diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'guides')
80 files changed, 234 insertions, 431 deletions
diff --git a/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png b/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png Binary files differindex 077d237e4e..1a9926e578 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png Binary files differindex c489e4c00e..3f16f3b280 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/article_with_comments.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/challenge.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/challenge.png Binary files differindex 5b88a842b2..d05ef31bbe 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/challenge.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/challenge.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/confirm_dialog.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/confirm_dialog.png Binary files differindex 9755f581a6..ce65734e6c 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/confirm_dialog.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/confirm_dialog.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/forbidden_attributes_for_new_article.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/forbidden_attributes_for_new_article.png Binary files differindex 9f32c68472..50b178808e 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/forbidden_attributes_for_new_article.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/forbidden_attributes_for_new_article.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/form_with_errors.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/form_with_errors.png Binary files differindex 98bff37d4a..6eefd2885a 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/form_with_errors.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/form_with_errors.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/index_action_with_edit_link.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/index_action_with_edit_link.png Binary files differindex 0566a3ffde..a2a087a598 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/index_action_with_edit_link.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/index_action_with_edit_link.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/new_article.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/new_article.png Binary files differindex bd3ae4fa67..6edcc161b6 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/new_article.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/new_article.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/rails_welcome.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/rails_welcome.png Binary files differindex baccb11322..44f89ec8de 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/rails_welcome.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/rails_welcome.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/routing_error_no_controller.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/routing_error_no_controller.png Binary files differindex ed62862291..52150f0426 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/routing_error_no_controller.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/routing_error_no_controller.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/show_action_for_articles.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/show_action_for_articles.png Binary files differindex 4dad704f89..68837131f7 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/show_action_for_articles.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/show_action_for_articles.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/template_is_missing_articles_new.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/template_is_missing_articles_new.png Binary files differindex f4f054f3c6..a1603f5d28 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/template_is_missing_articles_new.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/template_is_missing_articles_new.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_create_for_articles.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_create_for_articles.png Binary files differindex fd20cd53dc..ec4758e085 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_create_for_articles.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_create_for_articles.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_new_for_articles.png b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_new_for_articles.png Binary files differindex e948a51e4a..f7e7464d61 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_new_for_articles.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/getting_started/unknown_action_new_for_articles.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/habtm.png b/guides/assets/images/habtm.png Binary files differindex b062bc73fe..41013b743d 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/habtm.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/habtm.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_many.png b/guides/assets/images/has_many.png Binary files differindex 79da2613d7..0d67bea38b 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_many.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_many.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png b/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png Binary files differindex 858c898dc1..b4da60e1fb 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_one.png b/guides/assets/images/has_one.png Binary files differindex 93faa05b07..c70763856a 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_one.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_one.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png b/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png Binary files differindex 07dac1a27d..888a02b775 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/header_backdrop.png b/guides/assets/images/header_backdrop.png Binary files differindex 72b030478f..81f4d91774 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/header_backdrop.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/header_backdrop.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_html_safe.png b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_html_safe.png Binary files differindex 9afa8ebec1..be75d4830e 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_html_safe.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_html_safe.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_localized_pirate.png b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_localized_pirate.png Binary files differindex bf8d0b558c..528cc27900 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_localized_pirate.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_localized_pirate.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_en.png b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_en.png Binary files differindex e887bfa306..bbb5e93c3a 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_en.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_en.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_pirate.png b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_pirate.png Binary files differindex aa5618a865..305fa93a14 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_pirate.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translated_pirate.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translation_missing.png b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translation_missing.png Binary files differindex 867aa7c42d..e9833ba307 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translation_missing.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_translation_missing.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_untranslated.png b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_untranslated.png Binary files differindex 2ea6404822..2653abc491 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_untranslated.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/i18n/demo_untranslated.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/14.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/14.png Binary files differindex 4274e6580a..dbde9ca749 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/14.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/callouts/14.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/example.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/example.png Binary files differindex de23c0aa87..a0e855befa 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/example.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/example.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/home.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/home.png Binary files differindex 24149d6e78..e70e164522 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/home.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/home.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/important.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/important.png Binary files differindex dafcf0f59e..bab53bf3aa 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/important.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/important.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/next.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/next.png Binary files differindex 355b329f5a..a158832725 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/next.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/next.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/note.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/note.png Binary files differindex 08d35a6f5c..62eec7845f 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/note.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/note.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/prev.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/prev.png Binary files differindex ea564c865e..8a96960422 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/prev.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/prev.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/tip.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/tip.png Binary files differindex d834e6d1bb..a5316d318f 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/tip.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/tip.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/icons/up.png b/guides/assets/images/icons/up.png Binary files differindex 379f0045af..6cac818170 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/icons/up.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/icons/up.