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Diffstat (limited to 'actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb')
| -rw-r--r-- | actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb | 1111 |
1 files changed, 1111 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..04922b0715 --- /dev/null +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/strong_parameters.rb @@ -0,0 +1,1111 @@ +# frozen_string_literal: true + +require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access" +require "active_support/core_ext/array/wrap" +require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters" +require "active_support/core_ext/object/to_query" +require "active_support/rescuable" +require "action_dispatch/http/upload" +require "rack/test" +require "stringio" +require "set" +require "yaml" + +module ActionController + # Raised when a required parameter is missing. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: {}) + # params.fetch(:b) + # # => ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: b + # params.require(:a) + # # => ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: a + class ParameterMissing < KeyError + attr_reader :param # :nodoc: + + def initialize(param) # :nodoc: + @param = param + super("param is missing or the value is empty: #{param}") + end + end + + # Raised when a supplied parameter is not expected and + # ActionController::Parameters.action_on_unpermitted_parameters + # is set to <tt>:raise</tt>. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456") + # params.permit(:c) + # # => ActionController::UnpermittedParameters: found unpermitted parameters: :a, :b + class UnpermittedParameters < IndexError + attr_reader :params # :nodoc: + + def initialize(params) # :nodoc: + @params = params + super("found unpermitted parameter#{'s' if params.size > 1 }: #{params.map { |e| ":#{e}" }.join(", ")}") + end + end + + # Raised when a Parameters instance is not marked as permitted and + # an operation to transform it to hash is called. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456") + # params.to_h + # # => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash + class UnfilteredParameters < ArgumentError + def initialize # :nodoc: + super("unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash") + end + end + + # == Action Controller \Parameters + # + # Allows you to choose which attributes should be permitted for mass updating + # and thus prevent accidentally exposing that which shouldn't be exposed. + # Provides two methods for this purpose: #require and #permit. The former is + # used to mark parameters as required. The latter is used to set the parameter + # as permitted and limit which attributes should be allowed for mass updating. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # person: { + # name: "Francesco", + # age: 22, + # role: "admin" + # } + # }) + # + # permitted = params.require(:person).permit(:name, :age) + # permitted # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco", "age"=>22} permitted: true> + # permitted.permitted? # => true + # + # Person.first.update!(permitted) + # # => #<Person id: 1, name: "Francesco", age: 22, role: "user"> + # + # It provides two options that controls the top-level behavior of new instances: + # + # * +permit_all_parameters+ - If it's +true+, all the parameters will be + # permitted by default. The default is +false+. + # * +action_on_unpermitted_parameters+ - Allow to control the behavior when parameters + # that are not explicitly permitted are found. The values can be +false+ to just filter them + # out, <tt>:log</tt> to additionally write a message on the logger, or <tt>:raise</tt> to raise + # ActionController::UnpermittedParameters exception. The default value is <tt>:log</tt> + # in test and development environments, +false+ otherwise. + # + # Examples: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new + # params.permitted? # => false + # + # ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters = true + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new + # params.permitted? # => true + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456") + # params.permit(:c) + # # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: true> + # + # ActionController::Parameters.action_on_unpermitted_parameters = :raise + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: "123", b: "456") + # params.permit(:c) + # # => ActionController::UnpermittedParameters: found unpermitted keys: a, b + # + # Please note that these options *are not thread-safe*. In a multi-threaded + # environment they should only be set once at boot-time and never mutated at + # runtime. + # + # You can fetch values of <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> using either + # <tt>:key</tt> or <tt>"key"</tt>. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(key: "value") + # params[:key] # => "value" + # params["key"] # => "value" + class Parameters + cattr_accessor :permit_all_parameters, instance_accessor: false, default: false + + cattr_accessor :action_on_unpermitted_parameters, instance_accessor: false + + ## + # :method: as_json + # + # :call-seq: + # as_json(options=nil) + # + # Returns a hash that can be used as the JSON representation for the parameters. + + ## + # :method: each_key + # + # :call-seq: + # each_key() + # + # Calls block once for each key in the parameters, passing the key. + # If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead. + + ## + # :method: empty? + # + # :call-seq: + # empty?() + # + # Returns true if the parameters have no key/value pairs. + + ## + # :method: has_key? + # + # :call-seq: + # has_key?(key) + # + # Returns true if the given key is present in the parameters. + + ## + # :method: has_value? + # + # :call-seq: + # has_value?(value) + # + # Returns true if the given value is present for some key in the parameters. + + ## + # :method: include? + # + # :call-seq: + # include?(key) + # + # Returns true if the given key is present in the parameters. + + ## + # :method: key? + # + # :call-seq: + # key?(key) + # + # Returns true if the given key is present in the parameters. + + ## + # :method: keys + # + # :call-seq: + # keys() + # + # Returns a new array of the keys of the parameters. + + ## + # :method: to_s + # + # :call-seq: + # to_s() + # + # Returns the content of the parameters as a string. + + ## + # :method: value? + # + # :call-seq: + # value?(value) + # + # Returns true if the given value is present for some key in the parameters. + + ## + # :method: values + # + # :call-seq: + # values() + # + # Returns a new array of the values of the parameters. + delegate :keys, :key?, :has_key?, :values, :has_value?, :value?, :empty?, :include?, + :as_json, :to_s, :each_key, to: :@parameters + + # By default, never raise an UnpermittedParameters exception if these + # params are present. The default includes both 'controller' and 'action' + # because they are added by Rails and should be of no concern. One way + # to change these is to specify `always_permitted_parameters` in your + # config. For instance: + # + # config.always_permitted_parameters = %w( controller action format ) + cattr_accessor :always_permitted_parameters, default: %w( controller action ) + + # Returns a new instance of <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt>. + # Also, sets the +permitted+ attribute to the default value of + # <tt>ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters</tt>. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # end + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: "Francesco") + # params.permitted? # => false + # Person.new(params) # => ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError + # + # ActionController::Parameters.permit_all_parameters = true + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: "Francesco") + # params.permitted? # => true + # Person.new(params) # => #<Person id: nil, name: "Francesco"> + def initialize(parameters = {}) + @parameters = parameters.with_indifferent_access + @permitted = self.class.permit_all_parameters + end + + # Returns true if another +Parameters+ object contains the same content and + # permitted flag. + def ==(other) + if other.respond_to?(:permitted?) + permitted? == other.permitted? && parameters == other.parameters + else + @parameters == other + end + end + + # Returns a safe <tt>ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess</tt> + # representation of the parameters with all unpermitted keys removed. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # name: "Senjougahara Hitagi", + # oddity: "Heavy stone crab" + # }) + # params.to_h + # # => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash + # + # safe_params = params.permit(:name) + # safe_params.to_h # => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi"} + def to_h + if permitted? + convert_parameters_to_hashes(@parameters, :to_h) + else + raise UnfilteredParameters + end + end + + # Returns a safe <tt>Hash</tt> representation of the parameters + # with all unpermitted keys removed. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # name: "Senjougahara Hitagi", + # oddity: "Heavy stone crab" + # }) + # params.to_hash + # # => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash + # + # safe_params = params.permit(:name) + # safe_params.to_hash # => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi"} + def to_hash + to_h.to_hash + end + + # Returns a string representation of the receiver suitable for use as a URL + # query string: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # name: "David", + # nationality: "Danish" + # }) + # params.to_query + # # => ActionController::UnfilteredParameters: unable to convert unpermitted parameters to hash + # + # safe_params = params.permit(:name, :nationality) + # safe_params.to_query + # # => "name=David&nationality=Danish" + # + # An optional namespace can be passed to enclose key names: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # name: "David", + # nationality: "Danish" + # }) + # safe_params = params.permit(:name, :nationality) + # safe_params.to_query("user") + # # => "user%5Bname%5D=David&user%5Bnationality%5D=Danish" + # + # The string pairs "key=value" that conform the query string + # are sorted lexicographically in ascending order. + # + # This method is also aliased as +to_param+. + def to_query(*args) + to_h.to_query(*args) + end + alias_method :to_param, :to_query + + # Returns an unsafe, unfiltered + # <tt>ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess</tt> representation of the + # parameters. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # name: "Senjougahara Hitagi", + # oddity: "Heavy stone crab" + # }) + # params.to_unsafe_h + # # => {"name"=>"Senjougahara Hitagi", "oddity" => "Heavy stone crab"} + def to_unsafe_h + convert_parameters_to_hashes(@parameters, :to_unsafe_h) + end + alias_method :to_unsafe_hash, :to_unsafe_h + + # Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each pair in + # the same way as <tt>Hash#each_pair</tt>. + def each_pair(&block) + @parameters.each_pair do |key, value| + yield [key, convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value)] + end + end + alias_method :each, :each_pair + + # Convert all hashes in values into parameters, then yield each value in + # the same way as <tt>Hash#each_value</tt>. + def each_value(&block) + @parameters.each_pair do |key, value| + yield convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value) + end + end + + # Attribute that keeps track of converted arrays, if any, to avoid double + # looping in the common use case permit + mass-assignment. Defined in a + # method to instantiate it only if needed. + # + # Testing membership still loops, but it's going to be faster than our own + # loop that converts values. Also, we are not going to build a new array + # object per fetch. + def converted_arrays + @converted_arrays ||= Set.new + end + + # Returns +true+ if the parameter is permitted, +false+ otherwise. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new + # params.permitted? # => false + # params.permit! + # params.permitted? # => true + def permitted? + @permitted + end + + # Sets the +permitted+ attribute to +true+. This can be used to pass + # mass assignment. Returns +self+. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # end + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(name: "Francesco") + # params.permitted? # => false + # Person.new(params) # => ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError + # params.permit! + # params.permitted? # => true + # Person.new(params) # => #<Person id: nil, name: "Francesco"> + def permit! + each_pair do |key, value| + Array.wrap(value).flatten.each do |v| + v.permit! if v.respond_to? :permit! + end + end + + @permitted = true + self + end + + # This method accepts both a single key and an array of keys. + # + # When passed a single key, if it exists and its associated value is + # either present or the singleton +false+, returns said value: + # + # ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Francesco" }).require(:person) + # # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false> + # + # Otherwise raises <tt>ActionController::ParameterMissing</tt>: + # + # ActionController::Parameters.new.require(:person) + # # ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person + # + # ActionController::Parameters.new(person: nil).require(:person) + # # ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person + # + # ActionController::Parameters.new(person: "\t").require(:person) + # # ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person + # + # ActionController::Parameters.new(person: {}).require(:person) + # # ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: person + # + # When given an array of keys, the method tries to require each one of them + # in order. If it succeeds, an array with the respective return values is + # returned: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: { ... }, profile: { ... }) + # user_params, profile_params = params.require([:user, :profile]) + # + # Otherwise, the method re-raises the first exception found: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: {}, profile: {}) + # user_params, profile_params = params.require([:user, :profile]) + # # ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: user + # + # Technically this method can be used to fetch terminal values: + # + # # CAREFUL + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Finn" }) + # name = params.require(:person).require(:name) # CAREFUL + # + # but take into account that at some point those ones have to be permitted: + # + # def person_params + # params.require(:person).permit(:name).tap do |person_params| + # person_params.require(:name) # SAFER + # end + # end + # + # for example. + def require(key) + return key.map { |k| require(k) } if key.is_a?(Array) + value = self[key] + if value.present? || value == false + value + else + raise ParameterMissing.new(key) + end + end + + # Alias of #require. + alias :required :require + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance that + # includes only the given +filters+ and sets the +permitted+ attribute + # for the object to +true+. This is useful for limiting which attributes + # should be allowed for mass updating. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(user: { name: "Francesco", age: 22, role: "admin" }) + # permitted = params.require(:user).permit(:name, :age) + # permitted.permitted? # => true + # permitted.has_key?(:name) # => true + # permitted.has_key?(:age) # => true + # permitted.has_key?(:role) # => false + # + # Only permitted scalars pass the filter. For example, given + # + # params.permit(:name) + # + # +:name+ passes if it is a key of +params+ whose associated value is of type + # +String+, +Symbol+, +NilClass+, +Numeric+, +TrueClass+, +FalseClass+, + # +Date+, +Time+, +DateTime+, +StringIO+, +IO+, + # +ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile+ or +Rack::Test::UploadedFile+. + # Otherwise, the key +:name+ is filtered out. + # + # You may declare that the parameter should be an array of permitted scalars + # by mapping it to an empty array: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(tags: ["rails", "parameters"]) + # params.permit(tags: []) + # + # Sometimes it is not possible or convenient to declare the valid keys of + # a hash parameter or its internal structure. Just map to an empty hash: + # + # params.permit(preferences: {}) + # + # Be careful because this opens the door to arbitrary input. In this + # case, +permit+ ensures values in the returned structure are permitted + # scalars and filters out anything else. + # + # You can also use +permit+ on nested parameters, like: + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # person: { + # name: "Francesco", + # age: 22, + # pets: [{ + # name: "Purplish", + # category: "dogs" + # }] + # } + # }) + # + # permitted = params.permit(person: [ :name, { pets: :name } ]) + # permitted.permitted? # => true + # permitted[:person][:name] # => "Francesco" + # permitted[:person][:age] # => nil + # permitted[:person][:pets][0][:name] # => "Purplish" + # permitted[:person][:pets][0][:category] # => nil + # + # Note that if you use +permit+ in a key that points to a hash, + # it won't allow all the hash. You also need to specify which + # attributes inside the hash should be permitted. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new({ + # person: { + # contact: { + # email: "none@test.com", + # phone: "555-1234" + # } + # } + # }) + # + # params.require(:person).permit(:contact) + # # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: true> + # + # params.require(:person).permit(contact: :phone) + # # => <ActionController::Parameters {"contact"=><ActionController::Parameters {"phone"=>"555-1234"} permitted: true>} permitted: true> + # + # params.require(:person).permit(contact: [ :email, :phone ]) + # # => <ActionController::Parameters {"contact"=><ActionController::Parameters {"email"=>"none@test.com", "phone"=>"555-1234"} permitted: true>} permitted: true> + def permit(*filters) + params = self.class.new + + filters.flatten.each do |filter| + case filter + when Symbol, String + permitted_scalar_filter(params, filter) + when Hash + hash_filter(params, filter) + end + end + + unpermitted_parameters!(params) if self.class.action_on_unpermitted_parameters + + params.permit! + end + + # Returns a parameter for the given +key+. If not found, + # returns +nil+. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Francesco" }) + # params[:person] # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false> + # params[:none] # => nil + def [](key) + convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, @parameters[key]) + end + + # Assigns a value to a given +key+. The given key may still get filtered out + # when +permit+ is called. + def []=(key, value) + @parameters[key] = value + end + + # Returns a parameter for the given +key+. If the +key+ + # can't be found, there are several options: With no other arguments, + # it will raise an <tt>ActionController::ParameterMissing</tt> error; + # if a second argument is given, then that is returned (converted to an + # instance of ActionController::Parameters if possible); if a block + # is given, then that will be run and its result returned. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(person: { name: "Francesco" }) + # params.fetch(:person) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"name"=>"Francesco"} permitted: false> + # params.fetch(:none) # => ActionController::ParameterMissing: param is missing or the value is empty: none + # params.fetch(:none, {}) # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: false> + # params.fetch(:none, "Francesco") # => "Francesco" + # params.fetch(:none) { "Francesco" } # => "Francesco" + def fetch(key, *args) + convert_value_to_parameters( + @parameters.fetch(key) { + if block_given? + yield + else + args.fetch(0) { raise ActionController::ParameterMissing.new(key) } + end + } + ) + end + + # Extracts the nested parameter from the given +keys+ by calling +dig+ + # at each step. Returns +nil+ if any intermediate step is +nil+. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(foo: { bar: { baz: 1 } }) + # params.dig(:foo, :bar, :baz) # => 1 + # params.dig(:foo, :zot, :xyz) # => nil + # + # params2 = ActionController::Parameters.new(foo: [10, 11, 12]) + # params2.dig(:foo, 1) # => 11 + def dig(*keys) + convert_hashes_to_parameters(keys.first, @parameters[keys.first]) + @parameters.dig(*keys) + end + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance that + # includes only the given +keys+. If the given +keys+ + # don't exist, returns an empty hash. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3) + # params.slice(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2} permitted: false> + # params.slice(:d) # => <ActionController::Parameters {} permitted: false> + def slice(*keys) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.slice(*keys)) + end + + # Returns current <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance which + # contains only the given +keys+. + def slice!(*keys) + @parameters.slice!(*keys) + self + end + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance that + # filters out the given +keys+. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3) + # params.except(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"c"=>3} permitted: false> + # params.except(:d) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2, "c"=>3} permitted: false> + def except(*keys) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.except(*keys)) + end + + # Removes and returns the key/value pairs matching the given keys. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3) + # params.extract!(:a, :b) # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>1, "b"=>2} permitted: false> + # params # => <ActionController::Parameters {"c"=>3} permitted: false> + def extract!(*keys) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.extract!(*keys)) + end + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> with the results of + # running +block+ once for every value. The keys are unchanged. + # + # params = ActionController::Parameters.new(a: 1, b: 2, c: 3) + # params.transform_values { |x| x * 2 } + # # => <ActionController::Parameters {"a"=>2, "b"=>4, "c"=>6} permitted: false> + def transform_values + return to_enum(:transform_values) unless block_given? + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( + @parameters.transform_values { |v| yield convert_value_to_parameters(v) } + ) + end + + # Performs values transformation and returns the altered + # <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance. + def transform_values! + return to_enum(:transform_values!) unless block_given? + @parameters.transform_values! { |v| yield convert_value_to_parameters(v) } + self + end + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance with the + # results of running +block+ once for every key. The values are unchanged. + def transform_keys(&block) + if block + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( + @parameters.transform_keys(&block) + ) + else + @parameters.transform_keys + end + end + + # Performs keys transformation and returns the altered + # <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance. + def transform_keys!(&block) + @parameters.transform_keys!(&block) + self + end + + # Deletes a key-value pair from +Parameters+ and returns the value. If + # +key+ is not found, returns +nil+ (or, with optional code block, yields + # +key+ and returns the result). Cf. +#extract!+, which returns the + # corresponding +ActionController::Parameters+ object. + def delete(key, &block) + convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.delete(key, &block)) + end + + # Returns a new instance of <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> with only + # items that the block evaluates to true. + def select(&block) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.select(&block)) + end + + # Equivalent to Hash#keep_if, but returns +nil+ if no changes were made. + def select!(&block) + @parameters.select!(&block) + self + end + alias_method :keep_if, :select! + + # Returns a new instance of <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> with items + # that the block evaluates to true removed. + def reject(&block) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(@parameters.reject(&block)) + end + + # Removes items that the block evaluates to true and returns self. + def reject!(&block) + @parameters.reject!(&block) + self + end + alias_method :delete_if, :reject! + + # Returns values that were assigned to the given +keys+. Note that all the + # +Hash+ objects will be converted to <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt>. + def values_at(*keys) + convert_value_to_parameters(@parameters.values_at(*keys)) + end + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> with all keys from + # +other_hash+ merged into current hash. + def merge(other_hash) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( + @parameters.merge(other_hash.to_h) + ) + end + + # Returns current <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance with + # +other_hash+ merged into current hash. + def merge!(other_hash) + @parameters.merge!(other_hash.to_h) + self + end + + # Returns a new <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> with all keys from + # current hash merged into +other_hash+. + def reverse_merge(other_hash) + new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status( + other_hash.to_h.merge(@parameters) + ) + end + alias_method :with_defaults, :reverse_merge + + # Returns current <tt>ActionController::Parameters</tt> instance with + # current hash merged into +other_hash+. + def reverse_merge!