diff options
41 files changed, 484 insertions, 1210 deletions
diff --git a/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/base.rb b/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/base.rb index c9f10b359b..31005c9d9b 100644 --- a/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/base.rb +++ b/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/base.rb @@ -20,8 +20,6 @@ module ActionMailer # used to generate an email message. In these methods, you can setup variables to be used in # the mailer views, options on the mail itself such as the <tt>:from</tt> address, and attachments. # - # Examples: - # # class Notifier < ActionMailer::Base # default from: 'no-reply@example.com', # return_path: 'system@example.com' diff --git a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb index d3929b685c..d4e73bf257 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/abstract_controller/helpers.rb @@ -58,11 +58,10 @@ module AbstractController # The +helper+ class method can take a series of helper module names, a block, or both. # - # ==== Parameters + # ==== Options # * <tt>*args</tt> - Module, Symbol, String, :all # * <tt>block</tt> - A block defining helper methods # - # ==== Examples # When the argument is a module it will be included directly in the template class. # helper FooHelper # => includes FooHelper # diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb index 177da1c8a0..2892e093af 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/caching.rb @@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ module ActionController # \Caching is a cheap way of speeding up slow applications by keeping the result of # calculations, renderings, and database calls around for subsequent requests. # - # You can read more about each approach and the by clicking the - # modules below. + # You can read more about each approach by clicking the modules below. # # Note: To turn off all caching, set # config.action_controller.perform_caching = false. diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb index 4eb582648e..0b3c438ec2 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb @@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc: # supports fibers (fibers are supported since version 1.9.2 of the main # Ruby implementation). # - # == Examples - # # Streaming can be added to a given template easily, all you need to do is # to pass the :stream option. # diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb index 7b18c57420..f24e9b8e18 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ module ActionDispatch super end - def []=(k, v) #:nodoc: + def []=(k, v) @discard.delete k @flashes[k] = v end diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb index 98c87d9b2d..5a835ae439 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/railtie.rb @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ require "action_dispatch" module ActionDispatch - class Railtie < Rails::Railtie + class Railtie < Rails::Railtie # :nodoc: config.action_dispatch = ActiveSupport::OrderedOptions.new config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header = nil config.action_dispatch.ip_spoofing_check = true diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing.rb index 4417cb841a..d55eb8109a 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing.rb @@ -191,8 +191,6 @@ module ActionDispatch # <tt>:any</tt> which means that the route will respond to any of the HTTP # methods. # - # Examples: - # # match 'post/:id' => 'posts#show', via: :get # match 'post/:id' => 'posts#create_comment', via: :post # @@ -204,8 +202,6 @@ module ActionDispatch # An alternative method of specifying which HTTP method a route should respond to is to use the helper # methods <tt>get</tt>, <tt>post</tt>, <tt>patch</tt>, <tt>put</tt> and <tt>delete</tt>. # - # Examples: - # # get 'post/:id' => 'posts#show' # post 'post/:id' => 'posts#create_comment' # diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb index a3a8a1b509..55e4561e8e 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb @@ -624,8 +624,6 @@ module ActionDispatch # # Takes same options as <tt>Base#match</tt> and <tt>Resources#resources</tt>. # - # === Examples - # # # route /posts (without the prefix /admin) to <tt>Admin::PostsController</tt> # scope module: "admin" do # resources :posts @@ -706,8 +704,6 @@ module ActionDispatch # For options, see <tt>Base#match</tt>. For +:shallow_path+ option, see # <tt>Resources#resources</tt>. # - # === Examples - # # # accessible through /sekret/posts rather than /admin/posts # namespace :admin, path: "sekret" do # resources :posts diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb index 497ac3d545..6d3f8da932 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/polymorphic_routes.rb @@ -74,8 +74,6 @@ module ActionDispatch # * <tt>:routing_type</tt> - Allowed values are <tt>:path</tt> or <tt>:url</tt>. # Default is <tt>:url</tt>. # - # ==== Examples - # # # an Article record # polymorphic_url(record) # same as article_url(record) # diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/selector.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/selector.rb index 2207a43afc..e481f3b245 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/selector.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/selector.rb @@ -155,8 +155,6 @@ module ActionDispatch # If the method is called with a block, once all equality tests are # evaluated the block is called with an array of all matched elements. # - # ==== