Use ImageProcessing gem for ActiveStorage variants

ImageProcessing gem is a wrapper around MiniMagick and ruby-vips, and
implements an interface for common image resizing and processing. This
is the canonical image processing gem recommended in [Shrine], and
that's where it developed from. The initial implementation was extracted
from Refile, which also implements on-the-fly transformations.

Some features that ImageProcessing gem adds on top of MiniMagick:

  * resizing macros
    - #resize_to_limit
    - #resize_to_fit
    - #resize_to_fill
    - #resize_and_pad
  * automatic orientation
  * automatic thumbnail sharpening
  * avoids the complex and inefficient MiniMagick::Image class
  * will use "magick" instead of "convert" on ImageMagick 7

However, the biggest feature of the ImageProcessing gem is that it has
an alternative implementation that uses libvips. Libvips is an
alternative to ImageMagick that can process images very rapidly (we've
seen up 10x faster than ImageMagick).

What's great is that the ImageProcessing gem provides the same interface
for both implementations. The macros are named the same, and the libvips
implementation does auto orientation and thumbnail sharpening as well;
only the operations/options specific to ImageMagick/libvips differ. The
integration provided by this PR should work for both implementations.

The plan is to introduce the ImageProcessing backend in Rails 6.0 as the
default backend and deprecate the MiniMagick backend, then in Rails 6.1
remove the MiniMagick backend.

2 files changed, 2 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb b/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb
index e1bd974853..817948e675 100644
--- a/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb
+++ b/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ module ActiveStorage
   mattr_accessor :queue
   mattr_accessor :previewers, default: []
   mattr_accessor :analyzers, default: []
+  mattr_accessor :processor, default: :mini_magick
   mattr_accessor :paths, default: {}
   mattr_accessor :variable_content_types, default: []
   mattr_accessor :content_types_to_serve_as_binary, default: []
diff --git a/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb b/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb
index 1385e2aa84..02719e4173 100644
--- a/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb
+++ b/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ module ActiveStorage
       config.after_initialize do |app|
         ActiveStorage.logger     = app.config.active_storage.logger || Rails.logger
         ActiveStorage.queue      = app.config.active_storage.queue
+        ActiveStorage.processor  = app.config.active_storage.processor || :mini_magick
         ActiveStorage.previewers = app.config.active_storage.previewers || []
         ActiveStorage.analyzers  = app.config.active_storage.analyzers || []
         ActiveStorage.paths      = app.config.active_storage.paths || {}