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+
+
+
+Network Working Group F. Dawson
+Request for Comments: 2426 Lotus Development Corporation
+Category: Standards Track T. Howes
+ Netscape Communications
+ September 1998
+
+
+ vCard MIME Directory Profile
+
+Status of this Memo
+
+ This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
+ Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
+ improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
+ Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
+ and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
+
+Copyright Notice
+
+ Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
+
+Abstract
+
+ This memo defines the profile of the MIME Content-Type [MIME-DIR] for
+ directory information for a white-pages person object, based on a
+ vCard electronic business card. The profile definition is independent
+ of any particular directory service or protocol. The profile is
+ defined for representing and exchanging a variety of information
+ about an individual (e.g., formatted and structured name and delivery
+ addresses, email address, multiple telephone numbers, photograph,
+ logo, audio clips, etc.). The directory information used by this
+ profile is based on the attributes for the person object defined in
+ the X.520 and X.521 directory services recommendations. The profile
+ also provides the method for including a [VCARD] representation of a
+ white-pages directory entry within the MIME Content-Type defined by
+ the [MIME-DIR] document.
+
+ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+ "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY" and "OPTIONAL" in this
+ document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC 2119].
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 1]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+Table of Contents
+
+ Overview.........................................................3
+ 1. THE VCARD MIME DIRECTORY PROFILE REGISTRATION.................4
+ 2. MIME DIRECTORY FEATURES.......................................5
+ 2.1 PREDEFINED TYPE USAGE ......................................5
+ 2.1.1 BEGIN and END Type ......................................5
+ 2.1.2 NAME Type ...............................................5
+ 2.1.3 PROFILE Type ............................................5
+ 2.1.4 SOURCE Type .............................................5
+ 2.2 PREDEFINED TYPE PARAMETER USAGE ............................6
+ 2.3 PREDEFINED VALUE TYPE USAGE ................................6
+ 2.4 EXTENSIONS TO THE PREDEFINED VALUE TYPES ...................6
+ 2.4.1 BINARY ..................................................6
+ 2.4.2 VCARD ...................................................6
+ 2.4.3 PHONE-NUMBER ............................................7
+ 2.4.4 UTC-OFFSET ..............................................7
+ 2.5 STRUCTURED TYPE VALUES .....................................7
+ 2.6 LINE DELIMITING AND FOLDING ................................8
+ 3. VCARD PROFILE FEATURES........................................8
+ 3.1 IDENTIFICATION TYPES .......................................8
+ 3.1.1 FN Type Definition ......................................8
+ 3.1.2 N Type Definition .......................................9
+ 3.1.3 NICKNAME Type Definition ................................9
+ 3.1.4 PHOTO Type Definition ..................................10
+ 3.1.5 BDAY Type Definition ...................................11
+ 3.2 DELIVERY ADDRESSING TYPES .................................11
+ 3.2.1 ADR Type Definition ....................................11
+ 3.2.2 LABEL Type Definition ..................................13
+ 3.3 TELECOMMUNICATIONS ADDRESSING TYPES .......................13
+ 3.3.1 TEL Type Definition ....................................14
+ 3.3.2 EMAIL Type Definition ..................................15
+ 3.3.3 MAILER Type Definition .................................15
+ 3.4 GEOGRAPHICAL TYPES ........................................16
+ 3.4.1 TZ Type Definition .....................................16
+ 3.4.2 GEO Type Definition ....................................16
+ 3.5 ORGANIZATIONAL TYPES ......................................17
+ 3.5.1 TITLE Type Definition ..................................17
+ 3.5.2 ROLE Type Definition ...................................18
+ 3.5.3 LOGO Type Definition ...................................18
+ 3.5.4 AGENT Type Definition ..................................19
+ 3.5.5 ORG Type Definition ....................................20
+ 3.6 EXPLANATORY TYPES .........................................20
+ 3.6.1 CATEGORIES Type Definition .............................20
+ 3.6.2 NOTE Type Definition ...................................21
+ 3.6.3 PRODID Type Definition .................................21
+ 3.6.4 REV Type Definition ....................................22
+ 3.6.5 SORT-STRING Type Definition ............................22
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 2]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ 3.6.6 SOUND Type Definition ..................................23
+ 3.6.7 UID Type Definition ....................................24
+ 3.6.8 URL Type Definition ....................................25
+ 3.6.9 VERSION Type Definition ................................25
+ 3.7 SECURITY TYPES ............................................25
+ 3.7.1 CLASS Type Definition ..................................26
+ 3.7.2 KEY Type Definition ....................................26
+ 3.8 EXTENDED TYPES ............................................27
+ 4. FORMAL GRAMMAR...............................................27
+ 5. DIFFERENCES FROM VCARD V2.1..................................37
+ 6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.............................................39
+ 7. AUTHORS' ADDRESSES...........................................39
+ 8. SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS......................................39
+ 9. REFERENCES...................................................40
+ 10. FULL COPYRIGHT STATEMENT....................................42
+
+Overview
+
+ The [MIME-DIR] document defines a MIME Content-Type for holding
+ different kinds of directory information. The directory information
+ can be based on any of a number of directory schemas. This document
+ defines a [MIME-DIR] usage profile for conveying directory
+ information based on one such schema; that of the white-pages type of
+ person object.
+
+ The schema is based on the attributes for the person object defined
+ in the X.520 and X.521 directory services recommendations. The schema
+ has augmented the basic attributes defined in the X.500 series
+ recommendation in order to provide for an electronic representation
+ of the information commonly found on a paper business card. This
+ schema was first defined in the [VCARD] document. Hence, this [MIME-
+ DIR] profile is referred to as the vCard MIME Directory Profile.
+
+ A directory entry based on this usage profile can include traditional
+ directory, white-pages information such as the distinguished name
+ used to uniquely identify the entry, a formatted representation of
+ the name used for user-interface or presentation purposes, both the
+ structured and presentation form of the delivery address, various
+ telephone numbers and organizational information associated with the
+ entry. In addition, traditional paper business card information such
+ as an image of an organizational logo or identify photograph can be
+ included in this person object.
+
+ The vCard MIME Directory Profile also provides support for
+ representing other important information about the person associated
+ with the directory entry. For instance, the date of birth of the
+ person; an audio clip describing the pronunciation of the name
+ associated with the directory entry, or some other application of the
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 3]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ digital sound; longitude and latitude geo-positioning information
+ related to the person associated with the directory entry; date and
+ time that the directory information was last updated; annotations
+ often written on a business card; Uniform Resource Locators (URL) for
+ a website; public key information. The profile also provides support
+ for non-standard extensions to the schema. This provides the
+ flexibility for implementations to augment the current capabilities
+ of the profile in a standardized way. More information about this
+ electronic business card format can be found in [VCARD].
+
+1. The vCard Mime Directory Profile Registration
+
+ This profile is identified by the following [MIME-DIR] registration
+ template information. Subsequent sections define the profile
+ definition.
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME profile VCARD
+
+ Profile name: VCARD
+
+ Profile purpose: To hold person object or white-pages type of
+ directory information. The person schema captured in the directory
+ entries is that commonly found in an electronic business card.
