Merge remote branch 'mainstream/master'

Conflicts:
	railties/README
	railties/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.textile
	railties/guides/source/getting_started.textile
	railties/lib/generators/rails/app/templates/README

15 files changed, 115 insertions, 74 deletions

diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class.rb
index 62df7d8b82..f2ca9c7cc9 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute_accessors'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/class/inheritable_attributes'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/class/delegating_attributes'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/class/subclasses'
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class/subclasses.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class/subclasses.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbd8f5aef6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class/subclasses.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/reachable'
+
+class Class #:nodoc:
+  # Returns an array with the names of the subclasses of +self+ as strings.
+  #
+  #   Integer.subclasses # => ["Bignum", "Fixnum"]
+  def subclasses
+    Class.subclasses_of(self).map { |o| o.to_s }
+  end
+
+  # Rubinius
+  if defined?(Class.__subclasses__)
+    def descendents
+      subclasses = []
+      __subclasses__.each {|k| subclasses << k; subclasses.concat k.descendents }
+      subclasses
+    end
+  else
+    # MRI
+    begin
+      ObjectSpace.each_object(Class.new) {}
+
+      def descendents
+        subclasses = []
+        ObjectSpace.each_object(class << self; self; end) do |k|
+          subclasses << k unless k == self
+        end
+        subclasses
+      end
+    # JRuby
+    rescue StandardError
+      def descendents
+        subclasses = []
+        ObjectSpace.each_object(Class) do |k|
+          subclasses << k if k < self
+        end
+        subclasses.uniq!
+        subclasses
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Exclude this class unless it's a subclass of our supers and is defined.
+  # We check defined? in case we find a removed class that has yet to be
+  # garbage collected. This also fails for anonymous classes -- please
+  # submit a patch if you have a workaround.
+  def self.subclasses_of(*superclasses) #:nodoc:
+    subclasses = []
+    superclasses.each do |klass|
+      subclasses.concat klass.descendents.select {|k| k.anonymous? || k.reachable?}
+    end
+    subclasses
+  end
+end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/file/atomic.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/file/atomic.rb
index 249fb1362d..49d28e8a34 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/file/atomic.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/file/atomic.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class File
   # If your temp directory is not on the same filesystem as the file you're
   # trying to write, you can provide a different temporary directory.
   #
-  #   File.atomic_write("/data/something.important", "/data/tmp") do |f|
+  #   File.atomic_write("/data/something.important", "/data/tmp") do |file|
   #     file.write("hello")
   #   end
   def self.atomic_write(file_name, temp_dir = Dir.tmpdir)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel.rb
index 1922d804bf..c3bed14f63 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/daemonizing'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/agnostics'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/requires'
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/daemonizing.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/daemonizing.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index ed9d1f9bf2..0000000000
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/daemonizing.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-module Kernel
-  # Turns the current script into a daemon process that detaches from the console.
-  # It can be shut down with a TERM signal.
-  def daemonize
-    Process.daemon
-  end
-end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/debugger.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/debugger.rb
index 59e03e3df7..22fcc1910b 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/debugger.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/kernel/debugger.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module Kernel
   unless respond_to?(:debugger)
-    # Starts a debugging session if ruby-debug has been loaded (call script/server --debugger to do load it).
+    # Starts a debugging session if ruby-debug has been loaded (call rails server --debugger to do load it).
     def debugger
       message = "\n***** Debugger requested, but was not available: Start server with --debugger to enable *****\n"
       defined?(Rails) ? Rails.logger.info(message) : $stderr.puts(message)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module.rb
index fbe89fe07c..bf272e9e73 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/aliasing'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/introspection'
-
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/inclusion'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/reachable'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attr_accessor_with_default'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/delegation'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/loading'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/synchronization'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/deprecation'
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..df25a09ec9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
