diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'guides')
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png | bin | 15190 -> 22560 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_master.rb | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_record_querying.md | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_record_validations.md | 58 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md | 64 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md | 17 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/getting_started.md | 23 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/i18n.md | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/testing.md | 2 |
11 files changed, 100 insertions, 93 deletions
diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png Binary files differindex 117a78a39f..c489e4c00e 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb index 66bbb15afb..b295d9d21f 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(adapter: 'sqlite3', database: ':memory:' ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new(STDOUT) ActiveRecord::Schema.define do - create_table :posts do |t| + create_table :posts, force: true do |t| end - create_table :comments do |t| + create_table :comments, force: true do |t| t.integer :post_id end end diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_master.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_master.rb index d95354e12d..9557f0b7c5 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_master.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_master.rb @@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(adapter: 'sqlite3', database: ':memory:' ActiveRecord::Base.logger = Logger.new(STDOUT) ActiveRecord::Schema.define do - create_table :posts do |t| + create_table :posts, force: true do |t| end - create_table :comments do |t| + create_table :comments, force: true do |t| t.integer :post_id end end diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_querying.md b/guides/source/active_record_querying.md index 434b308170..373a98bb85 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_querying.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_querying.md @@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ This would generate a query which contains a `LEFT OUTER JOIN` whereas the If there was no `where` condition, this would generate the normal set of two queries. NOTE: Using `where` like this will only work when you pass it a Hash. For -SQL-fragments you need use `references` to force joined tables: +SQL-fragments you need to use `references` to force joined tables: ```ruby Article.includes(:comments).where("comments.visible = true").references(:comments) @@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ User.active.where(state: 'finished') # SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."state" = 'active' AND "users"."state" = 'finished' ``` -If we do want the `last where clause` to win then `Relation#merge` can +If we do want the last `where` clause to win then `Relation#merge` can be used. ```ruby diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md index c9af70934a..84925072f2 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md @@ -227,8 +227,26 @@ end ``` We'll cover validation errors in greater depth in the [Working with Validation -Errors](#working-with-validation-errors) section. For now, let's turn to the -built-in validation helpers that Rails provides by default. +Errors](#working-with-validation-errors) section. + +### `errors.details` + +To check what validator type was used on invalid attribute, you can use +`errors.details[:attribute]`. It returns array of hashes where under `:error` + key you will find symbol of used validator. + +```ruby +class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + validates :name, presence: true +end + +>> person = Person.new +>> person.valid? +>> person.errors.details[:name] #=> [{error: :blank}] +``` + +Using `details` with custom validators are covered in the [Working with +Validation Errors](#working-with-validation-errors) section. Validation Helpers ------------------ @@ -1074,6 +1092,42 @@ Another way to do this is using `[]=` setter # => ["Name cannot contain the characters !@#%*()_-+="] ``` +### `errors.details` + +You can add validator type to details hash when using `errors.add` method. + +```ruby + class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + def a_method_used_for_validation_purposes + errors.add(:name, :invalid_characters) + end + end + + person = Person.create(name: "!@#") + + person.errors.details[:name] + # => [{error: :invalid_characters}] +``` + +To improve error details to contain not allowed characters set, you can +pass additional options to `errors.add` method. + +```ruby + class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + def a_method_used_for_validation_purposes + errors.add(:name, :invalid_characters, not_allowed: "!@#%*()_-+=") + end + end + + person = Person.create(name: "!@#") + + person.errors.details[:name] + # => [{error: :invalid_characters, not_allowed: "!@#%*()_-+="}] +``` + +All built in Rails validators populate details hash with corresponding +validator types. + ### `errors[:base]` You can add error messages that are related to the object's state as a whole, instead of being related to a specific attribute. You can use this method when you want to say that the object is invalid, no matter the values of its attributes. Since `errors[:base]` is an array, you can simply add a string to it and it will be used as an error message. diff --git a/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md b/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md index 080cc41e87..0fbd6ed7e1 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md +++ b/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md @@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ C.new(0, 1).instance_variable_names # => ["@x", "@y"] NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/object/instance_variables.rb`. -### Silencing Warnings, Streams, and Exceptions +### Silencing Warnings and Exceptions The methods `silence_warnings` and `enable_warnings` change the value of `$VERBOSE` accordingly for the duration of their block, and reset it afterwards: @@ -475,26 +475,10 @@ The methods `silence_warnings` and `enable_warnings` change the value of `$VERBO silence_warnings { Object.const_set "RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER", logger } ``` -You can silence any stream while a block runs with `silence_stream`: - -```ruby -silence_stream(STDOUT) do - # STDOUT is silent here -end -``` - -The `quietly` method addresses the common use case where you want to silence STDOUT and STDERR, even in subprocesses: - -```ruby -quietly { system 'bundle install' } -``` - -For example, the railties test suite uses that one in a few places to prevent command messages from being echoed intermixed with the progress status. - Silencing exceptions is also possible with `suppress`. This method receives an arbitrary number of exception classes. If an exception is raised during the execution of the block and is `kind_of?` any of the arguments, `suppress` captures it and returns silently. Otherwise the exception is reraised: ```ruby -# If the user is locked the increment is lost, no big deal. +# If the user is locked, the increment is lost, no big deal. suppress(ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError) do current_user.increment! :visits end @@ -3813,50 +3797,6 @@ WARNING. If the argument is an `IO` it needs to respond to `rewind` to be able t NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/marshal.rb`. -Extensions to `Logger` ----------------------- - -### `around_[level]` - -Takes two arguments, a `before_message` and `after_message` and calls the current level method on the `Logger` instance, passing in the `before_message`, then the specified message, then the `after_message`: - -```ruby -logger = Logger.new("log/development.log") -logger.around_info("before", "after") { |logger| logger.info("during") } -``` - -### `silence` - -Silences every log level lesser to the specified one for the duration of the given block. Log level orders are: debug, info, error and fatal. - -```ruby -logger = Logger.new("log/development.log") -logger.silence(Logger::INFO) do - logger.debug("In space, no one can hear you scream.") - logger.info("Scream all you want, small mailman!") -end -``` - -### `datetime_format=` - -Modifies the datetime format output by the formatter class associated with this logger. If the formatter class does not have a `datetime_format` method then this is ignored. - -```ruby -class Logger::FormatWithTime < Logger::Formatter - cattr_accessor(:datetime_format) { "%Y%m%d%H%m%S" } - - def self.call(severity, timestamp, progname, msg) - "#{timestamp.strftime(datetime_format)} -- #{String === msg ? msg : msg.inspect}\n" - end -end - -logger = Logger.new("log/development.log") -logger.formatter = Logger::FormatWithTime -logger.info("<- is the current time") -``` - -NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/logger.rb`. - Extensions to `NameError` ------------------------- diff --git a/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md b/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md index f32714f893..c4fac1cff5 100644 --- a/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md +++ b/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md @@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ end ``` The *nesting* at any given place is the collection of enclosing nested class and -module objects outwards. For example, in the previous example, the nesting at +module objects outwards. The nesting at any given place can be inspected with +`Module.nesting`. For example, in the previous example, the nesting at (1) is ```ruby @@ -153,8 +154,6 @@ the blocks that may be passed to `Class.new` and `Module.new` do not get the class or module being defined pushed to their nesting. That's one of the differences between defining classes and modules in one way or another. -The nesting at any given place can be inspected with `Module.nesting`. - ### Class and Module Definitions are Constant Assignments Let's suppose the following snippet creates a class (rather than reopening it): @@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ end ``` `Post` is not syntax for a class. Rather, `Post` is a regular Ruby constant. If -all is good, the constant evaluates to an object that responds to `all`. +all is good, the constant is evaluated to an object that responds to `all`. That is why we talk about *constant* autoloading, Rails has the ability to load constants on the fly. @@ -685,12 +684,12 @@ creates an empty module and assigns it to the `Admin` constant on the fly. ### Generic Procedure Relative references are reported to be missing in the cref where they were hit, -and qualified references are reported to be missing in their parent. (See +and qualified references are reported to be missing in their parent (see [Resolution Algorithm for Relative Constants](#resolution-algorithm-for-relative-constants) at the beginning of this guide for the definition of *cref*, and [Resolution Algorithm for Qualified Constants](#resolution-algorithm-for-qualified-constants) for the definition of -*parent*.) +*parent*). The procedure to autoload constant `C` in an arbitrary situation is as follows: @@ -868,8 +867,8 @@ end ``` To resolve `User` Ruby checks `Admin` in the former case, but it does not in -the latter because it does not belong to the nesting. (See [Nesting](#nesting) -and [Resolution Algorithms](#resolution-algorithms).) +the latter because it does not belong to the nesting (see [Nesting](#nesting) +and [Resolution Algorithms](#resolution-algorithms)). Unfortunately Rails autoloading does not know the nesting in the spot where the constant was missing and so it is not able to act as Ruby would. In particular, @@ -1284,7 +1283,7 @@ c.user # NameError: uninitialized constant C::User ``` because it detects that a parent namespace already has the constant (see [Qualified -References](#autoloading-algorithms-qualified-references).) +References](#autoloading-algorithms-qualified-references)). As with pure Ruby, within the body of a direct descendant of `BasicObject` use always absolute constant paths: diff --git a/guides/source/getting_started.md b/guides/source/getting_started.md index fecd006a5f..5945d48e98 100644 --- a/guides/source/getting_started.md +++ b/guides/source/getting_started.md @@ -1271,8 +1271,8 @@ bottom of the template: ```html+erb ... -<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> | -<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> +<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> | +<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> ``` And here's how our app looks so far: @@ -1485,6 +1485,9 @@ Without this file, the confirmation dialog box wouldn't appear.  +TIP: Learn more about jQuery Unobtrusive Adapter (jQuery UJS) on +[Working With Javascript in Rails](working_with_javascript_in_rails.html) guide. + Congratulations, you can now create, show, list, update and destroy articles. @@ -1681,8 +1684,8 @@ So first, we'll wire up the Article show template </p> <% end %> -<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> | -<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> +<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> | +<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> ``` This adds a form on the `Article` show page that creates a new comment by @@ -1762,8 +1765,8 @@ add that to the `app/views/articles/show.html.erb`. </p> <% end %> -<%= link_to 'Edit Article', edit_article_path(@article) %> | -<%= link_to 'Back to Articles', articles_path %> +<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> | +<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> ``` Now you can add articles and comments to your blog and have them show up in the @@ -1828,8 +1831,8 @@ following: </p> <% end %> -<%= link_to 'Edit Article', edit_article_path(@article) %> | -<%= link_to 'Back to Articles', articles_path %> +<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> | +<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> ``` This will now render the partial in `app/views/comments/_comment.html.erb` once @@ -1878,8 +1881,8 @@ Then you make the `app/views/articles/show.html.erb` look like the following: <h2>Add a comment:</h2> <%= render 'comments/form' %> -<%= link_to 'Edit Article', edit_article_path(@article) %> | -<%= link_to 'Back to Articles', articles_path %> +<%= link_to 'Edit', edit_article_path(@article) %> | +<%= link_to 'Back', articles_path %> ``` The second render just defines the partial template we want to render, diff --git a/guides/source/i18n.md b/guides/source/i18n.md index 779526d733..fbee267975 100644 --- a/guides/source/i18n.md +++ b/guides/source/i18n.md @@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ Thus the following calls are equivalent: ```ruby I18n.t 'activerecord.errors.messages.record_invalid' -I18n.t 'errors.messages.record_invalid', scope: :active_record +I18n.t 'errors.messages.record_invalid', scope: :activerecord I18n.t :record_invalid, scope: 'activerecord.errors.messages' I18n.t :record_invalid, scope: [:activerecord, :errors, :messages] ``` @@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ So, for example, instead of the default error message `"cannot be blank"` you co | validation | with option | message | interpolation | | ------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------- | -| confirmation | - | :confirmation | - | +| confirmation | - | :confirmation | attribute | | acceptance | - | :accepted | - | | presence | - | :blank | - | | absence | - | :present | - | @@ -829,6 +829,7 @@ So, for example, instead of the default error message `"cannot be blank"` you co | numericality | :equal_to | :equal_to | count | | numericality | :less_than | :less_than | count | | numericality | :less_than_or_equal_to | :less_than_or_equal_to | count | +| numericality | :other_than | :other_than | count | | numericality | :only_integer | :not_an_integer | - | | numericality | :odd | :odd | - | | numericality | :even | :even | - | diff --git a/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md b/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md index eb3c188d38..69d3f6e86c 100644 --- a/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md +++ b/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md @@ -316,12 +316,13 @@ NOTE: Unless overridden, your response returned from this render option will be #### Options for `render` -Calls to the `render` method generally accept four options: +Calls to the `render` method generally accept five options: * `:content_type` * `:layout` * `:location` * `:status` +* `:formats` ##### The `:content_type` Option @@ -430,6 +431,15 @@ Rails understands both numeric status codes and the corresponding symbols shown NOTE: If you try to render content along with a non-content status code (100-199, 204, 205 or 304), it will be dropped from the response. +##### The `:formats` Option + +Rails uses the format specified in request (or `:html` by default). You can change this adding the `:formats` option with a symbol or an array: + +```ruby +render formats: :xml +render formats: [:json, :xml] +``` + #### Finding Layouts To find the current layout, Rails first looks for a file in `app/views/layouts` with the same base name as the controller. For example, rendering actions from the `PhotosController` class will use `app/views/layouts/photos.html.erb` (or `app/views/layouts/photos.builder`). If there is no such controller-specific layout, Rails will use `app/views/layouts/application.html.erb` or `app/views/layouts/application.builder`. If there is no `.erb` layout, Rails will use a `.builder` layout if one exists. Rails also provides several ways to more precisely assign specific layouts to individual controllers and actions. diff --git a/guides/source/testing.md b/guides/source/testing.md index 94cfcf12b7..fa55c09c64 100644 --- a/guides/source/testing.md +++ b/guides/source/testing.md @@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ within a model: ```ruby require 'test_helper' -class ProductTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase +class ProductTest < ActiveJob::TestCase test 'billing job scheduling' do assert_enqueued_with(job: BillingJob) do product.charge(account) |
