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Diffstat (limited to 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb')
| -rw-r--r-- | actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb | 674 |
1 files changed, 674 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e8988aa737 --- /dev/null +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/routing/resources.rb @@ -0,0 +1,674 @@ +module ActionController + # == Overview + # + # ActionController::Resources are a way of defining RESTful \resources. A RESTful \resource, in basic terms, + # is something that can be pointed at and it will respond with a representation of the data requested. + # In real terms this could mean a user with a browser requests an HTML page, or that a desktop application + # requests XML data. + # + # RESTful design is based on the assumption that there are four generic verbs that a user of an + # application can request from a \resource (the noun). + # + # \Resources can be requested using four basic HTTP verbs (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE), the method used + # denotes the type of action that should take place. + # + # === The Different Methods and their Usage + # + # * GET - Requests for a \resource, no saving or editing of a \resource should occur in a GET request. + # * POST - Creation of \resources. + # * PUT - Editing of attributes on a \resource. + # * DELETE - Deletion of a \resource. + # + # === Examples + # + # # A GET request on the Posts resource is asking for all Posts + # GET /posts + # + # # A GET request on a single Post resource is asking for that particular Post + # GET /posts/1 + # + # # A POST request on the Posts resource is asking for a Post to be created with the supplied details + # POST /posts # with => { :post => { :title => "My Whizzy New Post", :body => "I've got a brand new combine harvester" } } + # + # # A PUT request on a single Post resource is asking for a Post to be updated + # PUT /posts # with => { :id => 1, :post => { :title => "Changed Whizzy Title" } } + # + # # A DELETE request on a single Post resource is asking for it to be deleted + # DELETE /posts # with => { :id => 1 } + # + # By using the REST convention, users of our application can assume certain things about how the data + # is requested and how it is returned. Rails simplifies the routing part of RESTful design by + # supplying you with methods to create them in your routes.rb file. + # + # Read more about REST at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_State_Transfer + module Resources + INHERITABLE_OPTIONS = :namespace, :shallow, :actions + + class Resource #:nodoc: + DEFAULT_ACTIONS = :index, :create, :new, :edit, :show, :update, :destroy + + attr_reader :collection_methods, :member_methods, :new_methods + attr_reader :path_prefix, :name_prefix, :path_segment + attr_reader :plural, :singular + attr_reader :options + + def initialize(entities, options) + @plural ||= entities + @singular ||= options[:singular] || plural.to_s.singularize + @path_segment = options.delete(:as) || @plural + + @options = options + + arrange_actions + add_default_actions + set_allowed_actions + set_prefixes + end + + def controller + @controller ||= "#{options[:namespace]}#{(options[:controller] || plural).to_s}" + end + + def requirements(with_id = false) + @requirements ||= @options[:requirements] || {} + @id_requirement ||= { :id => @requirements.delete(:id) || /[^#{Routing::SEPARATORS.join}]+/ } + + with_id ? @requirements.merge(@id_requirement) : @requirements + end + + def conditions + @conditions ||= @options[:conditions] || {} + end + + def path + @path ||= "#{path_prefix}/#{path_segment}" + end + + def new_path + new_action = self.options[:path_names][:new] if self.options[:path_names] + new_action ||= Base.resources_path_names[:new] + @new_path ||= "#{path}/#{new_action}" + end + + def shallow_path_prefix + @shallow_path_prefix ||= "#{path_prefix unless @options[:shallow]}" + end + + def member_path + @member_path ||= "#{shallow_path_prefix}/#{path_segment}/:id" + end + + def nesting_path_prefix + @nesting_path_prefix ||= "#{shallow_path_prefix}/#{path_segment}/:#{singular}_id" + end + + def shallow_name_prefix + @shallow_name_prefix ||= "#{name_prefix unless @options[:shallow]}" + end + + def nesting_name_prefix + "#{shallow_name_prefix}#{singular}_" + end + + def action_separator + @action_separator ||= Base.resource_action_separator + end + + def uncountable? + @singular.to_s == @plural.to_s + end + + def has_action?(action) + !DEFAULT_ACTIONS.include?(action) || @options[:actions].nil? || @options[:actions].include?(action) + end + + protected + def arrange_actions + @collection_methods = arrange_actions_by_methods(options.delete(:collection)) + @member_methods = arrange_actions_by_methods(options.delete(:member)) + @new_methods = arrange_actions_by_methods(options.delete(:new)) + end + + def add_default_actions + add_default_action(member_methods, :get, :edit) + add_default_action(new_methods, :get, :new) + end + + def set_allowed_actions + only = @options.delete(:only) + except = @options.delete(:except) + + if only && except + raise ArgumentError, 'Please supply either :only or :except, not both.' + elsif only == :all || except == :none + options[:actions] = DEFAULT_ACTIONS + elsif only == :none || except == :all + options[:actions] = [] + elsif only + options[:actions] = DEFAULT_ACTIONS & Array(only).map(&:to_sym) + elsif except + options[:actions] = DEFAULT_ACTIONS - Array(except).map(&:to_sym) + else + # leave options[:actions] alone + end + end + + def set_prefixes + @path_prefix = options.delete(:path_prefix) + @name_prefix = options.delete(:name_prefix) + end + + def arrange_actions_by_methods(actions) + (actions || {}).inject({}) do |flipped_hash, (key, value)| + (flipped_hash[value] ||= []) << key + flipped_hash + end + end + + def add_default_action(collection, method, action) + (collection[method] ||= []).unshift(action) + end + end + + class SingletonResource < Resource #:nodoc: + def initialize(entity, options) + @singular = @plural = entity + options[:controller] ||= @singular.to_s.pluralize + super + end + + alias_method :shallow_path_prefix, :path_prefix + alias_method :shallow_name_prefix, :name_prefix + alias_method :member_path, :path + alias_method :nesting_path_prefix, :path + end + + # Creates named routes for implementing verb-oriented controllers + # for a collection \resource. + # + # For example: + # + # map.resources :messages + # + # will map the following actions in the corresponding controller: + # + # class MessagesController < ActionController::Base + # # GET messages_url + # def index + # # return all messages + # end + # + # # GET new_message_url + # def new + # # return an HTML form for describing a new message + # end + # + # # POST messages_url + # def create + # # create a new message + # end + # + # # GET message_url(:id => 1) + # def show + # # find and return a specific message + # end + # + # # GET edit_message_url(:id => 1) + # def edit + # # return an HTML form for editing a specific message + # end + # + # # PUT message_url(:id => 1) + # def update + # # find and update a specific message + # end + # + # # DELETE message_url(:id => 1) + # def destroy + # # delete a specific message + # end + # end + # + # Along with the routes themselves, +resources+ generates named routes for use in + # controllers and views. <tt>map.resources :messages</tt> produces the following named routes and helpers: + # + # Named Route Helpers + # ============ ===================================================== + # messages messages_url, hash_for_messages_url, + # messages_path, hash_for_messages_path + # + # message message_url(id), hash_for_message_url(id), + # message_path(id), hash_for_message_path(id) + # + # new_message new_message_url, hash_for_new_message_url, + # new_message_path, hash_for_new_message_path + # + # edit_message edit_message_url(id), hash_for_edit_message_url(id), + # edit_message_path(id), hash_for_edit_message_path(id) + # + # You can use these helpers instead of +url_for+ or methods that take +url_for+ parameters. For example: + # + # redirect_to :controller => 'messages', :action => 'index' + # # and + # <%= link_to "edit this message", :controller => 'messages', :action => 'edit', :id => @message.id %> + # + # now become: + # + # redirect_to messages_url + # # and + # <%= link_to "edit this message", edit_message_url(@message) # calls @message.id automatically + # + # Since web browsers don't support the PUT and DELETE verbs, you will need to add a parameter '_method' to your + # form tags. The