}:#{ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(self[key], options, *args)}"
+      end * ','
+      result << '}'
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/nil_class.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/nil_class.rb
index b31e1dd249..8c51dba384 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/nil_class.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/nil_class.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 class NilClass
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
-    'null'
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      'null'
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/numeric.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/numeric.rb
index 491b330c39..c7cd0df1d7 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/numeric.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/numeric.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 class Numeric
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
-    to_s
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      to_s
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/object.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/object.rb
index d68f50562e..9cc12d91ac 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/object.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/object.rb
@@ -2,9 +2,12 @@ require 'active_support/core_ext/object/instance_variables'
 
 class Object
   # Dumps object in JSON (JavaScript Object Notation). See www.json.org for more info.
-  def rails_to_json(options = {})
-    ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(instance_values, options)
+  def to_json(options = nil)
+    ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(self, options)
   end
 
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*args)
+      ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(instance_values, *args)
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/regexp.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/regexp.rb
index 63ccd7c490..ee42db4d02 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/regexp.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/regexp.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 class Regexp
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
-    inspect
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      inspect
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/string.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/string.rb
index 27bef3b9cc..4a6b21c1c0 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/string.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/string.rb
@@ -1,38 +1,6 @@
-module ActiveSupport
-  module JSON
-    module Encoding
-      mattr_accessor :escape_regex
-
-      ESCAPED_CHARS = {
-        "\010" =>  '\b',
-        "\f"   =>  '\f',
-        "\n"   =>  '\n',
-        "\r"   =>  '\r',
-        "\t"   =>  '\t',
-        '"'    =>  '\"',
-        '\\'   =>  '\\\\',
-        '>'    =>  '\u003E',
-        '<'    =>  '\u003C',
-        '&'    =>  '\u0026'
-      }
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-ActiveSupport.escape_html_entities_in_json = true
-
 class String
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
-    json = '"' + gsub(ActiveSupport::JSON::Encoding.escape_regex) { |s|
-      ActiveSupport::JSON::Encoding::ESCAPED_CHARS[s]
-    }
-    json.force_encoding('ascii-8bit') if respond_to?(:force_encoding)
-    json.gsub(/([\xC0-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]|
-             [\xE0-\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}|
-             [\xF0-\xF7][\x80-\xBF]{3})+/nx) { |s|
-      s.unpack("U*").pack("n*").unpack("H*")[0].gsub(/.{4}/, '\\\\u\&')
-    } + '"'
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      ActiveSupport::JSON::Encoding.escape(self)
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/symbol.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/symbol.rb
index 6487bf8cb7..d575350a4e 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/symbol.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/symbol.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 class Symbol
-  def rails_to_json(options = {}) #:nodoc:
-    ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(to_s, options)
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*args)
+      ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(to_s, *args)
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/time.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/time.rb
index 2699672949..d434b9aace 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/time.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/time.rb
@@ -1,25 +1,24 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/time/conversions'
 
 class Time
-  # Returns a JSON string representing the time. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to true, the
-  # ISO 8601 format is used.
-  #
-  # ==== Examples
-  #
-  #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
-  #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
-  #   # => "2005-02-01T15:15:10Z"
-  #
-  #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
-  #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
-  #   # => "2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000"
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil)
-    if ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
-      xmlschema.inspect
-    else
-      %("#{strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")} #{formatted_offset(false)}")
+  private
+    # Returns a JSON string representing the time. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to true, the
+    # ISO 8601 format is used.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
+    #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
+    #   # => "2005-02-01T15:15:10Z"
+    #
+    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
+    #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).to_json
+    #   # => "2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000"
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      if ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
+        xmlschema.inspect
+      else
+        %("#{strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")} #{formatted_offset(false)}")
+      end
     end
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/true_class.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/true_class.rb
index ac7c7d1e87..bc25a6db78 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/true_class.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoders/true_class.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 class TrueClass
-  def rails_to_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
-    'true'
-  end
-
-  alias to_json rails_to_json
+  private
+    def rails_to_json(*)
+      'true'
+    end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoding.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoding.rb
index 42a217cedc..5fefe5b88b 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoding.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/encoding.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
 