+
+ Predefined MIME Directory value specifications used: uri, date,
+ date-time, float
+
+ New value specifications: This profile places further constraints on
+ the [MIME-DIR] text value specification. In addition, it adds a
+ binary, phone-number, utc-offset and vcard value specifications.
+
+ Predefined MIME Directory types used: SOURCE, NAME, PROFILE, BEGIN,
+ END.
+
+ Predefined MIME Directory parameters used: ENCODING, VALUE, CHARSET,
+ LANGUAGE, CONTEXT.
+
+ New types: FN, N, NICKNAME, PHOTO, BDAY, ADR, LABEL, TEL, EMAIL,
+ MAILER, TZ, GEO, TITLE, ROLE, LOGO, AGENT, ORG, CATEGORIES, NOTE,
+ PRODID, REV, SORT-STRING, SOUND, URL, UID, VERSION, CLASS, KEY
+
+ New parameters: TYPE
+
+ Profile special notes: The vCard object MUST contain the FN, N and
+ VERSION types. The type-grouping feature of [MIME-DIR] is supported
+ by this profile to group related vCard properties about a directory
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 4]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ entry. For example, vCard properties describing WORK or HOME related
+ characteristics can be grouped with a unique group label.
+
+ The profile permits the use of non-standard types (i.e., those
+ identified with the prefix string "X-") as a flexible method for
+ implementations to extend the functionality currently defined within
+ this profile.
+
+2. MIME Directory Features
+
+ The vCard MIME Directory Profile makes use of many of the features
+ defined by [MIME-DIR]. The following sections either clarify or
+ extend the content-type definition of [MIME-DIR].
+
+2.1 Predefined Type Usage
+
+ The vCard MIME Directory Profile uses the following predefined types
+ from [MIME-DIR].
+
+2.1.1 BEGIN and END Type
+
+ The content entity MUST begin with the BEGIN type with a value of
+ "VCARD". The content entity MUST end with the END type with a value
+ of "VCARD".
+
+2.1.2 NAME Type
+
+ If the NAME type is present, then its value is the displayable,
+ presentation text associated with the source for the vCard, as
+ specified in the SOURCE type.
+
+2.1.3 PROFILE Type
+
+ If the PROFILE type is present, then its value MUST be "VCARD".
+
+2.1.4 SOURCE Type
+
+ If the SOURCE type is present, then its value provides information
+ how to find the source for the vCard.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 5]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+2.2 Predefined Type Parameter Usage
+
+ The vCard MIME Directory Profile uses the following predefined type
+ parameters as defined by [MIME-DIR].
+
+ - LANGUAGE
+
+ - ENCODING
+
+ - VALUE
+
+2.3 Predefined VALUE Type Usage
+
+ The predefined data type values specified in [MIME-DIR] MUST NOT be
+ repeated in COMMA separated value lists except within the N,
+ NICKNAME, ADR and CATEGORIES value types.
+
+ The text value type defined in [MIME-DIR] is further restricted such
+ that any SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59) in the value MUST be
+ escaped with the BACKSLASH character (ASCII decimal 92).
+
+2.4 Extensions To The Predefined VALUE Types
+
+ The predefined data type values specified in [MIME-DIR] have been
+ extended by the vCard profile to include a number of value types that
+ are specific to this profile.
+
+2.4.1 BINARY
+
+ The "binary" value type specifies that the type value is inline,
+ encoded binary data. This value type can be specified in the PHOTO,
+ LOGO, SOUND, and KEY types.
+
+ If inline encoded binary data is specified, the ENCODING type
+ parameter MUST be used to specify the encoding format. The binary
+ data MUST be encoded using the "B" encoding format. Long lines of
+ encoded binary data SHOULD BE folded to 75 characters using the
+ folding method defined in [MIME-DIR].
+
+ The value type is defined by the following notation:
+
+ binary = <A "B" binary encoded string as defined by [RFC 2047].>
+
+2.4.2 VCARD
+
+ The "vcard" value type specifies that the type value is another
+ vCard. This value type can be specified in the AGENT type. The value
+ type is defined by this specification. Since each of the type
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 6]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ declarations with in the vcard value type are being specified within
+ a text value themselves, they MUST be terminated with the backslash
+ escape sequence "\n" or "\N", instead of the normal newline character
+ sequence CRLF. In addition, any COMMA character (ASCII decimal 44),
+ SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59) and COLON character (ASCII
+ decimal 58) MUST be escaped with the BACKSLASH character (ASCII
+ decimal 92). For example, with the AGENT type a value would be
+ specified as:
+
+ AGENT:BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Friday\nTEL:+1-919-555-7878\n
+ TITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant\n EMAIL\;TYPE=INTERN\n
+ ET:jfriday@host.com\nEND:VCARD\n
+
+2.4.3 PHONE-NUMBER
+
+ The "phone-number" value type specifies that the type value is a
+ telephone number. This value type can be specified in the TEL type.
+ The value type is a text value that has the special semantics of a
+ telephone number as defined in [CCITT E.163] and [CCITT X.121].
+
+2.4.4 UTC-OFFSET
+
+ The "utc-offset" value type specifies that the type value is a signed
+ offset from UTC. This value type can be specified in the TZ type.
+
+ The value type is an offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It
+ is specified as a positive or negative difference in units of hours
+ and minutes (e.g., +hh:mm). The time is specified as a 24-hour clock.
+ Hour values are from 00 to 23, and minute values are from 00 to 59.
+ Hour and minutes are 2-digits with high order zeroes required to
+ maintain digit count. The extended format for ISO 8601 UTC offsets
+ MUST be used. The extended format makes use of a colon character as a
+ separator of the hour and minute text fields.
+
+ The value is defined by the following notation:
+
+ time-hour = 2DIGIT ;00-23
+ time-minute = 2DIGIT ;00-59
+ utc-offset = ("+" / "-") time-hour ":" time-minute
+
+2.5 Structured Type Values
+
+ Compound type values are delimited by a field delimiter, specified by
+ the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59). A SEMI-COLON in a
+ component of a compound property value MUST be escaped with a
+ BACKSLASH character (ASCII decimal 92).
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 7]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Lists of values are delimited by a list delimiter, specified by the
+ COMMA character (ASCII decimal 44). A COMMA character in a value MUST
+ be escaped with a BACKSLASH character (ASCII decimal 92).
+
+ This profile supports the type grouping mechanism defined in [MIME-
+ DIR]. Grouping of related types is a useful technique to communicate
+ common semantics concerning the properties of a vCard.
+
+2.6 Line Delimiting and Folding
+
+ This profile supports the same line delimiting and folding methods
+ defined in [MIME-DIR]. Specifically, when parsing a content line,
+ folded lines must first be unfolded according to the unfolding
+ procedure described in [MIME-DIR]. After generating a content line,
+ lines longer than 75 characters SHOULD be folded according to the
+ folding procedure described in [MIME DIR].
+
+ Folding is done after any content encoding of a type value. Unfolding
+ is done before any decoding of a type value in a content line.
+
+3. vCard Profile Features
+
+ The vCard MIME Directory Profile Type contains directory information,
+ typically pertaining to a single directory entry. The information is
+ described using an attribute schema that is tailored for capturing
+ personal contact information. The vCard can include attributes that
+ describe identification, delivery addressing, telecommunications
+ addressing, geographical, organizational, general explanatory and
+ security and access information about the particular object
+ associated with the vCard.
+
+3.1 Identification Types
+
+ These types are used in the vCard profile to capture information
+ associated with the identification and naming of the person or
+ resource associated with the vCard.
+
+3.1.1 FN Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type FN
+
+ Type name:FN
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the formatted text corresponding to the name
+ of the object the vCard represents.
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 8]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: This type is based on the semantics of the X.520
+ Common Name attribute. The property MUST be present in the vCard
+ object.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ FN:Mr. John Q. Public\, Esq.
+
+3.1.2 N Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type N
+
+ Type name: N
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the components of the name of the object the
+ vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single structured text value. Each component can have
+ multiple values.
+
+ Type special note: The structured type value corresponds, in
+ sequence, to the Family Name, Given Name, Additional Names, Honorific
+ Prefixes, and Honorific Suffixes. The text components are separated
+ by the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59). Individual text
+ components can include multiple text values (e.g., multiple
+ Additional Names) separated by the COMMA character (ASCII decimal
+ 44). This type is based on the semantics of the X.520 individual name
+ attributes. The property MUST be present in the vCard object.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ N:Public;John;Quinlan;Mr.;Esq.
+
+ N:Stevenson;John;Philip,Paul;Dr.;Jr.,M.D.,A.C.P.
+
+3.1.3 NICKNAME Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type NICKNAME
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 9]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type name: NICKNAME
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the text corresponding to the nickname of
+ the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: One or more text values separated by a COMMA character
+ (ASCII decimal 44).
+
+ Type special note: The nickname is the descriptive name given instead
+ of or in addition to the one belonging to a person, place, or thing.
+ It can also be used to specify a familiar form of a proper name
+ specified by the FN or N types.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ NICKNAME:Robbie
+
+ NICKNAME:Jim,Jimmie
+
+3.1.4 PHOTO Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type PHOTO
+
+ Type name: PHOTO
+
+ Type purpose: To specify an image or photograph information that
+ annotates some aspect of the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
+ parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
+ value is referenced by a URI value, then the default encoding of 8bit
+ is used and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
+
+ Type value: A single value. The default is binary value. It can also
+ be reset to uri value. The uri value can be used to specify a value
+ outside of this MIME entity.
+
+ Type special notes: The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to
+ specify the graphic image format type. The TYPE parameter values MUST
+ be one of the IANA registered image formats or a non-standard image
+ format.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 10]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type example:
+
+ PHOTO;VALUE=uri:http://www.abc.com/pub/photos
+ /jqpublic.gif
+
+
+ PHOTO;ENCODING=b;TYPE=JPEG:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJKoZIhvcN
+ AQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENvbW11bm
+ ljYXRpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiBTeXN0
+ <...remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
+
+3.1.5 BDAY Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type BDAY
+
+ Type name: BDAY
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the birth date of the object the vCard
+ represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: The default is a single date value. It can also be reset
+ to a single date-time value.
+
+ Type examples:
+
+ BDAY:1996-04-15
+
+ BDAY:1953-10-15T23:10:00Z
+
+ BDAY:1987-09-27T08:30:00-06:00
+
+3.2 Delivery Addressing Types
+
+ These types are concerned with information related to the delivery
+ addressing or label for the vCard object.
+
+3.2.1 ADR Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type ADR
+
+ Type name: ADR
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 11]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the components of the delivery address for
+ the vCard object.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single structured text value, separated by the
+ SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59).
+
+ Type special notes: The structured type value consists of a sequence
+ of address components. The component values MUST be specified in
+ their corresponding position. The structured type value corresponds,
+ in sequence, to the post office box; the extended address; the street
+ address; the locality (e.g., city); the region (e.g., state or
+ province); the postal code; the country name. When a component value
+ is missing, the associated component separator MUST still be
+ specified.
+
+ The text components are separated by the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII
+ decimal 59). Where it makes semantic sense, individual text
+ components can include multiple text values (e.g., a "street"
+ component with multiple lines) separated by the COMMA character
+ (ASCII decimal 44).
+
+ The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to specify the
+ delivery address type. The TYPE parameter values can include "dom" to
+ indicate a domestic delivery address; "intl" to indicate an
+ international delivery address; "postal" to indicate a postal
+ delivery address; "parcel" to indicate a parcel delivery address;
+ "home" to indicate a delivery address for a residence; "work" to
+ indicate delivery address for a place of work; and "pref" to indicate
+ the preferred delivery address when more than one address is
+ specified. These type parameter values can be specified as a
+ parameter list (i.e., "TYPE=dom;TYPE=postal") or as a value list
+ (i.e., "TYPE=dom,postal"). This type is based on semantics of the
+ X.520 geographical and postal addressing attributes. The default is
+ "TYPE=intl,postal,parcel,work". The default can be overridden to some
+ other set of values by specifying one or more alternate values. For
+ example, the default can be reset to "TYPE=dom,postal,work,home" to
+ specify a domestic delivery address for postal delivery to a
+ residence that is also used for work.
+
+ Type example: In this example the post office box and the extended
+ address are absent.
+
+ ADR;TYPE=dom,home,postal,parcel:;;123 Main
+ Street;Any Town;CA;91921-1234
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 12]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+3.2.2 LABEL Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type LABEL
+
+ Type name: LABEL
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the formatted text corresponding to delivery
+ address of the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: The type value is formatted text that can be used
+ to present a delivery address label for the vCard object. The type
+ can include the type parameter "TYPE" to specify delivery label type.
+ The TYPE parameter values can include "dom" to indicate a domestic
+ delivery label; "intl" to indicate an international delivery label;
+ "postal" to indicate a postal delivery label; "parcel" to indicate a
+ parcel delivery label; "home" to indicate a delivery label for a
+ residence; "work" to indicate delivery label for a place of work; and
+ "pref" to indicate the preferred delivery label when more than one
+ label is specified. These type parameter values can be specified as a
+ parameter list (i.e., "TYPE=dom;TYPE=postal") or as a value list
+ (i.e., "TYPE=dom,postal"). This type is based on semantics of the
+ X.520 geographical and postal addressing attributes. The default is
+ "TYPE=intl,postal,parcel,work". The default can be overridden to some
+ other set of values by specifying one or more alternate values. For
+ example, the default can be reset to "TYPE=intl,post,parcel,home" to
+ specify an international delivery label for both postal and parcel
+ delivery to a residential location.
+
+ Type example: A multi-line address label.
+
+ LABEL;TYPE=dom,home,postal,parcel:Mr.John Q. Public\, Esq.\n
+ Mail Drop: TNE QB\n123 Main Street\nAny Town\, CA 91921-1234
+ \nU.S.A.
+
+3.3 Telecommunications Addressing Types
+
+ These types are concerned with information associated with the
+ telecommunications addressing of the object the vCard represents.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 13]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+3.3.1 TEL Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type TEL
+
+ Type name: TEL
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the telephone number for telephony
+ communication with the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single phone-number value.
+
+ Type special notes: The value of this type is specified in a
+ canonical form in order to specify an unambiguous representation of
+ the globally unique telephone endpoint. This type is based on the
+ X.500 Telephone Number attribute.
+
+ The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to specify intended
+ use for the telephone number. The TYPE parameter values can include:
+ "home" to indicate a telephone number associated with a residence,
+ "msg" to indicate the telephone number has voice messaging support,
+ "work" to indicate a telephone number associated with a place of
+ work, "pref" to indicate a preferred-use telephone number, "voice" to
+ indicate a voice telephone number, "fax" to indicate a facsimile
+ telephone number, "cell" to indicate a cellular telephone number,
+ "video" to indicate a video conferencing telephone number, "pager" to
+ indicate a paging device telephone number, "bbs" to indicate a
+ bulletin board system telephone number, "modem" to indicate a MODEM
+ connected telephone number, "car" to indicate a car-phone telephone
+ number, "isdn" to indicate an ISDN service telephone number, "pcs" to
+ indicate a personal communication services telephone number. The
+ default type is "voice". These type parameter values can be specified
+ as a parameter list (i.e., "TYPE=work;TYPE=voice") or as a value list
+ (i.e., "TYPE=work,voice"). The default can be overridden to another
+ set of values by specifying one or more alternate values. For
+ example, the default TYPE of "voice" can be reset to a WORK and HOME,
+ VOICE and FAX telephone number by the value list
+ "TYPE=work,home,voice,fax".
+
+ Type example:
+
+ TEL;TYPE=work,voice,pref,msg:+1-213-555-1234
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 14]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+3.3.2 EMAIL Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type EMAIL
+
+ Type name: EMAIL
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the electronic mail address for
+ communication with the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to
+ specify the format or preference of the electronic mail address. The
+ TYPE parameter values can include: "internet" to indicate an Internet
+ addressing type, "x400" to indicate a X.400 addressing type or "pref"
+ to indicate a preferred-use email address when more than one is
+ specified. Another IANA registered address type can also be
+ specified. The default email type is "internet". A non-standard value
+ can also be specified.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ EMAIL;TYPE=internet:jqpublic@xyz.dom1.com
+
+ EMAIL;TYPE=internet:jdoe@isp.net
+
+ EMAIL;TYPE=internet,pref:jane_doe@abc.com
+
+3.3.3 MAILER Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type MAILER
+
+ Type name: MAILER
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the type of electronic mail software that is
+ used by the individual associated with the vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 15]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type special notes: This information can provide assistance to a
+ correspondent regarding the type of data representation which can be
+ used, and how they can be packaged. This property is based on the
+ private MIME type X-Mailer that is generally implemented by MIME user
+ agent products.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ MAILER:PigeonMail 2.1
+
+3.4 Geographical Types
+
+ These types are concerned with information associated with
+ geographical positions or regions associated with the object the
+ vCard represents.
+
+3.4.1 TZ Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type TZ
+
+ Type name: TZ
+
+ Type purpose: To specify information related to the time zone of the
+ object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: The default is a single utc-offset value. It can also be
+ reset to a single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: The type value consists of a single value.
+
+ Type examples:
+
+ TZ:-05:00
+
+ TZ;VALUE=text:-05:00; EST; Raleigh/North America
+ ;This example has a single value, not a structure text value.
+
+3.4.2 GEO Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type GEO
+
+ Type name: GEO
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 16]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type purpose: To specify information related to the global
+ positioning of the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single structured value consisting of two float values
+ separated by the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59).
+
+ Type special notes: This type specifies information related to the
+ global position of the object associated with the vCard. The value
+ specifies latitude and longitude, in that order (i.e., "LAT LON"
+ ordering). The longitude represents the location east and west of the
+ prime meridian as a positive or negative real number, respectively.
+ The latitude represents the location north and south of the equator
+ as a positive or negative real number, respectively. The longitude
+ and latitude values MUST be specified as decimal degrees and should
+ be specified to six decimal places. This will allow for granularity
+ within a meter of the geographical position. The text components are
+ separated by the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59). The simple
+ formula for converting degrees-minutes-seconds into decimal degrees
+ is:
+
+ decimal = degrees + minutes/60 + seconds/3600.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ GEO:37.386013;-122.082932
+
+3.5 Organizational Types
+
+ These types are concerned with information associated with
+ characteristics of the organization or organizational units of the
+ object the vCard represents.
+
+3.5.1 TITLE Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type TITLE
+
+ Type name: TITLE
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the job title, functional position or
+ function of the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 17]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type special notes: This type is based on the X.520 Title attribute.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ TITLE:Director\, Research and Development
+
+3.5.2 ROLE Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type ROLE
+
+ Type name: ROLE
+
+ Type purpose: To specify information concerning the role, occupation,
+ or business category of the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: This type is based on the X.520 Business Category
+ explanatory attribute. This property is included as an organizational
+ type to avoid confusion with the semantics of the TITLE type and
+ incorrect usage of that type when the semantics of this type is
+ intended.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ ROLE:Programmer
+
+3.5.3 LOGO Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type LOGO
+
+ Type name: LOGO
+
+ Type purpose: To specify a graphic image of a logo associated with
+ the object the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
+ parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
+ value is referenced by a URI value, then the default encoding of 8bit
+ is used and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 18]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type value: A single value. The default is binary value. It can also
+ be reset to uri value. The uri value can be used to specify a value
+ outside of this MIME entity.
+
+ Type special notes: The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to
+ specify the graphic image format type. The TYPE parameter values MUST
+ be one of the IANA registered image formats or a non-standard image
+ format.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ LOGO;VALUE=uri:http://www.abc.com/pub/logos/abccorp.jpg
+
+ LOGO;ENCODING=b;TYPE=JPEG:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJKoZIhvcN
+ AQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENvbW11bm
+ ljYXRpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiBTeXN0
+ <...the remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
+
+3.5.4 AGENT Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type AGENT
+
+ Type name: AGENT
+
+ Type purpose: To specify information about another person who will
+ act on behalf of the individual or resource associated with the
+ vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8-bit
+
+ Type value: The default is a single vcard value. It can also be reset
+ to either a single text or uri value. The text value can be used to
+ specify textual information. The uri value can be used to specify
+ information outside of this MIME entity.
+
+ Type special notes: This type typically is used to specify an area
+ administrator, assistant, or secretary for the individual associated
+ with the vCard. A key characteristic of the Agent type is that it
+ represents somebody or something that is separately addressable.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ AGENT;VALUE=uri:
+ CID:JQPUBLIC.part3.960129T083020.xyzMail@host3.com
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 19]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ AGENT:BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Susan Thomas\nTEL:+1-919-555-
+ 1234\nEMAIL\;INTERNET:sthomas@host.com\nEND:VCARD\n
+
+3.5.5 ORG Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type ORG
+
+ Type name: ORG
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the organizational name and units associated
+ with the vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single structured text value consisting of components
+ separated the SEMI-COLON character (ASCII decimal 59).
+
+ Type special notes: The type is based on the X.520 Organization Name
+ and Organization Unit attributes. The type value is a structured type
+ consisting of the organization name, followed by one or more levels
+ of organizational unit names.
+
+ Type example: A type value consisting of an organizational name,
+ organizational unit #1 name and organizational unit #2 name.
+
+ ORG:ABC\, Inc.;North American Division;Marketing
+
+3.6 Explanatory Types
+
+ These types are concerned with additional explanations, such as that
+ related to informational notes or revisions specific to the vCard.
