1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
|
require 'cgi'
class Object
def to_param
to_s
end
end
class TrueClass
def to_param
self
end
end
class FalseClass
def to_param
self
end
end
class NilClass
def to_param
self
end
end
class Regexp
def number_of_captures
Regexp.new("|#{source}").match('').captures.length
end
class << self
def optionalize(pattern)
case unoptionalize(pattern)
when /\A(.|\(.*\))\Z/ then "#{pattern}?"
else "(?:#{pattern})?"
end
end
def unoptionalize(pattern)
[/\A\(\?:(.*)\)\?\Z/, /\A(.|\(.*\))\?\Z/].each do |regexp|
return $1 if regexp =~ pattern
end
return pattern
end
end
end
module ActionController
# == Routing
#
# The routing module provides URL rewriting in native Ruby. It's a way to
# redirect incoming requests to controllers and actions. This replaces
# mod_rewrite rules. Best of all Rails' Routing works with any web server.
# Routes are defined in routes.rb in your RAILS_ROOT/config directory.
#
# Consider the following route, installed by Rails when you generate your
# application:
#
# map.connect ':controller/:action/:id'
#
# This route states that it expects requests to consist of a
# :controller followed by an :action that in turns is fed by some :id
#
# Suppose you get an incoming request for <tt>/blog/edit/22</tt>, you'll end up
# with:
#
# params = { :controller => 'blog',
# :action => 'edit'
# :id => '22'
# }
#
# Think of creating routes as drawing a map for your requests. The map tells
# them where to go based on some predefined pattern:
#
# ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|
# Pattern 1 tells some request to go to one place
# Pattern 2 tell them to go to another
# ...
# end
#
# The following symbols are special:
#
# :controller maps to your controller name
# :action maps to an action with your controllers
#
# Other names simply map to a parameter as in the case of +:id+.
#
# == Route priority
#
# Not all routes are created equally. Routes have priority defined by the
# order of appearance of the routes in the routes.rb file. The priority goes
# from top to bottom. The last route in that file is at the lowest priority
# will be applied last. If no route matches, 404 is returned.
#
# Within blocks, the empty pattern goes first i.e. is at the highest priority.
# In practice this works out nicely:
#
# ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|
# map.with_options :controller => 'blog' do |blog|
# blog.show '', :action => 'list'
# end
# map.connect ':controller/:action/:view
# end
#
# In this case, invoking blog controller (with an URL like '/blog/')
# without parameters will activate the 'list' action by default.
#
# == Defaults routes and default parameters
#
# Setting a default route is straightforward in Rails because by appending a
# Hash to the end of your mapping you can set default parameters.
#
# Example:
# ActionController::Routing:Routes.draw do |map|
# map.connect ':controller/:action/:id', :controller => 'blog'
# end
#
# This sets up +blog+ as the default controller if no other is specified.
# This means visiting '/' would invoke the blog controller.
#
# More formally, you can define defaults in a route with the +:defaults+ key.
#
# map.connect ':controller/:id/:action', :action => 'show', :defaults => { :page => 'Dashboard' }
#
# == Named routes
#
# Routes can be named with the syntax <tt>map.name_of_route options</tt>,
# allowing for easy reference within your source as +name_of_route_url+.
#
# Example:
# # In routes.rb
# map.login 'login', :controller => 'accounts', :action => 'login'
#
# # With render, redirect_to, tests, etc.
# redirect_to login_url
#
# Arguments can be passed as well.
#
# redirect_to show_item_url(:id => 25)
#
# When using +with_options+, the name goes after the item passed to the block.
#
# ActionController::Routing::Routes.draw do |map|
# map.with_options :controller => 'blog' do |blog|
# blog.show '', :action => 'list'
# blog.delete 'delete/:id', :action => 'delete',
# blog.edit 'edit/:id', :action => 'edit'
# end
# map.connect ':controller/:action/:view
# end
#
# You would then use the named routes in your views:
#
# link_to @article.title, show_url(:id => @article.id)
#
# == Pretty URL's
#
# Routes can generate pretty URLs. For example:
#
# map.connect 'articles/:year/:month/:day',
# :controller => 'articles',
# :action => 'find_by_date',
# :year => /\d{4}/,
# :month => /\d{1,2}/,
# :day => /\d{1,2}/
#
# # Using the route above, the url below maps to:
# # params = {:year => '2005', :month => '11', :day => '06'}
# # http://localhost:3000/articles/2005/11/06
#
# == Regular Expressions and parameters
# You can specify a reqular expression to define a format for a parameter.
