applies new string literal convention to the rest of the project

The current code base is not uniform. After some discussion,
we have chosen to go with double quotes by default.

15 files changed, 149 insertions, 149 deletions

diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index 1d70ce96ea..02e9e5997c 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-require 'net/http'
+require "net/http"
 
-$:.unshift File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)
+$:.unshift File.expand_path("..", __FILE__)
 require "tasks/release"
-require 'railties/lib/rails/api/task'
+require "railties/lib/rails/api/task"
 
 desc "Build gem files for all projects"
 task :build => "all:build"
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ task :prep_release => "all:prep_release"
 desc "Release all gems to rubygems and create a tag"
 task :release => "all:release"
 
-desc 'Run all tests by default'
+desc "Run all tests by default"
 task :default => %w(test test:isolated)
 
 %w(test test:isolated package gem).each do |task_name|
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ task :default => %w(test test:isolated)
       system(%(cd #{project} && #{$0} #{task_name} --trace)) || errors << project
     end
     if task_name =~ /test/
-      system(%(cd actioncable && env FAYE=1 #{$0} #{task_name} --trace)) || errors << 'actioncable-faye'
+      system(%(cd actioncable && env FAYE=1 #{$0} #{task_name} --trace)) || errors << "actioncable-faye"
     end
     fail("Errors in #{errors.join(', ')}") unless errors.empty?
   end
@@ -43,13 +43,13 @@ desc "Install gems for all projects."
 task :install => "all:install"
 
 desc "Generate documentation for the Rails framework"
-if ENV['EDGE']
-  Rails::API::EdgeTask.new('rdoc')
+if ENV["EDGE"]
+  Rails::API::EdgeTask.new("rdoc")
 else
-  Rails::API::StableTask.new('rdoc')
+  Rails::API::StableTask.new("rdoc")
 end
 
-desc 'Bump all versions to match RAILS_VERSION'
+desc "Bump all versions to match RAILS_VERSION"
 task :update_versions => "all:update_versions"
 
 # We have a webhook configured in GitHub that gets invoked after pushes.
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ task :update_versions => "all:update_versions"
 #   * if there's a new stable tag, generates and publishes stable docs
 #
 # Everything is automated and you do NOT need to run this task normally.
-desc 'Publishes docs, run this AFTER a new stable tag has been pushed'
+desc "Publishes docs, run this AFTER a new stable tag has been pushed"
 task :publish_docs do
-  Net::HTTP.new('api.rubyonrails.org', 8080).start do |http|
-    request  = Net::HTTP::Post.new('/rails-master-hook')
+  Net::HTTP.new("api.rubyonrails.org", 8080).start do |http|
+    request  = Net::HTTP::Post.new("/rails-master-hook")
     response = http.request(request)
     puts response.body
   end
diff --git a/actioncable/Rakefile b/actioncable/Rakefile
index a72142deb5..4419eb1738 100644
--- a/actioncable/Rakefile
+++ b/actioncable/Rakefile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
-require 'pathname'
-require 'action_cable'
-require 'blade'
+require "rake/testtask"
+require "pathname"
+require "action_cable"
+require "blade"
 
 dir = File.dirname(__FILE__)
 
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ end
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
     Dir.glob("test/**/*_test.rb").all? do |file|
-      sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', '-Ilib:test', file)
+      sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-Ilib:test", file)
     end or raise "Failures"
   end
 
   task :integration do
-    if ENV['CI']
+    if ENV["CI"]
       Blade.start(interface: :ci)
     else
       Blade.start(interface: :runner)
diff --git a/actionmailer/Rakefile b/actionmailer/Rakefile
index 416c9ee33a..059d98fb28 100644
--- a/actionmailer/Rakefile
+++ b/actionmailer/Rakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 desc "Default Task"
 task default: [ :test ]
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ task :package
 # Run the unit tests
 Rake::TestTask.new { |t|
   t.libs << "test"
-  t.pattern = 'test/**/*_test.rb'
+  t.pattern = "test/**/*_test.rb"
   t.warning = true
   t.verbose = true
   t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Rake::TestTask.new { |t|
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
     Dir.glob("test/**/*_test.rb").all? do |file|
-      sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', '-Ilib:test', file)
+      sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-Ilib:test", file)
     end or raise "Failures"
   end
 end
diff --git a/actionpack/Rakefile b/actionpack/Rakefile
index 4a05c067a9..b8e62bf428 100644
--- a/actionpack/Rakefile
+++ b/actionpack/Rakefile
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
-test_files = Dir.glob('test/**/*_test.rb')
+test_files = Dir.glob("test/**/*_test.rb")
 
 desc "Default Task"
 task :default => :test
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ task :package
 
