diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'guides')
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png | bin | 22147 -> 35041 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/habtm.png | bin | 47284 -> 61435 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/has_many.png | bin | 24300 -> 36233 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png | bin | 78099 -> 98834 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/has_one.png | bin | 27547 -> 38222 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png | bin | 70130 -> 92535 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png | bin | 65417 -> 84739 bytes | |||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/action_cable_overview.md | 18 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/api_app.md | 6 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/configuring.md | 2 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/documents.yaml | 5 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/layout.html.erb | 6 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md | 2 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/security.md | 6 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/testing.md | 10 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/threading_and_code_execution.md | 324 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md | 60 |
17 files changed, 385 insertions, 54 deletions
diff --git a/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png b/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png Binary files differindex 1a9926e578..2b8c1d52ea 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/habtm.png b/guides/assets/images/habtm.png Binary files differindex 41013b743d..7e508cc1a6 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/habtm.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/habtm.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_many.png b/guides/assets/images/has_many.png Binary files differindex 0d67bea38b..36ccf9f0f6 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_many.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_many.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png b/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png Binary files differindex b4da60e1fb..9e9caabd73 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_many_through.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_one.png b/guides/assets/images/has_one.png Binary files differindex c70763856a..c29c6b9c59 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_one.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_one.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png b/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png Binary files differindex 888a02b775..fdf13286c4 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/has_one_through.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png b/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png Binary files differindex e0a7f6d64a..d630db9e01 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/polymorphic.png diff --git a/guides/source/action_cable_overview.md b/guides/source/action_cable_overview.md index 57403a4bf9..1a86b1fcbb 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_cable_overview.md +++ b/guides/source/action_cable_overview.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ Action Cable Overview ===================== -In this guide you will learn how Action Cable works and how to use WebSockets to +In this guide, you will learn how Action Cable works and how to use WebSockets to incorporate real-time features into your Rails application. After reading this guide, you will know: -* What Action Cable is and its integration on backend and frontend +* What Action Cable is and its integration backend and frontend * How to setup Action Cable * How to setup channels * Deployment and Architecture setup for running Action Cable @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ subscriptions based on an identifier sent by the cable consumer. # app/channels/chat_channel.rb class ChatChannel < ApplicationCable::Channel # Called when the consumer has successfully - # become a subscriber of this channel. + # become a subscriber to this channel. def subscribed end end @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ A *broadcasting* is a pub/sub link where anything transmitted by a publisher is routed directly to the channel subscribers who are streaming that named broadcasting. Each channel can be streaming zero or more broadcastings. -Broadcastings are purely an online queue and time dependent. If a consumer is +Broadcastings are purely an online queue and time-dependent. If a consumer is not streaming (subscribed to a given channel), they'll not get the broadcast should they connect later. @@ -515,8 +515,8 @@ user. For a user with an ID of 1, the broadcasting name would be The channel has been instructed to stream everything that arrives at `web_notifications:1` directly to the client by invoking the `received` callback. The data passed as argument is the hash sent as the second parameter -to the server-side broadcast