diff options
96 files changed, 587 insertions, 91 deletions
diff --git a/actionmailer/actionmailer.gemspec b/actionmailer/actionmailer.gemspec index 90503edc20..0c669e2e91 100644 --- a/actionmailer/actionmailer.gemspec +++ b/actionmailer/actionmailer.gemspec @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.summary = 'Email composition, delivery, and receiving framework (part of Rails).' s.description = 'Email on Rails. Compose, deliver, receive, and test emails using the familiar controller/view pattern. First-class support for multipart email and attachments.' s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' diff --git a/actionpack/actionpack.gemspec b/actionpack/actionpack.gemspec index 589a67dc02..ae26d6f9e5 100644 --- a/actionpack/actionpack.gemspec +++ b/actionpack/actionpack.gemspec @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.summary = 'Web-flow and rendering framework putting the VC in MVC (part of Rails).' s.description = 'Web apps on Rails. Simple, battle-tested conventions for building and testing MVC web applications. Works with any Rack-compatible server.' s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb index 97a9eec144..9c3960961b 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb @@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ module AbstractController # to specify particular actions as hidden. # # ==== Returns - # * <tt>array</tt> - An array of method names that should not be considered actions. + # * <tt>Array</tt> - An array of method names that should not be considered actions. def hidden_actions [] end @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ module AbstractController # itself. Finally, #hidden_actions are removed. # # ==== Returns - # * <tt>set</tt> - A set of all methods that should be considered actions. + # * <tt>Set</tt> - A set of all methods that should be considered actions. def action_methods @action_methods ||= begin # All public instance methods of this class, including ancestors @@ -92,11 +92,12 @@ module AbstractController # controller_path. # # ==== Returns - # * <tt>string</tt> + # * <tt>String</tt> def controller_path @controller_path ||= name.sub(/Controller$/, '').underscore unless anonymous? end + # Refresh the cached action_methods when a new action_method is added. def method_added(name) super clear_action_methods! @@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ module AbstractController self.class.controller_path end + # Delegates to the class' #action_methods def action_methods self.class.action_methods end @@ -139,8 +141,14 @@ module AbstractController # # Notice that <tt>action_methods.include?("foo")</tt> may return # false and <tt>available_action?("foo")</tt> returns true because - # available action consider actions that are also available + # this method considers actions that are also available # through other means, for example, implicit render ones. + # + # ==== Parameters + # * <tt>action_name</tt> - The name of an action to be tested + # + # ==== Returns + # * <tt>TrueClass</tt>, <tt>FalseClass</tt> def available_action?(action_name) method_for_action(action_name).present? end diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb index ad8885b708..ac150882b1 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb @@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ module ActionView # Example: # # <%= form_for(@post) do |f| %> - # <% f.fields_for(:comments, :include_id => false) do |cf| %> + # <%= f.fields_for(:comments, :include_id => false) do |cf| %> # ... # <% end %> # <% end %> diff --git a/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec b/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec index f2d004fb0a..66f324a1a1 100644 --- a/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec +++ b/activemodel/activemodel.gemspec @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.description = 'A toolkit for building modeling frameworks like Active Record. Rich support for attributes, callbacks, validations, observers, serialization, internationalization, and testing.' s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' diff --git a/activerecord/activerecord.gemspec b/activerecord/activerecord.gemspec index e8e5f4adfe..dca7f13fd2 100644 --- a/activerecord/activerecord.gemspec +++ b/activerecord/activerecord.gemspec @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.description = 'Databases on Rails. Build a persistent domain model by mapping database tables to Ruby classes. Strong conventions for associations, validations, aggregations, migrations, and testing come baked-in.' s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb index f0b549e5ad..3ae7030caa 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ module ActiveRecord # Active Record implements aggregation through a macro-like class method called +composed_of+ # for representing attributes as value objects. It expresses relationships like "Account [is] # composed of Money [among other things]" or "Person [is] composed of [an] address". Each call - # to the macro adds a description of how the value objects are created from the attributes of - # the entity object (when the entity is initialized either