159 files changed, 2120 insertions, 1828 deletions

diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb
index d03f4cb231..100a0be1db 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller.rb
@@ -31,86 +31,59 @@ rescue LoadError
   end
 end
 
-begin
-  gem 'rack', '~> 1.0.0'
-  require 'rack'
-rescue Gem::LoadError
-  require 'action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack'
-end
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "action_pack")
 
 module ActionController
   # TODO: Review explicit to see if they will automatically be handled by
   # the initilizer if they are really needed.
   def self.load_all!
-    [Base, CGIHandler, CgiRequest, Request, Response, Http::Headers, UrlRewriter, UrlWriter]
+    [Base, Request, Response, UrlRewriter, UrlWriter]
+    [ActionDispatch::Http::Headers]
   end
 
-  autoload :AbstractRequest, 'action_controller/request'
-  autoload :Base, 'action_controller/base'
-  autoload :Benchmarking, 'action_controller/benchmarking'
+  autoload :Base, 'action_controller/base/base'
+  autoload :Benchmarking, 'action_controller/base/chained/benchmarking'
   autoload :Caching, 'action_controller/caching'
-  autoload :Cookies, 'action_controller/cookies'
-  autoload :Dispatcher, 'action_controller/dispatcher'
-  autoload :Failsafe, 'action_controller/failsafe'
-  autoload :Filters, 'action_controller/filters'
-  autoload :Flash, 'action_controller/flash'
-  autoload :Helpers, 'action_controller/helpers'
-  autoload :HttpAuthentication, 'action_controller/http_authentication'
-  autoload :Integration, 'action_controller/integration'
-  autoload :IntegrationTest, 'action_controller/integration'
-  autoload :Layout, 'action_controller/layout'
-  autoload :MiddlewareStack, 'action_controller/middleware_stack'
-  autoload :MimeResponds, 'action_controller/mime_responds'
-  autoload :ParamsParser, 'action_controller/params_parser'
-  autoload :PolymorphicRoutes, 'action_controller/polymorphic_routes'
+  autoload :Cookies, 'action_controller/base/cookies'
+  autoload :Dispatcher, 'action_controller/dispatch/dispatcher'
+  autoload :Filters, 'action_controller/base/chained/filters'
+  autoload :Flash, 'action_controller/base/chained/flash'
+  autoload :Helpers, 'action_controller/base/helpers'
+  autoload :HttpAuthentication, 'action_controller/base/http_authentication'
+  autoload :Integration, 'action_controller/testing/integration'
+  autoload :IntegrationTest, 'action_controller/testing/integration'
+  autoload :Layout, 'action_controller/base/layout'
+  autoload :MimeResponds, 'action_controller/base/mime_responds'
+  autoload :PolymorphicRoutes, 'action_controller/routing/generation/polymorphic_routes'
   autoload :RecordIdentifier, 'action_controller/record_identifier'
-  autoload :Reloader, 'action_controller/reloader'
-  autoload :Request, 'action_controller/request'
-  autoload :RequestForgeryProtection, 'action_controller/request_forgery_protection'
-  autoload :Rescue, 'action_controller/rescue'
-  autoload :Resources, 'action_controller/resources'
-  autoload :Response, 'action_controller/response'
-  autoload :RewindableInput, 'action_controller/rewindable_input'
+  autoload :Redirector, 'action_controller/base/redirect'
+  autoload :Renderer, 'action_controller/base/render'
+  autoload :RequestForgeryProtection, 'action_controller/base/request_forgery_protection'
+  autoload :Rescue, 'action_controller/dispatch/rescue'
+  autoload :Resources, 'action_controller/routing/resources'
+  autoload :Responder, 'action_controller/base/responder'
   autoload :Routing, 'action_controller/routing'
-  autoload :SessionManagement, 'action_controller/session_management'
-  autoload :StatusCodes, 'action_controller/status_codes'
-  autoload :Streaming, 'action_controller/streaming'
-  autoload :TestCase, 'action_controller/test_case'
-  autoload :TestProcess, 'action_controller/test_process'
+  autoload :SessionManagement, 'action_controller/base/session_management'
+  autoload :Streaming, 'action_controller/base/streaming'
+  autoload :TestCase, 'action_controller/testing/test_case'
+  autoload :TestProcess, 'action_controller/testing/process'
   autoload :Translation, 'action_controller/translation'
-  autoload :UploadedFile, 'action_controller/uploaded_file'
-  autoload :UploadedStringIO, 'action_controller/uploaded_file'
-  autoload :UploadedTempfile, 'action_controller/uploaded_file'
-  autoload :UrlRewriter, 'action_controller/url_rewriter'
-  autoload :UrlWriter, 'action_controller/url_rewriter'
-  autoload :Verification, 'action_controller/verification'
+  autoload :UrlEncodedPairParser, 'action_controller/dispatch/url_encoded_pair_parser'
+  autoload :UrlRewriter, 'action_controller/routing/generation/url_rewriter'
+  autoload :UrlWriter, 'action_controller/routing/generation/url_rewriter'
+  autoload :Verification, 'action_controller/base/verification'
 
   module Assertions
-    autoload :DomAssertions, 'action_controller/assertions/dom_assertions'
-    autoload :ModelAssertions, 'action_controller/assertions/model_assertions'
-    autoload :ResponseAssertions, 'action_controller/assertions/response_assertions'
-    autoload :RoutingAssertions, 'action_controller/assertions/routing_assertions'
-    autoload :SelectorAssertions, 'action_controller/assertions/selector_assertions'
-    autoload :TagAssertions, 'action_controller/assertions/tag_assertions'
-  end
-
-  module Http
-    autoload :Headers, 'action_controller/headers'
+    autoload :DomAssertions, 'action_controller/testing/assertions/dom'
+    autoload :ModelAssertions, 'action_controller/testing/assertions/model'
+    autoload :ResponseAssertions, 'action_controller/testing/assertions/response'
+    autoload :RoutingAssertions, 'action_controller/testing/assertions/routing'
+    autoload :SelectorAssertions, 'action_controller/testing/assertions/selector'
+    autoload :TagAssertions, 'action_controller/testing/assertions/tag'
   end
-
-  module Session
-    autoload :AbstractStore, 'action_controller/session/abstract_store'
-    autoload :CookieStore, 'action_controller/session/cookie_store'
-    autoload :MemCacheStore, 'action_controller/session/mem_cache_store'
-  end
-
-  # DEPRECATE: Remove CGI support
-  autoload :CgiRequest, 'action_controller/cgi_process'
-  autoload :CGIHandler, 'action_controller/cgi_process'
 end
 
-autoload :Mime, 'action_controller/mime_type'
-
 autoload :HTML, 'action_controller/vendor/html-scanner'
 
+require 'action_dispatch'
 require 'action_view'
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f5c4a185f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module AbstractController
+  autoload :Base,           "action_controller/abstract/base"
+  autoload :Callbacks,      "action_controller/abstract/callbacks"
+  autoload :Helpers,        "action_controller/abstract/helpers"
+  autoload :Layouts,        "action_controller/abstract/layouts"
+  autoload :Logger,         "action_controller/abstract/logger"
+  autoload :Renderer,       "action_controller/abstract/renderer"
+  # === Exceptions
+  autoload :ActionNotFound, "action_controller/abstract/exceptions"
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ade7719cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+module AbstractController
+  class Base
+    
+    attr_internal :response_body
+    attr_internal :response_obj
+    attr_internal :action_name
+    
+    def self.process(action)
+      new.process(action)
+    end
+    
+    def self.inherited(klass)
+    end
+    
+    def initialize
+      self.response_obj = {}
+    end
+    
+    def process(action_name)
+      unless respond_to_action?(action_name)
+        raise ActionNotFound, "The action '#{action_name}' could not be found"
+      end
+      
+      @_action_name = action_name
+      process_action
+      self.response_obj[:body] = self.response_body
+      self
+    end
+    
+  private
+  
+    def process_action
+      respond_to?(action_name) ? send(action_name) : send(:action_missing, action_name)
+    end
+    
+    def respond_to_action?(action_name)
+      respond_to?(action_name) || respond_to?(:action_missing, true)
+    end
+    
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/callbacks.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/callbacks.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c8b509081c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/callbacks.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+module AbstractController
+  module Callbacks
+    setup do
+      include ActiveSupport::NewCallbacks
+      define_callbacks :process_action      
+    end
+    
+    def process_action
+      _run_process_action_callbacks(action_name) do
+        super
+      end
+    end
+    
+    module ClassMethods
+      def _normalize_callback_options(options)
+        if only = options[:only]
+          only = Array(only).map {|o| "action_name == :#{o}"}.join(" || ")
+          options[:per_key] = {:if => only}
+        end
+        if except = options[:except]
+          except = Array(except).map {|e| "action_name == :#{e}"}.join(" || ")          
+          options[:per_key] = {:unless => except}
+        end
+      end
+      
+      [:before, :after, :around].each do |filter|
+        class_eval <<-RUBY_EVAL, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+          def #{filter}_filter(*names, &blk)
+            options = names.last.is_a?(Hash) ? names.pop : {}
+            _normalize_callback_options(options)
+            names.push(blk) if block_given?
+            names.each do |name|
+              process_action_callback(:#{filter}, name, options)
+            end
+          end
+        RUBY_EVAL
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/exceptions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/exceptions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec4680629b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/exceptions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module AbstractController
+  class ActionNotFound < StandardError ; end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/helpers.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f0b38417b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/helpers.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+module AbstractController
+  module Helpers
+    depends_on Renderer
+    
+    setup do
+      extlib_inheritable_accessor :master_helper_module
+      self.master_helper_module = Module.new
+    end
+  
+    # def self.included(klass)
+    #   klass.class_eval do
+    #     extlib_inheritable_accessor :master_helper_module
+    #     self.master_helper_module = Module.new
+    #   end
+    # end
+    
+    def _action_view
+      @_action_view ||= begin
+        av = super
+        av.helpers.send(:include, master_helper_module)
+        av
+      end
+    end
+    
+    module ClassMethods
+      def inherited(klass)
+        klass.master_helper_module = Module.new
+        klass.master_helper_module.__send__ :include, master_helper_module
+        
+        super
+      end
+      
+      def add_template_helper(mod)
+        master_helper_module.module_eval { include mod }
+      end
+      
+      def helper_method(*meths)
+        meths.flatten.each do |meth|
+          master_helper_module.class_eval <<-ruby_eval, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+            def #{meth}(*args, &blk)
+              controller.send(%(#{meth}), *args, &blk)
+            end
+          ruby_eval
+        end
+      end
+      
+      def helper(*args, &blk)
+        args.flatten.each do |arg|
+          case arg
+          when Module
+            add_template_helper(arg)
+          end
+        end
+        master_helper_module.module_eval(&blk) if block_given?
+      end
+    end
+    
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/layouts.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/layouts.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..478b301a26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/layouts.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+module AbstractController
+  module Layouts
+    
+    depends_on Renderer
+        
+    module ClassMethods
+      def layout(layout)
+        unless [String, Symbol, FalseClass, NilClass].include?(layout.class)
+          raise ArgumentError, "Layouts must be specified as a String, Symbol, false, or nil"
+        end
+        
+        @_layout = layout || false # Converts nil to false
+        _write_layout_method
+      end
+      
+      def _implied_layout_name
+        name.underscore
+      end
+      
+      # Takes the specified layout and creates a _layout method to be called
+      # by _default_layout
+      # 
+      # If the specified layout is a:
+      # String:: return the string
+      # Symbol:: call the method specified by the symbol
+      # false::  return nil
+      # none::   If a layout is found in the view paths with the controller's
+      #          name, return that string. Otherwise, use the superclass'
+      #          layout (which might also be implied)
+      def _write_layout_method
+        case @_layout
+        when String
+          self.class_eval %{def _layout() #{@_layout.inspect} end}
+        when Symbol
+          self.class_eval %{def _layout() #{@_layout} end}
+        when false
+          self.class_eval %{def _layout() end}
+        else
+          self.class_eval %{
+            def _layout
+              if view_paths.find_by_parts?("#{_implied_layout_name}", formats, "layouts")
+                "#{_implied_layout_name}"
+              else
+                super
+              end
+            end
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def _render_template(template, options)
+      _action_view._render_template_with_layout(template, options[:_layout])
+    end
+        
+  private
+  
+    def _layout() end # This will be overwritten
+    
+    def _layout_for_name(name)
+      unless [String, FalseClass, NilClass].include?(name.class)
+        raise ArgumentError, "String, false, or nil expected; you passed #{name.inspect}"
+      end
+      
+      name && view_paths.find_by_parts(name, formats, "layouts")
+    end
+    
+    def _default_layout(require_layout = false)
+      if require_layout && !_layout
+        raise ArgumentError, 
+          "There was no default layout for #{self.class} in #{view_paths.inspect}"
+      end
+        
+      begin
+        layout = _layout_for_name(_layout)
+      rescue NameError => e
+        raise NoMethodError, 
+          "You specified #{@_layout.inspect} as the layout, but no such method was found"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/logger.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/logger.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4117369bd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/logger.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module AbstractController
+  module Logger
+    setup do
+      cattr_accessor :logger
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/renderer.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/renderer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb248652a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/abstract/renderer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+require "action_controller/abstract/logger"
+
+module AbstractController
+  module Renderer
+    depends_on AbstractController::Logger
+    
+    setup do
+      attr_internal :formats
+      
+      extlib_inheritable_accessor :_view_paths
+      
+      self._view_paths ||= ActionView::PathSet.new
+    end
+        
+    def _action_view
+      @_action_view ||= ActionView::Base.new(self.class.view_paths, {}, self)      
+    end
+        
+    def render(options = {})
+      self.response_body = render_to_body(options)
+    end
+    
+    # Raw rendering of a template.
+    # ====
+    # @option _prefix<String> The template's path prefix
+    # @option _layout<String> The relative path to the layout template to use
+    # 
+    # :api: plugin
+    def render_to_body(options = {})
+      name = options[:_template_name] || action_name
+      
+      template = options[:_template] || view_paths.find_by_parts(name.to_s, formats, options[:_prefix])
+      _render_template(template, options)
+    end
+
+    def _render_template(template, options)
+      _action_view._render_template_with_layout(template)
+    end
+    
+    def view_paths() _view_paths end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      
+      def append_view_path(path)
+        self.view_paths << path
+      end
+      
+      def view_paths
+        self._view_paths
+      end
+      
+      def view_paths=(paths)
+        self._view_paths = paths.is_a?(ActionView::PathSet) ?
+                            paths : ActionView::Base.process_view_paths(paths)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/base.rb
index c6dd99e959..3000b3d12f 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/base.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+require 'action_controller/deprecated'
 require 'set'
 
 module ActionController #:nodoc:
@@ -58,22 +59,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     end
   end
 
-  class DoubleRenderError < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
-    DEFAULT_MESSAGE = "Render and/or redirect were called multiple times in this action. Please note that you may only call render OR redirect, and at most once per action. Also note that neither redirect nor render terminate execution of the action, so if you want to exit an action after redirecting, you need to do something like \"redirect_to(...) and return\"."
-
-    def initialize(message = nil)
-      super(message || DEFAULT_MESSAGE)
-    end
-  end
-
-  class RedirectBackError < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
-    DEFAULT_MESSAGE = 'No HTTP_REFERER was set in the request to this action, so redirect_to :back could not be called successfully. If this is a test, make sure to specify request.env["HTTP_REFERER"].'
-
-    def initialize(message = nil)
-      super(message || DEFAULT_MESSAGE)
-    end
-  end
-
   class UnknownHttpMethod < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
   end
 
@@ -247,9 +232,8 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
   #   end
   #
   class Base
-    DEFAULT_RENDER_STATUS_CODE = "200 OK"
 
-    include StatusCodes
+    include ActionDispatch::StatusCodes
 
     cattr_reader :protected_instance_variables
     # Controller specific instance variables which will not be accessible inside views.
@@ -301,7 +285,10 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     # A YAML parser is also available and can be turned on with:
     #
     #   ActionController::Base.param_parsers[Mime::YAML] = :yaml
-    @@param_parsers = {}
+    @@param_parsers = { Mime::MULTIPART_FORM   => :multipart_form,
+                        Mime::URL_ENCODED_FORM => :url_encoded_form,
+                        Mime::XML              => :xml_simple,
+                        Mime::JSON             => :json }
     cattr_accessor :param_parsers
 
     # Controls the default charset for all renders.
@@ -381,8 +368,8 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     class << self
       def call(env)
         # HACK: For global rescue to have access to the original request and response
-        request = env["action_controller.rescue.request"] ||= Request.new(env)
-        response = env["action_controller.rescue.response"] ||= Response.new
+        request = env["action_controller.rescue.request"] ||= ActionDispatch::Request.new(env)
+        response = env["action_controller.rescue.response"] ||= ActionDispatch::Response.new
         process(request, response)
       end
 
@@ -408,7 +395,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
       # Return an array containing the names of public methods that have been marked hidden from the action processor.
       # By default, all methods defined in ActionController::Base and included modules are hidden.
-      # More methods can be hidden using <tt>hide_actions</tt>.
+      # More methods can be hidden using <tt>hide_action</tt>.
       def hidden_actions
         read_inheritable_attribute(:hidden_actions) || write_inheritable_attribute(:hidden_actions, [])
       end
@@ -514,8 +501,8 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       def process(request, response, method = :perform_action, *arguments) #:nodoc:
         response.request = request
 
-        initialize_template_class(response)
         assign_shortcuts(request, response)
+        initialize_template_class(response)
         initialize_current_url
         assign_names
 
@@ -678,371 +665,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         @template.view_paths.push(*path)
       end
 