#
# map.geocode 'geocode/:postalcode', :controller => 'geocode',
# :action => 'show', :postalcode => /\d{5}(-\d{4})?/
#
# or more formally:
#
# map.geocode 'geocode/:postalcode', :controller => 'geocode',
# :action => 'show',
# :requirements { :postalcode => /\d{5}(-\d{4})?/ }
#
# == Route globbing
#
# Specifying <tt>*[string]</tt> as part of a rule like :
#
# map.connect '*path' , :controller => 'blog' , :action => 'unrecognized?'
#
# will glob all remaining parts of the route that were not recognized earlier. This idiom must appear at the end of the path. The globbed values are in <tt>params[:path]</tt> in this case.
#
# == Reloading routes
#
# You can reload routes if you feel you must:
#
# Action::Controller::Routes.reload
#
# This will clear all named routes and reload routes.rb
#
# == Testing Routes
#
# The two main methods for testing your routes:
#
# === +assert_routing+
#
# def test_movie_route_properly_splits
# opts = {:controller => "plugin", :action => "checkout", :id => "2"}
# assert_routing "plugin/checkout/2", opts
# end
#
# +assert_routing+ lets you test whether or not the route properly resolves into options.
#
# === +assert_recognizes+
#
# def test_route_has_options
# opts = {:controller => "plugin", :action => "show", :id => "12"}
# assert_recognizes opts, "/plugins/show/12"
# end
#
# Note the subtle difference between the two: +assert_routing+ tests that
# an URL fits options while +assert_recognizes+ tests that an URL
# breaks into parameters properly.
#
# In tests you can simply pass the URL or named route to +get+ or +post+.
#
# def send_to_jail
# get '/jail'
# assert_response :success
# assert_template "jail/front"
# end
#
# def goes_to_login
# get login_url
# #...
# end
#
module Routing
SEPARATORS = %w( / ; . , ? )
# The root paths which may contain controller files
mattr_accessor :controller_paths
self.controller_paths = []
class << self
def with_controllers(names)
use_controllers! names
yield
ensure
use_controllers! nil
end
def normalize_paths(paths)
# do the hokey-pokey of path normalization...
paths = paths.collect do |path|
path = path.
gsub("//", "/"). # replace double / chars with a single
gsub("\\\\", "\\"). # replace double \ chars with a single
gsub(%r{(.)[\\/]$}, '\1') # drop final / or \ if path ends with it
# eliminate .. paths where possible
re = %r{\w+[/\\]\.\.[/\\]}
path.gsub!(%r{\w+[/\\]\.\.[/\\]}, "") while path.match(re)
path
end
# start with longest path, first
paths = paths.uniq.sort_by { |path| - path.length }
end
def possible_controllers
unless @possible_controllers
@possible_controllers = []
paths = controller_paths.select { |path| File.directory?(path) && path != "." }
seen_paths = Hash.new {|h, k| h[k] = true; false}
normalize_paths(paths).each do |load_path|
Dir["#{load_path}/**/*_controller.rb"].collect do |path|
next if seen_paths[path.gsub(%r{^\.[/\\]}, "")]
controller_name = path[(load_path.length + 1)..-1]
controller_name.gsub!(/_controller\.rb\Z/, '')
@possible_controllers << controller_name
end
end
# remove duplicates
@possible_controllers.uniq!
end
@possible_controllers
end
def use_controllers!(controller_names)
@possible_controllers = controller_names
end
def controller_relative_to(controller, previous)
if controller.nil? then previous
elsif controller[0] == ?/ then controller[1..-1]
elsif %r{^(.*)/} =~ previous then "#{$1}/#{controller}"
else controller
end
end
end
class Route
attr_accessor :segments, :requirements, :conditions
def initialize
@segments = []
@requirements = {}
@conditions = {}
end
# Write and compile a +generate+ method for this Route.
def write_generation
# Build the main body of the generation
body = "not_expired = true\n#{generation_extraction}\n#{generation_structure}"
# If we have conditions that must be tested first, nest the body inside an if
body = "if #{generation_requirements}\n#{body}\nend" if generation_requirements
args = "options, hash, expire_on = {}"