as a new object or from finding an - # existing object) and how it can be turned back into attributes (when the entity is saved to + # to the macro adds a description of how the value objects are created from the attributes of + # the entity object (when the entity is initialized either as a new object or from finding an + # existing object) and how it can be turned back into attributes (when the entity is saved to # the database). # # class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb index fa316a8c9d..100fb38dec 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/collection_proxy.rb @@ -37,9 +37,107 @@ module ActiveRecord delegate :target, :load_target, :loaded?, :to => :@association ## + # :method: select + # + # :call-seq: + # select(select = nil) + # select(&block) + # + # Works in two ways. + # + # *First:* Specify a subset of fields to be selected from the result set. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.select(:name) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: nil, name: "Fancy-Fancy">, + # # #<Pet id: nil, name: "Spook">, + # # #<Pet id: nil, name: "Choo-Choo"> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.select([:id, :name]) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy">, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook">, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo"> + # # ] + # + # Be careful because this also means you’re initializing a model + # object with only the fields that you’ve selected. If you attempt + # to access a field that is not in the initialized record you’ll + # receive: + # + # person.pets.select(:name).first.person_id + # # => ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError: missing attribute: person_id + # + # *Second:* You can pass a block so it can be used just like Array#select. + # This build an array of objects from the database for the scope, + # converting them into an array and iterating through them using + # Array#select. + # + # person.pets.select { |pet| pet.name =~ /oo/ } + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.select(:name) { |pet| pet.name =~ /oo/ } + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook">, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo"> + # # ] + + ## + # :method: find + # + # :call-seq: + # find(*args, &block) + # + # Finds an object in the collection responding to the +id+. Uses the same + # rules as +ActiveRecord::Base.find+. Returns +ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound++ + # error if the object can not be found. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.find(1) # => #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1> + # person.pets.find(4) # => ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find Pet with id=4 + # + # person.pets.find(2) { |pet| pet.name.downcase! } + # # => #<Pet id: 2, name: "fancy-fancy", person_id: 1> + # + # person.pets.find(2, 3) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + + ## # :method: first + # + # :call-seq: + # first(limit = nil) + # # Returns the first record, or the first +n+ records, from the collection. - # If the collection is empty, the first form returns nil, and the second + # If the collection is empty, the first form returns +nil+, and the second # form returns an empty array. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base @@ -67,8 +165,12 @@ module ActiveRecord ## # :method: last + # + # :call-seq: + # last(limit = nil) + # # Returns the last record, or the last +n+ records, from the collection. - # If the collection is empty, the first form returns nil, and the second + # If the collection is empty, the first form returns +nil+, and the second # form returns an empty array. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base @@ -95,7 +197,95 @@ module ActiveRecord # another_person_without.pets.last(3) # => [] ## + # :method: build + # + # :call-seq: + # build(attributes = {}, options = {}, &block) + # + # Returns a new object of the collection type that has been instantiated + # with +attributes+ and linked to this object, but have not yet been saved. + # You can pass an array of attributes hashes, this will return an array + # with the new objects. + # + # class Person + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets.build + # # => #<Pet id: nil, name: nil, person_id: 1> + # + # person.pets.build(name: 'Fancy-Fancy') + # # => #<Pet id: nil, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1> + # + # person.pets.build([{name: 'Spook'}, {name: 'Choo-Choo'}, {name: 'Brain'}]) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: nil, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: nil, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: nil, name: "Brain", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.size # => 5 # size of the collection + # person.pets.count # => 0 # count from database + + ## + # :method: create + # + # :call-seq: + # create(attributes = {}, options = {}, &block) + # + # Returns a new object of the collection type that has been instantiated with + # attributes, linked to this object and that has already been saved (if it + # passes the validations). + # + # class Person + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets.create(name: 'Fancy-Fancy') + # # => #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1> + # + # person.pets.create([{name: 'Spook'}, {name: 'Choo-Choo'}]) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets.count # => 3 + # + # person.pets.find(1, 2, 3) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + + ## + # :method: create! + # + # :call-seq: + # create!