call, JSON encoded for the trip across the wire, -and unpacked for the data argument arriving to `received`. +to the server-side broadcast call, JSON encoded for the trip across the wire +and unpacked for the data argument arriving as `received`. ### More Complete Examples @@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ This may change in the future. [#27214](https://github.com/rails/rails/issues/27 Action Cable will only accept requests from specified origins, which are passed to the server config as an array. The origins can be instances of -strings or regular expressions, against which a check for match will be performed. +strings or regular expressions, against which a check for the match will be performed. ```ruby config.action_cable.allowed_request_origins = ['http://rubyonrails.com', %r{http://ruby.*}] @@ -592,7 +592,7 @@ environment configuration files. ### Other Configurations -The other common option to configure, is the log tags applied to the +The other common option to configure is the log tags applied to the per-connection logger. Here's an example that uses the user account id if available, else "no-account" while tagging: @@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ config.action_cable.log_tags = [ For a full list of all configuration options, see the `ActionCable::Server::Configuration` class. -Also note that your server must provide at least the same number of database +Also, note that your server must provide at least the same number of database connections as you have workers. The default worker pool size is set to 4, so that means you have to make at least that available. You can change that in `config/database.yml` through the `pool` attribute. diff --git a/guides/source/api_app.md b/guides/source/api_app.md index 43a7de88b0..b360f270d7 100644 --- a/guides/source/api_app.md +++ b/guides/source/api_app.md @@ -414,8 +414,10 @@ Some common modules you might want to add: - `AbstractController::Translation`: Support for the `l` and `t` localization and translation methods. -- `ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Basic` (or `Digest` or `Token`): Support - for basic, digest or token HTTP authentication. +- Support for basic, digest or token HTTP authentication: + * `ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Basic::ControllerMethods`, + * `ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Digest::ControllerMethods`, + * `ActionController::HttpAuthentication::Token::ControllerMethods` - `ActionView::Layouts`: Support for layouts when rendering. - `ActionController::MimeResponds`: Support for `respond_to`. - `ActionController::Cookies`: Support for `cookies`, which includes diff --git a/guides/source/configuring.md b/guides/source/configuring.md index 6e129a5680..4bfcc1e21a 100644 --- a/guides/source/configuring.md +++ b/guides/source/configuring.md @@ -578,6 +578,8 @@ Defaults to `'signed cookie'`. * `config.action_view.form_with_generates_remote_forms` determines whether `form_with` generates remote forms or not. This defaults to `true`. +* `config.action_view.form_with_generates_ids` determines whether `form_with` generates ids on inputs. This defaults to `true`. + ### Configuring Action Mailer There are a number of settings available on `config.action_mailer`: diff --git a/guides/source/documents.yaml b/guides/source/documents.yaml index 59205ee465..126d2e4845 100644 --- a/guides/source/documents.yaml +++ b/guides/source/documents.yaml @@ -159,6 +159,11 @@ url: engines.html description: This guide explains how to write a mountable engine. work_in_progress: true + - + name: Threading and Code Execution in Rails + url: threading_and_code_execution.html + description: This guide describes the considerations needed and tools available when working directly with concurrency in a Rails application. + work_in_progress: true - name: Contributing to Ruby on Rails documents: diff --git a/guides/source/layout.html.erb b/guides/source/layout.html.erb index 334595e4d2..3981199e95 100644 --- a/guides/source/layout.html.erb +++ b/guides/source/layout.html.erb @@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ To get started, you can read our <%= link_to 'documentation contributions', 'http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.html#contributing-to-the-rails-documentation' %> section. </p> <p> - You may also find incomplete content, or stuff that is not up to date. + You may also find incomplete content or stuff that is not up to date. Please do add any missing documentation for master. Make sure to check - <%= link_to 'Edge Guides','http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org' %> first to verify + <%= link_to 'Edge Guides', 'http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org' %> first to verify if the issues are already fixed or not on the master branch. Check the <%= link_to 'Ruby on Rails Guides Guidelines', 'ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.html' %> for style and conventions. @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ <%= link_to 'open an issue', 'https://github.com/rails/rails/issues' %>. </p> <p>And last but not least, any kind of discussion