diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb')
| -rw-r--r-- | actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb | 697 |
1 files changed, 697 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..26d3fd936f --- /dev/null +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb @@ -0,0 +1,697 @@ +# frozen_string_literal: true + +require "active_support/core_ext/hash/keys" +require "active_support/key_generator" +require "active_support/message_verifier" +require "active_support/json" +require "rack/utils" + +module ActionDispatch + class Request + def cookie_jar + fetch_header("action_dispatch.cookies") do + self.cookie_jar = Cookies::CookieJar.build(self, cookies) + end + end + + # :stopdoc: + prepend Module.new { + def commit_cookie_jar! + cookie_jar.commit! + end + } + + def have_cookie_jar? + has_header? "action_dispatch.cookies" + end + + def cookie_jar=(jar) + set_header "action_dispatch.cookies", jar + end + + def key_generator + get_header Cookies::GENERATOR_KEY + end + + def signed_cookie_salt + get_header Cookies::SIGNED_COOKIE_SALT + end + + def encrypted_cookie_salt + get_header Cookies::ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_SALT + end + + def encrypted_signed_cookie_salt + get_header Cookies::ENCRYPTED_SIGNED_COOKIE_SALT + end + + def authenticated_encrypted_cookie_salt + get_header Cookies::AUTHENTICATED_ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_SALT + end + + def use_authenticated_cookie_encryption + get_header Cookies::USE_AUTHENTICATED_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION + end + + def encrypted_cookie_cipher + get_header Cookies::ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_CIPHER + end + + def signed_cookie_digest + get_header Cookies::SIGNED_COOKIE_DIGEST + end + + def secret_token + get_header Cookies::SECRET_TOKEN + end + + def secret_key_base + get_header Cookies::SECRET_KEY_BASE + end + + def cookies_serializer + get_header Cookies::COOKIES_SERIALIZER + end + + def cookies_digest + get_header Cookies::COOKIES_DIGEST + end + + def cookies_rotations + get_header Cookies::COOKIES_ROTATIONS + end + + def use_cookies_with_metadata + get_header Cookies::USE_COOKIES_WITH_METADATA + end + + # :startdoc: + end + + # \Cookies are read and written through ActionController#cookies. + # + # The cookies being read are the ones received along with the request, the cookies + # being written will be sent out with the response. Reading a cookie does not get + # the cookie object itself back, just the value it holds. + # + # Examples of writing: + # + # # Sets a simple session cookie. + # # This cookie will be deleted when the user's browser is closed. + # cookies[:user_name] = "david" + # + # # Cookie values are String based. Other data types need to be serialized. + # cookies[:lat_lon] = JSON.generate([47.68, -122.37]) + # + # # Sets a cookie that expires in 1 hour. + # cookies[:login] = { value: "XJ-122", expires: 1.hour } + # + # # Sets a cookie that expires at a specific time. + # cookies[:login] = { value: "XJ-122", expires: Time.utc(2020, 10, 15, 5) } + # + # # Sets a signed cookie, which prevents users from tampering with its value. + # # It can be read using the signed method `cookies.signed[:name]` + # cookies.signed[:user_id] = current_user.id + # + # # Sets an encrypted cookie value before sending it to the client which + # # prevent users from reading and tampering with its value. + # # It can be read using the encrypted method `cookies.encrypted[:name]` + # cookies.encrypted[:discount] = 45 + # + # # Sets a "permanent" cookie (which expires in 20 years from now). + # cookies.permanent[:login] = "XJ-122" + # + # # You can also chain these methods: + # cookies.signed.permanent[:login] = "XJ-122" + # + # Examples of reading: + # + # cookies[:user_name] # => "david" + # cookies.size # => 2 + # JSON.parse(cookies[:lat_lon]) # => [47.68, -122.37] + # cookies.signed[:login] # => "XJ-122" + # cookies.encrypted[:discount] # => 45 + # + # Example for deleting: + # + # cookies.delete :user_name + # + # Please note that if you specify a :domain when setting a cookie, you must also specify the domain when deleting the cookie: + # + # cookies[:name] = { + # value: 'a yummy cookie', + # expires: 1.year, + # domain: 'domain.com' + # } + # + # cookies.delete(:name, domain: 