 # Run the unit tests
 Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
-  t.libs << 'test'
+  t.libs << "test"
   t.test_files = test_files
 
   t.warning = true
@@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ end
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
     test_files.all? do |file|
-      sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', '-Ilib:test', file)
+      sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-Ilib:test", file)
     end or raise "Failures"
   end
 end
 
 task :lines do
-  load File.expand_path('..', File.dirname(__FILE__)) + '/tools/line_statistics'
+  load File.expand_path("..", File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/tools/line_statistics"
   files = FileList["lib/**/*.rb"]
   CodeTools::LineStatistics.new(files).print_loc
 end
 
-rule '.rb' => '.y' do |t|
+rule ".rb" => ".y" do |t|
   sh "racc -l -o #{t.name} #{t.source}"
 end
 
-task compile: 'lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser.rb'
+task compile: "lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser.rb"
diff --git a/actionview/Rakefile b/actionview/Rakefile
index f0f9bda3e4..936620e6e6 100644
--- a/actionview/Rakefile
+++ b/actionview/Rakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 desc "Default Task"
 task :default => :test
@@ -13,31 +13,31 @@ task :test => ["test:template", "test:integration:action_pack", "test:integratio
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
     Dir.glob("test/{actionpack,activerecord,template}/**/*_test.rb").all? do |file|
-      sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', '-Ilib:test', file)
+      sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-Ilib:test", file)
     end or raise "Failures"
   end
 
   Rake::TestTask.new(:template) do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.test_files = Dir.glob('test/template/**/*_test.rb')
+    t.libs << "test"
+    t.test_files = Dir.glob("test/template/**/*_test.rb")
     t.warning = true
     t.verbose = true
     t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
   end
 
   namespace :integration do
-    desc 'ActiveRecord Integration Tests'
+    desc "ActiveRecord Integration Tests"
     Rake::TestTask.new(:active_record) do |t|
-      t.libs << 'test'
+      t.libs << "test"
       t.test_files = Dir.glob("test/activerecord/*_test.rb")
       t.warning = true
       t.verbose = true
       t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
     end
 
-    desc 'ActionPack Integration Tests'
+    desc "ActionPack Integration Tests"
     Rake::TestTask.new(:action_pack) do |t|
-      t.libs << 'test'
+      t.libs << "test"
       t.test_files = Dir.glob("test/actionpack/**/*_test.rb")
       t.warning = true
       t.verbose = true
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ namespace :test do
 end
 
 task :lines do
-  load File.expand_path('..', File.dirname(__FILE__)) + '/tools/line_statistics'
+  load File.expand_path("..", File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/tools/line_statistics"
   files = FileList["lib/**/*.rb"]
   CodeTools::LineStatistics.new(files).print_loc
 end
diff --git a/activejob/Rakefile b/activejob/Rakefile
index e47f17b740..da153c8a49 100644
--- a/activejob/Rakefile
+++ b/activejob/Rakefile
@@ -1,41 +1,41 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 #TODO: add qu back to the list after it support Rails 5.1
 ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS = %w(async inline delayed_job que queue_classic resque sidekiq sneakers sucker_punch backburner test)
 ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS -= %w(queue_classic) if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
 
 task default: :test
-task test: 'test:default'
+task test: "test:default"
 
 task :package
 
 namespace :test do
-  desc 'Run all adapter tests'
+  desc "Run all adapter tests"
   task :default do
     run_without_aborting ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS.map { |a| "test:#{a}" }
   end
 
-  desc 'Run all adapter tests in isolation'
+  desc "Run all adapter tests in isolation"
   task :isolated do
     run_without_aborting ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS.map { |a| "test:isolated:#{a}" }
   end
 
-  desc 'Run integration tests for all adapters'
+  desc "Run integration tests for all adapters"
   task :integration do
-    run_without_aborting (ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS - ['test']).map { |a| "test:integration:#{a}" }
+    run_without_aborting (ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS - ["test"]).map { |a| "test:integration:#{a}" }
   end
 
