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diff --git a/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md b/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md index be007f93a7..a598c7c319 100644 --- a/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md +++ b/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md @@ -3,241 +3,797 @@ Ruby on Rails 4.2 Release Notes Highlights in Rails 4.2: -These release notes cover only the major changes. To know about various bug -fixes and changes, please refer to the change logs or check out the -[list of commits](https://github.com/rails/rails/commits/master) in the main -Rails repository on GitHub. +* Active Job, Action Mailer #deliver_later +* Adequate Record +* Web Console +* Foreign key support + +These release notes cover only the major changes. To learn about various bug +fixes and changes, please refer to the change logs or check out the [list of +commits](https://github.com/rails/rails/commits/master) in the main Rails +repository on GitHub. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +NOTE: This document is a work in progress, please help to improve this by sending +a [pull request](https://github.com/rails/rails/edit/master/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md). + Upgrading to Rails 4.2 ---------------------- If you're upgrading an existing application, it's a great idea to have good test coverage before going in. You should also first upgrade to Rails 4.1 in case you haven't and make sure your application still runs as expected before attempting -an update to Rails 4.2. A list of things to watch out for when upgrading is -available in the -[Upgrading Ruby on Rails](upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#upgrading-from-rails-4-1-to-rails-4-2) -guide. +to upgrade to Rails 4.2. A list of things to watch out for when upgrading is +available in the guide: [Upgrading Ruby on +Rails](upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#upgrading-from-rails-4-1-to-rails-4-2) Major Features -------------- +### Active Job, Action Mailer #deliver_later + +Active Job is a new framework in Rails 4.2. It is an adapter layer on top of +queuing systems like [Resque](https://github.com/resque/resque), [Delayed +Job](https://github.com/collectiveidea/delayed_job), +[Sidekiq](https://github.com/mperham/sidekiq), and more. + +You can write your jobs with the Active Job API, and it'll run on all these +queues with no changes (it comes pre-configured with an inline runner). + +Building on top of Active Job, Action Mailer now comes with a `#deliver_later` +method, which adds your email to be sent as a job to a queue, so it doesn't +bog down the controller or model. + +The new GlobalID library makes it easy to pass Active Record objects to jobs by +serializing them in a generic form. This means you no longer have to manually +pack and unpack your Active Records by passing ids. Just give the job the +straight Active Record object, and it'll serialize it using GlobalID, and +deserialize it at run time. + +### Adequate Record + +Adequate Record is a set of refactorings that make Active Record `find` and +`find_by` methods and some association queries upto 2x faster. + +It works by caching SQL query patterns while executing the Active Record calls. +The cache helps skip parts of the computation involved in the transformation of +the calls into SQL queries. More details in [Aaron Patterson's +post](http://tenderlovemaking.com/2014/02/19/adequaterecord-pro-like-activerecord.html). + +Nothing special has to be done to activate this feature. Most `find` and +`find_by` calls and association queries will use it automatically. Examples: + +```ruby +Post.find 1 # caches query pattern +Post.find 2 # uses the cached pattern + +Post.find_by_title 'first post' # caches query pattern +Post.find_by_title 'second post' # uses the cached pattern + +post.comments # caches query pattern +post.comments(true) # uses cached pattern +``` + +The caching is not used in the following scenarios: + +- The model has a default scope +- The model uses single table inheritance to inherit from another model +- `find` with a list of ids. eg: + + ```ruby + Post.find(1,2,3) + OR + Post.find [1,2] + ``` + +- `find_by` with sql fragments: + + ```ruby + Post.find_by "published_at < ?", 2.weeks.ago + ``` + +### Web Console + +New applications generated from Rails 4.2 now come with the Web Console gem by +default. + +Web Console is a set of debugging tools for your Rails application. It will add +an interactive console on every error page, a `console` view helper and a VT100 +compatible terminal. + +The interactive console on the error pages lets you execute code where the +exception originated. It's quite handy to introspect the state that led to the +error. + +The `console` view helper launches an interactive console within the context of +the view where it is invoked. + +Finally, you can launch a VT100 terminal that runs `rails console`. If you need +to create or modify existing test data, you can do that straight from the +browser. + +### Foreign key support + +The migration DSL now supports adding and removing foreign keys. They are dumped +to `schema.rb` as well. At this time, only the `mysql`, `mysql2` and `postgresql` +adapters support foreign keys. + +```ruby +# add a foreign key to `articles.author_id` referencing `authors.id` +add_foreign_key :articles, :authors + +# add a foreign key to `articles.author_id` referencing `users.lng_id` +add_foreign_key :articles, :users, column: :author_id, primary_key: "lng_id" + +# remove the foreign key on `accounts.branch_id` +remove_foreign_key :accounts, :branches + +# remove the foreign key on `accounts.owner_id` +remove_foreign_key :accounts, column: :owner_id +``` + +See the API documentation on +[add_foreign_key](http://api.rubyonrails.org/v4.2.0/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/SchemaStatements.html#method-i-add_foreign_key) +and +[remove_foreign_key](http://api.rubyonrails.org/v4.2.0/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/SchemaStatements.html#method-i-remove_foreign_key) +for a full description. + + +Incompatibilities +----------------- + +Previously deprecated functionality has been removed. Please refer to the +individual components for new deprecations in this release. + +The following changes may require immediate action upon upgrade. + +### `render` with a String argument + +Previously, calling `render "foo/bar"` in a controller action is equivalent to +`render file: "foo/bar"`. In Rails 4.2, this has been changed to mean `render template: "foo/bar"` +instead. If you need to render a file, please change your code to use the +explicit form (`render file: "foo/bar"`) instead. + +### `respond_with` / class-level `respond_to` + +`respond_with` and the corresponding class-level `respond_to` have been moved to +the `responders` gem. To use the following, add `gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'` to +your Gemfile: + +```ruby +# app/controllers/users_controller.rb + +class UsersController < ApplicationController + respond_to :html, :json + + def show + @user = User.find(params[:id]) + respond_with @user + end +end +``` + +Instance-level `respond_to` is unaffected: + +```ruby +# app/controllers/users_controller.rb + +class UsersController < ApplicationController + def show + @user = User.find(params[:id]) + respond_to do |format| + format.html + format.json { render json: @user } + end + end +end +``` + +### Default host for `rails server` + +Due to a [change in Rack](https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/28b014484a8ac0bbb388e7eaeeef159598ec64fc), +`rails server` now listens on `localhost` instead of `0.0.0.0` by default. This +should have minimal impact on the standard development workflow as both http://127.0.0.1:3000 +and http://localhost:3000 would continue to work as before on your own machine. + +However, with this change you would no longer be able to access the Rails server +from a different machine (e.g. your development environment is in a virtual +machine and you would like to access it from the host machine), you would need +to start the server with `rails server -b 0.0.0.0` to restore the old behavior. + +If you do this, be sure to configure your firewall properly such that only +trusted machines on your network can access your development server. + +### Production logging + +The default log level in the `production` environment is now `:debug`. This +makes it consistent with the other environments, and ensures plenty of +information is available to diagnose problems. + +It can be returned to the previous level, `:info`, in the environment +configuration: + +```ruby +# config/environments/production.rb + +# Decrease the log volume. +config.log_level = :info +``` + +### HTML Sanitizer + +The HTML sanitizer has been replaced with a new, more robust, implementation +built upon Loofah and Nokogiri. The new sanitizer is more secure and its +sanitization is more powerful and flexible. + +With a new sanitization algorithm, the sanitized output will change for certain +pathological inputs. + +If you have particular need for the exact output of the old sanitizer, you can +add `rails-deprecated_sanitizer` to your Gemfile, and it will automatically +replace the new implementation. Because it is opt-in, the legacy gem will not +give deprecation warnings. + +`rails-deprecated_sanitizer` will be supported for Rails 4.2 only; it will not +be maintained for Rails 5.0. + +See [the blog post](http://blog.plataformatec.com.br/2014/07/the-new-html-sanitizer-in-rails-4-2/) +for more detail on the changes in the new sanitizer. + +### `assert_select` + +`assert_select` is now based on Nokogiri, making it (TODO: betterer). + +As a result, some previously-valid selectors are now unsupported. If your +application is using any of these spellings, you will need to update them: + +* Values in attribute selectors may need to be quoted if they contain + non-alphanumeric characters. + + ``` + a[href=/] => a[href="/"] + a[href$=/] => a[href$="/"] + ``` + +* DOMs built from HTML source containing invalid HTML with improperly + nested elements may differ. + + For example: + + ``` ruby + # content: <div><i><p></i></div> + + # before: + assert_select('div > i') # => true + assert_select('div > p') # => false + assert_select('i > p') # => true + + # now: + assert_select('div > i') # => true + assert_select('div > p') # => true + assert_select('i > p') # => false + ``` + +* If the data selected contains entities, the value selected for comparison + used to be raw (e.g. `AT&T`), and now is evaluated + (e.g. `AT&T`). + + ``` ruby + # content: <p>AT&T</p> + + # before: + assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => true + assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => false + + # now: + assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => true + assert_select('p', 'AT&T') # => false + ``` Railties -------- -Please refer to the -[Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/railties/CHANGELOG.md) -for detailed changes. +Please refer to the [Changelog][railties] for detailed changes. ### Removals -* The `rails application` command has been removed without replacement. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/11616)) +* The `rails application` command has been removed without replacement. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/11616)) + +### Deprecations + +* Deprecated `Rails::Rack::LogTailer` without replacement. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/84a13e019e93efaa8994b3f8303d635a7702dbce)) ### Notable changes -* Introduced `bin/setup` script to bootstrap an application. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15189)) +* Introduced `web-console` in the default application Gemfile. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/11667)) + +* Added a `required` option to the model generator for associations. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16062)) + +* Introduced an `after_bundle` callback for use in Rails templates. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16359)) + +* Introduced the `x` namespace for defining custom configuration options: + + ```ruby + # config/environments/production.rb + config.x.payment_processing.schedule = :daily + config.x.payment_processing.retries = 3 + config.x.super_debugger = true + ``` + + These options are then available through the configuration object: + + ```ruby + Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.schedule # => :daily + Rails.configuration.x.payment_processing.retries # => 3 + Rails.configuration.x.super_debugger # => true + ``` + + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/611849772dd66c2e4d005dcfe153f7ce79a8a7db)) + +* Introduced `Rails::Application.config_for` to load a configuration for the + current environment. + + ```ruby + # config/exception_notification.yml: + production: + url: http://127.0.0.1:8080 + namespace: my_app_production + development: + url: http://localhost:3001 + namespace: my_app_development + + # config/production.rb + Rails.application.configure do + config.middleware.use ExceptionNotifier, config_for(:exception_notification) + end + ``` + + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16129)) + +* Introduced a `--skip-gems` option in the app generator to skip gems such as + `turbolinks` and `coffee-rails` that do not have their own specific flags. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/10565895805887d4faf004a6f71219da177f78b7)) + +* Introduced a `bin/setup` script to enable automated setup code when + bootstrapping an application. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15189)) -* Changed default value for `config.assets.digest` to `true` in development. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15155)) +* Changed default value for `config.assets.digest` to `true` in development. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15155)) -* Introduced an API to register new extensions for `rake notes`. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14379)) +* Introduced an API to register new extensions for `rake notes`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14379)) -* Introduced `Rails.gem_version` as a convenience method to return `Gem::Version.new(Rails.version)`. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14101)) +* Introduced `Rails.gem_version` as a convenience method to return + `Gem::Version.new(Rails.version)`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14101)) Action Pack ----------- -Please refer to the -[Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md) -for detailed changes. +Please refer to the [Changelog][action-pack] for detailed changes. + +### Removals + +* `respond_with` and the class-level `respond_to` were removed from Rails and + moved to the `responders` gem (version 2.0). Add `gem 'responders', '~> 2.0'` + to your `Gemfile` to continue using these features. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16526)) + +* Removed deprecated `AbstractController::Helpers::ClassMethods::MissingHelperError` + in favor of `AbstractController::Helpers::MissingHelperError`. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/a1ddde15ae0d612ff2973de9cf768ed701b594e8)) ### Deprecations -* Deprecated support for setting the `to:` option of a router to a symbol or a - string that does not contain a `#` character: +* Deprecated `assert_tag`, `assert_no_tag`, `find_tag` and `find_all_tag` in + favor of `assert_select`. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails-dom-testing/commit/b12850bc5ff23ba4b599bf2770874dd4f11bf750)) + +* Deprecated support for setting the `:to` option of a router to a symbol or a + string that does not contain a `#` character: - get '/posts', to: MyRackApp => (No change necessary) - get '/posts', to: 'post#index' => (No change necessary) - get '/posts', to: 'posts' => get '/posts', controller: :posts - get '/posts', to: :index => get '/posts', action: :index + ```ruby + get '/posts', to: MyRackApp => (No change necessary) + get '/posts', to: 'post#index' => (No change necessary) + get '/posts', to: 'posts' => get '/posts', controller: :posts + get '/posts', to: :index => get '/posts', action: :index + ``` - ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/cc26b6b7bccf0eea2e2c1a9ebdcc9d30ca7390d9)) + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/cc26b6b7bccf0eea2e2c1a9ebdcc9d30ca7390d9)) ### Notable changes -* The `*_filter` family methods has been removed from the documentation. Their - usage are discouraged in favor of the `*_action` family methods: +* Rails will now automatically include the template's digest in ETags. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16527)) + +* `render nothing: true` or rendering a `nil` body no longer add a single + space padding to the response body. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14883)) + +* Introduced the `always_permitted_parameters` option to configure which + parameters are permitted globally. The default value of this configuration + is `['controller', 'action']`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15933)) + +* The `*_filter` family methods have been removed from the documentation. Their + usage is discouraged in favor of the `*_action` family methods: + + ``` + after_filter => after_action + append_after_filter => append_after_action + append_around_filter => append_around_action + append_before_filter => append_before_action + around_filter => around_action + before_filter => before_action + prepend_after_filter => prepend_after_action + prepend_around_filter => prepend_around_action + prepend_before_filter => prepend_before_action + skip_after_filter => skip_after_action + skip_around_filter => skip_around_action + skip_before_filter => skip_before_action + skip_filter => skip_action_callback + ``` + + If your application currently depends on these methods, you should use the + replacement `*_action` methods instead. These methods will be deprecated in + the future and will eventually be removed from Rails. + + (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/6c5f43bab8206747a8591435b2aa0ff7051ad3de), + [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/489a8f2a44dc9cea09154ee1ee2557d1f037c7d4)) + +* Added HTTP method `MKCALENDAR` from RFC-4791 + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15121)) + +* `*_fragment.action_controller` notifications now include the controller + and action name in the payload. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14137)) + +* Segments that are passed into URL helpers are now automatically escaped. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/5460591f0226a9d248b7b4f89186bd5553e7768f)) + +* Improved the Routing Error page with fuzzy matching for route search. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14619)) + +* Added an option to disable logging of CSRF failures. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14280)) + +* When the Rails server is set to serve static assets, gzip assets will now be + served if the client supports it and a pre-generated gzip file (.gz) is on disk. + By default the asset pipeline generates `.gz` files for all compressible assets. + Serving gzip files minimizes data transfer and speeds up asset requests. Always + [use a CDN](http://guides.rubyonrails.org/asset_pipeline.html#cdns) if you are + serving assets from your Rails server in production. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16466)) + +* The way `assert_select` works has changed; specifically a different library + is used to interpret css selectors, build the transient DOM that the + selectors are applied against, and to extract the data from that DOM. These + changes should only affect edge cases. Examples: + * Values in attribute selectors may need to be quoted if they contain + non-alphanumeric characters. + * DOMs built from HTML source containing invalid HTML with improperly + nested elements may differ. + * If the data selected contains entities, the value selected for comparison + used to be raw (e.g. `AT&T`), and now is evaluated + (e.g. `AT&T`). + + +Action View +------------- + +Please refer to the [Changelog][action-view] for detailed changes. + +### Deprecations - after_filter => after_action - append_after_filter => append_after_action - append_around_filter => append_around_action - append_before_filter => append_before_action - around_filter => around_action - before_filter => before_action - prepend_after_filter => prepend_after_action - prepend_around_filter => prepend_around_action - prepend_before_filter => prepend_before_action - skip_after_filter => skip_after_action - skip_around_filter => skip_around_action - skip_before_filter => skip_before_action - skip_filter => skip_action_callback +* Deprecated `AbstractController::Base.parent_prefixes`. + Override `AbstractController::Base.local_prefixes` when you want to change + where to find views. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15026)) - If your application is depending on these methods, you should use the - replacement `*_action` methods instead. These methods will be deprecated in - the future and eventually removed from Rails. - (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/6c5f43bab8206747a8591435b2aa0ff7051ad3de), - [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/489a8f2a44dc9cea09154ee1ee2557d1f037c7d4)) +* Deprecated `ActionView::Digestor#digest(name, format, finder, options = {})`. + Arguments should be passed as a hash instead. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14243)) -* Added HTTP method `MKCALENDAR` from RFC-4791 - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15121)) +### Notable changes -* `*_fragment.action_controller` notifications now include the controller and action name - in the payload. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14137)) +* `render "foo/bar"` now expands to `render template: "foo/bar"` instead of + `render file: "foo/bar"`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16888)) -* Segments that are passed into URL helpers are now automatically escaped. - ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/5460591f0226a9d248b7b4f89186bd5553e7768f)) +* Introduced a `#{partial_name}_iteration` special local variable for use with + partials that are rendered with a collection. It provides access to the + current state of the iteration via the `#index`, `#size`, `#first?` and + `#last?` methods. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7698)) -* Improved Routing Error page with fuzzy matching for route search. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14619)) +* The form helpers no longer generate a `<div>` element with inline CSS around + the hidden fields. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14738)) -* Added option to disable logging of CSRF failures. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14280)) +* Placeholder I18n follows the same convention as `label` I18n. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16438)) Action Mailer ------------- -Please refer to the -[Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionmailer/CHANGELOG.md) -for detailed changes. +Please refer to the [Changelog][action-mailer] for detailed changes. + +### Deprecations + +* Deprecated `*_path` helpers in mailers. Always use `*_url` helpers instead. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15840)) + +* Deprecated `deliver` / `deliver!` in favour of `deliver_now` / `deliver_now!`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16582)) ### Notable changes +* Introduced `deliver_later` which enqueues a job on the application's queue + to deliver emails asynchronously. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16485)) + +* Added the `show_previews` configuration option for enabling mailer previews + outside of the development environment. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15970)) + Active Record ------------- -Please refer to the -[Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) -for detailed changes. +Please refer to the [Changelog][active-record] for detailed changes. + +### Removals + +* Removed `cache_attributes` and friends. All attributes are cached. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15429)) + +* Removed deprecated method `ActiveRecord::Base.quoted_locking_column`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15612)) + +* Removed deprecated `ActiveRecord::Migrator.proper_table_name`. Use the + `proper_table_name` instance method on `ActiveRecord::Migration` instead. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15512)) + +* Removed unused `:timestamp` type. Transparently alias it to `:datetime` + in all cases. Fixes inconsistencies when column types are sent outside of + `ActiveRecord`, such as for XML serialization. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15184)) ### Deprecations -* Deprecated using `.joins`, `.preload` and `.eager_load` with associations that - depends on the instance state (i.e. those defined with a scope that takes an - argument) without replacement. - ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/ed56e596a0467390011bc9d56d462539776adac1)) +* Deprecated swallowing of errors inside `after_commit` and `after_rollback`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16537)) + +* Deprecated calling `DatabaseTasks.load_schema` without a connection. Use + `DatabaseTasks.load_schema_current` instead. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f15cef67f75e4b52fd45655d7c6ab6b35623c608)) + +* Deprecated `Reflection#source_macro` without replacement as it is no longer + needed in Active Record. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16373)) + +* Deprecated broken support for automatic detection of counter caches on + `has_many :through` associations. You should instead manually specify the + counter cache on the `has_many` and `belongs_to` associations for the + through records. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15754)) + +* Deprecated `serialized_attributes` without replacement. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15704)) + +* Deprecated returning `nil` from `column_for_attribute` when no column + exists. It will return a null object in Rails 5.0 + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15878)) -* Deprecated passing Active Record objects to `.find` or `.exists?`. Call `#id` - on the objects first. - (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d92ae6ccca3bcfd73546d612efaea011270bd270), - [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d35f0033c7dec2b8d8b52058fb8db495d49596f7)) +* Deprecated using `.joins`, `.preload` and `.eager_load` with associations + that depends on the instance state (i.e. those defined with a scope that + takes an argument) without replacement. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/ed56e596a0467390011bc9d56d462539776adac1)) -* Deprecated half-baked support for PostgreSQL range values with excluding - beginnings. We currently map PostgreSQL ranges to Ruby ranges. This conversion - is not fully possible because the Ruby range does not support excluded - beginnings. +* Deprecated passing Active Record objects to `.find` or `.exists?`. Call + `#id` on the objects first. + (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d92ae6ccca3bcfd73546d612efaea011270bd270), + [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/d35f0033c7dec2b8d8b52058fb8db495d49596f7)) - The current solution of incrementing the beginning is not correct and is now - deprecated. For subtypes where we don't know how to increment (e.g. `#succ` - is not defined) it will raise an `ArgumentError` for ranges with excluding - beginnings. +* Deprecated half-baked support for PostgreSQL range values with excluding + beginnings. We currently map PostgreSQL ranges to Ruby ranges. This conversion + is not fully possible because the Ruby range does not support excluded + beginnings. - ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/91949e48cf41af9f3e4ffba3e5eecf9b0a08bfc3)) + The current solution of incrementing the beginning is not correct + and is now deprecated. For subtypes where we don't know how to increment + (e.g. `#succ` is not defined) it will raise an `ArgumentError` for ranges + with excluding beginnings. + + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/91949e48cf41af9f3e4ffba3e5eecf9b0a08bfc3)) ### Notable changes -* Added support for `#pretty_print` in `ActiveRecord::Base` objects. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15172)) +* The PostgreSQL adapter now supports the `JSONB` datatype in PostgreSQL 9.4+. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16220)) + +* The `#references` method in migrations now supports a `type` option for + specifying the type of the foreign key (e.g. `:uuid`). + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16231)) + +* Added a `:required` option to singular associations, which defines a + presence validation on the association. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16056)) + +* Introduced `ActiveRecord::Base#validate!` that raises `RecordInvalid` if the + record is invalid. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/8639)) + +* `ActiveRecord::Base#reload` now behaves the same as `m = Model.find(m.id)`, + meaning that it no longer retains the extra attributes from custom + `select`s. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15866)) + +* Introduced the `bin/rake db:purge` task to empty the database for the + current environment. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/e2f232aba15937a4b9d14bd91e0392c6d55be58d)) + +* `ActiveRecord::Dirty` now detects in-place changes to mutable values. + Serialized attributes on ActiveRecord models will no longer save when + unchanged. This also works with other types such as string columns and json + columns on PostgreSQL. + (Pull Requests [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15674), + [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15786), + [3](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15788)) + +* Added support for `#pretty_print` in `ActiveRecord::Base` objects. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15172)) + +* PostgreSQL and SQLite adapters no longer add a default limit of 255 + characters on string columns. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14579)) -* PostgreSQL and SQLite adapters no longer add a default limit of 255 characters - on string columns. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14579)) +* `sqlite3:///some/path` now resolves to the absolute system path + `/some/path`. For relative paths, use `sqlite3:some/path` instead. + (Previously, `sqlite3:///some/path` resolved to the relative path + `some/path`. This behaviour was deprecated on Rails 4.1). + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14569)) -* `sqlite3:///some/path` now resolves to the absolute system path `/some/path`. - For relative paths, use `sqlite3:some/path` instead. (Previously, `sqlite3:///some/path` - resolved to the relative path `some/path`. This behaviour was deprecated on - Rails 4.1.) - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14569)) +* Introduced `#validate` as an alias for `#valid?`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14456)) -* Introduced `#validate` as an alias for `#valid?`. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14456)) +* `#touch` now accepts multiple attributes to be touched at once. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14423)) -* `#touch` now accepts multiple attributes to be touched at once. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14423)) +* Added support for fractional seconds for MySQL 5.6 and above. + (Pull Request [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/8240), + [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14359)) -* Added support for fractional seconds for MySQL 5.6 and above. - (Pull Request [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/8240), [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14359)) +* Added support for the `citext` column type in PostgreSQL adapter. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/12523)) -* Added support for the `citext` column type in PostgreSQL adapter. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/12523)) +* Added support for user-created range types in PostgreSQL adapter. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/4cb47167e747e8f9dc12b0ddaf82bdb68c03e032)) -* Added support for user-created range types in PostgreSQL adapter. - ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/4cb47167e747e8f9dc12b0ddaf82bdb68c03e032)) Active Model ------------ -Please refer to the -[Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activemodel/CHANGELOG.md) -for detailed changes. +Please refer to the [Changelog][active-model] for detailed changes. + +### Removals + +* Removed deprecated `Validator#setup` without replacement. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/10716)) + +### Deprecations + +* Deprecated `reset_#{attribute}` in favor of `restore_#{attribute}`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16180)) + +* Deprecated `ActiveModel::Dirty#reset_changes` in favor of + `#clear_changes_information`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16180)) ### Notable changes -* Introduced `#validate` as an alias for `#valid?`. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14456)) +* Introduced the `restore_attributes` method in `ActiveModel::Dirty` to restore + the changed (dirty) attributes to their previous values. + (Pull Request [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14861), + [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16180)) + +* `has_secure_password` no longer disallows blank passwords (i.e. passwords + that contains only spaces) by default. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16412)) + +* `has_secure_password` now verifies that the given password is less than 72 + characters if validations are enabled. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15708)) + +* Introduced `#validate` as an alias for `#valid?`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14456)) Active Support -------------- -Please refer to the -[Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md) -for detailed changes. +Please refer to the [Changelog][active-support] for detailed changes. ### Removals -* Removed deprecated `Numeric#ago`, `Numeric#until`, `Numeric#since`, - `Numeric#from_now`. ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f1eddea1e3f6faf93581c43651348f48b2b7d8bb)) +* Removed deprecated `Numeric#ago`, `Numeric#until`, `Numeric#since`, + `Numeric#from_now`. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/f1eddea1e3f6faf93581c43651348f48b2b7d8bb)) -* Removed deprecated string based terminators for `ActiveSupport::Callbacks`. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15100)) +* Removed deprecated string based terminators for `ActiveSupport::Callbacks`. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15100)) ### Deprecations -* Deprecated `Class#superclass_delegating_accessor`, use `Class#class_attribute` - instead. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14271)) +* Deprecated `Kernel#silence_stderr`, `Kernel#capture` and `Kernel#quietly` + without replacement. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/13392)) + +* Deprecated `Class#superclass_delegating_accessor`, use + `Class#class_attribute` instead. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14271)) -* Deprecated `ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend!` as `ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend` - now performs the same function. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14529)) +* Deprecated `ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend!` as + `ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer#prepend` now performs the same function. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/14529)) ### Notable changes -* The `humanize` inflector helper now strips any leading underscores. - ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/daaa21bc7d20f2e4ff451637423a25ff2d5e75c7)) +* Introduced new configuration option `active_support.test_order` for + specifying the order test cases are executed. This option currently defaults + to `:sorted` but will be changed to `:random` in Rails 5.0. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/53e877f7d9291b2bf0b8c425f9e32ef35829f35b)) + +* The `travel_to` test helper now truncates the `usec` component to 0. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/9f6e82ee4783e491c20f5244a613fdeb4024beb5)) + +* Introduced `Object#itself` as an identity function. + (Commit [1](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/702ad710b57bef45b081ebf42e6fa70820fdd810), + [2](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/64d91122222c11ad3918cc8e2e3ebc4b0a03448a)) + +* `Object#with_options` can now be used without an explicit receiver. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16339)) + +* Introduced `String#truncate_words` to truncate a string by a number of words. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/16190)) + +* Added `Hash#transform_values` and `Hash#transform_values!` to simplify a + common pattern where the values of a hash must change, but the keys are left + the same. + ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/15819)) + +* The `humanize` inflector helper now strips any leading underscores. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/daaa21bc7d20f2e4ff451637423a25ff2d5e75c7)) -* Added `SecureRandom::uuid_v3` and `SecureRandom::uuid_v5`. - ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/12016)) +* Introduced `Concern#class_methods` as an alternative to + `module ClassMethods`, as well as `Kernel#concern` to avoid the + `module Foo; extend ActiveSupport::Concern; end` boilerplate. + ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/b16c36e688970df2f96f793a759365b248b582ad)) -* Introduce `Concern#class_methods` as an alternative to `module ClassMethods`, - as well as `Kernel#concern` to avoid the `module Foo; extend ActiveSupport::Concern; end` - boilerplate. ([Commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/b16c36e688970df2f96f793a759365b248b582ad)) Credits ------- See the [full list of contributors to Rails](http://contributors.rubyonrails.org/) for -the many people who spent many hours making Rails, the stable and robust -framework it is. Kudos to all of them. +the many people who spent many hours making Rails the stable and robust +framework it is today. Kudos to all of them. + +[railties]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/railties/CHANGELOG.md +[action-pack]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md +[action-view]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionview/CHANGELOG.md +[action-mailer]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/actionmailer/CHANGELOG.md +[active-record]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md +[active-model]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activemodel/CHANGELOG.md +[active-support]: https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/4-2-stable/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md |