form helpers make this a little easier. For an update form with a <tt>@message</tt> object: + # + # <%= form_tag message_path(@message), :method => :put %> + # + # or + # + # <% form_for :message, @message, :url => message_path(@message), :html => {:method => :put} do |f| %> + # + # or + # + # <% form_for @message do |f| %> + # + # which takes into account whether <tt>@message</tt> is a new record or not and generates the + # path and method accordingly. + # + # The +resources+ method accepts the following options to customize the resulting routes: + # * <tt>:collection</tt> - Add named routes for other actions that operate on the collection. + # Takes a hash of <tt>#{action} => #{method}</tt>, where method is <tt>:get</tt>/<tt>:post</tt>/<tt>:put</tt>/<tt>:delete</tt>, + # an array of any of the previous, or <tt>:any</tt> if the method does not matter. + # These routes map to a URL like /messages/rss, with a route of +rss_messages_url+. + # * <tt>:member</tt> - Same as <tt>:collection</tt>, but for actions that operate on a specific member. + # * <tt>:new</tt> - Same as <tt>:collection</tt>, but for actions that operate on the new \resource action. + # * <tt>:controller</tt> - Specify the controller name for the routes. + # * <tt>:singular</tt> - Specify the singular name used in the member routes. + # * <tt>:requirements</tt> - Set custom routing parameter requirements; this is a hash of either + # regular expressions (which must match for the route to match) or extra parameters. For example: + # + # map.resource :profile, :path_prefix => ':name', :requirements => { :name => /[a-zA-Z]+/, :extra => 'value' } + # + # will only match if the first part is alphabetic, and will pass the parameter :extra to the controller. + # * <tt>:conditions</tt> - Specify custom routing recognition conditions. \Resources sets the <tt>:method</tt> value for the method-specific routes. + # * <tt>:as</tt> - Specify a different \resource name to use in the URL path. For example: + # # products_path == '/productos' + # map.resources :products, :as => 'productos' do |product| + # # product_reviews_path(product) == '/productos/1234/comentarios' + # product.resources :product_reviews, :as => 'comentarios' + # end + # + # * <tt>:has_one</tt> - Specify nested \resources, this is a shorthand for mapping singleton \resources beneath the current. + # * <tt>:has_many</tt> - Same has <tt>:has_one</tt>, but for plural \resources. + # + # You may directly specify the routing association with +has_one+ and +has_many+ like: + # + # map.resources :notes, :has_one => :author, :has_many => [:comments, :attachments] + # + # This is the same as: + # + # map.resources :notes do |notes| + # notes.resource :author + # notes.resources :comments + # notes.resources :attachments + # end + # + # * <tt>:path_names</tt> - Specify different names for the 'new' and 'edit' actions. For example: + # # new_products_path == '/productos/nuevo' + # map.resources :products, :as => 'productos', :path_names => { :new => 'nuevo', :edit => 'editar' } + # + # You can also set default action names from an environment, like this: + # config.action_controller.resources_path_names = { :new => 'nuevo', :edit => 'editar' } + # + # * <tt>:path_prefix</tt> - Set a prefix to the routes with required route variables. + # + # Weblog comments usually belong to a post, so you might use +resources+ like: + # + # map.resources :articles + # map.resources :comments, :path_prefix => '/articles/:article_id' + # + # You can nest +resources+ calls to set this automatically: + # + # map.resources :articles do |article| + # article.resources :comments + # end + # + # The comment \resources work the same, but must now include a value for <tt>:article_id</tt>. + # + # article_comments_url(@article) + # article_comment_url(@article, @comment) + # + # article_comments_url(:article_id => @article) + # article_comment_url(:article_id => @article, :id => @comment) + # + # If you don't want to load all objects from the database you might want to use the <tt>article_id</tt> directly: + # + # articles_comments_url(@comment.article_id, @comment) + # + # * <tt>:name_prefix</tt> - Define a prefix for all generated routes, usually ending in an underscore. + # Use this if you have named routes that may clash. + # + # map.resources :tags, :path_prefix => '/books/:book_id', :name_prefix => 'book_' + # map.resources :tags, :path_prefix => '/toys/:toy_id', :name_prefix => 'toy_' + # + # You may also use <tt>:name_prefix</tt> to override the generic named routes in a nested \resource: + # + # map.resources :articles do |article| + # article.resources :comments, :name_prefix => nil + # end + # + # This will yield named \resources like so: + # + # comments_url(@article) + # comment_url(@article, @comment) + # + # * <tt>:shallow</tt> - If true, paths for nested resources which reference a specific member + # (ie. those with an :id parameter) will not use the parent path prefix or name prefix. + # + # The <tt>:shallow</tt> option is inherited by any nested resource(s). + # + # For example, 'users', 'posts' and 'comments' all use shallow paths with the following nested resources: + # + # map.resources :users, :shallow => true do |user| + # user.resources :posts do |post| + # post.resources :comments + # end + # end + # # --> GET /users/1/posts (maps to the PostsController#index action as usual) + # # also adds the usual named route called "user_posts" + # # --> GET /posts/2 (maps to the PostsController#show action as if it were not nested) + # # also adds the named route called "post" + # # --> GET /posts/2/comments (maps to the CommentsController#index action) + # # also adds the named route called "post_comments" + # # --> GET /comments/2 (maps to the CommentsController#show action as if it were not nested) + # # also adds the named route called "comment" + # + # You may also use <tt>:shallow</tt> in combination with the +has_one+ and +has_many+ shorthand notations like: + # + # map.resources :users, :has_many => { :posts => :comments }, :shallow => true + # + # * <tt>:only</tt> and <tt>:except</tt> - Specify which of the seven default actions should be routed to. + # + # <tt>:only</tt> and <tt>:except</tt> may be set to <tt>:all</tt>, <tt>:none</tt>, an action name or a + # list of action names. By default, routes are generated for all seven actions. + # + # For example: + # + # map.resources :posts, :only => [:index, :show] do |post| + # post.resources :comments, :except => [:update, :destroy] + # end + # # --> GET /posts (maps to the PostsController#index action) + # # --> POST /posts (fails) + # # --> GET /posts/1 (maps to the PostsController#show action) + # # --> DELETE /posts/1 (fails) + # # --> POST /posts/1/comments (maps to the CommentsController#create action) + # # --> PUT /posts/1/comments/1 (fails) + # + # The <tt>:only</tt> and <tt>:except</tt> options are inherited by any nested resource(s). + # + # If <tt>map.resources</tt> is called with multiple resources, they all get the same options applied. + # + # Examples: + # + # map.resources :messages, :path_prefix => "/thread/:thread_id" + # # --> GET /thread/7/messages/1 + # + # map.resources :messages, :collection => { :rss => :get } + # # --> GET /messages/rss (maps to the #rss action) + # # also adds a named route called "rss_messages" + # + # map.resources :messages, :member => { :mark => :post } + # # --> POST /messages/1/mark (maps to the #mark action) + # # also adds a named route called "mark_message" + # + # map.resources :messages, :new => { :preview => :post } + # # --> POST /messages/new/preview (maps to the #preview action) + # # also adds a named route called "preview_new_message" + # + # map.resources :messages, :new => { :new => :any, :preview => :post } + # # --> POST /messages/new/preview (maps to the #preview action) + # # also adds a named route called "preview_new_message" + # # --> /messages/new can be invoked via any request method + # + # map.resources :messages, :controller => "categories", + # :path_prefix => "/category/:category_id", + # :name_prefix => "category_" + # # --> GET /categories/7/messages/1 + # # has named route "category_message" + # + # The +resources+ method sets HTTP method restrictions on the routes it generates. For example, making an + # HTTP POST on <tt>new_message_url</tt> will raise a RoutingError exception. The default route in + # <tt>config/routes.rb</tt> overrides this and allows invalid HTTP methods for \resource routes. + def resources(*entities, &block) + options = entities.extract_options! + entities.each { |entity| map_resource(entity, options.dup, &block) } + end + + # Creates named routes for implementing verb-oriented controllers for a singleton \resource. + # A singleton \resource is global to its current context. For unnested singleton \resources, + # the \resource is global to the current user visiting the application, such as a user's + # <tt>/account</tt> profile. For nested singleton \resources, the \resource is global to its parent + # \resource, such as a <tt>projects</tt> \resource that <tt>has_one :project_manager</tt>. + # The <tt>project_manager</tt> should be mapped as a singleton \resource under <tt>projects</tt>: + # + # map.resources :projects do |project| + # project.resource :project_manager + # end + # + # See +resources+ for general conventions. These are the main differences: + # * A singular name is given to <tt>map.resource</tt>. The default controller name is still taken from the plural name. + # * To specify a custom plural name, use the <tt>:plural</tt> option. There is no <tt>:singular</tt> option. + # * No default index route is created for the singleton \resource controller. + # * When nesting singleton \resources, only the singular name is used as the path prefix (example: 'account/messages/1') + # + # For example: + # + # map.resource :account + # + # maps these actions in the Accounts controller: + # + # class AccountsController < ActionController::Base + # # GET new_account_url + # def new + # # return an HTML form for describing the new account + # end + # + # # POST account_url + # def create + # # create an account + # end + # + # # GET account_url + # def show + # # find and return the account + # end + # + # # GET edit_account_url + # def edit + # # return an HTML form for editing the account + # end + # + # # PUT account_url + # def update + # # find and update the account + # end + # + # # DELETE account_url + # def destroy + # # delete the account + # end + # end + # + # Along with the routes themselves, +resource+ generates named routes for + # use in controllers and views. <tt>map.resource :account</tt> produces + # these named routes and helpers: + # + # Named Route Helpers + # ============ ============================================= + # account account_url, hash_for_account_url, + # account_path, hash_for_account_path + # + # new_account new_account_url, hash_for_new_account_url, + # new_account_path, hash_for_new_account_path + # + # edit_account edit_account_url, hash_for_edit_account_url, + # edit_account_path, hash_for_edit_account_path + def resource(*entities, &block) + options = entities.extract_options! + entities.each { |entity| map_singleton_resource(entity, options.dup, &block) } + end + + private + def map_resource(entities, options = {}, &block) + resource = Resource.new(entities, options) + + with_options :controller => resource.controller do |map| + map_collection_actions(map, resource) + map_default_collection_actions(map, resource) + map_new_actions(map, resource) + map_member_actions(map, resource) + + map_associations(resource, options) + + if block_given? + with_options(options.slice(*INHERITABLE_OPTIONS).merge(:path_prefix => resource.nesting_path_prefix, :name_prefix => resource.nesting_name_prefix), &block) + end + end + end + + def map_singleton_resource(entities, options = {}, &block) + resource = SingletonResource.new(entities, options) + + with_options :controller => resource.controller do |map| + map_collection_actions(map, resource) + map_new_actions(map, resource) + map_member_actions(map, resource) + map_default_singleton_actions(map, resource) + + map_associations(resource, options) + + if block_given? + with_options(options.slice(*INHERITABLE_OPTIONS).merge(:path_prefix => resource.nesting_path_prefix, :name_prefix => resource.nesting_name_prefix), &block) + end + end + end + + def map_associations(resource, options) + map_has_many_associations(resource, options.delete(:has_many), options) if options[:has_many] + + path_prefix = "#{options.delete(:path_prefix)}#{resource.nesting_path_prefix}" + name_prefix = "#{options.delete(:name_prefix)}#{resource.nesting_name_prefix}" + + Array(options[:has_one]).each do |association| + resource(association, options.slice(*INHERITABLE_OPTIONS).merge(:path_prefix => path_prefix, :name_prefix => name_prefix)) + end + end + + def map_has_many_associations(resource, associations, options) + case