'domain.com') + # + # The option symbols for setting cookies are: + # + # * <tt>:value</tt> - The cookie's value. + # * <tt>:path</tt> - The path for which this cookie applies. Defaults to the root + # of the application. + # * <tt>:domain</tt> - The domain for which this cookie applies so you can + # restrict to the domain level. If you use a schema like www.example.com + # and want to share session with user.example.com set <tt>:domain</tt> + # to <tt>:all</tt>. Make sure to specify the <tt>:domain</tt> option with + # <tt>:all</tt> or <tt>Array</tt> again when deleting cookies. + # + # domain: nil # Does not set cookie domain. (default) + # domain: :all # Allow the cookie for the top most level + # # domain and subdomains. + # domain: %w(.example.com .example.org) # Allow the cookie + # # for concrete domain names. + # + # * <tt>:tld_length</tt> - When using <tt>:domain => :all</tt>, this option can be used to explicitly + # set the TLD length when using a short (<= 3 character) domain that is being interpreted as part of a TLD. + # For example, to share cookies between user1.lvh.me and user2.lvh.me, set <tt>:tld_length</tt> to 2. + # * <tt>:expires</tt> - The time at which this cookie expires, as a \Time or ActiveSupport::Duration object. + # * <tt>:secure</tt> - Whether this cookie is only transmitted to HTTPS servers. + # Default is +false+. + # * <tt>:httponly</tt> - Whether this cookie is accessible via scripting or + # only HTTP. Defaults to +false+. + class Cookies + HTTP_HEADER = "Set-Cookie" + GENERATOR_KEY = "action_dispatch.key_generator" + SIGNED_COOKIE_SALT = "action_dispatch.signed_cookie_salt" + ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_SALT = "action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt" + ENCRYPTED_SIGNED_COOKIE_SALT = "action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt" + AUTHENTICATED_ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_SALT = "action_dispatch.authenticated_encrypted_cookie_salt" + USE_AUTHENTICATED_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION = "action_dispatch.use_authenticated_cookie_encryption" + ENCRYPTED_COOKIE_CIPHER = "action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_cipher" + SIGNED_COOKIE_DIGEST = "action_dispatch.signed_cookie_digest" + SECRET_TOKEN = "action_dispatch.secret_token" + SECRET_KEY_BASE = "action_dispatch.secret_key_base" + COOKIES_SERIALIZER = "action_dispatch.cookies_serializer" + COOKIES_DIGEST = "action_dispatch.cookies_digest" + COOKIES_ROTATIONS = "action_dispatch.cookies_rotations" + USE_COOKIES_WITH_METADATA = "action_dispatch.use_cookies_with_metadata" + + # Cookies can typically store 4096 bytes. + MAX_COOKIE_SIZE = 4096 + + # Raised when storing more than 4K of session data. + CookieOverflow = Class.new StandardError + + # Include in a cookie jar to allow chaining, e.g. cookies.permanent.signed. + module ChainedCookieJars + # Returns a jar that'll automatically set the assigned cookies to have an expiration date 20 years from now. Example: + # + # cookies.permanent[:prefers_open_id] = true + # # => Set-Cookie: prefers_open_id=true; path=/; expires=Sun, 16-Dec-2029 03:24:16 GMT + # + # This jar is only meant for writing. You'll read permanent cookies through the regular accessor. + # + # This jar allows chaining with the signed jar as well, so you can set permanent, signed cookies. Examples: + # + # cookies.permanent.signed[:remember_me] = current_user.id + # # => Set-Cookie: remember_me=BAhU--848956038e692d7046deab32b7131856ab20e14e; path=/; expires=Sun, 16-Dec-2029 03:24:16 GMT + def permanent + @permanent ||= PermanentCookieJar.new(self) + end + + # Returns a jar that'll automatically generate a signed representation of cookie value and verify it when reading from + # the cookie again. This is useful for creating cookies with values that the user is not supposed to change. If a signed + # cookie was tampered with by the user (or a 3rd party), +nil+ will be returned. + # + # If +secret_key_base+ and +secrets.secret_token+ (deprecated) are both set, + # legacy cookies signed with the old key generator will be transparently upgraded. + # + # This jar requires that you set a suitable secret for the verification on your app's +secret_key_base+. + # + # Example: + # + # cookies.signed[:discount] = 45 + # # => Set-Cookie: discount=BAhpMg==--2c1c6906c90a3bc4fd54a51ffb41dffa4bf6b5f7; path=/ + # + # cookies.signed[:discount] # => 45 + def signed + @signed ||= SignedKeyRotatingCookieJar.new(self) + end + + # Returns a jar that'll automatically encrypt cookie values before sending them to the client and will decrypt them for read. + # If the cookie was tampered with by the user (or a 3rd party), +nil+ will be returned. + # + # If +secret_key_base+ and +secrets.secret_token+ (deprecated) are both set, + # legacy cookies signed with the old key generator will be transparently upgraded. + # + # If +config.action_dispatch.encrypted_cookie_salt+ and +config.action_dispatch.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt+ + # are both set, legacy cookies encrypted with HMAC AES-256-CBC will be transparently upgraded. + # + # This jar requires that you set a suitable secret for the verification on your app's +secret_key_base+. + # + # Example: + # + # cookies.encrypted[:discount] = 45 + # # => Set-Cookie: discount=DIQ7fw==--K3n//8vvnSbGq9dA--7Xh91HfLpwzbj1czhBiwOg==; path=/ + # + # cookies.encrypted[:discount] # => 45 + def encrypted + @encrypted ||= EncryptedKeyRotatingCookieJar.new(self) + end + + # Returns the +signed+ or +encrypted+ jar, preferring +encrypted+ if +secret_key_base+ is set. + # Used by ActionDispatch::Session::CookieStore to avoid the need to introduce new cookie stores. + def signed_or_encrypted + @signed_or_encrypted ||= + if request.secret_key_base.present? + encrypted + else + signed + end + end + + private + + def upgrade_legacy_signed_cookies? + request.secret_token.present? && request.secret_key_base.present? + end + + def upgrade_legacy_hmac_aes_cbc_cookies? + request.secret_key_base.present? && + request.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt.present? && + request.encrypted_cookie_salt.present? && + request.use_authenticated_cookie_encryption + end + + def encrypted_cookie_cipher + request.encrypted_cookie_cipher || "aes-256-gcm" + end + + def signed_cookie_digest + request.signed_cookie_digest || "SHA1" + end + end + + class CookieJar #:nodoc: + include Enumerable, ChainedCookieJars + + # This regular expression is used to split the levels of a domain. + # The top level domain can be any string without a period or + # **.**, ***.** style TLDs like co.uk or com.au + # + # www.example.co.uk gives: + # $& => example.co.uk + # + # example.com gives: + # $& => example.com + # + # lots.of.subdomains.example.local gives: + # $& => example.local + DOMAIN_REGEXP = /[^.]*\.([^.]*|..\...|...\...)$/ + + def self.build(req, cookies) + new(req).tap do |hash| + hash.update(cookies) + end + end + + attr_reader :request + + def initialize(request) + @set_cookies = {} + @delete_cookies = {} + @request = request + @cookies = {} + @committed = false + end + + def committed?; @committed; end + + def commit! + @committed = true + @set_cookies.freeze + @delete_cookies.freeze + end + + def each(&block) + @cookies.each(&block) + end + + # Returns the value of the cookie by +name+, or +nil+ if no such cookie exists. + def [](name) + @cookies[name.to_s] + end + + def fetch(name, *args, &block) + @cookies.fetch(name.to_s, *args, &block) + end + + def key?(name) + @cookies.key?(name.to_s) + end + alias :has_key? :key? + + # Returns the cookies as Hash. + alias :to_hash :to_h + + def update(other_hash) + @cookies.update other_hash.stringify_keys + self + end + + def update_cookies_from_jar + request_jar = @request.cookie_jar.instance_variable_get(:@cookies) + set_cookies = request_jar.reject { |k, _| @delete_cookies.key?(k) } + + @cookies.update set_cookies if set_cookies + end + + def to_header + @cookies.map { |k, v| "#{escape(k)}=#{escape(v)}" }.join "; " + end + + def handle_options(options) # :nodoc: + if options[:expires].respond_to?(:from_now) + options[:expires] = options[:expires].from_now + end + + options[:path] ||= "/" + + if options[:domain] == :all || options[:domain] == "all" + # If there is a provided tld length then we use it otherwise default domain regexp. + domain_regexp = options[:tld_length] ? /([^.]+\.?){#{options[:tld_length]}}$/ : DOMAIN_REGEXP + + # If host is not ip and matches domain regexp. + # (ip confirms to domain regexp so we explicitly check for ip) + options[:domain] = if (request.host !