aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'actionpack/lib/abstract_controller')
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/asset_paths.rb2
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb41
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb14
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching/fragments.rb39
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb71
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/collector.rb6
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/error.rb2
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb47
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/logger.rb2
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/railties/routes_helpers.rb2
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb43
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb8
-rw-r--r--actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/url_for.rb2
13 files changed, 153 insertions, 126 deletions
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/asset_paths.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/asset_paths.rb
index e6170228d9..d6ee84b87b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/asset_paths.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/asset_paths.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
module AssetPaths #:nodoc:
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb
index d4317399ed..a312af6715 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
-require 'erubis'
-require 'abstract_controller/error'
-require 'active_support/configurable'
-require 'active_support/descendants_tracker'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "abstract_controller/error"
+require "active_support/configurable"
+require "active_support/descendants_tracker"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous"
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/attr_internal"
module AbstractController
# Raised when a non-existing controller action is triggered.
@@ -15,14 +16,21 @@ module AbstractController
# expected to provide their own +render+ method, since rendering means
# different things depending on the context.
class Base
+ ##
+ # Returns the body of the HTTP response sent by the controller.
attr_internal :response_body
+
+ ##
+ # Returns the name of the action this controller is processing.
attr_internal :action_name
+
+ ##
+ # Returns the formats that can be processed by the controller.
attr_internal :formats
include ActiveSupport::Configurable
extend ActiveSupport::DescendantsTracker
- undef_method :not_implemented
class << self
attr_reader :abstract
alias_method :abstract?, :abstract
@@ -94,7 +102,7 @@ module AbstractController
# ==== Returns
# * <tt>String</tt>
def controller_path
- @controller_path ||= name.sub(/Controller$/, ''.freeze).underscore unless anonymous?
+ @controller_path ||= name.sub(/Controller$/, "".freeze).underscore unless anonymous?
end
# Refresh the cached action_methods when a new action_method is added.
@@ -150,6 +158,13 @@ module AbstractController
_find_action_name(action_name)
end
+ # Tests if a response body is set. Used to determine if the
+ # +process_action+ callback needs to be terminated in
+ # +AbstractController::Callbacks+.
+ def performed?
+ response_body
+ end
+
# Returns true if the given controller is capable of rendering
# a path. A subclass of +AbstractController::Base+
# may return false. An Email controller for example does not
@@ -165,8 +180,6 @@ module AbstractController
#
# ==== Parameters
# * <tt>name</tt> - The name of an action to be tested
- #
- # :api: private
def action_method?(name)
self.class.action_methods.include?(name)
end
@@ -208,7 +221,7 @@ module AbstractController
# ==== Returns
# * <tt>string</tt> - The name of the method that handles the action
# * false - No valid method name could be found.
- # Raise AbstractController::ActionNotFound.
+ # Raise +AbstractController::ActionNotFound+.
def _find_action_name(action_name)
_valid_action_name?(action_name) && method_for_action(action_name)
end
@@ -224,11 +237,11 @@ module AbstractController
# with a template matching the action name is considered to exist.
#
# If you override this method to handle additional cases, you may
- # also provide a method (like _handle_method_missing) to handle
+ # also provide a method (like +_handle_method_missing+) to handle
# the case.
#
- # If none of these conditions are true, and method_for_action
- # returns nil, an AbstractController::ActionNotFound exception will be raised.
+ # If none of these conditions are true, and +method_for_action+
+ # returns +nil+, an +AbstractController::ActionNotFound+ exception will be raised.
#
# ==== Parameters
# * <tt>action_name</tt> - An action name to find a method name for
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb
index 0dea50889a..ce6b757c3c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
module Caching
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
@@ -29,13 +31,15 @@ module AbstractController
extend ConfigMethods
config_accessor :default_static_extension
- self.default_static_extension ||= '.html'
+ self.default_static_extension ||= ".html"
config_accessor :perform_caching
self.perform_caching = true if perform_caching.nil?
