diff options
33 files changed, 410 insertions, 270 deletions
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index c3cb009140..9268977c2f 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ # Don't put *.swp, *.bak, etc here; those belong in a global ~/.gitignore. # Check out https://help.github.com/articles/ignoring-files for how to set that up. -debug.log .Gemfile -/.bundle -/.ruby-version +.ruby-version +debug.log pkg +/.bundle /dist /doc/rdoc /*/doc @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ platforms :ruby do group :db do gem 'pg', '>= 0.18.0' gem 'mysql', '>= 2.9.0' - gem 'mysql2', '>= 0.3.18' + gem 'mysql2', '>= 0.4.0', github: 'brianmario/mysql2' end end diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock index 46c347c98a..0700980bca 100644 --- a/Gemfile.lock +++ b/Gemfile.lock @@ -20,6 +20,12 @@ GIT redis-namespace GIT + remote: git://github.com/brianmario/mysql2.git + revision: 4d76557499b762d5a62aebb7f6a56510ad221eab + specs: + mysql2 (0.4.0) + +GIT remote: git://github.com/mikel/mail.git revision: 64ef1a12efcdda53fd63e1456c2c564044bf82ce branch: master @@ -203,7 +209,6 @@ GEM multi_json (1.11.2) mustache (1.0.2) mysql (2.9.1) - mysql2 (0.3.19) nokogiri (1.6.6.2) mini_portile (~> 0.6.0) nokogiri (1.6.6.2-x64-mingw32) @@ -313,7 +318,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES minitest (< 5.3.4) mocha (~> 0.14) mysql (>= 2.9.0) - mysql2 (>= 0.3.18) + mysql2 (>= 0.4.0)! nokogiri (>= 1.4.5) pg (>= 0.18.0) psych (~> 2.0) diff --git a/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md b/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md index 1cfd633606..f2229d61fb 100644 --- a/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md +++ b/actionpack/CHANGELOG.md @@ -1,3 +1,30 @@ +* Make it easier to opt in to `config.force_ssl` and `config.ssl_options` by + making them less dangerous to try and easier to disable. + + SSL redirect: + * Move `:host` and `:port` options within `redirect: { … }`. Deprecate. + * Introduce `:status` and `:body` to customize the redirect response. + The 301 permanent default makes it difficult to test the redirect and + back out of it since browsers remember the 301. Test with a 302 or 307 + instead, then switch to 301 once you're confident that all is well. + + HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS): + * Shorter max-age. Shorten the default max-age from 1 year to 180 days, + the low end for https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/ grading and greater + than the 18-week minimum to qualify for browser preload lists. + * Disabling HSTS. Setting `hsts: false` now sets `hsts { expires: 0 }` + instead of omitting the header. Omitting does nothing to disable HSTS + since browsers hang on to your previous settings until they expire. + Sending `{ hsts: { expires: 0 }}` flushes out old browser settings and + actually disables HSTS: + http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797#section-6.1.1 + * HSTS Preload. Introduce `preload: true` to set the `preload` flag, + indicating that your site may be included in browser preload lists, + including Chrome, Firefox, Safari, IE11, and Edge. Submit your site: + https://hstspreload.appspot.com + + *Jeremy Daer* + * Update `ActionController::TestSession#fetch` to behave more like `ActionDispatch::Request::Session#fetch` when using non-string keys. diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb index 7b3d8bcc5b..b72953f1d1 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/ssl.rb @@ -1,72 +1,128 @@ module ActionDispatch + # This middleware is added to the stack when `config.force_ssl = true`. + # It does three jobs to enforce secure HTTP requests: + # + # 1. TLS redirect. http:// requests are permanently redirected to https:// + # with the same URL host, path, etc. Pass `:host` and/or `:port` to + # modify the destination URL. This is always enabled. + # + # 2. Secure cookies. Sets the `secure` flag on cookies to tell browsers they + # mustn't be sent along with http:// requests. This is always enabled. + # + # 3. HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS). Tells the browser to remember + # this site as TLS-only and automatically redirect non-TLS requests. + # Enabled by default. Pass `hsts: false` to disable. + # + # Configure HSTS with `hsts: { … }`: + # * `expires`: How long, in seconds, these settings will stick. Defaults to + # `18.weeks`, the minimum required to qualify for browser preload lists. + # * `subdomains`: Set to `true` to tell the browser to apply these settings + # to all subdomains. This protects your cookies from interception by a + # vulnerable site on a subdomain. Defaults to `false`. + # * `preload`: Advertise that this site may be included in browsers' + # preloaded HSTS lists. HSTS protects your site on every visit *except the + # first visit* since it hasn't seen your HSTS header yet. To close this + # gap, browser vendors include a baked-in list of HSTS-enabled sites. + # Go to https://hstspreload.appspot.com to submit your site for inclusion. + # + # Disabling HSTS: To turn off HSTS, omitting the header is not enough. + # Browsers will remember the original HSTS directive until it expires. + # Instead, use the header to tell browsers to expire HSTS immediately. + # Setting `hsts: false` is a shortcut for `hsts: { expires: 0 }`. class SSL - YEAR = 31536000 + # Default to 180 days, the low end for https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/ + # and greater than the 18-week requirement for browser preload lists. + HSTS_EXPIRES_IN = 15552000 def self.default_hsts_options - { :expires => YEAR, :subdomains => false } + { expires: HSTS_EXPIRES_IN, subdomains: false, preload: false } end - def initialize(app, options = {}) + def initialize(app, redirect: {}, hsts: {}, **options) @app = app - @hsts = options.fetch(:hsts, {}) - @hsts = {} if @hsts == true - @hsts = self.class.default_hsts_options.merge(@hsts) if @hsts + if options[:host] || options[:port] + ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn <<-end_warning.strip_heredoc + The `:host` and `:port` options are moving within `:redirect`: + `config.ssl_options = { redirect: { host: …, port: … }}`. + end_warning + @redirect = options.slice(:host, :port) + else + @redirect = redirect + end - @host = options[:host] - @port = options[:port] + @hsts_header = build_hsts_header(normalize_hsts_options(hsts)) end def call(env) - request = Request.new(env) + request = Request.new env if request.ssl? - status, headers, body = @app.call(env) - headers.reverse_merge!