Merge pull request #29540 from kirs/rubocop-frozen-string

Enforce frozen string in Rubocop

116 files changed, 116 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/activemodel/Rakefile b/activemodel/Rakefile
index d60f6d9997..8027b46d54 100644
--- a/activemodel/Rakefile
+++ b/activemodel/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "rake/testtask"
 
 task default: :test
diff --git a/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec b/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec
index 18a35678f1..9ea6796081 100644
--- a/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec
+++ b/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 version = File.read(File.expand_path("../RAILS_VERSION", __dir__)).strip
 
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
diff --git a/activemodel/bin/test b/activemodel/bin/test
index 470ce93f10..c53377cc97 100755
--- a/activemodel/bin/test
+++ b/activemodel/bin/test
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 COMPONENT_ROOT = File.expand_path("..", __dir__)
 require_relative "../../tools/test"
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model.rb
index a2892e9ea9..1f090bad17 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 #--
 # Copyright (c) 2004-2017 David Heinemeier Hansson
 #
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/attribute_methods.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/attribute_methods.rb
index b3b39bf7ae..c87fd64a10 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/attribute_methods.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/attribute_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "concurrent/map"
 require "mutex_m"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/callbacks.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/callbacks.rb
index 835e6f7716..3bc2fed7cf 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/callbacks.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/callbacks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/conversion.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/conversion.rb
index 12687c70d3..fc0c499f14 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/conversion.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/conversion.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   # == Active \Model \Conversion
   #
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/dirty.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/dirty.rb
index dc81f74779..4dfa312223 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/dirty.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/dirty.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/errors.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/errors.rb
index 942b4fa9bb..52e1a46bfc 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/errors.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/errors.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array/conversions"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/inflections"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/deep_dup"
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/forbidden_attributes_protection.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/forbidden_attributes_protection.rb
index 45ab8a2ca1..37a16863d7 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/forbidden_attributes_protection.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/forbidden_attributes_protection.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   # Raised when forbidden attributes are used for mass assignment.
   #
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/gem_version.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/gem_version.rb
index 67bdfaa643..e257b0de71 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/gem_version.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/gem_version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   # Returns the version of the currently loaded \Active \Model as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>
   def self.gem_version
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/lint.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/lint.rb
index 291a545528..4120d769c9 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/lint.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/lint.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Lint
     # == Active \Model \Lint \Tests
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/model.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/model.rb
index 945a5402a3..234e479b35 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/model.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/model.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   # == Active \Model \Basic \Model
   #
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/naming.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/naming.rb
index 9ac56526a2..b32c90884e 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/naming.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/naming.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/introspection"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method"
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/railtie.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/railtie.rb
index 1671eb7bd4..f7666d201a 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/railtie.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/railtie.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model"
 require "rails"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/secure_password.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/secure_password.rb
index 1c0fe92bc0..d1dc833f83 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/secure_password.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/secure_password.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module SecurePassword
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/serialization.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/serialization.rb
index 77834f26fc..3151c46828 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/serialization.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/serialization.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/serializers/json.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/serializers/json.rb
index 205b84ddb4..3d453cd829 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/serializers/json.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/serializers/json.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/json"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/translation.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/translation.rb
index 35fc7cf743..7d8fe1717c 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/translation.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/translation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   # == Active \Model \Translation
   #
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type.rb
index 095801d8f0..3d8c0a00ce 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type/helpers"
 require "active_model/type/value"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/big_integer.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/big_integer.rb
index 3b629682fe..90734cb2fa 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/big_integer.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/big_integer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type/integer"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/binary.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/binary.rb
index 819e4e4a96..37da9deb43 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/binary.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/binary.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class Binary < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/boolean.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/boolean.rb
index f2a47370a3..120aca8c6a 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/boolean.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/boolean.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     # == Active \Model \Type \Boolean
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date.rb
index eefd080351..e17fe1047a 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class Date < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date_time.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date_time.rb
index 5cb0077e45..325ab13375 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date_time.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/date_time.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class DateTime < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/decimal.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/decimal.rb
index e6805c5f6b..388d41e7ff 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/decimal.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/decimal.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "bigdecimal/util"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/float.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/float.rb
index 4d0d2771a0..00cef09cca 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/float.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/float.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class Float < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers.rb
index 82cd9ebe98..3d039b7530 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type/helpers/accepts_multiparameter_time"
 require "active_model/type/helpers/numeric"
 require "active_model/type/helpers/mutable"
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/accepts_multiparameter_time.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/accepts_multiparameter_time.rb
index f783d286c5..69405f8e0a 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/accepts_multiparameter_time.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/accepts_multiparameter_time.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     module Helpers # :nodoc: all
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/mutable.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/mutable.rb
index f3a17a1698..61569f1e7b 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/mutable.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/mutable.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     module Helpers # :nodoc: all
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/numeric.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/numeric.rb
index 275822b738..363115632f 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/numeric.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/numeric.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     module Helpers # :nodoc: all
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/time_value.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/time_value.rb
index 53cf7c6029..c99addc642 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/time_value.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/time_value.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/time/zones"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/immutable_string.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/immutable_string.rb
index 58268540e5..06abd8a13f 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/immutable_string.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/immutable_string.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class ImmutableString < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/integer.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/integer.rb
index 106b5d966c..0cd0e7f371 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/integer.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/integer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class Integer < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/registry.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/registry.rb
index 2d5dd366eb..15732d1bbd 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/registry.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/registry.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   # :stopdoc:
   module Type
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/string.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/string.rb
index 850cab962b..d6e330bdba 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/string.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/string.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/type/immutable_string"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/time.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/time.rb
index 54d6214e81..8cf7078ff3 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/time.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/time.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class Time < Value # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/value.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/value.rb
index 7e9ae92245..b56c8b48f5 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/value.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/value.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Type
     class Value
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations.rb
index ae1d69f685..a684277127 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/absence.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/absence.rb
index 4618f46e30..f09f89bff2 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/absence.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/absence.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     # == \Active \Model Absence Validator
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/acceptance.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/acceptance.rb
index a26c37daa5..32b8d9567e 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/acceptance.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/acceptance.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     class AcceptanceValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb
index 4e94422cf1..f4e10ce918 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/callbacks.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     # == Active \Model \Validation \Callbacks
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/clusivity.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/clusivity.rb
index 18f1056e2b..081c69a7f7 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/clusivity.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/clusivity.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/range"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/confirmation.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/confirmation.rb
index 03585bf5e1..88930ea0cd 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/confirmation.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/confirmation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     class ConfirmationValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/exclusion.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/exclusion.rb
index b7156ba802..1442f89002 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/exclusion.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/exclusion.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/validations/clusivity"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/format.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/format.rb
index 98b3f6a8e5..01ea49c4d6 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/format.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/format.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     class FormatValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/helper_methods.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/helper_methods.rb
index 2176115334..14236dcf41 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/helper_methods.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/helper_methods.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     module HelperMethods # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/inclusion.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/inclusion.rb
index c6c5bae649..7ca8696951 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/inclusion.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/inclusion.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model/validations/clusivity"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/length.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/length.rb
index 940c58f3a7..e77a9e4f4c 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/length.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/length.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     class LengthValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/numericality.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/numericality.rb
index fb053a4c4e..53a7287ec6 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/numericality.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/numericality.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     class NumericalityValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/presence.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/presence.rb
index ce4106a5e1..82f9ea0c9c 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/presence.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/presence.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module ActiveModel
   module Validations
     class PresenceValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/validates.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/validates.rb
index a8b958e974..45a7007c45 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/validates.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/validates.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/with.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/with.rb
index 9227dd06ff..b485846c6d 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/with.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validations/with.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validator.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validator.rb
index 6c11981e1d..976cf56a5e 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/validator.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/validator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/lib/active_model/version.rb b/activemodel/lib/active_model/version.rb
index 6e7fd227fd..09667cf425 100644
--- a/activemodel/lib/active_model/version.rb
+++ b/activemodel/lib/active_model/version.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require_relative "gem_version"
 
