applies new string literal convention in actionpack/lib

The current code base is not uniform. After some discussion,
we have chosen to go with double quotes by default.

96 files changed, 571 insertions, 571 deletions

diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller.rb
index 1e57cbaac4..8bd965b198 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'action_pack'
-require 'active_support/rails'
-require 'active_support/i18n'
+require "action_pack"
+require "active_support/rails"
+require "active_support/i18n"
 
 module AbstractController
   extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb
index aa06f70433..8e588812f8 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'erubis'
-require 'abstract_controller/error'
-require 'active_support/configurable'
-require 'active_support/descendants_tracker'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal'
+require "erubis"
+require "abstract_controller/error"
+require "active_support/configurable"
+require "active_support/descendants_tracker"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal"
 
 module AbstractController
   # Raised when a non-existing controller action is triggered.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ module AbstractController
       # ==== Returns
       # * <tt>String</tt>
       def controller_path
-        @controller_path ||= name.sub(/Controller$/, ''.freeze).underscore unless anonymous?
+        @controller_path ||= name.sub(/Controller$/, "".freeze).underscore unless anonymous?
       end
 
       # Refresh the cached action_methods when a new action_method is added.
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb
index 0dea50889a..a37ee9ec97 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module AbstractController
       extend ConfigMethods
 
       config_accessor :default_static_extension
-      self.default_static_extension ||= '.html'
+      self.default_static_extension ||= ".html"
 
       config_accessor :perform_caching
       self.perform_caching = true if perform_caching.nil?
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb
index 3ef8da86fa..0a5c39dac6 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ module AbstractController
       #   impossible to skip a callback defined using an anonymous proc
       #   using #skip_action_callback.
       def skip_action_callback(*names)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`skip_action_callback` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use skip_before_action, skip_after_action or skip_around_action instead.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`skip_action_callback` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use skip_before_action, skip_after_action or skip_around_action instead.")
         skip_before_action(*names, raise: false)
         skip_after_action(*names, raise: false)
         skip_around_action(*names, raise: false)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb
index ab4355296b..e7f5863f1c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/dependencies'
+require "active_support/dependencies"
 
 module AbstractController
   module Helpers
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ module AbstractController
       end
 
       def default_helper_module!
-        module_name = name.sub(/Controller$/, ''.freeze)
+        module_name = name.sub(/Controller$/, "".freeze)
         module_path = module_name.underscore
         helper module_path
       rescue LoadError => e
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb
index 4ba2c26949..2cb22cb53d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'abstract_controller/error'
-require 'active_support/concern'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute'
-require 'action_view'
-require 'action_view/view_paths'
-require 'set'
+require "abstract_controller/error"
+require "active_support/concern"
+require "active_support/core_ext/class/attribute"
+require "action_view"
+require "action_view/view_paths"
+require "set"
 
 module AbstractController
   class DoubleRenderError < Error
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb
index 56b8ce895e..9e3858802a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ module AbstractController
     # to translate many keys within the same controller / action and gives you a
     # simple framework for scoping them consistently.
     def translate(key, options = {})
-      if key.to_s.first == '.'
-        path = controller_path.tr('/', '.')
+      if key.to_s.first == "."
+        path = controller_path.tr("/", ".")
         defaults = [:"#{path}#{key}"]
         defaults << options[:default] if options[:default]
         options[:default] = defaults
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb
index 62f5905205..b9ef11a7e0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-require 'active_support/rails'
-require 'abstract_controller'
-require 'action_dispatch'
-require 'action_controller/metal/live'
-require 'action_controller/metal/strong_parameters'
+require "active_support/rails"
+require "abstract_controller"
+require "action_dispatch"
+require "action_controller/metal/live"
+require "action_controller/metal/strong_parameters"
 
 module ActionController
   extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
@@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ module ActionController
     autoload :ApiRendering
   end
 
-  autoload :TestCase,           'action_controller/test_case'
-  autoload :TemplateAssertions, 'action_controller/test_case'
+  autoload :TestCase,           "action_controller/test_case"
+  autoload :TemplateAssertions, "action_controller/test_case"
 end
 
 # Common Active Support usage in Action Controller
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/load_error'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/name_error'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/uri'
-require 'active_support/inflector'
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
+require "active_support/core_ext/load_error"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal"
+require "active_support/core_ext/name_error"
+require "active_support/core_ext/uri"
+require "active_support/inflector"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/api.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/api.rb
index 6bbebb7b4c..5cd8d77ddb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/api.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/api.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'action_view'
-require 'action_controller'
-require 'action_controller/log_subscriber'
+require "action_view"
+require "action_controller"
+require "action_controller/log_subscriber"
 
 module ActionController
   # API Controller is a lightweight version of <tt>ActionController::Base</tt>,
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
index 251289d4bb..2c7a223971 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_view'
+require "action_view"
 require "action_controller/log_subscriber"
 require "action_controller/metal/params_wrapper"
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal.rb
index f6e67b02d7..197aaa90c7 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options'
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/stack'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/request'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/response'
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/stack"
+require "action_dispatch/http/request"
+require "action_dispatch/http/response"
 
 module ActionController
   # Extend ActionDispatch middleware stack to make it aware of options
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ module ActionController
     # ==== Returns
     # * <tt>string</tt>
     def self.controller_name
-      @controller_name ||= name.demodulize.sub(/Controller$/, '').underscore
+      @controller_name ||= name.demodulize.sub(/Controller$/, "").underscore
     end
 
     def self.make_response!(request)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/conditional_get.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/conditional_get.rb
index e21449f376..abc102f30c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/conditional_get.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/conditional_get.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
 
 module ActionController
   module ConditionalGet
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/data_streaming.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/data_streaming.rb
index 6cd6130032..b598dd4d77 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/data_streaming.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/data_streaming.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
 
 module ActionController #:nodoc:
   # Methods for sending arbitrary data and for streaming files to the browser,
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
     include ActionController::Rendering
 
-    DEFAULT_SEND_FILE_TYPE        = 'application/octet-stream'.freeze #:nodoc:
-    DEFAULT_SEND_FILE_DISPOSITION = 'attachment'.freeze #:nodoc:
+    DEFAULT_SEND_FILE_TYPE        = "application/octet-stream".freeze #:nodoc:
+    DEFAULT_SEND_FILE_DISPOSITION = "attachment".freeze #:nodoc:
 
     protected
       # Sends the file. This uses a server-appropriate method (such as X-Sendfile)
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         else
           if !type_provided && options[:filename]
             # If type wasn't provided, try guessing from file extension.
-            content_type = Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(File.extname(options[:filename]).downcase.delete('.')) || content_type
+            content_type = Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(File.extname(options[:filename]).downcase.delete(".")) || content_type
           end
           self.content_type = content_type
         end
@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         unless disposition.nil?
           disposition  = disposition.to_s
           disposition += %(; filename="#{options[:filename]}") if options[:filename]
-          headers['Content-Disposition'] = disposition
+          headers["Content-Disposition"] = disposition
         end
 
-        headers['Content-Transfer-Encoding'] = 'binary'
+        headers["Content-Transfer-Encoding"] = "binary"
 
         response.sending_file = true
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/exceptions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/exceptions.rb
index 5c0ada37be..364af20b55 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/exceptions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/exceptions.rb
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module ActionController
   end
 
   class SessionOverflowError < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
-    DEFAULT_MESSAGE = 'Your session data is larger than the data column in which it is to be stored. You must increase the size of your data column if you intend to store large data.'
+    DEFAULT_MESSAGE = "Your session data is larger than the data column in which it is to be stored. You must increase the size of your data column if you intend to store large data."
 
     def initialize(message = nil)
       super(message || DEFAULT_MESSAGE)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/force_ssl.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/force_ssl.rb
index ea8e91ce24..ff250b7094 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/force_ssl.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/force_ssl.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/except'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
 
 module ActionController
   # This module provides a method which will redirect the browser to use HTTPS
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ module ActionController
     def force_ssl_redirect(host_or_options = nil)
       unless request.ssl?
         options = {
-          :protocol => 'https://',
+          :protocol => "https://",
           :host     => request.host,
           :path     => request.fullpath,
           :status   => :moved_permanently
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/head.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/head.rb
index 5e9832fd4e..d4344dc7b3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/head.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/head.rb
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ module ActionController
     # See Rack::Utils::SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE for a full list of valid +status+ symbols.
     def head(status, options = {})
       if status.is_a?(Hash)
-        msg = status[:status] ? 'The :status option' : 'The implicit :ok status'
+        msg = status[:status] ? "The :status option" : "The implicit :ok status"
         options, status = status, status.delete(:status)
 
         ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ module ActionController
       content_type = options.delete(:content_type)
 
       options.each do |key, value|
-        headers[key.to_s.dasherize.split('-').each { |v| v[0] = v[0].chr.upcase }.join('-')] = value.to_s
+        headers[key.to_s.dasherize.split("-").each { |v| v[0] = v[0].chr.upcase }.join("-")] = value.to_s
       end
 
       self.status = status
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb
index 4639348509..d10ba5d635 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'base64'
-require 'active_support/security_utils'
+require "base64"
+require "active_support/security_utils"
 
 module ActionController
   # Makes it dead easy to do HTTP Basic, Digest and Token authentication.
@@ -99,23 +99,23 @@ module ActionController
       end
 
       def has_basic_credentials?(request)
-        request.authorization.present? && (auth_scheme(request).downcase == 'basic')
+        request.authorization.present? && (auth_scheme(request).downcase == "basic")
       end
 
       def user_name_and_password(request)
-        decode_credentials(request).split(':', 2)
+        decode_credentials(request).split(":", 2)
       end
 
       def decode_credentials(request)
-        ::Base64.decode64(auth_param(request) || '')
+        ::Base64.decode64(auth_param(request) || "")
       end
 
       def auth_scheme(request)
-        request.authorization.to_s.split(' ', 2).first
+        request.authorization.to_s.split(" ", 2).first
       end
 
       def auth_param(request)
-        request.authorization.to_s.split(' ', 2).second
+        request.authorization.to_s.split(" ", 2).second
       end
 
       def encode_credentials(user_name, password)
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ module ActionController
           password = password_procedure.call(credentials[:username])
           return false unless password
 
-          method = request.get_header('rack.methodoverride.original_method') || request.get_header('REQUEST_METHOD')
+          method = request.get_header("rack.methodoverride.original_method") || request.get_header("REQUEST_METHOD")
           uri    = credentials[:uri]
 
           [true, false].any? do |trailing_question_mark|
@@ -226,17 +226,17 @@ module ActionController
       # of a plain-text password.
       def expected_response(http_method, uri, credentials, password, password_is_ha1=true)
         ha1 = password_is_ha1 ? password : ha1(credentials, password)
-        ha2 = ::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([http_method.to_s.upcase, uri].join(':'))
-        ::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([ha1, credentials[:nonce], credentials[:nc], credentials[:cnonce], credentials[:qop], ha2].join(':'))
+        ha2 = ::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([http_method.to_s.upcase, uri].join(":"))
+        ::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([ha1, credentials[:nonce], credentials[:nc], credentials[:cnonce], credentials[:qop], ha2].join(":"))
       end
 
       def ha1(credentials, password)
-        ::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([credentials[:username], credentials[:realm], password].join(':'))
+        ::Digest::MD5.hexdigest([credentials[:username], credentials[:realm], password].join(":"))
       end
 
       def encode_credentials(http_method, credentials, password, password_is_ha1)
         credentials[:response] = expected_response(http_method, credentials[:uri], credentials, password, password_is_ha1)
-        "Digest " + credentials.sort_by {|x| x[0].to_s }.map {|v| "#{v[0]}='#{v[1]}'" }.join(', ')
+        "Digest " + credentials.sort_by {|x| x[0].to_s }.map {|v| "#{v[0]}='#{v[1]}'" }.join(", ")
       end
 
       def decode_credentials_header(request)
@@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ module ActionController
       end
 
       def decode_credentials(header)
-        ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess[header.to_s.gsub(/^Digest\s+/, '').split(',').map do |pair|
-          key, value = pair.split('=', 2)
-          [key.strip, value.to_s.gsub(/^"|"$/,'').delete('\'')]
+        ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess[header.to_s.gsub(/^Digest\s+/, "").split(",").map do |pair|
+          key, value = pair.split("=", 2)
+          [key.strip, value.to_s.gsub(/^"|"$/,"").delete('\'')]
         end]
       end
 