-  task 'env:integration' do
-    ENV['AJ_INTEGRATION_TESTS'] = "1"
+  task "env:integration" do
+    ENV["AJ_INTEGRATION_TESTS"] = "1"
   end
 
   ACTIVEJOB_ADAPTERS.each do |adapter|
-    task("env:#{adapter}") { ENV['AJ_ADAPTER'] = adapter }
+    task("env:#{adapter}") { ENV["AJ_ADAPTER"] = adapter }
 
     Rake::TestTask.new(adapter => "test:env:#{adapter}") do |t|
       t.description = "Run adapter tests for #{adapter}"
-      t.libs << 'test'
-      t.test_files = FileList['test/cases/**/*_test.rb']
+      t.libs << "test"
+      t.test_files = FileList["test/cases/**/*_test.rb"]
       t.verbose = true
       t.warning = false
       t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
@@ -45,16 +45,16 @@ namespace :test do
       task adapter => "test:env:#{adapter}" do
         dir = File.dirname(__FILE__)
         Dir.glob("#{dir}/test/cases/**/*_test.rb").all? do |file|
-          sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', "-I#{dir}/lib", "-I#{dir}/test", file)
-        end or raise 'Failures'
+          sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-I#{dir}/lib", "-I#{dir}/test", file)
+        end or raise "Failures"
       end
     end
 
     namespace :integration do
-      Rake::TestTask.new(adapter => ["test:env:#{adapter}", 'test:env:integration']) do |t|
+      Rake::TestTask.new(adapter => ["test:env:#{adapter}", "test:env:integration"]) do |t|
         t.description = "Run integration tests for #{adapter}"
-        t.libs << 'test'
-        t.test_files = FileList['test/integration/**/*_test.rb']
+        t.libs << "test"
+        t.test_files = FileList["test/integration/**/*_test.rb"]
         t.verbose = true
         t.warning = false
         t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
diff --git a/activemodel/Rakefile b/activemodel/Rakefile
index 036815a987..d94f857614 100644
--- a/activemodel/Rakefile
+++ b/activemodel/Rakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 dir = File.dirname(__FILE__)
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ end
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
     Dir.glob("#{dir}/test/**/*_test.rb").all? do |file|
-      sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', "-I#{dir}/lib", "-I#{dir}/test", file)
+      sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-I#{dir}/lib", "-I#{dir}/test", file)
     end or raise "Failures"
   end
 end
diff --git a/activerecord/Rakefile b/activerecord/Rakefile
index 8fbea61335..5bf1c843af 100644
--- a/activerecord/Rakefile
+++ b/activerecord/Rakefile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/test/config"
 require File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/test/support/config"
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ def run_without_aborting(*tasks)
   abort "Errors running #{errors.join(', ')}" if errors.any?
 end
 
-desc 'Run mysql2, sqlite, and postgresql tests by default'
+desc "Run mysql2, sqlite, and postgresql tests by default"
 task :default => :test
 
 task :package
 
-desc 'Run mysql2, sqlite, and postgresql tests'
+desc "Run mysql2, sqlite, and postgresql tests"
 task :test do
   tasks = defined?(JRUBY_VERSION) ?
     %w(test_jdbcmysql test_jdbcsqlite3 test_jdbcpostgresql) :
@@ -39,19 +39,19 @@ namespace :test do
   end
 end
 
-desc 'Build MySQL and PostgreSQL test databases'
+desc "Build MySQL and PostgreSQL test databases"
 namespace :db do
-  task :create => ['db:mysql:build', 'db:postgresql:build']
-  task :drop => ['db:mysql:drop', 'db:postgresql:drop']
+  task :create => ["db:mysql:build", "db:postgresql:build"]
+  task :drop => ["db:mysql:drop", "db:postgresql:drop"]
 end
 
