# frozen_string_literal: true
module ActiveRecord
module Sanitization
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
module ClassMethods
# Accepts an array or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
# them into a valid SQL fragment for a WHERE clause.
#
# sanitize_sql_for_conditions(["name=? and group_id=?", "foo'bar", 4])
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id=4"
#
# sanitize_sql_for_conditions(["name=:name and group_id=:group_id", name: "foo'bar", group_id: 4])
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
#
# sanitize_sql_for_conditions(["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4])
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
#
# sanitize_sql_for_conditions("name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'")
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
def sanitize_sql_for_conditions(condition)
return nil if condition.blank?
case condition
when Array; sanitize_sql_array(condition)
else condition
end
end
alias :sanitize_sql :sanitize_sql_for_conditions
# Accepts an array, hash, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
# them into a valid SQL fragment for a SET clause.
#
# sanitize_sql_for_assignment(["name=? and group_id=?", nil, 4])
# # => "name=NULL and group_id=4"
#
# sanitize_sql_for_assignment(["name=:name and group_id=:group_id", name: nil, group_id: 4])
# # => "name=NULL and group_id=4"
#
# Post.sanitize_sql_for_assignment({ name: nil, group_id: 4 })
# # => "`posts`.`name` = NULL, `posts`.`group_id` = 4"
#
# sanitize_sql_for_assignment("name=NULL and group_id='4'")
# # => "name=NULL and group_id='4'"
def sanitize_sql_for_assignment(assignments, default_table_name = table_name)
case assignments
when Array; sanitize_sql_array(assignments)
when Hash; sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(assignments, default_table_name)
else assignments
end
end
# Accepts an array, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
# them into a valid SQL fragment for an ORDER clause.
#
# sanitize_sql_for_order(["field(id, ?)", [1,3,2]])
# # => "field(id, 1,3,2)"
#
# sanitize_sql_for_order("id ASC")
# # => "id ASC"
def sanitize_sql_for_order(condition)
if condition.is_a?(Array) && condition.first.to_s.include?("?")
disallow_raw_sql!(
[condition.first],
permit: connection.column_name_with_order_matcher
)
# Ensure we aren't dealing with a subclass of String that might
# override methods we use (eg. Arel::Nodes::SqlLiteral).
if condition.first.kind_of?(String) && !condition.first.instance_of?(String)
condition = [String.new(condition.first), *condition[1..-1]]
end
Arel.sql(sanitize_sql_array(condition))
else
condition
end
end
# Sanitizes a hash of attribute/value pairs into SQL conditions for a SET clause.
#
# sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment({ status: nil, group_id: 1 }, "posts")
# # => "`posts`.`status` = NULL, `posts`.`group_id` = 1"
def sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(attrs, table)
c = connection
attrs.map do |attr, value|
type = type_for_attribute(attr)
value = type.serialize(type.cast(value))
"#{c.quote_table_name_for_assignment(table, attr)} = #{c.quote(value)}"
end.join(", ")
end
# Sanitizes a +string+ so that it is safe to use within an SQL
# LIKE statement. This method uses +escape_character+ to escape all occurrences of "\", "_" and "%".
#
# sanitize_sql_like("100%")
# # => "100\\%"
#
# sanitize_sql_like("snake_cased_string")
# # => "snake\\_cased\\_string"
#
# sanitize_sql_like("100%", "!")
# # => "100!%"
#
# sanitize_sql_like("snake_cased_string", "!")
# # => "snake!_cased!_string"
def sanitize_sql_like(string, escape_character = "\\")
pattern = Regexp.union(escape_character, "%", "_")
string.gsub(pattern) { |x| [escape_character, x].join }
end
# Accepts an array of conditions. The array has each value
# sanitized and interpolated into the SQL statement.
#
# sanitize_sql_array(["name=? and group_id=?", "foo'bar", 4])
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id=4"
#
# sanitize_sql_array(["name=:name and group_id=:group_id", name: "foo'bar", group_id: 4])
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id=4"
#
# sanitize_sql_array(["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4])
# # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
def sanitize_sql_array(ary)
statement, *values = ary
if values.first.is_a?(Hash) && /:\w+/.match?(statement)
replace_named_bind_variables(statement, values.first)
elsif statement.include?("?")
replace_bind_variables(statement, values)
elsif statement.blank?
statement
else
statement % values.collect { |value| connection.quote_string(value.to_s) }
end
end
def disallow_raw_sql!(args, permit: connection.column_name_matcher) # :nodoc:
unexpected = nil
args.each do |arg|
next if arg.is_a?(Symbol) || Arel.arel_node?(arg) || permit.match?(arg.to_s)
(unexpected ||= []) << arg
end
return unless unexpected
if allow_unsafe_raw_sql == :deprecated
ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(
"Dangerous query method (method whose arguments are used as raw " \
"SQL) called with non-attribute argument(s): " \
"#{unexpected.map(&:inspect).join(", ")}. Non-attribute " \
"arguments will be disallowed in Rails 6.1. This method should " \
"not be called with user-provided values, such as request " \
"parameters or model attributes. Known-safe values can be passed " \
"by wrapping them in Arel.sql()."
)
else
raise(ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeReference,
"Query method called with non-attribute argument(s): " +
unexpected.map(&:inspect).join(", ")
)
end
end
private
def replace_bind_variables(statement, values)
raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, statement.count("?"), values.size)
bound = values.dup
c = connection
statement.gsub(/\?/) do
replace_bind_variable(bound.shift, c)
end
end
def replace_bind_variable(value, c = connection)
if ActiveRecord::Relation === value
value.to_sql
else
quote_bound_value(value, c)
end
end
def replace_named_bind_variables(statement, bind_vars)
statement.gsub(/(:?):([a-zA-Z]\w*)/) do |match|
if $1 == ":" # skip postgresql casts
match # return the whole match
elsif bind_vars.include?(match = $2.to_sym)
replace_bind_variable(bind_vars[match])
else
raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "missing value for :#{match} in #{statement}"
end
end
end
def quote_bound_value(value, c = connection)
if value.respond_to?(:map) && !value.acts_like?(:string)
quoted = value.map { |v| c.quote(v) }
if quoted.empty?
c.quote(nil)
else
quoted.join(",")
end
else
c.quote(value)
end
end
def raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, expected, provided)
unless expected == provided
raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "wrong number of bind variables (#{provided} for #{expected}) in: #{statement}"
end
end
end
end
end