~ /^[\d.]+$/) && (request.host =~ domain_regexp) + ".#{$&}" + end + elsif options[:domain].is_a? Array + # If host matches one of the supplied domains without a dot in front of it. + options[:domain] = options[:domain].find { |domain| request.host.include? domain.sub(/^\./, "") } + end + end + + # Sets the cookie named +name+. The second argument may be the cookie's + # value or a hash of options as documented above. + def []=(name, options) + if options.is_a?(Hash) + options.symbolize_keys! + value = options[:value] + else + value = options + options = { value: value } + end + + handle_options(options) + + if @cookies[name.to_s] != value || options[:expires] + @cookies[name.to_s] = value + @set_cookies[name.to_s] = options + @delete_cookies.delete(name.to_s) + end + + value + end + + # Removes the cookie on the client machine by setting the value to an empty string + # and the expiration date in the past. Like <tt>[]=</tt>, you can pass in + # an options hash to delete cookies with extra data such as a <tt>:path</tt>. + def delete(name, options = {}) + return unless @cookies.has_key? name.to_s + + options.symbolize_keys! + handle_options(options) + + value = @cookies.delete(name.to_s) + @delete_cookies[name.to_s] = options + value + end + + # Whether the given cookie is to be deleted by this CookieJar. + # Like <tt>[]=</tt>, you can pass in an options hash to test if a + # deletion applies to a specific <tt>:path</tt>, <tt>:domain</tt> etc. + def deleted?(name, options = {}) + options.symbolize_keys! + handle_options(options) + @delete_cookies[name.to_s] == options + end + + # Removes all cookies on the client machine by calling <tt>delete</tt> for each cookie. + def clear(options = {}) + @cookies.each_key { |k| delete(k, options) } + end + + def write(headers) + if header = make_set_cookie_header(headers[HTTP_HEADER]) + headers[HTTP_HEADER] = header + end + end + + mattr_accessor :always_write_cookie, default: false + + private + + def escape(string) + ::Rack::Utils.escape(string) + end + + def make_set_cookie_header(header) + header = @set_cookies.inject(header) { |m, (k, v)| + if write_cookie?(v) + ::Rack::Utils.add_cookie_to_header(m, k, v) + else + m + end + } + @delete_cookies.inject(header) { |m, (k, v)| + ::Rack::Utils.add_remove_cookie_to_header(m, k, v) + } + end + + def write_cookie?(cookie) + request.ssl? || !cookie[:secure] || always_write_cookie + end + end + + class AbstractCookieJar # :nodoc: + include ChainedCookieJars + + def initialize(parent_jar) + @parent_jar = parent_jar + end + + def [](name) + if data = @parent_jar[name.to_s] + parse(name, data, purpose: "cookie.#{name}") || parse(name, data) + end + end + + def []=(name, options) + if options.is_a?(Hash) + options.symbolize_keys! + else + options = { value: options } + end + + commit(name, options) + @parent_jar[name] = options + end + + protected + def request; @parent_jar.request; end + + private + def expiry_options(options) + if options[:expires].respond_to?(:from_now) + { expires_in: options[:expires] } + else + { expires_at: options[:expires] } + end + end + + def cookie_metadata(name, options) + if request.use_cookies_with_metadata + metadata = expiry_options(options) + metadata[:purpose] = "cookie.#{name}" + + metadata + else + {} + end + end + + def parse(name, data, purpose: nil); data; end + def commit(name, options); end + end + + class PermanentCookieJar < AbstractCookieJar # :nodoc: + private + def commit(name, options) + options[:expires] = 20.years.from_now + end + end + + class JsonSerializer # :nodoc: + def self.load(value) + ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(value) + end + + def self.dump(value) + ActiveSupport::JSON.encode(value) + end + end + + module SerializedCookieJars # :nodoc: + MARSHAL_SIGNATURE = "\x04\x08" + SERIALIZER = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor::NullSerializer + + protected + def needs_migration?(value) + request.cookies_serializer == :hybrid && value.start_with?(MARSHAL_SIGNATURE) + end + + def serialize(value) + serializer.dump(value) + end + + def deserialize(name) + rotate = false + value = yield -> { rotate = true } + + if value + case + when needs_migration?