 module ActiveModel
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_assignment_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_assignment_test.rb
index fa41d1b95f..5ec55676da 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_assignment_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_assignment_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 require "active_support/hash_with_indifferent_access"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_methods_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_methods_test.rb
index 4767accb7c..4b03c581e9 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_methods_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/attribute_methods_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 class ModelWithAttributes
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/callbacks_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/callbacks_test.rb
index f85cd7dec4..f236cb3997 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/callbacks_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/callbacks_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 class CallbacksTest < ActiveModel::TestCase
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/conversion_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/conversion_test.rb
index 4a93347abc..145a7b4e7f 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/conversion_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/conversion_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/contact"
 require "models/helicopter"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/dirty_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/dirty_test.rb
index 0242b96083..18d2db7edf 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/dirty_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/dirty_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 class DirtyTest < ActiveModel::TestCase
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/errors_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/errors_test.rb
index 43aee5a814..790113331d 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/errors_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/errors_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 require "yaml"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/forbidden_attributes_protection_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/forbidden_attributes_protection_test.rb
index d8cc72e662..b2211b069c 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/forbidden_attributes_protection_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/forbidden_attributes_protection_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 require "models/account"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/helper.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/helper.rb
index eeb5c85a48..be0817624c 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/helper.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "active_model"
 
