Prevent `RangeError` for `belongs_to` associations

Currently to access `belongs_to` associations raises a `RangeError` if
foreign key attribute has out of range value.
It should return a nil value rather than raising a `RangeError`.

Fixes #20140.

1 files changed, 2 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
index e386cc0e4c..a9e7edddff 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/singular_association.rb
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
           sc.execute(binds, klass, conn) do |record|
             set_inverse_instance record
           end.first
+        rescue RangeError
+          nil
         end
 
         def replace(record)