-    protected
-      # Renders the content that will be returned to the browser as the response body.
-      #
-      # === Rendering an action
-      #
-      # Action rendering is the most common form and the type used automatically by Action Controller when nothing else is
-      # specified. By default, actions are rendered within the current layout (if one exists).
-      #
-      #   # Renders the template for the action "goal" within the current controller
-      #   render :action => "goal"
-      #
-      #   # Renders the template for the action "short_goal" within the current controller,
-      #   # but without the current active layout
-      #   render :action => "short_goal", :layout => false
-      #
-      #   # Renders the template for the action "long_goal" within the current controller,
-      #   # but with a custom layout
-      #   render :action => "long_goal", :layout => "spectacular"
-      #
-      # === Rendering partials
-      #
-      # Partial rendering in a controller is most commonly used together with Ajax calls that only update one or a few elements on a page
-      # without reloading. Rendering of partials from the controller makes it possible to use the same partial template in
-      # both the full-page rendering (by calling it from within the template) and when sub-page updates happen (from the
-      # controller action responding to Ajax calls). By default, the current layout is not used.
-      #
-      #   # Renders the same partial with a local variable.
-      #   render :partial => "person", :locals => { :name => "david" }
-      #
-      #   # Renders the partial, making @new_person available through
-      #   # the local variable 'person'
-      #   render :partial => "person", :object => @new_person
-      #
-      #   # Renders a collection of the same partial by making each element
-      #   # of @winners available through the local variable "person" as it
-      #   # builds the complete response.
-      #   render :partial => "person", :collection => @winners
-      #
-      #   # Renders a collection of partials but with a custom local variable name
-      #   render :partial => "admin_person", :collection => @winners, :as => :person
-      #
-      #   # Renders the same collection of partials, but also renders the
-      #   # person_divider partial between each person partial.
-      #   render :partial => "person", :collection => @winners, :spacer_template => "person_divider"
-      #
-      #   # Renders a collection of partials located in a view subfolder
-      #   # outside of our current controller.  In this example we will be
-      #   # rendering app/views/shared/_note.r(html|xml)  Inside the partial
-      #   # each element of @new_notes is available as the local var "note".
-      #   render :partial => "shared/note", :collection => @new_notes
-      #
-      #   # Renders the partial with a status code of 500 (internal error).
-      #   render :partial => "broken", :status => 500
-      #
-      # Note that the partial filename must also be a valid Ruby variable name,
-      # so e.g. 2005 and register-user are invalid.
-      #
-      #
-      # == Automatic etagging
-      #
-      # Rendering will automatically insert the etag header on 200 OK responses. The etag is calculated using MD5 of the
-      # response body. If a request comes in that has a matching etag, the response will be changed to a 304 Not Modified
-      # and the response body will be set to an empty string. No etag header will be inserted if it's already set.
-      #
-      # === Rendering a template
-      #
-      # Template rendering works just like action rendering except that it takes a path relative to the template root.
-      # The current layout is automatically applied.
-      #
-      #   # Renders the template located in [TEMPLATE_ROOT]/weblog/show.r(html|xml) (in Rails, app/views/weblog/show.erb)
-      #   render :template => "weblog/show"
-      #
-      #   # Renders the template with a local variable
-      #   render :template => "weblog/show", :locals => {:customer => Customer.new}
-      #
-      # === Rendering a file
-      #
-      # File rendering works just like action rendering except that it takes a filesystem path. By default, the path
-      # is assumed to be absolute, and the current layout is not applied.
-      #
-      #   # Renders the template located at the absolute filesystem path
-      #   render :file => "/path/to/some/template.erb"
-      #   render :file => "c:/path/to/some/template.erb"
-      #
-      #   # Renders a template within the current layout, and with a 404 status code
-      #   render :file => "/path/to/some/template.erb", :layout => true, :status => 404
-      #   render :file => "c:/path/to/some/template.erb", :layout => true, :status => 404
-      #
-      # === Rendering text
-      #
-      # Rendering of text is usually used for tests or for rendering prepared content, such as a cache. By default, text
-      # rendering is not done within the active layout.
-      #
-      #   # Renders the clear text "hello world" with status code 200
-      #   render :text => "hello world!"
-      #
-      #   # Renders the clear text "Explosion!"  with status code 500
-      #   render :text => "Explosion!", :status => 500
-      #
-      #   # Renders the clear text "Hi there!" within the current active layout (if one exists)
-      #   render :text => "Hi there!", :layout => true
-      #
-      #   # Renders the clear text "Hi there!" within the layout
-      #   # placed in "app/views/layouts/special.r(html|xml)"
-      #   render :text => "Hi there!", :layout => "special"
-      #
-      # === Streaming data and/or controlling the page generation
-      #
-      # The <tt>:text</tt> option can also accept a Proc object, which can be used to:
-      #
-      # 1. stream on-the-fly generated data to the browser. Note that you should
-      #    use the methods provided by ActionController::Steaming instead if you
-      #    want to stream a buffer or a file.
-      # 2. manually control the page generation. This should generally be avoided,
-      #    as it violates the separation between code and content, and because almost
-      #    everything that can be done with this method can also be done more cleanly
-      #    using one of the other rendering methods, most notably templates.
-      #
-      # Two arguments are passed to the proc, a <tt>response</tt> object and an
-      # <tt>output</tt> object. The response object is equivalent to the return
-      # value of the ActionController::Base#response method, and can be used to
-      # control various things in the HTTP response, such as setting the
-      # Content-Type header. The output object is an writable <tt>IO</tt>-like
-      # object, so one can call <tt>write</tt> and <tt>flush</tt> on it.
-      #
-      # The following example demonstrates how one can stream a large amount of
-      # on-the-fly generated data to the browser:
-      #
-      #   # Streams about 180 MB of generated data to the browser.
-      #   render :text => proc { |response, output|
-      #     10_000_000.times do |i|
-      #       output.write("This is line #{i}\n")
-      #       output.flush
-      #     end
-      #   }
-      #
-      # Another example:
-      #
-      #   # Renders "Hello from code!"
-      #   render :text => proc { |response, output| output.write("Hello from code!") }
-      #
-      # === Rendering XML
-      #
-      # Rendering XML sets the content type to application/xml.
-      #
-      #   # Renders '<name>David</name>'
-      #   render :xml => {:name => "David"}.to_xml
-      #
-      # It's not necessary to call <tt>to_xml</tt> on the object you want to render, since <tt>render</tt> will
-      # automatically do that for you:
-      #
-      #   # Also renders '<name>David</name>'
-      #   render :xml => {:name => "David"}
-      #
-      # === Rendering JSON
-      #
-      # Rendering JSON sets the content type to application/json and optionally wraps the JSON in a callback. It is expected
-      # that the response will be parsed (or eval'd) for use as a data structure.
-      #
-      #   # Renders '{"name": "David"}'
-      #   render :json => {:name => "David"}.to_json
-      #
-      # It's not necessary to call <tt>to_json</tt> on the object you want to render, since <tt>render</tt> will
-      # automatically do that for you:
-      #
-      #   # Also renders '{"name": "David"}'
-      #   render :json => {:name => "David"}
-      #
-      # Sometimes the result isn't handled directly by a script (such as when the request comes from a SCRIPT tag),
-      # so the <tt>:callback</tt> option is provided for these cases.
-      #
-      #   # Renders 'show({"name": "David"})'
-      #   render :json => {:name => "David"}.to_json, :callback => 'show'
-      #
-      # === Rendering an inline template
-      #
-      # Rendering of an inline template works as a cross between text and action rendering where the source for the template
-      # is supplied inline, like text, but its interpreted with ERb or Builder, like action. By default, ERb is used for rendering
-      # and the current layout is not used.
-      #
-      #   # Renders "hello, hello, hello, again"
-      #   render :inline => "<%= 'hello, ' * 3 + 'again' %>"
-      #
-      #   # Renders "<p>Good seeing you!</p>" using Builder
-      #   render :inline => "xml.p { 'Good seeing you!' }", :type => :builder
-      #
-      #   # Renders "hello david"
-      #   render :inline => "<%= 'hello ' + name %>", :locals => { :name => "david" }
-      #
-      # === Rendering inline JavaScriptGenerator page updates
-      #
-      # In addition to rendering JavaScriptGenerator page updates with Ajax in RJS templates (see ActionView::Base for details),
-      # you can also pass the <tt>:update</tt> parameter to +render+, along with a block, to render page updates inline.
-      #
-      #   render :update do |page|
-      #     page.replace_html  'user_list', :partial => 'user', :collection => @users
-      #     page.visual_effect :highlight, 'user_list'
-      #   end
-      #
-      # === Rendering vanilla JavaScript
-      #
-      # In addition to using RJS with render :update, you can also just render vanilla JavaScript with :js.
-      #
-      #   # Renders "alert('hello')" and sets the mime type to text/javascript
-      #   render :js => "alert('hello')"
-      #
-      # === Rendering with status and location headers
-      # All renders take the <tt>:status</tt> and <tt>:location</tt> options and turn them into headers. They can even be used together:
-      #
-      #   render :xml => post.to_xml, :status => :created, :location => post_url(post)
-      def render(options = nil, extra_options = {}, &block) #:doc:
-        raise DoubleRenderError, "Can only render or redirect once per action" if performed?
-
-        validate_render_arguments(options, extra_options, block_given?)
-
-        if options.nil?
-          options = { :template => default_template, :layout => true }
-        elsif options == :update
-          options = extra_options.merge({ :update => true })
-        elsif options.is_a?(String) || options.is_a?(Symbol)
-          case options.to_s.index('/')
-          when 0
-            extra_options[:file] = options
-          when nil
-            extra_options[:action] = options
-          else
-            extra_options[:template] = options
-          end
-
-          options = extra_options
-        elsif !options.is_a?(Hash)
-          extra_options[:partial] = options
-          options = extra_options
-        end
-
-        layout = pick_layout(options)
-        response.layout = layout.path_without_format_and_extension if layout
-        logger.info("Rendering template within #{layout.path_without_format_and_extension}") if logger && layout
-
-        if content_type = options[:content_type]
-          response.content_type = content_type.to_s
-        end
-
-        if location = options[:location]
-          response.headers["Location"] = url_for(location)
-        end
-
-        if options.has_key?(:text)
-          text = layout ? @template.render(options.merge(:text => options[:text], :layout => layout)) : options[:text]
-          render_for_text(text, options[:status])
-
-        else
-          if file = options[:file]
-            render_for_file(file, options[:status], layout, options[:locals] || {})
-
-          elsif template = options[:template]
-            render_for_file(template, options[:status], layout, options[:locals] || {})
-
-          elsif inline = options[:inline]
-            render_for_text(@template.render(options.merge(:layout => layout)), options[:status])
-
-          elsif action_name = options[:action]
-            render_for_file(default_template(action_name.to_s), options[:status], layout)
-
-          elsif xml = options[:xml]
-            response.content_type ||= Mime::XML
-            render_for_text(xml.respond_to?(:to_xml) ? xml.to_xml : xml, options[:status])
-
-          elsif js = options[:js]
-            response.content_type ||= Mime::JS
-            render_for_text(js, options[:status])
-
-          elsif json = options[:json]
-            json = json.to_json unless json.is_a?(String)
-            json = "#{options[:callback]}(#{json})" unless options[:callback].blank?
-            response.content_type ||= Mime::JSON
-            render_for_text(json, options[:status])
-
-          elsif options[:partial]
-            options[:partial] = default_template_name if options[:partial] == true
-            if layout
-              render_for_text(@template.render(:text => @template.render(options), :layout => layout), options[:status])
-            else
-              render_for_text(@template.render(options), options[:status])
-            end
-
-          elsif options[:update]
-            @template.send(:_evaluate_assigns_and_ivars)
-
-            generator = ActionView::Helpers::PrototypeHelper::JavaScriptGenerator.new(@template, &block)
-            response.content_type = Mime::JS
-            render_for_text(generator.to_s, options[:status])
-
-          elsif options[:nothing]
-            render_for_text(nil, options[:status])
-
-          else
-            render_for_file(default_template, options[:status], layout)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Renders according to the same rules as <tt>render</tt>, but returns the result in a string instead
-      # of sending it as the response body to the browser.
-      def render_to_string(options = nil, &block) #:doc:
-        render(options, &block)
-        response.body
-      ensure
-        response.content_type = nil
-        erase_render_results
-        reset_variables_added_to_assigns
-      end
-
-      # Return a response that has no content (merely headers). The options
-      # argument is interpreted to be a hash of header names and values.
-      # This allows you to easily return a response that consists only of
-      # significant headers:
-      #
-      #   head :created, :location => person_path(@person)
-      #
-      # It can also be used to return exceptional conditions:
-      #
-      #   return head(:method_not_allowed) unless request.post?
-      #   return head(:bad_request) unless valid_request?
-      #   render
-      def head(*args)
-        if args.length > 2
-          raise ArgumentError, "too many arguments to head"
-        elsif args.empty?
-          raise ArgumentError, "too few arguments to head"
-        end
-        options = args.extract_options!
-        status = interpret_status(args.shift || options.delete(:status) || :ok)
-
-        options.each do |key, value|
-          headers[key.to_s.dasherize.split(/-/).map { |v| v.capitalize }.join("-")] = value.to_s
-        end
-
-        render :nothing => true, :status => status
-      end
-
-      # Clears the rendered results, allowing for another render to be performed.
-      def erase_render_results #:nodoc:
-        response.body = []
-        @performed_render = false
-      end
-
-      # Clears the redirected results from the headers, resets the status to 200 and returns
-      # the URL that was used to redirect or nil if there was no redirected URL
-      # Note that +redirect_to+ will change the body of the response to indicate a redirection.
-      # The response body is not reset here, see +erase_render_results+
-      def erase_redirect_results #:nodoc:
-        @performed_redirect = false
-        response.redirected_to = nil
-        response.redirected_to_method_params = nil
-        response.status = DEFAULT_RENDER_STATUS_CODE
-        response.headers.delete('Location')
-      end
-
-      # Erase both render and redirect results
-      def erase_results #:nodoc:
-        erase_render_results
-        erase_redirect_results
-      end
-
       def rewrite_options(options) #:nodoc:
         if defaults = default_url_options(options)
           defaults.merge(options)
@@ -1064,73 +686,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       def default_url_options(options = nil)
       end
 
-      # Redirects the browser to the target specified in +options+. This parameter can take one of three forms:
-      #
-      # * <tt>Hash</tt> - The URL will be generated by calling url_for with the +options+.
-      # * <tt>Record</tt> - The URL will be generated by calling url_for with the +options+, which will reference a named URL for that record.
-      # * <tt>String</tt> starting with <tt>protocol://</tt> (like <tt>http://</tt>) - Is passed straight through as the target for redirection.
-      # * <tt>String</tt> not containing a protocol - The current protocol and host is prepended to the string.
-      # * <tt>:back</tt> - Back to the page that issued the request. Useful for forms that are triggered from multiple places.
-      #   Short-hand for <tt>redirect_to(request.env["HTTP_REFERER"])</tt>
-      #
-      # Examples:
-      #   redirect_to :action => "show", :id => 5
-      #   redirect_to post
-      #   redirect_to "http://www.rubyonrails.org"
-      #   redirect_to "/images/screenshot.jpg"
-      #   redirect_to articles_url
-      #   redirect_to :back
-      #
-      # The redirection happens as a "302 Moved" header unless otherwise specified.
-      #
-      # Examples:
-      #   redirect_to post_url(@post), :status=>:found
-      #   redirect_to :action=>'atom', :status=>:moved_permanently
-      #   redirect_to post_url(@post), :status=>301
-      #   redirect_to :action=>'atom', :status=>302
-      #
-      # When using <tt>redirect_to :back</tt>, if there is no referrer,
-      # RedirectBackError will be raised. You may specify some fallback
-      # behavior for this case by rescuing RedirectBackError.
-      def redirect_to(options = {}, response_status = {}) #:doc:
-        raise ActionControllerError.new("Cannot redirect to nil!") if options.nil?
-
-        if options.is_a?(Hash) && options[:status]
-          status = options.delete(:status)
-        elsif response_status[:status]
-          status = response_status[:status]
-        else
-          status = 302
-        end
-
-        response.redirected_to = options
-
-        case options
-          # The scheme name consist of a letter followed by any combination of
-          # letters, digits, and the plus ("+"), period ("."), or hyphen ("-")
-          # characters; and is terminated by a colon (":").
-          when %r{^\w[\w\d+.-]*:.*}
-            redirect_to_full_url(options, status)
-          when String
-            redirect_to_full_url(request.protocol + request.host_with_port + options, status)
-          when :back
-            if referer = request.headers["Referer"]
-              redirect_to(referer, :status=>status)
-            else
-              raise RedirectBackError
-            end
-          else
-            redirect_to_full_url(url_for(options), status)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def redirect_to_full_url(url, status)
-        raise DoubleRenderError if performed?
-        logger.info("Redirected to #{url}") if logger && logger.info?
-        response.redirect(url, interpret_status(status))
-        @performed_redirect = true
-      end
-
       # Sets the etag and/or last_modified on the response and checks it against
       # the client request. If the request doesn't match the options provided, the
       # request is considered stale and should be generated from scratch. Otherwise,
@@ -1236,40 +791,20 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       end
 
     private
-      def render_for_file(template_path, status = nil, layout = nil, locals = {}) #:nodoc:
-        path = template_path.respond_to?(:path_without_format_and_extension) ? template_path.path_without_format_and_extension : template_path
-        logger.info("Rendering #{path}" + (status ? " (#{status})" : '')) if logger
-        render_for_text @template.render(:file => template_path, :locals => locals, :layout => layout), status
-      end
-
-      def render_for_text(text = nil, status = nil, append_response = false) #:nodoc:
-        @performed_render = true
-
-        response.status = interpret_status(status || DEFAULT_RENDER_STATUS_CODE)
-
-        if append_response
-          response.body_parts << text.to_s
-        else
-          response.body = case text
-            when Proc then  text
-            when nil  then  [" "] # Safari doesn't pass the headers of the return if the response is zero length
-            else            [text.to_s]
-          end
+      def _process_options(options)
+        if content_type = options[:content_type]
+          response.content_type = content_type.to_s
         end
-      end
 
-      def validate_render_arguments(options, extra_options, has_block)
-        if options && (has_block && options != :update) && !options.is_a?(String) && !options.is_a?(Hash) && !options.is_a?(Symbol)
-          raise RenderError, "You called render with invalid options : #{options.inspect}"
+        if location = options[:location]
+          response.headers["Location"] = url_for(location)
         end
 
-        if !extra_options.is_a?(Hash)
-          raise RenderError, "You called render with invalid options : #{options.inspect}, #{extra_options.inspect}"
-        end
+        response.status = interpret_status(options[:status] || DEFAULT_RENDER_STATUS_CODE)
       end
 
       def initialize_template_class(response)
-        response.template = ActionView::Base.new(self.class.view_paths, {}, self)
+        @template = response.template = ActionView::Base.new(self.class.view_paths, {}, self, formats)
         response.template.helpers.send :include, self.class.master_helper_module
         response.redirected_to = nil
         @performed_render = @performed_redirect = false
@@ -1282,7 +817,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         @_response.session = request.session
 
         @_session = @_response.session
-        @template = @_response.template
 
         @_headers = @_response.headers
       end
@@ -1318,26 +852,25 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       end
 
       def perform_action
-        if action_methods.include?(action_name)
-          send(action_name)
-          default_render unless performed?
-        elsif respond_to? :method_missing
-          method_missing action_name
-          default_render unless performed?
-        else
-          begin
-            default_render
-          rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate => e
-            # Was the implicit template missing, or was it another template?
-            if e.path == default_template_name
-              raise UnknownAction, "No action responded to #{action_name}. Actions: #{action_methods.sort.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}", caller
-            else
-              raise e
-            end
-          end
+        if called = action_methods.include?(action_name)
+          ret = send(action_name)
+        elsif called = respond_to?(:method_missing)
+          ret = method_missing(action_name)
+        end
+        
+        return (performed? ? ret : default_render) if called
+        
+        begin
+          default_render
+        rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate => e
+          raise e unless e.action_name == action_name
+          # If the path is the same as the action_name, the action is completely missing
+          raise UnknownAction, "No action responded to #{action_name}. Actions: " +
+            "#{action_methods.sort.to_sentence}", caller
         end
       end
 
+      # Returns true if a render or redirect has already been performed.
       def performed?
         @performed_render || @performed_redirect
       end
@@ -1346,22 +879,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         @action_name = (params['action'] || 'index')
       end
 
-      def action_methods
-        self.class.action_methods
-      end
-
-      def self.action_methods
-        @action_methods ||=
-          # All public instance methods of this class, including ancestors
-          public_instance_methods(true).map { |m| m.to_s }.to_set -
-          # Except for public instance methods of Base and its ancestors
-          Base.public_instance_methods(true).map { |m| m.to_s } +
-          # Be sure to include shadowed public instance methods of this class
-          public_instance_methods(false).map { |m| m.to_s } -
-          # And always exclude explicitly hidden actions
-          hidden_actions
-      end
-
       def reset_variables_added_to_assigns
         @template.instance_variable_set("@assigns_added", nil)
       end
@@ -1372,10 +889,15 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         @request_origin ||= "#{request.remote_ip} at #{Time.now.to_s(:db)}"
       end
 
+      # Returns the request URI used to get to the current location
       def complete_request_uri
         "#{request.protocol}#{request.host}#{request.request_uri}"
       end
 
+      def close_session
+        # @_session.close if @_session && @_session.respond_to?(:close)
+      end
+
       def default_template(action_name = self.action_name)
         self.view_paths.find_template(default_template_name(action_name), default_template_format)
       end
@@ -1387,7 +909,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
             action_name = strip_out_controller(action_name)
           end
         end
-        "#{self.controller_path}/#{action_name}"
+        "#{controller_path}/#{action_name}"
       end
 
       def strip_out_controller(path)
@@ -1399,14 +921,15 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       end
 
       def process_cleanup
+        close_session
       end
   end
 
   Base.class_eval do
-    [ Filters, Layout, Benchmarking, Rescue, Flash, MimeResponds, Helpers,
+    [ Filters, Layout, Renderer, Redirector, Responder, Benchmarking, Rescue, Flash, MimeResponds, Helpers,
       Cookies, Caching, Verification, Streaming, SessionManagement,
-      HttpAuthentication::Basic::ControllerMethods, HttpAuthentication::Digest::ControllerMethods,
-      RecordIdentifier, RequestForgeryProtection, Translation
+      HttpAuthentication::Basic::ControllerMethods, HttpAuthentication::Digest::ControllerMethods, RecordIdentifier,
+      RequestForgeryProtection, Translation
     ].each do |mod|
       include mod
     end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/chained/benchmarking.rb
index 47377e5fa9..066150f58a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/benchmarking.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/chained/benchmarking.rb
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
     private
       def perform_action_with_benchmark
-        if logger
+        if logger && logger.info?
           ms = [Benchmark.ms { perform_action_without_benchmark }, 0.01].max
           logging_view          = defined?(@view_runtime)
           logging_active_record = Object.const_defined?("ActiveRecord") && ActiveRecord::Base.connected?
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/filters.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/chained/filters.rb
index 9022b8b279..9022b8b279 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/filters.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/chained/filters.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/flash.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/chained/flash.rb
index 56ee9c67e2..56ee9c67e2 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/flash.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/chained/flash.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cookies.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/cookies.rb
index ca380e98d0..ca380e98d0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cookies.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/cookies.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/helpers.rb
index ba65032f6a..ba65032f6a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/helpers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/helpers.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/http_authentication.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/http_authentication.rb
index b6b5267c66..b6b5267c66 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/http_authentication.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/http_authentication.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/layout.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/layout.rb
index 6ec0c1b304..4fcef6c5d9 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/layout.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/layout.rb
@@ -2,11 +2,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
   module Layout #:nodoc:
     def self.included(base)
       base.extend(ClassMethods)
-      base.class_eval do
-        class << self
-          alias_method_chain :inherited, :layout
-        end
-      end
+      base.class_inheritable_accessor :layout_name, :layout_conditions
     end
 
     # Layouts reverse the common pattern of including shared headers and footers in many templates to isolate changes in
@@ -159,123 +155,93 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     #
     # This will render the help action with the "help" layout instead of the controller-wide "weblog_standard" layout.
     module ClassMethods
+      extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
+
       # If a layout is specified, all rendered actions will have their result rendered
       # when the layout <tt>yield</tt>s. This layout can itself depend on instance variables assigned during action
       # performance and have access to them as any normal template would.
       def layout(template_name, conditions = {}, auto = false)
         add_layout_conditions(conditions)
-        write_inheritable_attribute(:layout, template_name)
-        write_inheritable_attribute(:auto_layout, auto)
+        self.layout_name = template_name
+      end
+
+      def memoized_default_layout(formats) #:nodoc:
+        self.layout_name || begin
+          layout = default_layout_name
+          layout.is_a?(String) ? find_layout(layout, formats) : layout
+        rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate
+        end
+      end
+
+      def default_layout(*args)
+        memoized_default_layout(*args)
+        @_memoized_default_layout ||= ::ActiveSupport::ConcurrentHash.new
+        @_memoized_default_layout[args] ||= memoized_default_layout(*args)
+      end
+
+      def memoized_find_layout(layout, formats) #:nodoc:
+        return layout if layout.nil? || layout.respond_to?(:render)
+        prefix = layout.to_s =~ /layouts\// ? nil : "layouts"
+        view_paths.find_by_parts(layout.to_s, formats, prefix)
       end
 
