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* Schema Cache: extract deduplication commonalityKasper Timm Hansen2019-06-211-10/+15
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* Also deduplicate schema cache data when using the init_with interfaceJean Boussier2019-06-211-6/+6
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* Merge pull request #36526 from yahonda/test_statement_cache_with_in_clause_pgRyuta Kamizono2019-06-211-1/+1
|\ | | | | Address test_statement_cache_with_in_clause failure
| * Address test_statement_cache_with_in_clause failure due to nondeterministic ↵Yasuo Honda2019-06-201-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | sort order This failure is occasional, does not always reproduce. ```ruby $ cd activerecord $ bundle exec rake test_postgresql ... snip ... ....F Failure: ActiveRecord::BindParameterTest#test_statement_cache_with_in_clause [/home/yahonda/git/rails/activerecord/test/cases/bind_parameter_test.rb:97]: Expected: [1, 3] Actual: [3, 1] rails test home/yahonda/git/rails/activerecord/test/cases/bind_parameter_test.rb:93 ```
* | Revert schema dumper to use strings rather than integerseileencodes2019-06-203-3/+4
|/ | | | | | | | | | | I think we should change this, but not in 6-0-stable since that's already in RC and I was trying to only make changes that won't require any app changes. This reverts a portion of https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/36439 that made all schema migration version numbers get dumped as an integer. While it doesn't _really_ matter it did change behavior. We should bring this back in 6.1 with a deprecation.
* Merge pull request #36520 from kamipo/test_case_for_deterministic_orderRyuta Kamizono2019-06-201-0/+6
|\ | | | | Add test cases to ensure deterministic order for ordinal methods
| * Add test cases to ensure deterministic order for ordinal methodsRyuta Kamizono2019-06-191-0/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | Before 1340498d2, `order` with no-op value (e.g. `nil`, `""`) had broken the contract of ordinal methods, which returns a result deterministic ordered.
* | Merge pull request #36518 from Shopify/drop-schema-cache-column-hashKasper Timm Hansen2019-06-191-8/+5
|\ \ | | | | | | Stop serializing and parsing columns_hash in Active Record schema caches
| * | Stop serializing and parsing columns_hash in Active Record schema cachesJean Boussier2019-06-191-8/+5
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* / Better error message for calling columns_hashGuilherme Mansur2019-06-194-0/+19
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | When a record does not have a table name, as in the case for a record with `self.abstract_class = true` and no `self.table_name` set the error message raises a cryptic: "ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: Could not find table ''" this patch now raises a new `TableNotSpecified Error` Fixes: #36274 Co-Authored-By: Eugene Kenny <elkenny@gmail.com>
* Merge pull request #35891 from Shopify/schema-cache-deduplicationKasper Timm Hansen2019-06-1912-16/+123
|\ | | | | Deduplicate various Active Record schema cache structures
| * Deduplicate various Active Record schema cache structuresJean Boussier2019-06-0312-16/+123
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Real world database schemas contain a lot of duplicated data. Some column names like `id`, `created_at` etc can easily be repeated hundreds of times. Same for SqlTypeMetada, most database will contain only a limited number of possible combinations. This result in a lot of wasted memory. The idea here is to make these data sctructures immutable, use a registry to substitute similar instances with pre-existing ones.