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ module ActionController
     #
     #   RewriteRule ^(.*)$ dispatch.fcgi [E=X-HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization},QSA,L]
     module Token
-      TOKEN_KEY = 'token='
+      TOKEN_KEY = "token="
       TOKEN_REGEX = /^(Token|Bearer)\s+/
       AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS = /(?:,|;|\t+)/
       extend self
@@ -476,14 +476,14 @@ module ActionController
 
       # This removes the <tt>"</tt> characters wrapping the value.
       def rewrite_param_values(array_params)
-        array_params.each { |param| (param[1] || "").gsub! %r/^"|"$/, '' }
+        array_params.each { |param| (param[1] || "").gsub! %r/^"|"$/, "" }
       end
 
       # This method takes an authorization body and splits up the key-value
       # pairs by the standardized <tt>:</tt>, <tt>;</tt>, or <tt>\t</tt>
       # delimiters defined in +AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS+.
       def raw_params(auth)
-        _raw_params = auth.sub(TOKEN_REGEX, '').split(/\s*#{AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS}\s*/)
+        _raw_params = auth.sub(TOKEN_REGEX, "").split(/\s*#{AUTHN_PAIR_DELIMITERS}\s*/)
 
         if !(_raw_params.first =~ %r{\A#{TOKEN_KEY}})
           _raw_params[0] = "#{TOKEN_KEY}#{_raw_params.first}"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb
index 6192fc0f9c..b76291d927 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/strip'
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 
 module ActionController
   # Handles implicit rendering for a controller action that does not
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb
index 624a6d5b76..bb802524b4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'benchmark'
-require 'abstract_controller/logger'
+require "benchmark"
+require "abstract_controller/logger"
 
 module ActionController
   # Adds instrumentation to several ends in ActionController::Base. It also provides
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb
index 5d395cd8bd..1839230ffb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/live.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/http/response'
-require 'delegate'
-require 'active_support/json'
+require "action_dispatch/http/response"
+require "delegate"
+require "active_support/json"
 
 module ActionController
   # Mix this module into your controller, and all actions in that controller
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/mime_responds.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/mime_responds.rb
index 2e89af1a5e..0d998632fc 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/mime_responds.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/mime_responds.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'abstract_controller/collector'
+require "abstract_controller/collector"
 
 module ActionController #:nodoc:
   module MimeResponds
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb
index c38fc40b81..4cfea386e6 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/except'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/mime_type'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous"
+require "action_dispatch/http/mime_type"
 
 module ActionController
   # Wraps the parameters hash into a nested hash. This will allow clients to
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ module ActionController
 
     EXCLUDE_PARAMETERS = %w(authenticity_token _method utf8)
 
-    require 'mutex_m'
+    require "mutex_m"
 
     class Options < Struct.new(:name, :format, :include, :exclude, :klass, :model) # :nodoc:
       include Mutex_m
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ module ActionController
       # try to find Foo::Bar::User, Foo::User and finally User.
       def _default_wrap_model #:nodoc:
         return nil if klass.anonymous?
-        model_name = klass.name.sub(/Controller$/, '').classify
+        model_name = klass.name.sub(/Controller$/, "").classify
 
         begin
           if model_klass = model_name.safe_constantize
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb
index 1735609cd9..b86fe8ceb4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'set'
+require "set"
 
 module ActionController
   # See <tt>Renderers.add</tt>
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb
index cce6fe7787..d99486f29b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/filters'
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 
 module ActionController
   module Rendering
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module ActionController
     end
 
     def render_to_body(options = {})
-      super || _render_in_priorities(options) || ' '
+      super || _render_in_priorities(options) || " "
     end
 
     private
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb
index fd7ffcfcd7..a6e24ded9e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/request_forgery_protection.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
-require 'active_support/security_utils'
+require "rack/session/abstract/id"
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
+require "active_support/security_utils"
 
 module ActionController #:nodoc:
   class InvalidAuthenticityToken < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       def protection_method_class(name)
         ActionController::RequestForgeryProtection::ProtectionMethods.const_get(name.to_s.classify)
       rescue NameError
-        raise ArgumentError, 'Invalid request forgery protection method, use :null_session, :exception, or :reset_session'
+        raise ArgumentError, "Invalid request forgery protection method, use :null_session, :exception, or :reset_session"
       end
     end
 
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       def xor_byte_strings(s1, s2)
         s2_bytes = s2.bytes
         s1.each_byte.with_index { |c1, i| s2_bytes[i] ^= c1 }
-        s2_bytes.pack('C*')
+        s2_bytes.pack("C*")
       end
 
       # The form's authenticity parameter. Override to provide your own.
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
       def normalize_action_path(action_path)
         uri = URI.parse(action_path)
-        uri.path.chomp('/')
+        uri.path.chomp("/")
       end
   end
 end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb
index 17f4030f25..2d99e4045b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       def process_action(*args)
         super
       rescue Exception => exception
-        request.env['action_dispatch.show_detailed_exceptions'] ||= show_detailed_exceptions?
+        request.env["action_dispatch.show_detailed_exceptions"] ||= show_detailed_exceptions?
         rescue_with_handler(exception) || raise
       end
   end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb
index a6115674aa..481f19f1ef 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rack/chunked'
+require "rack/chunked"
 
 module ActionController #:nodoc:
   # Allows views to be streamed back to the client as they are rendered.
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb
index f101c7b836..32ab8ca2ac 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/transform_values'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/wrap'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/filters'
-require 'active_support/rescuable'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/upload'
-require 'rack/test'
-require 'stringio'
-require 'set'
-require 'yaml'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/transform_values"
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/wrap"
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
+require "active_support/rescuable"
+require "action_dispatch/http/upload"
+require "rack/test"
+require "stringio"
+require "set"
+require "yaml"
 
 module ActionController
   # Raised when a required parameter is missing.
@@ -596,26 +596,26 @@ module ActionController
       # Wire up YAML format compatibility with Rails 4.2 and Psych 2.0.8 and 2.0.9+.
       # Makes the YAML parser call `init_with` when it encounters the keys below
       # instead of trying its own parsing routines.
-      YAML.load_tags['!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters'] = name
-      YAML.load_tags['!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters'] = name
+      YAML.load_tags["!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters"] = name
+      YAML.load_tags["!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters"] = name
     end
     hook_into_yaml_loading
 
     def init_with(coder) # :nodoc:
       case coder.tag
-      when '!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters'
+      when "!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters"
         # YAML 2.0.8's format where hash instance variables weren't stored.
         @parameters = coder.map.with_indifferent_access
         @permitted  = false
-      when '!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters'
+      when "!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters"
         # YAML 2.0.9's Hash subclass format where keys and values
         # were stored under an elements hash and `permitted` within an ivars hash.
-        @parameters = coder.map['elements'].with_indifferent_access
-        @permitted  = coder.map['ivars'][:@permitted]
-      when '!ruby/object:ActionController::Parameters'
+        @parameters = coder.map["elements"].with_indifferent_access
+        @permitted  = coder.map["ivars"][:@permitted]
+      when "!ruby/object:ActionController::Parameters"
         # YAML's Object format. Only needed because of the format
         # backwardscompability above, otherwise equivalent to YAML's initialization.
-        @parameters, @permitted = coder.map['parameters'], coder.map['permitted']
+        @parameters, @permitted = coder.map["parameters"], coder.map["permitted"]
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/renderer.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/renderer.rb
index a8c8d66682..0739f16965 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/renderer.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/renderer.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
 
 module ActionController
   # ActionController::Renderer allows you to render arbitrary templates
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ module ActionController
     attr_reader :defaults, :controller
 
     DEFAULTS = {
-      http_host: 'example.org',
+      http_host: "example.org",
       https: false,
-      method: 'get',
-      script_name: '',
-      input: ''
+      method: "get",
+      script_name: "",
+      input: ""
     }.freeze
 
     # Create a new renderer instance for a specific controller class.
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ module ActionController
 
     # Render templates with any options from ActionController::Base#render_to_string.
     def render(*args)
-      raise 'missing controller' unless controller
+      raise "missing controller" unless controller
 
       request = ActionDispatch::Request.new @env
       request.routes = controller._routes
@@ -88,17 +88,17 @@ module ActionController
       end
 
       RACK_KEY_TRANSLATION = {
-        http_host:   'HTTP_HOST',
-        https:       'HTTPS',
-        method:      'REQUEST_METHOD',
-        script_name: 'SCRIPT_NAME',
-        input:       'rack.input'
+        http_host:   "HTTP_HOST",
+        https:       "HTTPS",
+        method:      "REQUEST_METHOD",
+        script_name: "SCRIPT_NAME",
+        input:       "rack.input"
       }
 
       IDENTITY = ->(_) { _ }
 
       RACK_VALUE_TRANSLATION = {
-        https: ->(v) { v ? 'on' : 'off' },
+        https: ->(v) { v ? "on" : "off" },
         method: ->(v) { v.upcase },
       }
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
index 6c5d7b5e37..42c2e111b1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/to_query'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
-require 'action_controller/template_assertions'
-require 'rails-dom-testing'
+require "rack/session/abstract/id"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions"
+require "active_support/core_ext/object/to_query"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
+require "action_controller/template_assertions"
+require "rails-dom-testing"
 
 module ActionController
   # :stopdoc:
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ module ActionController
   # Please use ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest going forward.
   class TestRequest < ActionDispatch::TestRequest #:nodoc:
     DEFAULT_ENV = ActionDispatch::TestRequest::DEFAULT_ENV.dup
-    DEFAULT_ENV.delete 'PATH_INFO'
+    DEFAULT_ENV.delete "PATH_INFO"
 
     def self.new_session
       TestSession.new
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ module ActionController
       self.session = session
       self.session_options = TestSession::DEFAULT_OPTIONS
       @custom_param_parsers = {
-        xml: lambda { |raw_post| Hash.from_xml(raw_post)['hash'] }
+        xml: lambda { |raw_post| Hash.from_xml(raw_post)["hash"] }
       }
     end
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ module ActionController
     end
 
     def content_type=(type)
-      set_header 'CONTENT_TYPE', type
+      set_header "CONTENT_TYPE", type
     end
 
     def assign_parameters(routes, controller_path, action, parameters, generated_path, query_string_keys)
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ module ActionController
           self.content_type = ENCODER.content_type
           data = ENCODER.build_multipart non_path_parameters
         else
-          fetch_header('CONTENT_TYPE') do |k|
-            set_header k, 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+          fetch_header("CONTENT_TYPE") do |k|
+            set_header k, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
           end
 
           case content_mime_type.to_sym
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ module ActionController
           end
         end
 
-        set_header 'CONTENT_LENGTH', data.length.to_s
-        set_header 'rack.input', StringIO.new(data)
+        set_header "CONTENT_LENGTH", data.length.to_s
+        set_header "rack.input", StringIO.new(data)
       end
 
       fetch_header("PATH_INFO") do |k|
@@ -419,11 +419,11 @@ module ActionController
           `get :index, xhr: true` and `post :create, xhr: true`
         MSG
 
-        @request.env['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH'] = 'XMLHttpRequest'
-        @request.env['HTTP_ACCEPT'] ||= [Mime[:js], Mime[:html], Mime[:xml], 'text/xml', '*/*'].join(', ')
+        @request.env["HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH"] = "XMLHttpRequest"
+        @request.env["HTTP_ACCEPT"] ||= [Mime[:js], Mime[:html], Mime[:xml], "text/xml", "*/*"].join(", ")
         __send__(*args).tap do
-          @request.env.delete 'HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH'
-          @request.env.delete 'HTTP_ACCEPT'
+          @request.env.delete "HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH"
+          @request.env.delete "HTTP_ACCEPT"
         end
       end
       alias xhr :xml_http_request
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ module ActionController
           http_method, parameters, session, flash = args
           format = nil
 
-          if parameters.is_a?(String) && http_method != 'HEAD'
+          if parameters.is_a?(String) && http_method != "HEAD"
             body = parameters
             parameters = nil
           end
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ module ActionController
         end
 
         if body
-          @request.set_header 'RAW_POST_DATA', body
+          @request.set_header "RAW_POST_DATA", body
         end
 
         if http_method
@@ -495,15 +495,15 @@ module ActionController
 
         self.cookies.update @request.cookies
         self.cookies.update_cookies_from_jar
-        @request.set_header 'HTTP_COOKIE', cookies.to_header
-        @request.delete_header 'action_dispatch.cookies'
+        @request.set_header "HTTP_COOKIE", cookies.to_header
+        @request.delete_header "action_dispatch.cookies"
 
         @request          = TestRequest.new scrub_env!(@request.env), @request.session
         @response         = build_response @response_klass
         @response.request = @request
         @controller.recycle!
 
-        @request.set_header 'REQUEST_METHOD', http_method
+        @request.set_header "REQUEST_METHOD", http_method
 
         parameters = parameters.symbolize_keys
 
@@ -517,9 +517,9 @@ module ActionController
         @request.flash.update(flash || {})
 
         if xhr
-          @request.set_header 'HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH', 'XMLHttpRequest'
-          @request.fetch_header('HTTP_ACCEPT') do |k|
-            @request.set_header k, [Mime[:js], Mime[:html], Mime[:xml], 'text/xml', '*/*'].join(', ')
+          @request.set_header "HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH", "XMLHttpRequest"
+          @request.fetch_header("HTTP_ACCEPT") do |k|
+            @request.set_header k, [Mime[:js], Mime[:html], Mime[:xml], "text/xml", "*/*"].join(", ")
           end
         end
 
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ module ActionController
           @request = @controller.request
           @response = @controller.response
 
-          @request.delete_header 'HTTP_COOKIE'
+          @request.delete_header "HTTP_COOKIE"
 
           if @request.have_cookie_jar?
             unless @request.cookie_jar.committed?
@@ -545,16 +545,16 @@ module ActionController
           @response.prepare!
 
           if flash_value = @request.flash.to_session_value
-            @request.session['flash'] = flash_value
+            @request.session["flash"] = flash_value
           else
-            @request.session.delete('flash')
+            @request.session.delete("flash")
           end
 
           if xhr
-            @request.delete_header 'HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH'
-            @request.delete_header 'HTTP_ACCEPT'
+            @request.delete_header "HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH"
+            @request.delete_header "HTTP_ACCEPT"
           end
-          @request.query_string = ''
+          @request.query_string = ""
 
           @response.sent!
         end
@@ -618,9 +618,9 @@ module ActionController
       def scrub_env!(env)
         env.delete_if { |k, v| k =~ /^(action_dispatch|rack)\.request/ }
         env.delete_if { |k, v| k =~ /^action_dispatch\.rescue/ }
-        env.delete 'action_dispatch.request.query_parameters'
-        env.delete 'action_dispatch.request.request_parameters'
-        env['rack.input'] = StringIO.new
+        env.delete "action_dispatch.request.query_parameters"
+        env.delete "action_dispatch.request.request_parameters"
+        env["rack.input"] = StringIO.new
         env
       end
 
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ module ActionController
 
       def html_format?(parameters)
         return true unless parameters.key?(:format)
-        Mime.fetch(parameters[:format]) { Mime['html'] }.html?
+        Mime.fetch(parameters[:format]) { Mime["html"] }.html?
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb
index 17aa115f15..60cee6acbd 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb
@@ -21,15 +21,15 @@
 # WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #++
 
-require 'active_support'
-require 'active_support/rails'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
+require "active_support"
+require "active_support/rails"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
 
-require 'action_pack'
-require 'rack'
+require "action_pack"
+require "rack"
 
 module Rack
-  autoload :Test, 'rack/test'
+  autoload :Test, "rack/test"
 end
 
 module ActionDispatch
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ module ActionDispatch
   end
 
   eager_autoload do
-    autoload_under 'http' do
+    autoload_under "http" do
       autoload :Request
       autoload :Response
     end
   end
 
-  autoload_under 'middleware' do
+  autoload_under "middleware" do
     autoload :RequestId
     autoload :Callbacks
     autoload :Cookies
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
   end
 
   autoload :Journey
-  autoload :MiddlewareStack, 'action_dispatch/middleware/stack'
+  autoload :MiddlewareStack, "action_dispatch/middleware/stack"
   autoload :Routing
 
   module Http
@@ -76,23 +76,23 @@ module ActionDispatch
     autoload :Parameters
     autoload :ParameterFilter
     autoload :Upload
-    autoload :UploadedFile, 'action_dispatch/http/upload'
+    autoload :UploadedFile, "action_dispatch/http/upload"
     autoload :URL
   end
 
   module Session
-    autoload :AbstractStore,     'action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store'
-    autoload :CookieStore,       'action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store'
-    autoload :MemCacheStore,     'action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store'
-    autoload :CacheStore,        'action_dispatch/middleware/session/cache_store'
+    autoload :AbstractStore,     "action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store"
+    autoload :CookieStore,       "action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store"
+    autoload :MemCacheStore,     "action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store"
+    autoload :CacheStore,        "action_dispatch/middleware/session/cache_store"
   end
 
   mattr_accessor :test_app
 
-  autoload_under 'testing' do
+  autoload_under "testing" do
     autoload :Assertions
     autoload :Integration
-    autoload :IntegrationTest, 'action_dispatch/testing/integration'
+    autoload :IntegrationTest, "action_dispatch/testing/integration"
     autoload :TestProcess
     autoload :TestRequest
     autoload :TestResponse
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
   end
 end
 
-autoload :Mime, 'action_dispatch/http/mime_type'
+autoload :Mime, "action_dispatch/http/mime_type"
 
 ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_view) do
   ActionView::Base.default_formats ||= Mime::SET.symbols
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb
index 9fa2e38ae3..40fe96c2a3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
     module Cache
       module Request
 
-        HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE = 'HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE'.freeze
-        HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH     = 'HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH'.freeze
+        HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE = "HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE".freeze
+        HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH     = "HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH".freeze
 
         def if_modified_since
           if since = get_header(HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE)
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         def etag_matches?(etag)
           if etag
             validators = if_none_match_etags
-            validators.include?(etag) || validators.include?('*')
+            validators.include?(etag) || validators.include?("*")
           end
         end
 
@@ -102,11 +102,11 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def weak_etag=(weak_validators)
-          set_header 'ETag', generate_weak_etag(weak_validators)
+          set_header "ETag", generate_weak_etag(weak_validators)
         end
 
         def strong_etag=(strong_validators)
-          set_header 'ETag', generate_strong_etag(strong_validators)
+          set_header "ETag", generate_strong_etag(strong_validators)
         end
 
         def etag?; etag; end
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       private
 
-        DATE          = 'Date'.freeze
+        DATE          = "Date".freeze
         LAST_MODIFIED = "Last-Modified".freeze
         SPECIAL_KEYS  = Set.new(%w[extras no-cache max-age public private must-revalidate])
 
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
         def cache_control_segments
           if cache_control = _cache_control
-            cache_control.delete(' ').split(',')
+            cache_control.delete(" ").split(",")
           else
             []
           end
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@ module ActionDispatch
           cache_control = {}
 
           cache_control_segments.each do |segment|
-            directive, argument = segment.split('=', 2)
+            directive, argument = segment.split("=", 2)
 
             if SPECIAL_KEYS.include? directive
-              key = directive.tr('-', '_')
+              key = directive.tr("-", "_")
               cache_control[key.to_sym] = argument || true
             else
               cache_control[:extras] ||= []
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb
index 041eca48ca..e5874a39f6 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/http/parameter_filter'
+require "action_dispatch/http/parameter_filter"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         ParameterFilter.new(filters)
       end
 
-      KV_RE   = '[^&;=]+'
+      KV_RE   = "[^&;=]+"
       PAIR_RE = %r{(#{KV_RE})=(#{KV_RE})}
       def filtered_query_string
         query_string.gsub(PAIR_RE) do |_|
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_redirect.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_redirect.rb
index f4b806b8b5..840234dbcb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_redirect.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_redirect.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
   module Http
     module FilterRedirect
 
-      FILTERED = '[FILTERED]'.freeze # :nodoc:
+      FILTERED = "[FILTERED]".freeze # :nodoc:
 
       def filtered_location # :nodoc:
         if location_filter_match?
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       def location_filters
         if request
-          request.get_header('action_dispatch.redirect_filter') || []
+          request.get_header("action_dispatch.redirect_filter") || []
         else
           []
         end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/headers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/headers.rb
index 69a934b7cd..0b0c9e9590 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/headers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/headers.rb
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       def env_name(key)
         key = key.to_s
         if key =~ HTTP_HEADER
-          key = key.upcase.tr('-', '_')
+          key = key.upcase.tr("-", "_")
           key = "HTTP_" + key unless CGI_VARIABLES.include?(key)
         end
         key
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb
index 0a58ce2b96..d8ee9c6def 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       # X-Post-Data-Format HTTP header if present.
       def content_mime_type
         fetch_header("action_dispatch.request.content_type") do |k|
-          v = if get_header('CONTENT_TYPE') =~ /^([^,\;]*)/
+          v = if get_header("CONTENT_TYPE") =~ /^([^,\;]*)/
             Mime::Type.lookup($1.strip.downcase)
           else
             nil
@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def has_content_type?
-        has_header? 'CONTENT_TYPE'
+        has_header? "CONTENT_TYPE"
       end
 
       # Returns the accepted MIME type for the request.
       def accepts
         fetch_header("action_dispatch.request.accepts") do |k|
-          header = get_header('HTTP_ACCEPT').to_s.strip
+          header = get_header("HTTP_ACCEPT").to_s.strip
 
           v = if header.empty?
             [content_mime_type]
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def format_from_path_extension
-        path = get_header('action_dispatch.original_path') || get_header('PATH_INFO')
+        path = get_header("action_dispatch.original_path") || get_header("PATH_INFO")
         if match = path && path.match(/\.(\w+)\z/)
           Mime[match.captures.first]
         end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
index 4672ea7199..3e6cfeb3d0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # -*- frozen-string-literal: true -*-
 
-require 'singleton'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/starts_ends_with'
+require "singleton"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/starts_ends_with"
 
 module Mime
   class Mimes
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ module Mime
       def initialize(index, name, q = nil)
         @index = index
         @name = name
-        q ||= 0.0 if @name == '*/*'.freeze # default wildcard match to end of list
+        q ||= 0.0 if @name == "*/*".freeze # default wildcard match to end of list
         @q = ((q || 1.0).to_f * 100).to_i
       end
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ module Mime
       def self.sort!(list)
         list.sort!
 
-        text_xml_idx = find_item_by_name list, 'text/xml'
+        text_xml_idx = find_item_by_name list, "text/xml"
         app_xml_idx = find_item_by_name list, Mime[:xml].to_s
 
         # Take care of the broken text/xml entry by renaming or deleting it
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ module Mime
             type = list[idx]
             break if type.q < app_xml.q
 
-            if type.name.ends_with? '+xml'
+            if type.name.ends_with? "+xml"
               list[app_xml_idx], list[idx] = list[idx], app_xml
               app_xml_idx = idx
             end
@@ -195,12 +195,12 @@ module Mime
       end
 
       def parse(accept_header)
-        if !accept_header.include?(',')
+        if !accept_header.include?(",")
           accept_header = accept_header.split(PARAMETER_SEPARATOR_REGEXP).first
           parse_trailing_star(accept_header) || [Mime::Type.lookup(accept_header)].compact
         else
           list, index = [], 0
-          accept_header.split(',').each do |header|
+          accept_header.split(",").each do |header|
             params, q = header.split(PARAMETER_SEPARATOR_REGEXP)
 
             next unless params
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ module Mime
     def to_a; end
 
     def method_missing(method, *args)
-      if method.to_s.ends_with? '?'
+      if method.to_s.ends_with? "?"
         method[0..-2].downcase.to_sym == to_sym
       else
         super
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ module Mime
     end
 
     def respond_to_missing?(method, include_private = false) #:nodoc:
-      method.to_s.ends_with? '?'
+      method.to_s.ends_with? "?"
     end
   end
 
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ module Mime
     include Singleton
 
     def initialize
-      super '*/*', :all
+      super "*/*", :all
     end
 
     def all?; true; end
@@ -352,14 +352,14 @@ module Mime
     def ref; end
 
     def respond_to_missing?(method, include_private = false)
-      method.to_s.ends_with? '?'
+      method.to_s.ends_with? "?"
     end
 
     private
     def method_missing(method, *args)
-      false if method.to_s.ends_with? '?'
+      false if method.to_s.ends_with? "?"
     end
   end
 end
 