-      def layout_conditions #:nodoc:
-        @layout_conditions ||= read_inheritable_attribute(:layout_conditions)
+      def find_layout(*args)
+        @_memoized_find_layout ||= ::ActiveSupport::ConcurrentHash.new
+        @_memoized_find_layout[args] ||= memoized_find_layout(*args)
       end
 
       def layout_list #:nodoc:
         Array(view_paths).sum([]) { |path| Dir["#{path.to_str}/layouts/**/*"] }
       end
+      memoize :layout_list
 
-      private
-        def inherited_with_layout(child)
-          inherited_without_layout(child)
-          unless child.name.blank?
-            layout_match = child.name.underscore.sub(/_controller$/, '').sub(/^controllers\//, '')
-            child.layout(layout_match, {}, true) unless child.layout_list.grep(%r{layouts/#{layout_match}(\.[a-z][0-9a-z]*)+$}).empty?
-          end
+      def default_layout_name
+        layout_match = name.underscore.sub(/_controller$/, '')
+        if layout_list.grep(%r{layouts/#{layout_match}(\.[a-z][0-9a-z]*)+$}).empty?
+          superclass.default_layout_name if superclass.respond_to?(:default_layout_name)
+        else
+          layout_match
         end
+      end
+      memoize :default_layout_name
 
+      private
         def add_layout_conditions(conditions)
-          write_inheritable_hash(:layout_conditions, normalize_conditions(conditions))
-        end
-
-        def normalize_conditions(conditions)
-          conditions.inject({}) {|hash, (key, value)| hash.merge(key => [value].flatten.map {|action| action.to_s})}
+          # :except => :foo == :except => [:foo] == :except => "foo" == :except => ["foo"]
+          conditions.each {|k, v| conditions[k] = Array(v).map {|a| a.to_s} }
+          write_inheritable_hash(:layout_conditions, conditions)
         end
     end
-
-    # Returns the name of the active layout. If the layout was specified as a method reference (through a symbol), this method
-    # is called and the return value is used. Likewise if the layout was specified as an inline method (through a proc or method
-    # object). If the layout was defined without a directory, layouts is assumed. So <tt>layout "weblog/standard"</tt> will return
-    # weblog/standard, but <tt>layout "standard"</tt> will return layouts/standard.
-    def active_layout(passed_layout = nil, options = {})
-      layout = passed_layout || default_layout
-      return layout if layout.respond_to?(:render)
-
-      active_layout = case layout
-        when Symbol then __send__(layout)
-        when Proc   then layout.call(self)
-        else layout
+    
+    def active_layout(name)
+      name = self.class.default_layout(formats) if name == true
+      
+      layout_name = case name
+        when Symbol     then __send__(name)
+        when Proc       then name.call(self)
+        else name
       end
 
-      find_layout(active_layout, default_template_format, options[:html_fallback]) if active_layout
+      self.class.find_layout(layout_name, formats)
     end
 
-    private
-      def default_layout #:nodoc:
-        layout = self.class.read_inheritable_attribute(:layout)
-        return layout unless self.class.read_inheritable_attribute(:auto_layout)
-        find_layout(layout, default_template_format)
-      rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate
-        nil
-      end
-
-      def find_layout(layout, format, html_fallback=false) #:nodoc:
-        view_paths.find_template(layout.to_s =~ /layouts\// ? layout : "layouts/#{layout}", format, html_fallback)
-      rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate
-        raise if Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(format.to_s).html?
-      end
-
-      def pick_layout(options)
-        if options.has_key?(:layout)
-          case layout = options.delete(:layout)
-          when FalseClass
-            nil
-          when NilClass, TrueClass
-            active_layout if action_has_layout? && candidate_for_layout?(:template => default_template_name)
-          else
-            active_layout(layout, :html_fallback => true)
-          end
-        else
-          active_layout if action_has_layout? && candidate_for_layout?(options)
-        end
-      end
+    def _pick_layout(layout_name = nil, implicit = false)
+      return unless layout_name || implicit
+      layout_name = true if layout_name.nil?
+      active_layout(layout_name) if action_has_layout? && layout_name
+    end
 
+    private
       def action_has_layout?
         if conditions = self.class.layout_conditions
-          case
-            when only = conditions[:only]
-              only.include?(action_name)
-            when except = conditions[:except]
-              !except.include?(action_name)
-            else
-              true
+          if only = conditions[:only]
+            return only.include?(action_name)
+          elsif except = conditions[:except]
+            return !except.include?(action_name) 
           end
-        else
-          true
         end
+        true
       end
 
-      def candidate_for_layout?(options)
-        template = options[:template] || default_template(options[:action])
-        if options.values_at(:text, :xml, :json, :file, :inline, :partial, :nothing, :update).compact.empty?
-          begin
-            template_object = self.view_paths.find_template(template, default_template_format)
-            # this restores the behavior from 2.2.2, where response.template.template_format was reset
-            # to :html for :js requests with a matching html template.
-            # see v2.2.2, ActionView::Base, lines 328-330
-            @real_format = :html if response.template.template_format == :js && template_object.format == "html"
-            !template_object.exempt_from_layout?
-          rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate
-            true
-          end
-        end
-      rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate
-        false
-      end
-
-      def default_template_format
-        @real_format || response.template.template_format
-      end
   end
 end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/mime_responds.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/mime_responds.rb
index b755363873..bac225ab2a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/mime_responds.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/mime_responds.rb
@@ -109,16 +109,13 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     end
 
     class Responder #:nodoc:
+      
       def initialize(controller)
         @controller = controller
         @request    = controller.request
         @response   = controller.response
 
-        if ActionController::Base.use_accept_header
-          @mime_type_priority = Array(Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(@request.parameters[:format]) || @request.accepts)
-        else
-          @mime_type_priority = [@request.format]
-        end
+        @mime_type_priority = @request.formats
 
         @order     = []
         @responses = {}
@@ -130,7 +127,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         @order << mime_type
 
         @responses[mime_type] ||= Proc.new do
-          @response.template.template_format = mime_type.to_sym
+          @response.template.formats = [mime_type.to_sym]
           @response.content_type = mime_type.to_s
           block_given? ? block.call : @controller.send(:render, :action => @controller.action_name)
         end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/redirect.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/redirect.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e92117e7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/redirect.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+module ActionController
+  class RedirectBackError < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
+    DEFAULT_MESSAGE = 'No HTTP_REFERER was set in the request to this action, so redirect_to :back could not be called successfully. If this is a test, make sure to specify request.env["HTTP_REFERER"].'
+
+    def initialize(message = nil)
+      super(message || DEFAULT_MESSAGE)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  module Redirector
+
+    # Redirects the browser to the target specified in +options+. This parameter can take one of three forms:
+    #
+    # * <tt>Hash</tt> - The URL will be generated by calling url_for with the +options+.
+    # * <tt>Record</tt> - The URL will be generated by calling url_for with the +options+, which will reference a named URL for that record.
+    # * <tt>String</tt> starting with <tt>protocol://</tt> (like <tt>http://</tt>) - Is passed straight through as the target for redirection.
+    # * <tt>String</tt> not containing a protocol - The current protocol and host is prepended to the string.
+    # * <tt>:back</tt> - Back to the page that issued the request. Useful for forms that are triggered from multiple places.
+    #   Short-hand for <tt>redirect_to(request.env["HTTP_REFERER"])</tt>
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   redirect_to :action => "show", :id => 5
+    #   redirect_to post
+    #   redirect_to "http://www.rubyonrails.org"
+    #   redirect_to "/images/screenshot.jpg"
+    #   redirect_to articles_url
+    #   redirect_to :back
+    #
+    # The redirection happens as a "302 Moved" header unless otherwise specified.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   redirect_to post_url(@post), :status=>:found
+    #   redirect_to :action=>'atom', :status=>:moved_permanently
+    #   redirect_to post_url(@post), :status=>301
+    #   redirect_to :action=>'atom', :status=>302
+    #
+    # When using <tt>redirect_to :back</tt>, if there is no referrer,
+    # RedirectBackError will be raised. You may specify some fallback
+    # behavior for this case by rescuing RedirectBackError.
+    def redirect_to(options = {}, response_status = {}) #:doc:
+      raise ActionControllerError.new("Cannot redirect to nil!") if options.nil?
+
+      if options.is_a?(Hash) && options[:status]
+        status = options.delete(:status)
+      elsif response_status[:status]
+        status = response_status[:status]
+      else
+        status = 302
+      end
+
+      response.redirected_to = options
+
+      case options
+        # The scheme name consist of a letter followed by any combination of
+        # letters, digits, and the plus ("+"), period ("."), or hyphen ("-")
+        # characters; and is terminated by a colon (":").
+        when %r{^\w[\w\d+.-]*:.*}
+          redirect_to_full_url(options, status)
+        when String
+          redirect_to_full_url(request.protocol + request.host_with_port + options, status)
+        when :back
+          if referer = request.headers["Referer"]
+            redirect_to(referer, :status=>status)
+          else
+            raise RedirectBackError
+          end
+        else
+          redirect_to_full_url(url_for(options), status)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def redirect_to_full_url(url, status)
+      raise DoubleRenderError if performed?
+      logger.info("Redirected to #{url}") if logger && logger.info?
+      response.redirect(url, interpret_status(status))
+      @performed_redirect = true
+    end
+    
+    # Clears the redirected results from the headers, resets the status to 200 and returns
+    # the URL that was used to redirect or nil if there was no redirected URL
+    # Note that +redirect_to+ will change the body of the response to indicate a redirection.
+    # The response body is not reset here, see +erase_render_results+
+    def erase_redirect_results #:nodoc:
+      @performed_redirect = false
+      response.redirected_to = nil
+      response.redirected_to_method_params = nil
+      response.status = DEFAULT_RENDER_STATUS_CODE
+      response.headers.delete('Location')
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/render.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/render.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d24f18633
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/render.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
+module ActionController
+  DEFAULT_RENDER_STATUS_CODE = "200 OK"
+  
+  class DoubleRenderError < ActionControllerError #:nodoc:
+    DEFAULT_MESSAGE = "Render and/or redirect were called multiple times in this action. Please note that you may only call render OR redirect, and at most once per action. Also note that neither redirect nor render terminate execution of the action, so if you want to exit an action after redirecting, you need to do something like \"redirect_to(...) and return\"."
+
+    def initialize(message = nil)
+      super(message || DEFAULT_MESSAGE)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  module Renderer
+    
+    protected
+    # Renders the content that will be returned to the browser as the response body.
+    #
+    # === Rendering an action
+    #
+    # Action rendering is the most common form and the type used automatically by Action Controller when nothing else is
+    # specified. By default, actions are rendered within the current layout (if one exists).
+    #
+    #   # Renders the template for the action "goal" within the current controller
+    #   render :action => "goal"
+    #
+    #   # Renders the template for the action "short_goal" within the current controller,
+    #   # but without the current active layout
+    #   render :action => "short_goal", :layout => false
+    #
+    #   # Renders the template for the action "long_goal" within the current controller,
+    #   # but with a custom layout
+    #   render :action => "long_goal", :layout => "spectacular"
+    #
+    # === Rendering partials
+    #
+    # Partial rendering in a controller is most commonly used together with Ajax calls that only update one or a few elements on a page
+    # without reloading. Rendering of partials from the controller makes it possible to use the same partial template in
+    # both the full-page rendering (by calling it from within the template) and when sub-page updates happen (from the
+    # controller action responding to Ajax calls). By default, the current layout is not used.
+    #
+    #   # Renders the same partial with a local variable.
+    #   render :partial => "person", :locals => { :name => "david" }
+    #
+    #   # Renders the partial, making @new_person available through
+    #   # the local variable 'person'
+    #   render :partial => "person", :object => @new_person
+    #
+    #   # Renders a collection of the same partial by making each element
+    #   # of @winners available through the local variable "person" as it
+    #   # builds the complete response.
+    #   render :partial => "person", :collection => @winners
+    #
+    #   # Renders a collection of partials but with a custom local variable name
+    #   render :partial => "admin_person", :collection => @winners, :as => :person
+    #
+    #   # Renders the same collection of partials, but also renders the
+    #   # person_divider partial between each person partial.
+    #   render :partial => "person", :collection => @winners, :spacer_template => "person_divider"
+    #
+    #   # Renders a collection of partials located in a view subfolder
+    #   # outside of our current controller.  In this example we will be
+    #   # rendering app/views/shared/_note.r(html|xml)  Inside the partial
+    #   # each element of @new_notes is available as the local var "note".
+    #   render :partial => "shared/note", :collection => @new_notes
+    #
+    #   # Renders the partial with a status code of 500 (internal error).
+    #   render :partial => "broken", :status => 500
+    #
+    # Note that the partial filename must also be a valid Ruby variable name,
+    # so e.g. 2005 and register-user are invalid.
+    #
+    #
+    # == Automatic etagging
+    #
+    # Rendering will automatically insert the etag header on 200 OK responses. The etag is calculated using MD5 of the
+    # response body. If a request comes in that has a matching etag, the response will be changed to a 304 Not Modified
+    # and the response body will be set to an empty string. No etag header will be inserted if it's already set.
+    #
+    # === Rendering a template
+    #
+    # Template rendering works just like action rendering except that it takes a path relative to the template root.
+    # The current layout is automatically applied.
+    #
+    #   # Renders the template located in [TEMPLATE_ROOT]/weblog/show.r(html|xml) (in Rails, app/views/weblog/show.erb)
+    #   render :template => "weblog/show"
+    #
+    #   # Renders the template with a local variable
+    #   render :template => "weblog/show", :locals => {:customer => Customer.new}
+    #
+    # === Rendering a file
+    #
+    # File rendering works just like action rendering except that it takes a filesystem path. By default, the path
+    # is assumed to be absolute, and the current layout is not applied.
+    #
+    #   # Renders the template located at the absolute filesystem path
+    #   render :file => "/path/to/some/template.erb"
+    #   render :file => "c:/path/to/some/template.erb"
+    #
+    #   # Renders a template within the current layout, and with a 404 status code
+    #   render :file => "/path/to/some/template.erb", :layout => true, :status => 404
+    #   render :file => "c:/path/to/some/template.erb", :layout => true, :status => 404
+    #
+    # === Rendering text
+    #
+    # Rendering of text is usually used for tests or for rendering prepared content, such as a cache. By default, text
+    # rendering is not done within the active layout.
+    #
+    #   # Renders the clear text "hello world" with status code 200
+    #   render :text => "hello world!"
+    #
+    #   # Renders the clear text "Explosion!"  with status code 500
+    #   render :text => "Explosion!", :status => 500
+    #
+    #   # Renders the clear text "Hi there!" within the current active layout (if one exists)
+    #   render :text => "Hi there!", :layout => true
+    #
+    #   # Renders the clear text "Hi there!" within the layout
+    #   # placed in "app/views/layouts/special.r(html|xml)"
+    #   render :text => "Hi there!", :layout => "special"
+    #
+    # The <tt>:text</tt> option can also accept a Proc object, which can be used to manually control the page generation. This should
+    # generally be avoided, as it violates the separation between code and content, and because almost everything that can be
+    # done with this method can also be done more cleanly using one of the other rendering methods, most notably templates.
+    #
+    #   # Renders "Hello from code!"
+    #   render :text => proc { |response, output| output.write("Hello from code!") }
+    #
+    # === Rendering XML
+    #
+    # Rendering XML sets the content type to application/xml.
+    #
+    #   # Renders '<name>David</name>'
+    #   render :xml => {:name => "David"}.to_xml
+    #
+    # It's not necessary to call <tt>to_xml</tt> on the object you want to render, since <tt>render</tt> will
+    # automatically do that for you:
+    #
+    #   # Also renders '<name>David</name>'
+    #   render :xml => {:name => "David"}
+    #
+    # === Rendering JSON
+    #
+    # Rendering JSON sets the content type to application/json and optionally wraps the JSON in a callback. It is expected
+    # that the response will be parsed (or eval'd) for use as a data structure.
+    #
+    #   # Renders '{"name": "David"}'
+    #   render :json => {:name => "David"}.to_json
+    #
+    # It's not necessary to call <tt>to_json</tt> on the object you want to render, since <tt>render</tt> will
+    # automatically do that for you:
+    #
+    #   # Also renders '{"name": "David"}'
+    #   render :json => {:name => "David"}
+    #
+    # Sometimes the result isn't handled directly by a script (such as when the request comes from a SCRIPT tag),
+    # so the <tt>:callback</tt> option is provided for these cases.
+    #
+    #   # Renders 'show({"name": "David"})'
+    #   render :json => {:name => "David"}.to_json, :callback => 'show'
+    #
+    # === Rendering an inline template
+    #
+    # Rendering of an inline template works as a cross between text and action rendering where the source for the template
+    # is supplied inline, like text, but its interpreted with ERb or Builder, like action. By default, ERb is used for rendering
+    # and the current layout is not used.
+    #
+    #   # Renders "hello, hello, hello, again"
+    #   render :inline => "<%= 'hello, ' * 3 + 'again' %>"
+    #
+    #   # Renders "<p>Good seeing you!</p>" using Builder
+    #   render :inline => "xml.p { 'Good seeing you!' }", :type => :builder
+    #
+    #   # Renders "hello david"
+    #   render :inline => "<%= 'hello ' + name %>", :locals => { :name => "david" }
+    #
+    # === Rendering inline JavaScriptGenerator page updates
+    #
+    # In addition to rendering JavaScriptGenerator page updates with Ajax in RJS templates (see ActionView::Base for details),
+    # you can also pass the <tt>:update</tt> parameter to +render+, along with a block, to render page updates inline.
+    #
+    #   render :update do |page|
+    #     page.replace_html  'user_list', :partial => 'user', :collection => @users
+    #     page.visual_effect :highlight, 'user_list'
+    #   end
+    #
+    # === Rendering vanilla JavaScript
+    #
+    # In addition to using RJS with render :update, you can also just render vanilla JavaScript with :js.
+    #
+    #   # Renders "alert('hello')" and sets the mime type to text/javascript
+    #   render :js => "alert('hello')"
+    #
+    # === Rendering with status and location headers
+    # All renders take the <tt>:status</tt> and <tt>:location</tt> options and turn them into headers. They can even be used together:
+    #
+    #   render :xml => post.to_xml, :status => :created, :location => post_url(post)
+    def render(options = nil, extra_options = {}, &block) #:doc:
+      raise DoubleRenderError, "Can only render or redirect once per action" if performed?
+
+      options = { :layout => true } if options.nil?
+
+      # This handles render "string", render :symbol, and render object
+      # render string and symbol are handled by render_for_name
+      # render object becomes render :partial => object
+      unless options.is_a?(Hash)
+        if options.is_a?(String) || options.is_a?(Symbol)
+          original, options = options, extra_options
+        else
+          extra_options[:partial], options = options, extra_options
+        end
+      end
+      
+      layout_name = options.delete(:layout)
+
+      _process_options(options)
+      
+      if block_given?
+        @template.send(:_evaluate_assigns_and_ivars)
+
+        generator = ActionView::Helpers::PrototypeHelper::JavaScriptGenerator.new(@template, &block)
+        response.content_type = Mime::JS
+        return render_for_text(generator.to_s)
+      end
+      
+      if original
+        return render_for_name(original, layout_name, options) unless block_given?
+      end
+      
+      if options.key?(:text)
+        return render_for_text(@template._render_text(options[:text], 
+          _pick_layout(layout_name), options))
+      end
+
+      file, template = options.values_at(:file, :template)
+      if file || template
+        file = template.sub(/^\//, '') if template
+        return render_for_file(file, [layout_name, !!template], options)
+      end
+      
+      if action_option = options[:action]
+        return render_for_action(action_option, [layout_name, true], options)
+      end
+      
+      if inline = options[:inline]
+        render_for_text(@template._render_inline(inline, _pick_layout(layout_name), options))
+
+      elsif xml = options[:xml]
+        response.content_type ||= Mime::XML
+        render_for_text(xml.respond_to?(:to_xml) ? xml.to_xml : xml)
+
+      elsif js = options[:js]
+        response.content_type ||= Mime::JS
+        render_for_text(js)
+
+      elsif json = options[:json]
+        json = json.to_json unless json.is_a?(String)
+        json = "#{options[:callback]}(#{json})" unless options[:callback].blank?
+        response.content_type ||= Mime::JSON
+        render_for_text(json)
+
+      elsif partial = options[:partial]
+        if partial == true
+          parts = [action_name_base, formats, controller_name, true]
+        elsif partial.is_a?(String)
+          parts = partial_parts(partial, options)
+        else
+          return render_for_text(@template._render_partial(options))
+        end
+        
+        render_for_parts(parts, layout_name, options)
+        
+      elsif options[:nothing]
+        render_for_text(nil)
+
+      else
+        render_for_parts([action_name, formats, controller_path], layout_name, options)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def partial_parts(name, options)
+      segments = name.split("/")
+      parts = segments.pop.split(".")
+
+      case parts.size
+      when 1
+        parts
+      when 2, 3
+        extension = parts.delete_at(1).to_sym
+        if formats.include?(extension)
+          self.formats.replace [extension]
+        end
+        parts.pop if parts.size == 2
+      end
+
+      path = parts.join(".")
+      prefix = segments[0..-1].join("/")
+      prefix = prefix.blank? ? controller_path : prefix
+      parts = [path, formats, prefix]
+      parts.push options[:object] || true
+    end
+
+    def formats
+      @_request.formats.map {|f| f.symbol }.compact
+    end
+
+    def action_name_base(name = action_name)
+      (name.is_a?(String) ? name.sub(/^#{controller_path}\//, '') : name).to_s
+    end
+
+    # Renders according to the same rules as <tt>render</tt>, but returns the result in a string instead
+    # of sending it as the response body to the browser.
+    def render_to_string(options = nil, &block) #:doc:
+      render(options, &block)
+      response.body
+    ensure
+      response.content_type = nil
+      erase_render_results
+      reset_variables_added_to_assigns
+    end
+    
+    # Clears the rendered results, allowing for another render to be performed.
+    def erase_render_results #:nodoc:
+      response.body = []
+      @performed_render = false
+    end
+
+    # Erase both render and redirect results
+    def erase_results #:nodoc:
+      erase_render_results
+      erase_redirect_results
+    end
+    
+    # Return a response that has no content (merely headers). The options
+    # argument is interpreted to be a hash of header names and values.
+    # This allows you to easily return a response that consists only of
+    # significant headers:
+    #
+    #   head :created, :location => person_path(@person)
+    #
+    # It can also be used to return exceptional conditions:
+    #
+    #   return head(:method_not_allowed) unless request.post?
+    #   return head(:bad_request) unless valid_request?
+    #   render
+    def head(*args)
+      if args.length > 2
+        raise ArgumentError, "too many arguments to head"
+      elsif args.empty?
+        raise ArgumentError, "too few arguments to head"
+      end
+      options = args.extract_options!
+      status = interpret_status(args.shift || options.delete(:status) || :ok)
+
+      options.each do |key, value|
+        headers[key.to_s.dasherize.split(/-/).map { |v| v.capitalize }.join("-")] = value.to_s
+      end
+
+      render :nothing => true, :status => status
+    end
+    
+    private
+    def render_for_name(name, layout, options)
+      case name.to_s.index('/')
+      when 0
+        render_for_file(name, layout, options)
+      when nil
+        render_for_action(name, layout, options)
+      else
+        render_for_file(name.sub(/^\//, ''), [layout, true], options)
+      end
+    end
+  
+    def render_for_parts(parts, layout, options = {})
+      tmp = view_paths.find_by_parts(*parts)
+      
+      layout = _pick_layout(*layout) unless tmp.exempt_from_layout?
+            
+      render_for_text(
+        @template._render_template_with_layout(tmp, layout, options, parts[3]))
+    end
+
+    def render_for_file(file, layout, options)
+      render_for_parts([file, [request.format.to_sym]], layout, options)
+    end
+    
+    def render_for_action(name, layout, options)
+      parts = [action_name_base(name), formats, controller_name]
+      render_for_parts(parts, layout, options)
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request_forgery_protection.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/request_forgery_protection.rb
index f3e6288c26..3067122ceb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request_forgery_protection.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/request_forgery_protection.rb
@@ -81,12 +81,13 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       
       # Returns true or false if a request is verified.  Checks:
       #
-      # * is the format restricted?  By default, only HTML and AJAX requests are checked.
+      # * is the format restricted?  By default, only HTML requests are checked.
       # * is it a GET request?  Gets should be safe and idempotent
       # * Does the form_authenticity_token match the given token value from the params?
       def verified_request?
         !protect_against_forgery?     ||
           request.method == :get      ||
+          request.xhr?                ||
           !verifiable_request_format? ||
           form_authenticity_token == params[request_forgery_protection_token]
       end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/responder.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/responder.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1aee980da6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/responder.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+module ActionController
+  module Responder
+    def self.included(klass)
+      klass.extend ClassMethods
+    end
+    
+    private
+    def render_for_text(text) #:nodoc:
+      @performed_render = true
+
+      case text
+      when Proc
+        response.body = text
+      when nil
+        # Safari 2 doesn't pass response headers if the response is zero-length
+        if response.body_parts.empty?
+          response.body_parts << ' '
+        end
+      else
+        response.body_parts << text
+      end
+    end
+    
+    # Returns a set of the methods defined as actions in your controller
+    def action_methods
+      self.class.action_methods
+    end
+    
+    module ClassMethods
+      def action_methods
+        @action_methods ||=
+          # All public instance methods of this class, including ancestors
+          public_instance_methods(true).map { |m| m.to_s }.to_set -
+          # Except for public instance methods of Base and its ancestors
+          Base.public_instance_methods(true).map { |m| m.to_s } +
+          # Be sure to include shadowed public instance methods of this class
+          public_instance_methods(false).map { |m| m.to_s } -
+          # And always exclude explicitly hidden actions
+          hidden_actions
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session_management.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/session_management.rb
index b556f04649..ffce8e1bd1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session_management.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/session_management.rb
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         if defined? @@session_store
           @@session_store
         else
-          Session::CookieStore
+          ActionDispatch::Session::CookieStore
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/streaming.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/streaming.rb
index 9f80f48c3d..9f80f48c3d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/streaming.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/streaming.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/verification.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/verification.rb
index c62b81b666..c62b81b666 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/verification.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base/verification.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb
index 80d13e25f1..ffd8081edc 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
   #
   # == Caching stores
   #
-  # All the caching stores from ActiveSupport::Cache is available to be used as backends for Action Controller caching. This setting only
+  # All the caching stores from ActiveSupport::Cache are available to be used as backends for Action Controller caching. This setting only
   # affects action and fragment caching as page caching is always written to disk.
   #
   # Configuration examples (MemoryStore is the default):
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching/actions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching/actions.rb
index 87b5029e57..b99feddf77 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching/actions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching/actions.rb
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
           end
         end
         