# Nest the body inside of a def block, and then compile it.
raw_method = method_decl = "def generate_raw(#{args})\npath = begin\n#{body}\nend\n[path, hash]\nend"
instance_eval method_decl, "generated code (#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__})"
# expire_on.keys == recall.keys; in other words, the keys in the expire_on hash
# are the same as the keys that were recalled from the previous request. Thus,
# we can use the expire_on.keys to determine which keys ought to be used to build
# the query string. (Never use keys from the recalled request when building the
# query string.)
method_decl = "def generate(#{args})\npath, hash = generate_raw(options, hash, expire_on)\nappend_query_string(path, hash, extra_keys(hash, expire_on))\nend"
instance_eval method_decl, "generated code (#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__})"
method_decl = "def generate_extras(#{args})\npath, hash = generate_raw(options, hash, expire_on)\n[path, extra_keys(hash, expire_on)]\nend"
instance_eval method_decl, "generated code (#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__})"
raw_method
end
# Build several lines of code that extract values from the options hash. If any
# of the values are missing or rejected then a return will be executed.
def generation_extraction
segments.collect do |segment|
segment.extraction_code
end.compact * "\n"
end
# Produce a condition expression that will check the requirements of this route
# upon generation.
def generation_requirements
requirement_conditions = requirements.collect do |key, req|
if req.is_a? Regexp
value_regexp = Regexp.new "\\A#{req.source}\\Z"
"hash[:#{key}] && #{value_regexp.inspect} =~ options[:#{key}]"
else
"hash[:#{key}] == #{req.inspect}"
end
end
requirement_conditions * ' && ' unless requirement_conditions.empty?
end
def generation_structure
segments.last.string_structure segments[0..-2]
end
# Write and compile a +recognize+ method for this Route.
def write_recognition
# Create an if structure to extract the params from a match if it occurs.
body = "params = parameter_shell.dup\n#{recognition_extraction * "\n"}\nparams"
body = "if #{recognition_conditions.join(" && ")}\n#{body}\nend"
# Build the method declaration and compile it
method_decl = "def recognize(path, env={})\n#{body}\nend"
instance_eval method_decl, "generated code (#{__FILE__}:#{__LINE__})"
method_decl
end
# Plugins may override this method to add other conditions, like checks on
# host, subdomain, and so forth. Note that changes here only affect route
# recognition, not generation.
def recognition_conditions
result = ["(match = #{Regexp.new(recognition_pattern).inspect}.match(path))"]
result << "conditions[:method] === env[:method]" if conditions[:method]
result
end
# Build the regular expression pattern that will match this route.
def recognition_pattern(wrap = true)
pattern = ''
segments.reverse_each do |segment|
pattern = segment.build_pattern pattern
end
wrap ? ("\\A" + pattern + "\\Z") : pattern
end
# Write the code to extract the parameters from a matched route.
def recognition_extraction
next_capture = 1
extraction = segments.collect do |segment|
x = segment.match_extraction next_capture
next_capture += Regexp.new(segment.regexp_chunk).number_of_captures
x
end
extraction.compact
end
# Write the real generation implementation and then resend the message.
def generate(options, hash, expire_on = {})
write_generation
generate options, hash, expire_on
end
def generate_extras(options, hash, expire_on = {})
write_generation
generate_extras options, hash, expire_on
end
# Generate the query string with any extra keys in the hash and append
# it to the given path, returning the new path.
def append_query_string(path, hash, query_keys=nil)
return nil unless path
query_keys ||= extra_keys(hash)
"#{path}#{build_query_string(hash, query_keys)}"
end
# Determine which keys in the given hash are "extra". Extra keys are
# those that were not used to generate a particular route. The extra
# keys also do not include those recalled from the prior request, nor
# do they include any keys that were implied in the route (like a
# :controller that is required, but not explicitly used in the text of
# the route.)
def extra_keys(hash, recall={})
(hash || {}).keys.map { |k| k.to_sym } - (recall || {}).keys - significant_keys
end
# Build a query string from the keys of the given hash. If +only_keys+
# is given (as an array), only the keys indicated will be used to build
# the query string. The query string will correctly build array parameter
# values.
def build_query_string(hash, only_keys=nil)
elements = []
only_keys ||= hash.keys
only_keys.each do |key|
value = hash[key] or next
key = CGI.escape key.to_s
if value.class == Array
key << '[]'
else
value = [ value ]
end
value.each { |val| elements << "#{key}=#{CGI.escape(val.to_param.to_s)}" }
end
query_string = "?#{elements.join("&")}" unless elements.empty?