regarding Ruby on Rails - documentation is very welcome in the <%= link_to 'rubyonrails-docs mailing list', 'https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/rubyonrails-docs' %>. + documentation is very welcome on the <%= link_to 'rubyonrails-docs mailing list', 'https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/rubyonrails-docs' %>. </p> </div> </div> diff --git a/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md b/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md index f4597b0e60..4d79b2db89 100644 --- a/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md +++ b/guides/source/layouts_and_rendering.md @@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ the response. Using `:plain` or `:html` might be more appropriate most of the time. NOTE: Unless overridden, your response returned from this render option will be -`text/html`, as that is the default content type of Action Dispatch response. +`text/plain`, as that is the default content type of Action Dispatch response. #### Options for `render` diff --git a/guides/source/security.md b/guides/source/security.md index cfa777d433..eeb005b661 100644 --- a/guides/source/security.md +++ b/guides/source/security.md @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ User.find(session[:user_id]) NOTE: _The session ID is a 32-character random hex string._ -The session ID is generated using `SecureRandom.hex` which generates a random hex string using platform specific methods (such as OpenSSL, /dev/urandom or Win32) for generating cryptographically secure random numbers. Currently it is not feasible to brute-force Rails' session IDs. +The session ID is generated using `SecureRandom.hex` which generates a random hex string using platform specific methods (such as OpenSSL, /dev/urandom or Win32 CryptoAPI) for generating cryptographically secure random numbers. Currently it is not feasible to brute-force Rails' session IDs. ### Session Hijacking @@ -192,9 +192,9 @@ rotations going at any one time. For more details on key rotation with encrypted and signed messages as well as the various options the `rotate` method accepts, please refer to the -[MessageEncryptor API](api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/MessageEncryptor.html) +[MessageEncryptor API](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/MessageEncryptor.html) and -[MessageVerifier API](api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/MessageVerifier.html) +[MessageVerifier API](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/MessageVerifier.html) documentation. ### Replay Attacks for CookieStore Sessions diff --git a/guides/source/testing.md b/guides/source/testing.md index c5b2a694e7..8416fd163d 100644 --- a/guides/source/testing.md +++ b/guides/source/testing.md @@ -671,6 +671,16 @@ class ApplicationSystemTestCase < ActionDispatch::SystemTestCase end ``` +If you want to use a headless browser, you could use Headless Chrome by adding `headless_chrome` in the `:using` argument. + +```ruby +require "test_helper" + +class ApplicationSystemTestCase < ActionDispatch::SystemTestCase + driven_by :selenium, using: :headless_chrome +end +``` + If your Capybara configuration requires more setup than provided by Rails, this additional configuration could be added into the `application_system_test_case.rb` file. diff --git a/guides/source/threading_and_code_execution.md b/guides/source/threading_and_code_execution.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..3d3d31b97e --- /dev/null +++ b/guides/source/threading_and_code_execution.md @@ -0,0 +1,324 @@ +**DO NOT READ THIS FILE ON GITHUB, GUIDES ARE PUBLISHED ON http://guides.rubyonrails.org.** + +Threading and Code Execution in Rails +===================================== + +After reading this guide, you will know: + +* What code Rails will automatically execute concurrently +* How to integrate manual concurrency with Rails internals +* How to wrap all application code +* How to affect application reloading + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Automatic Concurrency +--------------------- + +Rails automatically allows various operations to be performed at the same time. + +When using a threaded web server, such as the default Puma, multiple HTTP +requests will be served simultaneously, with each request provided its own +controller instance. + +Threaded Active Job adapters, including the built-in Async, will likewise +execute several jobs at the same time. Action Cable channels are managed this +way too. + +These mechanisms all involve multiple threads, each managing work for a unique +instance of some object (controller, job, channel), while sharing the global +process space (such as classes and their configurations, and global variables). +As long as your code doesn't modify any of those shared things, it can mostly +ignore that other threads exist. + +The rest of this guide describes the mechanisms Rails uses to make it "mostly +ignorable", and how extensions and applications with special needs can use them. + +Executor +-------- + +The Rails Executor separates application code from framework code: any time the +framework invokes code