-        # When true, infer_extension will look up the cache path extension from the request's path & format.
+        # If +infer_extension+ is true, the cache path extension is looked up from the request's path & format.
         # This is desirable when reading and writing the cache, but not when expiring the cache -
         # expire_action should expire the same files regardless of the request format.
         def initialize(controller, options = {}, infer_extension = true)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 406b6f06d6..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-require 'action_controller/cgi_ext/stdinput'
-require 'action_controller/cgi_ext/query_extension'
-require 'action_controller/cgi_ext/cookie'
-
-class CGI #:nodoc:
-  include ActionController::CgiExt::Stdinput
-
-  class << self
-    alias :escapeHTML_fail_on_nil :escapeHTML
-
-    def escapeHTML(string)
-      escapeHTML_fail_on_nil(string) unless string.nil?
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/cookie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/cookie.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9cd19bb12d..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/cookie.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-require 'delegate'
-
-CGI.module_eval { remove_const "Cookie" }
-
-# TODO: document how this differs from stdlib CGI::Cookie
-class CGI #:nodoc:
-  class Cookie < DelegateClass(Array)
-    attr_accessor :name, :value, :path, :domain, :expires
-    attr_reader :secure, :http_only
-
-    # Creates a new CGI::Cookie object.
-    #
-    # The contents of the cookie can be specified as a +name+ and one
-    # or more +value+ arguments.  Alternatively, the contents can
-    # be specified as a single hash argument.  The possible keywords of
-    # this hash are as follows:
-    #
-    # * <tt>:name</tt> - The name of the cookie.  Required.
-    # * <tt>:value</tt> - The cookie's value or list of values.
-    # * <tt>:path</tt> - The path for which this cookie applies.  Defaults to the
-    #   base directory of the CGI script.
-    # * <tt>:domain</tt> - The domain for which this cookie applies.
-    # * <tt>:expires</tt> - The time at which this cookie expires, as a Time object.
-    # * <tt>:secure</tt> - Whether this cookie is a secure cookie or not (defaults to
-    #   +false+). Secure cookies are only transmitted to HTTPS servers.
-    # * <tt>:http_only</tt> - Whether this cookie can be accessed by client side scripts (e.g. document.cookie) or only over HTTP.
-    #   More details in http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.web.httpcookie.httponly.aspx. Defaults to +false+. 
-    #
-    # These keywords correspond to attributes of the cookie object.
-    def initialize(name = '', *value)
-      if name.kind_of?(String)
-        @name = name
-        @value = Array(value)
-        @domain = nil
-        @expires = nil
-        @secure = false
-        @http_only = false
-        @path = nil
-      else
-        @name = name['name']
-        @value = (name['value'].kind_of?(String) ? [name['value']] : Array(name['value'])).delete_if(&:blank?)
-        @domain = name['domain']
-        @expires = name['expires']
-        @secure = name['secure'] || false
-        @http_only = name['http_only'] || false
-        @path = name['path']
-      end
-
-      raise ArgumentError, "`name' required" unless @name
-
-      # simple support for IE
-      unless @path
-        %r|^(.*/)|.match(ENV['SCRIPT_NAME'])
-        @path = ($1 or '')
-      end
-
-      super(@value)
-    end
-
-    # Sets whether the Cookie is a secure cookie or not.
-    def secure=(val)
-      @secure = val == true
-    end
-
-    # Sets whether the Cookie is an HTTP only cookie or not.
-    def http_only=(val)
-      @http_only = val == true
-    end
-
-    # Converts the Cookie to its string representation.
-    def to_s
-      buf = ''
-      buf << @name << '='
-      buf << (@value.kind_of?(String) ? CGI::escape(@value) : @value.collect{|v| CGI::escape(v) }.join("&"))
-      buf << '; domain=' << @domain if @domain
-      buf << '; path=' << @path if @path
-      buf << '; expires=' << CGI::rfc1123_date(@expires) if @expires
-      buf << '; secure' if @secure
-      buf << '; HttpOnly' if @http_only
-      buf
-    end
-
-    # FIXME: work around broken 1.8.7 DelegateClass#respond_to?
-    def respond_to?(method, include_private = false)
-      return true if super(method)
-      return __getobj__.respond_to?(method, include_private)
-    end
-
-    # Parses a raw cookie string into a hash of <tt>cookie-name => cookie-object</tt>
-    # pairs.
-    #
-    #   cookies = CGI::Cookie::parse("raw_cookie_string")
-    #     # => { "name1" => cookie1, "name2" => cookie2, ... }
-    #
-    def self.parse(raw_cookie)
-      cookies = Hash.new([])
-
-      if raw_cookie
-        raw_cookie.split(/;\s?/).each do |pairs|
-          name, value = pairs.split('=',2)
-          next unless name and value
-          name = CGI::unescape(name)
-          unless cookies.has_key?(name)
-            cookies[name] = new(name, CGI::unescape(value))
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      cookies
-    end
-  end # class Cookie
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/query_extension.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/query_extension.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 9620fd2873..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/query_extension.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-require 'cgi'
-
-class CGI #:nodoc:
-  module QueryExtension
-    # Remove the old initialize_query method before redefining it.
-    remove_method :initialize_query
-
-    # Neuter CGI parameter parsing.
-    def initialize_query
-      # Fix some strange request environments.
-      env_table['REQUEST_METHOD'] ||= 'GET'
-
-      # POST assumes missing Content-Type is application/x-www-form-urlencoded.
-      if env_table['CONTENT_TYPE'].blank? && env_table['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST'
-        env_table['CONTENT_TYPE'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
-      end
-
-      @cookies = CGI::Cookie::parse(env_table['HTTP_COOKIE'] || env_table['COOKIE'])
-      @params = {}
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/stdinput.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/stdinput.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5e9b6784af..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_ext/stdinput.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-require 'cgi'
-
-module ActionController
-  module CgiExt
-    # Publicize the CGI's internal input stream so we can lazy-read
-    # request.body. Make it writable so we don't have to play $stdin games.
-    module Stdinput
-      def self.included(base)
-        base.class_eval do
-          remove_method :stdinput
-          attr_accessor :stdinput
-        end
-
-        base.alias_method_chain :initialize, :stdinput
-      end
-
-      def initialize_with_stdinput(type = nil, stdinput = $stdin)
-        @stdinput = stdinput
-        @stdinput.set_encoding(Encoding::BINARY) if @stdinput.respond_to?(:set_encoding)
-        initialize_without_stdinput(type || 'query')
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_process.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_process.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 54ff04cfd2..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/cgi_process.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-require 'action_controller/cgi_ext'
-
-module ActionController #:nodoc:
-  class CGIHandler
-    module ProperStream
-      def each
-        while line = gets
-          yield line
-        end
-      end
-
-      def read(*args)
-        if args.empty?
-          super || ""
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.dispatch_cgi(app, cgi, out = $stdout)
-      env = cgi.__send__(:env_table)
-      env.delete "HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH"
-
-      cgi.stdinput.extend ProperStream
-
-      env["SCRIPT_NAME"] = "" if env["SCRIPT_NAME"] == "/"
-
-      env.update({
-        "rack.version" => [0,1],
-        "rack.input" => cgi.stdinput,
-        "rack.errors" => $stderr,
-        "rack.multithread" => false,
-        "rack.multiprocess" => true,
-        "rack.run_once" => false,
-        "rack.url_scheme" => ["yes", "on", "1"].include?(env["HTTPS"]) ? "https" : "http"
-      })
-
-      env["QUERY_STRING"] ||= ""
-      env["HTTP_VERSION"] ||= env["SERVER_PROTOCOL"]
-      env["REQUEST_PATH"] ||= "/"
-      env.delete "PATH_INFO" if env["PATH_INFO"] == ""
-
-      status, headers, body = app.call(env)
-      begin
-        out.binmode if out.respond_to?(:binmode)
-        out.sync = false if out.respond_to?(:sync=)
-
-        headers['Status'] = status.to_s
-
-        if headers.include?('Set-Cookie')
-          headers['cookie'] = headers.delete('Set-Cookie').split("\n")
-        end
-
-        out.write(cgi.header(headers))
-
-        body.each { |part|
-          out.write part
-          out.flush if out.respond_to?(:flush)
-        }
-      ensure
-        body.close if body.respond_to?(:close)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  class CgiRequest #:nodoc:
-    DEFAULT_SESSION_OPTIONS = {
-      :database_manager  => nil,
-      :prefix            => "ruby_sess.",
-      :session_path      => "/",
-      :session_key       => "_session_id",
-      :cookie_only       => true,
-      :session_http_only => true
-    }
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d98e9ac7bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ActionController::AbstractRequest = ActionController::Request = ActionDispatch::Request
+ActionController::AbstractResponse = ActionController::Response = ActionDispatch::Response
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatcher.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/dispatcher.rb
index 07931e4a4a..bb9d8bd063 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatcher.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/dispatcher.rb
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ module ActionController
     class << self
       def define_dispatcher_callbacks(cache_classes)
         unless cache_classes
-          unless self.middleware.include?(Reloader)
-            self.middleware.insert_after(Failsafe, Reloader)
+          unless self.middleware.include?(ActionDispatch::Reloader)
+            self.middleware.insert_after(ActionDispatch::Failsafe, ActionDispatch::Reloader)
           end
 
           ActionView::Helpers::AssetTagHelper.cache_asset_timestamps = false
@@ -23,11 +23,6 @@ module ActionController
         end
       end
 
-      # DEPRECATE: Remove CGI support
-      def dispatch(cgi = nil, session_options = CgiRequest::DEFAULT_SESSION_OPTIONS, output = $stdout)
-        new(output).dispatch_cgi(cgi, session_options)
-      end
-
       # Add a preparation callback. Preparation callbacks are run before every
       # request in development mode, and before the first request in production
       # mode.
@@ -43,13 +38,7 @@ module ActionController
       end
 
       def run_prepare_callbacks
-        if defined?(Rails) && Rails.logger
-          logger = Rails.logger
-        else
-          logger = Logger.new($stderr)
-        end
-
-        new(logger).send :run_callbacks, :prepare_dispatch
+        new.send :run_callbacks, :prepare_dispatch
       end
 
       def reload_application
@@ -68,7 +57,7 @@ module ActionController
     end
 
     cattr_accessor :middleware
-    self.middleware = MiddlewareStack.new do |middleware|
+    self.middleware = ActionDispatch::MiddlewareStack.new do |middleware|
       middlewares = File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "middlewares.rb")
       middleware.instance_eval(File.read(middlewares))
     end
@@ -76,19 +65,22 @@ module ActionController
     include ActiveSupport::Callbacks
     define_callbacks :prepare_dispatch, :before_dispatch, :after_dispatch
 
-    # DEPRECATE: Remove arguments, since they are only used by CGI
-    def initialize(output = $stdout, request = nil, response = nil)
-      @output = output
-      @app = @@middleware.build(lambda { |env| self.dup._call(env) })
+    def initialize
+      @app = @@middleware.build(lambda { |env| self._call(env) })
+      freeze
     end
 
-    def dispatch
+    def call(env)
+      @app.call(env)
+    end
+
+    def _call(env)
       begin
         run_callbacks :before_dispatch
-        Routing::Routes.call(@env)
+        Routing::Routes.call(env)
       rescue Exception => exception
         if controller ||= (::ApplicationController rescue Base)
-          controller.call_with_exception(@env, exception).to_a
+          controller.call_with_exception(env, exception).to_a
         else
           raise exception
         end
@@ -97,20 +89,6 @@ module ActionController
       end
     end
 
-    # DEPRECATE: Remove CGI support
-    def dispatch_cgi(cgi, session_options)
-      CGIHandler.dispatch_cgi(self, cgi, @output)
-    end
-
-    def call(env)
-      @app.call(env)
-    end
-
-    def _call(env)
-      @env = env
-      dispatch
-    end
-
     def flush_logger
       Base.logger.flush
     end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/middlewares.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/middlewares.rb
index 371cf6d8f7..b62b4f84a1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/middlewares.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/middlewares.rb
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ use "Rack::Lock", :if => lambda {
   !ActionController::Base.allow_concurrency
 }
 
-use "ActionController::Failsafe"
+use "ActionDispatch::Failsafe"
 
 use lambda { ActionController::Base.session_store },
     lambda { ActionController::Base.session_options }
 
-use "ActionController::RewindableInput"
-use "ActionController::ParamsParser"
+use "ActionDispatch::RewindableInput"
+use "ActionDispatch::ParamsParser"
 use "Rack::MethodOverride"
 use "Rack::Head"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/rescue.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/rescue.rb
index 242c8da920..df80ac0909 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/rescue.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/rescue.rb
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       'ActionView::TemplateError'         => 'template_error'
     }
 
-    RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH = ActionView::Template::EagerPath.new_and_loaded(
+    RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH = ActionView::Template::FileSystemPath.new(
       File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "templates"))
 
     def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
     module ClassMethods
       def call_with_exception(env, exception) #:nodoc:
-        request = env["action_controller.rescue.request"] ||= Request.new(env)
-        response = env["action_controller.rescue.response"] ||= Response.new
+        request = env["action_controller.rescue.request"] ||= ActionDispatch::Request.new(env)
+        response = env["action_controller.rescue.response"] ||= ActionDispatch::Response.new
         new.process(request, response, :rescue_action, exception)
       end
     end
@@ -131,11 +131,13 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
         @template.instance_variable_set("@exception", exception)
         @template.instance_variable_set("@rescues_path", RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH)
         @template.instance_variable_set("@contents",
-          @template.render(:file => template_path_for_local_rescue(exception)))
+          @template._render_template(template_path_for_local_rescue(exception)))
 
         response.content_type = Mime::HTML
-        render_for_file(rescues_path("layout"),
-          response_code_for_rescue(exception))
+        response.status = interpret_status(response_code_for_rescue(exception))
+        
+        content = @template._render_template(rescues_path("layout"))
+        render_for_text(content)
       end
 
       def rescue_action_without_handler(exception)
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
       end
 
       def rescues_path(template_name)
-        RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH["rescues/#{template_name}.erb"]
+        RESCUES_TEMPLATE_PATH.find_by_parts("rescues/#{template_name}.erb")
       end
 
       def template_path_for_local_rescue(exception)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.erb
index 64b34650b1..64b34650b1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/_request_and_response.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/_trace.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/_trace.erb
index bb2d8375bd..bb2d8375bd 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/_trace.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/_trace.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb
index 669da1b26e..e5c647c826 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/diagnostics.erb
@@ -6,6 +6,5 @@
 </h1>
 <pre><%=h @exception.clean_message %></pre>
 