query_string || ""
end
# Write the real recognition implementation and then resend the message.
def recognize(path, environment={})
write_recognition
recognize path, environment
end
# A route's parameter shell contains parameter values that are not in the
# route's path, but should be placed in the recognized hash.
#
# For example, +{:controller => 'pages', :action => 'show'} is the shell for the route:
#
# map.connect '/page/:id', :controller => 'pages', :action => 'show', :id => /\d+/
#
def parameter_shell
@parameter_shell ||= returning({}) do |shell|
requirements.each do |key, requirement|
shell[key] = requirement unless requirement.is_a? Regexp
end
end
end
# Return an array containing all the keys that are used in this route. This
# includes keys that appear inside the path, and keys that have requirements
# placed upon them.
def significant_keys
@significant_keys ||= returning [] do |sk|
segments.each { |segment| sk << segment.key if segment.respond_to? :key }
sk.concat requirements.keys
sk.uniq!
end
end
# Return a hash of key/value pairs representing the keys in the route that
# have defaults, or which are specified by non-regexp requirements.
def defaults
@defaults ||= returning({}) do |hash|
segments.each do |segment|
next unless segment.respond_to? :default
hash[segment.key] = segment.default unless segment.default.nil?
end
requirements.each do |key,req|
next if Regexp === req || req.nil?
hash[key] = req
end
end
end
def matches_controller_and_action?(controller, action)
unless @matching_prepared
@controller_requirement = requirement_for(:controller)
@action_requirement = requirement_for(:action)
@matching_prepared = true
end
(@controller_requirement.nil? || @controller_requirement === controller) &&
(@action_requirement.nil? || @action_requirement === action)
end
def to_s
@to_s ||= begin
segs = segments.inject("") { |str,s| str << s.to_s }
"%-6s %-40s %s" % [(conditions[:method] || :any).to_s.upcase, segs, requirements.inspect]
end
end
protected
def requirement_for(key)
return requirements[key] if requirements.key? key
segments.each do |segment|
return segment.regexp if segment.respond_to?(:key) && segment.key == key
end
nil
end
end
class Segment
attr_accessor :is_optional
alias_method :optional?, :is_optional
def initialize
self.is_optional = false
end
def extraction_code
nil
end
# Continue generating string for the prior segments.
def continue_string_structure(prior_segments)
if prior_segments.empty?
interpolation_statement(prior_segments)
else
new_priors = prior_segments[0..-2]
prior_segments.last.string_structure(new_priors)
end
end
# Return a string interpolation statement for this segment and those before it.
def interpolation_statement(prior_segments)
chunks = prior_segments.collect { |s| s.interpolation_chunk }
chunks << interpolation_chunk
"\"#{chunks * ''}\"#{all_optionals_available_condition(prior_segments)}"
end
def string_structure(prior_segments)
optional? ? continue_string_structure(prior_segments) : interpolation_statement(prior_segments)
end
# Return an if condition that is true if all the prior segments can be generated.
# If there are no optional segments before this one, then nil is returned.
def all_optionals_available_condition(prior_segments)
optional_locals = prior_segments.collect { |s| s.local_name if s.optional? && s.respond_to?(:local_name) }.compact
optional_locals.empty? ? nil : " if #{optional_locals * ' && '}"
end
# Recognition
def match_extraction(next_capture)
nil
end
# Warning
# Returns true if this segment is optional? because of a default. If so, then
# no warning will be emitted regarding this segment.
def optionality_implied?
false
end
end
class StaticSegment < Segment
attr_accessor :value, :raw
alias_method :raw?, :raw
def initialize(value = nil)
super()
self.value = value
end
def interpolation_chunk
raw? ? value : CGI.escape(value)
end
def regexp_chunk
chunk = Regexp.escape value
optional? ? Regexp.optionalize(chunk) : chunk
end
def build_pattern(pattern)
escaped = Regexp.escape(value)
if optional? && ! pattern.empty?
"(?:#{Regexp.optionalize escaped}\\Z|#{escaped}#{Regexp.unoptionalize pattern})"
elsif optional?