(attributes = {}, options = {}, &block) + # + # Like +create+, except that if the record is invalid, raises an exception. + # + # class Person + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # class Pet + # attr_accessible :name + # validates :name, presence: true + # end + # + # person.pets.create!(name: nil) + # # => ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Name can't be blank + + ## # :method: concat + # + # :call-seq: + # concat(*records) + # # Add one or more records to the collection by setting their foreign keys # to the association's primary key. Since << flattens its argument list and # inserts each record, +push+ and +concat+ behave identically. Returns +self+ @@ -123,6 +313,10 @@ module ActiveRecord ## # :method: replace + # + # :call-seq: + # replace(other_array) + # # Replace this collection with +other_array+. This will perform a diff # and delete/add only records that have changed. # @@ -147,23 +341,249 @@ module ActiveRecord # # => ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch: Pet expected, got String ## + # :method: delete_all + # + # Deletes all the records from the collection. For +has_many+ asssociations, + # the deletion is done according to the strategy specified by the <tt>:dependent</tt> + # option. Returns an array with the deleted records. + # + # If no <tt>:dependent</tt> option is given, then it will follow the + # default strategy. The default strategy is <tt>:nullify</tt>. This + # sets the foreign keys to <tt>NULL</tt>. For, +has_many+ <tt>:through</tt>, + # the default strategy is +delete_all+. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets # dependent: :nullify option by default + # end + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.delete_all + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.size # => 0 + # person.pets # => [] + # + # Pet.find(1, 2, 3) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: nil>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: nil>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: nil> + # # ] + # + # If it is set to <tt>:destroy</tt> all the objects from the collection + # are removed by calling their +destroy+ method. See +destroy+ for more + # information. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets, dependent: :destroy + # end + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.delete_all + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # Pet.find(1, 2, 3) + # # => ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound + # + # If it is set to <tt>:delete_all</tt>, all the objects are deleted + # *without* calling their +destroy+ method. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets, dependent: :delete_all + # end + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.delete_all + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # Pet.find(1, 2, 3) + # # => ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound + + ## # :method: destroy_all - # Destroy all the records from this association. + # + # Deletes the records of the collection directly from the database. + # This will _always_ remove the records ignoring the +:dependent+ + # option. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :pets # end # # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] # # person.pets.destroy_all # # person.pets.size # => 0 # person.pets # => [] + # + # Pet.find(1) # => Couldn't find Pet with id=1 + + ## + # :method: destroy + # + # :call-seq: + # destroy(*records) + # + # Destroy the +records+ supplied and remove them from the collection. + # This method will _always_ remove record from the database ignoring + # the +:dependent+ option. Returns an array with the removed records. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.destroy(Pet.find(1)) + # # => [#<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>] + # + # person.pets.size # => 2 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.destroy(Pet.find(2), Pet.find(3)) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.size # => 0 + # person.pets # => [] + # + # Pet.find(1, 2, 3) # => ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find all Pets with IDs (1, 2, 3) + # + # You can pass +Fixnum+ or +String+ values, it finds the records + # responding to the +id+ and then deletes them from the database. + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 4, name: "Benny", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 5, name: "Brain", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 6, name: "Boss", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.destroy("4") + # # => #<Pet id: 4, name: "Benny", person_id: 1> + # + # person.pets.size # => 2 + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 5, name: "Brain", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 6, name: "Boss", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.destroy(5, 6) + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 5, name: "Brain", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 6, name: "Boss", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.size # => 0 + # person.pets # => [] + # + # Pet.find(4, 5, 6) # => ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find all Pets with IDs (4, 5, 6) + + ## + # :method: size + # + # Returns the size of the collection. If the collection hasn't been loaded, + # it executes a <tt>SELECT COUNT(*)</tt> query. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # # executes something like SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "pets" WHERE "pets"."person_id" = 1 + # + # person.pets # This will execute a SELECT * FROM query + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] + # + # person.pets.size # => 3 + # # Because the collection is already loaded, this will behave like + # # collection.size and no SQL count query is executed. + + ## + # :method: length + # + # Returns the size of the collection calling +size+ on the target. + # If the collection has been already loaded, +length+ and +size+ are + # equivalent. + # + # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base + # has_many :pets + # end + # + # person.pets.length # => 3 + # # executes something like SELECT "pets".* FROM "pets" WHERE "pets"."person_id" = 1 + # + # # Because the collection is loaded, you can + # # call the collection with no additional queries: + # person.pets + # # => [ + # # #<Pet id: 1, name: "Fancy-Fancy", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 2, name: "Spook", person_id: 1>, + # # #<Pet id: 3, name: "Choo-Choo", person_id: 1> + # # ] ## # :method: empty? - # Returns true if the collection is empty. + # + # Returns +true+ if the collection is empty. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :pets @@ -179,7 +599,12 @@ module ActiveRecord ## # :method: any? - # Returns true if the collection is not empty. + # + # :call-seq: + # any? + # any?{|item| block} + # + # Returns +true+ if the collection is not empty. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :pets @@ -211,8 +636,13 @@ module ActiveRecord ## # :method: many? + # + # :call-seq: + # many? + # many?{|item| block} + # # Returns true if the collection has more than one record. - # Equivalent to +collection.size > 1+. + # Equivalent to <tt>collection.size > 1</tt>. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :pets @@ -248,7 +678,11 @@ module ActiveRecord ## # :method: include? - # Returns true if the given object is present in the collection. + # + # :call-seq: + # include?(record) + # + # Returns +true+ if the given object is present in the collection. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :pets @@ -331,37 +765,32 @@ module ActiveRecord end alias_method :push, :<< - # Removes every object from the collection. This does not destroy - # the objects, it sets their foreign keys to +NULL+. Returns +self+ - # so methods can be chained. + # Equivalent to +delete_all+. The difference is that returns +self+, instead + # of an array with the deleted objects, so methods can be chained. See + # +delete_all+ for more information. + def clear + delete_all + self + end + + # Reloads the collection from the database. Returns +self+. + # Equivalent to <tt>collection(true)</tt>. # # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :pets # end # - # person.pets # => [#<Pet id: 1, name: "Snoop", group: "dogs", person_id: 1>] - # person.pets.clear # => [] - # person.pets.size # => 0 + # person.pets # fetches pets from the database + # # => [#<Pet id: 1, name: "Snoop", group: "dogs", person_id: 1>] # - # Pet.find(1) # => #<Pet id: 1, name: "Snoop", group: "dogs", person_id: nil> + # person.pets # uses the pets cache + # # => [#<Pet id: 1, name: "Snoop", group: "dogs", person_id: 1>] # - # If they are associated with +dependent: :destroy+ option, it deletes - # them directly from the database. + # person.pets.reload # fetches pets from the database + # # => [#<Pet id: 1, name: "Snoop", group: "dogs", person_id: 1>] # - # class Person < ActiveRecord::Base - # has_many :pets, dependent: :destroy - # end - # - # person.pets # => [#<Pet id: 2, name: "Gorby", group: "cats", person_id: 2>] - # person.pets.clear # => [] - # person.pets.size # => 0 - # - # Pet.find(2) # => ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find Pet with id=2 - def clear - delete_all - self - end - + # person.pets(true) # fetches pets from the database + # # => [#<Pet id: 1, name: "Snoop", group: "dogs", person_id: 1>] def reload proxy_association.reload self diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb index fafed94ff2..54705e4950 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/preloader.rb @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module ActiveRecord # and all of its books via a single query: # # SELECT * FROM authors - # LEFT OUTER JOIN books ON authors.id = books.id + # LEFT OUTER JOIN books ON authors.id = books.author_id # WHERE authors.name = 'Ken Akamatsu' # # However, this could result in many rows that contain redundant