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----
-layout: docs
-title: Reboot
-description: Reboot, a collection of element-specific CSS changes in a single file, kickstart Bootstrap to provide an elegant, consistent, and simple baseline to build upon.
-group: content
-redirect_from: "/docs/4.5/content/"
-toc: true
----
-
-## Approach
-
-Reboot builds upon Normalize, providing many HTML elements with somewhat opinionated styles using only element selectors. Additional styling is done only with classes. For example, we reboot some `<table>` styles for a simpler baseline and later provide `.table`, `.table-bordered`, and more.
-
-Here are our guidelines and reasons for choosing what to override in Reboot:
-
-- Update some browser default values to use `rem`s instead of `em`s for scalable component spacing.
-- Avoid `margin-top`. Vertical margins can collapse, yielding unexpected results. More importantly though, a single direction of `margin` is a simpler mental model.
-- For easier scaling across device sizes, block elements should use `rem`s for `margin`s.
-- Keep declarations of `font`-related properties to a minimum, using `inherit` whenever possible.
-
-## Page defaults
-
-The `<html>` and `<body>` elements are updated to provide better page-wide defaults. More specifically:
-
-- The `box-sizing` is globally set on every element—including `*::before` and `*::after`, to `border-box`. This ensures that the declared width of element is never exceeded due to padding or border.
-- No base `font-size` is declared on the `<html>`, but `16px` is assumed (the browser default). `font-size: 1rem` is applied on the `<body>` for easy responsive type-scaling via media queries while respecting user preferences and ensuring a more accessible approach.
-- The `<body>` also sets a global `font-family`, `line-height`, and `text-align`. This is inherited later by some form elements to prevent font inconsistencies.
-- For safety, the `<body>` has a declared `background-color`, defaulting to `#fff`.
-
-## Native font stack
-
-The default web fonts (Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, and Arial) have been dropped in Bootstrap 4 and replaced with a "native font stack" for optimum text rendering on every device and OS. Read more about [native font stacks in this *Smashing Magazine* article](https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2015/11/using-system-ui-fonts-practical-guide/).
-
-{% highlight sass %}
-$font-family-sans-serif:
- // Safari for macOS and iOS (San Francisco)
- -apple-system,
- // Chrome < 56 for macOS (San Francisco)
- BlinkMacSystemFont,
- // Windows
- "Segoe UI",
- // Android
- Roboto,
- // Basic web fallback
- "Helvetica Neue", Arial,
- // Linux
- "Noto Sans",
- // Sans serif fallback
- sans-serif,
- // Emoji fonts
- "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji" !default;
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-This `font-family` is applied to the `<body>` and automatically inherited globally throughout Bootstrap. To switch the global `font-family`, update `$font-family-base` and recompile Bootstrap.
-
-## Headings and paragraphs
-
-All heading elements—e.g., `<h1>`—and `<p>` are reset to have their `margin-top` removed. Headings have `margin-bottom: .5rem` added and paragraphs `margin-bottom: 1rem` for easy spacing.