- class_attribute :_view_cache_dependencies
- self._view_cache_dependencies = []
+ config_accessor :enable_fragment_cache_logging
+ self.enable_fragment_cache_logging = false
+
+ class_attribute :_view_cache_dependencies, default: []
helper_method :view_cache_dependencies if respond_to?(:helper_method)
end
@@ -49,9 +53,9 @@ module AbstractController
self.class._view_cache_dependencies.map { |dep| instance_exec(&dep) }.compact
end
- protected
+ private
# Convenience accessor.
- def cache(key, options = {}, &block)
+ def cache(key, options = {}, &block) # :doc:
if cache_configured?
cache_store.fetch(ActiveSupport::Cache.expand_cache_key(key, :controller), options, &block)
else
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching/fragments.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching/fragments.rb
index 3257a731ed..f99b0830b2 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching/fragments.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/caching/fragments.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
module Caching
# Fragment caching is used for caching various blocks within
@@ -25,7 +27,10 @@ module AbstractController
self.fragment_cache_keys = []
- helper_method :fragment_cache_key if respond_to?(:helper_method)
+ if respond_to?(:helper_method)
+ helper_method :fragment_cache_key
+ helper_method :combined_fragment_cache_key
+ end
end
module ClassMethods
@@ -51,7 +56,7 @@ module AbstractController
# end
# end
def fragment_cache_key(value = nil, &key)
- self.fragment_cache_keys += [key || ->{ value }]
+ self.fragment_cache_keys += [key || -> { value }]
end
end
@@ -62,17 +67,36 @@ module AbstractController
# with the specified +key+ value. The key is expanded using
# ActiveSupport::Cache.expand_cache_key.
def fragment_cache_key(key)
+ ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
+ Calling fragment_cache_key directly is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 6.0.
+ All fragment accessors now use the combined_fragment_cache_key method that retains the key as an array,
+ such that the caching stores can interrogate the parts for cache versions used in
+ recyclable cache keys.
+ MSG
+
head = self.class.fragment_cache_keys.map { |k| instance_exec(&k) }
tail = key.is_a?(Hash) ? url_for(key).split("://").last : key
ActiveSupport::Cache.expand_cache_key([*head, *tail], :views)
end
+ # Given a key (as described in +expire_fragment+), returns
+ # a key array suitable for use in reading, writing, or expiring a
+ # cached fragment. All keys begin with <tt>:views</tt>,
+ # followed by ENV["RAILS_CACHE_ID"] or ENV["RAILS_APP_VERSION"] if set,
+ # followed by any controller-wide key prefix values, ending
+ # with the specified +key+ value.
+ def combined_fragment_cache_key(key)
+ head = self.class.fragment_cache_keys.map { |k| instance_exec(&k) }
+ tail = key.is_a?(Hash) ? url_for(key).split("://").last : key
+ [ :views, (ENV["RAILS_CACHE_ID"] || ENV["RAILS_APP_VERSION"]), *head, *tail ].compact
+ end
+
# Writes +content+ to the location signified by
# +key+ (see +expire_fragment+ for acceptable formats).
def write_fragment(key, content, options = nil)
return content unless cache_configured?
- key = fragment_cache_key(key)
+ key = combined_fragment_cache_key(key)
instrument_fragment_cache :write_fragment, key do
content = content.to_str
cache_store.write(key, content, options)
@@ -85,7 +109,7 @@ module AbstractController
def read_fragment(key, options = nil)
return unless cache_configured?
- key = fragment_cache_key(key)
+ key = combined_fragment_cache_key(key)
instrument_fragment_cache :read_fragment, key do
result = cache_store.read(key, options)
result.respond_to?(:html_safe) ? result.html_safe : result
@@ -96,7 +120,7 @@ module AbstractController
# +key+ exists (see +expire_fragment+ for acceptable formats).
def fragment_exist?(key, options = nil)
return unless cache_configured?