data. After diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb index c6699737b4..c259e46073 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb @@ -55,12 +55,20 @@ module ActiveRecord # # == Options # - # There are two connection-pooling-related options that you can add to + # There are several connection-pooling-related options that you can add to # your database connection configuration: # # * +pool+: number indicating size of connection pool (default 5) - # * +wait_timeout+: number of seconds to block and wait for a connection + # * +checkout_timeout+: number of seconds to block and wait for a connection # before giving up and raising a timeout error (default 5 seconds). + # * +reaping_frequency+: frequency in seconds to periodically run the + # Reaper, which attempts to find and close dead connections, which can + # occur if a programmer forgets to close a connection at the end of a + # thread or a thread dies unexpectedly. (Default nil, which means don't + # run the Reaper). + # * +dead_connection_timeout+: number of seconds from last checkout + # after which the Reaper will consider a connection reapable. (default + # 5 seconds). class ConnectionPool # Every +frequency+ seconds, the reaper will call +reap+ on +pool+. # A reaper instantiated with a nil frequency will never reap the @@ -89,7 +97,7 @@ module ActiveRecord include MonitorMixin - attr_accessor :automatic_reconnect, :timeout + attr_accessor :automatic_reconnect, :checkout_timeout, :dead_connection_timeout attr_reader :spec, :connections, :size, :reaper class Latch # :nodoc: @@ -121,7 +129,8 @@ module ActiveRecord # The cache of reserved connections mapped to threads @reserved_connections = {} - @timeout = spec.config[:wait_timeout] || 5 + @checkout_timeout = spec.config[:checkout_timeout] || 5 + @dead_connection_timeout = spec.config[:dead_connection_timeout] @reaper = Reaper.new self, spec.config[:reaping_frequency] @reaper.run @@ -241,7 +250,7 @@ module ActiveRecord return checkout_and_verify(conn) if conn end - Timeout.timeout(@timeout, PoolFullError) { @latch.await } + Timeout.timeout(@checkout_timeout, PoolFullError) { @latch.await } end end @@ -279,7 +288,7 @@ module ActiveRecord # or a thread dies unexpectedly. def reap synchronize do - stale = Time.now - @timeout + stale = Time.now - @dead_connection_timeout connections.dup.each do |conn| remove conn if conn.in_use? && stale > conn.last_use && !conn.active? end diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb index 15c3d7be36..d62cf529a4 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ module ActiveRecord # Forward any unused config params to PGconn.connect. [:statement_limit, :encoding, :min_messages, :schema_search_path, - :schema_order, :adapter, :pool, :wait_timeout, :template, + :schema_order, :adapter, :pool, :checkout_timeout, :template, :reaping_frequency, :insert_returning].each do |key| conn_params.delete key end @@ -1274,7 +1274,7 @@ module ActiveRecord end when 'integer' return 'integer' unless limit - + case limit when 1, 2; 'smallint' when 3, 4; 'integer' diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/connection_pool_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/connection_pool_test.rb index 8dc9f761c2..bba7815d73 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/connection_pool_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/connection_pool_test.rb @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module ActiveRecord @pool.checkout @pool.checkout @pool.checkout - @pool.timeout = 0 + @pool.dead_connection_timeout = 0 connections = @pool.connections.dup @@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ module ActiveRecord @pool.checkout @pool.checkout @pool.checkout - @pool.timeout = 0 + @pool.dead_connection_timeout = 0 connections = @pool.connections.dup connections.each do |conn| diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/pooled_connections_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/pooled_connections_test.rb index fba3006ebe..0a6354f5cc 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/pooled_connections_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/pooled_connections_test.rb @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class PooledConnectionsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase end def checkout_connections - ActiveRecord::Model.establish_connection(@connection.merge({:pool => 2, :wait_timeout => 0.3})) + ActiveRecord::Model.establish_connection(@connection.merge({:pool => 2, :checkout_timeout => 0.3})) @connections = [] @timed_out = 0 @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class PooledConnectionsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase # Will deadlock due to lack of Monitor timeouts in 1.9 def checkout_checkin_connections(pool_size, threads) - ActiveRecord::Model.establish_connection(@connection.merge({:pool => pool_size, :wait_timeout => 0.5})) + ActiveRecord::Model.establish_connection(@connection.merge({:pool => pool_size, :checkout_timeout => 0.5})) @connection_count = 0 @timed_out = 0 threads.times do diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/reaper_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/reaper_test.rb