diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'guides/source')
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/action_controller_overview.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/action_view_overview.md | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_job_basics.md | 7 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_record_migrations.md | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_record_validations.md | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/association_basics.md | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/configuring.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/generators.md | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/getting_started.md | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/i18n.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/rails_on_rack.md | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/security.md | 23 |
15 files changed, 96 insertions, 64 deletions
diff --git a/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md b/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md index d506722f75..09fbdc0d32 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md +++ b/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md @@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ You can choose not to yield and build the response yourself, in which case the a While the most common way to use filters is by creating private methods and using *_action to add them, there are two other ways to do the same thing. -The first is to use a block directly with the *\_action methods. The block receives the controller as an argument, and the `require_login` filter from above could be rewritten to use a block: +The first is to use a block directly with the *\_action methods. The block receives the controller as an argument. The `require_login` filter from above could be rewritten to use a block: ```ruby class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base diff --git a/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md b/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md index 6f159b2fc4..c31b50fcfc 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md +++ b/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md @@ -533,6 +533,24 @@ url helper. NOTE: non-`GET` links require [jQuery UJS](https://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs) and won't work in mailer templates. They will result in normal `GET` requests. +### Adding images in Action Mailer Views + +Unlike controllers, the mailer instance doesn't have any context about the +incoming request so you'll need to provide the `:asset_host` parameter yourself. + +As the `:asset_host` usually is consistent across the application you can +configure it globally in config/application.rb: + +```ruby +config.action_mailer.asset_host = 'http://example.com' +``` + +Now you can display an image inside your email. + +```ruby +<%= image_tag 'image.jpg' %> +``` + ### Sending Multipart Emails Action Mailer will automatically send multipart emails if you have different diff --git a/guides/source/action_view_overview.md b/guides/source/action_view_overview.md index 3c1c3c7873..98c6cbd540 100644 --- a/guides/source/action_view_overview.md +++ b/guides/source/action_view_overview.md @@ -1059,14 +1059,6 @@ If `@article.author_ids` is [1], this would return: <input name="article[author_ids][]" type="hidden" value="" /> ``` -#### country_options_for_select - -Returns a string of option tags for pretty much any country in the world. - -#### country_select - -Returns select and option tags for the given object and method, using country_options_for_select to generate the list of option tags. - #### option_groups_from_collection_for_select Returns a string of `option` tags, like `options_from_collection_for_select`, but groups them by `optgroup` tags based on the object relationships of the arguments. @@ -1153,8 +1145,8 @@ If `@article.person_id` is 1, this would become: <select name="article[person_id]"> <option value=""></option> <option value="1" selected="selected">David</option> - <option value="2">Sam</option> - <option value="3">Tobias</option> + <option value="2">Eileen</option> + <option value="3">Rafael</option> </select> ``` diff --git a/guides/source/active_job_basics.md b/guides/source/active_job_basics.md index 22f3c0146a..dd545b56f5 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_job_basics.md +++ b/guides/source/active_job_basics.md @@ -330,6 +330,13 @@ class GuestsCleanupJob < ActiveJob::Base end ``` +### Deserialization + +GlobalID allows serializing full Active Record objects passed to `#perform`. + +If a passed record is deleted after the job is enqueued but before the `#perform` +method is called Active Job will raise an `ActiveJob::DeserializationError` +exception. Job Testing -------------- diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_migrations.md b/guides/source/active_record_migrations.md index ad069a112e..ce605c912e 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_migrations.