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Diffstat (limited to 'guides/source/configuring.md')
| -rw-r--r-- | guides/source/configuring.md | 97 |
1 files changed, 81 insertions, 16 deletions
diff --git a/guides/source/configuring.md b/guides/source/configuring.md index a0f0738fba..0a375d7cb8 100644 --- a/guides/source/configuring.md +++ b/guides/source/configuring.md @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +**DO NOT READ THIS FILE IN GITHUB, GUIDES ARE PUBLISHED IN http://guides.rubyonrails.org.** + Configuring Rails Applications ============================== @@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ These configuration methods are to be called on a `Rails::Railtie` object, such * `config.autoload_paths` accepts an array of paths from which Rails will autoload constants. Default is all directories under `app`. -* `config.cache_classes` controls whether or not application classes and modules should be reloaded on each request. Defaults to false in development mode, and true in test and production modes. Can also be enabled with `threadsafe!`. +* `config.cache_classes` controls whether or not application classes and modules should be reloaded on each request. Defaults to false in development mode, and true in test and production modes. * `config.action_view.cache_template_loading` controls whether or not templates should be reloaded on each request. Defaults to whatever is set for `config.cache_classes`. @@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ application. Accepts a valid week day symbol (e.g. `:monday`). end ``` -* `config.dependency_loading` is a flag that allows you to disable constant autoloading setting it to false. It only has effect if `config.cache_classes` is true, which it is by default in production mode. This flag is set to false by `config.threadsafe!`. +* `config.dependency_loading` is a flag that allows you to disable constant autoloading setting it to false. It only has effect if `config.cache_classes` is true, which it is by default in production mode. * `config.eager_load` when true, eager loads all registered `config.eager_load_namespaces`. This includes your application, engines, Rails frameworks and any other registered namespace. @@ -108,11 +110,11 @@ numbers. New applications filter out passwords by adding the following `config.f * `config.log_formatter` defines the formatter of the Rails logger. This option defaults to an instance of `ActiveSupport::Logger::SimpleFormatter` for all modes except production, where it defaults to `Logger::Formatter`. -* `config.log_level` defines the verbosity of the Rails logger. This option defaults to `:debug` for all modes except production, where it defaults to `:info`. +* `config.log_level` defines the verbosity of the Rails logger. This option defaults to `:debug` for all environments. * `config.log_tags` accepts a list of methods that the `request` object responds to. This makes it easy to tag log lines with debug information like subdomain and request id - both very helpful in debugging multi-user production applications. -* `config.logger` accepts a logger conforming to the interface of Log4r or the default Ruby `Logger` class. Defaults to an instance of `ActiveSupport::Logger`, with auto flushing off in production mode. +* `config.logger` accepts a logger conforming to the interface of Log4r or the default Ruby `Logger` class. Defaults to an instance of `ActiveSupport::Logger`. * `config.middleware` allows you to configure the application's middleware. This is covered in depth in the [Configuring Middleware](#configuring-middleware) section below. @@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ numbers. New applications filter out passwords by adding the following `config.f * `secrets.secret_key_base` is used for specifying a key which allows sessions for the application to be verified against a known secure key to prevent tampering. Applications get `secrets.secret_key_base` initialized to a random key present in `config/secrets.yml`. -* `config.serve_static_assets` configures Rails itself to serve static assets. Defaults to true, but in the production environment is turned off as the server software (e.g. NGINX or Apache) used to run the application should serve static assets instead. Unlike the default setting set this to true when running (absolutely not recommended!) or testing your app in production mode using WEBrick. Otherwise you won't be able use page caching and requests for files that exist regularly under the public directory will anyway hit your Rails app. +* `config.serve_static_files` configures Rails to serve static files. This option defaults to true, but in the production environment it is set to false because the server software (e.g. NGINX or Apache) used to run the application should serve static files instead. If you are running or testing your app in production mode using WEBrick (it is not recommended to use WEBrick in production) set the option to true. Otherwise, you won't be able to use page caching and request for files that exist under the public directory. * `config.session_store` is usually set up in `config/initializers/session_store.rb` and specifies what class to use to store the session. Possible values are `:cookie_store` which is the default, `:mem_cache_store`, and `:disabled`. The last one tells Rails not to deal with sessions. Custom session stores can also be specified: @@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ numbers. New applications filter out passwords by adding the following `config.f * `config.assets.enabled` a flag that controls whether the asset pipeline is enabled. It is set to true by default. -*`config.assets.raise_runtime_errors`* Set this flag to `true` to enable additional runtime error checking. Recommended in `config/environments/development.rb` to minimize unexpected behavior