     # Converts a Ruby object into a JSON string.
-    def self.encode(value, options = {})
-      seen = (options[:seen] ||= [])
-      raise CircularReferenceError, 'object references itself' if seen.include?(value)
+    def self.encode(value, options = nil, seen = nil)
+      seen ||= []
+      if seen.any? { |object| object.equal?(value) }
+        raise CircularReferenceError, 'object references itself'
+      end
       seen << value
-      value.send(:rails_to_json, options)
+      value.__send__(:rails_to_json, options, seen)
     ensure
       seen.pop
     end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/variable.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/variable.rb
index 3ee152ee3c..daa7449b71 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/variable.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/json/variable.rb
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ module ActiveSupport
   module JSON
     # A string that returns itself as its JSON-encoded form.
     class Variable < String
-      def rails_to_json(options=nil)
-        self
-      end
+      private
+        def rails_to_json(*)
+          self
+        end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/time_with_zone.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/time_with_zone.rb
index 1949ce0ad3..069842c6c3 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/time_with_zone.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/time_with_zone.rb
@@ -118,28 +118,6 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
     alias_method :iso8601, :xmlschema
 
-    # Returns a JSON string representing the TimeWithZone. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to
-    # true, the ISO 8601 format is used.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #
-    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
-    #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).in_time_zone.to_json
-    #   # => "2005-02-01T15:15:10Z"
-    #
-    #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
-    #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).in_time_zone.to_json
-    #   # => "2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000"
-    def rails_to_json(options = nil)
-      if !ActiveSupport.respond_to?(:use_standard_json_time_format) || ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
-        xmlschema.inspect
-      else
-        %("#{time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")} #{formatted_offset(false)}")
-      end
-    end
-
-    alias to_json rails_to_json
-
     def to_yaml(options = {})
       if options.kind_of?(YAML::Emitter)
         utc.to_yaml(options)
@@ -323,6 +301,26 @@ module ActiveSupport
     end
 