 %w( mysql2 postgresql sqlite3 sqlite3_mem db2 oracle jdbcmysql jdbcpostgresql jdbcsqlite3 jdbcderby jdbch2 jdbchsqldb ).each do |adapter|
   namespace :test do
     Rake::TestTask.new(adapter => "#{adapter}:env") { |t|
-      adapter_short = adapter == 'db2' ? adapter : adapter[/^[a-z0-9]+/]
-      t.libs << 'test'
+      adapter_short = adapter == "db2" ? adapter : adapter[/^[a-z0-9]+/]
+      t.libs << "test"
       t.test_files = (Dir.glob( "test/cases/**/*_test.rb" ).reject {
-        |x| x.include?('/adapters/')
+        |x| x.include?("/adapters/")
       } + Dir.glob("test/cases/adapters/#{adapter_short}/**/*_test.rb"))
 
       t.warning = true
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ end
 
     namespace :isolated do
       task adapter => "#{adapter}:env" do
-        adapter_short = adapter == 'db2' ? adapter : adapter[/^[a-z0-9]+/]
+        adapter_short = adapter == "db2" ? adapter : adapter[/^[a-z0-9]+/]
         puts [adapter, adapter_short].inspect
         (Dir["test/cases/**/*_test.rb"].reject {
-          |x| x.include?('/adapters/')
+          |x| x.include?("/adapters/")
         } + Dir["test/cases/adapters/#{adapter_short}/**/*_test.rb"]).all? do |file|
-          sh(Gem.ruby, '-w' ,"-Itest", file)
+          sh(Gem.ruby, "-w" ,"-Itest", file)
         end or raise "Failures"
       end
     end
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ end
     task :isolated_test => "isolated_test_#{adapter}"
 
     # Set the connection environment for the adapter
-    task(:env) { ENV['ARCONN'] = adapter }
+    task(:env) { ENV["ARCONN"] = adapter }
   end
 
   # Make sure the adapter test evaluates the env setting task
@@ -87,30 +87,30 @@ end
 
 namespace :db do
   namespace :mysql do
-    desc 'Build the MySQL test databases'
+    desc "Build the MySQL test databases"
     task :build do
-      config = ARTest.config['connections']['mysql2']
-      %x( mysql --user=#{config['arunit']['username']} --password=#{config['arunit']['password']} -e "create DATABASE #{config['arunit']['database']} DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ")
-      %x( mysql --user=#{config['arunit2']['username']} --password=#{config['arunit2']['password']} -e "create DATABASE #{config['arunit2']['database']} DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ")
+      config = ARTest.config["connections"]["mysql2"]
+      %x( mysql --user=#{config["arunit"]["username"]} --password=#{config["arunit"]["password"]} -e "create DATABASE #{config["arunit"]["database"]} DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ")
+      %x( mysql --user=#{config["arunit2"]["username"]} --password=#{config["arunit2"]["password"]} -e "create DATABASE #{config["arunit2"]["database"]} DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ")
     end
 
-    desc 'Drop the MySQL test databases'
+    desc "Drop the MySQL test databases"
     task :drop do
-      config = ARTest.config['connections']['mysql2']
-      %x( mysqladmin --user=#{config['arunit']['username']} --password=#{config['arunit']['password']} -f drop #{config['arunit']['database']} )
-      %x( mysqladmin --user=#{config['arunit2']['username']} --password=#{config['arunit2']['password']} -f drop #{config['arunit2']['database']} )
+      config = ARTest.config["connections"]["mysql2"]
+      %x( mysqladmin --user=#{config["arunit"]["username"]} --password=#{config["arunit"]["password"]} -f drop #{config["arunit"]["database"]} )
+      %x( mysqladmin --user=#{config["arunit2"]["username"]} --password=#{config["arunit2"]["password"]} -f drop #{config["arunit2"]["database"]} )
     end
 
-    desc 'Rebuild the MySQL test databases'
+    desc "Rebuild the MySQL test databases"
     task :rebuild => [:drop, :build]
   end
 
   namespace :postgresql do
-    desc 'Build the PostgreSQL test databases'
+    desc "Build the PostgreSQL test databases"
     task :build do
-      config = ARTest.config['connections']['postgresql']
-      %x( createdb -E UTF8 -T template0 #{config['arunit']['database']} )
-      %x( createdb -E UTF8 -T template0 #{config['arunit2']['database']} )
+      config = ARTest.config["connections"]["postgresql"]
+      %x( createdb -E UTF8 -T template0 #{config["arunit"]["database"]} )
+      %x( createdb -E UTF8 -T template0 #{config["arunit2"]["database"]} )
 
       # prepare hstore
       if %x( createdb --version ).strip.gsub(/(.*)(\d\.\d\.\d)$/, "\\2") < "9.1.0"
@@ -118,28 +118,28 @@ namespace :db do
       end
     end
 
-    desc 'Drop the PostgreSQL test databases'
+    desc "Drop the PostgreSQL test databases"
     task :drop do
-      config = ARTest.config['connections']['postgresql']
-      %x( dropdb #{config['arunit']['database']} )
-      %x( dropdb #{config['arunit2']['database']} )
+      config = ARTest.config["connections"]["postgresql"]
+      %x( dropdb #{config["arunit"]["database"]} )
+      %x( dropdb #{config["arunit2"]["database"]} )
     end
 
-    desc 'Rebuild the PostgreSQL test databases'
+    desc "Rebuild the PostgreSQL test databases"
     task :rebuild => [:drop, :build]
   end
 end
 
-task :build_mysql_databases => 'db:mysql:build'
-task :drop_mysql_databases => 'db:mysql:drop'
-task :rebuild_mysql_databases => 'db:mysql:rebuild'
+task :build_mysql_databases => "db:mysql:build"
+task :drop_mysql_databases => "db:mysql:drop"
+task :rebuild_mysql_databases => "db:mysql:rebuild"
 
-task :build_postgresql_databases => 'db:postgresql:build'
-task :drop_postgresql_databases => 'db:postgresql:drop'
-task :rebuild_postgresql_databases => 'db:postgresql:rebuild'
+task :build_postgresql_databases => "db:postgresql:build"
+task :drop_postgresql_databases => "db:postgresql:drop"
+task :rebuild_postgresql_databases => "db:postgresql:rebuild"
 
 task :lines do
-  load File.expand_path('..', File.dirname(__FILE__)) + '/tools/line_statistics'
+  load File.expand_path("..", File.dirname(__FILE__)) + "/tools/line_statistics"
   files = FileList["lib/active_record/**/*.rb"]
   CodeTools::LineStatistics.new(files).print_loc
 end
diff --git a/activerecord/bin/test b/activerecord/bin/test
index 7417b068bf..822e303ad8 100755
--- a/activerecord/bin/test
+++ b/activerecord/bin/test
@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ module Minitest
   end
 end
 
-Minitest.extensions.unshift 'active_record'
+Minitest.extensions.unshift "active_record"
 
 exit Minitest.run(ARGV)
diff --git a/activerecord/examples/performance.rb b/activerecord/examples/performance.rb
index c3c46c19c5..cb9ee58f59 100644
--- a/activerecord/examples/performance.rb
+++ b/activerecord/examples/performance.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 require "active_record"
-require 'benchmark/ips'
+require "benchmark/ips"
 
-TIME    = (ENV['BENCHMARK_TIME'] || 20).to_i
-RECORDS = (ENV['BENCHMARK_RECORDS'] || TIME*1000).to_i
+TIME    = (ENV["BENCHMARK_TIME"] || 20).to_i
+RECORDS = (ENV["BENCHMARK_RECORDS"] || TIME*1000).to_i
 
-conn = { adapter: 'sqlite3', database: ':memory:' }
+conn = { adapter: "sqlite3", database: ":memory:" }
 
 ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(conn)
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ end
 
 def progress_bar(int); print "." if (int%100).zero? ; end
 
-puts 'Generating data...'
+puts "Generating data..."
 
 module ActiveRecord
   class Faker
@@ -57,11 +57,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
      Praesent varius tincidunt commodo}.split
 
     def self.name
-      LOREM.grep(/^\w*$/).sort_by { rand }.first(2).join ' '
+      LOREM.grep(/^\w*$/).sort_by { rand }.first(2).join " "
     end
 
     def self.email
-      LOREM.grep(/^\w*$/).sort_by { rand }.first(2).join('@') + ".com"
+      LOREM.grep(/^\w*$/).sort_by { rand }.first(2).join("@") + ".com"
     end
   end
 end
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ end
 
 # Using the same paragraph for all exhibits because it is very slow
 # to generate unique paragraphs for all exhibits.
-notes = ActiveRecord::Faker::LOREM.join ' '
+notes = ActiveRecord::Faker::LOREM.join " "
 today = Date.today
 
 puts "Inserting #{RECORDS} users and exhibits..."
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ puts "Done!\n"
 