(value) + self[name] = Marshal.load(value) + when rotate + self[name] = serializer.load(value) + else + serializer.load(value) + end + end + end + + def serializer + serializer = request.cookies_serializer || :marshal + case serializer + when :marshal + Marshal + when :json, :hybrid + JsonSerializer + else + serializer + end + end + + def digest + request.cookies_digest || "SHA1" + end + end + + class SignedKeyRotatingCookieJar < AbstractCookieJar # :nodoc: + include SerializedCookieJars + + def initialize(parent_jar) + super + + secret = request.key_generator.generate_key(request.signed_cookie_salt) + @verifier = ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.new(secret, digest: signed_cookie_digest, serializer: SERIALIZER) + + request.cookies_rotations.signed.each do |*secrets, **options| + @verifier.rotate(*secrets, serializer: SERIALIZER, **options) + end + + if upgrade_legacy_signed_cookies? + @verifier.rotate request.secret_token, serializer: SERIALIZER + end + end + + private + def parse(name, signed_message, purpose: nil) + deserialize(name) do |rotate| + @verifier.verified(signed_message, on_rotation: rotate, purpose: purpose) + end + end + + def commit(name, options) + options[:value] = @verifier.generate(serialize(options[:value]), cookie_metadata(name, options)) + + raise CookieOverflow if options[:value].bytesize > MAX_COOKIE_SIZE + end + end + + class EncryptedKeyRotatingCookieJar < AbstractCookieJar # :nodoc: + include SerializedCookieJars + + def initialize(parent_jar) + super + + if request.use_authenticated_cookie_encryption + key_len = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.key_len(encrypted_cookie_cipher) + secret = request.key_generator.generate_key(request.authenticated_encrypted_cookie_salt, key_len) + @encryptor = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(secret, cipher: encrypted_cookie_cipher, serializer: SERIALIZER) + else + key_len = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.key_len("aes-256-cbc") + secret = request.key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_cookie_salt, key_len) + sign_secret = request.key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt) + @encryptor = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(secret, sign_secret, cipher: "aes-256-cbc", serializer: SERIALIZER) + end + + request.cookies_rotations.encrypted.each do |*secrets, **options| + @encryptor.rotate(*secrets, serializer: SERIALIZER, **options) + end + + if upgrade_legacy_hmac_aes_cbc_cookies? + legacy_cipher = "aes-256-cbc" + secret = request.key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_cookie_salt, ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.key_len(legacy_cipher)) + sign_secret = request.key_generator.generate_key(request.encrypted_signed_cookie_salt) + + @encryptor.rotate(secret, sign_secret, cipher: legacy_cipher, digest: digest, serializer: SERIALIZER) + end + + if upgrade_legacy_signed_cookies? + @legacy_verifier = ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.new(request.secret_token, digest: digest, serializer: SERIALIZER) + end + end + + private + def parse(name, encrypted_message, purpose: nil) + deserialize(name) do |rotate| + @encryptor.decrypt_and_verify(encrypted_message, on_rotation: rotate, purpose: purpose) + end + rescue ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor::InvalidMessage, ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier::InvalidSignature + parse_legacy_signed_message(name, encrypted_message) + end + + def commit(name, options) + options[:value] = @encryptor.encrypt_and_sign(serialize(options[:value]), cookie_metadata(name, options)) + + raise CookieOverflow if options[:value].bytesize > MAX_COOKIE_SIZE + end + + def parse_legacy_signed_message(name, legacy_signed_message) + if defined?(@legacy_verifier) + deserialize(name) do |rotate| + rotate.call + + @legacy_verifier.verified(legacy_signed_message) + end + end + end + end + + def initialize(app) + @app = app + end + + def call(env) + request = ActionDispatch::Request.new env + + status, headers, body = @app.call(env) + + if request.have_cookie_jar? + cookie_jar = request.cookie_jar + unless cookie_jar.committed? + cookie_jar.write(headers) + if headers[HTTP_HEADER].respond_to?(:join) + headers[HTTP_HEADER] = headers[HTTP_HEADER].join("\n") + end + end + end + + [status, headers, body] + end + end +end |