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Reported on #21509, how views is treated by `#tables` are differ
by each adapters. To fix this different behavior, after Rails 5.0
is released, deprecate `#tables`.
And `#table_exists?` would check both tables and views.
To make their behavior consistent with `#tables`, after Rails 5.0
is released, deprecate `#table_exists?`.
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Columns are no longer stored in an attribute since b8a533d.
[ci skip]
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Such as #10404, #18206.
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samphilipd/sam/manual_locking_on_schema_migrations
Make migrations concurrent safe (using advisory locks)
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- Addresses issue #22092
- Works on Postgres and MySQL
- Uses advisory locks because of two important properties:
1. The can be obtained outside of the context of a transaction
2. They are automatically released when the session ends, so if a
migration process crashed for whatever reason the lock is not left
open perpetually
- Adds get_advisory_lock and release_advisory_lock methods to database
adapters
- Attempting to run a migration while another one is in process will
raise a ConcurrentMigrationError instead of attempting to run in
parallel with undefined behavior. This could be rescued and
the migration could exit cleanly instead. Perhaps as a configuration
option?
Technical Notes
==============
The Migrator uses generate_migrator_advisory_lock_key to build the key
for the lock. In order to be compatible across multiple adapters there
are some constraints on this key.
- Postgres limits us to 64 bit signed integers
- MySQL advisory locks are server-wide so we have to scope to the
database
- To fulfil these requirements we use a Migrator salt (a randomly
chosen signed integer with max length of 31 bits) that identifies
the Rails migration process as the owner of the lock. We multiply
this salt with a CRC32 unsigned integer hash of the database name to
get a signed 64 bit integer that can also be converted to a string
to act as a lock key in MySQL databases.
- It is important for subsequent versions of the Migrator to use the
same salt, otherwise different versions of the Migrator will not see
each other's locks.
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PostgreSQL, Replace static connection param list by libpq's dynamic list
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This makes the connection adapter future-proof regarding to new parameters.
To maintain backward compatibility, :requiressl is added by hand. It is
deprecated by PostgreSQL since 2003, but still accepted by libpq.
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In Postgres 8.1 the standard_conforming_strings setting was read-only,
meaning you got an error if you tried to update it. By filtering on
`context = 'user'` we only try to update the setting if it's
user-writable[1].
[1]: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/view-pg-settings.html
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The standard_conforming_strings setting doesn't exist on all versions of
Postgres, but if it does exist, Rails turns it on. Previously this was done by
effectively disabling errors on the Postgres connection, issuing a SET to turn
the setting on, then re-enabling errors on the connection. However, if you're
running pgbouncer in transaction-pooling mode, you can't guarantee that
successive calls to `#execute` will be sent to the same pgbouncer-postgres
connection, so you can end up disabling errors on a different postgres
connection, and never re-enabling them. Future queries on that connection that
result in errors (e.g. violating unique constraints) will leave the connection
in a bad state where successive queries will fail.
This commit sets standard_conforming_strings by issuing an UPDATE to
pg_settings, which will update the setting if it exists, and do nothing if it
doesn't (rather than erroring out like SET would), which means we can remove
the error-disabling code.
It's also worth noting that Postgres has allowed standard_conforming_strings to
be updated since 8.2 (which is the oldest version Rails supports), so
technically we probably don't even need to be defensive here.
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`#exec_stmt` is private method and only called in `#exec_query`. it
means `binds` is provided always. No need `binds.empty?` checking.
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This issue was resolved by #21687 already. But re-add args by #18856.
`#tables` extra args was only using by `#table_exists?`. This is for
internal API. This commit will remove these extra args again.
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The getter is doing nothing more than returning the ivar, so it can be
extracted to an attr_reader.
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[ci skip]
It's been a source of confusion that the lower-level `add_column`
referenced the higher level `column` method for available options.
`column` supports additional functionality like `index: true` that is
not present on `add_column`.
This patch moves common option documentation to `add_column` and only
documents the additional options in `column`.
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The `SHOW TABLES LIKE` command accepts metacharacters `%` and `_` in
potentially unexpected ways. This can be avoided by querying `information_schema.tables`
directly.
Fixes #17897
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I've been writing too much Rust. My mind is still in the mode of things
being auto-namespaced based on the file...
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Prior to this commit, Rails makes no differentiation between whether a
query uses bind parameters, and whether or not we cache that query as a
prepared statement. This leads to the cache populating extremely fast in
some cases, with the statements never being reused.
In particular, the two problematic cases are `where(foo: [1, 2, 3])` and
`where("foo = ?", 1)`. In both cases we'll end up quoting the values
rather than using a bind param, causing a cache entry for every value
ever used in that query.
It was noted that we can probably eventually change `where("foo = ?",
1)` to use a bind param, which would resolve that case. Additionally, on
PG we can change our generated query to be `WHERE foo = ANY($1)`, and
pass an array for the bind param. I hope to accomplish both in the
future.
For SQLite and MySQL, we still end up preparing the statements anyway,
we just don't cache it. The statement will be cleaned up after it is
executed. On postgres, we skip the prepare step entirely, as an API is
provided to execute with bind params without preparing the statement.
I'm not 100% happy on the way this ended up being structured. I was
hoping to use a decorator on the visitor, rather than mixing a module
into the object, but the way Arel has it's visitor pattern set up makes
it very difficult to extend without inheritance. I'd like to remove the
duplication from the various places that are extending it, but that'll
require a larger restructuring of that initialization logic. I'm going
to take another look at the structure of it soon.