-<%= render :file => @rescues_path["rescues/_trace.erb"] %>
-
-<%= render :file => @rescues_path["rescues/_request_and_response.erb"] %>
+<%= @template._render_template(@rescues_path.find_by_parts("rescues/_trace.erb")) %>
+<%= @template._render_template(@rescues_path.find_by_parts("rescues/_request_and_response.erb")) %>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/layout.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/layout.erb
index 4a04742e40..4a04742e40 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/layout.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/layout.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/missing_template.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/missing_template.erb
index dbfdf76947..dbfdf76947 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/missing_template.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/missing_template.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/routing_error.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/routing_error.erb
index ccfa858cce..ccfa858cce 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/routing_error.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/routing_error.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/template_error.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/template_error.erb
index 2e34e03bd5..2e34e03bd5 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/template_error.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/template_error.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/unknown_action.erb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/unknown_action.erb
index 683379da10..683379da10 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/templates/rescues/unknown_action.erb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/dispatch/templates/rescues/unknown_action.erb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7c65f1cdc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module ActionController
+  autoload :AbstractBase, "action_controller/new_base/base"
+  autoload :HideActions,  "action_controller/new_base/hide_actions"
+  autoload :Layouts,      "action_controller/new_base/layouts"
+  autoload :Renderer,     "action_controller/new_base/renderer"
+  autoload :UrlFor,       "action_controller/new_base/url_for"
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/base.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..08e7a1a0e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/base.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+module ActionController
+  class AbstractBase < AbstractController::Base
+    
+    # :api: public
+    attr_internal :request, :response, :params
+
+    # :api: public
+    def self.controller_name
+      @controller_name ||= controller_path.split("/").last
+    end
+
+    # :api: public
+    def controller_name() self.class.controller_name end
+
+    # :api: public    
+    def self.controller_path
+      @controller_path ||= self.name.sub(/Controller$/, '').underscore
+    end
+    
+    # :api: public    
+    def controller_path() self.class.controller_path end
+      
+    # :api: private      
+    def self.action_methods
+      @action_names ||= Set.new(self.public_instance_methods - self::CORE_METHODS)
+    end
+    
+    # :api: private    
+    def self.action_names() action_methods end
+    
+    # :api: private        
+    def action_methods() self.class.action_names end
+
+    # :api: private
+    def action_names() action_methods end
+    
+    # :api: plugin
+    def self.call(env)
+      controller = new
+      controller.call(env).to_rack
+    end
+    
+    # :api: plugin
+    def response_body=(body)
+      @_response.body = body
+    end
+    
+    # :api: private
+    def call(env)
+      @_request = ActionDispatch::Request.new(env)
+      @_response = ActionDispatch::Response.new
+      process(@_request.parameters[:action])
+    end
+    
+    # :api: private
+    def to_rack
+      response.to_a
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/hide_actions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/hide_actions.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..473a8ea72b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/hide_actions.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+module ActionController
+  module HideActions
+    setup do
+      extlib_inheritable_accessor :hidden_actions
+      self.hidden_actions ||= Set.new      
+    end
+    
+    def action_methods() self.class.action_names end
+    def action_names() action_methods end    
+      
+  private
+  
+    def respond_to_action?(action_name)
+      !hidden_actions.include?(action_name) && (super || respond_to?(:method_missing))
+    end
+    
+    module ClassMethods
+      def hide_action(*args)
+        args.each do |arg|
+          self.hidden_actions << arg.to_s
+        end
+      end
+      
+      def action_methods
+        @action_names ||= Set.new(super.reject {|name| self.hidden_actions.include?(name.to_s)})
+      end
+
+      def self.action_names() action_methods end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/layouts.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/layouts.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a8e0809ac6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/layouts.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+module ActionController
+  module Layouts
+    depends_on ActionController::Renderer
+    depends_on AbstractController::Layouts
+    
+    module ClassMethods
+      def _implied_layout_name
+        controller_path
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def render_to_body(options)
+      # render :text => ..., :layout => ...
+      # or
+      # render :anything_else
+      if !options.key?(:text) || options.key?(:layout)
+        options[:_layout] = options.key?(:layout) ? _layout_for_option(options[:layout]) : _default_layout
+      end
+      
+      super
+    end
+    
+  private
+  
+    def _layout_for_option(name)
+      case name
+      when String     then _layout_for_name(name)
+      when true       then _default_layout(true)
+      when false, nil then nil
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError, 
+          "String, true, or false, expected for `layout'; you passed #{name.inspect}"        
+      end
+    end
+    
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/renderer.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/renderer.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ed34c46aed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/renderer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+module ActionController
+  module Renderer
+    depends_on AbstractController::Renderer
+    
+    def initialize(*)
+      self.formats = [:html]
+      super
+    end
+    
+    def render(action, options = {})
+      # TODO: Move this into #render_to_body
+      if action.is_a?(Hash)
+        options, action = action, nil 
+      else
+        options.merge! :action => action
+      end
+      
+      _process_options(options)
+      
+      self.response_body = render_to_body(options)
+    end
+
+    def render_to_body(options)
+      unless options.is_a?(Hash)
+        options = {:action => options}
+      end
+
+      if options.key?(:text)
+        options[:_template] = ActionView::TextTemplate.new(_text(options))
+        template = nil
+      elsif options.key?(:template)
+        options[:_template_name] = options[:template]
+      elsif options.key?(:action)
+        options[:_template_name] = options[:action].to_s
+        options[:_prefix] = _prefix 
+      end
+      
+      super(options)
+    end
+    
+  private
+  
+    def _prefix
+      controller_path
+    end  
+  
+    def _text(options)
+      text = options[:text]
+
+      case text
+      when nil then " "
+      else text.to_s
+      end
+    end
+  
+    def _process_options(options)
+      if status = options[:status]
+        response.status = status.to_i
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/url_for.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/url_for.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..af5b21012b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/new_base/url_for.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+module ActionController
+  module UrlFor
+    def initialize_current_url
+      @url = UrlRewriter.new(request, params.clone)
+    end
+
+    # Overwrite to implement a number of default options that all url_for-based methods will use. The default options should come in
+    # the form of a hash, just like the one you would use for url_for directly. Example:
+    #
+    #   def default_url_options(options)
+    #     { :project => @project.active? ? @project.url_name : "unknown" }
+    #   end
+    #
+    # As you can infer from the example, this is mostly useful for situations where you want to centralize dynamic decisions about the
+    # urls as they stem from the business domain. Please note that any individual url_for call can always override the defaults set
+    # by this method.
+    def default_url_options(options = nil)
+    end
+    
+    def rewrite_options(options) #:nodoc:
+      if defaults = default_url_options(options)
+        defaults.merge(options)
+      else
+        options
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def url_for(options = {})
+      options ||= {}
+      case options
+        when String
+          options
+        when Hash
+          @url.rewrite(rewrite_options(options))
+        else
+          polymorphic_url(options)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb
index 742d290ad6..6bda27e23a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module ActionController  
+module ActionController
   # The record identifier encapsulates a number of naming conventions for dealing with records, like Active Records or 
   # Active Resources or pretty much any other model type that has an id. These patterns are then used to try elevate
   # the view actions to a higher logical level. Example:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/polymorphic_routes.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/generation/polymorphic_routes.rb
index d9b614c237..d9b614c237 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/polymorphic_routes.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/generation/polymorphic_routes.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/url_rewriter.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/generation/url_rewriter.rb
index bb6cb437b7..16720b915b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/url_rewriter.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/generation/url_rewriter.rb
@@ -68,29 +68,17 @@ module ActionController
   # This generates, among other things, the method <tt>users_path</tt>. By default,
   # this method is accessible from your controllers, views and mailers. If you need
   # to access this auto-generated method from other places (such as a model), then
-  # you can do that in two ways.
-  #
-  # The first way is to include ActionController::UrlWriter in your class:
+  # you can do that by including ActionController::UrlWriter in your class:
   #
   #   class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-  #     include ActionController::UrlWriter         # !!!
+  #     include ActionController::UrlWriter
   #
-  #     def name=(value)
-  #       write_attribute('name', value)
-  #       write_attribute('base_uri', users_path)   # !!!
+  #     def base_uri
+  #       user_path(self)
   #     end
   #   end
   #
-  # The second way is to access them through ActionController::UrlWriter.
-  # The autogenerated named routes methods are available as class methods:
-  #
-  #   class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-  #     def name=(value)
-  #       write_attribute('name', value)
-  #       path = ActionController::UrlWriter.users_path   # !!!
-  #       write_attribute('base_uri', path)               # !!!
-  #     end
-  #   end
+  #   User.find(1).base_uri # => "/users/1"
   module UrlWriter
     def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
       ActionController::Routing::Routes.install_helpers(base)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/resources.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb
index 86abb7b2f4..86abb7b2f4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/resources.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/route_set.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/route_set.rb
index 044ace7de1..70cd1f642d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/route_set.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/route_set.rb
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ module ActionController
       end
 
       def call(env)
-        request = Request.new(env)
+        request = ActionDispatch::Request.new(env)
         app = Routing::Routes.recognize(request)
         app.call(env).to_a
       end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/status_codes.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/status_codes.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 4977c79491..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/status_codes.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-module ActionController
-  module StatusCodes #:nodoc:
-    # Defines the standard HTTP status codes, by integer, with their
-    # corresponding default message texts.
-    # Source: http://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes
-    STATUS_CODES = {
-      100 => "Continue",
-      101 => "Switching Protocols",
-      102 => "Processing",
-
-      200 => "OK",
-      201 => "Created",
-      202 => "Accepted",
-      203 => "Non-Authoritative Information",
-      204 => "No Content",
-      205 => "Reset Content",
-      206 => "Partial Content",
-      207 => "Multi-Status",
-      226 => "IM Used",
-
-      300 => "Multiple Choices",
-      301 => "Moved Permanently",
-      302 => "Found",
-      303 => "See Other",
-      304 => "Not Modified",
-      305 => "Use Proxy",
-      307 => "Temporary Redirect",
-
-      400 => "Bad Request",
-      401 => "Unauthorized",
-      402 => "Payment Required",
-      403 => "Forbidden",
-      404 => "Not Found",
-      405 => "Method Not Allowed",
-      406 => "Not Acceptable",
-      407 => "Proxy Authentication Required",
-      408 => "Request Timeout",
-      409 => "Conflict",
-      410 => "Gone",
-      411 => "Length Required",
-      412 => "Precondition Failed",
-      413 => "Request Entity Too Large",
-      414 => "Request-URI Too Long",
-      415 => "Unsupported Media Type",
-      416 => "Requested Range Not Satisfiable",
-      417 => "Expectation Failed",
-      422 => "Unprocessable Entity",
-      423 => "Locked",
-      424 => "Failed Dependency",
-      426 => "Upgrade Required",
-
-      500 => "Internal Server Error",
-      501 => "Not Implemented",
-      502 => "Bad Gateway",
-      503 => "Service Unavailable",
-      504 => "Gateway Timeout",
-      505 => "HTTP Version Not Supported",
-      507 => "Insufficient Storage",
-      510 => "Not Extended"
-    }
-
-    # Provides a symbol-to-fixnum lookup for converting a symbol (like
-    # :created or :not_implemented) into its corresponding HTTP status
-    # code (like 200 or 501).
-    SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE = STATUS_CODES.inject({}) do |hash, (code, message)|
-      hash[message.gsub(/ /, "").underscore.to_sym] = code
-      hash
-    end
-
-    # Given a status parameter, determine whether it needs to be converted
-    # to a string. If it is a fixnum, use the STATUS_CODES hash to lookup
-    # the default message. If it is a symbol, use the SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE
-    # hash to convert it.
-    def interpret_status(status)
-      case status
-      when Fixnum then
-        "#{status} #{STATUS_CODES[status]}".strip
-      when Symbol then
-        interpret_status(SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE[status] ||
-          "500 Unknown Status #{status.inspect}")
-      else
-        status.to_s
-      end
-    end
-    private :interpret_status
-
-  end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/dom_assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/dom.rb
index 5ffe5f1883..5ffe5f1883 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/dom_assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/dom.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/model_assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/model.rb
index 3a7b39b106..3a7b39b106 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/model_assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/model.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/response_assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/response.rb
index 5976090273..ca0a9bbf52 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/response_assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/response.rb
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module ActionController
       #
       # You can also pass an explicit status number like assert_response(501)
       # or its symbolic equivalent assert_response(:not_implemented).
-      # See ActionController::StatusCodes for a full list.
+      # See ActionDispatch::StatusCodes for a full list.
       #
       # ==== Examples
       #
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ module ActionController
             assert_block("") { true } # to count the assertion
           elsif type.is_a?(Fixnum) && @response.response_code == type
             assert_block("") { true } # to count the assertion
-          elsif type.is_a?(Symbol) && @response.response_code == ActionController::StatusCodes::SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE[type]
+          elsif type.is_a?(Symbol) && @response.response_code == ActionDispatch::StatusCodes::SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE[type]
             assert_block("") { true } # to count the assertion
           else
             if @response.error?
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/routing_assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/routing.rb
index 5101751cea..5101751cea 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/routing_assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/routing.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/selector_assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/selector.rb
index 0d56ea5ef7..0d56ea5ef7 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/selector_assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/selector.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/tag_assertions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/tag.rb
index 80249e0e83..80249e0e83 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/assertions/tag_assertions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/assertions/tag.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/integration.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/integration.rb
index fda6b639d1..d51b9b63ff 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/integration.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/integration.rb
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ module ActionController
           @html_document = nil
 
           @status = status.to_i
-          @status_message = StatusCodes::STATUS_CODES[@status]
+          @status_message = ActionDispatch::StatusCodes::STATUS_CODES[@status]
 
           @headers = Rack::Utils::HeaderHash.new(headers)
 
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ module ActionController
           else
             # Decorate responses from Rack Middleware and Rails Metal
             # as an Response for the purposes of integration testing
-            @response = Response.new
+            @response = ActionDispatch::Response.new
             @response.status = status.to_s
             @response.headers.replace(@headers)
             @response.body = @body_parts
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ module ActionController
             "SERVER_PORT"    => https? ? "443" : "80",
             "HTTPS"          => https? ? "on" : "off"
           }
-          UrlRewriter.new(Request.new(env), {})
+          UrlRewriter.new(ActionDispatch::Request.new(env), {})
         end
 
         def name_with_prefix(prefix, name)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/performance_test.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/performance.rb
index d88180087d..d88180087d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/performance_test.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/performance.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_process.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/process.rb
index 9dd09c30b4..7e2857614c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_process.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/process.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
 module ActionController #:nodoc:
-  class TestRequest < Request #:nodoc:
+  class TestRequest < ActionDispatch::Request #:nodoc:
     attr_accessor :cookies, :session_options
     attr_accessor :query_parameters, :path, :session
     attr_accessor :host
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
       @query_parameters   = {}
       @session            = TestSession.new
+      default_rack_options = Rack::Session::Abstract::ID::DEFAULT_OPTIONS
+      @session_options    ||= {:id => generate_sid(default_rack_options[:sidbits])}.merge(default_rack_options)
 
       initialize_default_values
       initialize_containers
@@ -110,6 +113,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     end
 
     def recycle!
+      @env["action_controller.request.request_parameters"] = {}
       self.query_parameters   = {}
       self.path_parameters    = {}
       @headers, @request_method, @accepts, @content_type = nil, nil, nil, nil
@@ -120,6 +124,10 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     end
 
     private
+      def generate_sid(sidbits)
+        "%0#{sidbits / 4}x" % rand(2**sidbits - 1)
+      end
+
       def initialize_containers
         @cookies = {}
       end
@@ -250,7 +258,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     def cookies
       cookies = {}
       Array(headers['Set-Cookie']).each do |cookie|
-        key, value = cookie.split(";").first.split("=")
+        key, value = cookie.split(";").first.split("=").map {|val| Rack::Utils.unescape(val)}
         cookies[key] = value
       end
       cookies
@@ -275,10 +283,11 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
   # controller actions.
   #
   # See Response for more information on controller response objects.
-  class TestResponse < Response
+  class TestResponse < ActionDispatch::Response
     include TestResponseBehavior
 
     def recycle!
+      body_parts.clear
       headers.delete('ETag')
       headers.delete('Last-Modified')
     end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/test_case.rb
index d2059d51f4..b020b755a0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/testing/test_case.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 require 'active_support/test_case'
-require 'action_controller/test_process'
+require 'action_controller/testing/process'
 
 module ActionController
   # Superclass for ActionController functional tests. Functional tests allow you to
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/uploaded_file.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/uploaded_file.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 376ba3621a..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/uploaded_file.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-module ActionController
-  module UploadedFile
-    def self.included(base)
-      base.class_eval do
-        attr_accessor :original_path, :content_type
-        alias_method :local_path, :path
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.extended(object)
-      object.class_eval do
-        attr_accessor :original_path, :content_type
-        alias_method :local_path, :path
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Take the basename of the upload's original filename.
-    # This handles the full Windows paths given by Internet Explorer
-    # (and perhaps other broken user agents) without affecting
-    # those which give the lone filename.
-    # The Windows regexp is adapted from Perl's File::Basename.
-    def original_filename
-      unless defined? @original_filename
-        @original_filename =
-          unless original_path.blank?
-            if original_path =~ /^(?:.*[:\\\/])?(.*)/m
-              $1
-            else
-              File.basename original_path
-            end
-          end
-      end
-      @original_filename
-    end
-  end
-
-  class UploadedStringIO < StringIO
-    include UploadedFile
-  end
-
-  class UploadedTempfile < Tempfile
-    include UploadedFile
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bd5a38cc82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#--
+# Copyright (c) 2004-2009 David Heinemeier Hansson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#++
+
+begin
+  require 'active_support'
+rescue LoadError
+  activesupport_path = "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/../../activesupport/lib"
+  if File.directory?(activesupport_path)
+    $:.unshift activesupport_path
+    require 'active_support'
+  end
+end
+
+$:.unshift "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0"
+begin
+  gem 'rack', '~> 1.0.0'
+  require 'rack'
+rescue Gem::LoadError
+  require 'action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack'
+end
+
+module ActionDispatch
+  autoload :Request, 'action_dispatch/http/request'
+  autoload :Response, 'action_dispatch/http/response'
+  autoload :StatusCodes, 'action_dispatch/http/status_codes'
+
+  autoload :Failsafe, 'action_dispatch/middleware/failsafe'
+  autoload :ParamsParser, 'action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser'
+  autoload :Reloader, 'action_dispatch/middleware/reloader'
+  autoload :RewindableInput, 'action_dispatch/middleware/rewindable_input'
+  autoload :MiddlewareStack, 'action_dispatch/middleware/stack'
+
+  module Http
+    autoload :Headers, 'action_dispatch/http/headers'
+  end
+
+  module Session
+    autoload :AbstractStore, 'action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store'
+    autoload :CookieStore, 'action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store'
+    autoload :MemCacheStore, 'action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store'
+  end
+end
+
+autoload :Mime, 'action_dispatch/http/mime_type'
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/headers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/headers.rb
index 139669c66f..2a41b4dbad 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/headers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/headers.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 require 'active_support/memoizable'
 
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   module Http
     class Headers < ::Hash
       extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/mime_type.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
index 017626ba27..02ad7f7d94 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/mime_type.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ module Mime
   EXTENSION_LOOKUP = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = Type.new(k) unless k.blank? }
   LOOKUP           = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = Type.new(k) unless k.blank? }
 
+  def self.[](type)
+    Type.lookup_by_extension(type.to_s)
+  end
+
   # Encapsulates the notion of a mime type. Can be used at render time, for example, with:
   #
   #   class PostsController < ActionController::Base
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@ module Mime
     # only needs to protect against these types.
     @@browser_generated_types = Set.new [:html, :url_encoded_form, :multipart_form, :text]
     cattr_reader :browser_generated_types
-
+    attr_reader :symbol
 
     @@unverifiable_types = Set.new [:text, :json, :csv, :xml, :rss, :atom, :yaml]
     def self.unverifiable_types
@@ -187,17 +191,13 @@ module Mime
     # Returns true if Action Pack should check requests using this Mime Type for possible request forgery.  See
     # ActionController::RequestForgeryProtection.
     def verify_request?
-      browser_generated?
+      @@browser_generated_types.include?(to_sym)
     end
 
     def html?
       @@html_types.include?(to_sym) || @string =~ /html/
     end
 
-    def browser_generated?
-      @@browser_generated_types.include?(to_sym)
-    end
-
     private
       def method_missing(method, *args)
         if method.to_s =~ /(\w+)\?$/
@@ -209,4 +209,4 @@ module Mime
   end
 end
 
-require 'action_controller/mime_types'
+require 'action_dispatch/http/mime_types'
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/mime_types.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_types.rb
index 2d7fba1173..2d7fba1173 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/mime_types.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_types.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
index ef223f157c..523ab32b35 100755
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
@@ -3,9 +3,8 @@ require 'stringio'
 require 'strscan'
 
 require 'active_support/memoizable'
-require 'action_controller/cgi_ext'
 
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   class Request < Rack::Request
 
     %w[ AUTH_TYPE GATEWAY_INTERFACE
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ module ActionController
     # <tt>:get</tt>. If the request \method is not listed in the HTTP_METHODS
     # constant above, an UnknownHttpMethod exception is raised.
     def request_method
-      @request_method ||= HTTP_METHOD_LOOKUP[super] || raise(UnknownHttpMethod, "#{super}, accepted HTTP methods are #{HTTP_METHODS.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}")
+      @request_method ||= HTTP_METHOD_LOOKUP[super] || raise(ActionController::UnknownHttpMethod, "#{super}, accepted HTTP methods are #{HTTP_METHODS.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}")
     end
 
     # Returns the HTTP request \method used for action processing as a
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ module ActionController
     #
     #   request.headers["Content-Type"] # => "text/plain"
     def headers
-      @headers ||= ActionController::Http::Headers.new(@env)
+      Http::Headers.new(@env)
     end
 
     # Returns the content length of the request as an integer.
@@ -94,20 +93,26 @@ module ActionController
         end
       end
     end
-
+    
     # Returns the accepted MIME type for the request.
     def accepts
       @accepts ||= begin
         header = @env['HTTP_ACCEPT'].to_s.strip
 
+        fallback = xhr? ? Mime::JS : Mime::HTML
+
         if header.empty?
-          [content_type, Mime::ALL].compact
+          [content_type, fallback, Mime::ALL].compact
         else
-          Mime::Type.parse(header)
+          ret = Mime::Type.parse(header)
+          if ret.last == Mime::ALL
+            ret.insert(-2, fallback)
+          end
+          ret
         end
       end
     end
-
+    
     def if_modified_since
       if since = env['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE']
         Time.rfc2822(since) rescue nil
@@ -142,24 +147,33 @@ module ActionController
       end
     end
 