(hsts_headers) - flag_cookies_as_secure!(headers) - [status, headers, body] + @app.call(env).tap do |status, headers, body| + set_hsts_header! headers + flag_cookies_as_secure! headers + end else - redirect_to_https(request) + redirect_to_https request end end private - def redirect_to_https(request) - host = @host || request.host - port = @port || request.port - - location = "https://#{host}" - location << ":#{port}" if port != 80 - location << request.fullpath - - headers = { 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', 'Location' => location } - - [301, headers, []] + def set_hsts_header!(headers) + headers['Strict-Transport-Security'.freeze] ||= @hsts_header end - # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hodges-strict-transport-sec-02 - def hsts_headers - if @hsts - value = "max-age=#{@hsts[:expires].to_i}" - value += "; includeSubDomains" if @hsts[:subdomains] - { 'Strict-Transport-Security' => value } + def normalize_hsts_options(options) + case options + # Explicitly disabling HSTS clears the existing setting from browsers + # by setting expiry to 0. + when false + self.class.default_hsts_options.merge(expires: 0) + # Default to enabled, with default options. + when nil, true + self.class.default_hsts_options else - {} + self.class.default_hsts_options.merge(options) end end + # http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797#section-6.1 + def build_hsts_header(hsts) + value = "max-age=#{hsts[:expires].to_i}" + value << "; includeSubDomains" if hsts[:subdomains] + value << "; preload" if hsts[:preload] + value + end + def flag_cookies_as_secure!(headers) - if cookies = headers['Set-Cookie'] - cookies = cookies.split("\n") + if cookies = headers['Set-Cookie'.freeze] + cookies = cookies.split("\n".freeze) - headers['Set-Cookie'] = cookies.map { |cookie| + headers['Set-Cookie'.freeze] = cookies.map { |cookie| if cookie !~ /;\s*secure\s*(;|$)/i "#{cookie}; secure" else cookie end - }.join("\n") + }.join("\n".freeze) end end + + def redirect_to_https(request) + [ @redirect.fetch(:status, 301), + { 'Content-Type' => 'text/html', + 'Location' => https_location_for(request) }, + @redirect.fetch(:body, []) ] + end + + def https_location_for(request) + host = @redirect[:host] || request.host + port = @redirect[:port] || request.port + + location = "https://#{host}" + location << ":#{port}" if port != 80 && port != 443 + location << request.fullpath + location + end end end diff --git a/actionpack/test/dispatch/ssl_test.rb b/actionpack/test/dispatch/ssl_test.rb index 017e9ba2dd..7a5b8393dc 100644 --- a/actionpack/test/dispatch/ssl_test.rb +++ b/actionpack/test/dispatch/ssl_test.rb @@ -1,230 +1,199 @@ require 'abstract_unit' class SSLTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest - def default_app - lambda { |env| - headers = {'Content-Type' => "text/html"} - headers['Set-Cookie'] = "id=1; path=/\ntoken=abc; path=/; secure; HttpOnly" - [200, headers, ["OK"]] + HEADERS = Rack::Utils::HeaderHash.new 'Content-Type' => 'text/html' + + attr_accessor :app + + def build_app(headers: {}, ssl_options: {}) + headers = HEADERS.merge(headers) + ActionDispatch::SSL.new lambda { |env| [200, headers, []] }, ssl_options + end +end + +class RedirectSSLTest < SSLTest + def assert_not_redirected(url, headers: {}) + self.app = build_app + get url, headers: headers + assert_response :ok + end + + def assert_redirected(host: nil, port: nil, status: 301, body: [], + deprecated_host: nil, deprecated_port: nil, + from: 'http://a/b?c=d', to: from.sub('http', 'https')) + + self.app = build_app ssl_options: { + redirect: { host: host, port: port, status: status, body: body }, + host: deprecated_host, port: deprecated_port } + + get from + assert_response status + assert_redirected_to to + assert_equal body.join, @response.body end - def app - @app ||= ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app) + test 'https is not redirected' do + assert_not_redirected 'https://example.org' end - attr_writer :app - def test_allows_https_url - get "https://example.org/path?key=value" - assert_response :success + test 'proxied https is not redirected' do + assert_not_redirected 'http://example.org', headers: { 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO' => 'https' } end - def test_allows_https_proxy_header_url - get "http://example.org/", headers: { 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO' => "https" } - assert_response :success + test 'http is redirected to https' do + assert_redirected end - def test_redirects_http_to_https - get "http://example.org/path?key=value" - assert_response :redirect - assert_equal "https://example.org/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + test 'redirect with non-301 status' do + assert_redirected status: 307 end - def test_hsts_header_by_default - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal "max-age=31536000", - response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test 'redirect with custom body' do + assert_redirected body: ['foo'] end - def test_no_hsts_with_insecure_connection - get "http://example.org/" - assert_not