- key = fragment_cache_key(key)
+ key = combined_fragment_cache_key(key)
instrument_fragment_cache :exist_fragment?, key do
cache_store.exist?(key, options)
@@ -123,7 +147,7 @@ module AbstractController
# method (or <tt>delete_matched</tt>, for Regexp keys).
def expire_fragment(key, options = nil)
return unless cache_configured?
- key = fragment_cache_key(key) unless key.is_a?(Regexp)
+ key = combined_fragment_cache_key(key) unless key.is_a?(Regexp)
instrument_fragment_cache :expire_fragment, key do
if key.is_a?(Regexp)
@@ -135,8 +159,7 @@ module AbstractController
end
def instrument_fragment_cache(name, key) # :nodoc:
- payload = instrument_payload(key)
- ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument("#{name}.#{instrument_name}", payload) { yield }
+ ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument("#{name}.#{instrument_name}", instrument_payload(key)) { yield }
end
end
end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb
index d63ce9c1c3..146d17cf40 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,26 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
+ # = Abstract Controller Callbacks
+ #
+ # Abstract Controller provides hooks during the life cycle of a controller action.
+ # Callbacks allow you to trigger logic during this cycle. Available callbacks are:
+ #
+ # * <tt>after_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>append_after_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>append_around_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>append_before_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>around_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>before_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>prepend_after_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>prepend_around_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>prepend_before_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>skip_after_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>skip_around_action</tt>
+ # * <tt>skip_before_action</tt>
+ #
+ # NOTE: Calling the same callback multiple times will overwrite previous callback definitions.
+ #
module Callbacks
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
@@ -9,12 +31,12 @@ module AbstractController
included do
define_callbacks :process_action,
- terminator: ->(controller, result_lambda) { result_lambda.call if result_lambda.is_a?(Proc); controller.response_body },
+ terminator: ->(controller, result_lambda) { result_lambda.call; controller.performed? },
skip_after_callbacks_if_terminated: true
end
- # Override AbstractController::Base's process_action to run the
- # process_action callbacks around the normal behavior.
+ # Override <tt>AbstractController::Base#process_action</tt> to run the
+ # <tt>process_action</tt> callbacks around the normal behavior.
def process_action(*args)
run_callbacks(:process_action) do
super
@@ -49,30 +71,11 @@ module AbstractController
def _normalize_callback_option(options, from, to) # :nodoc:
if from = options[from]
_from = Array(from).map(&:to_s).to_set
- from = proc {|c| _from.include? c.action_name }
+ from = proc { |c| _from.include? c.action_name }
options[to] = Array(options[to]).unshift(from)
end
end
- # Skip before, after, and around action callbacks matching any of the names.
- #
- # ==== Parameters
- # * <tt>names</tt> - A list of valid names that could be used for
- # callbacks. Note that skipping uses Ruby equality, so it's
- # impossible to skip a callback defined using an anonymous proc
- # using #skip_action_callback.
- def skip_action_callback(*names)
- ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('`skip_action_callback` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Please use skip_before_action, skip_after_action or skip_around_action instead.')
- skip_before_action(*names, raise: false)
- skip_after_action(*names, raise: false)
- skip_around_action(*names, raise: false)
- end
-
- def skip_filter(*names)
- ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("`skip_filter` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Use skip_before_action, skip_after_action or skip_around_action instead.")
- skip_action_callback(*names)
- end
-
# Take callback names and an optional callback proc, normalize them,
# then call the block with each callback. This allows us to abstract
# the normalization across several methods that use it.
@@ -187,22 +190,12 @@ module AbstractController
end
end
- define_method "#{callback}_filter" do |*names, &blk|
- ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("#{callback}_filter is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Use #{callback}_action instead.")