Regexp.optionalize escaped
else
escaped + pattern
end
end
def to_s
value
end
end
class DividerSegment < StaticSegment
def initialize(value = nil)
super(value)
self.raw = true
self.is_optional = true
end
def optionality_implied?
true
end
end
class DynamicSegment < Segment
attr_accessor :key, :default, :regexp
def initialize(key = nil, options = {})
super()
self.key = key
self.default = options[:default] if options.key? :default
self.is_optional = true if options[:optional] || options.key?(:default)
end
def to_s
":#{key}"
end
# The local variable name that the value of this segment will be extracted to.
def local_name
"#{key}_value"
end
def extract_value
"#{local_name} = hash[:#{key}] #{"|| #{default.inspect}" if default}"
end
def value_check
if default # Then we know it won't be nil
"#{value_regexp.inspect} =~ #{local_name}" if regexp
elsif optional?
# If we have a regexp check that the value is not given, or that it matches.
# If we have no regexp, return nil since we do not require a condition.
"#{local_name}.nil? || #{value_regexp.inspect} =~ #{local_name}" if regexp
else # Then it must be present, and if we have a regexp, it must match too.
"#{local_name} #{"&& #{value_regexp.inspect} =~ #{local_name}" if regexp}"
end
end
def expiry_statement
"not_expired, hash = false, options if not_expired && expire_on[:#{key}]"
end
def extraction_code
s = extract_value
vc = value_check
s << "\nreturn [nil,nil] unless #{vc}" if vc
s << "\n#{expiry_statement}"
end
def interpolation_chunk
"\#{CGI.escape(#{local_name}.to_s)}"
end
def string_structure(prior_segments)
if optional? # We have a conditional to do...
# If we should not appear in the url, just write the code for the prior
# segments. This occurs if our value is the default value, or, if we are
# optional, if we have nil as our value.
"if #{local_name} == #{default.inspect}\n" +
continue_string_structure(prior_segments) +
"\nelse\n" + # Otherwise, write the code up to here
"#{interpolation_statement(prior_segments)}\nend"
else
interpolation_statement(prior_segments)
end
end
def value_regexp
Regexp.new "\\A#{regexp.source}\\Z" if regexp
end
def regexp_chunk
regexp ? "(#{regexp.source})" : "([^#{Routing::SEPARATORS.join}]+)"
end
def build_pattern(pattern)
chunk = regexp_chunk
chunk = "(#{chunk})" if Regexp.new(chunk).number_of_captures == 0
pattern = "#{chunk}#{pattern}"
optional? ? Regexp.optionalize(pattern) : pattern
end
def match_extraction(next_capture)
hangon = (default ? "|| #{default.inspect}" : "if match[#{next_capture}]")
# All non code-related keys (such as :id, :slug) have to be unescaped as other CGI params
"params[:#{key}] = match[#{next_capture}] #{hangon}"
end
def optionality_implied?
[:action, :id].include? key
end
end
class ControllerSegment < DynamicSegment
def regexp_chunk
possible_names = Routing.possible_controllers.collect { |name| Regexp.escape name }
"(?i-:(#{(regexp || Regexp.union(*possible_names)).source}))"
end
# Don't CGI.escape the controller name, since it may have slashes in it,
# like admin/foo.
def interpolation_chunk
"\#{#{local_name}.to_s}"
end
# Make sure controller names like Admin/Content are correctly normalized to
# admin/content
def extract_value
"#{local_name} = (hash[:#{key}] #{"|| #{default.inspect}" if default}).downcase"
end
def match_extraction(next_capture)
if default
"params[:#{key}] = match[#{next_capture}] ? match[#{next_capture}].downcase : '#{default}'"
else
"params[:#{key}] = match[#{next_capture}].downcase if match[#{next_capture}]"
end
end
end
class PathSegment < DynamicSegment
EscapedSlash = CGI.escape("/")
def interpolation_chunk
"\#{CGI.escape(#{local_name}.to_s).gsub(#{EscapedSlash.inspect}, '/')}"
end
def default
''
end
def default=(path)
raise RoutingError, "paths cannot have non-empty default values" unless path.blank?
end
def match_extraction(next_capture)
"params[:#{key}] = PathSegment::Result.new_escaped((match[#{next_capture}]#{" || " + default.inspect if default}).split('/'))#{" if match[" + next_capture + "]" if !default}"
end
def regexp_chunk
regexp || "(.*)"
end
class Result < ::Array #:nodoc:
def to_s() join '/' end
def self.new_escaped(strings)
new strings.collect {|str| CGI.unescape str}
end
end
end
class RouteBuilder
attr_accessor :separators, :optional_separators
def initialize
self.separators = Routing::SEPARATORS
self.optional_separators = %w( / )
end
def separator_pattern(inverted = false)
"[#{'^' if inverted}#{Regexp.escape(separators.join)}]"
end
def interval_regexp
Regexp.new "(.*?)(#{separators.source}|$)"
end
# Accepts a "route path" (a string defining a route), and returns the array
# of segments that corresponds to it. Note that the segment array is only
# partially initialized--the defaults and requirements, for instance, need
# to be set separately, via the #assign_route_options method, and the
# #optional? method for each segment will not be reliable until after
# #assign_route_options is called, as well.
def segments_for_route_path(path)
rest, segments = path, []
until rest.empty?