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_migrations.md @@ -423,21 +423,23 @@ change_column :products, :part_number, :text ``` This changes the column `part_number` on products table to be a `:text` field. +Note that `change_column` command is irreversible. Besides `change_column`, the `change_column_null` and `change_column_default` -methods are used specifically to change a not null constraint and default values of a -column. +methods are used specifically to change a not null constraint and default +values of a column. ```ruby change_column_null :products, :name, false -change_column_default :products, :approved, false +change_column_default :products, :approved, from: true, to: false ``` This sets `:name` field on products to a `NOT NULL` column and the default -value of the `:approved` field to false. +value of the `:approved` field from true to false. -TIP: Unlike `change_column` (and `change_column_default`), `change_column_null` -is reversible. +Note: You could also write the above `change_column_default` migration as +`change_column_default :products, :approved, false`, but unlike the previous +example, this would make your migration irreversible. ### Column Modifiers @@ -475,7 +477,7 @@ column names can not be derived from the table names, you can use the `:column` and `:primary_key` options. Rails will generate a name for every foreign key starting with -`fk_rails_` followed by 10 character which is deterministically +`fk_rails_` followed by 10 characters which are deterministically generated from the `from_table` and `column`. There is a `:name` option to specify a different name if needed. diff --git a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md index 7932853c11..71ca7a0f66 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_record_validations.md +++ b/guides/source/active_record_validations.md @@ -965,8 +965,9 @@ own custom validators. You can also create methods that verify the state of your models and add messages to the `errors` collection when they are invalid. You must then -register these methods by using the `validate` class method, passing in the -symbols for the validation methods' names. +register these methods by using the `validate` +([API](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveModel/Validations/ClassMethods.html#method-i-validate)) +class method, passing in the symbols for the validation methods' names. You can pass more than one symbol for each class method and the respective validations will be run in the same order as they were registered. diff --git a/guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md b/guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md index 373dbbb9aa..e49abc41f4 100644 --- a/guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md +++ b/guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md @@ -321,17 +321,6 @@ Action Mailer } ``` -Active Resource --------------- - -### request.active_resource - -| Key | Value | -| -------------- | -------------------- | -| `:method` | HTTP method | -| `:request_uri` | Complete URI | -| `:result` | HTTP response object | - Active Support -------------- diff --git a/guides/source/association_basics.md b/guides/source/association_basics.md index 05dd0d2a04..c0fa3cfd04 100644 --- a/guides/source/association_basics.md +++ b/guides/source/association_basics.md @@ -1519,20 +1519,30 @@ conditions exists in the collection. It uses the same syntax and options as ##### `collection.build(attributes = {}, ...)` -The `collection.build` method returns one or more new objects of the associated type. These objects will be instantiated from the passed attributes, and the link through their foreign key will be created, but the associated objects will _not_ yet be saved. +The `collection.build` method returns a single or array of new objects of the associated type. The object(s) will be instantiated from the passed attributes, and the link through their foreign key will be created, but the associated objects will _not_ yet be saved. ```ruby @order = @customer.orders.build(order_date: Time.now, order_number: "A12345") + +@orders = @customer.orders.build([ + { order_date: Time.now, order_number: "A12346" }, + { order_date: Time.now, order_number: "A12347" } +]) ``` ##### `collection.create(attributes = {})` -The `collection.create` method returns a new object of the associated type. This object will be instantiated from the passed attributes, the link through its foreign key will be created, and, once it passes all of the validations specified on the associated model, the associated object _will_ be saved. +The `collection.create` method returns a single or array of new objects of the associated type. The object(s) will be instantiated from the passed attributes, the link through its foreign key will be created, and, once it passes all of the validations specified on the associated model, the associated object _will_ be saved. ```ruby @order = @customer.orders.create(order_date: Time.now, order_number: "A12345") + +@orders = @customer.orders.create([ + { order_date: Time.now, order_number: "A12346" }, + { order_date: Time.now, order_number: "A12347" } +]) ``` ##### `collection.create!