bring back `db:test:prepare`.

This reverts deprecations added in #13528.
The task is brought back for two reasons:
  1. Give plugins a way to hook into the test database initialization process
  2. Give the user a way to force a test database synchronization

While `test:prepare` is still a dependency of every test task, `db:test:prepare`
no longer hooks into it. This means that `test:prepare` runs before the schema
is synchronized. Plugins, which insert data can now hook into `db:test:prepare`.

The automatic schema maintenance can't detect when a migration is rolled-back,
modified and reapplied. In this case the user has to fall back to `db:test:prepare`
to force the synchronization to happen.

3 files changed, 28 insertions, 6 deletions

diff --git a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
index 9130cfbe9e..2140b1ea83 100644
--- a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,18 @@
+*   Bring back `db:test:prepare` to synchronize the test database schema.
+
+    Manual synchronization using `bin/rake db:test:prepare` is required
+    when a migration is rolled-back, edited and reapplied.
+
+    `ActiveRecord::Base.maintain_test_schema` now uses `db:test:prepare`
+    to synchronize the schema. Plugins can use this task as a hook to
+    provide custom behavior after the schema has been loaded.
+
+    NOTE: `test:prepare` runs before the schema was synchronized.
+
+    Fixes #17171, #15787.
+
+    *Yves Senn*
+
 *   Change `reflections` public api to return the keys as String objects.
 
     Fixes #16928.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
index 4e00eb3d99..92f2951f2d 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/migration.rb
@@ -395,7 +395,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       def load_schema_if_pending!
         if ActiveRecord::Migrator.needs_migration? || !ActiveRecord::Migrator.any_migrations?
-          ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.load_schema_current_if_exists
+          # Roundrip to Rake to allow plugins to hook into database initialization.
+          FileUtils.cd Rails.root do
+            current_config = Base.connection_config
+            Base.clear_all_connections!
+            system("bin/rake db:test:prepare")
+            # Establish a new connection, the old database may be gone (db:test:prepare uses purge)
+            Base.establish_connection(current_config)
+          end
           check_pending!
         end
       end
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
index 3ec25f9f17..21b1c3f721 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ db_namespace = namespace :db do
     end
 
     # desc "Recreate the test database from the current schema"
-    task :load => %w(db:test:deprecated db:test:purge) do
+    task :load => %w(db:test:purge) do
       case ActiveRecord::Base.schema_format
         when :ruby
           db_namespace["test:load_schema"].invoke
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ db_namespace = namespace :db do
     end
 
     # desc "Recreate the test database from an existent schema.rb file"
-    task :load_schema => %w(db:test:deprecated db:test:purge) do
+    task :load_schema => %w(db:test:purge) do
       begin
         should_reconnect = ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.active_connection?
         ActiveRecord::Schema.verbose = false
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ db_namespace = namespace :db do
     end
 
     # desc "Recreate the test database from an existent structure.sql file"
-    task :load_structure => %w(db:test:deprecated db:test:purge) do
+    task :load_structure => %w(db:test:purge) do
       ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.load_schema_for ActiveRecord::Base.configurations['test'], :sql, ENV['SCHEMA']
     end
 
@@ -349,12 +349,12 @@ db_namespace = namespace :db do
     task :clone_structure => %w(db:test:deprecated db:structure:dump db:test:load_structure)
 
     # desc "Empty the test database"
-    task :purge => %w(db:test:deprecated environment load_config) do
+    task :purge => %w(environment load_config) do
       ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.purge ActiveRecord::Base.configurations['test']
     end
 
     # desc 'Check for pending migrations and load the test schema'
-    task :prepare => %w(db:test:deprecated environment load_config) do
+    task :prepare => %w(environment load_config) do
       unless ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.blank?
         db_namespace['test:load'].invoke
       end