response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test 'redirect to specific host' do + assert_redirected host: 'ssl', to: 'https://ssl/b?c=d' end - def test_hsts_header - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :hsts => true) - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal "max-age=31536000", - response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test 'redirect to default port' do + assert_redirected port: 443 end - def test_disable_hsts_header - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :hsts => false) - get "https://example.org/" - assert_not response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test 'redirect to non-default port' do + assert_redirected port: 8443, to: 'https://a:8443/b?c=d' end - def test_hsts_expires - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :hsts => { :expires => 500 }) - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal "max-age=500", - response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test 'redirect to different host and non-default port' do + assert_redirected host: 'ssl', port: 8443, to: 'https://ssl:8443/b?c=d' end - def test_hsts_expires_with_duration - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :hsts => { :expires => 1.year }) - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal "max-age=31557600", - response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test 'redirect to different host including port' do + assert_redirected host: 'ssl:443', to: 'https://ssl:443/b?c=d' end - def test_hsts_include_subdomains - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :hsts => { :subdomains => true }) - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains", - response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] + test ':host is deprecated, moved within redirect: { host: … }' do + assert_deprecated do + assert_redirected deprecated_host: 'foo', to: 'https://foo/b?c=d' + end end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["id=1; path=/; secure", "token=abc; path=/; secure; HttpOnly" ], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + test ':port is deprecated, moved within redirect: { port: … }' do + assert_deprecated do + assert_redirected deprecated_port: 1, to: 'https://a:1/b?c=d' + end end +end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_at_end_of_line - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - headers = { - 'Content-Type' => "text/html", - 'Set-Cookie' => "problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure" - } - [200, headers, ["OK"]] - }) +class StrictTransportSecurityTest < SSLTest + EXPECTED = 'max-age=15552000' - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure"], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + def assert_hsts(expected, url: 'https://example.org', hsts: {}, headers: {}) + self.app = build_app ssl_options: { hsts: hsts }, headers: headers + get url + assert_equal expected, response.headers['Strict-Transport-Security'] end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_more_spaces_before - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - headers = { - 'Content-Type' => "text/html", - 'Set-Cookie' => "problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure" - } - [200, headers, ["OK"]] - }) + test 'enabled by default' do + assert_hsts EXPECTED + end - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure"], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + test 'not sent with http:// responses' do + assert_hsts nil, url: 'http://example.org' end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_more_spaces_after - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - headers = { - 'Content-Type' => "text/html", - 'Set-Cookie' => "problem=def; path=/; secure; HttpOnly" - } - [200, headers, ["OK"]] - }) + test 'defers to app-provided header' do + assert_hsts 'app-provided', headers: { 'Strict-Transport-Security' => 'app-provided' } + end - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["problem=def; path=/; secure; HttpOnly"], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + test 'hsts: true enables default settings' do + assert_hsts EXPECTED, hsts: true end + test 'hsts: false sets max-age to zero, clearing browser HSTS settings' do + assert_hsts 'max-age=0', hsts: false + end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_has_not_spaces_before - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - headers = { - 'Content-Type' => "text/html", - 'Set-Cookie' => "problem=def; path=/;secure; HttpOnly" - } - [200, headers, ["OK"]] - }) + test ':expires sets max-age' do + assert_hsts 'max-age=500', hsts: { expires: 500 } + end - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["problem=def; path=/;secure; HttpOnly"], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + test ':expires supports AS::Duration arguments' do + assert_hsts 'max-age=31557600', hsts: { expires: 1.year } end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_has_not_spaces_after - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - headers = { - 'Content-Type' => "text/html", - 'Set-Cookie' => "problem=def; path=/; secure;HttpOnly" - } - [200, headers, ["OK"]] - }) + test 'include subdomains' do + assert_hsts "#{EXPECTED}; includeSubDomains", hsts: { subdomains: true } + end - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["problem=def; path=/; secure;HttpOnly"], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + test 'exclude subdomains' do + assert_hsts EXPECTED, hsts: { subdomains: false } end - def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_ignore_case - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - headers = { - 'Content-Type' => "text/html", - 'Set-Cookie' => "problem=def; path=/; Secure; HttpOnly" - } - [200, headers, ["OK"]] - }) + test 'opt in to browser preload lists' do + assert_hsts "#{EXPECTED}; preload", hsts: { preload: true } + end - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal ["problem=def; path=/; Secure; HttpOnly"], - response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + test 'opt out of browser preload lists' do + assert_hsts EXPECTED, hsts: { preload: false } end +end - def test_no_cookies - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| - [200, {'Content-Type' => "text/html"}, ["OK"]] - }) - get "https://example.org/" - assert !response.headers['Set-Cookie'] +class SecureCookiesTest < SSLTest + DEFAULT = %(id=1; path=/\ntoken=abc; path=/; secure; HttpOnly) + + def get(**options) + self.app = build_app(**options) + super 'https://example.org' + end + + def assert_cookies(*expected) + assert_equal expected, response.headers['Set-Cookie'].split("\n") + end + + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => DEFAULT } + assert_cookies 'id=1; path=/; secure', 'token=abc; path=/; secure; HttpOnly' end - def test_redirect_to_host - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :host => "ssl.example.org") - get "http://example.org/path?key=value" - assert_equal "https://ssl.example.org/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_at_end_of_line + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => 'problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure' } + assert_cookies 'problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure' + end + + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_more_spaces_before + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => 'problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure' } + assert_cookies 'problem=def; path=/; HttpOnly; secure' end - def test_redirect_to_port - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :port => 8443) - get "http://example.org/path?key=value" - assert_equal "https://example.org:8443/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_more_spaces_after + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => 'problem=def; path=/; secure; HttpOnly' } + assert_cookies 'problem=def; path=/; secure; HttpOnly' end - def test_redirect_to_host_and_port - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :host => "ssl.example.org", :port => 8443) - get "http://example.org/path?key=value" - assert_equal "https://ssl.example.org:8443/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_has_not_spaces_before + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => 'problem=def; path=/;secure; HttpOnly' } + assert_cookies 'problem=def; path=/;secure; HttpOnly' end - def test_redirect_to_host_with_port - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :host => "ssl.example.org:443") - get "http://example.org/path?key=value" - assert_equal "https://ssl.example.org:443/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_has_not_spaces_after + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => 'problem=def; path=/; secure;HttpOnly' } + assert_cookies 'problem=def; path=/; secure;HttpOnly' end - def test_redirect_to_secure_host_when_on_subdomain - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :host => "ssl.example.org") - get "http://ssl.example.org/path?key=value" - assert_equal "https://ssl.example.org/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + def test_flag_cookies_as_secure_with_ignore_case + get headers: { 'Set-Cookie' => 'problem=def; path=/; Secure; HttpOnly' } + assert_cookies 'problem=def; path=/; Secure; HttpOnly' end - def test_redirect_to_secure_subdomain_when_on_deep_subdomain - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(default_app, :host => "example.co.uk") - get "http://double.rainbow.what.does.it.mean.example.co.uk/path?key=value" - assert_equal "https://example.co.uk/path?key=value", - response.headers['Location'] + def test_no_cookies + get + assert_nil response.headers['Set-Cookie'] end def test_keeps_original_headers_behavior - headers = Rack::Utils::HeaderHash.new( - "Content-Type" => "text/html", - "Connection" => ["close"] - ) - self.app = ActionDispatch::SSL.new(lambda { |env| [200, headers, ["OK"]] }) - - get "https://example.org/" - assert_equal "close", response.headers["Connection"] + get headers: { 'Connection' => %w[close] } + assert_equal 'close', response.headers['Connection'] end end diff --git a/actionview/lib/action_view/template.rb b/actionview/lib/action_view/template.rb index e232808dcb..0ed208f27e 100644 --- a/actionview/lib/action_view/template.rb +++ b/actionview/lib/action_view/template.rb @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ module ActionView @compile_mutex = Mutex.new end - # Returns if the underlying handler supports streaming. If so, + # Returns whether the underlying handler supports streaming. If so, # a streaming buffer *may* be passed when it start rendering. def supports_streaming? handler.respond_to?(:supports_streaming?) && handler.supports_streaming? diff --git a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md index ec3ec06c2b..554bec17d6 100644 --- a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md +++ b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md @@ -1,3 +1,25 @@ +* Correct query for PostgreSQL 8.2 compatibility. + + *Ben Murphy*, *Matthew Draper* + +* `bin/rake db:migrate` uses + `ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.migrations_paths` instead of + `Migrator.migrations_paths`. + + *Tobias Bielohlawek* + +* Support dropping indexes concurrently in PostgreSQL. + + See http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.4/static/sql-dropindex.html for more + details. + + *Grey Baker* + +* Deprecate passing conditions to `ActiveRecord::Relation#delete_all` + and `ActiveRecord::Relation#destroy_all`. + + *Wojciech Wnętrzak* + * PostgreSQL, `create_schema`, `drop_schema` and `rename_table` now quote schema names. @@ -25,7 +47,7 @@ * Uniqueness validator raises descriptive error when running on a persisted record without primary key. - Closes #21304. + Fixes #21304. *Yves Senn* @@ -41,7 +63,7 @@ * Descriptive error message when fixtures contain a missing column. - Closes #21201. + Fixes #21201. *Yves Senn* @@ -65,11 +87,11 @@ sleep 10 # Throttles the delete queries end - Closes #20933. + Fixes #20933. *Sina Siadat* -* Added methods for PostgreSQL geometric data types to use in migrations +* Added methods for PostgreSQL geometric data types to use in migrations. Example: @@ -1095,7 +1117,7 @@ * `eager_load` preserves readonly flag for associations. - Closes #15853. + Fixes #15853. *Takashi Kokubun* @@ -1151,7 +1173,7 @@ * Fix bug with `ActiveRecord::Type::Numeric` that caused negative values to be marked as having changed when set to the same negative value. - Closes #18161. + Fixes #18161. *Daniel Fox* @@ -1166,7 +1188,7 @@ before loading the schema. This is left for the user to do. `db:test:prepare` will still purge the database. - Closes #17945. + Fixes #17945. *Yves Senn* diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb index a30945d0ee..4653904105 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_statements.rb @@ -607,10 +607,7 @@ module ActiveRecord # remove_index :accounts, name: :by_branch_party # def remove_index(table_name, options = {}) - remove_index!(table_name, index_name_for_remove(table_name, options)) - end - - def remove_index!(table_name, index_name) #:nodoc: + index_name = index_name_for_remove(table_name, options) execute "DROP INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)}" end diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb index ff43c7ec42..734b384e80 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ require 'active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter' -gem 'mysql2', '~> 0.3.18' +gem 'mysql2', '>= 0.3.18', '< 0.5' require 'mysql2' module ActiveRecord diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb index 191c828e60..6155e53632 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ module ActiveRecord WHERE t.typname IN (%s) OR t.typtype IN (%s) - OR t.typinput::varchar = 'array_in' + OR t.typinput = 'array_in(cstring,oid,integer)'::regprocedure OR t.typelem != 0 SQL end diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb index a3fc8fbc51..69aa02ccf4 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb @@ -101,15 +101,19 @@ module ActiveRecord # Verifies existence of an index with a given name. def index_name_exists?(table_name, index_name, default) + table = Utils.extract_schema_qualified_name(table_name.to_s) + index = Utils.extract_schema_qualified_name(index_name.to_s) + select_value(<<-SQL, 'SCHEMA').to_i > 0 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pg_class t INNER JOIN pg_index d ON t.oid = d.indrelid INNER JOIN pg_class i ON d.indexrelid = i.oid + LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = i.relnamespace WHERE i.relkind = 'i' - AND i.relname = '#{index_name}' - AND t.relname = '#{table_name}' - AND i.relnamespace IN (SELECT oid FROM pg_namespace WHERE nspname = ANY (current_schemas(false)) ) + AND i.relname = '#{index.identifier}' + AND t.relname = '#{table.identifier}' + AND n.nspname = #{index.schema ? "'#{index.schema}'" : 'ANY (current_schemas(false))'} SQL end @@ -447,8 +451,15 @@ module ActiveRecord execute "CREATE #{index_type} INDEX #{index_algorithm} #{quote_column_name(index_name)} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)} #{index_using} (#{index_columns})#{index_options}" end - def remove_index!(table_name, index_name) #:nodoc: - execute "DROP INDEX #{quote_table_name(index_name)}" + def remove_index(table_name, options = {}) #:nodoc: + index_name = index_name_for_remove(table_name, options) + algorithm = + if Hash === options && options.key?(:algorithm) + index_algorithms.fetch(options[:algorithm]) do + raise ArgumentError.new("Algorithm must be one of the following: #{index_algorithms.keys.map(&:inspect).join(', ')}") + end + end + execute "DROP INDEX #{algorithm} #{quote_table_name(index_name)}" end # Renames an index of a table. Raises error if length of new diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb index 358039723f..24fc67938d 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb @@ -375,7 +375,8 @@ module ActiveRecord pks[0]['name'] end - def remove_index!(table_name, index_name) #:nodoc: + def remove_index(table_name, options = {}) #:nodoc: + index_name = index_name_for_remove(table_name, options) exec_query "DROP INDEX #{quote_column_name(index_name)}" end diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake index 6a72d528b4..63ea305eae 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ db_namespace = namespace :db do end namespace :schema do - desc 'Creates a db/schema.rb file that is portable against any DB supported by AR' + desc 'Creates a db/schema.rb file that is portable against any DB supported by Active Record' task :dump => [:environment, :load_config] do require 'active_record/schema_dumper' filename = ENV['SCHEMA'] || File.join(ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.db_dir, 'schema.rb') diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb index 5360db6a19..f8913eba06 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/reflection.rb @@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ module ActiveRecord end def self.add_reflection(ar, name, reflection) + ar.clear_reflections_cache ar._reflections = ar._reflections.merge(name.to_s => reflection) end @@ -67,18 +68,22 @@ module ActiveRecord # # @api public def reflections - ref = {} - _reflections.each do |name, reflection| - parent_reflection = reflection.parent_reflection + @__reflections ||= begin + ref = {} - if parent_reflection - parent_name = parent_reflection.name - ref[parent_name.to_s] = parent_reflection - else - ref[name] = reflection + _reflections.each do |name, reflection| + parent_reflection = reflection.parent_reflection + + if parent_reflection + parent_name = parent_reflection.name + ref[parent_name.to_s] = parent_reflection + else + ref[name] = reflection + end end + + ref end - ref end # Returns an array of AssociationReflection objects for all the @@ -118,6 +123,10 @@ module ActiveRecord def reflect_on_all_autosave_associations reflections.values.select { |reflection| reflection.options[:autosave] } end + + def clear_reflections_cache #:nodoc: + @__reflections = nil + end end # Holds all the methods that are shared between MacroReflection, AssociationReflection diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb index e47b7b1ed9..bf08cdbbf3 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation.rb @@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ module ActiveRecord end end - # Destroys the records matching +conditions+ by instantiating each + # Destroys the records by instantiating each # record and calling its +destroy+ method. Each object's callbacks are # executed (including <tt>:dependent</tt> association options). Returns the # collection of objects that were destroyed; each will be frozen, to @@ -431,20 +431,15 @@ module ActiveRecord # rows quickly, without concern for their associations or callbacks, use # +delete_all+ instead. # - # ==== Parameters - # - # * +conditions+ - A string, array, or hash that specifies which records - # to destroy. If omitted, all records are destroyed. See the - # Conditions section in the introduction to ActiveRecord::Base for - # more information. - # # ==== Examples # - # Person.destroy_all("last_login < '2004-04-04'") - # Person.destroy_all(status: "inactive") # Person.where(age: 0..18).destroy_all def destroy_all(conditions = nil) if conditions + ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MESSAGE.squish) + Passing conditions to destroy_all is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. + To achieve the same use where(conditions).destroy_all + MESSAGE where(conditions).destroy_all else to_a.each(&:destroy).tap { reset } @@ -478,15 +473,13 @@ module ActiveRecord end end - # Deletes the records matching +conditions+ without instantiating the records + # Deletes the records without instantiating the records # first, and hence not calling the +destroy+ method nor invoking callbacks. This # is a single SQL DELETE statement that goes straight to the database, much more # efficient than +destroy_all+. Be careful with relations though, in particular # <tt>:dependent</tt> rules defined on associations are not honored. Returns the # number of rows affected. # - # Post.delete_all("person_id = 5 AND (category = 'Something' OR category = 'Else')") - # Post.delete_all(["person_id = ? AND (category = ? OR category = ?)", 5, 'Something', 'Else']) # Post.where(person_id: 5).where(category: ['Something', 'Else']).delete_all # # Both calls delete the affected posts all at once with a single DELETE statement. @@ -512,6 +505,10 @@ module ActiveRecord end if conditions + ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MESSAGE.squish) + Passing conditions to delete_all is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 5.1. + To achieve the same use where(conditions).delete_all + MESSAGE where(conditions).delete_all else stmt = Arel::DeleteManager.new diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb index d26db7d4cf..e232516b0c 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder.rb @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ module ActiveRecord end def build_from_hash(attributes) - attributes = convert_dot_notation_to_hash(attributes.stringify_keys) + attributes = convert_dot_notation_to_hash(attributes) expand_from_hash(attributes) end def create_binds(attributes) - attributes = convert_dot_notation_to_hash(attributes.stringify_keys) + attributes = convert_dot_notation_to_hash(attributes) create_binds_for_hash(attributes) end diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_handler.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_handler.rb index 159889d3b8..e81be63cd3 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_handler.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/predicate_builder/association_query_handler.rb @@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ module ActiveRecord table = value.associated_table if value.base_class - queries[table.association_foreign_type] = value.base_class.name + queries[table.association_foreign_type.to_s] = value.base_class.name end - queries[table.association_foreign_key] = value.ids + queries[table.association_foreign_key.to_s] = value.ids predicate_builder.build_from_hash(queries) end diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb index 0430922be3..23eaab4699 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/where_clause_factory.rb @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ module ActiveRecord when Hash attributes = predicate_builder.resolve_column_aliases(opts) attributes = klass.send(:expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates, attributes) + attributes.stringify_keys! attributes, binds = predicate_builder.create_binds(attributes) diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb index a1adf8e3ee..fac566e12b 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/scoping/default.rb @@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ module ActiveRecord included do # Stores the default scope for the class. class_attribute :default_scopes, instance_writer: false, instance_predicate: false + class_attribute :default_scope_override, instance_predicate: false self.default_scopes = [] + self.default_scope_override = nil end module ClassMethods @@ -99,12 +101,18 @@ module ActiveRecord self.default_scopes += [scope] end - def build_default_scope(base_rel = relation) # :nodoc: + def build_default_scope(base_rel = nil) # :nodoc: return if abstract_class? - if !Base.is_a?