segment, rest = segment_for rest
segments << segment
end
segments
end
# A factory method that returns a new segment instance appropriate for the
# format of the given string.
def segment_for(string)
segment = case string
when /\A:(\w+)/
key = $1.to_sym
case key
when :controller then ControllerSegment.new(key)
else DynamicSegment.new key
end
when /\A\*(\w+)/ then PathSegment.new($1.to_sym, :optional => true)
when /\A\?(.*?)\?/
returning segment = StaticSegment.new($1) do
segment.is_optional = true
end
when /\A(#{separator_pattern(:inverted)}+)/ then StaticSegment.new($1)
when Regexp.new(separator_pattern) then
returning segment = DividerSegment.new($&) do
segment.is_optional = (optional_separators.include? $&)
end
end
[segment, $~.post_match]
end
# Split the given hash of options into requirement and default hashes. The
# segments are passed alongside in order to distinguish between default values
# and requirements.
def divide_route_options(segments, options)
options = options.dup
requirements = (options.delete(:requirements) || {}).dup
defaults = (options.delete(:defaults) || {}).dup
conditions = (options.delete(:conditions) || {}).dup
path_keys = segments.collect { |segment| segment.key if segment.respond_to?(:key) }.compact
options.each do |key, value|
hash = (path_keys.include?(key) && ! value.is_a?(Regexp)) ? defaults : requirements
hash[key] = value
end
[defaults, requirements, conditions]
end
# Takes a hash of defaults and a hash of requirements, and assigns them to
# the segments. Any unused requirements (which do not correspond to a segment)
# are returned as a hash.
def assign_route_options(segments, defaults, requirements)
route_requirements = {} # Requirements that do not belong to a segment
segment_named = Proc.new do |key|
segments.detect { |segment| segment.key == key if segment.respond_to?(:key) }
end
requirements.each do |key, requirement|
segment = segment_named[key]
if segment
raise TypeError, "#{key}: requirements on a path segment must be regular expressions" unless requirement.is_a?(Regexp)
if requirement.source =~ %r{\A(\\A|\^)|(\\Z|\\z|\$)\Z}
raise ArgumentError, "Regexp anchor characters are not allowed in routing requirements: #{requirement.inspect}"
end
segment.regexp = requirement
else
route_requirements[key] = requirement
end
end
defaults.each do |key, default|
segment = segment_named[key]
raise ArgumentError, "#{key}: No matching segment exists; cannot assign default" unless segment
segment.is_optional = true
segment.default = default.to_param if default
end
assign_default_route_options(segments)
ensure_required_segments(segments)
route_requirements
end
# Assign default options, such as 'index' as a default for :action. This
# method must be run *after* user supplied requirements and defaults have
# been applied to the segments.
def assign_default_route_options(segments)
segments.each do |segment|
next unless segment.is_a? DynamicSegment
case segment.key
when :action
if segment.regexp.nil? || segment.regexp.match('index').to_s == 'index'
segment.default ||= 'index'
segment.is_optional = true
end
when :id
if segment.default.nil? && segment.regexp.nil? || segment.regexp =~ ''
segment.is_optional = true
end
end
end
end
# Makes sure that there are no optional segments that precede a required
# segment. If any are found that precede a required segment, they are
# made required.
def ensure_required_segments(segments)
allow_optional = true
segments.reverse_each do |segment|
allow_optional &&= segment.optional?
if !allow_optional && segment.optional?
unless segment.optionality_implied?
warn "Route segment \"#{segment.to_s}\" cannot be optional because it precedes a required segment. This segment will be required."