you've written in your application, it will be wrapped by +the Executor. + +The Executor consists of two callbacks: `to_run` and `to_complete`. The Run +callback is called before the application code, and the Complete callback is +called after. + +### Default callbacks + +In a default Rails application, the Executor callbacks are used to: + +* track which threads are in safe positions for autoloading and reloading +* enable and disable the Active Record query cache +* return acquired Active Record connections to the pool +* constrain internal cache lifetimes + +Prior to Rails 5.0, some of these were handled by separate Rack middleware +classes (such as `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionManagement`), or +directly wrapping code with methods like +`ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.with_connection`. The Executor replaces +these with a single more abstract interface. + +### Wrapping application code + +If you're writing a library or component that will invoke application code, you +should wrap it with a call to the executor: + +```ruby +Rails.application.executor.wrap do + # call application code here +end +``` + +TIP: If you repeatedly invoke application code from a long-running process, you +may want to wrap using the Reloader instead. + +Each thread should be wrapped before it runs application code, so if your +application manually delegates work to other threads, such as via `Thread.new` +or Concurrent Ruby features that use thread pools, you should immediately wrap +the block: + +```ruby +Thread.new do + Rails.application.executor.wrap do + # your code here + end +end +``` + +NOTE: Concurrent Ruby uses a `ThreadPoolExecutor`, which it sometimes configures +with an `executor` option. Despite the name, it is unrelated. + +The Executor is safely re-entrant; if it is already active on the current +thread, `wrap` is a no-op. + +If it's impractical to wrap the application code in a block (for +example, the Rack API makes this problematic), you can also use the `run!` / +`complete!` pair: + +```ruby +Thread.new do + execution_context = Rails.application.executor.run! + # your code here +ensure + execution_context.complete! if execution_context +end +``` + +### Concurrency + +The Executor will put the current thread into `running` mode in the Load +Interlock. This operation will block temporarily if another thread is currently +either autoloading a constant or unloading/reloading the application. + +Reloader +-------- + +Like the Executor, the Reloader also wraps application code. If the Executor is +not already active on the current thread, the Reloader will invoke it for you, +so you only need to call one. This also guarantees that everything the Reloader +does, including all its callback invocations, occurs wrapped inside the +Executor. + +```ruby +Rails.application.reloader.wrap do + # call application code here +end +``` + +The Reloader is only suitable where a long-running framework-level process +repeatedly calls into application code, such as for a web server or job queue. +Rails automatically wraps web requests and Active Job workers, so you'll rarely +need to invoke the Reloader for yourself. Always consider whether the Executor +is a better fit for your use case. + +### Callbacks + +Before entering the wrapped block, the Reloader will check whether the running +application needs to be reloaded -- for example, because a model's source file has +been modified. If it determines a reload is required, it will wait until it's +safe, and then do so, before continuing. When the application is configured to +always reload regardless of whether any changes are detected, the reload is +instead performed at the end of the block. + +The Reloader also provides `to_run` and `to_complete` callbacks; they are +invoked at the same points as those of the Executor, but only when the current +execution has initiated an application reload. When no reload is deemed +necessary, the Reloader will invoke the wrapped block with no other callbacks. + +### Class Unload + +The most significant part of the reloading process is the Class Unload, where +all autoloaded classes are removed, ready to be loaded again. This will occur +immediately before either the Run or Complete callback, depending on the +`reload_classes_only_on_change` setting. + +Often, additional reloading actions need to be performed either just before or +just after the Class Unload, so the Reloader also provides `before_class_unload` +and `after_class_unload` callbacks. + +### Concurrency + +Only long-running "top level" processes should invoke the Reloader, because if +it determines a reload is needed, it will block until all other threads have +completed any Executor invocations. + +If this were to occur in a "child" thread, with a waiting parent inside the +Executor, it would cause an unavoidable deadlock: the reload must occur before +the child thread is executed, but it cannot be safely performed while the parent +thread is mid-execution. Child threads should use the Executor instead. + +Framework Behavior +------------------ + +The Rails framework components use these tools to manage