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The native timestamp type in MySQL is different from datetime type.
Internal representation of the timestamp type is UNIX time, This means
that timestamp columns are affected by time zone.
```
> SET time_zone = '+00:00';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
> INSERT INTO time_with_zone(ts,dt) VALUES (NOW(),NOW());
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
> SELECT * FROM time_with_zone;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| ts | dt |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2016-02-07 22:11:44 | 2016-02-07 22:11:44 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
> SET time_zone = '-08:00';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
> SELECT * FROM time_with_zone;
+---------------------+---------------------+
| ts | dt |
+---------------------+---------------------+
| 2016-02-07 14:11:44 | 2016-02-07 22:11:44 |
+---------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
```
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Column options are passed as an hash args then used as `options` hash in
`add_column_options!`. Converting args to attributes is inconvinient for
using options as an hash.
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MySQL generated columns: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-table-generated-columns.html
MariaDB virtual columns: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/virtual-computed-columns/
Declare virtual columns with `t.virtual name, type: …, as: "expression"`.
Pass `stored: true` to persist the generated value (false by default).
Example:
create_table :generated_columns do |t|
t.string :name
t.virtual :upper_name, type: :string, as: "UPPER(name)"
t.virtual :name_length, type: :integer, as: "LENGTH(name)", stored: true
t.index :name_length # May be indexed, too!
end
Closes #22589
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Refactor of #22911.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Daer <jeremydaer@gmail.com>
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* Switch to keyword args where we can without breaking compat.
* Use add_table_options! for :options, too.
* Some code polish.
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Comments are specified in migrations, stored in database itself (in its schema),
and dumped into db/schema.rb file.
This allows to generate good documentation and explain columns and tables' purpose
to everyone from new developers to database administrators.
For PostgreSQL and MySQL only. SQLite does not support comments at the moment.
See docs for PostgreSQL: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-comment.html
See docs for MySQL: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/create-table.html
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Current master branch includes many schema creation improvements in
MySQL. It extract these features to the appropriate file.
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