-
-<table>
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th>Heading</th>
- <th>Example</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>
- {{ "`<h1></h1>`" | markdownify }}
- </td>
- <td><span class="h1">h1. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- {{ "`<h2></h2>`" | markdownify }}
- </td>
- <td><span class="h2">h2. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- {{ "`<h3></h3>`" | markdownify }}
- </td>
- <td><span class="h3">h3. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- {{ "`<h4></h4>`" | markdownify }}
- </td>
- <td><span class="h4">h4. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- {{ "`<h5></h5>`" | markdownify }}
- </td>
- <td><span class="h5">h5. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>
- {{ "`<h6></h6>`" | markdownify }}
- </td>
- <td><span class="h6">h6. Bootstrap heading</span></td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
-</table>
-
-## Lists
-
-All lists—`<ul>`, `<ol>`, and `<dl>`—have their `margin-top` removed and a `margin-bottom: 1rem`. Nested lists have no `margin-bottom`.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
-{% capture markdown %}
-* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
-* Consectetur adipiscing elit
-* Integer molestie lorem at massa
-* Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
-* Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
- * Phasellus iaculis neque
- * Purus sodales ultricies
- * Vestibulum laoreet porttitor sem
- * Ac tristique libero volutpat at
-* Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
-* Aenean sit amet erat nunc
-* Eget porttitor lorem
-
-1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet
-2. Consectetur adipiscing elit
-3. Integer molestie lorem at massa
-4. Facilisis in pretium nisl aliquet
-5. Nulla volutpat aliquam velit
-6. Faucibus porta lacus fringilla vel
-7. Aenean sit amet erat nunc
-8. Eget porttitor lorem
-{% endcapture %}
-{{ markdown | markdownify }}
-</div>
-
-For simpler styling, clear hierarchy, and better spacing, description lists have updated `margin`s. `<dd>`s reset `margin-left` to `0` and add `margin-bottom: .5rem`. `<dt>`s are **bolded**.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
- <dl>
- <dt>Description lists</dt>
- <dd>A description list is perfect for defining terms.</dd>
- <dt>Euismod</dt>
- <dd>Vestibulum id ligula porta felis euismod semper eget lacinia odio sem.</dd>
- <dd>Donec id elit non mi porta gravida at eget metus.</dd>
- <dt>Malesuada porta</dt>
- <dd>Etiam porta sem malesuada magna mollis euismod.</dd>
- </dl>
-</div>
-
-## Preformatted text
-
-The `<pre>` element is reset to remove its `margin-top` and use `rem` units for its `margin-bottom`.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
-<pre>
-.example-element {
- margin-bottom: 1rem;
-}
-</pre>
-</div>
-
-## Tables
-
-Tables are slightly adjusted to style `<caption>`s, collapse borders, and ensure consistent `text-align` throughout. Additional changes for borders, padding, and more come with [the `.table` class]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/content/tables/).
-
-<div class="bd-example">
- <table>
- <caption>
- This is an example table, and this is its caption to describe the contents.
- </caption>
- <thead>
- <tr>
- <th>Table heading</th>
- <th>Table heading</th>
- <th>Table heading</th>
- <th>Table heading</th>
- </tr>
- </thead>
- <tbody>
- <tr>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- <td>Table cell</td>
- </tr>
- </tbody>
- </table>
-</div>
-
-## Forms
-
-Various form elements have been rebooted for simpler base styles. Here are some of the most notable changes:
-
-- `<fieldset>`s have no borders, padding, or margin so they can be easily used as wrappers for individual inputs or groups of inputs.
-- `<legend>`s, like fieldsets, have also been restyled to be displayed as a heading of sorts.
-- `<label>`s are set to `display: inline-block` to allow `margin` to be applied.
-- `<input>`s, `<select>`s, `<textarea>`s, and `<button>`s are mostly addressed by Normalize, but Reboot removes their `margin` and sets `line-height: inherit`, too.
-- `<textarea>`s are modified to only be resizable vertically as horizontal resizing often "breaks" page layout.
-- `<button>`s and `<input>` button elements have `cursor: pointer` when `:not(:disabled)`.
-
-These changes, and more, are demonstrated below.
-
-<form class="bd-example">
- <fieldset>
- <legend>Example legend</legend>
-
- <p>
- <label for="input">Example input</label>
- <input type="text" id="input" placeholder="Example input">
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label for="select">Example select</label>
- <select id="select">
- <option value="">Choose...</option>
- <optgroup label="Option group 1">
- <option value="">Option 1</option>
- <option value="">Option 2</option>
- <option value="">Option 3</option>
- </optgroup>
- <optgroup label="Option group 2">
- <option value="">Option 4</option>
- <option value="">Option 5</option>
- <option value="">Option 6</option>
- </optgroup>
- </select>
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label>
- <input type="checkbox" value="">
- Check this checkbox
- </label>
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label>
- <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" value="option1" checked>
- Option one is this and that
- </label>
- <label>
- <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" value="option2">
- Option two is something else that's also super long to demonstrate the wrapping of these fancy form controls.
