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+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_storage/downloading"
+
+# Image blobs can have variants that are the result of a set of transformations applied to the original.
+# These variants are used to create thumbnails, fixed-size avatars, or any other derivative image from the
+# original.
+#
+# Variants rely on {MiniMagick}[https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick] for the actual transformations
+# of the file, so you must add <tt>gem "mini_magick"</tt> to your Gemfile if you wish to use variants.
+#
+# Note that to create a variant it's necessary to download the entire blob file from the service and load it
+# into memory. The larger the image, the more memory is used. Because of this process, you also want to be
+# considerate about when the variant is actually processed. You shouldn't be processing variants inline in a
+# template, for example. Delay the processing to an on-demand controller, like the one provided in
+# ActiveStorage::VariantsController.
+#
+# To refer to such a delayed on-demand variant, simply link to the variant through the resolved route provided
+# by Active Storage like so:
+#
+# <%= image_tag Current.user.avatar.variant(resize: "100x100") %>
+#
+# This will create a URL for that specific blob with that specific variant, which the ActiveStorage::VariantsController
+# can then produce on-demand.
+#
+# When you do want to actually produce the variant needed, call +processed+. This will check that the variant
+# has already been processed and uploaded to the service, and, if so, just return that. Otherwise it will perform
+# the transformations, upload the variant to the service, and return itself again. Example:
+#
+# avatar.variant(resize: "100x100").processed.service_url
+#
+# This will create and process a variant of the avatar blob that's constrained to a height and width of 100.
+# Then it'll upload said variant to the service according to a derivative key of the blob and the transformations.
+#
+# A list of all possible transformations is available at https://www.imagemagick.org/script/mogrify.php. You can
+# combine as many as you like freely:
+#
+# avatar.variant(resize: "100x100", monochrome: true, flip: "-90")
+class ActiveStorage::Variant
+ include ActiveStorage::Downloading
+
+ WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES = %w( image/png image/jpeg image/jpg image/gif )
+
+ attr_reader :blob, :variation
+ delegate :service, to: :blob
+
+ def initialize(blob, variation_or_variation_key)
+ @blob, @variation = blob, ActiveStorage::Variation.wrap(variation_or_variation_key)
+ end
+
+ # Returns the variant instance itself after it's been processed or an existing processing has been found on the service.
+ def processed
+ process unless processed?
+ self
+ end
+
+ # Returns a combination key of the blob and the variation that together identifies a specific variant.
+ def key
+ "variants/#{blob.key}/#{Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(variation.key)}"
+ end
+
+ # Returns the URL of the variant on the service. This URL is intended to be short-lived for security and not used directly
+ # with users. Instead, the +service_url+ should only be exposed as a redirect from a stable, possibly authenticated URL.
+ # Hiding the +service_url+ behind a redirect also gives you the power to change services without updating all URLs. And
+ # it allows permanent URLs that redirect to the +service_url+ to be cached in the view.
+ #
+ # Use <tt>url_for(variant)</tt> (or the implied form, like +link_to variant+ or +redirect_to variant+) to get the stable URL
+ # for a variant that points to the ActiveStorage::VariantsController, which in turn will use this +service_call+ method
+ # for its redirection.
+ def service_url(expires_in: service.url_expires_in, disposition: :inline)
+ service.url key, expires_in: expires_in, disposition: disposition, filename: filename, content_type: content_type
+ end
+
+ # Returns the receiving variant. Allows ActiveStorage::Variant and ActiveStorage::Preview instances to be used interchangeably.
+ def image
+ self
+ end
+
+ private
+ def processed?
+ service.exist?(key)
+ end
+
+ def process
+ open_image do |image|
+ transform image
+ format image
+ upload image
+ end
+ end
+
+
+ def filename
+ if WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES.include?(blob.content_type)
+ blob.filename
+ else
+ ActiveStorage::Filename.new("#{blob.filename.base}.png")
+ end
+ end
+
+ def content_type
+ blob.content_type.presence_in(WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES) || "image/png"
+ end
+
+
+ def open_image(&block)
+ image = download_image
+
+ begin
+ yield image
+ ensure
+ image.destroy!
+ end
+ end
+
+ def download_image
+ require "mini_magick"
+ MiniMagick::Image.create { |file| download_blob_to(file) }
+ end
+
+ def transform(image)
+ variation.transform(image)
+ end
+
+ def format(image)
+ image.format("PNG") unless WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES.include?(blob.content_type)
+ end
+
+ def upload(image)
+ File.open(image.path, "r") { |file| service.upload(key, file) }
+ end
+end