+
+3.6.1 CATEGORIES Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type CATEGORIES
+
+ Type name: CATEGORIES
+
+ Type purpose: To specify application category information about the
+ vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 20]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type value: One or more text values separated by a COMMA character
+ (ASCII decimal 44).
+
+ Type example:
+
+ CATEGORIES:TRAVEL AGENT
+
+ CATEGORIES:INTERNET,IETF,INDUSTRY,INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
+
+3.6.2 NOTE Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type NOTE
+
+ Type name: NOTE
+
+ Type purpose: To specify supplemental information or a comment that
+ is associated with the vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: The type is based on the X.520 Description
+ attribute.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ NOTE:This fax number is operational 0800 to 1715
+ EST\, Mon-Fri.
+
+3.6.3 PRODID Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type PRODID
+
+ Type name: PRODID
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the identifier for the product that created
+ the vCard object.
+
+ Type encoding: 8-bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 21]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type special notes: Implementations SHOULD use a method such as that
+ specified for Formal Public Identifiers in ISO 9070 to assure that
+ the text value is unique.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ PRODID:-//ONLINE DIRECTORY//NONSGML Version 1//EN
+
+3.6.4 REV Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type REV
+
+ Type name: REV
+
+ Type purpose: To specify revision information about the current
+ vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8-bit
+
+ Type value: The default is a single date-time value. Can also be
+ reset to a single date value.
+
+ Type special notes: The value distinguishes the current revision of
+ the information in this vCard for other renditions of the
+ information.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ REV:1995-10-31T22:27:10Z
+
+ REV:1997-11-15
+
+3.6.5 SORT-STRING Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type SORT-STRING
+
+ Type Name: SORT-STRING
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the family name or given name text to be
+ used for national-language-specific sorting of the FN and N types.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 22]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type special notes: The sort string is used to provide family name or
+ given name text that is to be used in locale- or national-language-
+ specific sorting of the formatted name and structured name types.
+ Without this information, sorting algorithms could incorrectly sort
+ this vCard within a sequence of sorted vCards. When this type is
+ present in a vCard, then this family name or given name value is used
+ for sorting the vCard.
+
+ Type examples: For the case of family name sorting, the following
+ examples define common sort string usage with the FN and N types.
+
+ FN:Rene van der Harten
+ N:van der Harten;Rene;J.;Sir;R.D.O.N.
+ SORT-STRING:Harten
+
+ FN:Robert Pau Shou Chang
+ N:Pau;Shou Chang;Robert
+ SORT-STRING:Pau
+
+ FN:Osamu Koura
+ N:Koura;Osamu
+ SORT-STRING:Koura
+
+ FN:Oscar del Pozo
+ N:del Pozo Triscon;Oscar
+ SORT-STRING:Pozo
+
+ FN:Chistine d'Aboville
+ N:d'Aboville;Christine
+ SORT-STRING:Aboville
+
+3.6.6 SOUND Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type SOUND
+
+ Type name: SOUND
+
+ Type purpose: To specify a digital sound content information that
+ annotates some aspect of the vCard. By default this type is used to
+ specify the proper pronunciation of the name type value of the vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
+ parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
+ value is referenced by a URI value, then the default encoding of 8bit
+ is used and no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 23]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type value: A single value. The default is binary value. It can also
+ be reset to uri value. The uri value can be used to specify a value
+ outside of this MIME entity.
+
+ Type special notes: The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to
+ specify the audio format type. The TYPE parameter values MUST be one
+ of the IANA registered audio formats or a non-standard audio format.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ SOUND;TYPE=BASIC;VALUE=uri:CID:JOHNQPUBLIC.part8.
+ 19960229T080000.xyzMail@host1.com
+
+ SOUND;TYPE=BASIC;ENCODING=b:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJKoZIhvcN
+ AQEEBQAwdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENvbW11bm
+ ljYXRpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiBTeXN0
+ <...the remainder of "B" encoded binary data...>
+
+3.6.7 UID Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type UID
+
+ Type name: UID
+
+ Type purpose: To specify a value that represents a globally unique
+ identifier corresponding to the individual or resource associated
+ with the vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: The type is used to uniquely identify the object
+ that the vCard represents.
+
+ The type can include the type parameter "TYPE" to specify the format
+ of the identifier. The TYPE parameter value should be an IANA
+ registered identifier format. The value can also be a non-standard
+ format.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ UID:19950401-080045-40000F192713-0052
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 24]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+3.6.8 URL Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type URL
+
+ Type name: URL
+
+ Type purpose: To specify a uniform resource locator associated with
+ the object that the vCard refers to.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single uri value.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ URL:http://www.swbyps.restaurant.french/~chezchic.html
+
+3.6.9 VERSION Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type VERSION
+
+ Type name: VERSION
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the version of the vCard specification used
+ to format this vCard.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: The property MUST be present in the vCard object.
+ The value MUST be "3.0" if the vCard corresponds to this
+ specification.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ VERSION:3.0
+
+3.7 Security Types
+
+ These types are concerned with the security of communication pathways
+ or access to the vCard.
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 25]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+3.7.1 CLASS Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type CLASS
+
+ Type name: CLASS
+
+ Type purpose: To specify the access classification for a vCard
+ object.
+
+ Type encoding: 8bit
+
+ Type value: A single text value.
+
+ Type special notes: An access classification is only one component of
+ the general security model for a directory service. The
+ classification attribute provides a method of capturing the intent of
+ the owner for general access to information described by the vCard
+ object.
+
+ Type examples:
+
+ CLASS:PUBLIC
+
+ CLASS:PRIVATE
+
+ CLASS:CONFIDENTIAL
+
+3.7.2 KEY Type Definition
+
+ To: ietf-mime-directory@imc.org
+
+ Subject: Registration of text/directory MIME type KEY
+
+ Type name: KEY
+
+ Type purpose: To specify a public key or authentication certificate
+ associated with the object that the vCard represents.
+
+ Type encoding: The encoding MUST be reset to "b" using the ENCODING
+ parameter in order to specify inline, encoded binary data. If the
+ value is a text value, then the default encoding of 8bit is used and
+ no explicit ENCODING parameter is needed.
+
+ Type value: A single value. The default is binary. It can also be
+ reset to text value. The text value can be used to specify a text
+ key.
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 26]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ Type special notes: The type can also include the type parameter TYPE
+ to specify the public key or authentication certificate format. The
+ parameter type should specify an IANA registered public key or
+ authentication certificate format. The parameter type can also
+ specify a non-standard format.