when deploying to `production`. +* `config.assets.raise_runtime_errors` Set this flag to `true` to enable additional runtime error checking. Recommended in `config/environments/development.rb` to minimize unexpected behavior when deploying to `production`. * `config.assets.compress` a flag that enables the compression of compiled assets. It is explicitly set to true in `config/environments/production.rb`. @@ -151,7 +153,9 @@ pipeline is enabled. It is set to true by default. * `config.assets.prefix` defines the prefix where assets are served from. Defaults to `/assets`. -* `config.assets.digest` enables the use of MD5 fingerprints in asset names. Set to `true` by default in `production.rb`. +* `config.assets.manifest` defines the full path to be used for the asset precompiler's manifest file. Defaults to a file named `manifest-<random>.json` in the `config.assets.prefix` directory within the public folder. + +* `config.assets.digest` enables the use of MD5 fingerprints in asset names. Set to `true` by default in `production.rb` and `development.rb`. * `config.assets.debug` disables the concatenation and compression of assets. Set to `true` by default in `development.rb`. @@ -195,7 +199,7 @@ The full set of methods that can be used in this block are as follows: Every Rails application comes with a standard set of middleware which it uses in this order in the development environment: * `ActionDispatch::SSL` forces every request to be under HTTPS protocol. Will be available if `config.force_ssl` is set to `true`. Options passed to this can be configured by using `config.ssl_options`. -* `ActionDispatch::Static` is used to serve static assets. Disabled if `config.serve_static_assets` is `false`. +* `ActionDispatch::Static` is used to serve static assets. Disabled if `config.serve_static_files` is `false`. * `Rack::Lock` wraps the app in mutex so it can only be called by a single thread at a time. Only enabled when `config.cache_classes` is `false`. * `ActiveSupport::Cache::Strategy::LocalCache` serves as a basic memory backed cache. This cache is not thread safe and is intended only for serving as a temporary memory cache for a single thread. * `Rack::Runtime` sets an `X-Runtime` header, containing the time (in seconds) taken to execute the request. @@ -212,7 +216,7 @@ Every Rails application comes with a standard set of middleware which it uses in * `ActionDispatch::Flash` sets up the `flash` keys. Only available if `config.action_controller.session_store` is set to a value. * `ActionDispatch::ParamsParser` parses out parameters from the request into `params`. * `Rack::MethodOverride` allows the method to be overridden if `params[:_method]` is set. This is the middleware which supports the PATCH, PUT, and DELETE HTTP method types. -* `ActionDispatch::Head` converts HEAD requests to GET requests and serves them as so. +* `Rack::Head` converts HEAD requests to GET requests and serves them as so. Besides these usual middleware, you can add your own by using the `config.middleware.use` method: @@ -223,13 +227,13 @@ config.middleware.use Magical::Unicorns This will put the `Magical::Unicorns` middleware on the end of the stack. You can use `insert_before` if you wish to add a middleware before another. ```ruby -config.middleware.insert_before ActionDispatch::Head, Magical::Unicorns +config.middleware.insert_before Rack::Head, Magical::Unicorns ``` There's also `insert_after` which will insert a middleware after another: ```ruby -config.middleware.insert_after ActionDispatch::Head, Magical::Unicorns +config.middleware.insert_after Rack::Head, Magical::Unicorns ``` Middlewares can also be completely swapped out and replaced with others: @@ -288,8 +292,6 @@ All these configuration options are delegated to the `I18n` library. * `config.active_record.partial_writes` is a boolean value and controls whether or not partial writes are used (i.e. whether updates only set attributes that are dirty). Note that when using partial writes, you should also use optimistic locking `config.active_record.lock_optimistically` since concurrent updates may write attributes based on a possibly stale read state. The default value is `true`. -* `config.active_record.attribute_types_cached_by_default` sets the attribute types that `ActiveRecord::AttributeMethods` will cache by default on reads. The default is `[:datetime, :timestamp, :time, :date]`. - * `config.active_record.maintain_test_schema` is a boolean value which controls whether Active Record should try to keep your test database schema up-to-date with `db/schema.rb` (or `db/structure.sql`) when you run your tests. The default is true. * `config.active_record.dump_schema_after_migration` is a flag which @@ -318,6 +320,8 @@ The schema dumper adds one additional configuration option: * `config.action_controller.default_charset` specifies the default character set for all renders. The default is "utf-8". +* `config.action_controller.include_all_helpers` configures whether all view helpers are available everywhere or are scoped to the corresponding controller. If set to `false`, `UsersHelper` methods are only available for views rendered as part of `UsersController`. If `true`, `UsersHelper` methods are available everywhere. The default is `true`. + * `config.action_controller.logger` accepts a logger conforming to the interface of Log4r or the default Ruby Logger class, which is then used to log information from Action Controller. Set to `nil` to disable logging. * `config.action_controller.request_forgery_protection_token` sets the token parameter name for RequestForgery. Calling `protect_from_forgery` sets it to `:authenticity_token` by default. @@ -330,6 +334,8 @@ The schema dumper adds one additional configuration option: * `config.action_controller.action_on_unpermitted_parameters` enables logging or raising an exception if parameters that are