+class Module
+  # A module may or may not have a name.
+  #
+  #   module M; end
+  #   M.name # => "M"
+  #
+  #   m = Module.new
+  #   m.name # => ""
+  #
+  # A module gets a name when it is first assigned to a constant. Either
+  # via the +module+ or +class+ keyword or by an explicit assignment:
+  #
+  #   m = Module.new # creates an anonymous module
+  #   M = m          # => m gets a name here as a side-effect
+  #   m.name         # => "M"
+  #
+  def anonymous?
+    # Uses blank? because the name of an anonymous class is an empty
+    # string in 1.8, and nil in 1.9.
+    name.blank? 
+  end
+end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/inclusion.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/inclusion.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f23841645..0000000000
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/inclusion.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-class Module
-  # Returns the classes in the current ObjectSpace where this module has been
-  # mixed in according to Module#included_modules.
-  #
-  #   module M
-  #   end
-  #   
-  #   module N
-  #     include M
-  #   end
-  #   
-  #   class C
-  #     include M
-  #   end
-  #   
-  #   class D < C
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   p M.included_in_classes # => [C, D]
-  #
-  def included_in_classes
-    classes = []
-    ObjectSpace.each_object(Class) { |k| classes << k if k.included_modules.include?(self) }
-
-    classes.reverse.inject([]) do |unique_classes, klass| 
-      unique_classes << klass unless unique_classes.collect { |k| k.to_s }.include?(klass.to_s)
-      unique_classes
-    end
-  end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/loading.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/loading.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 43d0578ae6..0000000000
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/loading.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/inflections'
-
-class Module
-  # Returns String#underscore applied to the module name minus trailing classes.
-  #
-  #   ActiveRecord.as_load_path               # => "active_record"
-  #   ActiveRecord::Associations.as_load_path # => "active_record/associations"
-  #   ActiveRecord::Base.as_load_path         # => "active_record" (Base is a class)
-  #
-  # The Kernel module gives an empty string by definition.
-  #
-  #   Kernel.as_load_path # => ""
-  #   Math.as_load_path   # => "math"
-  def as_load_path
-    if self == Object || self == Kernel
-      ''
-    elsif is_a? Class
-      parent == self ? '' : parent.as_load_path
-    else
-      name.split('::').collect do |word|
-        word.underscore
-      end * '/'
-    end
-  end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/reachable.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/reachable.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..443d2c3d53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/reachable.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/string/inflections'
+
+class Module
+  def reachable? #:nodoc:
+    !anonymous? && name.constantize.equal?(self)
+  rescue NameError
+    false
+  end
+end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object.rb
index 08e07a5b24..db2dac1472 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object.rb
@@ -7,3 +7,9 @@ require 'active_support/core_ext/object/conversions'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/instance_variables'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/metaclass'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/misc'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/extending'
+
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/returning'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/to_param'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/to_query'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/with_options'
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/extending.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/extending.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4c37b6a2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/object/extending.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/class/subclasses'
+
+class Object
+  # Exclude this class unless it's a subclass of our supers and is defined.
+  # We check defined? in case we find a removed class that has yet to be
+  # garbage collected. This also fails for anonymous classes -- please
+  # submit a patch if you have a workaround.
+  def subclasses_of(*superclasses) #:nodoc:
+    Class.subclasses_of(*superclasses)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb
index 3977971e8d..567ba00b0d 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety.rb
@@ -71,15 +71,12 @@ module ActiveSupport #:nodoc:
         super(ERB::Util.h(value))
       end
     end
+    alias << concat
 
     def +(other)
       dup.concat(other)
     end
 
-    def <<(value)
-      self.concat(value)
-    end
-
     def html_safe?
       true
     end
@@ -102,4 +99,4 @@ class String
   def html_safe
     ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer.new(self)
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/xchar.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/xchar.rb
index 7183218634..f9a5b4fb64 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/xchar.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/xchar.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 begin
-  # See http://bogomips.org/fast_xs/ by Eric Wong.
+  # See http://fast-xs.rubyforge.org/ by Eric Wong.
   # Also included with hpricot.
   require 'fast_xs'
 rescue LoadError