index 576ab60090..e53a27d5dd 100644 --- a/activerecord/test/cases/reaper_test.rb +++ b/activerecord/test/cases/reaper_test.rb @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ module ActiveRecord spec.config[:reaping_frequency] = 0.0001 pool = ConnectionPool.new spec - pool.timeout = 0 + pool.dead_connection_timeout = 0 conn = pool.checkout count = pool.connections.length diff --git a/activesupport/activesupport.gemspec b/activesupport/activesupport.gemspec index 2c874e932e..30221f2401 100644 --- a/activesupport/activesupport.gemspec +++ b/activesupport/activesupport.gemspec @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.description = 'A toolkit of support libraries and Ruby core extensions extracted from the Rails framework. Rich support for multibyte strings, internationalization, time zones, and testing.' s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' diff --git a/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png b/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png Binary files differindex 44243edbca..43c963ffa8 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/belongs_to.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/book_icon.gif b/guides/assets/images/book_icon.gif Binary files differindex c81d5db520..efc5e06880 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/book_icon.gif +++ b/guides/assets/images/book_icon.gif diff --git a/guides/assets/images/challenge.png b/guides/assets/images/challenge.png Binary files differindex d163748640..30be3d7028 100644 --- a/guides/assets/images/challenge.png +++ b/guides/assets/images/challenge.png diff --git a/guides/assets/images/chapters_icon.gif b/guides/assets/images/chapters_icon.gif Binary files 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For example, +01_critical.rb+ will be loaded before +02_normal.rb+. +TIP: If you have any ordering dependency in your initializers, you can control the load order through naming. Initializer files are loaded in alphabetical order by their path. For example, +01_critical.rb+ will be loaded before +02_normal.rb+. h3. Initialization events diff --git a/guides/source/credits.html.erb b/guides/source/credits.html.erb index da6bd6acdf..04deec6a11 100644 --- a/guides/source/credits.html.erb +++ b/guides/source/credits.html.erb @@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ Ruby on Rails Guides: Credits Ryan Bigg works as a consultant at <a href="http://rubyx.com">RubyX</a> and has been working with Rails since 2006. He's co-authoring a book called <a href="http://manning.com/katz">Rails 3 in Action</a> and he's written many gems which can be seen on <a href="http://github.com/radar">his GitHub page</a> and he also tweets prolifically as <a href="http://twitter.com/ryanbigg">@ryanbigg</a>. <% end %> +<%= author('Oscar Del Ben', 'oscardelben', 'oscardelben.jpg') do %> +Oscar Del Ben is a software engineer at <a href="http://www.wildfireapp.com/">Wildfire</a>. He's a regular open source contributor (<a href="https://github.com/oscardelben">Github account</a>) and tweets regularly at <a href="https://twitter.com/oscardelben">@oscardelben</a>. + <% end %> + <%= author('Frederick Cheung', 'fcheung') do %> Frederick Cheung is Chief Wizard at Texperts where he has been using Rails since 2006. He is based in Cambridge (UK) and when not consuming fine ales he blogs at <a href="http://www.spacevatican.org">spacevatican.org</a>. <% end %> diff --git a/guides/source/debugging_rails_applications.textile b/guides/source/debugging_rails_applications.textile index 45fa4ada78..0802a2db26 100644 --- a/guides/source/debugging_rails_applications.textile +++ b/guides/source/debugging_rails_applications.textile @@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ There are some Rails plugins to help you to find errors and debug your applicati h3. References -* "ruby-debug Homepage":http://www.datanoise.com/ruby-debug +* "ruby-debug Homepage":http://bashdb.sourceforge.net/ruby-debug/home-page.html * "debugger Homepage":http://github.com/cldwalker/debugger * "Article: Debugging a Rails application with ruby-debug":http://www.sitepoint.com/article/debug-rails-app-ruby-debug/ * "ruby-debug Basics screencast":http://brian.maybeyoureinsane.net/blog/2007/05/07/ruby-debug-basics-screencast/ diff --git a/guides/source/getting_started.textile b/guides/source/getting_started.textile index e25dac22da..c129aeb2e1 100644 --- a/guides/source/getting_started.textile +++ b/guides/source/getting_started.textile @@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ endprologue. WARNING. This Guide is based on Rails 3.2. Some of the code shown here will not work in earlier versions of Rails. -WARNING: The Edge version of this guide is currently being re-worked. Please excuse us while we re-arrange the place. - h3. Guide Assumptions This guide is designed for beginners who want to get started with a Rails diff --git a/guides/source/initialization.textile b/guides/source/initialization.textile index 155a439e64..12b2eb7458 100644 --- a/guides/source/initialization.textile +++ b/guides/source/initialization.textile @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ h2. The Rails