 # Show backtraces for deprecated behavior for quicker cleanup.
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/lint_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/lint_test.rb
index 7a817d7c01..29443f212f 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/lint_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/lint_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 class LintTest < ActiveModel::TestCase
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/model_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/model_test.rb
index ba87cd1506..593077a768 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/model_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/model_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 class ModelTest < ActiveModel::TestCase
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/naming_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/naming_test.rb
index d5cb1a62bc..068cb93762 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/naming_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/naming_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/contact"
 require "models/sheep"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/railtie_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/railtie_test.rb
index a56b26b5ee..faace1be85 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/railtie_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/railtie_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/testing/isolation"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/secure_password_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/secure_password_test.rb
index 77ce86f392..92368a5512 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/secure_password_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/secure_password_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/user"
 require "models/visitor"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/serialization_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/serialization_test.rb
index f78efd2f0c..8611dcbf0b 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/serialization_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/serialization_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/instance_variables"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/serializers/json_serialization_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/serializers/json_serialization_test.rb
index d15ba64eb0..c6981e86e1 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/serializers/json_serialization_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/serializers/json_serialization_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/contact"
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/instance_variables"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/translation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/translation_test.rb
index 9972f9daea..aa2c41849d 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/translation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/translation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/person"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/big_integer_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/big_integer_test.rb
index 56002b7cc6..fba019c01f 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/big_integer_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/big_integer_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/binary_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/binary_test.rb
index e9c2ccfca4..b0ae5c3423 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/binary_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/binary_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/boolean_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/boolean_test.rb
index 92e5aebfb7..e8ed904c75 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/boolean_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/boolean_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_test.rb
index 0cc90e99d3..ef21e52361 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_time_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_time_test.rb
index 75a7fc686e..fd717d8793 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_time_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/date_time_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/decimal_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/decimal_test.rb
index c3b43725cc..18b1e60127 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/decimal_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/decimal_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/float_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/float_test.rb
index 8026d63ad5..594a7fc668 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/float_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/float_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/immutable_string_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/immutable_string_test.rb
index 23e58974fb..5b2830d4a4 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/immutable_string_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/immutable_string_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/integer_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/integer_test.rb
index a91144036b..67ee6307ea 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/integer_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/integer_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 require "active_support/core_ext/numeric/time"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/registry_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/registry_test.rb
index 927b6d0307..b2901253a5 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/registry_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/registry_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/string_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/string_test.rb
index 5bf9fc3527..9c604bcec2 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/string_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/string_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/time_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/time_test.rb
index 0cc4d33caa..aa114fc911 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/time_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/time_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/type/value_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/type/value_test.rb
index d8b3e7f164..d294e86ef9 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/type/value_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/type/value_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_model/type"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/absence_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/absence_validation_test.rb
index 833f694c5a..10a42fba59 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/absence_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/absence_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/topic"
 require "models/person"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/acceptance_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/acceptance_validation_test.rb
index fbd994e914..78619abdb8 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/acceptance_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/acceptance_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/callbacks_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/callbacks_test.rb
index f2e4a5946d..9ef59b917a 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/callbacks_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/callbacks_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 class Dog
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/conditional_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/conditional_validation_test.rb
index 048d27446e..c86124c8ea 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/conditional_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/conditional_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/confirmation_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/confirmation_validation_test.rb
index 7ddf3ad273..1d3e2390e6 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/confirmation_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/confirmation_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/exclusion_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/exclusion_validation_test.rb
index 06ae4fbecd..2bef74fd6c 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/exclusion_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/exclusion_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/core_ext/numeric/time"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/format_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/format_validation_test.rb
index f5b1ad721c..3bde650d37 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/format_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/format_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_generate_message_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_generate_message_validation_test.rb
index f049ee26e8..462a2254d2 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_generate_message_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_generate_message_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/person"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_validation_test.rb
index f28cfc0ef5..d6a00a6630 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/i18n_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/person"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/inclusion_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/inclusion_validation_test.rb
index 5aa43ea4a9..537ff45626 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/inclusion_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/inclusion_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "active_support/all"
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/length_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/length_validation_test.rb
index 95ee87b401..03e73546da 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/length_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/length_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/numericality_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/numericality_validation_test.rb
index c0158e075f..aadc825b52 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/numericality_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/numericality_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/presence_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/presence_validation_test.rb
index 642dd0f144..af3d7401ed 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/presence_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/presence_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validates_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validates_test.rb
index 011033606e..fe602a2316 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validates_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validates_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 require "models/person"
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validations_context_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validations_context_test.rb
index 25c37a572f..04108eb2a0 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validations_context_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/validations_context_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/with_validation_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/with_validation_test.rb
index 5ce86738cd..70f1337035 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations/with_validation_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations/with_validation_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/cases/validations_test.rb b/activemodel/test/cases/validations_test.rb
index 6647191205..83be8b26da 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/cases/validations_test.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/cases/validations_test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "cases/helper"
 