-require 'action_dispatch/http/mime_types'
+require "action_dispatch/http/mime_types"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameter_filter.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameter_filter.rb
index 01f1666b9b..01fe35f5c6 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameter_filter.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameter_filter.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable'
+require "active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
     class ParameterFilter
-      FILTERED = '[FILTERED]'.freeze # :nodoc:
+      FILTERED = "[FILTERED]".freeze # :nodoc:
 
       def initialize(filters = [])
         @filters = filters
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
           deep_regexps, regexps = regexps.partition { |r| r.to_s.include?("\\.".freeze) }
           deep_strings, strings = strings.partition { |s| s.include?("\\.".freeze) }
 
-          regexps << Regexp.new(strings.join('|'.freeze), true) unless strings.empty?
-          deep_regexps << Regexp.new(deep_strings.join('|'.freeze), true) unless deep_strings.empty?
+          regexps << Regexp.new(strings.join("|".freeze), true) unless strings.empty?
+          deep_regexps << Regexp.new(deep_strings.join("|".freeze), true) unless deep_strings.empty?
 
           new regexps, deep_regexps, blocks
         end
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
             parents.push(key) if deep_regexps
             if regexps.any? { |r| key =~ r }
               value = FILTERED
-            elsif deep_regexps && (joined = parents.join('.')) && deep_regexps.any? { |r| joined =~ r }
+            elsif deep_regexps && (joined = parents.join(".")) && deep_regexps.any? { |r| joined =~ r }
               value = FILTERED
             elsif value.is_a?(Hash)
               value = call(value, parents)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameters.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameters.rb
index ea0e2ee41f..0aae14c9dd 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameters.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/parameters.rb
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     module Parameters
       extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
-      PARAMETERS_KEY = 'action_dispatch.request.path_parameters'
+      PARAMETERS_KEY = "action_dispatch.request.path_parameters"
 
       DEFAULT_PARSERS = {
         Mime[:json].symbol => -> (raw_post) {
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       alias :params :parameters
 
       def path_parameters=(parameters) #:nodoc:
-        delete_header('action_dispatch.request.parameters')
+        delete_header("action_dispatch.request.parameters")
 
         # If any of the path parameters has an invalid encoding then
         # raise since it's likely to trigger errors further on.
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
index 954dd4f354..46409a325e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-require 'stringio'
-
-require 'active_support/inflector'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/headers'
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
-require 'rack/request'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/cache'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/parameters'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/upload'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/url'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/conversions'
+require "stringio"
+
+require "active_support/inflector"
+require "action_dispatch/http/headers"
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
+require "rack/request"
+require "action_dispatch/http/cache"
+require "action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation"
+require "action_dispatch/http/parameters"
+require "action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters"
+require "action_dispatch/http/upload"
+require "action_dispatch/http/url"
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/conversions"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   class Request
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
     include ActionDispatch::Http::URL
     include Rack::Request::Env
 
-    autoload :Session, 'action_dispatch/request/session'
-    autoload :Utils,   'action_dispatch/request/utils'
+    autoload :Session, "action_dispatch/request/session"
+    autoload :Utils,   "action_dispatch/request/utils"
 
     LOCALHOST   = Regexp.union [/^127\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}$/, /^::1$/, /^0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1(%.*)?$/]
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
     PASS_NOT_FOUND = Class.new { # :nodoc:
       def self.action(_); self; end
-      def self.call(_); [404, {'X-Cascade' => 'pass'}, []]; end
+      def self.call(_); [404, {"X-Cascade" => "pass"}, []]; end
     }
 
     def controller_class
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       if params.key?(:controller)
         controller_param = params[:controller].underscore
-        params[:action] ||= 'index'
+        params[:action] ||= "index"
         const_name = "#{controller_param.camelize}Controller"
         ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constantize(const_name)
       else
@@ -148,11 +148,11 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def controller_instance # :nodoc:
-      get_header('action_controller.instance'.freeze)
+      get_header("action_controller.instance".freeze)
     end
 
     def controller_instance=(controller) # :nodoc:
-      set_header('action_controller.instance'.freeze, controller)
+      set_header("action_controller.instance".freeze, controller)
     end
 
     def http_auth_salt
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       # We're treating `nil` as "unset", and we want the default setting to be
       # `true`.  This logic should be extracted to `env_config` and calculated
       # once.
-      !(get_header('action_dispatch.show_exceptions'.freeze) == false)
+      !(get_header("action_dispatch.show_exceptions".freeze) == false)
     end
 
     # Returns a symbol form of the #request_method
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     # even if it was overridden by middleware. See #request_method for
     # more information.
     def method
-      @method ||= check_method(get_header("rack.methodoverride.original_method") || get_header('REQUEST_METHOD'))
+      @method ||= check_method(get_header("rack.methodoverride.original_method") || get_header("REQUEST_METHOD"))
     end
 
     # Returns a symbol form of the #method
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     # (case-insensitive), which may need to be manually added depending on the
     # choice of JavaScript libraries and frameworks.
     def xml_http_request?
-      get_header('HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH') =~ /XMLHttpRequest/i
+      get_header("HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH") =~ /XMLHttpRequest/i
     end
     alias :xhr? :xml_http_request?
 
@@ -276,24 +276,24 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
     # Returns the lowercase name of the HTTP server software.
     def server_software
-      (get_header('SERVER_SOFTWARE') && /^([a-zA-Z]+)/ =~ get_header('SERVER_SOFTWARE')) ? $1.downcase : nil
+      (get_header("SERVER_SOFTWARE") && /^([a-zA-Z]+)/ =~ get_header("SERVER_SOFTWARE")) ? $1.downcase : nil
     end
 
     # Read the request \body. This is useful for web services that need to
     # work with raw requests directly.
     def raw_post
-      unless has_header? 'RAW_POST_DATA'
+      unless has_header? "RAW_POST_DATA"
         raw_post_body = body
-        set_header('RAW_POST_DATA', raw_post_body.read(content_length))
+        set_header("RAW_POST_DATA", raw_post_body.read(content_length))
         raw_post_body.rewind if raw_post_body.respond_to?(:rewind)
       end
-      get_header 'RAW_POST_DATA'
+      get_header "RAW_POST_DATA"
     end
 
     # The request body is an IO input stream. If the RAW_POST_DATA environment
     # variable is already set, wrap it in a StringIO.
     def body
-      if raw_post = get_header('RAW_POST_DATA')
+      if raw_post = get_header("RAW_POST_DATA")
         raw_post.force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY)
         StringIO.new(raw_post)
       else
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def body_stream #:nodoc:
-      get_header('rack.input')
+      get_header("rack.input")
     end
 
     # TODO This should be broken apart into AD::Request::Session and probably
@@ -367,10 +367,10 @@ module ActionDispatch
     # Returns the authorization header regardless of whether it was specified directly or through one of the
     # proxy alternatives.
     def authorization
-      get_header('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION')   ||
-      get_header('X-HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') ||
-      get_header('X_HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') ||
-      get_header('REDIRECT_X_HTTP_AUTHORIZATION')
+      get_header("HTTP_AUTHORIZATION")   ||
+      get_header("X-HTTP_AUTHORIZATION") ||
+      get_header("X_HTTP_AUTHORIZATION") ||
+      get_header("REDIRECT_X_HTTP_AUTHORIZATION")
     end
 
     # True if the request came from localhost, 127.0.0.1, or ::1.
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def ssl?
-      super || scheme == 'wss'.freeze
+      super || scheme == "wss".freeze
     end
 
     private
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
index 1515d59df3..2b4e43d175 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/filter_redirect'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/cache'
-require 'monitor'
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
+require "action_dispatch/http/filter_redirect"
+require "action_dispatch/http/cache"
+require "monitor"
 
 module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
   # Represents an HTTP response generated by a controller action. Use it to
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
 
       def []=(k,v)
         if @response.sending? || @response.sent?
-          raise ActionDispatch::IllegalStateError, 'header already sent'
+          raise ActionDispatch::IllegalStateError, "header already sent"
         end
 
         super
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
 
       def body
         @str_body ||= begin
-          buf = ''
+          buf = ""
             each { |chunk| buf << chunk }
           buf
         end
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
 
       # Stream the file's contents if Rack::Sendfile isn't present.
       def each
-        File.open(to_path, 'rb') do |file|
+        File.open(to_path, "rb") do |file|
           while chunk = file.read(16384)
             yield chunk
           end
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
       if header = get_header(SET_COOKIE)
         header = header.split("\n") if header.respond_to?(:to_str)
         header.each do |cookie|
-          if pair = cookie.split(';').first
+          if pair = cookie.split(";").first
             key, value = pair.split("=").map { |v| Rack::Utils.unescape(v) }
             cookies[key] = value
           end
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
     end
 
     def set_content_type(content_type, charset)
-      type = (content_type || '').dup
+      type = (content_type || "").dup
       type << "; charset=#{charset}" if charset
       set_header CONTENT_TYPE, type
     end
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
       end
 
       def respond_to?(method, include_private = false)
-        if method.to_s == 'to_path'
+        if method.to_s == "to_path"
           @response.stream.respond_to?(method)
         else
           super
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
     def handle_no_content!
       if NO_CONTENT_CODES.include?(@status)
         @header.delete CONTENT_TYPE
-        @header.delete 'Content-Length'
+        @header.delete "Content-Length"
       end
     end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb
index a221f4c5af..9aa73c862b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       def initialize(hash) # :nodoc:
         @tempfile          = hash[:tempfile]
-        raise(ArgumentError, ':tempfile is required') unless @tempfile
+        raise(ArgumentError, ":tempfile is required") unless @tempfile
 
         @original_filename = hash[:filename]
         if @original_filename
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/url.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/url.rb
index 7a1350a46d..2087ad02cd 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/url.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/url.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         #    # Second-level domain example
         #    extract_subdomain('dev.www.example.co.uk', 2) # => "dev.www"
         def extract_subdomain(host, tld_length)
-          extract_subdomains(host, tld_length).join('.')
+          extract_subdomains(host, tld_length).join(".")
         end
 
         def url_for(options)
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           port     = options[:port]
 
           unless host
-            raise ArgumentError, 'Missing host to link to! Please provide the :host parameter, set default_url_options[:host], or set :only_path to true'
+            raise ArgumentError, "Missing host to link to! Please provide the :host parameter, set default_url_options[:host], or set :only_path to true"
           end
 
           build_host_url(host, port, protocol, options, path_for(options))
@@ -92,17 +92,17 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def extract_domain_from(host, tld_length)
-          host.split('.').last(1 + tld_length).join('.')
+          host.split(".").last(1 + tld_length).join(".")
         end
 
         def extract_subdomains_from(host, tld_length)
-          parts = host.split('.')
+          parts = host.split(".")
           parts[0..-(tld_length + 2)]
         end
 
         def add_trailing_slash(path)
           # includes querysting
-          if path.include?('?')
+          if path.include?("?")
             path.sub!(/\?/, '/\&')
           # does not have a .format
           elsif !path.include?(".")
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           if subdomain == true
             return _host if domain.nil?
 