(method(:default_scope).owner) + + if self.default_scope_override.nil? + self.default_scope_override = !Base.is_a?(method(:default_scope).owner) + end + + if self.default_scope_override # The user has defined their own default scope method, so call that evaluate_default_scope { default_scope } elsif default_scopes.any? + base_rel ||= relation evaluate_default_scope do default_scopes.inject(base_rel) do |default_scope, scope| default_scope.merge(base_rel.scoping { scope.call }) diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb index 41f1c55c3c..f9bb1cf5e0 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/table_metadata.rb @@ -10,13 +10,15 @@ module ActiveRecord end def resolve_column_aliases(hash) - hash = hash.dup - hash.keys.grep(Symbol) do |key| - if klass.attribute_alias? key - hash[klass.attribute_alias(key)] = hash.delete key + # This method is a hot spot, so for now, use Hash[] to dup the hash. + # https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/7166 + new_hash = Hash[hash] + hash.each do |key, _| + if (key.is_a?(Symbol)) && klass.attribute_alias?(key) + new_hash[klass.attribute_alias(key)] = new_hash.delete(key) end end - hash + new_hash end def arel_attribute(column_name) diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb index 683741768b..0b5dc6ed33 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/tasks/database_tasks.rb @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ module ActiveRecord version = ENV["VERSION"] ? ENV["VERSION"].to_i : nil scope = ENV['SCOPE'] verbose_was, Migration.verbose = Migration.verbose, verbose - Migrator.migrate(Migrator.migrations_paths, version) do |migration| + Migrator.migrate(migrations_paths, version) do |migration| scope.blank? || scope == migration.scope end ensure diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/active_schema_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/active_schema_test.rb index dc7ba314c6..24def31e36 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/active_schema_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/active_schema_test.rb @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class PostgresqlActiveSchemaTest < ActiveRecord::PostgreSQLTestCase def test_add_index # add_index calls index_name_exists? which can't work since execute is stubbed - ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.stubs(:index_name_exists?).returns(false) + ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.send(:define_method, :index_name_exists?) { |*| false } expected = %(CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "index_people_on_last_name" ON "people" ("last_name") WHERE state = 'active') assert_equal expected, add_index(:people, :last_name, :unique => true, :where => "state = 'active'") @@ -49,6 +49,22 @@ class PostgresqlActiveSchemaTest < ActiveRecord::PostgreSQLTestCase expected = %(CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "index_people_on_last_name" ON "people" USING gist ("last_name") WHERE state = 'active') assert_equal expected, add_index(:people, :last_name, :unique => true, :where => "state = 'active'", :using => :gist) + + ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.send :remove_method, :index_name_exists? + end + + def test_remove_index + # remove_index calls index_name_exists? which can't work since execute is stubbed + ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.send(:define_method, :index_name_exists?) { |*| true } + + expected = %(DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY "index_people_on_last_name") + assert_equal expected, remove_index(:people, name: "index_people_on_last_name", algorithm: :concurrently) + + assert_raise ArgumentError do + add_index(:people, :last_name, algorithm: :copy) + end + + ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.send :remove_method, :index_name_exists? end private diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/schema_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/schema_test.rb index ea7e5ac587..bee612d8d3 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/schema_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/adapters/postgresql/schema_test.rb @@ -321,11 +321,11 @@ class SchemaTest < ActiveRecord::PostgreSQLTestCase def test_with_uppercase_index_name @connection.execute "CREATE INDEX \"things_Index\" ON #{SCHEMA_NAME}.things (name)" - assert_nothing_raised { @connection.remove_index! "things", "#{SCHEMA_NAME}.things_Index"} + assert_nothing_raised { @connection.remove_index "things", name: "#{SCHEMA_NAME}.things_Index"} @connection.execute "CREATE INDEX \"things_Index\" ON #{SCHEMA_NAME}.things (name)" with_schema_search_path SCHEMA_NAME do - assert_nothing_raised { @connection.remove_index! "things", "things_Index"} + assert_nothing_raised { @connection.remove_index "things", name: "things_Index"} end end diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/persistence_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/persistence_test.rb index cdf63957f4..7f14082a9a 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/persistence_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/persistence_test.rb @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class PersistenceTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase assert ! topics_by_mary.empty? assert_difference('Topic.count', -topics_by_mary.size) do - destroyed = Topic.destroy_all(conditions).sort_by(&:id) + destroyed = Topic.where(conditions).destroy_all.sort_by(&:id) assert_equal topics_by_mary, destroyed assert destroyed.all?