     private
+      # Returns a JSON string representing the TimeWithZone. If ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format is set to
+      # true, the ISO 8601 format is used.
+      #
+      # ==== Examples
+      #
+      #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = true
+      #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).in_time_zone.to_json
+      #   # => "2005-02-01T15:15:10Z"
+      #
+      #   # With ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format = false
+      #   Time.utc(2005,2,1,15,15,10).in_time_zone.to_json
+      #   # => "2005/02/01 15:15:10 +0000"
+      def rails_to_json(*)
+        if !ActiveSupport.respond_to?(:use_standard_json_time_format) || ActiveSupport.use_standard_json_time_format
+          xmlschema.inspect
+        else
+          %("#{time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")} #{formatted_offset(false)}")
+        end
+      end
+
       def get_period_and_ensure_valid_local_time
         # we don't want a Time.local instance enforcing its own DST rules as well,
         # so transfer time values to a utc constructor if necessary
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d795d55690
--- /dev/null
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/xml_mini/jdom.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+raise "JRuby is required to use the JDOM backend for XmlMini" unless RUBY_PLATFORM =~ /java/
+
+require 'jruby'
+include Java
+
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder unless defined? DocumentBuilder
+import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory unless defined? DocumentBuilderFactory
+import java.io.StringReader unless defined? StringReader
+import org.xml.sax.InputSource unless defined? InputSource
+import org.xml.sax.Attributes unless defined? Attributes
+import org.w3c.dom.Node unless defined? Node
+
+# = XmlMini JRuby JDOM implementation
+module ActiveSupport
+  module XmlMini_JDOM #:nodoc:
+    extend self
+
+    CONTENT_KEY = '__content__'.freeze
+
+    NODE_TYPE_NAMES = %w{ATTRIBUTE_NODE CDATA_SECTION_NODE COMMENT_NODE DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE
+    DOCUMENT_NODE DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE ELEMENT_NODE ENTITY_NODE ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE NOTATION_NODE
+    PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE TEXT_NODE}
+
+    node_type_map = {}
+    NODE_TYPE_NAMES.each { |type| node_type_map[Node.send(type)] = type }
+
+    # Parse an XML Document string into a simple hash using Java's jdom.
+    # string::
+    #   XML Document string to parse
+    def parse(string)
+      if string.blank?
+        {}
+      else
+        @dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.new_instance
+        xml_string_reader = StringReader.new(string)
+        xml_input_source = InputSource.new(xml_string_reader)
+        doc = @dbf.new_document_builder.parse(xml_input_source)
+        merge_element!({}, doc.document_element)
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Convert an XML element and merge into the hash
+    #
+    # hash::
+    #   Hash to merge the converted element into.
+    # element::
+    #   XML element to merge into hash
+    def merge_element!(hash, element)
+      merge!(hash, element.tag_name, collapse(element))
+    end
+
+    # Actually converts an XML document element into a data structure.
+    #
+    # element::
+    #   The document element to be collapsed.
+    def collapse(element)
+      hash = get_attributes(element)
+
+      child_nodes = element.child_nodes
+      if child_nodes.length > 0
+        for i in 0...child_nodes.length
+          child = child_nodes.item(i)
+          merge_element!(hash, child) unless child.node_type == Node.TEXT_NODE
+        end
+        merge_texts!(hash, element) unless empty_content?(element)
+        hash
+      else
+        merge_texts!(hash, element)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Merge all the texts of an element into the hash
+    #
+    # hash::
+    #   Hash to add the converted emement to.
+    # element::
+    #   XML element whose texts are to me merged into the hash
+    def merge_texts!(hash, element)
+      text_children = texts(element)
+      if text_children.join.empty?
+        hash
+      else
+        # must use value to prevent double-escaping
+        merge!(hash, CONTENT_KEY, text_children.join)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Adds a new key/value pair to an existing Hash. If the key to be added
+    # already exists and the existing value associated with key is not
+    # an Array, it will be wrapped in an Array. Then the new value is
+    # appended to that Array.
+    #
+    # hash::
+    #   Hash to add key/value pair to.
+    # key::
+    #   Key to be added.
+    # value::
+    #   Value to be associated with key.
+    def merge!(hash, key, value)
+      if hash.has_key?(key)
+        if hash[key].instance_of?(Array)
+          hash[key] << value
+        else
+          hash[key] = [hash[key], value]
+        end
+      elsif value.instance_of?(Array)
+        hash[key] = [value]
+      else
+        hash[key] = value
+      end
+      hash
+    end
+
+    # Converts the attributes array of an XML element into a hash.
+    # Returns an empty Hash if node has no attributes.
+    #
+    # element::
+    #   XML element to extract attributes from.
+    def get_attributes(element)
+      attribute_hash = {}
+      attributes = element.attributes
+      for i in 0...attributes.length
+         attribute_hash[attributes.item(i).name] =  attributes.item(i).value
+       end
+      attribute_hash
+    end
+
+    # Determines if a document element has text content
+    #
+    # element::
+    #   XML element to be checked.
+    def texts(element)
+      texts = []
+      child_nodes = element.child_nodes
+      for i in 0...child_nodes.length
+        item = child_nodes.item(i)
+        if item.node_type == Node.TEXT_NODE
+          texts << item.get_data
+        end
+      end
+      texts
+    end
+
+    # Determines if a document element has text content
+    #
+    # element::
+    #   XML element to be checked.
+    def empty_content?(element)
+      text = ''
+      child_nodes = element.child_nodes
+      for i in 0...child_nodes.length
+        item = child_nodes.item(i)
+        if item.node_type == Node.TEXT_NODE
+          text << item.get_data.strip
+        end
+      end
+      text.strip.length == 0
+    end
+  end
+end