-            host << extract_subdomains_from(_host, tld_length).join('.')
+            host << extract_subdomains_from(_host, tld_length).join(".")
           elsif subdomain
             host << subdomain.to_param
           end
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #   req = Request.new 'HTTP_HOST' => 'example.com', 'HTTPS' => 'on'
       #   req.protocol # => "https://"
       def protocol
-        @protocol ||= ssl? ? 'https://' : 'http://'
+        @protocol ||= ssl? ? "https://" : "http://"
       end
 
       # Returns the \host and port for this request, such as "example.com:8080".
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         if forwarded = x_forwarded_host.presence
           forwarded.split(/,\s?/).last
         else
-          get_header('HTTP_HOST') || "#{server_name || server_addr}:#{get_header('SERVER_PORT')}"
+          get_header("HTTP_HOST") || "#{server_name || server_addr}:#{get_header('SERVER_PORT')}"
         end
       end
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #   req = Request.new 'HTTP_HOST' => 'example.com:8080'
       #   req.host # => "example.com"
       def host
-        raw_host_with_port.sub(/:\d+$/, ''.freeze)
+        raw_host_with_port.sub(/:\d+$/, "".freeze)
       end
 
       # Returns a \host:\port string for this request, such as "example.com" or
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #   req.standard_port # => 80
       def standard_port
         case protocol
-          when 'https://' then 443
+          when "https://" then 443
           else 80
         end
       end
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #   req = Request.new 'HTTP_HOST' => 'example.com:8080'
       #   req.port_string # => ":8080"
       def port_string
-        standard_port? ? '' : ":#{port}"
+        standard_port? ? "" : ":#{port}"
       end
 
       # Returns the requested port, such as 8080, based on SERVER_PORT
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #   req = Request.new 'SERVER_PORT' => '8080'
       #   req.server_port # => 8080
       def server_port
-        get_header('SERVER_PORT').to_i
+        get_header("SERVER_PORT").to_i
       end
 
       # Returns the \domain part of a \host, such as "rubyonrails.org" in "www.rubyonrails.org". You can specify
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey.rb
index ad42713482..d1cfc51f3e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/router'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/gtg/builder'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/gtg/simulator'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/nfa/builder'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/nfa/simulator'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/router"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/gtg/builder"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/gtg/simulator"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/nfa/builder"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/nfa/simulator"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/formatter.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/formatter.rb
index 200477b002..d3d79f8750 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/formatter.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/formatter.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/builder.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/builder.rb
index 450588cda6..9990c66627 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/builder.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/builder.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           when Nodes::Unary
             nullable?(node.left)
           else
-            raise ArgumentError, 'unknown nullable: %s' % node.class.name
+            raise ArgumentError, "unknown nullable: %s" % node.class.name
           end
         end
 
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           when Nodes::Terminal
             nullable?(node) ? [] : [node]
           else
-            raise ArgumentError, 'unknown firstpos: %s' % node.class.name
+            raise ArgumentError, "unknown firstpos: %s" % node.class.name
           end
         end
 
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           when Nodes::Unary
             lastpos(node.left)
           else
-            raise ArgumentError, 'unknown lastpos: %s' % node.class.name
+            raise ArgumentError, "unknown lastpos: %s" % node.class.name
           end
         end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/simulator.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/simulator.rb
index 94b0a24344..d692f6415c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/simulator.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/simulator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'strscan'
+require "strscan"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table.rb
index d7ce6042c2..0be18dc26f 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/nfa/dot'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/nfa/dot"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
@@ -72,20 +72,20 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def to_svg
-          svg = IO.popen('dot -Tsvg', 'w+') { |f|
+          svg = IO.popen("dot -Tsvg", "w+") { |f|
             f.write(to_dot)
             f.close_write
             f.readlines
           }
           3.times { svg.shift }
-          svg.join.sub(/width="[^"]*"/, '').sub(/height="[^"]*"/, '')
+          svg.join.sub(/width="[^"]*"/, "").sub(/height="[^"]*"/, "")
         end
 
-        def visualizer(paths, title = 'FSM')
-          viz_dir   = File.join File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'visualizer'
-          fsm_js    = File.read File.join(viz_dir, 'fsm.js')
-          fsm_css   = File.read File.join(viz_dir, 'fsm.css')
-          erb       = File.read File.join(viz_dir, 'index.html.erb')
+        def visualizer(paths, title = "FSM")
+          viz_dir   = File.join File.dirname(__FILE__), "..", "visualizer"
+          fsm_js    = File.read File.join(viz_dir, "fsm.js")
+          fsm_css   = File.read File.join(viz_dir, "fsm.css")
+          erb       = File.read File.join(viz_dir, "index.html.erb")
           states    = "function tt() { return #{to_json}; }"
 
           fun_routes = paths.sample(3).map do |ast|
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ module ActionDispatch
               case n
               when Nodes::Symbol
                 case n.left
-                when ':id' then rand(100).to_s
-                when ':format' then %w{ xml json }.sample
+                when ":id" then rand(100).to_s
+                when ":format" then %w{ xml json }.sample
                 else
-                  'omg'
+                  "omg"
                 end
               when Nodes::Terminal then n.symbol
               else
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           svg         = svg
           javascripts = javascripts
 
-          require 'erb'
+          require "erb"
           template = ERB.new erb
           template.result(binding)
         end
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
             when Regexp
               @regexp_states
             else
-              raise ArgumentError, 'unknown symbol: %s' % sym.class
+              raise ArgumentError, "unknown symbol: %s" % sym.class
             end
           end
       end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/builder.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/builder.rb
index ee6494c3e4..19e5752ae5 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/builder.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/builder.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/nfa/transition_table'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/nfa/transition_table"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/gtg/transition_table"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/simulator.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/simulator.rb
index b23270db3c..324d0eed15 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/simulator.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/simulator.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'strscan'
+require "strscan"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/transition_table.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/transition_table.rb
index 0ccab21801..4737adc724 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/transition_table.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nfa/transition_table.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/nfa/dot'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/nfa/dot"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node.rb
index 2793c5668d..0d874a84c9 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/visitors'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/visitors"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def to_s
-          Visitors::String::INSTANCE.accept(self, '')
+          Visitors::String::INSTANCE.accept(self, "")
         end
 
         def to_dot
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def name
-          left.tr '*:'.freeze, ''.freeze
+          left.tr "*:".freeze, "".freeze
         end
 
         def type
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         def initialize(left)
           super
           @regexp = DEFAULT_EXP
-          @name = left.tr '*:'.freeze, ''.freeze
+          @name = left.tr "*:".freeze, "".freeze
         end
 
         def default_regexp?
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         def type; :STAR; end
 
         def name
-          left.name.tr '*:', ''
+          left.name.tr "*:", ""
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser.rb
index 9012297400..65805cd51b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser.rb
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 # from Racc grammer file "".
 #
 
-require 'racc/parser.rb'
+require "racc/parser.rb"
 
 
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/parser_extras'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/parser_extras"
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey
     class Parser < Racc::Parser
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ end
 # reduce 14 omitted
 
 def _reduce_15(val, _values)
- Slash.new('/')
+ Slash.new("/")
 end
 
 def _reduce_16(val, _values)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser_extras.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser_extras.rb
index fff0299812..ec26e634e8 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser_extras.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/parser_extras.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/scanner'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/scanner"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/nodes/node"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/path/pattern.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/path/pattern.rb
index 018b89a2b7..0f2ae00bc0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/path/pattern.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/path/pattern.rb
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           end
 
           def visit_STAR(node)
-            re = @matchers[node.left.to_sym] || '.+'
+            re = @matchers[node.left.to_sym] || ".+"
             "(#{re})"
           end
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
               if @requirements.key?(node)
                 re = /#{@requirements[node]}|/
-                @offsets.push((re.match('').length - 1) + @offsets.last)
+                @offsets.push((re.match("").length - 1) + @offsets.last)
               else
                 @offsets << @offsets.last
               end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/route.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/route.rb
index cfd6681dd1..ad33c9d30b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/route.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/route.rb
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
         class All
           def self.call(_); true; end
-          def self.verb; ''; end
+          def self.verb; ""; end
         end
 
         VERB_TO_CLASS = VERBS.each_with_object({ :all => All }) do |verb, hash|
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def verb
-        verbs.join('|')
+        verbs.join("|")
       end
 
       private
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb
index 06cdce1724..513ef08410 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/router/utils'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/routes'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/formatter'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/router/utils"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/routes"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/formatter"
 
 before = $-w
 $-w = false
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/parser'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/parser"
 $-w = before
 
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/route'
-require 'action_dispatch/journey/path/pattern'
+require "action_dispatch/journey/route"
+require "action_dispatch/journey/path/pattern"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           script_name = req.script_name
 
           unless route.path.anchored
-            req.script_name = (script_name.to_s + match.to_s).chomp('/')
+            req.script_name = (script_name.to_s + match.to_s).chomp("/")
             req.path_info = match.post_match
             req.path_info = "/" + req.path_info unless req.path_info.start_with? "/"
           end
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
           status, headers, body = route.app.serve(req)
 
-          if 'pass' == headers['X-Cascade']
+          if "pass" == headers["X-Cascade"]
             req.script_name     = script_name
             req.path_info       = path_info
             req.path_parameters = set_params
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           return [status, headers, body]
         end
 
-        return [404, {'X-Cascade' => 'pass'}, ['Not Found']]
+        return [404, {"X-Cascade" => "pass"}, ["Not Found"]]
       end
 
       def recognize(rails_req)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router/utils.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router/utils.rb
index 9793ca1c7a..e72db2e8f6 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router/utils.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router/utils.rb
@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ module ActionDispatch
         #   normalize_path("/%ab")  # => "/%AB"
         def self.normalize_path(path)
           path = "/#{path}"
-          path.squeeze!('/'.freeze)
-          path.sub!(%r{/+\Z}, ''.freeze)
+          path.squeeze!("/".freeze)
+          path.sub!(%r{/+\Z}, "".freeze)
           path.gsub!(/(%[a-f0-9]{2})/) { $1.upcase }
-          path = '/' if path == ''.freeze
+          path = "/" if path == "".freeze
           path
         end
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
           def unescape_uri(uri)
             encoding = uri.encoding == US_ASCII ? UTF_8 : uri.encoding
-            uri.gsub(ESCAPED) { |match| [match[1, 2].hex].pack('C') }.force_encoding(encoding)
+            uri.gsub(ESCAPED) { |match| [match[1, 2].hex].pack("C") }.force_encoding(encoding)
           end
 
           protected
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/scanner.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/scanner.rb
index 19e0bc03d6..4b8c8ab063 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/scanner.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/scanner.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'strscan'
+require "strscan"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Journey # :nodoc:
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           when text = @ss.scan(/(?<!\\):\w+/)
             [:SYMBOL, text]
           when text = @ss.scan(/(?:[\w%\-~!$&'*+,;=@]|\\:|\\\(|\\\))+/)
-            [:LITERAL, text.tr('\\', '')]
+            [:LITERAL, text.tr('\\', "")]
             # any char
           when text = @ss.scan(/./)
             [:LITERAL, text]
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/visitors.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/visitors.rb
index 306d2e674a..819accd44a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/visitors.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/journey/visitors.rb
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         @parameters.each do |index|
           param = parts[index]
           value = hash[param.name]
-          return ''.freeze unless value
+          return "".freeze unless value
           parts[index] = param.escape value
         end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb
index c782779b34..fef246532b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
         ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_complete(*args, &block)
       end
 
-      deprecate to_prepare: 'use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare instead',
-        to_cleanup: 'use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_complete instead'
+      deprecate to_prepare: "use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare instead",
+        to_cleanup: "use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_complete instead"
 
       def before(*args, &block)
         set_callback(:call, :before, *args, &block)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb
index f2f3150b56..d5bb0032b5 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
-require 'active_support/key_generator'
-require 'active_support/message_verifier'
-require 'active_support/json'
-require 'rack/utils'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
+require "active_support/key_generator"
+require "active_support/message_verifier"
+require "active_support/json"
+require "rack/utils"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   class Request
     def cookie_jar
-      fetch_header('action_dispatch.cookies'.freeze) do
+      fetch_header("action_dispatch.cookies".freeze) do
         self.cookie_jar = Cookies::CookieJar.build(self, cookies)
       end
     end
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ module ActionDispatch
     }
 
     def have_cookie_jar?
-      has_header? 'action_dispatch.cookies'.freeze
+      has_header? "action_dispatch.cookies".freeze
     end
 
     def cookie_jar=(jar)
-      set_header 'action_dispatch.cookies'.freeze, jar
+      set_header "action_dispatch.cookies".freeze, jar
     end
 
     def key_generator
@@ -338,13 +338,13 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def to_header
-        @cookies.map { |k,v| "#{escape(k)}=#{escape(v)}" }.join '; '
+        @cookies.map { |k,v| "#{escape(k)}=#{escape(v)}" }.join "; "
       end
 
       def handle_options(options) #:nodoc:
         options[:path] ||= "/"
 
-        if options[:domain] == :all || options[:domain] == 'all'
+        if options[:domain] == :all || options[:domain] == "all"
           # if there is a provided tld length then we use it otherwise default domain regexp
           domain_regexp = options[:tld_length] ? /([^.]+\.?){#{options[:tld_length]}}$/ : DOMAIN_REGEXP
 
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           end
         elsif options[:domain].is_a? Array
           # if host matches one of the supplied domains without a dot in front of it
-          options[:domain] = options[:domain].find {|domain| request.host.include? domain.sub(/^\./, '') }
+          options[:domain] = options[:domain].find {|domain| request.host.include? domain.sub(/^\./, "") }
         end
       end
 
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def digest
-          request.cookies_digest || 'SHA1'
+          request.cookies_digest || "SHA1"
         end
 
         def key_generator
@@ -576,8 +576,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
             "Read the upgrade documentation to learn more about this new config option."
         end
 