(attributes = {})` @@ -2344,13 +2354,13 @@ associations, public methods, etc. Creating a car will save it in the `vehicles` table with "Car" as the `type` field: ```ruby -Car.create color: 'Red', price: 10000 +Car.create(color: 'Red', price: 10000) ``` will generate the following SQL: ```sql -INSERT INTO "vehicles" ("type", "color", "price") VALUES ("Car", "Red", 10000) +INSERT INTO "vehicles" ("type", "color", "price") VALUES ('Car', 'Red', 10000) ``` Querying car records will just search for vehicles that are cars: diff --git a/guides/source/configuring.md b/guides/source/configuring.md index bb6c395c96..79a80de3cc 100644 --- a/guides/source/configuring.md +++ b/guides/source/configuring.md @@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ The full set of methods that can be used in this block are as follows: * `assets` allows to create assets on generating a scaffold. Defaults to `true`. * `force_plural` allows pluralized model names. Defaults to `false`. * `helper` defines whether or not to generate helpers. Defaults to `true`. -* `integration_tool` defines which integration tool to use. Defaults to `nil`. +* `integration_tool` defines which integration tool to use to generate integration tests. Defaults to `:test_unit`. * `javascripts` turns on the hook for JavaScript files in generators. Used in Rails for when the `scaffold` generator is run. Defaults to `true`. * `javascript_engine` configures the engine to be used (for eg. coffee) when generating assets. Defaults to `:js`. * `orm` defines which orm to use. Defaults to `false` and will use Active Record by default. diff --git a/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md b/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md index 3279c99c42..2e86eee587 100644 --- a/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md +++ b/guides/source/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ NOTE: Bugs in the most recent released version of Ruby on Rails are likely to ge If you've found a problem in Ruby on Rails which is not a security risk, do a search on GitHub under [Issues](https://github.com/rails/rails/issues) in case it has already been reported. If you are unable to find any open GitHub issues addressing the problem you found, your next step will be to [open a new one](https://github.com/rails/rails/issues/new). (See the next section for reporting security issues.) -Your issue report should contain a title and a clear description of the issue at the bare minimum. You should include as much relevant information as possible and should at least post a code sample that demonstrates the issue. It would be even better if you could include a unit test that shows how the expected behavior is not occurring. Your goal should be to make it easy for yourself - and others - to replicate the bug and figure out a fix. +Your issue report should contain a title and a clear description of the issue at the bare minimum. You should include as much relevant information as possible and should at least post a code sample that demonstrates the issue. It would be even better if you could include a unit test that shows how the expected behavior is not occurring. Your goal should be to make it easy for yourself - and others - to reproduce the bug and figure out a fix. Then, don't get your hopes up! Unless you have a "Code Red, Mission Critical, the World is Coming to an End" kind of bug, you're creating this issue report in the hope that others with the same problem will be able to collaborate with you on solving it. Do not expect that the issue report will automatically see any activity or that others will jump to fix it. Creating an issue like this is mostly to help yourself start on the path of fixing the problem and for others to confirm it with an "I'm having this problem too" comment. @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ can expect it to be marked "invalid" as soon as it's reviewed. Sometimes, the line between 'bug' and 'feature' is a hard one to draw. Generally, a feature is anything that adds new behavior, while a bug is -anything that fixes already existing behavior that is misbehaving. Sometimes, +anything that causes incorrect behavior. Sometimes, the core team will have to make a judgement call. That said, the distinction generally just affects which release your patch will get in to; we love feature submissions! They just won't get backported to maintenance branches. @@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ You can run a single test through ruby. For instance: ```bash $ cd actionmailer -$ ruby -w -Itest test/mail_layout_test.rb -n test_explicit_class_layout +$ bundle exec ruby -w -Itest test/mail_layout_test.rb -n test_explicit_class_layout ``` The `-n` option allows you to run a single method instead of the whole diff --git a/guides/source/generators.md b/guides/source/generators.md index 14f451cbc9..32bbdc554a 100644 --- a/guides/source/generators.md +++ b/guides/source/generators.md @@ -503,6 +503,14 @@ Adds a specified source to `Gemfile`: add_source "http://gems.github.com" ``` +This method also takes a block: + +```ruby +add_source "http://gems.github.com" do + gem "rspec-rails" +end +``` + ### `inject_into_file` Injects a block of code into a defined position in your file. diff --git a/guides/source/getting_started.md b/guides/source/getting_started.md index 193246cbca..400383cfb5 100644 --- a/guides/source/getting_started.md +++ b/guides/source/getting_started.md @@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ application from scratch. It does not assume that you have any prior experience with Rails. However, to get the most out of it, you need to have some prerequisites installed: -* The [Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads) language version 2.2.2 or newer. +* The [Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/downloads) language version 2.2.2 or newer. +* Right version of [Development Kit](http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/), if you are using Windows * The [RubyGems](https://rubygems.org) packaging system, which is installed with