+
+ Type example:
+
+ KEY;ENCODING=b:MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAgICBEUwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEEBQA
+ wdzELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxLDAqBgNVBAoTI05ldHNjYXBlIENbW11bmljYX
+ Rpb25zIENvcnBvcmF0aW9uMRwwGgYDVQQLExNJbmZvcm1hdGlvbiBTeXN0
+ ZW1zMRwwGgYDVQQDExNyb290Y2EubmV0c2NhcGUuY29tMB4XDTk3MDYwNj
+ E5NDc1OVoXDTk3MTIwMzE5NDc1OVowgYkxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMSYwJAYD
+ VQQKEx1OZXRzY2FwZSBDb21tdW5pY2F0aW9ucyBDb3JwLjEYMBYGA1UEAx
+ MPVGltb3RoeSBBIEhvd2VzMSEwHwYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhJob3dlc0BuZXRz
+ Y2FwZS5jb20xFTATBgoJkiaJk/IsZAEBEwVob3dlczBcMA0GCSqGSIb3DQ
+ EBAQUAA0sAMEgCQQC0JZf6wkg8pLMXHHCUvMfL5H6zjSk4vTTXZpYyrdN2
+ dXcoX49LKiOmgeJSzoiFKHtLOIboyludF90CgqcxtwKnAgMBAAGjNjA0MB
+ EGCWCGSAGG+EIBAQQEAwIAoDAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBT84FToB/GV3jr3mcau
+ +hUMbsQukjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFAAOBgQBexv7o7mi3PLXadkmNP9LcIP
+ mx93HGp0Kgyx1jIVMyNgsemeAwBM+MSlhMfcpbTrONwNjZYW8vJDSoi//y
+ rZlVt9bJbs7MNYZVsyF1unsqaln4/vy6Uawfg8VUMk1U7jt8LYpo4YULU7
+ UZHPYVUaSgVttImOHZIKi4hlPXBOhcUQ==
+
+3.8 Extended Types
+
+ The types defined by this document can be extended with private types
+ using the non-standard, private values mechanism defined in [RFC
+ 2045]. Non-standard, private types with a name starting with "X-" may
+ be defined bilaterally between two cooperating agents without outside
+ registration or standardization.
+
+4. Formal Grammar
+
+ The following formal grammar is provided to assist developers in
+ building parsers for the vCard.
+
+ This syntax is written according to the form described in RFC 2234,
+ but it references just this small subset of RFC 2234 literals:
+
+ ;*******************************************
+ ; Commonly Used Literal Definition
+ ;*******************************************
+
+ ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A
+ ; Latin Capital Letter A-Latin Capital Letter Z /
+ ; Latin Small Letter a-Latin Small Letter z
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 27]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ CHAR = %x01-7F
+ ; Any C0 Controls and Basic Latin, excluding NULL from
+ ; Code Charts, pages 7-6 through 7-9 in [UNICODE]
+
+ CR = %x0D
+ ; Carriage Return
+
+ LF = %0A
+ ; Line Feed
+
+ CRLF = CR LF
+ ; Internet standard newline
+
+ ;CTL = %x00-1F / %x7F
+ ; Controls. Not used, but referenced in comments.
+
+ DIGIT = %x30-39
+ ; Digit Zero-Digit Nine
+
+ DQUOTE = %x22
+ ; Quotation Mark
+
+ HTAB = %x09
+ ; Horizontal Tabulation
+
+ SP = %x20
+ ; space
+
+ VCHAR = %x21-7E
+ ; Visible (printing) characters
+
+ WSP = SP / HTAB
+ ; White Space
+
+ ;*******************************************
+ ; Basic vCard Definition
+ ;*******************************************
+
+ vcard_entity = 1*(vcard)
+
+ vcard = [group "."] "BEGIN" ":" "VCARD" 1*CRLF
+ 1*(contentline)
+ ;A vCard object MUST include the VERSION, FN and N types.
+ [group "."] "END" ":" "VCARD" 1*CRLF
+
+ contentline = [group "."] name *(";" param ) ":" value CRLF
+ ; When parsing a content line, folded lines must first
+ ; be unfolded according to the unfolding procedure
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 28]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ ; described above. When generating a content line, lines
+ ; longer than 75 characters SHOULD be folded according to
+ ; the folding procedure described in [MIME DIR].
+
+ group = 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
+
+ name = iana-token / x-name
+ ; Parsing of the param and value is
+ ; based on the "name" or type identifier
+ ; as defined in ABNF sections below
+
+ iana-token = 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
+ ; vCard type or parameter identifier registered with IANA
+
+ x-name = "X-" 1*(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
+ ; Reserved for non-standard use
+
+ param = param-name "=" param-value *("," param-value)
+
+ param-name = iana-token / x-name
+
+ param-value = ptext / quoted-string
+
+ ptext = *SAFE-CHAR
+
+ value = *VALUE-CHAR
+
+ quoted-string = DQUOTE QSAFE-CHAR DQUOTE
+
+ NON-ASCII = %x80-FF
+ ; Use is restricted by CHARSET parameter
+ ; on outer MIME object (UTF-8 preferred)
+
+ QSAFE-CHAR = WSP / %x21 / %x23-7E / NON-ASCII
+ ; Any character except CTLs, DQUOTE
+
+ SAFE-CHAR = WSP / %x21 / %x23-2B / %x2D-39 / %x3C-7E / NON-ASCII
+ ; Any character except CTLs, DQUOTE, ";", ":", ","
+
+ VALUE-CHAR = WSP / VCHAR / NON-ASCII
+ ; Any textual character
+
+ ;*******************************************
+ ; vCard Type Definition
+ ;
+ ; Provides type-specific definitions for how the
+ ; "value" and "param" are defined.
+ ;*******************************************
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 29]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ ;For name="NAME"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="PROFILE"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+ ; Value MUST be the case insensitive value "VCARD
+
+ ;For name="SOURCE"
+ param = source-param
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = uri
+
+ source-param = ("VALUE" "=" "uri")
+ / ("CONTEXT" "=" "word")
+ ; Parameter value specifies the protocol context
+ ; for the uri value.
+ / (x-name "=" *SAFE-CHAR)
+
+ ;For name="FN"
+ ;This type MUST be included in a vCard object.
+ param = text-param
+ ; Text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="N"
+ ;This type MUST be included in a vCard object.
+
+ param = text-param
+ ; Text parameters allowed
+
+ value = n-value
+
+ n-value = 0*4(text-value *("," text-value) ";")
+ text-value *("," text-value)
+ ; Family; Given; Middle; Prefix; Suffix.
+ ; Example: Public;John;Quincy,Adams;Reverend Dr. III
+
+ ;For name="NICKNAME"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Text parameters allowed
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 30]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ value = text-list
+
+ ;For name="PHOTO"
+ param = img-inline-param
+ ; Only image parameters allowed
+
+ param =/ img-refer-param
+ ; Only image parameters allowed
+
+ value = img-inline-value
+ ; Value and parameter MUST match
+
+ value =/ img-refer-value
+ ; Value and parameter MUST match
+
+ ;For name="BDAY"
+ param = ("VALUE" "=" "date")
+ ; Only value parameter allowed
+
+ param =/ ("VALUE" "=" "date-time")
+ ; Only value parameter allowed
+
+ value = date-value
+ ; Value MUST match value type
+
+ value =/ date-time-value
+ ; Value MUST match value type
+
+ ;For name="ADR"
+ param = adr-param / text-param
+ ; Only adr and text parameters allowed
+
+ value = adr-value
+
+ ;For name="LABEL"
+ param = adr-param / text-param
+ ; Only adr and text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="TEL"
+ param = tel-param
+ ; Only tel parameters allowed
+
+ value = phone-number-value
+
+ tel-param = "TYPE" "=" tel-type *("," tel-type)
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 31]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ tel-type = "HOME" / "WORK" / "PREF" / "VOICE" / "FAX" / "MSG"
+ / "CELL" / "PAGER" / "BBS" / "MODEM" / "CAR" / "ISDN"
+ / "VIDEO" / "PCS" / iana-token / x-name
+ ; Values are case insensitive
+
+ ;For name="EMAIL"
+ param = email-param
+ ; Only email parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ email-param = "TYPE" "=" email-type ["," "PREF"]
+ ; Value is case insensitive
+
+ email-type = "INTERNET" / "X400" / iana-token / "X-" word
+ ; Values are case insensitive
+
+ ;For name="MAILER"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="TZ"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = utc-offset-value
+
+ ;For name="GEO"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = float-value ";" float-value
+
+ ;For name="TITLE"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="ROLE"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="LOGO"
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 32]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ param = img-inline-param / img-refer-param
+ ; Only image parameters allowed
+
+ value = img-inline-value / img-refer-value
+ ; Value and parameter MUST match
+
+ ;For name="AGENT"
+ param = agent-inline-param
+
+ param =/ agent-refer-param
+
+ value = agent-inline-value
+ ; Value and parameter MUST match
+
+ value =/ agent-refer-value
+ ; Value and parameter MUST match
+
+ agent-inline-param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ agent-refer-param = "VALUE" "=" "uri"
+ ; Only value parameter allowed
+
+ agent-inline-value = text-value
+ ; Value MUST be a valid vCard object
+
+ agent-refer-value = uri
+ ; URI MUST refer to image content of given type
+
+ ;For name="ORG"
+
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+ value = org-value
+
+ org-value = *(text-value ";") text-value
+ ; First is Organization Name, remainder are Organization Units.
+
+ ;For name="CATEGORIES"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-list
+
+ ;For name="NOTE"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 33]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="PRODID"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="REV"
+ param = ["VALUE" =" "date-time"]
+ ; Only value parameters allowed. Values are case insensitive.
+
+ param =/ "VALUE" =" "date"
+ ; Only value parameters allowed. Values are case insensitive.
+
+ value = date-time-value
+
+ value =/ date-value
+
+ ;For name="SORT-STRING"
+ param = text-param
+ ; Only text parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="SOUND"
+ param = snd-inline-param
+ ; Only sound parameters allowed
+
+ param =/ snd-refer-param
+ ; Only sound parameters allowed
+
+ value = snd-line-value
+ ; Value MUST match value type
+
+ value =/ snd-refer-value
+ ; Value MUST match value type
+
+ snd-inline-value = binary-value CRLF
+ ; Value MUST be "b" encoded audio content
+
+ snd-inline-param = ("VALUE" "=" "binary"])
+ / ("ENCODING" "=" "b")
+ / ("TYPE" "=" *SAFE-CHAR)
+ ; Value MUST be an IANA registered audio type
+
+ snd-refer-value = uri
+ ; URI MUST refer to audio content of given type
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 34]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ snd-refer-param = ("VALUE" "=" "uri")
+ / ("TYPE" "=" word)
+ ; Value MUST be an IANA registered audio type
+
+ ;For name="UID"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;For name="URL"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = uri
+
+ ;For name="VERSION"
+ ;This type MUST be included in a vCard object.
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+ ; Value MUST be "3.0"
+
+ ;For name="CLASS"
+ param = ""
+ ; No parameters allowed
+
+ value = "PUBLIC" / "PRIVATE" / "CONFIDENTIAL"
+ / iana-token / x-name
+ ; Value are case insensitive
+
+ ;For name="KEY"
+ param = key-txt-param
+ ; Only value and type parameters allowed
+
+ param =/ key-bin-param
+ ; Only value and type parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ value =/ binary-value
+
+ key-txt-param = "TYPE" "=" keytype
+
+ key-bin-param = ("TYPE" "=" keytype)
+ / ("ENCODING" "=" "b")
+ ; Value MUST be a "b" encoded key or certificate
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 35]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ keytype = "X509" / "PGP" / iana-token / x-name
+ ; Values are case insensitive
+
+ ;For name="X-" non-standard type
+ param = text-param / (x-name "=" param-value)
+ ; Only text or non-standard parameters allowed
+
+ value = text-value
+
+ ;*******************************************
+ ; vCard Commonly Used Parameter Definition
+ ;*******************************************
+
+ text-param = ("VALUE" "=" "ptext")
+ / ("LANGUAGE" "=" langval)
+ / (x-name "=" param-value)
+
+ langval = <a language string as defined in RFC 1766>
+
+ img-inline-value = binary-value
+ ;Value MUST be "b" encoded image content
+
+ img-inline-param
+
+ img-inline-param = ("VALUE" "=" "binary")
+ / ("ENCODING" "=" "b")
+ / ("TYPE" "=" param-value
+ ;TYPE value MUST be an IANA registered image type
+
+ img-refer-value = uri
+ ;URI MUST refer to image content of given type
+
+ img-refer-param = ("VALUE" "=" "uri")
+ / ("TYPE" "=" param-value)
+ ;TYPE value MUST be an IANA registered image type
+
+ adr-param = ("TYPE" "=" adr-type *("," adr-type))
+ / (text-param)
+
+ adr-type = "dom" / "intl" / "postal" / "parcel" / "home"
+ / "work" / "pref" / iana-type / x-name
+
+ adr-value = 0*6(text-value ";") text-value
+ ; PO Box, Extended Address, Street, Locality, Region, Postal
+ ; Code, Country Name
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 36]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ ;*******************************************
+ ; vCard Type Value Definition
+ ;*******************************************
+
+ text-value-list = 1*text-value *("," 1*text-value)
+
+ text-value = *(SAFE-CHAR / ":" / DQUOTE / ESCAPED-CHAR)
+
+ ESCAPED-CHAR = "\\" / "\;" / "\," / "\n" / "\N")
+ ; \\ encodes \, \n or \N encodes newline
+ ; \; encodes ;, \, encodes ,
+
+ binary-value = <A "b" encoded text value as defined in [RFC 2047]>
+
+ date-value = <A single date value as defined in [MIME-DIR]>
+
+ time-value = <A single time value as defined in [MIME-DIR]>
+
+ date-time-value = <A single date-time value as defined in [MIME-DIR]
+
+ float-value = <A single float value as defined in [MIME-DIR]>
+
+ phone-number-value = <A single text value as defined in [CCITT
+ E.163] and [CCITT X.121]>
+
+ uri-value = <A uri value as defined in [MIME-DIR]>
+
+ utc-offset-value = ("+" / "-") time-hour ":" time-minute
+ time-hour = 2DIGIT ;00-23
+ time-minute = 2DIGIT ;00-59
+
+5. Differences From vCard v2.1
+
+ This specification has been reviewed by the IETF community. The
+ review process introduced a number of differences from the [VCARD]
+ version 2.1. These differences require that vCard objects conforming
+ to this specification have a different version number than a vCard
+ conforming to [VCARD]. The differences include the following:
+
+ . The QUOTED-PRINTABLE inline encoding has been eliminated.
+ Only the "B" encoding of [RFC 2047] is an allowed value for
+ the ENCODING parameter.
+
+ . The method for specifying CRLF character sequences in text
+ type values has been changed. The CRLF character sequence in
+ a text type value is specified with the backslash character
+ sequence "\n" or "\N".
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 37]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ . Any COMMA or SEMICOLON in a text type value must be backslash
+ escaped.
+
+ . VERSION value corresponding to this specification MUST be
+ "3.0".