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png b/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png Binary files differindex a3cbc4502a..e0a7f6d64a 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png b/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png Binary files differindex b3bd5ef69e..ac73f05cf7 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/session_fixation.png b/guides/assets/images/session_fixation.png Binary files differindex ac3ab01614..e009484f09 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/session_fixation.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/session_fixation.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/tab_yellow.png b/guides/assets/images/tab_yellow.png Binary files differindex 3ab1c56c4d..053c807d28 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/tab_yellow.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/tab_yellow.png diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb index 46fabca3e8..8b7aa893fd 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb @@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ end gemfile(true) do source "https://rubygems.org" # Activate the gem you are reporting the issue against. - gem "rails", "5.1.0.rc1" + gem "rails", "5.1.0" end require "rack/test" require "action_controller/railtie" class TestApp < Rails::Application - config.root = File.dirname(__FILE__) + config.root = __dir__ config.session_store :cookie_store, key: "cookie_store_key" secrets.secret_token = "secret_token" secrets.secret_key_base = "secret_key_base" diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_master.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_master.rb index 7644f6fe4a..3dd66c95ec 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_master.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_master.rb @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ end require "action_controller/railtie" class TestApp < Rails::Application - config.root = File.dirname(__FILE__) + config.root = __dir__ secrets.secret_token = "secret_token" secrets.secret_key_base = "secret_key_base" diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_job_gem.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_job_gem.rb index 71fe356ea0..252b270a0c 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_job_gem.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_job_gem.rb @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ end gemfile(true) do source "https://rubygems.org" # Activate the gem you are reporting the issue against. - gem "activejob", "5.1.0.rc1" + gem "activejob", "5.1.0" end require "minitest/autorun" diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb index a685c257ea..61d4e8d395 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_gem.rb @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ end gemfile(true) do source "https://rubygems.org" # Activate the gem you are reporting the issue against. - gem "activerecord", "5.1.0.rc1" + gem "activerecord", "5.1.0" gem "sqlite3" end diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_gem.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_gem.rb index b4e822dfe0..00ba3c1cd6 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_gem.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_gem.rb @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ end gemfile(true) do source "https://rubygems.org" # Activate the gem you are reporting the issue against. - gem "activerecord", "5.1.0.rc1" + gem "activerecord", "5.1.0" gem "sqlite3" end @@ -48,16 +48,14 @@ end class BugTest < Minitest::Test def test_migration_up - migrator = ActiveRecord::Migrator.new(:up, [ChangeAmountToAddScale]) - migrator.run + ChangeAmountToAddScale.migrate(:up) Payment.reset_column_information assert_equal "decimal(10,2)", Payment.columns.last.sql_type end def test_migration_down - migrator = ActiveRecord::Migrator.new(:down, [ChangeAmountToAddScale]) - migrator.run + ChangeAmountToAddScale.migrate(:down) Payment.reset_column_information assert_equal "decimal(10,0)", Payment.columns.last.sql_type diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_master.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_master.rb index 84a4b71909..52c9028b0f 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_master.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/active_record_migrations_master.rb @@ -48,16 +48,14 @@ end class BugTest < Minitest::Test def test_migration_up - migrator = ActiveRecord::Migrator.new(:up, [ChangeAmountToAddScale]) - migrator.run + ChangeAmountToAddScale.migrate(:up) Payment.reset_column_information assert_equal "decimal(10,2)", Payment.columns.last.sql_type end def test_migration_down - migrator = ActiveRecord::Migrator.new(:down, [ChangeAmountToAddScale]) - migrator.run + ChangeAmountToAddScale.migrate(:down) Payment.reset_column_information assert_equal "decimal(10,0)", Payment.columns.last.sql_type diff --git a/guides/bug_report_templates/generic_gem.rb b/guides/bug_report_templates/generic_gem.rb index e1b705bea4..4dcd04ea27 100644 --- a/guides/bug_report_templates/generic_gem.rb +++ b/guides/bug_report_templates/generic_gem.rb @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ end gemfile(true) do source "https://rubygems.org" # Activate the gem you are reporting the issue against. - gem "activesupport", "5.1.0.rc1" + gem "activesupport", "5.1.0" end require "active_support/core_ext/object/blank" diff --git a/guides/rails_guides/generator.rb b/guides/rails_guides/generator.rb index 28164a3cb4..35f014747c 100644 --- a/guides/rails_guides/generator.rb +++ b/guides/rails_guides/generator.rb @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ module RailsGuides @output_dir = "#{@guides_dir}/output" @output_dir += "/kindle" if @kindle - @source_dir += "/#{@language}" if @language + @output_dir += "/#{@language}" if @language end def create_output_dir_if_needed diff --git a/guides/rails_guides/helpers.rb b/guides/rails_guides/helpers.rb index 6f4b0b492c..520aa7f7cc 100644 --- a/guides/rails_guides/helpers.rb +++ b/guides/rails_guides/helpers.rb @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ module RailsGuides end def documents_by_section - @documents_by_section ||= YAML.load_file(File.expand_path("../../source/#{@lang ? @lang + '/' : ''}documents.yaml", __FILE__)) + @documents_by_section ||= YAML.load_file(File.expand_path("../source/#{@language ? @language + '/' : ''}documents.yaml", __dir__)) end def documents_flat diff --git a/guides/rails_guides/markdown/renderer.rb b/guides/rails_guides/markdown/renderer.rb index 9d43c10be6..7ac3d417a4 100644 --- a/guides/rails_guides/markdown/renderer.rb +++ b/guides/rails_guides/markdown/renderer.rb @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ HTML def github_file_url(file_path) tree = version || edge - root = file_path[%r{(.+)/}, 1] + root = file_path[%r{(\w+)/}, 1] path = \ case root when "abstract_controller", "action_controller", "action_dispatch" diff --git a/guides/source/5_1_release_notes.md b/guides/source/5_1_release_notes.md index fc79287d4c..fa92b9e5f8 100644 --- a/guides/source/5_1_release_notes.md +++ b/guides/source/5_1_release_notes.md @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ screenshots. [Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/28038) Rails now allows management of application secrets in a secure way, -building on top of the [sekrets](https://github.com/ahoward/sekrets) gem. +inspired by the [sekrets](https://github.com/ahoward/sekrets) gem. Run `bin/rails secrets:setup` to setup a new encrypted secrets file. This will also generate a master key, which must be stored outside of the repository. The @@ -328,9 +328,6 @@ Please refer to the [Changelog][action-cable] for detailed changes. with multiple applications. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/27425)) -* Permit same-origin connections by default. - ([commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/dae404473409fcab0e07976aec626df670e52282)) - * Add `ActiveSupport::Notifications` hook for broadcasting data. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/24988)) @@ -356,9 +353,6 @@ Please refer to the [Changelog][action-pack] for detailed changes. ### Deprecations -* Deprecated `:controller` and `:action` path parameters. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/23980)) - * Deprecated `config.action_controller.raise_on_unfiltered_parameters`. It doesn't have any effect in Rails 5.1. ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/c6640fb62b10db26004a998d2ece98baede509e5)) @@ -416,10 +410,6 @@ Please refer to the [Changelog][action-mailer] for detailed changes. ### Notable changes -* Exception handling: use `rescue_from` to handle exceptions raised by - mailer actions, by message delivery, and by deferred delivery jobs. - ([commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e35b98e6f5c54330245645f2ed40d56c74538902)) - * Allowed setting custom content type when attachments are included and body is set inline. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/27227)) diff --git a/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md b/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md index 5d987264f5..22537f960c 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md +++ b/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md @@ -715,6 +715,9 @@ end Now, the `LoginsController`'s `new` and `create` actions will work as before without requiring the user to be logged in. The `:only` option is used to skip this filter only for these actions, and there is also an `:except` option which works the other way. These options can be used when adding filters too, so you can add a filter which only runs for selected actions in the first place. +NOTE: Calling the same filter multiple times with different options will not work, +since the last filter definition will overwrite the previous ones. + ### After Filters and Around Filters In addition to "before" filters, you can also run filters after an action has been executed, or both before and after. diff --git a/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md b/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md index 65146ee7da..7751ac00df 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md +++ b/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md @@ -781,7 +781,8 @@ config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = { enable_starttls_auto: true } ``` Note: As of July 15, 2014, Google increased [its security measures](https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/6010255) and now blocks attempts from apps it deems less secure. -You can change your gmail settings [here](https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps) to allow the attempts or +You can change your Gmail settings [here](https://www.google.com/settings/security/lesssecureapps) to allow the attempts. If your Gmail account has 2-factor authentication enabled, +then you will need to set an [app password](https://myaccount.google.com/apppasswords) and use that instead of your regular password. Alternatively, you can use another ESP to send email by replacing 'smtp.gmail.com' above with the address of your provider. Mailer Testing diff --git a/guides/source/action_view_overview.md b/guides/source/action_view_overview.md index c835adeab6..10412128cc 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_view_overview.md +++ b/guides/source/action_view_overview.md @@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ image_tag("rails.png") # => <img src="http://assets.example.com/images/rails.png #### auto_discovery_link_tag -Returns a link tag that browsers and feed readers can use to auto-detect an RSS or Atom feed. +Returns a link tag that browsers and feed readers can use to auto-detect an RSS, Atom, or JSON feed. ```ruby auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, "http://www.example.com/feed.rss", { title: "RSS Feed" }) # => diff --git a/guides/source/active_job_basics.md b/guides/source/active_job_basics.md index b58ca61848..443be77934 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_job_basics.md +++ b/guides/source/active_job_basics.md @@ -310,6 +310,12 @@ UserMailer.welcome(@user).deliver_now UserMailer.welcome(@user).deliver_later ``` +NOTE: Using the asynchronous queue from a Rake task (for example, to +send an email using `.deliver_later`) will generally not work because Rake will +likely end, causing the in-process thread pool to be deleted, before any/all +of the `.deliver_later` emails are processed. To avoid this problem, use +`.deliver_now` or run a persistent queue in development. + Internationalization -------------------- diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_postgresql.md b/guides/source/active_record_postgresql.md index 6d07291b07..8543fcd20f 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_postgresql.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_postgresql.md @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Book.where("array_length(ratings, 1) >= 3") ### Hstore * [type definition](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/hstore.html) -* [functions and operators](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/hstore.html#AEN167712) +* [functions and operators](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/hstore.html#AEN179902) NOTE: You need to enable the `hstore` extension to use hstore. @@ -114,16 +114,21 @@ Profile.where("settings->'color' = ?", "yellow") # => #<ActiveRecord::Relation [#<Profile id: 1, settings: {"color"=>"yellow", "resolution"=>"1280x1024"}>]> ``` -### JSON +### JSON and JSONB * [type definition](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datatype-json.html) * [functions and operators](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/functions-json.html) ```ruby # db/migrate/20131220144913_create_events.rb +# ... for json datatype: create_table :events do |t| t.json 'payload' end +# ... or for jsonb datatype: +create_table :events do |t| + t.jsonb 'payload' +end # app/models/event.rb class Event < ApplicationRecord @@ -285,7 +290,7 @@ SELECT n.nspname AS enum_schema, ### UUID * [type definition](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datatype-uuid.html) -* [pgcrypto generator function](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/pgcrypto.html#AEN159361) +* [pgcrypto generator function](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/pgcrypto.html#AEN182570) * [uuid-ossp generator functions](http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/uuid-ossp.html) NOTE: You need to enable the `pgcrypto` (only PostgreSQL >= 9.4) or `uuid-ossp` diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_querying.md b/guides/source/active_record_querying.md index 26d01d4ede..215142223d 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_querying.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_querying.md @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ You can also use this method to query for multiple objects. Call the `find` meth ```ruby # Find the clients with primary keys 1 and 10. -client = Client.find([1, 10]) # Or even Client.find(1, 10) +clients = Client.find([1, 10]) # Or even Client.find(1, 10) # => [#<Client id: 1, first_name: "Lifo">, #<Client id: 10, first_name: "Ryan">] ``` @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ The `take` method returns `nil` if no record is found and no exception will be r You can pass in a numerical argument to the `take` method to return up to that number of results. For example ```ruby -client = Client.take(2) +clients = Client.take(2) # => [ # #<Client id: 1, first_name: "Lifo">, # #<Client id: 220, first_name: "Sara"> @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ If your [default scope](active_record_querying.html#applying-a-default-scope) co You can pass in a numerical argument to the `first` method to return up to that number of results. For example ```ruby -client = Client.first(3) +clients = Client.first(3) # => [ # #<Client id: 1, first_name: "Lifo">, # #<Client id: 2, first_name: "Fifo">, @@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ If your [default scope](active_record_querying.html#applying-a-default-scope) co You can pass in a numerical argument to the `last` method to return up to that number of results. For example ```ruby -client = Client.last(3) +clients = Client.last(3) # => [ # #<Client id: 219, first_name: "James">, # #<Client id: 220, first_name: "Sara">, @@ -513,8 +513,6 @@ Article.where(author: author) Author.joins(:articles).where(articles: { author: author }) ``` -NOTE: The values cannot be symbols. For example, you cannot do `Client.where(status: :active)`. - #### Range Conditions ```ruby @@ -557,6 +555,19 @@ In other words, this query can be generated by calling `where` with no argument, SELECT * FROM clients WHERE (clients.locked != 1) ``` +### OR Conditions + +`OR` conditions between two relations can be built by calling `or` on the first +relation, and passing the second one as an argument. + +```ruby +Client.where(locked: true).or(Client.where(orders_count: [1,3,5])) +``` + +```sql +SELECT * FROM clients WHERE (clients.locked = 1 OR clients.orders_count IN (1,3,5)) +``` + Ordering -------- diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md index 5313361dfd..6eb5de78be 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md @@ -953,7 +953,7 @@ should happen, an `Array` can be used. Moreover, you can apply both `:if` and ```ruby class Computer < ApplicationRecord validates :mouse, presence: true, - if: ["market.retail?", :desktop?], + if: [Proc.new { |c| c.market.retail? }, :desktop?], unless: Proc.new { |c| c.trackpad.present? } end ``` diff --git a/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md b/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md index 67bed4c8da..23f53ac084 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md +++ b/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md @@ -755,6 +755,8 @@ NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous.rb`. ### Method Delegation +#### `delegate` + The macro `delegate` offers an easy way to forward methods. Let's imagine that users in some application have login information in the `User` model but name and other data in a separate `Profile` model: @@ -837,13 +839,32 @@ In the previous example the macro generates `avatar_size` rather than `size`. NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/module/delegation.rb` +#### `delegate_missing_to` + +Imagine you would like to delegate everything missing from the `User` object, +to the `Profile` one. The `delegate_missing_to` macro lets you implement this +in a breeze: + +```ruby +class User < ApplicationRecord + has_one :profile + + delegate_missing_to :profile +end +``` + +The target can be anything callable within the object, e.g. instance variables, +methods, constants, etc. Only the public methods of the target are delegated. + +NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/module/delegation.rb`. + ### Redefining Methods There are cases where you need to define a method with `define_method`, but don't know whether a method with that name already exists. If it does, a warning is issued if they are enabled. No big deal, but not clean either. The method `redefine_method` prevents such a potential warning, removing the existing method before if needed. -NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method.rb` +NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/module/remove_method.rb`. Extensions to `Class` --------------------- @@ -931,7 +952,7 @@ When `:instance_reader` is `false`, the instance predicate returns a `NoMethodEr If you do not want the instance predicate, pass `instance_predicate: false` and it will not be defined. -NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/class/attribute.rb` +NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/class/attribute.rb`. #### `cattr_reader`, `cattr_writer`, and `cattr_accessor` @@ -940,8 +961,7 @@ The macros `cattr_reader`, `cattr_writer`, and `cattr_accessor` are analogous to ```ruby class MysqlAdapter < AbstractAdapter # Generates class methods to access @@emulate_booleans. - cattr_accessor :emulate_booleans - self.emulate_booleans = true + cattr_accessor :emulate_booleans, default: true end ``` @@ -950,8 +970,7 @@ Instance methods are created as well for convenience, they are just proxies to t ```ruby module ActionView class Base - cattr_accessor :field_error_proc - @@field_error_proc = Proc.new{ ... } + cattr_accessor :field_error_proc, default: Proc.new { ... } end end ``` @@ -963,7 +982,7 @@ Also, you can pass a block to `cattr_*` to set up the attribute with a default v ```ruby class MysqlAdapter < AbstractAdapter # Generates class methods to access @@emulate_booleans with default value of true. - cattr_accessor(:emulate_booleans) { true } + cattr_accessor :emulate_booleans, default: true end ``` @@ -1829,7 +1848,7 @@ as well as adding or subtracting their results from a Time object. For example: (4.months + 5.years).from_now ``` -NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/numeric/time.rb` +NOTE: Defined in `active_support/core_ext/numeric/time.rb`. ### Formatting diff --git a/guides/source/api_app.md b/guides/source/api_app.md index f373d313cc..64200ec242 100644 --- a/guides/source/api_app.md +++ b/guides/source/api_app.md @@ -206,16 +206,17 @@ An API application comes with the following middleware by default: - `ActiveSupport::Cache::Strategy::LocalCache::Middleware` - `Rack::Runtime` - `ActionDispatch::RequestId` +- `ActionDispatch::RemoteIp` - `Rails::Rack::Logger` - `ActionDispatch::ShowExceptions` - `ActionDispatch::DebugExceptions` -- `ActionDispatch::RemoteIp` - `ActionDispatch::Reloader` - `ActionDispatch::Callbacks` - `ActiveRecord::Migration::CheckPending` - `Rack::Head` - `Rack::ConditionalGet` - `Rack::ETag` +- `MyApi::Application::Routes` See the [internal middleware](rails_on_rack.html#internal-middleware-stack) section of the Rack guide for further information on them. @@ -360,7 +361,7 @@ middleware set, you can remove it with: config.middleware.delete ::Rack::Sendfile ``` -Keep in mind that removing these middleware will remove support for certain +Keep in mind that removing these middlewares will remove support for certain features in Action Controller. Choosing Controller Modules @@ -385,8 +386,9 @@ controller modules by default: hooks defined by Action Controller (see [the instrumentation guide](active_support_instrumentation.html#action-controller) for more information regarding this). -- `ActionController::ParamsWrapper`: Wraps the parameters hash into a nested hash, +- `ActionController::ParamsWrapper`: Wraps the parameters hash into a nested hash, so that you don't have to specify root elements sending POST requests for instance. +- `ActionController::Head`: Support for returning a response with no content, only headers Other plugins may add additional modules. You can get a list of all modules included into `ActionController::API` in the rails console: @@ -394,12 +396,12 @@ included into `ActionController::API` in the rails console: ```bash $ bin/rails c >> ActionController::API.ancestors - ActionController::Metal.ancestors -=> [ActionController::API, - ActiveRecord::Railties::ControllerRuntime, - ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet::MountedHelpers, - ActionController::ParamsWrapper, - ... , - AbstractController::Rendering, +=> [ActionController::API, + ActiveRecord::Railties::ControllerRuntime, + ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet::MountedHelpers, + ActionController::ParamsWrapper, + ... , + AbstractController::Rendering, ActionView::ViewPaths] ``` diff --git a/guides/source/api_documentation_guidelines.md b/guides/source/api_documentation_guidelines.md index 3c61754982..c3c7367304 100644 --- a/guides/source/api_documentation_guidelines.md +++ b/guides/source/api_documentation_guidelines.md @@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ Methods created with `(module|class)_eval(STRING)` have a comment by their side ```ruby for severity in Severity.constants - class_eval <<-EOT, __FILE__, __LINE__ + class_eval <<-EOT, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1 def #{severity.downcase}(message = nil, progname = nil, &block) # def debug(message = nil, progname = nil, &block) add(#{severity}, message, progname, &block) # add(DEBUG, message, progname, &block) end # end diff --git a/guides/source/asset_pipeline.md b/guides/source/asset_pipeline.md index 61b7112247..a02eebf263 100644 --- a/guides/source/asset_pipeline.md +++ b/guides/source/asset_pipeline.md @@ -447,15 +447,15 @@ For example, a new Rails application includes a default ```js // ... -//= require jquery -//= require jquery_ujs +//= require rails-ujs +//= require turbolinks //= require_tree . ``` In JavaScript files, Sprockets directives begin with `//=`. In the above case, the file is using the `require` and the `require_tree` directives. The `require` directive is used to tell Sprockets the files you wish to require. Here, you are -requiring the files `jquery.js` and `jquery_ujs.js` that are available somewhere +requiring the files `rails-ujs.js` and `turbolinks.js` that are available somewhere in the search path for Sprockets. You need not supply the extensions explicitly. Sprockets assumes you are requiring a `.js` file when done from within a `.js` file. @@ -572,20 +572,6 @@ would generate this HTML: The `body` param is required by Sprockets. -### Runtime Error Checking - -By default the asset pipeline will check for potential errors in development mode during -runtime. To disable this behavior you can set: - -```ruby -config.assets.raise_runtime_errors = false -``` - -When this option is true, the asset pipeline will check if all the assets loaded -in your application are included in the `config.assets.precompile` list. -If `config.assets.digest` is also true, the asset pipeline will require that -all requests for assets include digests. - ### Raise an Error When an Asset is Not Found If you are using sprockets-rails >= 3.2.0 you can configure what happens @@ -868,7 +854,7 @@ pre-existing JavaScript runtimes, you may want to add one to your Gemfile: ```ruby group :production do - gem 'therubyracer' + gem 'mini_racer' end ``` diff --git a/guides/source/association_basics.md b/guides/source/association_basics.md index 5794bfa666..bead931529 100644 --- a/guides/source/association_basics.md +++ b/guides/source/association_basics.md @@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ class CreateBooks < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0] t.string :book_number t.integer :author_id end - + add_index :books, :author_id add_foreign_key :books, :authors end @@ -960,7 +960,7 @@ class Author < ApplicationRecord end ``` -NOTE: You only need to specify the :counter_cache option on the `belongs_to` +NOTE: You only need to specify the `:counter_cache` option on the `belongs_to` side of the association. Counter cache columns are added to the containing model's list of read-only attributes through `attr_readonly`. @@ -1417,7 +1417,7 @@ If either of these saves fails due to validation errors, then the assignment sta If the parent object (the one declaring the `has_one` association) is unsaved (that is, `new_record?` returns `true`) then the child objects are not saved. They will automatically when the parent object is saved. -If you want to assign an object to a `has_one` association without saving the object, use the `association.build` method. +If you want to assign an object to a `has_one` association without saving the object, use the `build_association` method. ### `has_many` Association Reference @@ -1559,7 +1559,7 @@ The `collection.size` method returns the number of objects in the collection. The `collection.find` method finds objects within the collection. It uses the same syntax and options as `ActiveRecord::Base.find`. ```ruby -@available_books = @author.books.find(1) +@available_book = @author.books.find(1) ``` ##### `collection.where(...)` @@ -1831,7 +1831,7 @@ The `limit` method lets you restrict the total number of objects that will be fe class Author < ApplicationRecord has_many :recent_books, -> { order('published_at desc').limit(100) }, - class_name: "Book", + class_name: "Book" end ``` diff --git a/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md b/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md index 61657023e7..05743ee4ce 100644 --- a/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md +++ b/guides/source/autoloading_and_reloading_constants.md @@ -983,20 +983,19 @@ WHERE "polygons"."type" IN ("Rectangle") That is not a bug, the query includes all *known* descendants of `Rectangle`. A way to ensure this works correctly regardless of the order of execution is to -load the leaves of the tree by hand at the bottom of the file that defines the -root class: +manually load the direct subclasses at the bottom of the file that defines each +intermediate class: ```ruby -# app/models/polygon.rb -class Polygon < ApplicationRecord +# app/models/rectangle.rb +class Rectangle < Polygon end -require_dependency ‘square’ +require_dependency 'square' ``` -Only the leaves that are **at least grandchildren** need to be loaded this -way. Direct subclasses do not need to be preloaded. If the hierarchy is -deeper, intermediate classes will be autoloaded recursively from the bottom -because their constant will appear in the class definitions as superclass. +This needs to happen for every intermediate (non-root and non-leaf) class. The +root class does not scope the query by type, and therefore does not necessarily +have to know all its descendants. ### Autoloading and `require` diff --git a/guides/source/configuring.md b/guides/source/configuring.md index bf9456a482..21b3ca0efa 100644 --- a/guides/source/configuring.md +++ b/guides/source/configuring.md @@ -157,8 +157,6 @@ defaults to `:debug` for all environments. The available log levels are: `:debug * `config.assets.enabled` a flag that controls whether the asset pipeline is enabled. It is set to `true` by default. -* `config.assets.raise_runtime_errors` Set this flag to `true` to enable additional runtime error checking. Recommended in `config/environments/development.rb` to minimize unexpected behavior when deploying to `production`. - * `config.assets.css_compressor` defines the CSS compressor to use. It is set by default by `sass-rails`. The unique alternative value at the moment is `:yui`, which uses the `yui-compressor` gem. * `config.assets.js_compressor` defines the JavaScript compressor to use. Possible values are `:closure`, `:uglifier` and `:yui` which require the use of the `closure-compiler`, `uglifier` or `yui-compressor` gems respectively. @@ -456,10 +454,14 @@ to `'http authentication'`. Defaults to `'signed cookie'`. * `config.action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt` sets the encrypted cookies salt -value. Defaults to `'encrypted cookie'`. + value. Defaults to `'encrypted cookie'`. * `config.action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt` sets the signed -encrypted cookies salt value. Defaults to `'signed encrypted cookie'`. + encrypted cookies salt value. Defaults to `'signed encrypted cookie'`. + +* `config.action_dispatch.authenticated_encrypted_cookie_salt` sets the + authenticated encrypted cookie salt. Defaults to `'authenticated encrypted + cookie'`. * `config.action_dispatch.perform_deep_munge` configures whether `deep_munge` method should be performed on the parameters. See [Security Guide](security.html#unsafe-query-generation) @@ -493,8 +495,6 @@ encrypted cookies salt value. Defaults to `'signed encrypted cookie'`. * `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.before` takes a block of code to run before the request. -* `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.to_prepare` takes a block to run after `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.before`, but before the request. Runs for every request in `development` mode, but only once for `production` or environments with `cache_classes` set to `true`. - * `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.after` takes a block of code to run after the request. ### Configuring Action View @@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ Below is a comprehensive list of all the initializers found in Rails in the orde * `finisher_hook`: Provides a hook for after the initialization of process of the application is complete, as well as running all the `config.after_initialize` blocks for the application, railties and engines. -* `set_routes_reloader_hook`: Configures Action Dispatch to reload the routes file using `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.to_prepare`. +* `set_routes_reloader_hook`: Configures Action Dispatch to reload the routes file using `ActiveSupport::Callbacks.to_run`. * `disable_dependency_loading`: Disables the automatic dependency loading if the `config.eager_load` is set to `true`. diff --git a/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md b/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md index 39f4272b3c..2f2962a3e6 100644 --- a/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md +++ b/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md @@ -141,14 +141,15 @@ NOTE: To help our CI servers you should add [ci skip] to your documentation comm Translating Rails Guides ------------------------ -We are happy to have people volunteer to translate the Rails guides into their own language. -If you want to translate the Rails guides in your own language, follows these steps: +We are happy to have people volunteer to translate the Rails guides. Just follow these steps: -* Fork the project (rails/rails). +* Fork https://github.com/rails/rails. * Add a source folder for your own language, for example: *guides/source/it-IT* for Italian. * Copy the contents of *guides/source* into your own language directory and translate them. * Do NOT translate the HTML files, as they are automatically generated. +Note that translations are not submitted to the Rails repository. As detailed above, your work happens in a fork. This is so because in practice documentation maintenance via patches is only sustainable in English. + To generate the guides in HTML format cd into the *guides* directory then run (eg. for it-IT): ```bash diff --git a/guides/source/development_dependencies_install.md b/guides/source/development_dependencies_install.md index 7ec038eb4d..c57efd6362 100644 --- a/guides/source/development_dependencies_install.md +++ b/guides/source/development_dependencies_install.md @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ $ sudo apt-get install sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev If you are on Fedora or CentOS, you're done with ```bash -$ sudo yum install sqlite3 sqlite3-devel +$ sudo yum install libsqlite3x libsqlite3x-devel ``` If you are on Arch Linux, you will need to run: diff --git a/guides/source/documents.yaml b/guides/source/documents.yaml index 2afef57fc2..59205ee465 100644 --- a/guides/source/documents.yaml +++ b/guides/source/documents.yaml @@ -130,11 +130,6 @@ url: active_support_instrumentation.html description: This guide explains how to use the instrumentation API inside of Active Support to measure events inside of Rails and other Ruby code. - - name: Profiling Rails Applications - work_in_progress: true - url: profiling.html - description: This guide explains how to profile your Rails applications to improve performance. - - name: Using Rails for API-only Applications url: api_app.html description: This guide explains how to effectively use Rails to develop a JSON API application. diff --git a/guides/source/generators.md b/guides/source/generators.md index a554e08204..be1be75e7a 100644 --- a/guides/source/generators.md +++ b/guides/source/generators.md @@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ This is the generator just created: ```ruby class InitializerGenerator < Rails::Generators::NamedBase - source_root File.expand_path("../templates", __FILE__) + source_root File.expand_path("templates", __dir__) end ``` @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ And now let's change the generator to copy this template when invoked: ```ruby class InitializerGenerator < Rails::Generators::NamedBase - source_root File.expand_path("../templates", __FILE__) + source_root File.expand_path("templates", __dir__) def copy_initializer_file copy_file "initializer.rb", "config/initializers/#{file_name}.rb" @@ -689,14 +689,6 @@ Available options are: * `:env` - Specifies the environment in which to run this rake task. * `:sudo` - Whether or not to run this task using `sudo`. Defaults to `false`. -### `capify!` - -Runs the `capify` command from Capistrano at the root of the application which generates Capistrano configuration. - -```ruby -capify! -``` - ### `route` Adds text to the `config/routes.rb` file: diff --git a/guides/source/getting_started.md b/guides/source/getting_started.md index f3ae5a5b28..49c691c841 100644 --- a/guides/source/getting_started.md +++ b/guides/source/getting_started.md @@ -20,16 +20,7 @@ Guide Assumptions This guide is designed for beginners who want to get started with a Rails application from scratch. It does not assume that you have any prior experience -with Rails. However, to get the most out of it, you need to have some -prerequisites installed: - -* The [Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads) language version 2.2.2 or newer. -* Right version of [Development Kit](http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/), if you - are using Windows. -* The [RubyGems](https://rubygems.org) packaging system, which is installed with - Ruby by default. To learn more about RubyGems, please read the - [RubyGems Guides](http://guides.rubygems.org). -* A working installation of the [SQLite3 Database](https://www.sqlite.org). +with Rails. Rails is a web application framework running on the Ruby programming language. If you have no prior experience with Ruby, you will find a very steep learning @@ -86,6 +77,9 @@ your prompt will look something like `c:\source_code>` ### Installing Rails +Before you install Rails, you should check to make sure that your system has the +proper prerequisites installed. These include Ruby and SQLite3. + Open up a command line prompt. On macOS open Terminal.app, on Windows choose "Run" from your Start menu and type 'cmd.exe'. Any commands prefaced with a dollar sign `$` should be run in the command line. Verify that you have a @@ -96,12 +90,19 @@ $ ruby -v ruby 2.3.1p112 ``` +Rails requires Ruby version 2.2.2 or later. If the version number returned is +less than that number, you'll need to install a fresh copy of Ruby. + TIP: A number of tools exist to help you quickly install Ruby and Ruby on Rails on your system. Windows users can use [Rails Installer](http://railsinstaller.org), while macOS users can use [Tokaido](https://github.com/tokaido/tokaidoapp). For more installation methods for most Operating Systems take a look at [ruby-lang.org](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/installation/). +If you are working on Windows, you should also install the +[Ruby Installer Development Kit](http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/). + +You will also need an installation of the SQLite3 database. Many popular UNIX-like OSes ship with an acceptable version of SQLite3. On Windows, if you installed Rails through Rails Installer, you already have SQLite installed. Others can find installation instructions @@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ run the following: $ rails --version ``` -If it says something like "Rails 5.1.0", you are ready to continue. +If it says something like "Rails 5.1.1", you are ready to continue. ### Creating the Blog Application @@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ TIP: Compiling CoffeeScript and JavaScript asset compression requires you have a JavaScript runtime available on your system, in the absence of a runtime you will see an `execjs` error during asset compilation. Usually macOS and Windows come with a JavaScript runtime installed. -Rails adds the `therubyracer` gem to the generated `Gemfile` in a +Rails adds the `mini_racer` gem to the generated `Gemfile` in a commented line for new apps and you can uncomment if you need it. `therubyrhino` is the recommended runtime for JRuby users and is added by default to the `Gemfile` in apps generated under JRuby. You can investigate @@ -909,6 +910,7 @@ And then finally, add the view for this action, located at <tr> <th>Title</th> <th>Text</th> + <th></th> </tr> <% @articles.each do |article| %> @@ -1195,7 +1197,7 @@ it look as follows: This time we point the form to the `update` action, which is not defined yet but will be very soon. -Passing the article object to the method, will automagically create url for submitting the edited article form. +Passing the article object to the method, will automagically create url for submitting the edited article form. This option tells Rails that we want this form to be submitted via the `PATCH` HTTP method which is the HTTP method you're expected to use to **update** resources according to the REST protocol. @@ -1488,14 +1490,14 @@ second argument, and then the options as another argument. The `method: :delete` and `data: { confirm: 'Are you sure?' }` options are used as HTML5 attributes so that when the link is clicked, Rails will first show a confirm dialog to the user, and then submit the link with method `delete`. This is done via the -JavaScript file `jquery_ujs` which is automatically included in your +JavaScript file `rails-ujs` which is automatically included in your application's layout (`app/views/layouts/application.html.erb`) when you generated the application. Without this file, the confirmation dialog box won't appear.  -TIP: Learn more about jQuery Unobtrusive Adapter (jQuery UJS) on +TIP: Learn more about Unobtrusive JavaScript on [Working With JavaScript in Rails](working_with_javascript_in_rails.html) guide. Congratulations, you can now create, show, list, update and destroy diff --git a/guides/source/initialization.md b/guides/source/initialization.md index 3ea156c6fe..86aea2c24d 100644 --- a/guides/source/initialization.md +++ b/guides/source/initialization.md @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ defined here to find the matching command. ### `rails/command.rb` When one types a Rails command, `invoke` tries to lookup a command for the given -namespace and executing the command if found. +namespace and executes the command if found. If Rails doesn't recognize the command, it hands the reins over to Rake to run a task of the same name. diff --git a/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md b/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md index 48bb3147f3..c96cf61761 100644 --- a/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md +++ b/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md @@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ WARNING: The asset tag helpers do _not_ verify the existence of the assets at th #### Linking to Feeds with the `auto_discovery_link_tag` -The `auto_discovery_link_tag` helper builds HTML that most browsers and feed readers can use to detect the presence of RSS or Atom feeds. It takes the type of the link (`:rss` or `:atom`), a hash of options that are passed through to url_for, and a hash of options for the tag: +The `auto_discovery_link_tag` helper builds HTML that most browsers and feed readers can use to detect the presence of RSS, Atom, or JSON feeds. It takes the type of the link (`:rss`, `:atom`, or `:json`), a hash of options that are passed through to url_for, and a hash of options for the tag: ```erb <%= auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {action: "feed"}, @@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ To pass a local variable to a partial in only specific cases use the `local_assi This way it is possible to use the partial without the need to declare all local variables. -Every partial also has a local variable with the same name as the partial (minus the underscore). You can pass an object in to this local variable via the `:object` option: +Every partial also has a local variable with the same name as the partial (minus the leading underscore). You can pass an object in to this local variable via the `:object` option: ```erb <%= render partial: "customer", object: @new_customer %> diff --git a/guides/source/nested_model_forms.md b/guides/source/nested_model_forms.md deleted file mode 100644 index 71efa4b0d0..0000000000 --- a/guides/source/nested_model_forms.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,230 +0,0 @@ -**DO NOT READ THIS FILE ON GITHUB, GUIDES ARE PUBLISHED ON http://guides.rubyonrails.org.** - -Rails Nested Model Forms -======================== - -Creating a form for a model _and_ its associations can become quite tedious. Therefore Rails provides helpers to assist in dealing with the complexities of generating these forms _and_ the required CRUD operations to create, update, and destroy associations. - -After reading this guide, you will know: - -* do stuff. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -NOTE: This guide assumes the user knows how to use the [Rails form helpers](form_helpers.html) in general. Also, it's **not** an API reference. For a complete reference please visit [the Rails API documentation](http://api.rubyonrails.org/). - - -Model setup ------------ - -To be able to use the nested model functionality in your forms, the model will need to support some basic operations. - -First of all, it needs to define a writer method for the attribute that corresponds to the association you are building a nested model form for. The `fields_for` form helper will look for this method to decide whether or not a nested model form should be built. - -If the associated object is an array, a form builder will be yielded for each object, else only a single form builder will be yielded. - -Consider a Person model with an associated Address. When asked to yield a nested FormBuilder for the `:address` attribute, the `fields_for` form helper will look for a method on the Person instance named `address_attributes=`. - -### ActiveRecord::Base model - -For an ActiveRecord::Base model and association this writer method is commonly defined with the `accepts_nested_attributes_for` class method: - -#### has_one - -```ruby -class Person < ApplicationRecord - has_one :address - accepts_nested_attributes_for :address -end -``` - -#### belongs_to - -```ruby -class Person < ApplicationRecord - belongs_to :firm - accepts_nested_attributes_for :firm -end -``` - -#### has_many / has_and_belongs_to_many - -```ruby -class Person < ApplicationRecord - has_many :projects - accepts_nested_attributes_for :projects -end -``` - -NOTE: For greater detail on associations see [Active Record Associations](association_basics.html). -For a complete reference on associations please visit the API documentation for [ActiveRecord::Associations::ClassMethods](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Associations/ClassMethods.html). - -### Custom model - -As you might have inflected from this explanation, you _don't_ necessarily need an ActiveRecord::Base model to use this functionality. The following examples are sufficient to enable the nested model form behavior: - -#### Single associated object - -```ruby -class Person - def address - Address.new - end - - def address_attributes=(attributes) - # ... - end -end -``` - -#### Association collection - -```ruby -class Person - def projects - [Project.new, Project.new] - end - - def projects_attributes=(attributes) - # ... - end -end -``` - -NOTE: See (TODO) in the advanced section for more information on how to deal with the CRUD operations in your custom model. - -Views ------ - -### Controller code - -A nested model form will _only_ be built if the associated object(s) exist. This means that for a new model instance you would probably want to build the associated object(s) first. - -Consider the following typical RESTful controller which will prepare a new Person instance and its `address` and `projects` associations before rendering the `new` template: - -```ruby -class PeopleController < ApplicationController - def new - @person = Person.new - @person.build_address - 2.times { @person.projects.build } - end - - def create - @person = Person.new(params[:person]) - if @person.save - # ... - end - end -end -``` - -NOTE: Obviously the instantiation of the associated object(s) can become tedious and not DRY, so you might want to move that into the model itself. ActiveRecord::Base provides an `after_initialize` callback which is a good way to refactor this. - -### Form code - -Now that you have a model instance, with the appropriate methods and associated object(s), you can start building the nested model form. - -#### Standard form - -Start out with a regular RESTful form: - -```erb -<%= form_for @person do |f| %> - <%= f.text_field :name %> -<% end %> -``` - -This will generate the following html: - -```html -<form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"> - <input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /> -</form> -``` - -#### Nested form for a single associated object - -Now add a nested form for the `address` association: - -```erb -<%= form_for @person do |f| %> - <%= f.text_field :name %> - - <%= f.fields_for :address do |af| %> - <%= af.text_field :street %> - <% end %> -<% end %> -``` - -This generates: - -```html -<form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"> - <input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /> - - <input id="person_address_attributes_street" name="person[address_attributes][street]" type="text" /> -</form> -``` - -Notice that `fields_for` recognized the `address` as an association for which a nested model form should be built by the way it has namespaced the `name` attribute. - -When this form is posted the Rails parameter parser will construct a hash like the following: - -```ruby -{ - "person" => { - "name" => "Eloy Duran", - "address_attributes" => { - "street" => "Nieuwe Prinsengracht" - } - } -} -``` - -That's it. The controller will simply pass this hash on to the model from the `create` action. The model will then handle building the `address` association for you and automatically save it when the parent (`person`) is saved. - -#### Nested form for a collection of associated objects - -The form code for an association collection is pretty similar to that of a single associated object: - -```erb -<%= form_for @person do |f| %> - <%= f.text_field :name %> - - <%= f.fields_for :projects do |pf| %> - <%= pf.text_field :name %> - <% end %> -<% end %> -``` - -Which generates: - -```html -<form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"> - <input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /> - - <input id="person_projects_attributes_0_name" name="person[projects_attributes][0][name]" type="text" /> - <input id="person_projects_attributes_1_name" name="person[projects_attributes][1][name]" type="text" /> -</form> -``` - -As you can see it has generated 2 `project name` inputs, one for each new `project` that was built in the controller's `new` action. Only this time the `name` attribute of the input contains a digit as an extra namespace. This will be parsed by the Rails parameter parser as: - -```ruby -{ - "person" => { - "name" => "Eloy Duran", - "projects_attributes" => { - "0" => { "name" => "Project 1" }, - "1" => { "name" => "Project 2" } - } - } -} -``` - -You can basically see the `projects_attributes` hash as an array of attribute hashes, one for each model instance. - -NOTE: The reason that `fields_for` constructed a hash instead of an array is that it won't work for any form nested deeper than one level deep. - -TIP: You _can_ however pass an array to the writer method generated by `accepts_nested_attributes_for` if you're using plain Ruby or some other API access. See (TODO) for more info and example. diff --git a/guides/source/plugins.md b/guides/source/plugins.md index 760ff431c0..8c2d56ceb8 100644 --- a/guides/source/plugins.md +++ b/guides/source/plugins.md @@ -340,8 +340,7 @@ module Yaffle module ClassMethods def acts_as_yaffle(options = {}) - cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field - self.yaffle_text_field = (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s + cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field, default: (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s end end end @@ -411,8 +410,7 @@ module Yaffle module ClassMethods def acts_as_yaffle(options = {}) - cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field - self.yaffle_text_field = (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s + cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field, default: (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s include Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle::LocalInstanceMethods end diff --git a/guides/source/profiling.md b/guides/source/profiling.md deleted file mode 100644 index ce093f78ba..0000000000 --- a/guides/source/profiling.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ -*DO NOT READ THIS FILE ON GITHUB, GUIDES ARE PUBLISHED ON http://guides.rubyonrails.org.