end
segment.is_optional = false
elsif allow_optional & segment.respond_to?(:default) && segment.default
# if a segment has a default, then it is optional
segment.is_optional = true
end
end
end
# Construct and return a route with the given path and options.
def build(path, options)
# Wrap the path with slashes
path = "/#{path}" unless path[0] == ?/
path = "#{path}/" unless path[-1] == ?/
segments = segments_for_route_path(path)
defaults, requirements, conditions = divide_route_options(segments, options)
requirements = assign_route_options(segments, defaults, requirements)
route = Route.new
route.segments = segments
route.requirements = requirements
route.conditions = conditions
if !route.significant_keys.include?(:action) && !route.requirements[:action]
route.requirements[:action] = "index"
route.significant_keys << :action
end
route
end
end
class RouteSet
# Mapper instances are used to build routes. The object passed to the draw
# block in config/routes.rb is a Mapper instance.
#
# Mapper instances have relatively few instance methods, in order to avoid
# clashes with named routes.
class Mapper
def initialize(set)
@set = set
end
# Create an unnamed route with the provided +path+ and +options+. See
# SomeHelpfulUrl for an introduction to routes.
def connect(path, options = {})
@set.add_route(path, options)
end
def named_route(name, path, options = {})
@set.add_named_route(name, path, options)
end
def method_missing(route_name, *args, &proc)
super unless args.length >= 1 && proc.nil?
@set.add_named_route(route_name, *args)
end
end
# A NamedRouteCollection instance is a collection of named routes, and also
# maintains an anonymous module that can be used to install helpers for the
# named routes.
class NamedRouteCollection
include Enumerable
attr_reader :routes, :helpers
def initialize
clear!
end
def clear!
@routes = {}
@helpers = []
@module = Module.new
end
def add(name, route)
routes[name.to_sym] = route
define_named_route_methods(name, route)
end
def get(name)
routes[name.to_sym]
end
alias []= add
alias [] get
alias clear clear!
def each
routes.each { |name, route| yield name, route }
self
end
def names
routes.keys
end
def length
routes.length
end
def install(dest = ActionController::Base)
dest.send :include, @module
if dest.respond_to? :helper_method
helpers.each { |name| dest.send :helper_method, name }
end
end
private
def url_helper_name(name, kind = :url)
:"#{name}_#{kind}"
end
def hash_access_name(name, kind = :url)
:"hash_for_#{name}_#{kind}"
end
def define_named_route_methods(name, route)
{:url => {}, :path => {:only_path => true}}.each do |kind, opts|
hash = route.defaults.merge(:use_route => name).merge(opts)
define_hash_access route, name, kind, hash
define_url_helper route, name, kind, hash
end
end
def define_hash_access(route, name, kind, options)
selector = hash_access_name(name, kind)
@module.send :module_eval, <<-end_eval # We use module_eval to avoid leaks
def #{selector}(options = nil)
options ? #{options.inspect}.merge(options) : #{options.inspect}
end
end_eval
@module.send(:protected, selector)
helpers << selector
end
def define_url_helper(route, name, kind, options)
selector = url_helper_name(name, kind)
# The segment keys used for positional paramters
segment_keys = route.segments.collect do |segment|
segment.key if segment.respond_to? :key
end.compact
hash_access_method = hash_access_name(name, kind)
@module.send :module_eval, <<-end_eval # We use module_eval to avoid leaks
def #{selector}(*args)
opts = if args.empty? || Hash === args.first
args.first || {}
else
# allow ordered parameters to be associated with corresponding
# dynamic segments, so you can do
#
# foo_url(bar, baz, bang)
#
# instead of
#
# foo_url(:bar => bar, :baz => baz, :bang => bang)
args.zip(#{segment_keys.inspect}).inject({}) do |h, (v, k)|
h[k] = v
h
end
end
url_for(#{hash_access_method}(opts))
end
end_eval
@module.send(:protected, selector)
helpers << selector
end
end
attr_accessor :routes, :named_routes
def initialize
self.routes = []
self.named_routes = NamedRouteCollection.new
end
# Subclasses and plugins may override this method to specify a different
# RouteBuilder instance, so that other route DSL's can be created.
def builder
@builder ||= RouteBuilder.new
end
def draw
clear!
yield Mapper.new(self)
named_routes.install
end
def clear!
routes.clear
named_routes.clear
@combined_regexp = nil
@routes_by_controller = nil
end
def empty?
routes.empty?
end
def load!
clear!
load_routes!
named_routes.install
end
alias reload load!
def load_routes!