- send("#{callback}_action", *names, &blk)
- end
-
define_method "prepend_#{callback}_action" do |*names, &blk|
_insert_callbacks(names, blk) do |name, options|
- set_callback(:process_action, callback, name, options.merge(:prepend => true))
+ set_callback(:process_action, callback, name, options.merge(prepend: true))
end
end
- define_method "prepend_#{callback}_filter" do |*names, &blk|
- ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("prepend_#{callback}_filter is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Use prepend_#{callback}_action instead.")
- send("prepend_#{callback}_action", *names, &blk)
- end
-
# Skip a before, after or around callback. See _insert_callbacks
# for details on the allowed parameters.
define_method "skip_#{callback}_action" do |*names|
@@ -211,18 +204,8 @@ module AbstractController
end
end
- define_method "skip_#{callback}_filter" do |*names, &blk|
- ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("skip_#{callback}_filter is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Use skip_#{callback}_action instead.")
- send("skip_#{callback}_action", *names, &blk)
- end
-
# *_action is the same as append_*_action
alias_method :"append_#{callback}_action", :"#{callback}_action"
-
- define_method "append_#{callback}_filter" do |*names, &blk|
- ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("append_#{callback}_filter is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. Use append_#{callback}_action instead.")
- send("append_#{callback}_action", *names, &blk)
- end
end
end
end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/collector.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/collector.rb
index 55654be224..297ec5ca40 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/collector.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/collector.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
require "action_dispatch/http/mime_type"
module AbstractController
@@ -16,10 +18,10 @@ module AbstractController
end
Mime::Type.register_callback do |mime|
- generate_method_for_mime(mime) unless self.instance_methods.include?(mime.to_sym)
+ generate_method_for_mime(mime) unless instance_methods.include?(mime.to_sym)
end
- protected
+ private
def method_missing(symbol, &block)
unless mime_constant = Mime[symbol]
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/error.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/error.rb
index 7fafce4dd4..89a54f072e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/error.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/error.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
class Error < StandardError #:nodoc:
end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb
index ab4355296b..35b462bc92 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
-require 'active_support/dependencies'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_support/dependencies"
module AbstractController
module Helpers
extend ActiveSupport::Concern
included do
- class_attribute :_helpers
- self._helpers = Module.new
-
- class_attribute :_helper_methods
- self._helper_methods = Array.new
+ class_attribute :_helpers, default: Module.new
+ class_attribute :_helper_methods, default: Array.new
end
class MissingHelperError < LoadError
@@ -171,25 +170,25 @@ module AbstractController
end
private
- # Makes all the (instance) methods in the helper module available to templates
- # rendered through this controller.
- #
- # ==== Parameters
- # * <tt>module</tt> - The module to include into the current helper module
- # for the class
- def add_template_helper(mod)
- _helpers.module_eval { include mod }
- end
+ # Makes all the (instance) methods in the helper module available to templates
+ # rendered through this controller.
+ #
+ # ==== Parameters
+ # * <tt>module</tt> - The module to include into the current helper module
+ # for the class
+ def add_template_helper(mod)
+ _helpers.module_eval { include mod }
+ end
- def default_helper_module!
- module_name = name.sub(/Controller$/, ''.freeze)
- module_path = module_name.underscore
- helper module_path
- rescue LoadError => e
- raise e unless e.is_missing? "helpers/#{module_path}_helper"
- rescue NameError => e
- raise e unless e.missing_name? "#{module_name}Helper"
- end
+ def default_helper_module!
+ module_name = name.sub(/Controller$/, "".freeze)
+ module_path = module_name.underscore
+ helper module_path
+ rescue LoadError => e
+ raise e unless e.is_missing? "helpers/#{module_path}_helper"
+ rescue NameError => e
+ raise e unless e.missing_name? "#{module_name}Helper"
+ end
end
end
end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/logger.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/logger.rb
index c31ea6c5b5..8d0acc1b5c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/logger.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/logger.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
require "active_support/benchmarkable"
module AbstractController
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/railties/routes_helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/railties/routes_helpers.rb
index 14b574e322..b6e5631a4e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/railties/routes_helpers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/railties/routes_helpers.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
module Railties
module RoutesHelpers
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb
index a6fb0dbe1d..8ba2b25552 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-require 'abstract_controller/error'
-require 'active_support/concern'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute'
-require 'action_view'
-require 'action_view/view_paths'
-require 'set'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "abstract_controller/error"
+require "action_view"
+require "action_view/view_paths"
+require "set"