- </label>
- <label>
- <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
- Option three is disabled
- </label>
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label for="textarea">Example textarea</label>
- <textarea id="textarea" rows="3"></textarea>
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label for="date">Example date</label>
- <input type="date" id="date">
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label for="time">Example time</label>
- <input type="time" id="time">
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <label for="output">Example output</label>
- <output name="result" id="output">100</output>
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <button type="submit">Button submit</button>
- <input type="submit" value="Input submit button">
- <input type="reset" value="Input reset button">
- <input type="button" value="Input button">
- </p>
-
- <p>
- <button type="submit" disabled>Button submit</button>
- <input type="submit" value="Input submit button" disabled>
- <input type="reset" value="Input reset button" disabled>
- <input type="button" value="Input button" disabled>
- </p>
- </fieldset>
-</form>
-
-### Pointers on buttons
-
-Reboot includes an enhancement for `role="button"` to change the default cursor to `pointer`. Add this attribute to elements to help indicate elements are interactive. This role isn't necessary for `<button>` elements, which get their own `cursor` change.
-
-{% capture example %}
-<span role="button" tabindex="0">Non-button element button</span>
-{% endcapture %}
-{% include example.html content=example %}
-
-## Misc elements
-
-### Address
-
-The `<address>` element is updated to reset the browser default `font-style` from `italic` to `normal`. `line-height` is also now inherited, and `margin-bottom: 1rem` has been added. `<address>`s are for presenting contact information for the nearest ancestor (or an entire body of work). Preserve formatting by ending lines with `<br>`.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
- <address>
- <strong>Twitter, Inc.</strong><br>
- 1355 Market St, Suite 900<br>
- San Francisco, CA 94103<br>
- <abbr title="Phone">P:</abbr> (123) 456-7890
- </address>
-
- <address>
- <strong>Full Name</strong><br>
- <a href="mailto:first.last@example.com">first.last@example.com</a>
- </address>
-</div>
-
-### Blockquote
-
-The default `margin` on blockquotes is `1em 40px`, so we reset that to `0 0 1rem` for something more consistent with other elements.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
- <blockquote class="blockquote">
- <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Integer posuere erat a ante.</p>
- <footer>Someone famous in <cite title="Source Title">Source Title</cite></footer>
- </blockquote>
-</div>
-
-### Inline elements
-
-The `<abbr>` element receives basic styling to make it stand out amongst paragraph text.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
- Nulla <abbr title="attribute">attr</abbr> vitae elit libero, a pharetra augue.
-</div>
-
-### Summary
-
-The default `cursor` on summary is `text`, so we reset that to `pointer` to convey that the element can be interacted with by clicking on it.
-
-<div class="bd-example">
- <details>
- <summary>Some details</summary>
- <p>More info about the details.</p>
- </details>
-
- <details open>
- <summary>Even more details</summary>
- <p>Here are even more details about the details.</p>
- </details>
-</div>
-
-## HTML5 `[hidden]` attribute
-
-HTML5 adds [a new global attribute named `[hidden]`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Global_attributes/hidden), which is styled as `display: none` by default. Borrowing an idea from [PureCSS](https://purecss.io/), we improve upon this default by making `[hidden] { display: none !important; }` to help prevent its `display` from getting accidentally overridden. While `[hidden]` isn't natively supported by IE10, the explicit declaration in our CSS gets around that problem.
-
-{% highlight html %}
-<input type="text" hidden>
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-{% capture callout %}
-##### jQuery incompatibility
-
-`[hidden]` is not compatible with jQuery's `$(...).hide()` and `$(...).show()` methods. Therefore, we don't currently especially endorse `[hidden]` over other techniques for managing the `display` of elements.
-{% endcapture %}
-{% include callout.html content=callout type="warning" %}
-
-To merely toggle the visibility of an element, meaning its `display` is not modified and the element can still affect the flow of the document, use [the `.invisible` class]({{ site.baseurl }}/docs/{{ site.docs_version }}/utilities/visibility/) instead.