* | Avoid redundant `time.getutc` call if it is already utc time objectRyuta Kamizono2019-06-181-5/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently `type.serialize` and `connection.{quote|type_cast}` for a time object always does `time.getutc` call regardless of whether it is already utc time object or not, that duplicated proccess (`connection.type_cast(type.serialize(time))`) allocates extra/useless time objects for each type casting. This avoids that redundant `time.getutc` call if it is already utc time object. In the case of a model has timestamps (`created_at` and `updated_at`), it avoids 6,000 time objects allocation for 1,000 times `model.save`. ```ruby ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type}) pp ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace { 1_000.times { User.create } }.select { |k, _| k[0].end_with?("quoting.rb", "time_value.rb") } ``` Before (c104bfe424e6cebe9c8e85a38515327a6c88b1f8): ``` {["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 203, :T_ARRAY]=>[1004, 0, 778, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 220, :T_STRING]=>[2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 209, :T_ARRAY]=>[8, 0, 8, 1, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 57, :T_ARRAY]=>[4, 0, 4, 1, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activemodel/lib/active_model/type/helpers/time_value.rb", 17, :T_DATA]=>[4000, 0, 3096, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 120, :T_DATA]=>[2000, 0, 1548, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 126, :T_STRING]=>[4000, 0, 3096, 0, 1, 0]} ``` After (this change): ``` {["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 203, :T_ARRAY]=>[1004, 0, 823, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 220, :T_STRING]=>[2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 209, :T_ARRAY]=>[8, 0, 8, 1, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 57, :T_ARRAY]=>[4, 0, 4, 1, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/quoting.rb", 126, :T_STRING]=>[2000, 0, 1638, 0, 1, 0]} ```
* | PostgreSQL: Fix GROUP BY with ORDER BY virtual count attributeRyuta Kamizono2019-06-175-12/+30
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GROUP BY with virtual count attribute is invalid for almost all databases, but it is valid for PostgreSQL, and it had worked until Rails 5.2.2, so it is a regression for Rails 5.2.3 (caused by 311f001). I can't find perfectly solution for fixing this for now, but I would not like to break existing apps, so I decided to allow referencing virtual count attribute in ORDER BY clause when GROUP BY aggrigation (it partly revert the effect of 311f001) to fix the regression #36022. Fixes #36022.
* | Remove unused `Arel::Attributes.for`Ryuta Kamizono2019-06-154-70/+1
| | | | | | | | `Arel::Attributes.for` is no longer used since https://github.com/rails/arel/pull/196.
* | No allocation `Arel::Visitors::ToSql#visit`Ryuta Kamizono2019-06-154-33/+34
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Each `visit o, collector` allocates one extra array due to receiving args by splat array. https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/2c3332cc4c0fa77dbe2e13e8a792f80fbd8f4ad3/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/visitor.rb#L27-L29 Currently 1,000 times `User.where(id: 1).to_sql` allocates 13,000 arrays in `visitor.accept`. This avoids receiving args by splat array, it makes `visitor.accept` no array allocation. ```ruby ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type}) pp ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace { 1_000.times { User.where(id: 1).to_sql } }.select { |k, _| k[2] == :T_ARRAY && k[0].end_with?("visitor.rb", "to_sql.rb") } ``` Before (2c3332cc4c0fa77dbe2e13e8a792f80fbd8f4ad3): ``` {["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 18, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/determine_if_preparable_visitor.rb", 11, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/visitor.rb", 12, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 788, :T_ARRAY]=>[3000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 794, :T_ARRAY]=>[3000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 156, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 443, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 603, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/arel/visitors/to_sql.rb", 611, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]} ``` After (this change): ``` {} ```
* | Should find last created recordRyuta Kamizono2019-06-151-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tables in tests are not always empty so `klass.first` does not always find last created record. Fixes #36479.
* | Ensure to reset actually used `@connection.schema_migration`'s table nameRyuta Kamizono2019-06-151-4/+4
| | | | | | | | https://buildkite.com/rails/rails/builds/61744#f12cc6cf-7458-4131-917a-9735615f6259/999-1010
* | Fix `test_schema_names` to include "hint_plan" schemaRyuta Kamizono2019-06-151-1/+5
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* | Move while_preventing_writes from conn to handlereileencodes2019-06-148-49/+111
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | If we put the `while_preventing_writes` on the connection then the middleware that sends reads to the primary and ensures they can't write will not work. The `while_preventing_writes` will only be applied to the connection which it's called on - which in the case of the middleware is Ar::Base. This worked fine if you called it directly like `OtherDbConn.connection.while_preventing_writes` but Rails didn't have a way of knowing you wanted to call it on all the connections. The change here moves the `while_preventing_writes` method from the connection to the handler so that it can block writes to all queries for that handler. This will apply to all the connections associated with that handler.