(other_hash) + @parameters.merge!(other_hash.to_h) { |key, left, right| left } + self + end + alias_method :with_defaults!, :reverse_merge! + + # This is required by ActiveModel attribute assignment, so that user can + # pass +Parameters+ to a mass assignment methods in a model. It should not + # matter as we are using +HashWithIndifferentAccess+ internally. + def stringify_keys # :nodoc: + dup + end + + def inspect + "<#{self.class} #{@parameters} permitted: #{@permitted}>" + end + + def self.hook_into_yaml_loading # :nodoc: + # Wire up YAML format compatibility with Rails 4.2 and Psych 2.0.8 and 2.0.9+. + # Makes the YAML parser call `init_with` when it encounters the keys below + # instead of trying its own parsing routines. + YAML.load_tags["!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters"] = name + YAML.load_tags["!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters"] = name + end + hook_into_yaml_loading + + def init_with(coder) # :nodoc: + case coder.tag + when "!ruby/hash:ActionController::Parameters" + # YAML 2.0.8's format where hash instance variables weren't stored. + @parameters = coder.map.with_indifferent_access + @permitted = false + when "!ruby/hash-with-ivars:ActionController::Parameters" + # YAML 2.0.9's Hash subclass format where keys and values + # were stored under an elements hash and `permitted` within an ivars hash. + @parameters = coder.map["elements"].with_indifferent_access + @permitted = coder.map["ivars"][:@permitted] + when "!ruby/object:ActionController::Parameters" + # YAML's Object format. Only needed because of the format + # backwardscompability above, otherwise equivalent to YAML's initialization. + @parameters, @permitted = coder.map["parameters"], coder.map["permitted"] + end + end + + # Returns duplicate of object including all parameters. + def deep_dup + self.class.new(@parameters.deep_dup).tap do |duplicate| + duplicate.permitted = @permitted + end + end + + protected + attr_reader :parameters + + attr_writer :permitted + + def fields_for_style? + @parameters.all? { |k, v| k =~ /\A-?\d+\z/ && (v.is_a?(Hash) || v.is_a?(Parameters)) } + end + + private + def new_instance_with_inherited_permitted_status(hash) + self.class.new(hash).tap do |new_instance| + new_instance.permitted = @permitted + end + end + + def convert_parameters_to_hashes(value, using) + case value + when Array + value.map { |v| convert_parameters_to_hashes(v, using) } + when Hash + value.transform_values do |v| + convert_parameters_to_hashes(v, using) + end.with_indifferent_access + when Parameters + value.send(using) + else + value + end + end + + def convert_hashes_to_parameters(key, value) + converted = convert_value_to_parameters(value) + @parameters[key] = converted unless converted.equal?(value) + converted + end + + def convert_value_to_parameters(value) + case value + when Array + return value if converted_arrays.member?(value) + converted = value.map { |_| convert_value_to_parameters(_) } + converted_arrays << converted + converted + when Hash + self.class.new(value) + else + value + end + end + + def each_element(object) + case object + when Array + object.grep(Parameters).map { |el| yield el }.compact + when Parameters + if object.fields_for_style? + hash = object.class.new + object.each { |k, v| hash[k] = yield v } + hash + else + yield object + end + end + end + + def unpermitted_parameters!(params) + unpermitted_keys = unpermitted_keys(params) + if unpermitted_keys.any? + case self.class.action_on_unpermitted_parameters + when :log + name = "unpermitted_parameters.action_controller" + ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument(name, keys: unpermitted_keys) + when :raise + raise ActionController::UnpermittedParameters.new(unpermitted_keys) + end + end + end + + def unpermitted_keys(params) + keys - params.keys - always_permitted_parameters + end + + # + # --- Filtering ---------------------------------------------------------- + # + + # This is a white list of permitted scalar types that includes the ones + # supported in XML and JSON requests. + # + # This list is in particular used to filter ordinary requests, String goes + # as first element to quickly short-circuit the common case. + # + # If you modify this collection please update the API of +permit+ above. + PERMITTED_SCALAR_TYPES = [ + String, + Symbol, + NilClass, + Numeric, + TrueClass, + FalseClass, + Date, + Time, + # DateTimes are Dates, we document the type but avoid the redundant check. + StringIO, + IO, + ActionDispatch::Http::UploadedFile, + Rack::Test::UploadedFile, + ] + + def permitted_scalar?(value) + PERMITTED_SCALAR_TYPES.any? { |type| value.is_a?(type) } + end + + # Adds existing keys to the params if their values are scalar. + # + # For example: + # + # puts self.keys #=> ["zipcode(90210i)"] + # params = {} + # + # permitted_scalar_filter(params, "zipcode") + # + # puts params.keys # => ["zipcode"] + def permitted_scalar_filter(params, permitted_key) + permitted_key = permitted_key.to_s + + if has_key?