-        secret = key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_cookie_salt || '')
-        sign_secret = key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt || '')
+        secret = key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_cookie_salt || "")
+        sign_secret = key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt || "")
         @encryptor = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(secret, sign_secret, digest: digest, serializer: ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor::NullSerializer)
       end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb
index 8974258cf7..83c095b616 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/http/request'
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper'
-require 'action_dispatch/routing/inspector'
-require 'action_view'
-require 'action_view/base'
+require "action_dispatch/http/request"
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper"
+require "action_dispatch/routing/inspector"
+require "action_view"
+require "action_view/base"
 
-require 'pp'
+require "pp"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # This middleware is responsible for logging exceptions and
   # showing a debugging page in case the request is local.
   class DebugExceptions
-    RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH = File.expand_path('../templates', __FILE__)
+    RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH = File.expand_path("../templates", __FILE__)
 
     class DebugView < ActionView::Base
       def debug_params(params)
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         clean_params.delete("controller")
 
         if clean_params.empty?
-          'None'
+          "None"
         else
           PP.pp(clean_params, "", 200)
         end
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       def debug_headers(headers)
         if headers.present?
-          headers.inspect.gsub(',', ",\n")
+          headers.inspect.gsub(",", ",\n")
         else
-          'None'
+          "None"
         end
       end
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       request = ActionDispatch::Request.new env
       _, headers, body = response = @app.call(env)
 
-      if headers['X-Cascade'] == 'pass'
+      if headers["X-Cascade"] == "pass"
         body.close if body.respond_to?(:close)
         raise ActionController::RoutingError, "No route matches [#{env['REQUEST_METHOD']}] #{env['PATH_INFO'].inspect}"
       end
@@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ module ActionDispatch
     private
 
     def render_exception(request, exception)
-      backtrace_cleaner = request.get_header('action_dispatch.backtrace_cleaner')
+      backtrace_cleaner = request.get_header("action_dispatch.backtrace_cleaner")
       wrapper = ExceptionWrapper.new(backtrace_cleaner, exception)
       log_error(request, wrapper)
 
-      if request.get_header('action_dispatch.show_detailed_exceptions')
+      if request.get_header("action_dispatch.show_detailed_exceptions")
         content_type = request.formats.first
 
         if api_request?(content_type)
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         body = template.render(template: file, layout: false, formats: [:text])
         format = "text/plain"
       else
-        body = template.render(template: file, layout: 'rescues/layout')
+        body = template.render(template: file, layout: "rescues/layout")
         format = "text/html"
       end
       render(wrapper.status_code, body, format)
@@ -128,9 +128,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
     def create_template(request, wrapper)
       traces = wrapper.traces
 
-      trace_to_show = 'Application Trace'
-      if traces[trace_to_show].empty? && wrapper.rescue_template != 'routing_error'
-        trace_to_show = 'Full Trace'
+      trace_to_show = "Application Trace"
+      if traces[trace_to_show].empty? && wrapper.rescue_template != "routing_error"
+        trace_to_show = "Full Trace"
       end
 
       if source_to_show = traces[trace_to_show].first
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def render(status, body, format)
-      [status, {'Content-Type' => "#{format}; charset=#{Response.default_charset}", 'Content-Length' => body.bytesize.to_s}, [body]]
+      [status, {"Content-Type" => "#{format}; charset=#{Response.default_charset}", "Content-Length" => body.bytesize.to_s}, [body]]
     end
 
     def log_error(request, wrapper)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_locks.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_locks.rb
index 13254d08de..91c2fbac01 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_locks.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_locks.rb
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
   # This middleware exposes operational details of the server, with no access
   # control. It should only be enabled when in use, and removed thereafter.
   class DebugLocks
-    def initialize(app, path = '/rails/locks')
+    def initialize(app, path = "/rails/locks")
       @app = app
       @path = path
     end
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       req = ActionDispatch::Request.new env
 
       if req.get?
-        path = req.path_info.chomp('/'.freeze)
+        path = req.path_info.chomp("/".freeze)
         if path == @path
           return render_details(req)
         end
@@ -61,16 +61,16 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
         str = threads.map do |thread, info|
           if info[:exclusive]
-            lock_state = 'Exclusive'
+            lock_state = "Exclusive"
           elsif info[:sharing] > 0
-            lock_state = 'Sharing'
+            lock_state = "Sharing"
             lock_state << " x#{info[:sharing]}" if info[:sharing] > 1
           else
-            lock_state = 'No lock'
+            lock_state = "No lock"
           end
 
           if info[:waiting]
-            lock_state << ' (yielded share)'
+            lock_state << " (yielded share)"
           end
 
           msg = "Thread #{info[:index]} [0x#{thread.__id__.to_s(16)} #{thread.status || 'dead'}]  #{lock_state}\n"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper.rb
index b02f10c9ec..5570c229ef 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper.rb
@@ -1,33 +1,33 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors'
-require 'rack/utils'
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attribute_accessors"
+require "rack/utils"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   class ExceptionWrapper
     cattr_accessor :rescue_responses
     @@rescue_responses = Hash.new(:internal_server_error)
     @@rescue_responses.merge!(
-      'ActionController::RoutingError'                => :not_found,
-      'AbstractController::ActionNotFound'            => :not_found,
-      'ActionController::MethodNotAllowed'            => :method_not_allowed,
-      'ActionController::UnknownHttpMethod'           => :method_not_allowed,
-      'ActionController::NotImplemented'              => :not_implemented,
-      'ActionController::UnknownFormat'               => :not_acceptable,
-      'ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken'    => :unprocessable_entity,
-      'ActionController::InvalidCrossOriginRequest'   => :unprocessable_entity,
-      'ActionDispatch::ParamsParser::ParseError'      => :bad_request,
-      'ActionController::BadRequest'                  => :bad_request,
-      'ActionController::ParameterMissing'            => :bad_request,
-      'Rack::QueryParser::ParameterTypeError'         => :bad_request,
-      'Rack::QueryParser::InvalidParameterError'      => :bad_request
+      "ActionController::RoutingError"                => :not_found,
+      "AbstractController::ActionNotFound"            => :not_found,
+      "ActionController::MethodNotAllowed"            => :method_not_allowed,
+      "ActionController::UnknownHttpMethod"           => :method_not_allowed,
+      "ActionController::NotImplemented"              => :not_implemented,
+      "ActionController::UnknownFormat"               => :not_acceptable,
+      "ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken"    => :unprocessable_entity,
+      "ActionController::InvalidCrossOriginRequest"   => :unprocessable_entity,
+      "ActionDispatch::ParamsParser::ParseError"      => :bad_request,
+      "ActionController::BadRequest"                  => :bad_request,
+      "ActionController::ParameterMissing"            => :bad_request,
+      "Rack::QueryParser::ParameterTypeError"         => :bad_request,
+      "Rack::QueryParser::InvalidParameterError"      => :bad_request
     )
 
     cattr_accessor :rescue_templates
-    @@rescue_templates = Hash.new('diagnostics')
+    @@rescue_templates = Hash.new("diagnostics")
     @@rescue_templates.merge!(
-      'ActionView::MissingTemplate'         => 'missing_template',
-      'ActionController::RoutingError'      => 'routing_error',
-      'AbstractController::ActionNotFound'  => 'unknown_action',
-      'ActionView::Template::Error'         => 'template_error'
+      "ActionView::MissingTemplate"         => "missing_template",
+      "ActionController::RoutingError"      => "routing_error",
+      "AbstractController::ActionNotFound"  => "unknown_action",
+      "ActionView::Template::Error"         => "template_error"
     )
 
     attr_reader :backtrace_cleaner, :exception, :line_number, :file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb
index 06245b403b..3d43f97a2b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rack/body_proxy'
+require "rack/body_proxy"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   class Executor
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb
index 80703940ed..cee005ac10 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # The flash provides a way to pass temporary primitive-types (String, Array, Hash) between actions. Anything you place in the flash will be exposed
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
   #
   # See docs on the FlashHash class for more details about the flash.
   class Flash
-    KEY = 'action_dispatch.request.flash_hash'.freeze
+    KEY = "action_dispatch.request.flash_hash".freeze
 
     module RequestMethods
       # Access the contents of the flash. Use <tt>flash["notice"]</tt> to
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ module ActionDispatch
         session    = self.session || {}
         flash_hash = self.flash_hash
 
-        if flash_hash && (flash_hash.present? || session.key?('flash'))
+        if flash_hash && (flash_hash.present? || session.key?("flash"))
           session["flash"] = flash_hash.to_session_value
           self.flash = flash_hash.dup
         end
 
         if (!session.respond_to?(:loaded?) || session.loaded?) && # (reset_session uses {}, which doesn't implement #loaded?)
-            session.key?('flash') && session['flash'].nil?
-          session.delete('flash')
+            session.key?("flash") && session["flash"].nil?
+          session.delete("flash")
         end
       end
 
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
           end
           new(flashes, flashes.keys)
         when Hash # Rails 4.0
-          flashes = value['flashes']
-          if discard = value['discard']
+          flashes = value["flashes"]
+          if discard = value["discard"]
             flashes.except!(*discard)
           end
           new(flashes, flashes.keys)
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       def to_session_value #:nodoc:
         flashes_to_keep = @flashes.except(*@discard)
         return nil if flashes_to_keep.empty?
-        { 'discard' => [], 'flashes' => flashes_to_keep }
+        { "discard" => [], "flashes" => flashes_to_keep }
       end
 
       def initialize(flashes = {}, discard = []) #:nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
index faf3262b8f..755bc0d315 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/http/request'
+require "action_dispatch/http/request"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # ActionDispatch::ParamsParser works for all the requests having any Content-Length
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     # The +parsers+ argument can take Hash of parsers where key is identifying
     # content mime type, and value is a lambda that is going to process data.
     def self.new(app, parsers = {})
-      ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('ActionDispatch::ParamsParser is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Configure the parameter parsing in ActionDispatch::Request.parameter_parsers.')
+      ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("ActionDispatch::ParamsParser is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Configure the parameter parsing in ActionDispatch::Request.parameter_parsers.")
       parsers = parsers.transform_keys { |key| key.respond_to?(:symbol) ? key.symbol : key }
       ActionDispatch::Request.parameter_parsers = ActionDispatch::Request::DEFAULT_PARSERS.merge(parsers)
       app
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/public_exceptions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/public_exceptions.rb
index 0f27984550..e82fe73c1a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/public_exceptions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/public_exceptions.rb
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def render_format(status, content_type, body)
-      [status, {'Content-Type' => "#{content_type}; charset=#{ActionDispatch::Response.default_charset}",
-                'Content-Length' => body.bytesize.to_s}, [body]]
+      [status, {"Content-Type" => "#{content_type}; charset=#{ActionDispatch::Response.default_charset}",
+                "Content-Length" => body.bytesize.to_s}, [body]]
     end
 
     def render_html(status)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       path = "#{public_path}/#{status}.html" unless (found = File.exist?(path))
 
       if found || File.exist?(path)
-        render_format(status, 'text/html', File.read(path))
+        render_format(status, "text/html", File.read(path))
       else
         [404, { "X-Cascade" => "pass" }, []]
       end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb
index 112bde6596..90c64037aa 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ module ActionDispatch
     class << self
       attr_accessor :default_reloader # :nodoc:
 