not explicitly permitted are found. Set to `:log` or `:raise` to enable. The default value is `:log` in development and test environments, and `false` in all other environments. +* `config.action_controller.always_permitted_parameters` sets a list of whitelisted parameters that are permitted by default. The default values are `['controller', 'action']`. + ### Configuring Action Dispatch * `config.action_dispatch.session_store` sets the name of the store for session data. The default is `:cookie_store`; other valid options include `:active_record_store`, `:mem_cache_store` or the name of your own custom class. @@ -362,6 +368,30 @@ encrypted cookies salt value. Defaults to `'signed encrypted cookie'`. method should be performed on the parameters. See [Security Guide](security.html#unsafe-query-generation) for more information. It defaults to true. +* `config.action_dispatch.rescue_responses` configures what exceptions are assigned to an HTTP status. It accepts a hash and you can specify pairs of exception/status. By default, this is defined as: + + ```ruby + config.action_dispatch.rescue_responses = { + 'ActionController::RoutingError' => :not_found, + 'AbstractController::ActionNotFound' => :not_found, + 'ActionController::MethodNotAllowed' => :method_not_allowed, + 'ActionController::UnknownHttpMethod' => :method_not_allowed, + 'ActionController::NotImplemented' => :not_implemented, + 'ActionController::UnknownFormat' => :not_acceptable, + 'ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken' => :unprocessable_entity, + 'ActionController::InvalidCrossOriginRequest' => :unprocessable_entity, + 'ActionDispatch::ParamsParser::ParseError' => :bad_request, + 'ActionController::BadRequest' => :bad_request, + 'ActionController::ParameterMissing' => :bad_request, + 'ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound' => :not_found, + 'ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError' => :conflict, + 'ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid' => :unprocessable_entity, + 'ActiveRecord::RecordNotSaved' => :unprocessable_entity + } + ``` + + Any exceptions that are not configured will be mapped to 500 Internal Server Error. + * `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.before` takes a block of code to run before the request. * `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.to_prepare` takes a block to run after `ActionDispatch::Callbacks.before`, but before the request. Runs for every request in `development` mode, but only once for `production` or environments with `cache_classes` set to `true`. @@ -451,12 +481,26 @@ There are a number of settings available on `config.action_mailer`: config.action_mailer.interceptors = ["MailInterceptor"] ``` +* `config.action_mailer.preview_path` specifies the location of mailer previews. + + ```ruby + config.action_mailer.preview_path = "#{Rails.root}/lib/mailer_previews" + ``` + +* `config.action_mailer.show_previews` enable or disable mailer previews. By default this is `true` in development. + + ```ruby + config.action_mailer.show_previews = false + ``` + ### Configuring Active Support There are a few configuration options available in Active Support: * `config.active_support.bare` enables or disables the loading of `active_support/all` when booting Rails. Defaults to `nil`, which means `active_support/all` is loaded. +* `config.active_support.test_order` sets the order that test cases are executed. Possible values are `:sorted` and `:random`. Currently defaults to `:sorted`. In Rails 5.0, the default will be changed to `:random` instead. + * `config.active_support.escape_html_entities_in_json` enables or disables the escaping of HTML entities in JSON serialization. Defaults to `false`. * `config.active_support.use_standard_json_time_format` enables or disables serializing dates to ISO 8601 format. Defaults to `true`. @@ -552,7 +596,7 @@ development: $ echo $DATABASE_URL postgresql://localhost/my_database -$ bin/rails runner 'puts ActiveRecord::Base.connections' +$ bin/rails runner 'puts ActiveRecord::Base.configurations' {"development"=>{"adapter"=>"postgresql", "host"=>"localhost", "database"=>"my_database"}} ``` @@ -569,7 +613,7 @@ development: $ echo $DATABASE_URL postgresql://localhost/my_database -$ bin/rails runner 'puts ActiveRecord::Base.connections' +$ bin/rails runner 'puts ActiveRecord::Base.configurations' {"development"=>{"adapter"=>"postgresql", "host"=>"localhost", "database"=>"my_database", "pool"=>5}} ``` @@ -585,7 +629,7 @@ development: $ echo $DATABASE_URL postgresql://localhost/my_database -$ bin/rails runner 'puts ActiveRecord::Base.connections' +$ bin/rails runner 'puts ActiveRecord::Base.configurations' {"development"=>{"adapter"=>"sqlite3", "database"=>"NOT_my_database"}} ``` @@ -982,3 +1026,24 @@ If you get the above error, you might want to increase the size of connection pool by incrementing the `pool` option in `database.yml` NOTE. If you are running in a multi-threaded environment, there could be a chance that several threads may be accessing multiple connections simultaneously. So depending on your current request load, you could very well have multiple threads contending for a limited amount of connections. + + +Custom configuration +-------------------- + +You can configure your own code through the Rails configuration object with custom configuration. It works like this: + + ```ruby + config.x.payment_processing.schedule = :daily + config.x.payment_processing.retries = 3 + config.x.super_debugger = true + ``` + +These configuration points are then available through the configuration object: + + ```ruby + Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.schedule # => :daily + Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.retries # => 3 + Rails.configuration.x.super_debugger # => true + Rails.configuration.x.super_debugger.not_set # => nil + ``` |