their own concurrency +needs too. + +`ActionDispatch::Executor` and `ActionDispatch::Reloader` are Rack middlewares +that wraps the request with a supplied Executor or Reloader, respectively. They +are automatically included in the default application stack. The Reloader will +ensure any arriving HTTP request is served with a freshly-loaded copy of the +application if any code changes have occurred. + +Active Job also wraps its job executions with the Reloader, loading the latest +code to execute each job as it comes off the queue. + +Action Cable uses the Executor instead: because a Cable connection is linked to +a specific instance of a class, it's not possible to reload for every arriving +websocket message. Only the message handler is wrapped, though; a long-running +Cable connection does not prevent a reload that's triggered by a new incoming +request or job. Instead, Action Cable uses the Reloader's `before_class_unload` +callback to disconnect all its connections. When the client automatically +reconnects, it will be speaking to the new version of the code. + +The above are the entry points to the framework, so they are responsible for +ensuring their respective threads are protected, and deciding whether a reload +is necessary. Other components only need to use the Executor when they spawn +additional threads. + +### Configuration + +The Reloader only checks for file changes when `cache_classes` is false and +`reload_classes_only_on_change` is true (which is the default in the +`development` environment). + +When `cache_classes` is true (in `production`, by default), the Reloader is only +a pass-through to the Executor. + +The Executor always has important work to do, like database connection +management. When `cache_classes` and `eager_load` are both true (`production`), +no autoloading or class reloading will occur, so it does not need the Load +Interlock. If either of those are false (`development`), then the Executor will +use the Load Interlock to ensure constants are only loaded when it is safe. + +Load Interlock +-------------- + +The Load Interlock allows autoloading and reloading to be enabled in a +multi-threaded runtime environment. + +When one thread is performing an autoload by evaluating the class definition +from the appropriate file, it is important no other thread encounters a +reference to the partially-defined constant. + +Similarly, it is only safe to perform an unload/reload when no application code +is in mid-execution: after the reload, the `User` constant, for example, may +point to a different class. Without this rule, a poorly-timed reload would mean +`User.new.class == User`, or even `User == User`, could be false. + +Both of these constraints are addressed by the Load Interlock. It keeps track of +which threads are currently running application code, loading a class, or +unloading autoloaded constants. + +Only one thread may load or unload at a time, and to do either, it must wait +until no other threads are running application code. If a thread is waiting to +perform a load, it doesn't prevent other threads from loading (in fact, they'll +cooperate, and each perform their queued load in turn, before all resuming +running together). + +### `permit_concurrent_loads` + +The Executor automatically acquires a `running` lock for the duration of its +block, and autoload knows when to upgrade to a `load` lock, and switch back to +`running` again afterwards. + +Other blocking operations performed inside the Executor block (which includes +all application code), however, can needlessly retain the `running` lock. If +another thread encounters a constant it must autoload, this can cause a +deadlock. + +For example, assuming `User` is not yet loaded, the following will deadlock: + +```ruby +Rails.application.executor.wrap do + th = Thread.new do + Rails.application.executor.wrap do + User # inner thread waits here; it cannot load + # User while another thread is running + end + end + + th.join # outer thread waits here, holding 'running' lock +end +``` + +To prevent this deadlock, the outer thread can `permit_concurrent_loads`. By +calling this method, the thread guarantees it will not dereference any +possibly-autoloaded constant inside the supplied block. The safest way to meet +that promise is to put it as close as possible to the blocking call: + +```ruby +Rails.application.executor.wrap do + th = Thread.new do + Rails.application.executor.wrap do + User # inner thread can acquire the load lock, + # load User, and continue + end + end + + ActiveSupport::Dependencies.interlock.permit_concurrent_loads do + th.join # outer thread waits here, but has no lock + end +end +``` + +Another example, using Concurrent Ruby: + +```ruby +Rails.application.executor.wrap do + futures = 3.times.collect do |i| + Concurrent::Future.execute do + Rails.application.executor.wrap do + # do work here + end + end + end + + values = ActiveSupport::Dependencies.interlock.permit_concurrent_loads do + futures.collect(&:value) + end +end +``` + + +### ActionDispatch::DebugLocks + +If your application is deadlocking and you think the Load Interlock may be +involved, you can temporarily