 Benchmark.ips(TIME) do |x|
   ar_obj       = Exhibit.find(1)
-  attrs        = { name: 'sam' }
-  attrs_first  = { name: 'sam' }
-  attrs_second = { name: 'tom' }
+  attrs        = { name: "sam" }
+  attrs_first  = { name: "sam" }
+  attrs_second = { name: "tom" }
   exhibit      = {
     name: ActiveRecord::Faker.name,
     notes: notes,
@@ -108,19 +108,19 @@ Benchmark.ips(TIME) do |x|
     ar_obj.id
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.new (instantiation)' do
+  x.report "Model.new (instantiation)" do
     Exhibit.new
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.new (setting attributes)' do
+  x.report "Model.new (setting attributes)" do
     Exhibit.new(attrs)
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.first' do
+  x.report "Model.first" do
     Exhibit.first.look
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.take' do 
+  x.report "Model.take" do 
     Exhibit.take
   end
   
@@ -140,36 +140,36 @@ Benchmark.ips(TIME) do |x|
     Exhibit.look Exhibit.limit(10000)
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.named_scope' do
+  x.report "Model.named_scope" do
     Exhibit.limit(10).with_name.with_notes
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.create' do
+  x.report "Model.create" do
     Exhibit.create(exhibit)
   end
 
-  x.report 'Resource#attributes=' do
+  x.report "Resource#attributes=" do
     e = Exhibit.new(attrs_first)
     e.attributes = attrs_second
   end
 
-  x.report 'Resource#update' do
-    Exhibit.first.update(name: 'bob')
+  x.report "Resource#update" do
+    Exhibit.first.update(name: "bob")
   end
 
-  x.report 'Resource#destroy' do
+  x.report "Resource#destroy" do
     Exhibit.first.destroy
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.transaction' do
+  x.report "Model.transaction" do
     Exhibit.transaction { Exhibit.new }
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.find(id)' do
+  x.report "Model.find(id)" do
     User.find(1)
   end
 
-  x.report 'Model.find_by_sql' do
+  x.report "Model.find_by_sql" do
     Exhibit.find_by_sql("SELECT * FROM exhibits WHERE id = #{(rand * 1000 + 1).to_i}").first
   end
 
diff --git a/activerecord/examples/simple.rb b/activerecord/examples/simple.rb
index 5a041e8417..c3648fee48 100644
--- a/activerecord/examples/simple.rb
+++ b/activerecord/examples/simple.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-require 'active_record'
+require "active_record"
 
 class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-  establish_connection adapter: 'sqlite3', database: 'foobar.db'
+  establish_connection adapter: "sqlite3", database: "foobar.db"
   connection.create_table table_name, force: true do |t|
     t.string :name
   end
 end
 
-bob = Person.create!(name: 'bob')
+bob = Person.create!(name: "bob")
 puts Person.all.inspect
 bob.destroy
 puts Person.all.inspect
diff --git a/activesupport/Rakefile b/activesupport/Rakefile
index 7b56e36abf..de3467529d 100644
--- a/activesupport/Rakefile
+++ b/activesupport/Rakefile
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 task :default => :test
 
 task :package
 
 Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
-  t.libs << 'test'
-  t.pattern = 'test/**/*_test.rb'
+  t.libs << "test"
+  t.pattern = "test/**/*_test.rb"
   t.warning = true
   t.verbose = true
   t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ end
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
     Dir.glob("test/**/*_test.rb").all? do |file|
-      sh(Gem.ruby, '-w', '-Ilib:test', file)
+      sh(Gem.ruby, "-w", "-Ilib:test", file)
     end or raise "Failures"
   end
 end
diff --git a/activesupport/bin/generate_tables b/activesupport/bin/generate_tables
index 2193533588..c5ed991d94 100755
--- a/activesupport/bin/generate_tables
+++ b/activesupport/bin/generate_tables
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
 
 begin
-  $:.unshift(File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../lib'))
-  require 'active_support'
+  $:.unshift(File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/../lib"))
+  require "active_support"
 rescue IOError
 end
 