Initialization Process -This guide explains the internals of the initialization process in Rails as of Rails 3.1. It is an extremely in-depth guide and recommended for advanced Rails developers. +This guide explains the internals of the initialization process in Rails +as of Rails 4. It is an extremely in-depth guide and recommended for advanced Rails developers. * Using +rails server+ * Using Passenger endprologue. -This guide goes through every single file, class and method call that is required to boot up the Ruby on Rails stack for a default Rails 3.1 application, explaining each part in detail along the way. For this guide, we will be focusing on how the two most common methods (+rails server+ and Passenger) boot a Rails application. +This guide goes through every single file, class and method call that is +required to boot up the Ruby on Rails stack for a default Rails 4 application, explaining each part in detail along the way. For this guide, we will be focusing on how the two most common methods (+rails server+ and Passenger) boot a Rails application. NOTE: Paths in this guide are relative to Rails or a Rails application unless otherwise specified. @@ -22,16 +24,15 @@ The actual +rails+ command is kept in _bin/rails_: <ruby> #!/usr/bin/env ruby -begin - require "rails/cli" -rescue LoadError - railties_path = File.expand_path('../../railties/lib', __FILE__) +if File.exists?(File.join(File.expand_path('../../..', __FILE__), '.git')) + railties_path = File.expand_path('../../lib', __FILE__) $:.unshift(railties_path) - require "rails/cli" end +require "rails/cli" </ruby> -This file will attempt to load +rails/cli+. If it cannot find it then +railties/lib+ is added to the load path (+$:+) before retrying. +This file will first attempt to push the +railties/lib+ directory if +present, and then require +rails/cli+. h4. +railties/lib/rails/cli.rb+ @@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ require 'rails/script_rails_loader' Rails::ScriptRailsLoader.exec_script_rails! require 'rails/ruby_version_check' -Signal.trap("INT") { puts; exit } +Signal.trap("INT") { puts; exit(1) } if ARGV.first == 'plugin' ARGV.shift @@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ else end </ruby> -The +rbconfig+ file from the Ruby standard library provides us with the +RbConfig+ class which contains detailed information about the Ruby environment, including how Ruby was compiled. We can see this in use in +railties/lib/rails/script_rails_loader+. +The +rbconfig+ file from the Ruby standard library provides us with the +RbConfig+ class which contains detailed information about the Ruby environment, including how Ruby was compiled. We can see thisin use in +railties/lib/rails/script_rails_loader+. <ruby> require 'pathname' @@ -120,6 +121,9 @@ exec RUBY, SCRIPT_RAILS, *ARGV if in_rails_application? This is effectively the same as running +ruby script/rails [arguments]+, where +[arguments]+ at this point in time is simply "server". +TIP: If you execute +script/rails+ directly from your Rails app you will +avoid executing the code that we just described. + h4. +script/rails+ This file is as follows: @@ -134,23 +138,23 @@ The +APP_PATH+ constant will be used later in +rails/commands+. The +config/boot h4. +config/boot.rb+ -+config/boot.rb+ contains this: ++config/boot.rb+ contains: <ruby> # Set up gems listed in the Gemfile. -gemfile = File.expand_path('../../Gemfile', __FILE__) -begin - ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile - require 'bundler' - Bundler.setup -rescue Bundler::GemNotFound => e - STDERR.puts e.message - STDERR.puts "Try running `bundle install`." - exit! -end if File.exist?(gemfile) +ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] ||= File.expand_path('../../Gemfile', __FILE__) + +require 'bundler/setup' if File.exists?(ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']) </ruby> -In a standard Rails application, there's a +Gemfile+ which declares all dependencies of the application. +config/boot.rb+ sets +ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"]+ to the location of this file, then requires Bundler and calls +Bundler.setup+ which adds the dependencies of the application (including all the Rails parts) to the load path, making them available for the application to load. The gems that a Rails 3.1 application depends on are as follows: +In a standard Rails application, there's a +Gemfile+ which declares all +dependencies of the application. +config/boot.rb+ sets ++ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE']+ to the location of this file. If the Gemfile +exists, +bundler/setup+ is then required. + +The gems that a Rails 4 application depends on are as follows: + +TODO: change these when the Rails 4 release is near. * abstract (1.0.0) * actionmailer (3.1.0.beta) @@ -183,6 +187,8 @@ h4. +rails/commands.rb+ Once +config/boot.rb+ has finished, the next file that is required is +rails/commands+ which will execute a command based on the arguments passed in. In this case, the +ARGV+ array simply contains +server+ which is extracted into the +command+ variable using these lines: <ruby> +ARGV << '--help' if ARGV.empty? + aliases = { "g" => "generate", "c" => "console", @@ -195,6 +201,9 @@ command = ARGV.shift command = aliases[command] || command </ruby> +TIP: As you can see, an empty ARGV list will make Rails show the help +snippet. + If we used <tt>s</tt> rather than +server+, Rails will use the +aliases+ defined in the file and match them to their respective commands. With the +server+ command, Rails will run this code: <ruby> @@ -361,8 +370,9 @@ This method is defined like this: <ruby> def start + url = "#{options[:SSLEnable] ? 