* | Merge pull request #36439 from ↵Eileen M. Uchitelle2019-06-1415-146/+407
|\ \ | | | | | | | | | | | | eileencodes/move-schema-migration-to-migration-context Move SchemaMigration to migration_context
| * | Move SchemaMigration to migration_contexteileencodes2019-06-1415-146/+407
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This PR moves the `schema_migration` to `migration_context` so that we can access the `schema_migration` per connection. This does not change behavior of the SchemaMigration if you are using one database. This also does not change behavior of any public APIs. `Migrator` is private as is `MigrationContext` so we can change these as needed. We now need to pass a `schema_migration` to `Migrator` so that we can run migrations on the right connection outside the context of a rake task. The bugs this fixes were discovered while debugging the issues around the SchemaCache on initialization with multiple database. It was clear that `get_all_versions` wouldn't work without these changes outside the context of a rake task (because in the rake task we establish a connection and change AR::Base.connection to the db we're running on). Because the `SchemaCache` relies on the `SchemaMigration` information we need to make sure we store it per-connection rather than on ActiveRecord::Base. [Eileen M. Uchitelle & Aaron Patterson]
* | | Merge pull request #36484 from ↵Ryuta Kamizono2019-06-141-3/+3
|\ \ \ | |/ / |/| | | | | | | | albertoalmagro/alberto/reverse-column-is-reversible [ci skip] Update docs as `remove_column` can be reversed
| * | [ci skip] Update docs as `remove_column` can be reversedAlberto Almagro2019-06-141-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As `remove_column` can be reversed when a type is provided this example was not accurate anymore.
* | | Fix rubocop violationsRyuta Kamizono2019-06-141-2/+2
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* | | Allocation on demand in transactionsRyuta Kamizono2019-06-141-20/+35
|/ / | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently 1,000 transactions creates 10,000 objects regardless whether it is necessary or not. This makes allocation on demand in transactions, now 1,000 transactions creates required 5,000 objects only by default. ```ruby ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{path line type}) pp ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace { 1_000.times { User.create } }.select { |k, _| k[0].end_with?("transaction.rb") } ``` Before (95d038f): ``` {["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 209, :T_HASH]=>[1000, 0, 715, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 210, :T_OBJECT]=>[1000, 0, 715, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 210, :T_HASH]=>[1000, 0, 715, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 80, :T_OBJECT]=>[1000, 0, 715, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 8, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 715, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 81, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 715, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 289, :T_STRING]=>[1000, 0, 714, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 116, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 714, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 120, :T_ARRAY]=>[1000, 0, 714, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 121, :T_HASH]=>[1000, 0, 714, 0, 1, 0]} ``` After (this change): ``` {["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 213, :T_HASH]=>[1000, 0, 739, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 214, :T_OBJECT]=>[1000, 0, 739, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 214, :T_HASH]=>[1000, 0, 739, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 81, :T_OBJECT]=>[1000, 0, 739, 0, 1, 0], ["~/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/transaction.rb", 304, :T_STRING]=>[1000, 0, 738, 0, 1, 0]} ```
* | Make ActiveRecord `ConnectionPool.connections` thread-safe. (#36473)jeffdoering2019-06-133-1/+44
