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diff --git a/guides/source/i18n.md b/guides/source/i18n.md index 0761d5b39c..4dc4c5a660 100644 --- a/guides/source/i18n.md +++ b/guides/source/i18n.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +**DO NOT READ THIS FILE ON GITHUB, GUIDES ARE PUBLISHED ON http://guides.rubyonrails.org.** + Rails Internationalization (I18n) API ===================================== @@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ After reading this guide, you will know: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -NOTE: The Ruby I18n framework provides you with all necessary means for internationalization/localization of your Rails application. You may, however, use any of various plugins and extensions available, which add additional functionality or features. See the Ruby [I18n Wiki](http://ruby-i18n.org/wiki) for more information. +NOTE: The Ruby I18n framework provides you with all necessary means for internationalization/localization of your Rails application. You may, also use various gems available to add additional functionality or features. See the [rails-i18n gem](https://github.com/svenfuchs/rails-i18n) for more information. How I18n in Ruby on Rails Works ------------------------------- @@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ This means, that in the `:en` locale, the key _hello_ will map to the _Hello wor The I18n library will use **English** as a **default locale**, i.e. if you don't set a different locale, `:en` will be used for looking up translations. -NOTE: The i18n library takes a **pragmatic approach** to locale keys (after [some discussion](http://groups.google.com/group/rails-i18n/browse_thread/thread/14dede2c7dbe9470/80eec34395f64f3c?hl=en)), including only the _locale_ ("language") part, like `:en`, `:pl`, not the _region_ part, like `:en-US` or `:en-GB`, which are traditionally used for separating "languages" and "regional setting" or "dialects". Many international applications use only the "language" element of a locale such as `:cs`, `:th` or `:es` (for Czech, Thai and Spanish). However, there are also regional differences within different language groups that may be important. For instance, in the `:en-US` locale you would have $ as a currency symbol, while in `:en-GB`, you would have £. Nothing stops you from separating regional and other settings in this way: you just have to provide full "English - United Kingdom" locale in a `:en-GB` dictionary. Various [Rails I18n plugins](http://rails-i18n.org/wiki) such as [Globalize3](https://github.com/globalize/globalize) may help you implement it. +NOTE: The i18n library takes a **pragmatic approach** to locale keys (after [some discussion](http://groups.google.com/group/rails-i18n/browse_thread/thread/14dede2c7dbe9470/80eec34395f64f3c?hl=en)), including only the _locale_ ("language") part, like `:en`, `:pl`, not the _region_ part, like `:en-US` or `:en-GB`, which are traditionally used for separating "languages" and "regional setting" or "dialects". Many international applications use only the "language" element of a locale such as `:cs`, `:th` or `:es` (for Czech, Thai and Spanish). However, there are also regional differences within different language groups that may be important. For instance, in the `:en-US` locale you would have $ as a currency symbol, while in `:en-GB`, you would have £. Nothing stops you from separating regional and other settings in this way: you just have to provide full "English - United Kingdom" locale in a `:en-GB` dictionary. Few gems such as [Globalize3](https://github.com/globalize/globalize) may help you implement it. The **translations load path** (`I18n.load_path`) is just a Ruby Array of paths to your translation files that will be loaded automatically and available in your application. You can pick whatever directory and translation file naming scheme makes sense for you. @@ -262,7 +264,7 @@ get '/:locale' => 'dashboard#index' Do take special care about the **order of your routes**, so this route declaration does not "eat" other ones. (You may want to add it directly before the `root :to` declaration.) -NOTE: Have a look at two plugins which simplify working with routes in this way: Sven Fuchs's [routing_filter](https://github.com/svenfuchs/routing-filter/tree/master) and Raul Murciano's [translate_routes](https://github.com/raul/translate_routes/tree/master). +NOTE: Have a look at various gems which simplify working with routes: [routing_filter](https://github.com/svenfuchs/routing-filter/tree/master), [rails-translate-routes](https://github.com/francesc/rails-translate-routes), [route_translator](https://github.com/enriclluelles/route_translator). ### Setting the Locale from the Client Supplied Information @@ -288,7 +290,7 @@ private end ``` -Of course, in a production environment you would need much more robust code, and could use a plugin such as Iain Hecker's [http_accept_language](https://github.com/iain/http_accept_language/tree/master) or even Rack middleware such as Ryan Tomayko's [locale](https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/blob/master/lib/rack/contrib/locale.rb). +Of course, in a production environment you would need much more robust code, and could use a gem such as Iain Hecker's [http_accept_language](https://github.com/iain/http_accept_language/tree/master) or even Rack middleware such as Ryan Tomayko's [locale](https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib/blob/master/lib/rack/contrib/locale.rb). #### Using GeoIP (or Similar) Database @@ -484,8 +486,6 @@ NOTE: The default locale loading mechanism in Rails does not load locale files i ``` -Do check the [Rails i18n Wiki](http://rails-i18n.org/wiki) for list of tools available for managing translations. - Overview of the I18n API Features --------------------------------- @@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ Thus the following calls are equivalent: ```ruby I18n.t 'activerecord.errors.messages.record_invalid' -I18n.t 'errors.messages.record_invalid', scope: :active_record +I18n.t 'errors.messages.record_invalid', scope: :activerecord I18n.t :record_invalid, scope: 'activerecord.errors.messages' I18n.t :record_invalid, scope: [:activerecord, :errors, :messages] ``` @@ -588,6 +588,26 @@ you can look up the `books.index.title` value **inside** `app/views/books/index. NOTE: Automatic translation scoping by partial is only available from the `translate` view helper method. +"Lazy" lookup can also be used in controllers: + +```yaml +en: + books: + create: + success: Book created! +``` + +This is useful for setting flash messages for instance: + +```ruby +class BooksController < ApplicationController + def create + # ... + redirect_to books_url, notice: t('.success') + end +end +``` + ### Interpolation In many cases you want to abstract your translations so that **variables can be interpolated into the translation**. For this reason the I18n API provides an interpolation feature. @@ -628,7 +648,7 @@ entry[count == 1 ? 0 : 1] I.e. the translation denoted as `:one` is regarded as singular, the other is used as plural (including the count being zero). -If the lookup for the key does not return a Hash suitable for pluralization, an `18n::InvalidPluralizationData` exception is raised. +If the lookup for the key does not return a Hash suitable for pluralization, an `I18n::InvalidPluralizationData` exception is raised. ### Setting and Passing a Locale @@ -809,7 +829,7 @@ So, for example, instead of the default error message `"cannot be blank"` you co | validation | with option | message | interpolation | | ------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------- | -| confirmation | - | :confirmation | - | +| confirmation | - | :confirmation | attribute | | acceptance | - | :accepted | - | | presence | - | :blank | - | | absence | - | :present | - | @@ -829,6 +849,7 @@ So, for example, instead of the default error message `"cannot be blank"` you co | numericality | :equal_to | :equal_to | count | | numericality | :less_than | :less_than | count | | numericality | :less_than_or_equal_to | :less_than_or_equal_to | count | +| numericality | :other_than | :other_than | count | | numericality | :only_integer | :not_an_integer | - | | numericality | :odd | :odd | - | | numericality | :even | :even | - | @@ -1009,7 +1030,7 @@ In other contexts you might want to change this behavior, though. E.g. the defau module I18n class JustRaiseExceptionHandler < ExceptionHandler def call(exception, locale, key, options) - if exception.is_a?(MissingTranslation) + if exception.is_a?(MissingTranslationData) raise exception.to_exception else super @@ -1026,7 +1047,7 @@ This would re-raise only the `MissingTranslationData` exception, passing all oth However, if you are using `I18n::Backend::Pluralization` this handler will also raise `I18n::MissingTranslationData: translation missing: en.i18n.plural.rule` exception that should normally be ignored to fall back to the default pluralization rule for English locale. To avoid this you may use additional check for translation key: ```ruby -if exception.is_a?(MissingTranslation) && key.to_s != 'i18n.plural.rule' +if exception.is_a?(MissingTranslationData) && key.to_s != 'i18n.plural.rule' raise exception.to_exception else super @@ -1052,9 +1073,9 @@ If you find anything missing or wrong in this guide, please file a ticket on our Contributing to Rails I18n -------------------------- -I18n support in Ruby on Rails was introduced in the release 2.2 and is still evolving. The project follows the good Ruby on Rails development tradition of evolving solutions in plugins and real applications first, and only then cherry-picking the best-of-breed of most widely useful features for inclusion in the core. +I18n support in Ruby on Rails was introduced in the release 2.2 and is still evolving. The project follows the good Ruby on Rails development tradition of evolving solutions in gems and real applications first, and only then cherry-picking the best-of-breed of most widely useful features for inclusion in the core. -Thus we encourage everybody to experiment with new ideas and features in plugins or other libraries and make them available to the community. (Don't forget to announce your work on our [mailing list](http://groups.google.com/group/rails-i18n!)) +Thus we encourage everybody to experiment with new ideas and features in gems or other libraries and make them available to the community. (Don't forget to announce your work on our [mailing list](http://groups.google.com/group/rails-i18n!)) If you find your own locale (language) missing from our [example translations data](https://github.com/svenfuchs/rails-i18n/tree/master/rails/locale) repository for Ruby on Rails, please [_fork_](https://github.com/guides/fork-a-project-and-submit-your-modifications) the repository, add your data and send a [pull request](https://github.com/guides/pull-requests). @@ -1062,7 +1083,6 @@ If you find your own locale (language) missing from our [example translations da Resources --------- -* [rails-i18n.org](http://rails-i18n.org) - Homepage of the rails-i18n project. You can find lots of useful resources on the [wiki](http://rails-i18n.org/wiki). * [Google group: rails-i18n](http://groups.google.com/group/rails-i18n) - The project's mailing list. * [GitHub: rails-i18n](https://github.com/svenfuchs/rails-i18n/tree/master) - Code repository for the rails-i18n project. Most importantly you can find lots of [example translations](https://github.com/svenfuchs/rails-i18n/tree/master/rails/locale) for Rails that should work for your application in most cases. * [GitHub: i18n](https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/tree/master) - Code repository for the i18n gem. |