(permitted_key) && permitted_scalar?(self[permitted_key]) + params[permitted_key] = self[permitted_key] + end + + each_key do |key| + next unless key =~ /\(\d+[if]?\)\z/ + next unless $~.pre_match == permitted_key + + params[key] = self[key] if permitted_scalar?(self[key]) + end + end + + def array_of_permitted_scalars?(value) + if value.is_a?(Array) && value.all? { |element| permitted_scalar?(element) } + yield value + end + end + + def non_scalar?(value) + value.is_a?(Array) || value.is_a?(Parameters) + end + + EMPTY_ARRAY = [] + EMPTY_HASH = {} + def hash_filter(params, filter) + filter = filter.with_indifferent_access + + # Slicing filters out non-declared keys. + slice(*filter.keys).each do |key, value| + next unless value + next unless has_key? key + + if filter[key] == EMPTY_ARRAY + # Declaration { comment_ids: [] }. + array_of_permitted_scalars?(self[key]) do |val| + params[key] = val + end + elsif filter[key] == EMPTY_HASH + # Declaration { preferences: {} }. + if value.is_a?(Parameters) + params[key] = permit_any_in_parameters(value) + end + elsif non_scalar?(value) + # Declaration { user: :name } or { user: [:name, :age, { address: ... }] }. + params[key] = each_element(value) do |element| + element.permit(*Array.wrap(filter[key])) + end + end + end + end + + def permit_any_in_parameters(params) + self.class.new.tap do |sanitized| + params.each do |key, value| + case value + when ->(v) { permitted_scalar?(v) } + sanitized[key] = value + when Array + sanitized[key] = permit_any_in_array(value) + when Parameters + sanitized[key] = permit_any_in_parameters(value) + else + # Filter this one out. + end + end + end + end + + def permit_any_in_array(array) + [].tap do |sanitized| + array.each do |element| + case element + when ->(e) { permitted_scalar?(e) } + sanitized << element + when Parameters + sanitized << permit_any_in_parameters(element) + else + # Filter this one out. + end + end + end + end + + def initialize_copy(source) + super + @parameters = @parameters.dup + end + end + + # == Strong \Parameters + # + # It provides an interface for protecting attributes from end-user + # assignment. This makes Action Controller parameters forbidden + # to be used in Active Model mass assignment until they have been explicitly + # enumerated. + # + # In addition, parameters can be marked as required and flow through a + # predefined raise/rescue flow to end up as a <tt>400 Bad Request</tt> with no + # effort. + # + # class PeopleController < ActionController::Base + # # Using "Person.create(params[:person])" would raise an + # # ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError exception because it'd + # # be using mass assignment without an explicit permit step. + # # This is the recommended form: + # def create + # Person.create(person_params) + # end + # + # # This will pass with flying colors as long as there's a person key in the + # # parameters, otherwise it'll raise an ActionController::ParameterMissing + # # exception, which will get caught by ActionController::Base and turned + # # into a 400 Bad Request reply. + # def update + # redirect_to current_account.people.find(params[:id]).tap { |person| + # person.update!(person_params) + # } + # end + # + # private + # # Using a private method to encapsulate the permissible parameters is + # # a good pattern since you'll be able to reuse the same permit + # # list between create and update. Also, you can specialize this method + # # with per-user checking of permissible attributes. + # def person_params + # params.require(:person).permit(:name, :age) + # end + # end + # + # In order to use <tt>accepts_nested_attributes_for</tt> with Strong \Parameters, you + # will need to specify which nested attributes should be permitted. You might want + # to allow +:id+ and +:_destroy+, see ActiveRecord::NestedAttributes for more information. + # + # class Person + # has_many :pets + # accepts_nested_attributes_for :pets + # end + # + # class PeopleController < ActionController::Base + # def create + # Person.create(person_params) + # end + # + # ... + # + # private + # + # def person_params + # # It's mandatory to specify the nested attributes that should be permitted. + # # If you use `permit` with just the key that points to the nested attributes hash, + # # it will return an empty hash. + # params.require(:person).permit(:name, :age, pets_attributes: [ :id, :name, :category ]) + # end + # end + # + # See ActionController::Parameters.require and ActionController::Parameters.permit + # for more information. + module StrongParameters + extend ActiveSupport::Concern + include ActiveSupport::Rescuable + + # Returns a new ActionController::Parameters object that + # has been instantiated with the <tt>request.parameters</tt>. + def params + @_params ||= Parameters.new(request.parameters) + end + + # Assigns the given +value+ to the +params+ hash. If +value+ + # is a Hash, this will create an ActionController::Parameters + # object that has been instantiated with the given +value+ hash. + def params=(value) + @_params = value.is_a?(Hash) ? Parameters.new(value) : value + end + end +end |