-require 'open-uri'
-require 'tmpdir'
+require "open-uri"
+require "tmpdir"
 
 module ActiveSupport
   module Multibyte
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ module ActiveSupport
       class DatabaseGenerator
         BASE_URI = "http://www.unicode.org/Public/#{UNICODE_VERSION}/ucd/"
         SOURCES = {
-          :codepoints => BASE_URI + 'UnicodeData.txt',
-          :composition_exclusion => BASE_URI + 'CompositionExclusions.txt',
-          :grapheme_break_property => BASE_URI + 'auxiliary/GraphemeBreakProperty.txt',
-          :cp1252 => 'http://unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP1252.TXT'
+          :codepoints => BASE_URI + "UnicodeData.txt",
+          :composition_exclusion => BASE_URI + "CompositionExclusions.txt",
+          :grapheme_break_property => BASE_URI + "auxiliary/GraphemeBreakProperty.txt",
+          :cp1252 => "http://unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/MICSFT/WINDOWS/CP1252.TXT"
         }
 
         def initialize
@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ module ActiveSupport
           codepoint.code              = $1.hex
           codepoint.combining_class   = Integer($4)
           codepoint.decomp_type       = $7
-          codepoint.decomp_mapping    = ($8=='') ? nil : $8.split.collect(&:hex)
-          codepoint.uppercase_mapping = ($16=='') ? 0 : $16.hex
-          codepoint.lowercase_mapping = ($17=='') ? 0 : $17.hex
+          codepoint.decomp_mapping    = ($8=="") ? nil : $8.split.collect(&:hex)
+          codepoint.uppercase_mapping = ($16=="") ? 0 : $16.hex
+          codepoint.lowercase_mapping = ($17=="") ? 0 : $17.hex
           @ucd.codepoints[codepoint.code] = codepoint
         end
 
@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ module ActiveSupport
           if line =~ /^([0-9A-F.]+)\s*;\s*([\w]+)\s*#/
             type = $2.downcase.intern
             @ucd.boundary[type] ||= []
-            if $1.include? '..'
-              parts = $1.split '..'
+            if $1.include? ".."
+              parts = $1.split ".."
               @ucd.boundary[type] << (parts[0].hex..parts[1].hex)
             else
               @ucd.boundary[type] << $1.hex
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
             filename =  File.join(Dir.tmpdir, "#{url.split('/').last}")
             unless File.exist?(filename)
               $stderr.puts "Downloading #{url.split('/').last}"
-              File.open(filename, 'wb') do |target|
+              File.open(filename, "wb") do |target|
                 open(url) do |source|
                   source.each_line { |line| target.write line }
                 end
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
         end
 
         def dump_to(filename)
-          File.open(filename, 'wb') do |f|
+          File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
             f.write Marshal.dump([@ucd.codepoints, @ucd.composition_exclusion, @ucd.composition_map, @ucd.boundary, @ucd.cp1252])
           end
         end
diff --git a/railties/Rakefile b/railties/Rakefile
index db23bbabaa..edc405f605 100644
--- a/railties/Rakefile
+++ b/railties/Rakefile
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-require 'rake/testtask'
+require "rake/testtask"
 
 task :default => :test
 
 task :package
 
 desc "Run all unit tests"
-task :test => 'test:isolated'
+task :test => "test:isolated"
 
 namespace :test do
   task :isolated do
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ namespace :test do
     Dir[*test_files].each do |file|
       next true if file.include?("fixtures")
       dash_i = [
-        'test',
-        'lib',
+        "test",
+        "lib",
         "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../activesupport/lib",
         "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../actionpack/lib",
         "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../activemodel/lib"
@@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ namespace :test do
   end
 end
 
-Rake::TestTask.new('test:regular') do |t|
-  t.libs << 'test' << "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../activesupport/lib"
-  t.pattern = 'test/**/*_test.rb'
+Rake::TestTask.new("test:regular") do |t|
+  t.libs << "test" << "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../activesupport/lib"
+  t.pattern = "test/**/*_test.rb"
   t.warning = false
   t.verbose = true
   t.ruby_opts = ["--dev"] if defined?(JRUBY_VERSION)
diff --git a/railties/exe/rails b/railties/exe/rails
index 82c17cabce..7e791c1f99 100755
--- a/railties/exe/rails
+++ b/railties/exe/rails
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env ruby
 
-git_path = File.expand_path('../../../.git', __FILE__)
+git_path = File.expand_path("../../../.git", __FILE__)
 
 if File.exist?(git_path)
-  railties_path = File.expand_path('../../lib', __FILE__)
+  railties_path = File.expand_path("../../lib", __FILE__)
   $:.unshift(railties_path)
 end
 require "rails/cli"