+
+ . The [MIME-DIR] predefined types of SOURCE, NAME and PROFILE
+ are allowed.
+
+ . The [MIME-DIR] VALUE type parameter for value data typing is
+ allowed. In addition, there are extensions made to these type
+ values for additional value types used in this specification.
+
+ . The [VCARD] CHARSET type parameter has been eliminated.
+ Character set can only be specified on the CHARSET parameter
+ on the Content-Type MIME header field.
+
+ . The [VCARD] support for non-significant WSP character has
+ been eliminated.
+
+ . The "TYPE=" prefix to parameter values is required. In
+ [VCARD] this was optional.
+
+ . LOGO, PHOTO and SOUND multimedia formats MUST be either IANA
+ registered types or non-standard types.
+
+ . Inline binary content must be "B" encoded and folded. A blank
+ line after the encoded binary content is no longer required.
+
+ . TEL values can be identified as personal communication
+ services telephone numbers with the PCS type parameter value.
+
+ . The CATEGORIES, CLASS, NICKNAME, PRODID and SORT-STRING types
+ have been added.
+
+ . The VERSION, N and FN types MUST be specified in a vCard.
+ This identifies the version of the specification that the
+ object was formatted to. It also assures that every vCard
+ will include both a structured and formatted name that can be
+ used to identify the object.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 38]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+6. Acknowledgements
+
+ The many valuable comments contributed by members of the IETF ASID
+ working group are gratefully acknowledged, as are the contributions
+ by Roland Alden, Stephen Bartlett, Alec Dun, Patrik Faltstrom, Daniel
+ Gurney, Bruce Johnston, Daniel Klaussen, Pete Miller, Keith Moore,
+ Vinod Seraphin, Michelle Watkins. Chris Newman was especially helpful
+ in navigating the intricacies of ABNF lore.
+
+7. Authors' Addresses
+
+ BEGIN:vCard
+ VERSION:3.0
+ FN:Frank Dawson
+ ORG:Lotus Development Corporation
+ ADR;TYPE=WORK,POSTAL,PARCEL:;;6544 Battleford Drive
+ ;Raleigh;NC;27613-3502;U.S.A.
+ TEL;TYPE=VOICE,MSG,WORK:+1-919-676-9515
+ TEL;TYPE=FAX,WORK:+1-919-676-9564
+ EMAIL;TYPE=INTERNET,PREF:Frank_Dawson@Lotus.com
+ EMAIL;TYPE=INTERNET:fdawson@earthlink.net
+ URL:http://home.earthlink.net/~fdawson
+ END:vCard
+
+
+ BEGIN:vCard
+ VERSION:3.0
+ FN:Tim Howes
+ ORG:Netscape Communications Corp.
+ ADR;TYPE=WORK:;;501 E. Middlefield Rd.;Mountain View;
+ CA; 94043;U.S.A.
+ TEL;TYPE=VOICE,MSG,WORK:+1-415-937-3419
+ TEL;TYPE=FAX,WORK:+1-415-528-4164
+ EMAIL;TYPE=INTERNET:howes@netscape.com
+ END:vCard
+
+8. Security Considerations
+
+ vCards can carry cryptographic keys or certificates, as described in
+ Section 3.7.2.
+
+ Section 3.7.1 specifies a desired security classification policy for
+ a particular vCard. That policy is not enforced in any way.
+
+ The vCard objects have no inherent authentication or privacy, but can
+ easily be carried by any security mechanism that transfers MIME
+ objects with authentication or privacy. In cases where threats of
+ "spoofed" vCard information is a concern, the vCard SHOULD BE
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 39]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ transported using one of these secure mechanisms.
+
+ The information in a vCard may become out of date. In cases where the
+ vitality of data is important to an originator of a vCard, the "URL"
+ type described in section 3.6.8 SHOULD BE specified. In addition, the
+ "REV" type described in section 3.6.4 can be specified to indicate
+ the last time that the vCard data was updated.
+
+9. References
+
+ [ISO 8601] ISO 8601:1988 - Data elements and interchange formats -
+ Information interchange - Representation of dates and
+ times - The International Organization for
+ Standardization, June, 1988.
+
+ [ISO 8601 TC] ISO 8601, Technical Corrigendum 1 - Data elements and
+ interchange formats - Information interchange -
+ Representation of dates and times - The International
+ Organization for Standardization, May, 1991.
+
+ [ISO 9070] ISO 9070, Information Processing - SGML support
+ facilities - Registration Procedures for Public Text
+ Owner Identifiers, April, 1991.
+
+ [CCITT E.163] Recommendation E.163 - Numbering Plan for The
+ International Telephone Service, CCITT Blue Book,
+ Fascicle II.2, pp. 128-134, November, 1988.
+
+ [CCITT X.121] Recommendation X.121 - International Numbering Plan for
+ Public Data Networks, CCITT Blue Book, Fascicle VIII.3,
+ pp. 317-332, November, 1988.
+
+ [CCITT X.520] Recommendation X.520 - The Directory - Selected
+ Attribute Types, November 1988.
+
+ [CCITT X.521] Recommendation X.521 - The Directory - Selected Object
+ Classes, November 1988.
+
+ [MIME-DIR] Howes, T., Smith, M., and F. Dawson, "A MIME Content-
+ Type for Directory Information", RFC 2425, September
+ 1998.
+
+ [RFC 1738] Berners-Lee, T., Masinter, L., and M. McCahill,
+ "Uniform Resource Locators (URL)", RFC 1738, December
+ 1994.
+
+ [RFC 1766] Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of
+ Languages", RFC 1766, March 1995.
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 40]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+ [RFC 1872] Levinson, E., "The MIME Multipart/Related Content-
+ type", RFC 1872, December 1995.
+
+ [RFC 2045] Freed, N., and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet
+ Mail Extensions (MIME) - Part One: Format of Internet
+ Message Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.
+
+ [RFC 2046] Freed, N., and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet
+ Mail Extensions (MIME) - Part Two: Media Types", RFC
+ 2046, November 1996.
+
+ [RFC 2047] Moore, K., "Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
+ (MIME) - Part Three: Message Header Extensions for
+ Non-ASCII Text", RFC 2047, November 1996.
+
+ [RFC 2048] Freed, N., Klensin, J., and J. Postel, "Multipurpose
+ Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) - Part Four:
+ Registration Procedures", RFC 2048, January 1997.
+
+ [RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
+ Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
+
+ [RFC 2234] Crocker, D., and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
+ Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997.
+
+ [UNICODE] "The Unicode Standard - Version 2.0", The Unicode
+ Consortium, July 1996.
+
+ [VCARD] Internet Mail Consortium, "vCard - The Electronic
+ Business Card Version 2.1",
+ http://www.imc.org/pdi/vcard-21.txt, September 18,
+ 1996.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 41]
+
+RFC 2426 vCard MIME Directory Profile September 1998
+
+
+10. Full Copyright Statement
+
+ Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998). All Rights Reserved.
+
+ This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
+ others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
+ or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
+ and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
+ kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
+ included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
+ document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
+ the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
+ Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
+ developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
+ copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
+ followed, or as required to translate it into languages other than
+ English.
+
+ The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
+ revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
+
+ This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
+ "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
+ TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
+ BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
+ HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Dawson & Howes Standards Track [Page 42]
+
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