 require "models/topic"
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/account.rb b/activemodel/test/models/account.rb
index eed668d38f..c25d12e138 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/account.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/account.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Account
   include ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesProtection
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/blog_post.rb b/activemodel/test/models/blog_post.rb
index 46eba857df..2a6240fb04 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/blog_post.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/blog_post.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Blog
   def self.use_relative_model_naming?
     true
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/contact.rb b/activemodel/test/models/contact.rb
index 113ab0bc1f..9853bc6234 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/contact.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/contact.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Contact
   extend ActiveModel::Naming
   include ActiveModel::Conversion
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/custom_reader.rb b/activemodel/test/models/custom_reader.rb
index dc26bb10ff..a6f983e3ca 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/custom_reader.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/custom_reader.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class CustomReader
   include ActiveModel::Validations
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/helicopter.rb b/activemodel/test/models/helicopter.rb
index 933f3c463a..33877e1fba 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/helicopter.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/helicopter.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Helicopter
   include ActiveModel::Conversion
 end
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/person.rb b/activemodel/test/models/person.rb
index e896e90f98..94a3275514 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/person.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/person.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Person
   include ActiveModel::Validations
   extend  ActiveModel::Translation
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/person_with_validator.rb b/activemodel/test/models/person_with_validator.rb
index 505ed880c1..b32730abc1 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/person_with_validator.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/person_with_validator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class PersonWithValidator
   include ActiveModel::Validations
 
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/reply.rb b/activemodel/test/models/reply.rb
index 3fe11043d2..9a6b4864f1 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/reply.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/reply.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "models/topic"
 
 class Reply < Topic
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/sheep.rb b/activemodel/test/models/sheep.rb
index 7aba055c4f..f62a98777a 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/sheep.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/sheep.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Sheep
   extend ActiveModel::Naming
 end
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/topic.rb b/activemodel/test/models/topic.rb
index 192786c096..37dc437e81 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/topic.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/topic.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Topic
   include ActiveModel::Validations
   include ActiveModel::Validations::Callbacks
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/track_back.rb b/activemodel/test/models/track_back.rb
index 357ee37d6d..80c4075b00 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/track_back.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/track_back.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Post
   class TrackBack
     def to_model
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/user.rb b/activemodel/test/models/user.rb
index 6556b1a7d9..106b487cbc 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/user.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/user.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class User
   extend ActiveModel::Callbacks
   include ActiveModel::SecurePassword
diff --git a/activemodel/test/models/visitor.rb b/activemodel/test/models/visitor.rb
index 22ad1a3c3d..5bcd5d6458 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/models/visitor.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/models/visitor.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Visitor
   extend ActiveModel::Callbacks
   include ActiveModel::SecurePassword
diff --git a/activemodel/test/validators/email_validator.rb b/activemodel/test/validators/email_validator.rb
index f733c45cf0..206c3d319c 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/validators/email_validator.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/validators/email_validator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class EmailValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator
   def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
     record.errors[attribute] << (options[:message] || "is not an email") unless
diff --git a/activemodel/test/validators/namespace/email_validator.rb b/activemodel/test/validators/namespace/email_validator.rb
index 8639045b0d..4c37f6f3a2 100644
--- a/activemodel/test/validators/namespace/email_validator.rb
+++ b/activemodel/test/validators/namespace/email_validator.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require "validators/email_validator"
 
 module Namespace