+    ONLY_ALL = [Mime::ALL].freeze
+
     # Returns the Mime type for the \format used in the request.
     #
     #   GET /posts/5.xml   | request.format => Mime::XML
     #   GET /posts/5.xhtml | request.format => Mime::HTML
     #   GET /posts/5       | request.format => Mime::HTML or MIME::JS, or request.accepts.first depending on the value of <tt>ActionController::Base.use_accept_header</tt>
-    def format
+
+    def format(view_path = [])
       @format ||=
         if parameters[:format]
-          Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(parameters[:format])
-        elsif ActionController::Base.use_accept_header
-          accepts.first
-        elsif xhr?
-          Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension("js")
-        else
-          Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension("html")
+                        Mime[parameters[:format]]
+        elsif ActionController::Base.use_accept_header && !(accepts == ONLY_ALL)
+                        accepts.first
+        elsif xhr? then Mime::JS
+        else            Mime::HTML
         end
     end
 
+    def formats
+      @formats = 
+        if ActionController::Base.use_accept_header
+          Array(Mime[parameters[:format]] || accepts)
+        else
+          [format]
+        end
+    end
 
     # Sets the \format by string extension, which can be used to force custom formats
     # that are not controlled by the extension.
@@ -226,7 +240,7 @@ module ActionController
       if @env.include? 'HTTP_CLIENT_IP'
         if ActionController::Base.ip_spoofing_check && remote_ips && !remote_ips.include?(@env['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'])
           # We don't know which came from the proxy, and which from the user
-          raise ActionControllerError.new(<<EOM)
+          raise ActionController::ActionControllerError.new(<<EOM)
 IP spoofing attack?!
 HTTP_CLIENT_IP=#{@env['HTTP_CLIENT_IP'].inspect}
 HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR=#{@env['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'].inspect}
@@ -463,6 +477,34 @@ EOM
         !(host.nil? || /\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}$/.match(host))
       end
 
+      module UploadedFile
+        def self.extended(object)
+          object.class_eval do
+            attr_accessor :original_path, :content_type
+            alias_method :local_path, :path
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Take the basename of the upload's original filename.
+        # This handles the full Windows paths given by Internet Explorer
+        # (and perhaps other broken user agents) without affecting
+        # those which give the lone filename.
+        # The Windows regexp is adapted from Perl's File::Basename.
+        def original_filename
+          unless defined? @original_filename
+            @original_filename =
+              unless original_path.blank?
+                if original_path =~ /^(?:.*[:\\\/])?(.*)/m
+                  $1
+                else
+                  File.basename original_path
+                end
+              end
+          end
+          @original_filename
+        end
+      end
+
       # Convert nested Hashs to HashWithIndifferentAccess and replace
       # file upload hashs with UploadedFile objects
       def normalize_parameters(value)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/response.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
index febe4ccf29..ecf40b8103 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/response.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 require 'digest/md5'
 
-module ActionController # :nodoc:
+module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
   # Represents an HTTP response generated by a controller action. One can use
   # an ActionController::Response object to retrieve the current state
   # of the response, or customize the response. An Response object can
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/status_codes.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/status_codes.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..830de2a6db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/status_codes.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+module ActionDispatch
+  module StatusCodes #:nodoc:
+    STATUS_CODES = Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES.merge({
+      102 => "Processing",
+      207 => "Multi-Status",
+      226 => "IM Used",
+      422 => "Unprocessable Entity",
+      423 => "Locked",
+      424 => "Failed Dependency",
+      426 => "Upgrade Required",
+      507 => "Insufficient Storage",
+      510 => "Not Extended"
+    }).freeze
+
+    # Provides a symbol-to-fixnum lookup for converting a symbol (like
+    # :created or :not_implemented) into its corresponding HTTP status
+    # code (like 200 or 501).
+    SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE = STATUS_CODES.inject({}) { |hash, (code, message)|
+      hash[message.gsub(/ /, "").underscore.to_sym] = code
+      hash
+    }.freeze
+
+    private
+      # Given a status parameter, determine whether it needs to be converted
+      # to a string. If it is a fixnum, use the STATUS_CODES hash to lookup
+      # the default message. If it is a symbol, use the SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE
+      # hash to convert it.
+      def interpret_status(status)
+        case status
+        when Fixnum then
+          "#{status} #{STATUS_CODES[status]}".strip
+        when Symbol then
+          interpret_status(SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE[status] ||
+            "500 Unknown Status #{status.inspect}")
+        else
+          status.to_s
+        end
+      end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/failsafe.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/failsafe.rb
index 567581142c..7379a696aa 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/failsafe.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/failsafe.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   class Failsafe
     cattr_accessor :error_file_path
     self.error_file_path = Rails.public_path if defined?(Rails.public_path)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/params_parser.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
index d269fe07fa..6df572268c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/params_parser.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   class ParamsParser
     ActionController::Base.param_parsers[Mime::XML] = :xml_simple
     ActionController::Base.param_parsers[Mime::JSON] = :json
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/reloader.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb
index 46789309cd..67313e30e4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/reloader.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   class Reloader
     def initialize(app)
       @app = app
     end
 
     def call(env)
-      Dispatcher.reload_application
+      ActionController::Dispatcher.reload_application
       @app.call(env)
     ensure
-      Dispatcher.cleanup_application
+      ActionController::Dispatcher.cleanup_application
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/rewindable_input.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/rewindable_input.rb
index cedfb7fd75..725414efc4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/rewindable_input.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/rewindable_input.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   class RewindableInput
     class RewindableIO < ActiveSupport::BasicObject
       def initialize(io)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session/abstract_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
index f6369abf15..6c039cf62d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session/abstract_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 require 'rack/utils'
 
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   module Session
     class AbstractStore
       ENV_SESSION_KEY = 'rack.session'.freeze
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session/cookie_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
index a2543c1824..433c4cc070 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session/cookie_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   module Session
     # This cookie-based session store is the Rails default. Sessions typically
     # contain at most a user_id and flash message; both fit within the 4K cookie
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session/mem_cache_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store.rb
index f745715a97..8f448970d9 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/session/mem_cache_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/mem_cache_store.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 begin
   require_library_or_gem 'memcache'
 
-  module ActionController
+  module ActionDispatch
     module Session
       class MemCacheStore < AbstractStore
         def initialize(app, options = {})
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/middleware_stack.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/stack.rb
index b739a6d72d..ee5f28d5cb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/middleware_stack.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/stack.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-module ActionController
+module ActionDispatch
   class MiddlewareStack < Array
     class Middleware
       def self.new(klass, *args, &block)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack.rb
index 6349b95094..6349b95094 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/adapter/camping.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/adapter/camping.rb
index 63bc787f54..63bc787f54 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/adapter/camping.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/adapter/camping.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb
index 214df6299e..214df6299e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb
index 1d9ccec685..1d9ccec685 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/basic.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/basic.rb
index 9557224648..9557224648 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/basic.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/basic.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb
index e579dc9632..e579dc9632 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb
index dbe109f29a..dbe109f29a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/nonce.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/params.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/params.rb
index 730e2efdc8..730e2efdc8 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/params.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/params.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/request.rb
index a8aa3bf996..a8aa3bf996 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/digest/request.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/openid.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/openid.rb
index c5f6a5143e..c5f6a5143e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/openid.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/auth/openid.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/builder.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/builder.rb
index 295235e56a..295235e56a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/builder.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/builder.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/cascade.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/cascade.rb
index a038aa1105..a038aa1105 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/cascade.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/cascade.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/chunked.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/chunked.rb
index 280d89dd65..280d89dd65 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/chunked.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/chunked.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/commonlogger.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/commonlogger.rb
index 5e68ac626d..5e68ac626d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/commonlogger.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/commonlogger.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/conditionalget.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/conditionalget.rb
index 7bec824181..7bec824181 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/conditionalget.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/conditionalget.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_length.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_length.rb
index 1e56d43853..1e56d43853 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_length.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_length.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_type.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_type.rb
index 0c1e1ca3e1..0c1e1ca3e1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_type.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/content_type.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/deflater.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/deflater.rb
index a42b7477ae..a42b7477ae 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/deflater.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/deflater.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/directory.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/directory.rb
index acdd3029d3..acdd3029d3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/directory.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/directory.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/file.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/file.rb
index fe62bd6b86..fe62bd6b86 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/file.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/file.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler.rb
index 1018af64c7..1018af64c7 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/cgi.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/cgi.rb
index e38156c7f0..e38156c7f0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/cgi.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/cgi.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/evented_mongrel.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/evented_mongrel.rb
index 0f5cbf7293..0f5cbf7293 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/evented_mongrel.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/evented_mongrel.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb
index 6324c7d274..6324c7d274 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/lsws.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/lsws.rb
index c65ba3ec8e..c65ba3ec8e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/lsws.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/lsws.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/mongrel.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/mongrel.rb
index f0c0d58330..f0c0d58330 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/mongrel.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/mongrel.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/scgi.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/scgi.rb
index 9495c66374..9495c66374 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/scgi.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/scgi.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/swiftiplied_mongrel.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/swiftiplied_mongrel.rb
index 4bafd0b953..4bafd0b953 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/swiftiplied_mongrel.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/swiftiplied_mongrel.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/thin.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/thin.rb
index 3d4fedff75..3d4fedff75 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/thin.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/thin.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/webrick.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/webrick.rb
index 829e7d6bf8..829e7d6bf8 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/webrick.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/handler/webrick.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/head.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/head.rb
index deab822a99..deab822a99 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/head.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/head.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lint.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lint.rb
index 44a33ce36e..44a33ce36e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lint.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lint.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lobster.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lobster.rb
index f63f419a49..f63f419a49 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lobster.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lobster.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lock.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lock.rb
index 93238528c4..93238528c4 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lock.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/lock.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/methodoverride.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/methodoverride.rb
index 0eed29f471..0eed29f471 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/methodoverride.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/methodoverride.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mime.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mime.rb
index 5a6a73a97b..5a6a73a97b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mime.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mime.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mock.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mock.rb
index 70852da3db..70852da3db 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mock.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/mock.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/recursive.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/recursive.rb
index bf8b965925..bf8b965925 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/recursive.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/recursive.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/reloader.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/reloader.rb
index b17d8c0926..b17d8c0926 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/reloader.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/reloader.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/request.rb
index d77fa26575..d77fa26575 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/request.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/response.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/response.rb
index caf60d5b19..caf60d5b19 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/response.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/response.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/abstract/id.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/abstract/id.rb
index 218144c17f..218144c17f 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/abstract/id.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/abstract/id.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/cookie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/cookie.rb
index eace9bd0c6..eace9bd0c6 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/cookie.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/cookie.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/memcache.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/memcache.rb
index 4a65cbf35d..4a65cbf35d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/memcache.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/memcache.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/pool.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/pool.rb
index f6f87408bb..f6f87408bb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/pool.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/session/pool.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showexceptions.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showexceptions.rb
index 697bc41fdb..697bc41fdb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showexceptions.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showexceptions.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showstatus.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showstatus.rb
index 28258c7c89..28258c7c89 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showstatus.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/showstatus.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/static.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/static.rb
index 168e8f83b2..168e8f83b2 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/static.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/static.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/urlmap.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/urlmap.rb
index 0ff32df181..0ff32df181 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/urlmap.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/urlmap.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/utils.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/utils.rb
index 0a61bce707..0a61bce707 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/utils.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/vendor/rack-1.0/rack/utils.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view.rb
index 1f1ff9dd05..e604c2a581 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view.rb
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ rescue LoadError
   end
 end
 
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), "action_pack")
+
 module ActionView
   def self.load_all!
     [Base, InlineTemplate, TemplateError]
@@ -38,16 +40,18 @@ module ActionView
 
   autoload :Base, 'action_view/base'
   autoload :Helpers, 'action_view/helpers'
-  autoload :InlineTemplate, 'action_view/inline_template'
-  autoload :Partials, 'action_view/partials'
+  autoload :InlineTemplate, 'action_view/template/inline'
+  autoload :Partials, 'action_view/render/partials'
+  autoload :Path, 'action_view/template/path'
   autoload :PathSet, 'action_view/paths'
-  autoload :Renderable, 'action_view/renderable'
-  autoload :RenderablePartial, 'action_view/renderable_partial'
-  autoload :Template, 'action_view/template'
-  autoload :ReloadableTemplate, 'action_view/reloadable_template'
-  autoload :TemplateError, 'action_view/template_error'
-  autoload :TemplateHandler, 'action_view/template_handler'
-  autoload :TemplateHandlers, 'action_view/template_handlers'
+  autoload :Rendering, 'action_view/render/rendering'
+  autoload :Renderable, 'action_view/template/renderable'
+  autoload :RenderablePartial, 'action_view/template/partial'
+  autoload :Template, 'action_view/template/template'
+  autoload :TemplateError, 'action_view/template/error'
+  autoload :TemplateHandler, 'action_view/template/handler'
+  autoload :TemplateHandlers, 'action_view/template/handlers'
+  autoload :TextTemplate, 'action_view/template/text'
   autoload :Helpers, 'action_view/helpers'
 end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb
index 9c0134e7f7..efed19a21d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb
@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
   end
 
   class MissingTemplate < ActionViewError #:nodoc:
-    attr_reader :path
+    attr_reader :path, :action_name
 
     def initialize(paths, path, template_format = nil)
       @path = path
+      @action_name = path.split("/").last.split(".")[0...-1].join(".")
       full_template_path = path.include?('.') ? path : "#{path}.erb"
       display_paths = paths.compact.join(":")
       template_type = (path =~ /layouts/i) ? 'layout' : 'template'
@@ -160,14 +161,13 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
   #
   # See the ActionView::Helpers::PrototypeHelper::GeneratorMethods documentation for more details.
   class Base
-    include Helpers, Partials, ::ERB::Util
+    include Helpers, Rendering, Partials, ::ERB::Util
+
     extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
 
-    attr_accessor :base_path, :assigns, :template_extension
+    attr_accessor :base_path, :assigns, :template_extension, :formats
     attr_accessor :controller
 
-    attr_writer :template_format
-
     attr_accessor :output_buffer
 
     class << self
@@ -193,9 +193,13 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
 
     attr_internal :request
 
+    delegate :controller_path, :to => :controller, :allow_nil => true
+
     delegate :request_forgery_protection_token, :template, :params, :session, :cookies, :response, :headers,
              :flash, :logger, :action_name, :controller_name, :to => :controller
 
+    delegate :find_by_parts, :to => :view_paths
+
     module CompiledTemplates #:nodoc:
       # holds compiled template code
     end
@@ -218,7 +222,8 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
       end
     end
 
-    def initialize(view_paths = [], assigns_for_first_render = {}, controller = nil)#:nodoc:
+    def initialize(view_paths = [], assigns_for_first_render = {}, controller = nil, formats = nil)#:nodoc:
+      @formats = formats || [:html]
       @assigns = assigns_for_first_render
       @assigns_added = nil
       @controller = controller
@@ -233,56 +238,6 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
 
     def view_paths=(paths)
       @view_paths = self.class.process_view_paths(paths)
-      # we might be using ReloadableTemplates, so we need to let them know this a new request
-      @view_paths.load!
-    end
-
-    # Returns the result of a render that's dictated by the options hash. The primary options are:
-    #
-    # * <tt>:partial</tt> - See ActionView::Partials.
-    # * <tt>:update</tt> - Calls update_page with the block given.
-    # * <tt>:file</tt> - Renders an explicit template file (this used to be the old default), add :locals to pass in those.
-    # * <tt>:inline</tt> - Renders an inline template similar to how it's done in the controller.
-    # * <tt>:text</tt> - Renders the text passed in out.
-    #
-    # If no options hash is passed or :update specified, the default is to render a partial and use the second parameter
-    # as the locals hash.
-    def render(options = {}, local_assigns = {}, &block) #:nodoc:
-      local_assigns ||= {}
-
-      case options
-      when Hash
-        options = options.reverse_merge(:locals => {})
-        if options[:layout]
-          _render_with_layout(options, local_assigns, &block)
-        elsif options[:file]
-          template = self.view_paths.find_template(options[:file], template_format)
-          template.render_template(self, options[:locals])
-        elsif options[:partial]
-          render_partial(options)
-        elsif options[:inline]
-          InlineTemplate.new(options[:inline], options[:type]).render(self, options[:locals])
-        elsif options[:text]
-          options[:text]
-        end
-      when :update
-        update_page(&block)
-      else
-        render_partial(:partial => options, :locals => local_assigns)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # The format to be used when choosing between multiple templates with
-    # the same name but differing formats.  See +Request#template_format+
-    # for more details.
-    def template_format
-      if defined? @template_format
-        @template_format
-      elsif controller && controller.respond_to?(:request)
-        @template_format = controller.request.template_format.to_sym
-      else
-        @template_format = :html
-      end
     end
 
     # Access the current template being rendered.
@@ -332,32 +287,5 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
           controller.response.content_type ||= content_type
         end
       end
-
-      def _render_with_layout(options, local_assigns, &block) #:nodoc:
-        partial_layout = options.delete(:layout)
-
-        if block_given?
-          begin
-            @_proc_for_layout = block
-            concat(render(options.merge(:partial => partial_layout)))
-          ensure
-            @_proc_for_layout = nil
-          end
-        else
-          begin
-            original_content_for_layout = @content_for_layout if defined?(@content_for_layout)
-            @content_for_layout = render(options)
-
-            if (options[:inline] || options[:file] || options[:text])
-              @cached_content_for_layout = @content_for_layout
-              render(:file => partial_layout, :locals => local_assigns)
-            else
-              render(options.merge(:partial => partial_layout))
-            end
-          ensure
-            @content_for_layout = original_content_for_layout
-          end
-        end
-      end
   end
 end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_record_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_record_helper.rb
index 541899ea6a..7c0dfdab10 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_record_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_record_helper.rb
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ module ActionView
               options[:header_message]
             else
               object_name = options[:object_name].to_s.gsub('_', ' ')
-              object_name = I18n.t(object_name, :default => object_name, :scope => [:activerecord, :models], :count => 1)
+              object_name = I18n.t(options[:object_name].to_s, :default => object_name, :scope => [:activerecord, :models], :count => 1)
               locale.t :header, :count => count, :model => object_name
             end
             message = options.include?(:message) ? options[:message] : locale.t(:body)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb
index c74909a360..72fe9a3232 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ module ActionView
       alias_method :distance_of_time_in_words_to_now, :time_ago_in_words
 
       # Returns a set of select tags (one for year, month, and day) pre-selected for accessing a specified date-based
-      # attribute (identified by +method+) on an object assigned to the template (identified by +object+). You can
-      # the output in the +options+ hash.
+      # attribute (identified by +method+) on an object assigned to the template (identified by +object+).
+      #
       #
       # ==== Options
       # * <tt>:use_month_numbers</tt> - Set to true if you want to use month numbers rather than month names (e.g.
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ module ActionView
 
       # Returns a set of select tags (one for year, month, day, hour, and minute) pre-selected for accessing a
       # specified datetime-based attribute (identified by +method+) on an object assigned to the template (identified
-      # by +object+). Examples:
+      # by +object+).
       #
       # If anything is passed in the html_options hash it will be applied to every select tag in the set.
       #
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
index a589bcba2a..a59829b23f 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ module ActionView
       #
       # The HTML specification says unchecked check boxes are not successful, and
       # thus web browsers do not send them. Unfortunately this introduces a gotcha:
-      # if an Invoice model has a +paid+ flag, and in the form that edits a paid
+      # if an +Invoice+ model has a +paid+ flag, and in the form that edits a paid
       # invoice the user unchecks its check box, no +paid+ parameter is sent. So,
       # any mass-assignment idiom like
       #
@@ -636,12 +636,15 @@ module ActionView
       #
       # wouldn't update the flag.
       #
-      # To prevent this the helper generates a hidden field with the same name as
-      # the checkbox after the very check box. So, the client either sends only the
-      # hidden field (representing the check box is unchecked), or both fields.
-      # Since the HTML specification says key/value pairs have to be sent in the
-      # same order they appear in the form and Rails parameters extraction always
-      # gets the first occurrence of any given key, that works in ordinary forms.
+      # To prevent this the helper generates an auxiliary hidden field before
+      # the very check box. The hidden field has the same name and its
+      # attributes mimick an unchecked check box.
+      #
+      # This way, the client either sends only the hidden field (representing
+      # the check box is unchecked), or both fields. Since the HTML specification
+      # says key/value pairs have to be sent in the same order they appear in the
+      # form, and parameters extraction gets the last occurrence of any repeated
+      # key in the query string, that works for ordinary forms.
       #
       # Unfortunately that workaround does not work when the check box goes
       # within an array-like parameter, as in
@@ -652,22 +655,26 @@ module ActionView
       #   <% end %>
       #
       # because parameter name repetition is precisely what Rails seeks to distinguish
-      # the elements of the array.
+      # the elements of the array. For each item with a checked check box you
+      # get an extra ghost item with only that attribute, assigned to "0".
+      #
+      # In that case it is preferable to either use +check_box_tag+ or to use
+      # hashes instead of arrays.
       #
       # ==== Examples
       #   # Let's say that @post.validated? is 1:
       #   check_box("post", "validated")
-      #   # => <input type="checkbox" id="post_validated" name="post[validated]" value="1" />
-      #   #    <input name="post[validated]" type="hidden" value="0" />
+      #   # => <input name="post[validated]" type="hidden" value="0" />
+      #   #    <input type="checkbox" id="post_validated" name="post[validated]" value="1" />
       #
       #   # Let's say that @puppy.gooddog is "no":
       #   check_box("puppy", "gooddog", {}, "yes", "no")
-      #   # => <input type="checkbox" id="puppy_gooddog" name="puppy[gooddog]" value="yes" />
-      #   #    <input name="puppy[gooddog]" type="hidden" value="no" />
+      #   # => <input name="puppy[gooddog]" type="hidden" value="no" />
+      #   #    <input type="checkbox" id="puppy_gooddog" name="puppy[gooddog]" value="yes" />
       #
       #   check_box("eula", "accepted", { :class => 'eula_check' }, "yes", "no")
-      #   # => <input type="checkbox" class="eula_check" id="eula_accepted" name="eula[accepted]" value="yes" />
-      #   #    <input name="eula[accepted]" type="hidden" value="no" />
+      #   # => <input name="eula[accepted]" type="hidden" value="no" />
+      #   #    <input type="checkbox" class="eula_check" id="eula_accepted" name="eula[accepted]" value="yes" />
       #
       def check_box(object_name, method, options = {}, checked_value = "1", unchecked_value = "0")
         InstanceTag.new(object_name, method, self, options.delete(:object)).to_check_box_tag(options, checked_value, unchecked_value)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb
index 6d39a53adc..daf38fe3da 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ module ActionView
       # <tt>legend</tt> will become the fieldset's title (optional as per W3C).
       # <tt>options</tt> accept the same values as tag.
       #
-      # === Examples
+      # ==== Examples
       #   <% field_set_tag do %>
       #     <p><%= text_field_tag 'name' %></p>
       #   <% end %>
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb
index 91ef72e54b..6bad11e354 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb
@@ -987,13 +987,13 @@ module ActionView
             end
 
             def render(*options_for_render)
-              old_format = @context && @context.template_format
-              @context.template_format = :html if @context
+              old_formats = @context && @context.formats
+              @context.formats = [:html] if @context
               Hash === options_for_render.first ?
                 @context.render(*options_for_render) :
                   options_for_render.first.to_s
             ensure
-              @context.template_format = old_format if @context
+              @context.formats = old_formats if @context
             end
 
             def javascript_object_for(object)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb
index 48bf4717ad..573b99b96e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ module ActionView
 