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | * Make ActiveRecord `ConnectionPool.connections` thread-safe. ConnectionPool documentation is clear on the need to synchronize access to @connections but also states that public methods do not require synchronization. Existing code exposed @connections directly via attr_reader. The fix uses synchronize() to lock @connections then returns a copy to the caller using Array.dup(). Includes comments on the connections method that thread-safe access to the connections array does not imply thread-safety of accessing methods on the actual connections. Adds a test-case that modifies the pool using a supported method in one thread while a second thread accesses pool.connections. The test fails without this patch. Fixes #36465. * Update activerecord/test/cases/connection_pool_test.rb [jeffdoering + Rafael Mendonça França]
* | Ensure to reset migration version after testing migrationRyuta Kamizono2019-06-131-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | "schema_migrations" table may be hard dropped before, so the reset migration version should be done in ensure block. https://buildkite.com/rails/rails/builds/61697#18d6f3ac-2257-4f4b-8efc-4010464c4d9a/999-1011
* | Reset migration version before testing migrationRyuta Kamizono2019-06-131-0/+2
| | | | | | | | https://buildkite.com/rails/rails/builds/61695#373bb1a7-677f-49ec-95e7-a92467fefd60/1076-1084
* | Avoid implicit rollback when testing migrationRyuta Kamizono2019-06-131-0/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | "schema_migrations" is hard dropped by some existing tests, so testing migration in using transactional tests may cause implicit creation and rollback "schema_migrations" table, it makes migration tests flaky. https://buildkite.com/rails/rails/builds/61692#42383249-30be-4508-b1fb-a7bb27600c8e/999-1010 https://buildkite.com/rails/rails/builds/61694#6e462ad3-41d8-4e26-95ce-728495b0ac64/999-1010
* | Merge pull request #36472 from kamipo/empty_line_only_before_access_modifierRyuta Kamizono2019-06-13151-178/+1
|\ \ | | | | | | Enable `Layout/EmptyLinesAroundAccessModifier` cop
| * | Enable `Layout/EmptyLinesAroundAccessModifier` copRyuta Kamizono2019-06-13151-178/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | We sometimes say "✂️ newline after `private`" in a code review (e.g. https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/18546#discussion_r23188776, https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/34832#discussion_r244847195). Now `Layout/EmptyLinesAroundAccessModifier` cop have new enforced style `EnforcedStyle: only_before` (https://github.com/rubocop-hq/rubocop/pull/7059). That cop and enforced style will reduce the our code review cost.
* | | Remove duplicated `table_exists?`Ryuta Kamizono2019-06-132-8/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | `table_exists?` is already exist in `ModelSchema`. https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/5cab344494c340ea82a35b46efa06b94f0b7730b/activerecord/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb#L339-L341
* | | Clear schema cache when a table is created/dropped/renamedRyuta Kamizono2019-06-136-4/+18
|/ / | | | | | | Otherwise `Model.table_exists?` returns the staled cache result.
* | Merge pull request #36440 from malept/multi-db-abort_if_pending_migrations-taskEileen M. Uchitelle2019-06-112-1/+29
|\ \ | | | | | | Add support for multiple databases to `rails db:abort_if_pending_migrations`
| * | Convert the db:abort_if_pending_migrations task to be multi-DB awareMark Lee2019-06-102-1/+29
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* | | Merge pull request #36448 from ↵Ryuta Kamizono2019-06-117-42/+67
|\ \ \ | |/ / |/| | | | | | | | kamipo/allow_column_name_with_simple_function_call Allow column name with function (e.g. `length(title)`) as safe SQL string
| * | Allow column name with function (e.g. `length(title)`) as safe SQL stringRyuta Kamizono2019-06-107-42/+67
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently, almost all "Dangerous query method" warnings are false alarm. As long as almost all the warnings are false alarm, developers think "Let's ignore the warnings by using `Arel.sql()`, it actually is false alarm in practice.", so I think we should effort to reduce false alarm in order to make the warnings valuable. This allows column name with function (e.g. `length(title)`) as safe SQL string, which is very common false alarm pattern, even in the our codebase. Related 6c82b6c99, 6607ecb2a, #36420. Fixes #32995.