This changes the signature of one of the adapter's internals, and will
require downstream changes from third party adapters. I'm not too
worried about this, as worst case they can simply add the parameter and
always ignore it, and just keep their previous behavior.
Fixes #21992.
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Add stored procedure test in mysql2
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Fix to correctly schema dump the `tinyblob`
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Currently `tinyblob` is dumped to `t.binary "tiny_blob", limit: 255`.
But `t.binary ... limit: 255` is generating SQL to `varchar(255)`.
It is incorrect. This commit fixes this problem.
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Dirty checking keeps a hash where the keys are the column name and the
value is a dup of the value from the database[1]. This hash is kept for
every AR object, which means that we dup every column name for every AR
object that does dirty checking. Freezing the column name prevents the
column name from being duped and reduced overall string allocations.
Here is a benchmark to demonstrate:
```ruby
require 'active_record'
class Topic < ActiveRecord::Base
end
20.times do |i|
Process.waitpid fork {
ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection adapter: 'sqlite3', database: ':memory:'
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.instance_eval do
create_table(:topics) do |t|
t.string :title, limit: 250
t.string :author_name
t.string :author_email_address
t.string :parent_title
t.string :type
t.string :group
i.times do |j|
t.string :"aaa#{j}"
end
t.timestamps null: true
end
end
ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.setup(%i{type})
Topic.create title: "aaron" # heat cache
result = ObjectSpace::AllocationTracer.trace do
10.times do |i|
Topic.create title: "aaron #{i}"
end
end
puts "#{Topic.columns.length},#{(result.find { |k,v| k.first == :T_STRING }.last.first / 10)}"
}
end
```
1. https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/3ad381c3f8598d9920998c8949a96b5f62b280dd/activerecord/lib/active_record/attribute_set/builder.rb#L102
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The focus of this change is to make the API more accessible.
References to method and classes should be linked to make it easy to
navigate around.
This patch makes exzessiv use of `rdoc-ref:` to provide more readable
docs. This makes it possible to document `ActiveRecord::Base#save` even
though the method is within a separate module
`ActiveRecord::Persistence`. The goal here is to bring the API closer to
the actual code that you would write.
This commit only deals with Active Record. The other gems will be
updated accordingly but in different commits. The pass through Active
Record is not completely finished yet. A follow up commit will change
the spots I haven't yet had the time to update.
/cc @fxn
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Closes #21563.
The `name` argument of `add_references` was both used to generate the
column name `<name>_id` and as the target table for the foreign key
`name.pluralize`.
It's primary purpose is to define the column name. In cases where the
`to_table` of the foreign key is different than the column name we
should be able to specify it individually.
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Current master branch includes many schema dumping improvements.
It extract these features to the appropriate files.
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Current master branch includes many schema creation improvements in
MySQL. It extract these features to the appropriate file.
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Current master branch includes many schema definition improvements in
MySQL. It extract these features to the appropriate file.
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`pk_and_sequence_for` is implemented for PG and MySQL adapters (not
implemented for Sqlite3 adapter). But MySQL adapters are not using
`pk_and_sequence_for` already.
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Docs: Update options for add_reference
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[ci skip]
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Fix a bug with returning_disabled when using the postgresql adapter
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The returning_disabled configuration option is required to make postgresql partitioning triggers work. This commit fixes a bug where an invalid query would be made in cases where returning_disabled was true and objects were created with no attributes defined.
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AR: take precision into count when assigning a value to timestamp
attribute
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Timestamp column can have less precision than ruby timestamp
In result in how big a fraction of a second can be stored in the
database.
m = Model.create!
m.created_at.usec == m.reload.created_at.usec
# => false
# due to different seconds precision in Time.now and database column
If the precision is low enough, (mysql default is 0, so it is always low
enough by default) the value changes when model is reloaded from the
database. This patch fixes that issue ensuring that any timestamp
assigned as an attribute is converted to column precision under the
attribute.
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These new methods are used from the Active Record model layer to
determine which relations are viable to back a model. These new methods
allow us to change `conn.tables` in the future to only return tables and
no views. Same for `conn.table_exists?`.
The goal is to provide the following introspection methods on the
connection:
* `tables`
* `table_exists?`
* `views`
* `view_exists?`
* `data_sources` (views + tables)
* `data_source_exists?` (views + tables)
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The first step of bringing typecasting to ActiveModel
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Add title for key lengths for multiple keys.
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Previously there was no separator between the two code examples so it looked like:
```ruby
CREATE INDEX by_name ON accounts(name(10))
add_index(:accounts, [:name, :surname], name: 'by_name_surname', length: {name: 10, surname: 15})
```
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Support for foreign keys in create table
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If foreign keys specified in create table, generated SQL is slightly more
efficient.
Definition:
```
create_table :testings do |t|
t.references :testing_parent, foreign_key: true
end
```
Before:
```
CREATE TABLE "testings" ("id" serial primary key, "testing_parent_id" integer);
ALTER TABLE "testings" ADD CONSTRAINT "fk_rails_a196c353b2" FOREIGN KEY ("testing_parent_id") REFERENCES "testing_parents" ("id");
```
After:
```
CREATE TABLE "testings" ("id" serial primary key, "testing_parent_id" integer, CONSTRAINT "fk_rails_a196c353b2" FOREIGN KEY ("testing_parent_id") REFERENCES "testing_parents" ("id"));
```
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