Ruby versions 1.9 and later. To learn more about RubyGems, please read the [RubyGems Guides](http://guides.rubygems.org). * A working installation of the [SQLite3 Database](https://www.sqlite.org). @@ -298,6 +299,7 @@ Rails.application.routes.draw do # The priority is based upon order of creation: # first created -> highest priority. + # See how all your routes lay out with "rake routes". # # You can have the root of your site routed with "root" # root 'welcome#index' @@ -1545,8 +1547,6 @@ class CreateComments < ActiveRecord::Migration create_table :comments do |t| t.string :commenter t.text :body - - # this line adds an integer column called `article_id`. t.references :article, index: true, foreign_key: true t.timestamps null: false @@ -1555,9 +1555,9 @@ class CreateComments < ActiveRecord::Migration end ``` -The `t.references` line sets up a foreign key column for the association between -the two models. An index for this association is also created on this column. -Go ahead and run the migration: +The `t.references` line creates an integer column called `article_id`, an index +for it, and a foreign key constraint that points to the `id` column of the `articles` +table. Go ahead and run the migration: ```bash $ bin/rake db:migrate diff --git a/guides/source/i18n.md b/guides/source/i18n.md index 31682464ee..272a0e3623 100644 --- a/guides/source/i18n.md +++ b/guides/source/i18n.md @@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ This approach has almost the same set of advantages as setting the locale from t Getting the locale from `params` and setting it accordingly is not hard; including it in every URL and thus **passing it through the requests** is. To include an explicit option in every URL, e.g. `link_to(books_url(locale: I18n.locale))`, would be tedious and probably impossible, of course. -Rails contains infrastructure for "centralizing dynamic decisions about the URLs" in its [`ApplicationController#default_url_options`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Routing/Mapper/Base.html#method-i-default_url_options), which is useful precisely in this scenario: it enables us to set "defaults" for [`url_for`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Routing/UrlFor.html#method-i-url_for) and helper methods dependent on it (by implementing/overriding this method). +Rails contains infrastructure for "centralizing dynamic decisions about the URLs" in its [`ApplicationController#default_url_options`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Routing/Mapper/Base.html#method-i-default_url_options), which is useful precisely in this scenario: it enables us to set "defaults" for [`url_for`](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionDispatch/Routing/UrlFor.html#method-i-url_for) and helper methods dependent on it (by implementing/overriding `default_url_options`). We can include something like this in our `ApplicationController` then: diff --git a/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md b/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md index 99ab47d1db..1e2fe94010 100644 --- a/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md +++ b/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md @@ -58,22 +58,6 @@ class Server < ::Rack::Server end ``` -Here's how it loads the middlewares: - -```ruby -def middleware - middlewares = [] - middlewares << [::Rack::ContentLength] - Hash.new(middlewares) -end -``` - -The following table explains the usage of the loaded middlewares: - -| Middleware | Purpose | -| ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -| `Rack::ContentLength` | Counts the number of bytes in the response and set the HTTP Content-Length header | - ### `rackup` To use `rackup` instead of Rails' `rails server`, you can put the following inside `config.ru` of your Rails application's root directory: @@ -81,8 +65,6 @@ To use `rackup` instead of Rails' `rails server`, you can put the following insi ```ruby # Rails.root/config.ru require ::File.expand_path('../config/environment', __FILE__) - -use Rack::ContentLength run Rails.application ``` diff --git a/guides/source/security.md b/guides/source/security.md index 93580d4d4e..485b108d12 100644 --- a/guides/source/security.md +++ b/guides/source/security.md @@ -1026,6 +1026,29 @@ Environmental Security It is beyond the scope of this guide to inform you on how to secure your application code and environments. However, please secure your database configuration, e.g. `config/database.yml`, and your server-side secret, e.g. stored in `config/secrets.yml`. You may want to further restrict access, using environment-specific versions of these files and any others that may contain sensitive information. +### Custom secrets + +Rails generates a `config/secrets.yml`. By default, this file contains the +application's `secret_key_base`, but it could also be used to store other +secrets such as access keys for external APIs. + +The secrets added to this file are accessible via `Rails.application.secrets`. +For example, with the following `config/secrets.yml`: + + development: + secret_key_base: 3b7cd727ee24e8444053437c36cc66c3 + some_api_key: SOMEKEY + +`Rails.application.secrets.some_api_key` returns `SOMEKEY` in the development +environment. + +If you want an exception to be raised when some key is blank, use the bang +version: + +```ruby +Rails.application.secrets.some_api_key! # => raises KeyError +``` + Additional Resources -------------------- |