** - -A Guide to Profiling Rails Applications -======================================= - -This guide covers built-in mechanisms in Rails for profiling your application. - -After reading this guide, you will know: - -* Rails profiling terminology. -* How to write benchmark tests for your application. -* Other benchmarking approaches and plugins. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - diff --git a/guides/source/rails_application_templates.md b/guides/source/rails_application_templates.md index 3e99ee7021..e087834a2f 100644 --- a/guides/source/rails_application_templates.md +++ b/guides/source/rails_application_templates.md @@ -277,6 +277,6 @@ relative paths to your template's location. ```ruby def source_paths - [File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__))] + [__dir__] end ``` diff --git a/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md b/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md index f25b185fb5..cef8450ee4 100644 --- a/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md +++ b/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md @@ -110,11 +110,12 @@ use ActiveSupport::Cache::Strategy::LocalCache::Middleware use Rack::Runtime use Rack::MethodOverride use ActionDispatch::RequestId +use ActionDispatch::RemoteIp +use Sprockets::Rails::QuietAssets use Rails::Rack::Logger use ActionDispatch::ShowExceptions use WebConsole::Middleware use ActionDispatch::DebugExceptions -use ActionDispatch::RemoteIp use ActionDispatch::Reloader use ActionDispatch::Callbacks use ActiveRecord::Migration::CheckPending @@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ use ActionDispatch::Flash use Rack::Head use Rack::ConditionalGet use Rack::ETag -run Rails.application.routes +run MyApp.application.routes ``` The default middlewares shown here (and some others) are each summarized in the [Internal Middlewares](#internal-middleware-stack) section, below. @@ -238,6 +239,14 @@ Much of Action Controller's functionality is implemented as Middlewares. The fol * Makes a unique `X-Request-Id` header available to the response and enables the `ActionDispatch::Request#request_id` method. +**`ActionDispatch::RemoteIp`** + +* Checks for IP spoofing attacks. + +**`Sprockets::Rails::QuietAssets`** + +* Suppresses logger output for asset requests. + **`Rails::Rack::Logger`** * Notifies the logs that the request has began. After request is complete, flushes all the logs. @@ -250,10 +259,6 @@ Much of Action Controller's functionality is implemented as Middlewares. The fol * Responsible for logging exceptions and showing a debugging page in case the request is local. -**`ActionDispatch::RemoteIp`** - -* Checks for IP spoofing attacks. - **`ActionDispatch::Reloader`** * Provides prepare and cleanup callbacks, intended to assist with code reloading during development. diff --git a/guides/source/security.md b/guides/source/security.md index c305350243..297680b176 100644 --- a/guides/source/security.md +++ b/guides/source/security.md @@ -95,16 +95,23 @@ Rails 2 introduced a new default session storage, CookieStore. CookieStore saves * The client can see everything you store in a session, because it is stored in clear-text (actually Base64-encoded, so not encrypted). So, of course, _you don't want to store any secrets here_. To prevent session hash tampering, a digest is calculated from the session with a server-side secret (`secrets.secret_token`) and inserted into the end of the cookie. -However, since Rails 4, the default store is EncryptedCookieStore. With -EncryptedCookieStore the session is encrypted before being stored in a cookie. -This prevents the user from accessing and tampering the content of the cookie. -Thus the session becomes a more secure place to store data. The encryption is -done using a server-side secret key `secrets.secret_key_base` stored in -`config/secrets.yml`. +In Rails 4, encrypted cookies through AES in CBC mode with HMAC using SHA1 for +verification was introduced. This prevents the user from accessing and tampering +the content of the cookie. Thus the session becomes a more secure place to store +data. The encryption is performed using a server-side `secrets.secret_key_base`. +Two salts are used when deriving keys for encryption and verification. These +salts are set via the `config.action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt` and +`config.action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt` configuration values. -That means the security of this storage depends on this secret (and on the digest algorithm, which defaults to SHA1, for compatibility). So _don't use a trivial secret, i.e. a word from a dictionary, or one which is shorter than 30 characters, use `rails secret` instead_. +Rails 5.2 uses AES-GCM for the encryption which couples authentication +and encryption in one faster step and produces shorter ciphertexts. -`secrets.secret_key_base` is used for specifying a key which allows sessions for the application to be verified against a known secure key to prevent tampering. Applications get `secrets.secret_key_base` initialized to a random key present in `config/secrets.yml`, e.g.: +Encrypted cookies are automatically upgraded if the +`config.action_dispatch.use_authenticated_cookie_encryption` is enabled. + +_Do not use a trivial secret, i.e. a word from a dictionary, or one which is shorter than 30 characters! Instead use `rails secret` to generate secret keys!_ + +Applications get `secrets.secret_key_base` initialized to a random key present in `config/secrets.yml`, e.g.: development: secret_key_base: a75d... @@ -356,7 +363,7 @@ send_file('/var/www/uploads/' + params[:filename]) Simply pass a file name like "../../../etc/passwd" to download the server's login information. A simple solution against this, is to _check that the requested file is in the expected directory_: ```ruby -basename = File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '../../files')) +basename = File.expand_path('../../files', __dir__) filename = File.expand_path(File.join(basename, @file.public_filename)) raise if basename != File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(filename), '../../../')) @@ -796,7 +803,7 @@ In December 2006, 34,000 actual user names and passwords were stolen in a [MySpa INFO: _CSS Injection is actually JavaScript injection, because some browsers (IE, some versions of Safari and others) allow JavaScript in CSS. Think twice about allowing custom CSS in your web application._ -CSS Injection is explained best by the well-known [MySpace Samy worm](http://namb.la/popular/tech.html). This worm automatically sent a friend request to Samy (the attacker) simply by visiting his profile. Within several hours he had over 1 million friend requests, which created so much traffic that MySpace went offline. The following is a technical explanation of that worm. +CSS Injection is explained best by the well-known [MySpace Samy worm](https://samy.pl/popular/tech.html). This worm automatically sent a friend request to Samy (the attacker) simply by visiting his profile. Within several hours he had over 1 million friend requests, which created so much traffic that MySpace went offline. The following is a technical explanation of that worm. MySpace blocked many tags, but allowed CSS. So the worm's author put JavaScript into CSS like this: @@ -1053,6 +1060,7 @@ Additional Resources The security landscape shifts and it is important to keep up to date, because missing a new vulnerability can be catastrophic. You can find additional resources about (Rails) security here: -* Subscribe to the Rails security [mailing list](http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-security) -* [Keep up to date on the other application layers](http://secunia.com/) (they have a weekly newsletter, too) -* A [good security blog](https://www.owasp.org) including the [Cross-Site scripting Cheat Sheet](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/DOM_based_XSS_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet) +* Subscribe to the Rails security [mailing list.](http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-security) +* [Brakeman - Rails Security Scanner](http://brakemanscanner.org/) - To perform static security analysis for Rails applications. +* [Keep up to date on the other application layers.](http://secunia.com/) (they have a weekly newsletter, too) +* A [good security blog](https://www.owasp.org) including the [Cross-Site scripting Cheat Sheet.](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/DOM_based_XSS_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet) diff --git a/guides/source/testing.md b/guides/source/testing.md index 7741834153..7abf3af187 100644 --- a/guides/source/testing.md +++ b/guides/source/testing.md @@ -350,7 +350,9 @@ Rails adds some custom assertions of its own to the `minitest` framework: | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------- | | [`assert_difference(expressions, difference = 1, message = nil) {...}`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/Testing/Assertions.html#method-i-assert_difference) | Test numeric difference between the return value of an expression as a result of what is evaluated in the yielded block.| | [`assert_no_difference(expressions, message = nil, &block)`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/Testing/Assertions.html#method-i-assert_no_difference) | Asserts that the numeric result of evaluating an expression is not changed before and after invoking the passed in block.| -| [`assert_nothing_raised { block }`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/TestCase.html#method-i-assert_nothing_raised) | Ensures that the given block doesn't raise any exceptions.| +| [`assert_changes(expressions, message = nil, from:, to:, &block)`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/Testing/Assertions.html#method-i-assert_changes) | Test that the result of evaluating an expression is changed after invoking the passed in block.| +| [`assert_no_changes(expressions, message = nil, &block)`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/Testing/Assertions.html#method-i-assert_no_changes) | Test the result of evaluating an expression is not changed after invoking the passed in block.| +| [`assert_nothing_raised { block }`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/Testing/Assertions.html#method-i-assert_nothing_raised) | Ensures that the given block doesn't raise any exceptions.| | [`assert_recognizes(expected_options, path, extras={}, message=nil)`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Assertions/RoutingAssertions.html#method-i-assert_recognizes) | Asserts that the routing of the given path was handled correctly and that the parsed options (given in the expected_options hash) match path. Basically, it asserts that Rails recognizes the route given by expected_options.