       # Turns all URLs and e-mail addresses into clickable links. The <tt>:link</tt> option
       # will limit what should be linked. You can add HTML attributes to the links using
-      # <tt>:href_options</tt>. Possible values for <tt>:link</tt> are <tt>:all</tt> (default),
+      # <tt>:html</tt>. Possible values for <tt>:link</tt> are <tt>:all</tt> (default),
       # <tt>:email_addresses</tt>, and <tt>:urls</tt>. If a block is given, each URL and
       # e-mail address is yielded and the result is used as the link text.
       #
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ module ActionView
       #   # => "Visit http://www.loudthinking.com/ or e-mail <a href=\"mailto:david@loudthinking.com\">david@loudthinking.com</a>"
       #
       #   post_body = "Welcome to my new blog at http://www.myblog.com/.  Please e-mail me at me@email.com."
-      #   auto_link(post_body, :href_options => { :target => '_blank' }) do |text|
+      #   auto_link(post_body, :html => { :target => '_blank' }) do |text|
       #     truncate(text, 15)
       #   end
       #   # => "Welcome to my new blog at <a href=\"http://www.myblog.com/\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.m...</a>.
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ module ActionView
       #   auto_link(post_body, :all, :target => "_blank")     # => Once upon\na time
       #   # => "Welcome to my new blog at <a href=\"http://www.myblog.com/\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.myblog.com</a>.
       #         Please e-mail me at <a href=\"mailto:me@email.com\">me@email.com</a>."
-      def auto_link(text, *args, &block)#link = :all, href_options = {}, &block)
+      def auto_link(text, *args, &block)#link = :all, html = {}, &block)
         return '' if text.blank?
 
         options = args.size == 2 ? {} : args.extract_options! # this is necessary because the old auto_link API has a Hash as its last parameter
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/paths.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/paths.rb
index 8cc3fe291c..1d0279889c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/paths.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/paths.rb
@@ -2,16 +2,13 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
   class PathSet < Array #:nodoc:
     def self.type_cast(obj)
       if obj.is_a?(String)
-        if Base.cache_template_loading?
-          Template::EagerPath.new(obj.to_s)
-        else
-          ReloadableTemplate::ReloadablePath.new(obj.to_s)
-        end
+        cache = !Object.const_defined?(:Rails) || Rails.configuration.cache_classes
+        Template::FileSystemPath.new(obj, :cache => cache)
       else
         obj
       end
     end
-    
+
     def initialize(*args)
       super(*args).map! { |obj| self.class.type_cast(obj) }
     end
@@ -35,9 +32,29 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
     def unshift(*objs)
       super(*objs.map { |obj| self.class.type_cast(obj) })
     end
+
+    def find_by_parts(path, extension = nil, prefix = nil, partial = false)
+      template_path = path.sub(/^\//, '')
+
+      each do |load_path|
+        if template = load_path.find_by_parts(template_path, extension, prefix, partial)
+          return template
+        end
+      end
+
+      Template.new(path, self)
+    rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate => e
+      extension ||= []
+      raise ActionView::MissingTemplate.new(self, "#{prefix}/#{path}.{#{extension.join(",")}}")
+    end
     
-    def load!
-      each(&:load!)
+    def find_by_parts?(path, extension = nil, prefix = nil, partial = false)
+      template_path = path.sub(/^\//, '')
+
+      each do |load_path|
+        return true if template = load_path.find_by_parts(template_path, extension, prefix, partial)
+      end      
+      false
     end
 
     def find_template(original_template_path, format = nil, html_fallback = true)
@@ -45,13 +62,7 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
       template_path = original_template_path.sub(/^\//, '')
 
       each do |load_path|
-        if format && (template = load_path["#{template_path}.#{I18n.locale}.#{format}"])
-          return template
-        elsif format && (template = load_path["#{template_path}.#{format}"])
-          return template
-        elsif template = load_path["#{template_path}.#{I18n.locale}"]
-          return template
-        elsif template = load_path[template_path]
+        if template = load_path.find_by_parts(template_path, format)
           return template
         # Try to find html version if the format is javascript
         elsif format == :js && html_fallback && template = load_path["#{template_path}.#{I18n.locale}.html"]
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/reloadable_template.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/reloadable_template.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 5ef833d75c..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/reloadable_template.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-module ActionView #:nodoc:
-  class ReloadableTemplate < Template
-
-    class TemplateDeleted < ActionView::ActionViewError
-    end
-
-    class ReloadablePath < Template::Path
-
-      def initialize(path)
-        super
-        @paths = {}
-        new_request!
-      end
-
-      def new_request!
-        @disk_cache = {}
-      end
-      alias_method :load!, :new_request!
-
-      def [](path)
-        if found_template = @paths[path]
-          begin
-            found_template.reset_cache_if_stale!
-          rescue TemplateDeleted
-            unregister_template(found_template)
-            self[path]
-          end
-        else
-          load_all_templates_from_dir(templates_dir_from_path(path))
-          # don't ever hand out a template without running a stale check
-          (new_template = @paths[path]) && new_template.reset_cache_if_stale!
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-        def register_template_from_file(template_full_file_path)
-          if !@paths[relative_path = relative_path_for_template_file(template_full_file_path)] && File.file?(template_full_file_path)
-            register_template(ReloadableTemplate.new(relative_path, self))
-          end
-        end
-
-        def register_template(template)
-          template.accessible_paths.each do |path|
-            @paths[path] = template
-          end
-        end
-
-        # remove (probably deleted) template from cache
-        def unregister_template(template)
-          template.accessible_paths.each do |template_path|
-            @paths.delete(template_path) if @paths[template_path] == template
-          end
-          # fill in any newly created gaps
-          @paths.values.uniq.each do |template|
-            template.accessible_paths.each {|path| @paths[path] ||= template}
-          end
-        end
-
-        # load all templates from the directory of the requested template
-        def load_all_templates_from_dir(dir)
-          # hit disk only once per template-dir/request
-          @disk_cache[dir] ||= template_files_from_dir(dir).each {|template_file| register_template_from_file(template_file)}
-        end
-
-        def templates_dir_from_path(path)
-          dirname = File.dirname(path)
-          File.join(@path, dirname == '.' ? '' : dirname)
-        end
-
-        # get all the template filenames from the dir
-        def template_files_from_dir(dir)
-          Dir.glob(File.join(dir, '*'))
-        end
-    end
-
-    module Unfreezable
-      def freeze; self; end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(*args)
-      super
-      
-      # we don't ever want to get frozen
-      extend Unfreezable
-    end
-
-    def mtime
-      File.mtime(filename)
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :previously_last_modified
-
-    def stale?
-      previously_last_modified.nil? || previously_last_modified < mtime
-    rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
-      undef_my_compiled_methods!
-      raise TemplateDeleted
-    end
-
-    def reset_cache_if_stale!
-      if stale?
-        flush_cache 'source', 'compiled_source'
-        undef_my_compiled_methods!
-        @previously_last_modified = mtime
-      end
-      self
-    end
-
-    # remove any compiled methods that look like they might belong to me
-    def undef_my_compiled_methods!
-      ActionView::Base::CompiledTemplates.public_instance_methods.grep(/#{Regexp.escape(method_name_without_locals)}(?:_locals_)?/).each do |m|
-        ActionView::Base::CompiledTemplates.send(:remove_method, m)
-      end
-    end
-
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/partials.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/partials.rb
index 9e5e0f786e..e337dcb63b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/partials.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/partials.rb
@@ -172,68 +172,156 @@ module ActionView
   module Partials
     extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
 
+    def _render_partial(options = {}) #:nodoc:
+      options[:locals] ||= {}
+
+      case path = partial = options[:partial]        
+      when *_array_like_objects
+        return _render_partial_collection(partial, options)
+      else
+        if partial.is_a?(ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder)
+          path = partial.class.to_s.demodulize.underscore.sub(/_builder$/, '')
+          options[:locals].merge!(path.to_sym => partial)
+        elsif !partial.is_a?(String)
+          options[:object] = object = partial
+          path = ActionController::RecordIdentifier.partial_path(object, controller_path)
+        end
+        _, _, prefix, object = parts = partial_parts(path, options)
+        template = find_by_parts(*parts)
+        _render_partial_object(template, options, (object unless object == true))
+      end
+    end
+
     private
-      def render_partial(options = {}) #:nodoc:
-        local_assigns = options[:locals] || {}
+      def partial_parts(name, options)
+        segments = name.split("/")
+        parts = segments.pop.split(".")
 
-        case partial_path = options[:partial]
-        when String, Symbol, NilClass
-          if options.has_key?(:collection)
-            render_partial_collection(options)
-          else
-            _pick_partial_template(partial_path).render_partial(self, options[:object], local_assigns)
+        case parts.size
+        when 1
+          parts
+        when 2, 3
+          extension = parts.delete_at(1).to_sym
+          if formats.include?(extension)
+            self.formats.replace [extension]
           end
-        when ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder
-          builder_partial_path = partial_path.class.to_s.demodulize.underscore.sub(/_builder$/, '')
-          local_assigns.merge!(builder_partial_path.to_sym => partial_path)
-          render_partial(:partial => builder_partial_path, :object => options[:object], :locals => local_assigns)
+          parts.pop if parts.size == 2
+        end
+
+        path = parts.join(".")
+        prefix = segments[0..-1].join("/")
+        prefix = prefix.blank? ? controller_path : prefix
+        parts = [path, formats, prefix]
+        parts.push options[:object] || true
+      end
+
+      def _render_partial_with_block(layout, block, options)
+        @_proc_for_layout = block
+        concat(_render_partial(options.merge(:partial => layout)))
+      ensure
+        @_proc_for_layout = nil
+      end
+  
+      def _render_partial_with_layout(layout, options)
+        if layout
+          prefix = controller && !layout.include?("/") ? controller.controller_path : nil
+          layout = find_by_parts(layout, formats, prefix, true)
+        end
+        content = _render_partial(options)
+        return _render_content_with_layout(content, layout, options[:locals])
+      end
+    
+      def _deprecated_ivar_assign(template)
+        if respond_to?(:controller)
+          ivar = :"@#{template.variable_name}"
+          object =
+            if controller.instance_variable_defined?(ivar)
+              ActiveSupport::Deprecation::DeprecatedObjectProxy.new(
+                controller.instance_variable_get(ivar),
+                "#{ivar} will no longer be implicitly assigned to #{template.variable_name}")
+            end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def _render_partial_with_block(layout, block, options)
+        @_proc_for_layout = block
+        concat(_render_partial(options.merge(:partial => layout)))
+      ensure
+        @_proc_for_layout = nil
+      end
+  
+      def _render_partial_with_layout(layout, options)
+        if layout
+          prefix = controller && !layout.include?("/") ? controller.controller_path : nil
+          layout = find_by_parts(layout, formats, prefix, true)
+        end
+        content = _render_partial(options)
+        return _render_content_with_layout(content, layout, options[:locals])
+      end
+    
+      def _deprecated_ivar_assign(template)
+        if respond_to?(:controller)
+          ivar = :"@#{template.variable_name}"
+          object =
+            if controller.instance_variable_defined?(ivar)
+              ActiveSupport::Deprecation::DeprecatedObjectProxy.new(
+                controller.instance_variable_get(ivar),
+                "#{ivar} will no longer be implicitly assigned to #{template.variable_name}")
+            end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def _array_like_objects
+        array_like = [Array]
+        if defined?(ActiveRecord)
+          array_like.push(ActiveRecord::Associations::AssociationCollection, ActiveRecord::NamedScope::Scope)
+        end
+        array_like
+      end
+
+      def _render_partial_object(template, options, object = nil)
+        if options.key?(:collection)
+          _render_partial_collection(options.delete(:collection), options, template)
         else
-          if Array === partial_path ||
-            (defined?(ActiveRecord) &&
-             (ActiveRecord::Associations::AssociationCollection === partial_path ||
-              ActiveRecord::NamedScope::Scope === partial_path))
-            render_partial_collection(options.except(:partial).merge(:collection => partial_path))
-          else
-            object = partial_path
-            render_partial(
-              :partial => ActionController::RecordIdentifier.partial_path(object, controller.class.controller_path),
-              :object => object,
-              :locals => local_assigns
-            )
-          end
+          locals = (options[:locals] ||= {})
+          object ||= locals[:object] || locals[template.variable_name]
+          
+          _set_locals(object, locals, template, options)          
+          _render_template(template, locals)
         end
       end
 
-      def render_partial_collection(options = {}) #:nodoc:
-        return nil if options[:collection].blank?
+      def _set_locals(object, locals, template, options)
+        object ||= _deprecated_ivar_assign(template)
+        locals[:object] = locals[template.variable_name] = object
+        locals[options[:as]] = object if options[:as]
+      end
+
+      def _render_partial_collection(collection, options = {}, passed_template = nil) #:nodoc:
+        return nil if collection.blank?
+        
+        spacer = options[:spacer_template] ? _render_partial(:partial => options[:spacer_template]) : ''
 
-        partial = options[:partial]
-        spacer = options[:spacer_template] ? render(:partial => options[:spacer_template]) : ''
-        local_assigns = options[:locals] ? options[:locals].clone : {}
-        as = options[:as]
+        locals = (options[:locals] ||= {})
+        index, @_partial_path = 0, nil
+        collection.map do |object|
+          template = passed_template || begin
+            _partial_path = 
+              ActionController::RecordIdentifier.partial_path(object, controller_path)
+            template = _pick_partial_template(_partial_path)
+          end
 
-        index = 0
-        options[:collection].map do |object|
-          _partial_path ||= partial ||
-            ActionController::RecordIdentifier.partial_path(object, controller.class.controller_path)
-          template = _pick_partial_template(_partial_path)
-          local_assigns[template.counter_name] = index
-          result = template.render_partial(self, object, local_assigns.dup, as)
+          _set_locals(object, locals, template, options)
+          locals[template.counter_name] = index
+          
           index += 1
-          result
+          _render_template(template, locals)
         end.join(spacer)
       end
 