-      deprecate to_prepare: 'use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare instead',
-        to_cleanup: 'use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_complete instead',
-        prepare!: 'use Rails.application.reloader.prepare! instead',
-        cleanup!: 'use Rails.application.reloader.reload! instead of cleanup + prepare'
+      deprecate to_prepare: "use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_prepare instead",
+        to_cleanup: "use ActiveSupport::Reloader.to_complete instead",
+        prepare!: "use Rails.application.reloader.prepare! instead",
+        cleanup!: "use Rails.application.reloader.reload! instead of cleanup + prepare"
     end
 
     self.default_reloader = ActiveSupport::Reloader
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb
index 31b75498b6..101950aae3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'ipaddr'
+require "ipaddr"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # This middleware calculates the IP address of the remote client that is
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb
index 1555ff72af..bd4c781267 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'securerandom'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/access'
+require "securerandom"
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/access"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # Makes a unique request id available to the action_dispatch.request_id env variable (which is then accessible through
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
index 5fb5953811..430258e296 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-require 'rack/utils'
-require 'rack/request'
-require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/cookies'
-require 'action_dispatch/request/session'
+require "rack/utils"
+require "rack/request"
+require "rack/session/abstract/id"
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/cookies"
+require "action_dispatch/request/session"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Session
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
     module Compatibility
       def initialize(app, options = {})
-        options[:key] ||= '_session_id'
+        options[:key] ||= "_session_id"
         super
       end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cache_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cache_store.rb
index 589ae46e38..d21b70083e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cache_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cache_store.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store'
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Session
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
index 380a24a367..6148547cef 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store'
-require 'rack/session/cookie'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys"
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store"
+require "rack/session/cookie"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Session
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store.rb
index cb19786f0b..ee2b1f26ad 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store'
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store"
 begin
-  require 'rack/session/dalli'
+  require "rack/session/dalli"
 rescue LoadError => e
   $stderr.puts "You don't have dalli installed in your application. Please add it to your Gemfile and run bundle install"
   raise e
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb
index 64695f9738..126b627631 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/http/request'
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper'
+require "action_dispatch/http/request"
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/exception_wrapper"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # This middleware rescues any exception returned by the application
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
   # If any exception happens inside the exceptions app, this middleware
   # catches the exceptions and returns a FAILSAFE_RESPONSE.
   class ShowExceptions
-    FAILSAFE_RESPONSE = [500, { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' },
+    FAILSAFE_RESPONSE = [500, { "Content-Type" => "text/plain" },
       ["500 Internal Server Error\n" \
        "If you are the administrator of this website, then please read this web " \
        "application's log file and/or the web server's log file to find out what " \
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ module ActionDispatch
     private
 
     def render_exception(request, exception)
-      backtrace_cleaner = request.get_header 'action_dispatch.backtrace_cleaner'
+      backtrace_cleaner = request.get_header "action_dispatch.backtrace_cleaner"
       wrapper = ExceptionWrapper.new(backtrace_cleaner, exception)
       status  = wrapper.status_code
       request.set_header "action_dispatch.exception", wrapper.exception
       request.set_header "action_dispatch.original_path", request.path_info
       request.path_info = "/#{status}"
       response = @exceptions_app.call(request.env)
-      response[1]['X-Cascade'] == 'pass' ? pass_response(status) : response
+      response[1]["X-Cascade"] == "pass" ? pass_response(status) : response
     rescue Exception => failsafe_error
       $stderr.puts "Error during failsafe response: #{failsafe_error}\n  #{failsafe_error.backtrace * "\n  "}"
       FAILSAFE_RESPONSE
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb
index 0e04d3a524..0b81d0ad43 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
     private
       def set_hsts_header!(headers)
-        headers['Strict-Transport-Security'.freeze] ||= @hsts_header
+        headers["Strict-Transport-Security".freeze] ||= @hsts_header
       end
 
       def normalize_hsts_options(options)
@@ -119,10 +119,10 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def flag_cookies_as_secure!(headers)
-        if cookies = headers['Set-Cookie'.freeze]
+        if cookies = headers["Set-Cookie".freeze]
           cookies = cookies.split("\n".freeze)
 
-          headers['Set-Cookie'.freeze] = cookies.map { |cookie|
+          headers["Set-Cookie".freeze] = cookies.map { |cookie|
             if cookie !~ /;\s*secure\s*(;|$)/i
               "#{cookie}; secure"
             else
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       def redirect_to_https(request)
         [ @redirect.fetch(:status, 301),
-          { 'Content-Type' => 'text/html',
-            'Location' => https_location_for(request) },
+          { "Content-Type" => "text/html",
+            "Location" => https_location_for(request) },
           @redirect.fetch(:body, []) ]
       end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb
index 4161c1d110..fbf2a5fd0b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'rack/utils'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/uri'
+require "rack/utils"
+require "active_support/core_ext/uri"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # This middleware returns a file's contents from disk in the body response.
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
   # located at `public/assets/application.js` if the file exists. If the file
   # does not exist, a 404 "File not Found" response will be returned.
   class FileHandler
-    def initialize(root, index: 'index', headers: {})
-      @root          = root.chomp('/')
+    def initialize(root, index: "index", headers: {})
+      @root          = root.chomp("/")
       @file_server   = ::Rack::File.new(@root, headers)
       @index         = index
     end
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       paths = [path, "#{path}#{ext}", "#{path}/#{@index}#{ext}"]
 
       if match = paths.detect { |p|
-        path = File.join(@root, p.force_encoding('UTF-8'.freeze))
+        path = File.join(@root, p.force_encoding("UTF-8".freeze))
         begin
           File.file?(path) && File.readable?(path)
         rescue SystemCallError
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ module ActionDispatch
         if status == 304
           return [status, headers, body]
         end
-        headers['Content-Encoding'] = 'gzip'
-        headers['Content-Type']     = content_type(path)
+        headers["Content-Encoding"] = "gzip"
+        headers["Content-Type"]     = content_type(path)
       else
         status, headers, body = @file_server.call(request.env)
       end
 
-      headers['Vary'] = 'Accept-Encoding' if gzip_path
+      headers["Vary"] = "Accept-Encoding" if gzip_path
 
       return [status, headers, body]
     ensure
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def content_type(path)
-        ::Rack::Mime.mime_type(::File.extname(path), 'text/plain'.freeze)
+        ::Rack::Mime.mime_type(::File.extname(path), "text/plain".freeze)
       end
 
       def gzip_encoding_accepted?(request)
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ module ActionDispatch
   # produce a directory traversal using this middleware. Only 'GET' and 'HEAD'
   # requests will result in a file being returned.
   class Static
-    def initialize(app, path, deprecated_cache_control = :not_set, index: 'index', headers: {})
+    def initialize(app, path, deprecated_cache_control = :not_set, index: "index", headers: {})
       if deprecated_cache_control != :not_set
         ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("The `cache_control` argument is deprecated," \
                                         "replaced by `headers: { 'Cache-Control' => #{deprecated_cache_control} }`, " \
                                         " and will be removed in Rails 5.1.")
-        headers['Cache-Control'.freeze] = deprecated_cache_control
+        headers["Cache-Control".freeze] = deprecated_cache_control
       end
 
       @app = app
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       req = Rack::Request.new env
 
       if req.get? || req.head?
-        path = req.path_info.chomp('/'.freeze)
+        path = req.path_info.chomp("/".freeze)
         if match = @file_handler.match?(path)
           req.path_info = match
           return @file_handler.serve(req)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb
index e9e6a2e597..ea948076fa 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb
@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ module ActionDispatch
     config.action_dispatch.rescue_responses = { }
     config.action_dispatch.default_charset = nil
     config.action_dispatch.rack_cache = false
-    config.action_dispatch.http_auth_salt = 'http authentication'
-    config.action_dispatch.signed_cookie_salt = 'signed cookie'
-    config.action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt = 'encrypted cookie'
-    config.action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt = 'signed encrypted cookie'
+    config.action_dispatch.http_auth_salt = "http authentication"
+    config.action_dispatch.signed_cookie_salt = "signed cookie"
+    config.action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt = "encrypted cookie"
+    config.action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt = "signed encrypted cookie"
     config.action_dispatch.perform_deep_munge = true
 
     config.action_dispatch.default_headers = {
-      'X-Frame-Options' => 'SAMEORIGIN',
-      'X-XSS-Protection' => '1; mode=block',
-      'X-Content-Type-Options' => 'nosniff'
+      "X-Frame-Options" => "SAMEORIGIN",
+      "X-XSS-Protection" => "1; mode=block",
+      "X-Content-Type-Options" => "nosniff"
     }
 
     config.eager_load_namespaces << ActionDispatch
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/request/session.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/request/session.rb
index 47568f6ad0..f9d6e94504 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/request/session.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/request/session.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
+require "rack/session/abstract/id"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   class Request
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/inspector.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/inspector.rb
index 2459a45827..a66a1d4ca4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/inspector.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/inspector.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'delegate'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/strip'
+require "delegate"
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def controller
-        parts.include?(:controller) ? ':controller' : requirements[:controller]
+        parts.include?(:controller) ? ":controller" : requirements[:controller]
       end
 
       def action
-        parts.include?(:action) ? ':action' : requirements[:action]
+        parts.include?(:action) ? ":action" : requirements[:action]
       end
 
       def internal?
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       private
         def draw_section(routes)
-          header_lengths = ['Prefix', 'Verb', 'URI Pattern'].map(&:length)
+          header_lengths = ["Prefix", "Verb", "URI Pattern"].map(&:length)
           name_width, verb_width, path_width = widths(routes).zip(header_lengths).map(&:max)
 
           routes.map do |r|
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
index 12ddd0f148..76429958b3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/enumerable'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/regexp'
-require 'action_dispatch/routing/redirection'
-require 'action_dispatch/routing/endpoint'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
+require "active_support/core_ext/enumerable"
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
+require "active_support/core_ext/regexp"
+require "action_dispatch/routing/redirection"
+require "action_dispatch/routing/endpoint"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def serve(req)
-          return [ 404, {'X-Cascade' => 'pass'}, [] ] unless matches?(req)
+          return [ 404, {"X-Cascade" => "pass"}, [] ] unless matches?(req)
 
           @strategy.call @app, req
         end
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def self.optional_format?(path, format)
-          format != false && !path.include?(':format') && !path.end_with?('/')
+          format != false && !path.include?(":format") && !path.end_with?("/")
         end
 
         def initialize(set, ast, defaults, controller, default_action, modyoule, to, formatted, scope_constraints, blocks, via, options_constraints, anchor, options)
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           @defaults = formats[:defaults].merge(@defaults).merge(normalize_defaults(options))
 
           if path_params.include?(:action) && !@requirements.key?(:action)
-            @defaults[:action] ||= 'index'
+            @defaults[:action] ||= "index"
           end
 
           @required_defaults = (split_options[:required_defaults] || []).map(&:first)
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
           def split_to(to)
             if to =~ /#/
-              to.split('#')
+              to.split("#")
             else
               []
             end
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
                   super(options)
                 else
                   prefix_options = options.slice(*_route.segment_keys)
-                  prefix_options[:relative_url_root] = ''.freeze
+                  prefix_options[:relative_url_root] = "".freeze
                   # we must actually delete prefix segment keys to avoid passing them to next url_for
                   _route.segment_keys.each { |k| options.delete(k) }
                   _routes.url_helpers.send("#{name}_path", prefix_options)
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           options = args.extract_options!.dup
           scope = {}
 
-          options[:path] = args.flatten.join('/') if args.any?
+          options[:path] = args.flatten.join("/") if args.any?
           options[:constraints] ||= {}
 
           unless nested_scope?
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           end
 
           if options.key? :anchor
-            raise ArgumentError, 'anchor is ignored unless passed to `match`'
+            raise ArgumentError, "anchor is ignored unless passed to `match`"
           end
 
           @scope.options.each do |option|
@@ -1563,9 +1563,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
             path, to = options.find { |name, _value| name.is_a?(String) }
 
             if path.nil?
-              ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn 'Omitting the route path is deprecated. '\
-                'Specify the path with a String or a Symbol instead.'
-              path = ''
+              ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "Omitting the route path is deprecated. "\
+                "Specify the path with a String or a Symbol instead."
+              path = ""
             end
 
             case to
@@ -1642,7 +1642,7 @@ to this:
         def get_to_from_path(path, to, action)
           return to if to || action
 
-          path_without_format = path.sub(/\(\.:format\)$/, '')
+          path_without_format = path.sub(/\(\.:format\)$/, "")
           if using_match_shorthand?(path_without_format)
             path_without_format.gsub(%r{^/}, "").sub(%r{/([^/]*)$}, '#\1').tr("-", "_")
           else
@@ -1678,7 +1678,7 @@ to this:
           default_action = options.delete(:action) || @scope[:action]
 
           if action =~ /^[\w\-\/]+$/
-            default_action ||= action.tr('-', '_') unless action.include?("/")
+            default_action ||= action.tr("-", "_") unless action.include?("/")
           else
             action = nil
           end
@@ -1866,8 +1866,8 @@ to this:
               prefix = action
             end
 
-            if prefix && prefix != '/' && !prefix.empty?
-              Mapper.normalize_name prefix.to_s.tr('-', '_')
+            if prefix && prefix != "/" && !prefix.empty?
+              Mapper.normalize_name prefix.to_s.tr("-", "_")
             end
           end
 