(&:frozen?), "destroyed topics should be frozen" end diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb index 5f48c2b40f..8256762f96 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/relations_test.rb @@ -931,6 +931,12 @@ class RelationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase assert davids.loaded? end + def test_destroy_all_with_conditions_is_deprecated + assert_deprecated do + assert_difference('Author.count', -1) { Author.destroy_all(name: 'David') } + end + end + def test_delete_all davids = Author.where(:name => 'David') @@ -938,6 +944,12 @@ class RelationTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase assert ! davids.loaded? end + def test_delete_all_with_conditions_is_deprecated + assert_deprecated do + assert_difference('Author.count', -1) { Author.delete_all(name: 'David') } + end + end + def test_delete_all_loaded davids = Author.where(:name => 'David') diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/tasks/database_tasks_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/tasks/database_tasks_test.rb index 38164b2228..c8f4179313 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/tasks/database_tasks_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/tasks/database_tasks_test.rb @@ -277,12 +277,14 @@ module ActiveRecord def test_migrate_receives_correct_env_vars verbose, version = ENV['VERBOSE'], ENV['VERSION'] + ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.migrations_paths = 'custom/path' ENV['VERBOSE'] = 'false' ENV['VERSION'] = '4' - ActiveRecord::Migrator.expects(:migrate).with(ActiveRecord::Migrator.migrations_paths, 4) + ActiveRecord::Migrator.expects(:migrate).with('custom/path', 4) ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.migrate ensure + ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.migrations_paths = nil ENV['VERBOSE'], ENV['VERSION'] = verbose, version end end diff --git a/activerecord/test/models/face.rb b/activerecord/test/models/face.rb index 91e46f83e5..af76fea52c 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/models/face.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/models/face.rb @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ class Face < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :man, :inverse_of => :face belongs_to :polymorphic_man, :polymorphic => true, :inverse_of => :polymorphic_face - # Oracle identifier lengh is limited to 30 bytes or less, `polymorphic` renamed `poly` + # Oracle identifier length is limited to 30 bytes or less, `polymorphic` renamed `poly` belongs_to :poly_man_without_inverse, :polymorphic => true # These is a "broken" inverse_of for the purposes of testing belongs_to :horrible_man, :class_name => 'Man', :inverse_of => :horrible_face diff --git a/activerecord/test/models/topic.rb b/activerecord/test/models/topic.rb index d17270021a..176bc79dc7 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/models/topic.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/models/topic.rb @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class Topic < ActiveRecord::Base end def destroy_children - self.class.delete_all "parent_id = #{id}" + self.class.where("parent_id = #{id}").delete_all end def set_email_address diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb index 96156deebb..f13d09f3ad 100644 --- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb +++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/time/calculations.rb @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ require 'active_support/core_ext/time/conversions' require 'active_support/time_with_zone' require 'active_support/core_ext/time/zones' require 'active_support/core_ext/date_and_time/calculations' +require 'active_support/core_ext/date/calculations' class Time include DateAndTime::Calculations diff --git a/activesupport/test/constantize_test_cases.rb b/activesupport/test/constantize_test_cases.rb index 366e4e5ef0..1115bc0fd8 100644 --- a/activesupport/test/constantize_test_cases.rb +++ b/activesupport/test/constantize_test_cases.rb @@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ module ConstantizeTestCases assert_nil yield("Ace::Gas::ConstantizeTestCases") assert_nil yield("#<Class:0x7b8b718b>::Nested_1") assert_nil yield("Ace::gas") + assert_nil yield('Object::ABC') + assert_nil yield('Object::Object::Object::ABC') + assert_nil yield('A::Object::B') + assert_nil yield('A::Object::Object::Object::B') assert_raises(NameError) do with_autoloading_fixtures do diff --git a/guides/source/configuring.md b/guides/source/configuring.md index d63317433d..8672525e2b 100644 --- a/guides/source/configuring.md +++ b/guides/source/configuring.md @@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ NOTE. If you are running in a multi-threaded environment, there could be a chanc Custom configuration -------------------- -You can configure your own code through the Rails configuration object with custom configuration. It works like this: +You can configure your own code through the Rails configuration object with custom configuration under the `config.x` property. It works like this: ```ruby config.x.payment_processing.schedule = :daily diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb index b430cf1909..2645102619 100644 --- a/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb +++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators.rb @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ module Rails options = sorted_groups.flat_map(&:last) suggestions = options.sort_by {|suggested| levenshtein_distance(namespace.to_s, suggested) }.first(3) msg = "Could not find generator '#{namespace}'. " - msg << "Maybe you meant #{ suggestions.map {|s| "'#{s}'"}.to_sentence(last_word_connector: " or ") }\n" + msg << "Maybe you meant #{ suggestions.map {|s| "'#{s}'"}.to_sentence(last_word_connector: " or ", locale: :en) }\n" msg << "Run `rails generate --help` for more options." puts msg end |