diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb')
-rw-r--r-- | activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb | 155 |
1 files changed, 44 insertions, 111 deletions
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb index 74f8e30404..416b55f5c5 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb @@ -3,83 +3,24 @@ require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access' module ActiveRecord module FinderMethods - # Find operates with four different retrieval approaches: - # - # * Find by id - This can either be a specific id (1), a list of ids (1, 5, 6), or an array of ids ([5, 6, 10]). - # If no record can be found for all of the listed ids, then RecordNotFound will be raised. - # * Find first - This will return the first record matched by the options used. These options can either be specific - # conditions or merely an order. If no record can be matched, +nil+ is returned. Use - # <tt>Model.find(:first, *args)</tt> or its shortcut <tt>Model.first(*args)</tt>. - # * Find last - This will return the last record matched by the options used. These options can either be specific - # conditions or merely an order. If no record can be matched, +nil+ is returned. Use - # <tt>Model.find(:last, *args)</tt> or its shortcut <tt>Model.last(*args)</tt>. - # * Find all - This will return all the records matched by the options used. - # If no records are found, an empty array is returned. Use - # <tt>Model.find(:all, *args)</tt> or its shortcut <tt>Model.all(*args)</tt>. - # - # All approaches accept an options hash as their last parameter. - # - # ==== Options - # - # * <tt>:conditions</tt> - An SQL fragment like "administrator = 1", <tt>["user_name = ?", username]</tt>, - # or <tt>["user_name = :user_name", { :user_name => user_name }]</tt>. See conditions in the intro. - # * <tt>:order</tt> - An SQL fragment like "created_at DESC, name". - # * <tt>:group</tt> - An attribute name by which the result should be grouped. Uses the <tt>GROUP BY</tt> SQL-clause. - # * <tt>:having</tt> - Combined with +:group+ this can be used to filter the records that a - # <tt>GROUP BY</tt> returns. Uses the <tt>HAVING</tt> SQL-clause. - # * <tt>:limit</tt> - An integer determining the limit on the number of rows that should be returned. - # * <tt>:offset</tt> - An integer determining the offset from where the rows should be fetched. So at 5, - # it would skip rows 0 through 4. - # * <tt>:joins</tt> - Either an SQL fragment for additional joins like "LEFT JOIN comments ON comments.post_id = id" (rarely needed), - # named associations in the same form used for the <tt>:include</tt> option, which will perform an - # <tt>INNER JOIN</tt> on the associated table(s), - # or an array containing a mixture of both strings and named associations. - # If the value is a string, then the records will be returned read-only since they will - # have attributes that do not correspond to the table's columns. - # Pass <tt>:readonly => false</tt> to override. - # * <tt>:include</tt> - Names associations that should be loaded alongside. The symbols named refer - # to already defined associations. See eager loading under Associations. - # * <tt>:select</tt> - By default, this is "*" as in "SELECT * FROM", but can be changed if you, - # for example, want to do a join but not include the joined columns. Takes a string with the SELECT SQL fragment (e.g. "id, name"). - # * <tt>:from</tt> - By default, this is the table name of the class, but can be changed - # to an alternate table name (or even the name of a database view). - # * <tt>:readonly</tt> - Mark the returned records read-only so they cannot be saved or updated. - # * <tt>:lock</tt> - An SQL fragment like "FOR UPDATE" or "LOCK IN SHARE MODE". - # <tt>:lock => true</tt> gives connection's default exclusive lock, usually "FOR UPDATE". + # Find by id - This can either be a specific id (1), a list of ids (1, 5, 6), or an array of ids ([5, 6, 10]). + # If no record can be found for all of the listed ids, then RecordNotFound will be raised. If the primary key + # is an integer, find by id coerces its arguments using +to_i+. # # ==== Examples # - # # find by id # Person.find(1) # returns the object for ID = 1 + # Person.find("1") # returns the object for ID = 1 # Person.find(1, 2, 6) # returns an array for objects with IDs in (1, 2, 6) # Person.find([7, 17]) # returns an array for objects with IDs in (7, 17) # Person.find([1]) # returns an array for the object with ID = 1 # Person.where("administrator = 1").order("created_on DESC").find(1) # # Note that returned records may not be in the same order as the ids you - # provide since database rows are unordered. Give an explicit <tt>:order</tt> + # provide since database rows are unordered. Give an explicit <tt>order</tt> # to ensure the results are sorted. # - # ==== Examples - # - # # find first - # Person.first # returns the first object fetched by SELECT * FROM people - # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).first - # Person.where(["user_name = :u", { :u => user_name }]).first - # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).first - # - # # find last - # Person.last # returns the last object fetched by SELECT * FROM people - # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).last - # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).last - # - # # find all - # Person.all # returns an array of objects for all the rows fetched by SELECT * FROM people - # Person.where(["category IN (?)", categories]).limit(50).all - # Person.where({ :friends => ["Bob", "Steve", "Fred"] }).all - # Person.offset(10).limit(10).all - # Person.includes([:account, :friends]).all - # Person.group("category").all + # ==== Find with lock # # Example for find with a lock: Imagine two concurrent transactions: # each will read <tt>person.visits == 2</tt>, add 1 to it, and save, resulting @@ -93,19 +34,10 @@ module ActiveRecord # person.save! # end def find(*args) - return to_a.find { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) } if block_given? - - options = args.extract_options! - - if options.present? - apply_finder_options(options).find(*args) + if block_given? + to_a.find { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) } else - case args.first - when :first, :last, :all - send(args.first) - else - find_with_ids(*args) - end + find_with_ids(*args) end end @@ -128,18 +60,14 @@ module ActiveRecord where(*args).first! end - # A convenience wrapper for <tt>find(:first, *args)</tt>. You can pass in all the - # same arguments to this method as you can to <tt>find(:first)</tt>. - def first(*args) - if args.any? - if args.first.kind_of?(Integer) || (loaded? && !args.first.kind_of?(Hash)) - limit(*args).to_a - else - apply_finder_options(args.first).first - end - else - find_first - end + # Examples: + # + # Person.first # returns the first object fetched by SELECT * FROM people + # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).first + # Person.where(["user_name = :u", { :u => user_name }]).first + # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).first + def first(limit = nil) + limit ? limit(limit).to_a : find_first end # Same as +first+ but raises <tt>ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound</tt> if no record @@ -148,18 +76,17 @@ module ActiveRecord first or raise RecordNotFound end - # A convenience wrapper for <tt>find(:last, *args)</tt>. You can pass in all the - # same arguments to this method as you can to <tt>find(:last)</tt>. - def last(*args) - if args.any? - if args.first.kind_of?(Integer) || (loaded? && !args.first.kind_of?(Hash)) - if order_values.empty? - order("#{primary_key} DESC").limit(*args).reverse - else - to_a.last(*args) - end + # Examples: + # + # Person.last # returns the last object fetched by SELECT * FROM people + # Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).last + # Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).last + def last(limit = nil) + if limit + if order_values.empty? + order("#{primary_key} DESC").limit(limit).reverse else - apply_finder_options(args.first).last + to_a.last(limit) end else find_last @@ -172,10 +99,16 @@ module ActiveRecord last or raise RecordNotFound end - # A convenience wrapper for <tt>find(:all, *args)</tt>. You can pass in all the - # same arguments to this method as you can to <tt>find(:all)</tt>. - def all(*args) - args.any? ? apply_finder_options(args.first).to_a : to_a + # Examples: + # + # Person.all # returns an array of objects for all the rows fetched by SELECT * FROM people + # Person.where(["category IN (?)", categories]).limit(50).all + # Person.where({ :friends => ["Bob", "Steve", "Fred"] }).all + # Person.offset(10).limit(10).all + # Person.includes([:account, :friends]).all + # Person.group("category").all + def all + to_a end # Returns true if a record exists in the table that matches the +id+ or @@ -234,12 +167,12 @@ module ActiveRecord end def construct_join_dependency_for_association_find - including = (@eager_load_values + @includes_values).uniq + including = (eager_load_values + includes_values).uniq ActiveRecord::Associations::JoinDependency.new(@klass, including, []) end def construct_relation_for_association_calculations - including = (@eager_load_values + @includes_values).uniq + including = (eager_load_values + includes_values).uniq join_dependency = ActiveRecord::Associations::JoinDependency.new(@klass, including, arel.froms.first) relation = except(:includes, :eager_load, :preload) apply_join_dependency(relation, join_dependency) @@ -338,7 +271,7 @@ module ActiveRecord id = id.id if ActiveRecord::Base === id column = columns_hash[primary_key] - substitute = connection.substitute_at(column, @bind_values.length) + substitute = connection.substitute_at(column, bind_values.length) relation = where(table[primary_key].eq(substitute)) relation.bind_values += [[column, id]] record = relation.first @@ -356,15 +289,15 @@ module ActiveRecord result = where(table[primary_key].in(ids)).all expected_size = - if @limit_value && ids.size > @limit_value - @limit_value + if limit_value && ids.size > limit_value + limit_value else ids.size end # 11 ids with limit 3, offset 9 should give 2 results. - if @offset_value && (ids.size - @offset_value < expected_size) - expected_size = ids.size - @offset_value + if offset_value && (ids.size - offset_value < expected_size) + expected_size = ids.size - offset_value end if result.size == expected_size |