@@ -1883,7 +1883,7 @@ to this:
             end
 
             action_name = @scope.action_name(name_prefix, prefix, collection_name, member_name)
-            candidate = action_name.select(&:present?).join('_')
+            candidate = action_name.select(&:present?).join("_")
 
             unless candidate.empty?
               # If a name was not explicitly given, we check if it is valid
@@ -1924,7 +1924,7 @@ to this:
         def match_root_route(options)
           name = has_named_route?(:root) ? nil : :root
           defaults_option = options.delete(:defaults)
-          args = ['/', { as: name, via: :get }.merge!(options)]
+          args = ["/", { as: name, via: :get }.merge!(options)]
 
           if defaults_option
             defaults(defaults_option) { match(*args) }
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb
index 3156acf615..0b5041b231 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb
@@ -158,20 +158,20 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       class HelperMethodBuilder # :nodoc:
-        CACHE = { 'path' => {}, 'url' => {} }
+        CACHE = { "path" => {}, "url" => {} }
 
         def self.get(action, type)
           type   = type.to_s
           CACHE[type].fetch(action) { build action, type }
         end
 
-        def self.url;  CACHE['url'.freeze][nil]; end
-        def self.path; CACHE['path'.freeze][nil]; end
+        def self.url;  CACHE["url".freeze][nil]; end
+        def self.path; CACHE["path".freeze][nil]; end
 
         def self.build(action, type)
           prefix = action ? "#{action}_" : ""
           suffix = type
-          if action.to_s == 'new'
+          if action.to_s == "new"
             HelperMethodBuilder.singular prefix, suffix
           else
             HelperMethodBuilder.plural prefix, suffix
@@ -314,9 +314,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
           "#{prefix}#{str}_#{suffix}"
         end
 
-        [nil, 'new', 'edit'].each do |action|
-          CACHE['url'][action]  = build action, 'url'
-          CACHE['path'][action] = build action, 'path'
+        [nil, "new", "edit"].each do |action|
+          CACHE["url"][action]  = build action, "url"
+          CACHE["path"][action] = build action, "path"
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/redirection.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/redirection.rb
index 3265caa00b..c3a661a210 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/redirection.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/redirection.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/http/request'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/uri'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options'
-require 'rack/utils'
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
-require 'action_dispatch/routing/endpoint'
+require "action_dispatch/http/request"
+require "active_support/core_ext/uri"
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
+require "rack/utils"
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
+require "action_dispatch/routing/endpoint"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
         body = %(<html><body>You are being <a href="#{ERB::Util.unwrapped_html_escape(uri.to_s)}">redirected</a>.</body></html>)
 
         headers = {
-          'Location' => uri.to_s,
-          'Content-Type' => 'text/html',
-          'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s
+          "Location" => uri.to_s,
+          "Content-Type" => "text/html",
+          "Content-Length" => body.length.to_s
         }
 
         [ status, headers, [body] ]
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       private
         def relative_path?(path)
-          path && !path.empty? && path[0] != '/'
+          path && !path.empty? && path[0] != "/"
         end
 
         def escape(params)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb
index ed7130b58e..f5b817bf90 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/journey'
-require 'active_support/concern'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/to_query'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options'
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
-require 'action_dispatch/http/request'
-require 'action_dispatch/routing/endpoint'
+require "action_dispatch/journey"
+require "active_support/concern"
+require "active_support/core_ext/object/to_query"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/slice"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method"
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
+require "action_dispatch/http/request"
+require "action_dispatch/routing/endpoint"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           if @raise_on_name_error
             raise
           else
-            return [404, {'X-Cascade' => 'pass'}, []]
+            return [404, {"X-Cascade" => "pass"}, []]
           end
         end
 
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       alias :routes :set
 
       def self.default_resources_path_names
-        { :new => 'new', :edit => 'edit' }
+        { :new => "new", :edit => "edit" }
       end
 
       def self.new_with_config(config)
@@ -581,12 +581,12 @@ module ActionDispatch
           # be "index", not the recalled action of "show".
 
           if options[:controller]
-            options[:action]     ||= 'index'
+            options[:action]     ||= "index"
             options[:controller]   = options[:controller].to_s
           end
 
           if options.key?(:action)
-            options[:action] = (options[:action] || 'index').to_s
+            options[:action] = (options[:action] || "index").to_s
           end
         end
 
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         # is specified, the controller becomes "foo/baz/bat"
         def use_relative_controller!
           if !named_route && different_controller? && !controller.start_with?("/")
-            old_parts = current_controller.split('/')
+            old_parts = current_controller.split("/")
             size = controller.count("/") + 1
             parts = old_parts[0...-size] << controller
             @options[:controller] = parts.join("/")
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       def find_script_name(options)
-        options.delete(:script_name) || find_relative_url_root(options) || ''
+        options.delete(:script_name) || find_relative_url_root(options) || ""
       end
 
       def find_relative_url_root(options)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/routes_proxy.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/routes_proxy.rb
index 040ea04046..3592683136 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/routes_proxy.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/routes_proxy.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options'
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions.rb
index fae266273e..b362931ef7 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'rails-dom-testing'
+require "rails-dom-testing"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Assertions
-    autoload :ResponseAssertions, 'action_dispatch/testing/assertions/response'
-    autoload :RoutingAssertions, 'action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing'
+    autoload :ResponseAssertions, "action_dispatch/testing/assertions/response"
+    autoload :RoutingAssertions, "action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing"
 
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/response.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/response.rb
index cd55b7d975..a00602ed70 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/response.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/response.rb
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
 
         def location_if_redirected
-          return '' unless @response.redirection? && @response.location.present?
+          return "" unless @response.redirection? && @response.location.present?
           location = normalize_argument_to_redirection(@response.location)
           " redirect to <#{location}>"
         end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb
index 44ad2c10d8..de88cd1ffd 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'uri'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/access'
-require 'action_controller/metal/exceptions'
+require "uri"
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/access"
+require "action_controller/metal/exceptions"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Assertions
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
             expected_path = uri.path.to_s.empty? ? "/" : uri.path
           end
         else
-          expected_path = "/#{expected_path}" unless expected_path.first == '/'
+          expected_path = "/#{expected_path}" unless expected_path.first == "/"
         end
         # Load routes.rb if it hasn't been loaded.
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/integration.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/integration.rb
index c8ad8cee68..c12c316798 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/integration.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/integration.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-require 'stringio'
-require 'uri'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/singleton_class'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/try'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/string/strip'
-require 'rack/test'
-require 'minitest'
+require "stringio"
+require "uri"
+require "active_support/core_ext/kernel/singleton_class"
+require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/strip"
+require "rack/test"
+require "minitest"
 
-require 'action_dispatch/testing/request_encoder'
+require "action_dispatch/testing/request_encoder"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Integration #:nodoc:
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #     params: { ref_id: 14 },
       #     headers: { "X-Test-Header" => "testvalue" }
       def request_via_redirect(http_method, path, *args)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`request_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`request_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.")
         process_with_kwargs(http_method, path, *args)
 
         follow_redirect! while redirect?
@@ -134,35 +134,35 @@ module ActionDispatch
       # Performs a GET request, following any subsequent redirect.
       # See +request_via_redirect+ for more information.
       def get_via_redirect(path, *args)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`get_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`get_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.")
         request_via_redirect(:get, path, *args)
       end
 
       # Performs a POST request, following any subsequent redirect.
       # See +request_via_redirect+ for more information.
       def post_via_redirect(path, *args)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`post_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`post_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.")
         request_via_redirect(:post, path, *args)
       end
 
       # Performs a PATCH request, following any subsequent redirect.
       # See +request_via_redirect+ for more information.
       def patch_via_redirect(path, *args)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`patch_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`patch_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.")
         request_via_redirect(:patch, path, *args)
       end
 
       # Performs a PUT request, following any subsequent redirect.
       # See +request_via_redirect+ for more information.
       def put_via_redirect(path, *args)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`put_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`put_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.")
         request_via_redirect(:put, path, *args)
       end
 
       # Performs a DELETE request, following any subsequent redirect.
       # See +request_via_redirect+ for more information.
       def delete_via_redirect(path, *args)
-        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`delete_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.')
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`delete_via_redirect` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use `follow_redirect!` manually after the request call for the same behavior.")
         request_via_redirect(:delete, path, *args)
       end
     end
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           headers ||= {}
 
           if method == :get && as == :json && params
-            headers['X-Http-Method-Override'] = 'GET'
+            headers["X-Http-Method-Override"] = "GET"
             method = :post
           end
 
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
             path = build_expanded_path(path, request_encoder)
           end
 
-          hostname, port = host.split(':')
+          hostname, port = host.split(":")
 
           request_env = {
             :method => method,
@@ -367,8 +367,8 @@ module ActionDispatch
           }
 
           if xhr
-            headers['HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH'] = 'XMLHttpRequest'
-            headers['HTTP_ACCEPT'] ||= [Mime[:js], Mime[:html], Mime[:xml], 'text/xml', '*/*'].join(', ')
+            headers["HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH"] = "XMLHttpRequest"
+            headers["HTTP_ACCEPT"] ||= [Mime[:js], Mime[:html], Mime[:xml], "text/xml", "*/*"].join(", ")
           end
 
           # this modifies the passed request_env directly
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
          xml_http_request xhr get_via_redirect post_via_redirect).each do |method|
         define_method(method) do |*args|
           # reset the html_document variable, except for cookies/assigns calls
-          unless method == 'cookies' || method == 'assigns'
+          unless method == "cookies" || method == "assigns"
             @html_document = nil
           end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_process.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_process.rb
index 1ecd7d14a7..1456a0afcf 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_process.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_process.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/cookies'
-require 'action_dispatch/middleware/flash'
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/cookies"
+require "action_dispatch/middleware/flash"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module TestProcess
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb
index 46523a8600..d0beb72a41 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access'
-require 'rack/utils'
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
+require "rack/utils"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   class TestRequest < Request
-    DEFAULT_ENV = Rack::MockRequest.env_for('/',
-      'HTTP_HOST'                => 'test.host',
-      'REMOTE_ADDR'              => '0.0.0.0',
-      'HTTP_USER_AGENT'          => 'Rails Testing',
+    DEFAULT_ENV = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/",
+      "HTTP_HOST"                => "test.host",
+      "REMOTE_ADDR"              => "0.0.0.0",
+      "HTTP_USER_AGENT"          => "Rails Testing",
     )
 
     # Create a new test request with default `env` values
@@ -22,23 +22,23 @@ module ActionDispatch
     private_class_method :default_env
 
     def request_method=(method)
-      set_header('REQUEST_METHOD', method.to_s.upcase)
+      set_header("REQUEST_METHOD", method.to_s.upcase)
     end
 
     def host=(host)
-      set_header('HTTP_HOST', host)
+      set_header("HTTP_HOST", host)
     end
 
     def port=(number)
-      set_header('SERVER_PORT', number.to_i)
+      set_header("SERVER_PORT", number.to_i)
     end
 
     def request_uri=(uri)
-      set_header('REQUEST_URI', uri)
+      set_header("REQUEST_URI", uri)
     end
 
     def path=(path)
-      set_header('PATH_INFO', path)
+      set_header("PATH_INFO", path)
     end
 
     def action=(action_name)
@@ -46,24 +46,24 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def if_modified_since=(last_modified)
-      set_header('HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE', last_modified)
+      set_header("HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE", last_modified)
     end
 
     def if_none_match=(etag)
-      set_header('HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH', etag)
+      set_header("HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH", etag)
     end
 
     def remote_addr=(addr)
-      set_header('REMOTE_ADDR', addr)
+      set_header("REMOTE_ADDR", addr)
     end
 
     def user_agent=(user_agent)
-      set_header('HTTP_USER_AGENT', user_agent)
+      set_header("HTTP_USER_AGENT", user_agent)
     end
 
     def accept=(mime_types)
-      delete_header('action_dispatch.request.accepts')
-      set_header('HTTP_ACCEPT', Array(mime_types).collect(&:to_s).join(","))
+      delete_header("action_dispatch.request.accepts")
+      set_header("HTTP_ACCEPT", Array(mime_types).collect(&:to_s).join(","))
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_response.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_response.rb
index bedb7a5558..5c89f9c75e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_response.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_response.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'action_dispatch/testing/request_encoder'
+require "action_dispatch/testing/request_encoder"
 
 module ActionDispatch
   # Integration test methods such as ActionDispatch::Integration::Session#get
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_pack.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_pack.rb
index 941877d10d..ee6dabd133 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_pack.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_pack.rb
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@
 # WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #++
 
-require 'action_pack/version'
+require "action_pack/version"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb
index 7088cd2760..3d96158431 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require_relative 'gem_version'
+require_relative "gem_version"
 
 module ActionPack
   # Returns the version of the currently loaded ActionPack as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>