associations + when Hash + associations.each do |association,has_many| + map_has_many_associations(resource, association, options.merge(:has_many => has_many)) + end + when Array + associations.each do |association| + map_has_many_associations(resource, association, options) + end + when Symbol, String + resources(associations, options.slice(*INHERITABLE_OPTIONS).merge(:path_prefix => resource.nesting_path_prefix, :name_prefix => resource.nesting_name_prefix, :has_many => options[:has_many])) + else + end + end + + def map_collection_actions(map, resource) + resource.collection_methods.each do |method, actions| + actions.each do |action| + [method].flatten.each do |m| + map_resource_routes(map, resource, action, "#{resource.path}#{resource.action_separator}#{action}", "#{action}_#{resource.name_prefix}#{resource.plural}", m) + end + end + end + end + + def map_default_collection_actions(map, resource) + index_route_name = "#{resource.name_prefix}#{resource.plural}" + + if resource.uncountable? + index_route_name << "_index" + end + + map_resource_routes(map, resource, :index, resource.path, index_route_name) + map_resource_routes(map, resource, :create, resource.path, index_route_name) + end + + def map_default_singleton_actions(map, resource) + map_resource_routes(map, resource, :create, resource.path, "#{resource.shallow_name_prefix}#{resource.singular}") + end + + def map_new_actions(map, resource) + resource.new_methods.each do |method, actions| + actions.each do |action| + route_path = resource.new_path + route_name = "new_#{resource.name_prefix}#{resource.singular}" + + unless action == :new + route_path = "#{route_path}#{resource.action_separator}#{action}" + route_name = "#{action}_#{route_name}" + end + + map_resource_routes(map, resource, action, route_path, route_name, method) + end + end + end + + def map_member_actions(map, resource) + resource.member_methods.each do |method, actions| + actions.each do |action| + [method].flatten.each do |m| + action_path = resource.options[:path_names][action] if resource.options[:path_names].is_a?(Hash) + action_path ||= Base.resources_path_names[action] || action + + map_resource_routes(map, resource, action, "#{resource.member_path}#{resource.action_separator}#{action_path}", "#{action}_#{resource.shallow_name_prefix}#{resource.singular}", m) + end + end + end + + route_path = "#{resource.shallow_name_prefix}#{resource.singular}" + map_resource_routes(map, resource, :show, resource.member_path, route_path) + map_resource_routes(map, resource, :update, resource.member_path, route_path) + map_resource_routes(map, resource, :destroy, resource.member_path, route_path) + end + + def map_resource_routes(map, resource, action, route_path, route_name = nil, method = nil) + if resource.has_action?(action) + action_options = action_options_for(action, resource, method) + formatted_route_path = "#{route_path}.:format" + + if route_name && @set.named_routes[route_name.to_sym].nil? + map.named_route(route_name, formatted_route_path, action_options) + else + map.connect(formatted_route_path, action_options) + end + end + end + + def add_conditions_for(conditions, method) + returning({:conditions => conditions.dup}) do |options| + options[:conditions][:method] = method unless method == :any + end + end + + def action_options_for(action, resource, method = nil) + default_options = { :action => action.to_s } + require_id = !resource.kind_of?(SingletonResource) + + case default_options[:action] + when "index", "new"; default_options.merge(add_conditions_for(resource.conditions, method || :get)).merge(resource.requirements) + when "create"; default_options.merge(add_conditions_for(resource.conditions, method || :post)).merge(resource.requirements) + when "show", "edit"; default_options.merge(add_conditions_for(resource.conditions, method || :get)).merge(resource.requirements(require_id)) + when "update"; default_options.merge(add_conditions_for(resource.conditions, method || :put)).merge(resource.requirements(require_id)) + when "destroy"; default_options.merge(add_conditions_for(resource.conditions, method || :delete)).merge(resource.requirements(require_id)) + else default_options.merge(add_conditions_for(resource.conditions, method)).merge(resource.requirements) + end + end + end +end |