       def _pick_partial_template(partial_path) #:nodoc:
-        if partial_path.include?('/')
-          path = File.join(File.dirname(partial_path), "_#{File.basename(partial_path)}")
-        elsif controller
-          path = "#{controller.class.controller_path}/_#{partial_path}"
-        else
-          path = "_#{partial_path}"
-        end
-
-        self.view_paths.find_template(path, self.template_format)
+        prefix = controller_path unless partial_path.include?('/')
+        find_by_parts(partial_path, formats, prefix, true)
       end
       memoize :_pick_partial_template
   end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a9b2acecd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/rendering.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+module ActionView
+  module Rendering
+    # Returns the result of a render that's dictated by the options hash. The primary options are:
+    #
+    # * <tt>:partial</tt> - See ActionView::Partials.
+    # * <tt>:update</tt> - Calls update_page with the block given.
+    # * <tt>:file</tt> - Renders an explicit template file (this used to be the old default), add :locals to pass in those.
+    # * <tt>:inline</tt> - Renders an inline template similar to how it's done in the controller.
+    # * <tt>:text</tt> - Renders the text passed in out.
+    #
+    # If no options hash is passed or :update specified, the default is to render a partial and use the second parameter
+    # as the locals hash.
+    def render(options = {}, local_assigns = {}, &block) #:nodoc:
+      local_assigns ||= {}
+
+      @exempt_from_layout = true
+
+      case options
+      when Hash
+        options[:locals] ||= {}
+        layout = options[:layout]
+            
+        return _render_partial_with_layout(layout, options) if options.key?(:partial)
+        return _render_partial_with_block(layout, block, options) if block_given?
+    
+        layout = find_by_parts(layout, formats) if layout
+    
+        if file = options[:file]
+          template = find_by_parts(file, formats)
+          _render_template_with_layout(template, layout, :locals => options[:locals])
+        elsif inline = options[:inline]
+          _render_inline(inline, layout, options)
+        elsif text = options[:text]
+          _render_text(text, layout, options)
+        end
+      when :update
+        update_page(&block)
+      when String, NilClass
+        _render_partial(:partial => options, :locals => local_assigns)
+      end
+    end
+    
+    def _render_content_with_layout(content, layout, locals)
+      return content unless layout
+  
+      locals ||= {}
+
+      if controller && layout
+        response.layout = layout.path_without_format_and_extension if controller.respond_to?(:response)
+        logger.info("Rendering template within #{layout.path_without_format_and_extension}") if logger
+      end
+  
+      begin
+        original_content_for_layout = @content_for_layout if defined?(@content_for_layout)
+        @content_for_layout = content
+
+        @cached_content_for_layout = @content_for_layout
+        _render_template(layout, locals)
+      ensure
+        @content_for_layout = original_content_for_layout
+      end
+    end
+
+    def _render_template(template, local_assigns = {})
+      with_template(template) do
+        _evaluate_assigns_and_ivars
+        _set_controller_content_type(template.mime_type) if template.respond_to?(:mime_type)
+
+        template.render(self, local_assigns) do |*names|
+          if !instance_variable_defined?(:"@content_for_#{names.first}") && 
+          instance_variable_defined?(:@_proc_for_layout) && (proc = @_proc_for_layout)
+            capture(*names, &proc)
+          elsif instance_variable_defined?(ivar = :"@content_for_#{names.first || :layout}")
+            instance_variable_get(ivar)
+          end        
+        end
+      end
+    rescue Exception => e
+      raise e if template.is_a?(InlineTemplate) || !template.filename
+      if TemplateError === e
+        e.sub_template_of(template)
+        raise e
+      else
+        raise TemplateError.new(template, assigns, e)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def _render_inline(inline, layout, options)
+      content = _render_template(InlineTemplate.new(options[:inline], options[:type]), options[:locals] || {})
+      layout ? _render_content_with_layout(content, layout, options[:locals]) : content
+    end
+
+    def _render_text(text, layout, options)
+      layout ? _render_content_with_layout(text, layout, options[:locals]) : text
+    end
+
+    def _render_template_with_layout(template, layout = nil, options = {}, partial = false)
+      if controller && logger
+        logger.info("Rendering #{template.path_without_extension}" + 
+          (options[:status] ? " (#{options[:status]})" : ''))
+      end
+  
+      content = if partial
+        object = partial unless partial == true
+        _render_partial_object(template, options, object)
+      else
+        _render_template(template, options[:locals] || {})
+      end
+  
+      return content unless layout && !template.exempt_from_layout?
+      _render_content_with_layout(content, layout, options[:locals] || {})
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/renderable_partial.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/renderable_partial.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index 3ea836fa25..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/renderable_partial.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-module ActionView
-  # NOTE: The template that this mixin is being included into is frozen
-  # so you cannot set or modify any instance variables
-  module RenderablePartial #:nodoc:
-    extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
-
-    def variable_name
-      name.sub(/\A_/, '').to_sym
-    end
-    memoize :variable_name
-
-    def counter_name
-      "#{variable_name}_counter".to_sym
-    end
-    memoize :counter_name
-
-    def render(view, local_assigns = {})
-      if defined? ActionController
-        ActionController::Base.benchmark("Rendered #{path_without_format_and_extension}", Logger::DEBUG, false) do
-          super
-        end
-      else
-        super
-      end
-    end
-
-    def render_partial(view, object = nil, local_assigns = {}, as = nil)
-      object ||= local_assigns[:object] || local_assigns[variable_name]
-
-      if object.nil? && view.respond_to?(:controller)
-        ivar = :"@#{variable_name}"
-        object =
-          if view.controller.instance_variable_defined?(ivar)
-            ActiveSupport::Deprecation::DeprecatedObjectProxy.new(
-              view.controller.instance_variable_get(ivar),
-              "#{ivar} will no longer be implicitly assigned to #{variable_name}")
-          end
-      end
-
-      # Ensure correct object is reassigned to other accessors
-      local_assigns[:object] = local_assigns[variable_name] = object
-      local_assigns[as] = object if as
-
-      render_template(view, local_assigns)
-    end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template.rb
deleted file mode 100644
index c339c8a554..0000000000
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template.rb
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,257 +0,0 @@
-module ActionView #:nodoc:
-  class Template
-    class Path
-      attr_reader :path, :paths
-      delegate :hash, :inspect, :to => :path
-
-      def initialize(path)
-        raise ArgumentError, "path already is a Path class" if path.is_a?(Path)
-        @path = (path.ends_with?(File::SEPARATOR) ? path.to(-2) : path).freeze
-      end
-
-      def to_s
-        if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
-          path.to_s.sub(/^#{Regexp.escape(File.expand_path(RAILS_ROOT))}\//, '')
-        else
-          path.to_s
-        end
-      end
-
-      def to_str
-        path.to_str
-      end
-
-      def ==(path)
-        to_str == path.to_str
-      end
-
-      def eql?(path)
-        to_str == path.to_str
-      end
-
-      # Returns a ActionView::Template object for the given path string. The
-      # input path should be relative to the view path directory,
-      # +hello/index.html.erb+. This method also has a special exception to
-      # match partial file names without a handler extension. So
-      # +hello/index.html+ will match the first template it finds with a
-      # known template extension, +hello/index.html.erb+. Template extensions
-      # should not be confused with format extensions +html+, +js+, +xml+,
-      # etc. A format must be supplied to match a formated file. +hello/index+
-      # will never match +hello/index.html.erb+.
-      def [](path)
-      end
-
-      def load!
-      end
-
-      def self.new_and_loaded(path)
-        returning new(path) do |path|
-          path.load!
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-        def relative_path_for_template_file(full_file_path)
-          full_file_path.split("#{@path}/").last
-        end
-    end
-
-    class EagerPath < Path
-      def load!
-        return if @loaded
-        
-        @paths = {}
-        templates_in_path do |template|
-          template.load!
-          template.accessible_paths.each do |path|
-            @paths[path] = template
-          end
-        end
-        @paths.freeze
-        @loaded = true
-      end
-
-      def [](path)
-        load! unless @loaded
-        @paths[path]
-      end
-
-      private
-        def templates_in_path
-          (Dir.glob("#{@path}/**/*/**") | Dir.glob("#{@path}/**")).each do |file|
-            yield create_template(file) unless File.directory?(file)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def create_template(file)
-          Template.new(relative_path_for_template_file(file), self)
-        end
-    end
-
-    extend TemplateHandlers
-    extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
-    include Renderable
-
-    # Templates that are exempt from layouts
-    @@exempt_from_layout = Set.new([/\.rjs$/])
-
-    # Don't render layouts for templates with the given extensions.
-    def self.exempt_from_layout(*extensions)
-      regexps = extensions.collect do |extension|
-        extension.is_a?(Regexp) ? extension : /\.#{Regexp.escape(extension.to_s)}$/
-      end
-      @@exempt_from_layout.merge(regexps)
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :template_path, :filename, :load_path, :base_path
-    attr_accessor :locale, :name, :format, :extension
-    delegate :to_s, :to => :path
-
-    def initialize(template_path, load_path)
-      @template_path = template_path.dup
-      @load_path, @filename = load_path, File.join(load_path, template_path)
-      @base_path, @name, @locale, @format, @extension = split(template_path)
-      @base_path.to_s.gsub!(/\/$/, '') # Push to split method
-
-      # Extend with partial super powers
-      extend RenderablePartial if @name =~ /^_/
-    end
-
-    def accessible_paths
-      paths = []
-
-      if valid_extension?(extension)
-        paths << path
-        paths << path_without_extension
-        if multipart?
-          formats = format.split(".")
-          paths << "#{path_without_format_and_extension}.#{formats.first}"
-          paths << "#{path_without_format_and_extension}.#{formats.second}"
-        end
-      else
-        # template without explicit template handler should only be reachable through its exact path
-        paths << template_path
-      end
-
-      paths
-    end
-
-    def format_and_extension
-      (extensions = [format, extension].compact.join(".")).blank? ? nil : extensions
-    end
-    memoize :format_and_extension
-
-    def multipart?
-      format && format.include?('.')
-    end
-
-    def content_type
-      format.gsub('.', '/')
-    end
-
-    def mime_type
-      Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(format) if format && defined?(::Mime)
-    end
-    memoize :mime_type
-
-    def path
-      [base_path, [name, locale, format, extension].compact.join('.')].compact.join('/')
-    end
-    memoize :path
-
-    def path_without_extension
-      [base_path, [name, locale, format].compact.join('.')].compact.join('/')
-    end
-    memoize :path_without_extension
-
-    def path_without_format_and_extension
-      [base_path, [name, locale].compact.join('.')].compact.join('/')
-    end
-    memoize :path_without_format_and_extension
-
-    def relative_path
-      path = File.expand_path(filename)
-      path.sub!(/^#{Regexp.escape(File.expand_path(RAILS_ROOT))}\//, '') if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
-      path
-    end
-    memoize :relative_path
-
-    def exempt_from_layout?
-      @@exempt_from_layout.any? { |exempted| path =~ exempted }
-    end
-
-    def source
-      File.read(filename)
-    end
-    memoize :source
-
-    def method_segment
-      relative_path.to_s.gsub(/([^a-zA-Z0-9_])/) { $1.ord }
-    end
-    memoize :method_segment
-
-    def render_template(view, local_assigns = {})
-      render(view, local_assigns)
-    rescue Exception => e
-      raise e unless filename
-      if TemplateError === e
-        e.sub_template_of(self)
-        raise e
-      else
-        raise TemplateError.new(self, view.assigns, e)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def load!
-      freeze
-    end
-
-    private
-      def valid_extension?(extension)
-        !Template.registered_template_handler(extension).nil?
-      end
-
-      def valid_locale?(locale)
-        I18n.available_locales.include?(locale.to_sym)
-      end
-
-      # Returns file split into an array
-      #   [base_path, name, locale, format, extension]
-      def split(file)
-        if m = file.to_s.match(/^(.*\/)?([^\.]+)\.(.*)$/)
-          base_path = m[1]
-          name = m[2]
-          extensions = m[3]
-        else
-          return
-        end
-
-        locale = nil
-        format = nil
-        extension = nil
-
-        if m = extensions.split(".")
-          if valid_locale?(m[0]) && m[1] && valid_extension?(m[2]) # All three
-            locale = m[0]
-            format = m[1]
-            extension = m[2]
-          elsif m[0] && m[1] && valid_extension?(m[2]) # Multipart formats
-            format = "#{m[0]}.#{m[1]}"
-            extension = m[2]
-          elsif valid_locale?(m[0]) && valid_extension?(m[1]) # locale and extension
-            locale = m[0]
-            extension = m[1]
-          elsif valid_extension?(m[1]) # format and extension
-            format = m[0]
-            extension = m[1]
-          elsif valid_extension?(m[0]) # Just extension
-            extension = m[0]
-          else # No extension
-            format = m[0]
-          end
-        end
-
-        [base_path, name, locale, format, extension]
-      end
-  end
-end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_error.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/error.rb
index 37cb1c7c6c..37cb1c7c6c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_error.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/error.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handler.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handler.rb
index 672da0ed2b..672da0ed2b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handler.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handler.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers.rb
index 205f8628f0..fb85f28851 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 module ActionView #:nodoc:
   module TemplateHandlers #:nodoc:
-    autoload :ERB, 'action_view/template_handlers/erb'
-    autoload :RJS, 'action_view/template_handlers/rjs'
-    autoload :Builder, 'action_view/template_handlers/builder'
+    autoload :ERB, 'action_view/template/handlers/erb'
+    autoload :RJS, 'action_view/template/handlers/rjs'
+    autoload :Builder, 'action_view/template/handlers/builder'
 
     def self.extended(base)
       base.register_default_template_handler :erb, TemplateHandlers::ERB
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers/builder.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers/builder.rb
index 788dc93326..788dc93326 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers/builder.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers/builder.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers/erb.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb
index e3120ba267..a20b1b0cd3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers/erb.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers/erb.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'erb'
+
 module ActionView
   module TemplateHandlers
     class ERB < TemplateHandler
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers/rjs.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers/rjs.rb
index 41a1fddb47..802a79b3fc 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template_handlers/rjs.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/handlers/rjs.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ module ActionView
       include Compilable
 
       def compile(template)
-        "@template_format = :html;" +
+        "@formats = [:html];" +
         "controller.response.content_type ||= Mime::JS;" +
           "update_page do |page|;#{template.source}\nend"
       end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/inline_template.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/inline.rb
index 54efa543c8..54efa543c8 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/inline_template.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/inline.rb
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/partial.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/partial.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..30dec1dc5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/partial.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+module ActionView
+  # NOTE: The template that this mixin is being included into is frozen
+  # so you cannot set or modify any instance variables
+  module RenderablePartial #:nodoc:
+    extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
+
+    def variable_name
+      name.sub(/\A_/, '').to_sym
+    end
+    memoize :variable_name
+
+    def counter_name
+      "#{variable_name}_counter".to_sym
+    end
+    memoize :counter_name
+
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/path.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/path.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9709549b70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/path.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+module ActionView
+  class Template
+    class Path
+      attr_reader :path, :paths
+      delegate :hash, :inspect, :to => :path
+      
+      def initialize(options)
+        @cache = options[:cache]
+      end
+
+      def to_s
+        if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+          path.to_s.sub(/^#{Regexp.escape(File.expand_path(RAILS_ROOT))}\//, '')
+        else
+          path.to_s
+        end
+      end
+
+      def to_str
+        path.to_str
+      end
+
+      def ==(path)
+        to_str == path.to_str
+      end
+
+      def eql?(path)
+        to_str == path.to_str
+      end
+
+      def find_by_parts(name, extensions = nil, prefix = nil, partial = nil)
+        path = prefix ? "#{prefix}/" : ""
+    
+        name = name.to_s.split("/")
+        name[-1] = "_#{name[-1]}" if partial
+    
+        path << name.join("/")
+
+        template = nil
+
+        Array(extensions).each do |extension|
+          extensioned_path = extension ? "#{path}.#{extension}" : path
+          break if (template = find_template(extensioned_path))
+        end
+        template || find_template(path)
+      end
+  
+    private
+      def create_template(file)
+        Template.new(file.split("#{self}/").last, self)
+      end
+    end
+
+    class FileSystemPath < Path
+      def initialize(path, options = {})
+        raise ArgumentError, "path already is a Path class" if path.is_a?(Path)        
+        
+        super(options)
+        @path, @paths = path, {}
+        
+        # **/*/** is a hax for symlinked directories
+        load_templates("#{@path}/{**/*,**}/**") if @cache
+      end
+
+    private
+    
+      def load_template(template)
+        template.load!
+        template.accessible_paths.each do |path|
+          @paths[path] = template
+        end
+      end
+    
+      def find_template(path)
+        load_templates("#{@path}/#{path}{,.*}") unless @cache
+        @paths[path]
+      end    
+    
+      def load_templates(glob)
+        Dir[glob].each do |file|
+          load_template(create_template(file)) unless File.directory?(file)
+        end
+      end
+      
+    end
+  end
+end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/renderable.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/renderable.rb
index ff7bc7d9de..54857516ab 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/renderable.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/renderable.rb
@@ -6,6 +6,23 @@ module ActionView
   module Renderable #:nodoc:
     extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
 
+    def render(view, locals)
+      compile(locals)
+      view.send(method_name(locals), locals) {|*args| yield(*args) }
+    end
+    
+    def load!
+      names = Base::CompiledTemplates.instance_methods.grep(/#{method_name_without_locals}/)
+      names.each do |name|
+        Base::CompiledTemplates.class_eval do
+          remove_method(name)
+        end
+      end
+      super
+    end
+    
+  private
+  
     def filename
       'compiled-template'
     end
@@ -18,30 +35,13 @@ module ActionView
     def compiled_source
       handler.call(self)
     end
+    memoize :compiled_source
 
     def method_name_without_locals
       ['_run', extension, method_segment].compact.join('_')
     end
     memoize :method_name_without_locals
 
-    def render(view, local_assigns = {})
-      compile(local_assigns)
-
-      view.with_template self do
-        view.send(:_evaluate_assigns_and_ivars)
-        view.send(:_set_controller_content_type, mime_type) if respond_to?(:mime_type)
-
-        view.send(method_name(local_assigns), local_assigns) do |*names|
-          ivar = :@_proc_for_layout
-          if !view.instance_variable_defined?(:"@content_for_#{names.first}") && view.instance_variable_defined?(ivar) && (proc = view.instance_variable_get(ivar))
-            view.capture(*names, &proc)
-          elsif view.instance_variable_defined?(ivar = :"@content_for_#{names.first || :layout}")
-            view.instance_variable_get(ivar)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
     def method_name(local_assigns)
       if local_assigns && local_assigns.any?
         method_name = method_name_without_locals.dup
@@ -52,16 +52,16 @@ module ActionView
       method_name.to_sym
     end
 
-    private
-      # Compile and evaluate the template's code (if necessary)
-      def compile(local_assigns)
-        render_symbol = method_name(local_assigns)
+    # Compile and evaluate the template's code (if necessary)
+    def compile(local_assigns)
+      render_symbol = method_name(local_assigns)
 
-        if !Base::CompiledTemplates.method_defined?(render_symbol) || recompile?
-          compile!(render_symbol, local_assigns)
-        end
+      if !Base::CompiledTemplates.method_defined?(render_symbol) || recompile?
+        compile!(render_symbol, local_assigns)
       end
+    end
 
+    private
       def compile!(render_symbol, local_assigns)
         locals_code = local_assigns.keys.map { |key| "#{key} = local_assigns[:#{key}];" }.join
 
@@ -74,9 +74,7 @@ module ActionView
         end_src
 
         begin
-          ActionView::Base::CompiledTemplates.module_eval(source, filename, 0)
-        rescue Errno::ENOENT => e
-          raise e # Missing template file, re-raise for Base to rescue
+          ActionView::Base::CompiledTemplates.module_eval(source, filename.to_s, 0)
         rescue Exception => e # errors from template code
           if logger = defined?(ActionController) && Base.logger
             logger.debug "ERROR: compiling #{render_symbol} RAISED #{e}"
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/template.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/template.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0d2f201458
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/template.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+require "action_view/template/path"
+
+module ActionView #:nodoc:
+  class Template
+    extend TemplateHandlers
+    extend ActiveSupport::Memoizable
+    
+    module Loading
+      def load!
+        @cached = true
+        # freeze
+      end    
+    end
+    include Loading    
+    
+    include Renderable
+
+    # Templates that are exempt from layouts
+    @@exempt_from_layout = Set.new([/\.rjs$/])
+
+    # Don't render layouts for templates with the given extensions.
+    def self.exempt_from_layout(*extensions)
+      regexps = extensions.collect do |extension|
+        extension.is_a?(Regexp) ? extension : /\.#{Regexp.escape(extension.to_s)}$/
+      end
+      @@exempt_from_layout.merge(regexps)
+    end
+
+    attr_accessor :template_path, :filename, :load_path, :base_path
+    attr_accessor :locale, :name, :format, :extension
+    delegate :to_s, :to => :path
+
+    def initialize(template_path, load_paths = [])
+      template_path = template_path.dup
+      @load_path, @filename = find_full_path(template_path, load_paths)
+      @base_path, @name, @locale, @format, @extension = split(template_path)
+      @base_path.to_s.gsub!(/\/$/, '') # Push to split method
+
+      # Extend with partial super powers
+      extend RenderablePartial if @name =~ /^_/
+    end
+    
+    def accessible_paths
+      paths = []
+
+      if valid_extension?(extension)
+        paths << path
+        paths << path_without_extension
+        if multipart?
+          formats = format.split(".")
+          paths << "#{path_without_format_and_extension}.#{formats.first}"
+          paths << "#{path_without_format_and_extension}.#{formats.second}"
+        end
+      else
+        # template without explicit template handler should only be reachable through its exact path
+        paths << template_path
+      end
+
+      paths
+    end
+    
+    def relative_path
+      path = File.expand_path(filename)
+      path.sub!(/^#{Regexp.escape(File.expand_path(RAILS_ROOT))}\//, '') if defined?(RAILS_ROOT)
+      path
+    end
+    memoize :relative_path
+    
+    def source
+      File.read(filename)
+    end
+    memoize :source
+    
+    def exempt_from_layout?
+      @@exempt_from_layout.any? { |exempted| path =~ exempted }
+    end    
+    
+    def path_without_extension
+      [base_path, [name, locale, format].compact.join('.')].compact.join('/')
+    end
+    memoize :path_without_extension    
+
+    def path_without_format_and_extension
+      [base_path, [name, locale].compact.join('.')].compact.join('/')
+    end
+    memoize :path_without_format_and_extension
+    
+    def path
+      [base_path, [name, locale, format, extension].compact.join('.')].compact.join('/')
+    end
+    memoize :path
+    
+    def mime_type
+      Mime::Type.lookup_by_extension(format) if format && defined?(::Mime)
+    end
+    memoize :mime_type      
+    
+    def multipart?
+      format && format.include?('.')
+    end    
+    
+    def content_type
+      format.gsub('.', '/')
+    end    
+    
+  private
+    
+    def format_and_extension
+      (extensions = [format, extension].compact.join(".")).blank? ? nil : extensions
+    end
+    memoize :format_and_extension
+
+    def mtime
+      File.mtime(filename)
+    end
+    memoize :mtime
+
+    def method_segment
+      relative_path.to_s.gsub(/([^a-zA-Z0-9_])/) { $1.ord }
+    end
+    memoize :method_segment
+
+    def stale?
+      File.mtime(filename) > mtime
+    end
+
+    def recompile?
+      !@cached
+    end
+
+    def valid_extension?(extension)
+      !Template.registered_template_handler(extension).nil?
+    end
+
+    def valid_locale?(locale)
+      I18n.available_locales.include?(locale.to_sym)
+    end
+
+    def find_full_path(path, load_paths)
+      load_paths = Array(load_paths) + [nil]
+      load_paths.each do |load_path|
+        file = load_path ? "#{load_path.to_str}/#{path}" : path
+        return load_path, file if File.file?(file)
+      end
+      raise MissingTemplate.new(load_paths, path)
+    end
+
+    # Returns file split into an array
+    #   [base_path, name, locale, format, extension]
+    def split(file)
+      if m = file.to_s.match(/^(.*\/)?([^\.]+)\.(.*)$/)
+        base_path = m[1]
+        name = m[2]
+        extensions = m[3]
+      else
+        return
+      end
+
+      locale = nil
+      format = nil
+      extension = nil
+
+      if m = extensions.split(".")
+        if valid_locale?(m[0]) && m[1] && valid_extension?(m[2]) # All three
+          locale = m[0]
+          format = m[1]
+          extension = m[2]
+        elsif m[0] && m[1] && valid_extension?(m[2]) # Multipart formats
+          format = "#{m[0]}.#{m[1]}"
+          extension = m[2]
+        elsif valid_locale?(m[0]) && valid_extension?(m[1]) # locale and extension
+          locale = m[0]
+          extension = m[1]
+        elsif valid_extension?(m[1]) # format and extension
+          format = m[0]
+          extension = m[1]
+        elsif valid_extension?(m[0]) # Just extension
+          extension = m[0]
+        else # No extension
+          format = m[0]
+        end
+      end
+
+      [base_path, name, locale, format, extension]
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/text.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/text.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f81174d707
--- /dev/null
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/text.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+module ActionView #:nodoc:
+  class TextTemplate < String #:nodoc:
+    
+    def render(*) self end
+    
+    def exempt_from_layout?() false end
+    
+  end
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb
index ec337bb05b..c8f204046b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb
@@ -7,18 +7,15 @@ module ActionView
       @_rendered = { :template => nil, :partials => Hash.new(0) }
       initialize_without_template_tracking(*args)
     end
-  end
-
-  module Renderable
-    alias_method :render_without_template_tracking, :render
-    def render(view, local_assigns = {})
-      if respond_to?(:path) && !is_a?(InlineTemplate)
-        rendered = view.instance_variable_get(:@_rendered)
-        rendered[:partials][self] += 1 if is_a?(RenderablePartial)
-        rendered[:template] ||= self
+    
+    alias_method :_render_template_without_template_tracking, :_render_template
+    def _render_template(template, local_assigns = {})
+      if template.respond_to?(:path) && !template.is_a?(InlineTemplate)
+        @_rendered[:partials][template] += 1 if template.is_a?(RenderablePartial)
+        @_rendered[:template] ||= template
       end
-      render_without_template_tracking(view, local_assigns)
-    end
+      _render_template_without_template_tracking(template, local_assigns)
+    end    
   end
 
   class TestCase < ActiveSupport::TestCase