| | [`assert_generates(expected_path, options, defaults={}, extras = {}, message=nil)`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Assertions/RoutingAssertions.html#method-i-assert_generates) | Asserts that the provided options can be used to generate the provided path. This is the inverse of assert_recognizes. The extras parameter is used to tell the request the names and values of additional request parameters that would be in a query string. The message parameter allows you to specify a custom error message for assertion failures.| | [`assert_response(type, message = nil)`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Assertions/ResponseAssertions.html#method-i-assert_response) | Asserts that the response comes with a specific status code. You can specify `:success` to indicate 200-299, `:redirect` to indicate 300-399, `:missing` to indicate 404, or `:error` to match the 500-599 range. You can also pass an explicit status number or its symbolic equivalent. For more information, see [full list of status codes](http://rubydoc.info/github/rack/rack/master/Rack/Utils#HTTP_STATUS_CODES-constant) and how their [mapping](http://rubydoc.info/github/rack/rack/master/Rack/Utils#SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE-constant) works.| @@ -600,19 +602,16 @@ Model tests don't have their own superclass like `ActionMailer::TestCase` instea System Testing -------------- -System tests are full-browser tests that can be used to test your application's -JavaScript and user experience. System tests use Capybara as a base. - -System tests allow for running tests in either a real browser or a headless -driver for testing full user interactions with your application. +System tests allow you to test user interactions with your application, running tests +in either a real or a headless browser. System tests uses Capybara under the hood. For creating Rails system tests, you use the `test/system` directory in your application. Rails provides a generator to create a system test skeleton for you. ```bash -$ bin/rails generate system_test users_create +$ bin/rails generate system_test users invoke test_unit - create test/system/users_creates_test.rb + create test/system/users_test.rb ``` Here's what a freshly-generated system test looks like: @@ -620,11 +619,11 @@ Here's what a freshly-generated system test looks like: ```ruby require "application_system_test_case" -class UsersCreatesTest < ApplicationSystemTestCase +class UsersTest < ApplicationSystemTestCase # test "visiting the index" do - # visit users_creates_url + # visit users_url # - # assert_selector "h1", text: "UsersCreate" + # assert_selector "h1", text: "Users" # end end ``` @@ -658,8 +657,9 @@ end The driver name is a required argument for `driven_by`. The optional arguments that can be passed to `driven_by` are `:using` for the browser (this will only -be used for non-headless drivers like Selenium), and `:screen_size` to change -the size of the screen for screenshots. +be used by Selenium), `:screen_size` to change the size of the screen for +screenshots, and `:options` which can be used to set options supported by the +driver. ```ruby require "test_helper" @@ -669,8 +669,9 @@ class ApplicationSystemTestCase < ActionDispatch::SystemTestCase end ``` -If your Capybara configuration requires more setup than provided by Rails, all -of that configuration can be put into the `application_system_test_case.rb` file. +If your Capybara configuration requires more setup than provided by Rails, this +additional configuration could be added into the `application_system_test_case.rb` +file. Please see [Capybara's documentation](https://github.com/teamcapybara/capybara#setup) for additional settings. @@ -693,9 +694,9 @@ take a screenshot of the browser. Now we're going to add a system test to our blog application. We'll demonstrate writing a system test by visiting the index page and creating a new blog article. -If you used the scaffold generator, a system test skeleton is automatically -created for you. If you did not use the generator start by creating a system -test skeleton. +If you used the scaffold generator, a system test skeleton was automatically +created for you. If you didn't use the scaffold generator, start by creating a +system test skeleton. ```bash $ bin/rails generate system_test articles @@ -1406,7 +1407,7 @@ In order to test that your mailer is working as expected, you can use unit tests For the purposes of unit testing a mailer, fixtures are used to provide an example of how the output _should_ look. Because these are example emails, and not Active Record data like the other fixtures, they are kept in their own subdirectory apart from the other fixtures. The name of the directory within `test/fixtures` directly corresponds to the name of the mailer. So, for a mailer named `UserMailer`, the fixtures should reside in `test/fixtures/user_mailer` directory. -When you generated your mailer, the generator creates stub fixtures for each of the mailers actions. If you didn't use the generator, you'll have to create those files yourself. +If you generated your mailer, the generator does not create stub fixtures for the mailers actions. You'll have to create those files yourself as described above. #### The Basic Test Case @@ -1482,7 +1483,7 @@ class UserControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest assert_equal "You have been invited by me@example.com", invite_email.subject assert_equal 'friend@example.com', invite_email.to[0] - assert_match(/Hi friend@example.com/, invite_email.body.to_s) + assert_match(/Hi friend@example\.com/, invite_email.body.to_s) end end ``` diff --git a/guides/source/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.md b/guides/source/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.md index ff747a95a0..88a7d0a464 100644 --- a/guides/source/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.md +++ b/guides/source/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.md @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Also, if you have pretty old YAML documents containing dumps of such objects, you may need to load and dump them again to make sure that they reference the right constant, and that loading them won't break in the future. -### `config.secrets` now loaded with all keys as symbols +### `application.secrets` now loaded with all keys as symbols If your application stores nested configuration in `config/secrets.yml`, all keys are now loaded as symbols, so access using strings should be changed. @@ -91,13 +91,13 @@ are now loaded as symbols, so access using strings should be changed. From: ```ruby -Rails.appplication.config.secrets[:smtp_settings]["address"] +Rails.application.secrets[:smtp_settings]["address"] ``` To: ```ruby -Rails.application.config.secrets[:smtp_settings][:address] +Rails.application.secrets[:smtp_settings][:address] ``` Upgrading from Rails 4.2 to Rails 5.0 @@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ Run `bin/rails` to see the list of commands available. ### `ActionController::Parameters` No Longer Inherits from `HashWithIndifferentAccess` Calling `params` in your application will now return an object instead of a hash. If your -parameters are already permitted, then you will not need to make any changes. If you are using `slice` +parameters are already permitted, then you will not need to make any changes. If you are using `map` and other methods that depend on being able to read the hash regardless of `permitted?` you will need to upgrade your application to first permit and then convert to a hash. diff --git a/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md b/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md index 047aeae37d..ed27752a06 100644 --- a/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md +++ b/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md @@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ Since it's just a `<form>`, all of the information on `form_with` also applies. ### Customize remote elements It is possible to customize the behavior of elements with a `data-remote` -attribute without writing a line of JavaScript. Your can specify extra `data-` +attribute without writing a line of JavaScript. You can specify extra `data-` attributes to accomplish this. #### `data-method` @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ that have a `data-remote` attribute: NOTE: All handlers bound to these events are always passed the event object as the first argument. The table below describes the extra parameters passed after the -event argument. For exemple, if the extra parameters are listed as `xhr, settings`, +event argument. For example, if the extra parameters are listed as `xhr, settings`, then to access them, you would define your handler with `function(event, xhr, settings)`. | Event name | Extra parameters | Fired | @@ -376,6 +376,35 @@ browser to submit the form via normal means (i.e. non-AJAX submission) will be canceled and the form will not be submitted at all. This is useful for implementing your own AJAX file upload workaround. +### Rails-ujs event handlers + +Rails 5.1 introduced rails-ujs and dropped jQuery as a dependency. +As a result the Unobtrusive JavaScript (UJS) driver has been rewritten to operate without jQuery. +These introductions cause small changes to `custom events` fired during the request: + +NOTE: Signature of calls to UJS’s event handlers has changed. +Unlike the version with jQuery, all custom events return only one parameter: `event`. +In this parameter, there is an additional attribute `detail` which contains an array of extra parameters. + +| Event name | Extra parameters (event.detail) | Fired | +|---------------------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| +| `ajax:before` | | Before the whole ajax business. | +| `ajax:beforeSend` | [xhr, options] | Before the request is sent. | +| `ajax:send` | [xhr] | When the request is sent. | +| `ajax:stopped` | | When the request is stopped. | +| `ajax:success` | [response, status, xhr] | After completion, if the response was a success. | +| `ajax:error` | [response, status, xhr] | After completion, if the response was an error. | +| `ajax:complete` | [xhr, status] | After the request has been completed, no matter the outcome.| + +Example usage: + +```html +document.body.addEventListener('ajax:success', function(event) { + var detail = event.detail; + var data = detail[0], status = detail[1], xhr = detail[2]; +}) +``` + Server-Side Concerns -------------------- |