add the ActionDispatch::DebugLocks middleware to +`config/application.rb`: + +```ruby +config.middleware.insert_before Rack::Sendfile, + ActionDispatch::DebugLocks +``` + +If you then restart the application and re-trigger the deadlock condition, +`/rails/locks` will show a summary of all threads currently known to the +interlock, which lock level they are holding or awaiting, and their current +backtrace. + +Generally a deadlock will be caused by the interlock conflicting with some other +external lock or blocking I/O call. Once you find it, you can wrap it with +`permit_concurrent_loads`. + diff --git a/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md b/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md index b2716c7faa..86746a5ae0 100644 --- a/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md +++ b/guides/source/working_with_javascript_in_rails.md @@ -188,15 +188,20 @@ bind to the `ajax:success` event. On failure, use `ajax:error`. Check it out: ```coffeescript $(document).ready -> - $("#new_article").on("ajax:success", (e, data, status, xhr) -> + $("#new_article").on("ajax:success", (event) -> + [data, status, xhr] = event.detail $("#new_article").append xhr.responseText - ).on "ajax:error", (e, xhr, status, error) -> + ).on "ajax:error", (event) -> $("#new_article").append "<p>ERROR</p>" ``` Obviously, you'll want to be a bit more sophisticated than that, but it's a start. +NOTE: As of Rails 5.1 and the new `rails-ujs`, the parameters `data, status, xhr` +have been bundled into `event.detail`. For information about the previously used +`jquery-ujs` in Rails 5 and earlier, read the [`jquery-ujs` wiki](https://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs/wiki/ajax). + #### link_to [`link_to`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionView/Helpers/UrlHelper.html#method-i-link_to) @@ -225,7 +230,7 @@ and write some CoffeeScript like this: ```coffeescript $ -> - $("a[data-remote]").on "ajax:success", (e, data, status, xhr) -> + $("a[data-remote]").on "ajax:success", (event) -> alert "The article was deleted." ``` @@ -343,39 +348,6 @@ This generates a form with: <input data-disable-with="Saving..." type="submit"> ``` -Dealing with Ajax events ------------------------- - -Here are the different events that are fired when you deal with elements -that have a `data-remote` attribute: - -NOTE: All handlers bound to these events are always passed the event object as the -first argument. The table below describes the extra parameters passed after the -event argument. For example, if the extra parameters are listed as `xhr, settings`, -then to access them, you would define your handler with `function(event, xhr, settings)`. - -| Event name | Extra parameters | Fired | -|---------------------|------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------| -| `ajax:before` | | Before the whole ajax business, aborts if stopped. | -| `ajax:beforeSend` | xhr, options | Before the request is sent, aborts if stopped. | -| `ajax:send` | xhr | When the request is sent. | -| `ajax:success` | xhr, status, err | After completion, if the response was a success. | -| `ajax:error` | xhr, status, err | After completion, if the response was an error. | -| `ajax:complete` | xhr, status | After the request has been completed, no matter the outcome.| -| `ajax:aborted:file` | elements | If there are non-blank file inputs, aborts if stopped. | - -### Stoppable events - -If you stop `ajax:before` or `ajax:beforeSend` by returning false from the -handler method, the Ajax request will never take place. The `ajax:before` event -is also useful for manipulating form data before serialization. The -`ajax:beforeSend` event is also useful for adding custom request headers. - -If you stop the `ajax:aborted:file` event, the default behavior of allowing the -browser to submit the form via normal means (i.e. non-Ajax submission) will be -canceled and the form will not be submitted at all. This is useful for -implementing your own Ajax file upload workaround. - ### Rails-ujs event handlers Rails 5.1 introduced rails-ujs and dropped jQuery as a dependency. @@ -405,6 +377,22 @@ document.body.addEventListener('ajax:success', function(event) { }) ``` +NOTE: As of Rails 5.1 and the new `rails-ujs`, the parameters `data, status, xhr` +have been bundled into `event.detail`. For information about the previously used +`jquery-ujs` in Rails 5 and earlier, read the [`jquery-ujs` wiki](https://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs/wiki/ajax). + +### Stoppable events + +If you stop `ajax:before` or `ajax:beforeSend` by returning false from the +handler method, the Ajax request will never take place. The `ajax:before` event +can manipulate form data before serialization and the +`ajax:beforeSend` event is useful for adding custom request headers. + +If you stop the `ajax:aborted:file` event, the default behavior of allowing the +browser to submit the form via normal means (i.e. non-Ajax submission) will be +canceled and the form will not be submitted at all. This is useful for +implementing your own Ajax file upload workaround. + Server-Side Concerns -------------------- |