* | | All modern adapters returns a numeric value as the result of numeric calculationRyuta Kamizono2019-06-112-10/+2
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* | Allow `column_name AS alias` as safe SQL stringRyuta Kamizono2019-06-105-0/+14
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* | Refactor `disallow_raw_sql!` to avoid `split(/\s*,\s*/)` to order argsRyuta Kamizono2019-06-096-21/+56
| | | | | | | | | | `split(/\s*,\s*/)` to order args and then `permit.match?` one by one is much slower than `permit.match?` once.
* | Add forgotten nodoc to dump_schema method.Wojciech Wnętrzak2019-06-071-1/+1
| | | | | | | | Method added in https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/36416
* | NULLS { FIRST | LAST } is safe SQL string since ↵Ryuta Kamizono2019-06-071-6/+6
| | | | | | | | | | | | 6c82b6c99d86f37e61f935fb342cccd725d6c7d4 There is no need to be wrapped by `Arel.sql()`.
* | Merge pull request #36429 from bogdan/fix-preloading-duplicate-recordsRyuta Kamizono2019-06-072-1/+8
|\ \ | | | | | | Fix preloading on AR::Relation where records are duplicated by a join
| * | Fix preloading on AR::Relation where records are duplicated by a joinBogdan Gusiev2019-06-062-1/+8
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* | | Merge pull request #36426 from abhaynikam/bump-codeclimate-rubocop-versionRyuta Kamizono2019-06-061-2/+0
|\ \ \ | | | | | | | | Bump rubocop to 0.71
| * | | Bump rubocop to 0.71Abhay Nikam2019-06-061-2/+0
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* | | | Merge pull request #36420 from kamipo/quoted_identifier_regexRyuta Kamizono2019-06-0610-68/+166
|\ \ \ \ | |/ / / |/| | | Allow quoted identifier string as safe SQL string
| * | | Allow quoted identifier string as safe SQL stringRyuta Kamizono2019-06-0610-68/+166
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Currently `posts.title` is regarded as a safe SQL string, but `"posts"."title"` (it is a result of `quote_table_name("posts.title")`) is regarded as an unsafe SQL string even though a result of `quote_table_name` should obviously be regarded as a safe SQL string, since the column name matcher doesn't respect quotation, it is a little annoying. This changes the column name matcher to allow quoted identifiers as safe SQL string, now all results of the `quote_table_name` are regarded as safe SQL string.
* | | | Move schema cache from connection to pooleileencodes2019-06-056-7/+33
|/ / / | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This PR proposes moving the schema cache from the connection to the pool so the connection can ask the pool for the cache. In a future PR our goal is to be able to read the yaml file from the pool so we can get rid of the `active_record.check_schema_cache_dump` initializer. This will fix the issues surrounding dumping the schema cache and mulitple databases. Why do we want to get rid of the initializer you ask? Well I was looking at #34449 and trying to make it work for our usecase and it revealed A LOT of problems. There are a few issues that I will fix in remaining PRs with SchemaMigration, but there's a big glaring issue with this initializer. When you have an application with multiple databases we'll need to loop through all the configurations and set the schema cache on those connections. The problem is on initialization we only have one connection - the one for Ar::Base. This is fine in a single db application but not fine in multi-db. If we follow the pattern in #34449 and establish a connection to those other dbs we will end up setting the cache on the _connection object_ rather than on all connections that connect for that config. So even though we looped through the configs and assigned the cache the cache will not be set (or will be set wrong) once the app is booted because the connection objects after boot are _different_ than the connection objects we assigned the cache to. After trying many different ways to set the schema cache `@tenderlove` and I came to the conclusion that the initializer is problematic, as is setting the schema cache twice. This is part 1 to move the cache to the pool so the cache can read from the schema cache yaml file instead of setting it when initializing the app. To do this we have created a `NullPool` that initializes an empty cache. I put the `get_schema_cache` and `set_schema_cache` in an `AbstractPool` so we can share code between `ConnectionPool` and `NullPool` instead of duplicating code. Now we only need to set the schema_cache on the pool rather than the connection. In `discard!` we need to unset the connection from the schema_cache - we still want the cache just not the connection.