'https' : 'http'}://#{options[:Host]}:#{options[:Port]}" puts "=> Booting #{ActiveSupport::Inflector.demodulize(server)}" - puts "=> Rails #{Rails.version} application starting in #{Rails.env} on http://#{options[:Host]}:#{options[:Port]}" + puts "=> Rails #{Rails.version} application starting in #{Rails.env} on #{url}" puts "=> Call with -d to detach" unless options[:daemonize] trap(:INT) { exit } puts "=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server" unless options[:daemonize] @@ -372,6 +382,15 @@ def start FileUtils.mkdir_p(Rails.root.join('tmp', dir_to_make)) end + unless options[:daemonize] + wrapped_app # touch the app so the logger is set up + + console = ActiveSupport::Logger.new($stdout) + console.formatter = Rails.logger.formatter + + Rails.logger.extend(ActiveSupport::Logger.broadcast(console)) + end + super ensure # The '-h' option calls exit before @options is set. @@ -380,10 +399,18 @@ ensure end </ruby> -This is where the first output of the Rails initialization happens. This method creates a trap for +INT+ signals, so if you +CTRL+C+ the server, it will exit the process. As we can see from the code here, it will create the +tmp/cache+, +tmp/pids+, +tmp/sessions+ and +tmp/sockets+ directories if they don't already exist prior to calling +super+. The +super+ method will call +Rack::Server.start+ which begins its definition like this: +This is where the first output of the Rails initialization happens. This +method creates a trap for +INT+ signals, so if you +CTRL-C+ the server, +it will exit the process. As we can see from the code here, it will +create the +tmp/cache+, +tmp/pids+, +tmp/sessions+ and +tmp/sockets+ +directories. It then calls +wrapped_app+ which is responsible for +creating the Rack app, before creating and assignig an +instance of +ActiveSupport::Logger+. + +The +super+ method will call +Rack::Server.start+ which begins its definition like this: <ruby> -def start +def start &blk if options[:warn] $-w = true end @@ -403,22 +430,37 @@ def start pp wrapped_app pp app end -end -</ruby> -In a Rails application, these options are not set at all and therefore aren't used at all. The first line of code that's executed in this method is a call to this method: + check_pid! if options[:pid] -<ruby> -wrapped_app + # Touch the wrapped app, so that the config.ru is loaded before + # daemonization (i.e. before chdir, etc). + wrapped_app + + daemonize_app if options[:daemonize] + + write_pid if options[:pid] + + trap(:INT) do + if server.respond_to?(:shutdown) + server.shutdown + else + exit + end + end + + server.run wrapped_app, options, &blk +end </ruby> -This method calls another method: +The interesting part for a Rails app is the last line, +server.run+. Here we encounter the +wrapped_app+ method again, which this time +we're going to explore more. <ruby> @wrapped_app ||= build_app app </ruby> -Then the +app+ method here is defined like so: +The +app+ method here is defined like so: <ruby> def app @@ -440,7 +482,7 @@ The +options[:config]+ value defaults to +config.ru+ which contains this: # This file is used by Rack-based servers to start the application. require ::File.expand_path('../config/environment', __FILE__) -run YourApp::Application +run <%= app_const %> </ruby> diff --git a/rails.gemspec b/rails.gemspec index 8314036ad1..52f92f46c6 100644 --- a/rails.gemspec +++ b/rails.gemspec @@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' s.required_rubygems_version = ">= 1.8.11" + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb b/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb index 92f40b9e31..c41acc7841 100644 --- a/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb +++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/actions.rb @@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ module Rails module Generators module Actions - # Adds an entry into Gemfile for the supplied gem. If env - # is specified, add the gem to the given environment. + # Adds an entry into Gemfile for the supplied gem. # # gem "rspec", :group => :test # gem "technoweenie-restful-authentication", :lib => "restful-authentication", :source => "http://gems.github.com/" diff --git a/railties/railties.gemspec b/railties/railties.gemspec index 7067253279..2a39826c8d 100644 --- a/railties/railties.gemspec +++ b/railties/railties.gemspec @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.summary = 'Tools for creating, working with, and running Rails applications.' s.description = 'Rails internals: application bootup, plugins, generators, and rake tasks.' s.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.9.3' + s.license = 'MIT' s.author = 'David Heinemeier Hansson' s.email = 'david@loudthinking.com' |