if defined?(RAILS_ROOT) && defined?(::ActionController::Routing::Routes) && self == ::ActionController::Routing::Routes
load File.join("#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/routes.rb")
else
add_route ":controller/:action/:id"
end
end
def add_route(path, options = {})
route = builder.build(path, options)
routes << route
route
end
def add_named_route(name, path, options = {})
named_routes[name] = add_route(path, options)
end
def options_as_params(options)
# If an explicit :controller was given, always make :action explicit
# too, so that action expiry works as expected for things like
#
# generate({:controller => 'content'}, {:controller => 'content', :action => 'show'})
#
# (the above is from the unit tests). In the above case, because the
# controller was explicitly given, but no action, the action is implied to
# be "index", not the recalled action of "show".
#
# great fun, eh?
options_as_params = options[:controller] ? { :action => "index" } : {}
options.each do |k, value|
options_as_params[k] = value.to_param
end
options_as_params
end
def build_expiry(options, recall)
recall.inject({}) do |expiry, (key, recalled_value)|
expiry[key] = (options.key?(key) && options[key] != recalled_value)
expiry
end
end
# Generate the path indicated by the arguments, and return an array of
# the keys that were not used to generate it.
def extra_keys(options, recall={})
generate_extras(options, recall).last
end
def generate_extras(options, recall={})
generate(options, recall, :generate_extras)
end
def generate(options, recall = {}, method=:generate)
named_route_name = options.delete(:use_route)
if named_route_name
options = options.dup
named_route = named_routes[named_route_name]
options = named_route.parameter_shell.merge(options)
end
options = options_as_params(options)
expire_on = build_expiry(options, recall)
# if the controller has changed, make sure it changes relative to the
# current controller module, if any. In other words, if we're currently
# on admin/get, and the new controller is 'set', the new controller
# should really be admin/set.
if !named_route && expire_on[:controller] && options[:controller] && options[:controller][0] != ?/
old_parts = recall[:controller].split('/')
new_parts = options[:controller].split('/')
parts = old_parts[0..-(new_parts.length + 1)] + new_parts
options[:controller] = parts.join('/')
end
# drop the leading '/' on the controller name
options[:controller] = options[:controller][1..-1] if options[:controller] && options[:controller][0] == ?/
merged = recall.merge(options)
if named_route
path = named_route.generate(options, merged, expire_on)
raise RoutingError, "#{named_route_name}_url failed to generate from #{options.inspect}, expected: #{named_route.requirements.inspect}, diff: #{named_route.requirements.diff(options).inspect}" if path.nil?
return path
else
merged[:action] ||= 'index'
options[:action] ||= 'index'
controller = merged[:controller]
action = merged[:action]
raise RoutingError, "Need controller and action!" unless controller && action
# don't use the recalled keys when determining which routes to check
routes = routes_by_controller[controller][action][options.keys.sort_by { |x| x.object_id }]
routes.each do |route|
results = route.send(method, options, merged, expire_on)
return results if results
end
end
raise RoutingError, "No route matches #{options.inspect}"
end
def recognize(request)
params = recognize_path(request.path, extract_request_environment(request))
request.path_parameters = params.with_indifferent_access
"#{params[:controller].camelize}Controller".constantize
end
def recognize_path(path, environment={})
path = CGI.unescape(path)
routes.each do |route|
result = route.recognize(path, environment) and return result
end
raise RoutingError, "no route found to match #{path.inspect} with #{environment.inspect}"
end
def routes_by_controller
@routes_by_controller ||= Hash.new do |controller_hash, controller|
controller_hash[controller] = Hash.new do |action_hash, action|
action_hash[action] = Hash.new do |key_hash, keys|
key_hash[keys] = routes_for_controller_and_action_and_keys(controller, action, keys)
end
end
end
end
def routes_for(options, merged, expire_on)
raise "Need controller and action!" unless controller && action
controller = merged[:controller]
merged = options if expire_on[:controller]
action = merged[:action] || 'index'
routes_by_controller[controller][action][merged.keys]
end
def routes_for_controller_and_action(controller, action)
selected = routes.select do |route|
route.matches_controller_and_action? controller, action
end
(selected.length == routes.length) ? routes : selected
end
def routes_for_controller_and_action_and_keys(controller, action, keys)
selected = routes.select do |route|
route.matches_controller_and_action? controller, action
end
selected.sort_by do |route|
(keys - route.significant_keys).length
end
end
# Subclasses and plugins may override this method to extract further attributes
# from the request, for use by route conditions and such.
def extract_request_environment(request)
{ :method => request.method }
end
end
Routes = RouteSet.new
end
end
|