module AbstractController
class DoubleRenderError < Error
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ module AbstractController
# Normalizes arguments, options and then delegates render_to_body and
# sticks the result in <tt>self.response_body</tt>.
- # :api: public
def render(*args, &block)
options = _normalize_render(*args, &block)
rendered_body = render_to_body(options)
@@ -42,19 +41,16 @@ module AbstractController
# (as ActionController extends it to be anything that
# responds to the method each), this method needs to be
# overridden in order to still return a string.
- # :api: plugin
def render_to_string(*args, &block)
options = _normalize_render(*args, &block)
render_to_body(options)
end
# Performs the actual template rendering.
- # :api: public
def render_to_body(options = {})
end
- # Returns Content-Type of rendered content
- # :api: public
+ # Returns Content-Type of rendered content.
def rendered_format
Mime[:text]
end
@@ -65,7 +61,6 @@ module AbstractController
# This method should return a hash with assigns.
# You can overwrite this configuration per controller.
- # :api: public
def view_assigns
protected_vars = _protected_ivars
variables = instance_variables
@@ -76,11 +71,11 @@ module AbstractController
}
end
+ private
# Normalize args by converting <tt>render "foo"</tt> to
# <tt>render :action => "foo"</tt> and <tt>render "foo/bar"</tt> to
# <tt>render :file => "foo/bar"</tt>.
- # :api: plugin
- def _normalize_args(action=nil, options={})
+ def _normalize_args(action = nil, options = {}) # :doc:
if action.respond_to?(:permitted?)
if action.permitted?
action
@@ -95,20 +90,20 @@ module AbstractController
end
# Normalize options.
- # :api: plugin
- def _normalize_options(options)
+ def _normalize_options(options) # :doc:
options
end
# Process extra options.
- # :api: plugin
- def _process_options(options)
+ def _process_options(options) # :doc:
options
end
# Process the rendered format.
- # :api: private
- def _process_format(format)
+ def _process_format(format) # :nodoc:
+ end
+
+ def _process_variant(options)
end
def _set_html_content_type # :nodoc:
@@ -118,13 +113,9 @@ module AbstractController
end
# Normalize args and options.
- # :api: private
- def _normalize_render(*args, &block)
+ def _normalize_render(*args, &block) # :nodoc:
options = _normalize_args(*args, &block)
- #TODO: remove defined? when we restore AP <=> AV dependency
- if defined?(request) && request.variant.present?
- options[:variant] = request.variant
- end
+ _process_variant(options)
_normalize_options(options)
options
end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb
index 56b8ce895e..666e154e4c 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/translation.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
module Translation
# Delegates to <tt>I18n.translate</tt>. Also aliased as <tt>t</tt>.
@@ -9,11 +11,11 @@ module AbstractController
# to translate many keys within the same controller / action and gives you a
# simple framework for scoping them consistently.
def translate(key, options = {})
- if key.to_s.first == '.'
- path = controller_path.tr('/', '.')
+ if key.to_s.first == "."
+ path = controller_path.tr("/", ".")
defaults = [:"#{path}#{key}"]
defaults << options[:default] if options[:default]
- options[:default] = defaults
+ options[:default] = defaults.flatten
key = "#{path}.#{action_name}#{key}"
end
I18n.translate(key, options)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/url_for.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/url_for.rb
index 72d07b0927..bd74c27d3b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/url_for.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/url_for.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
module AbstractController
# Includes +url_for+ into the host class (e.g. an abstract controller or mailer). The class
# has to provide a +RouteSet+ by implementing the <tt>_routes</tt> methods. Otherwise, an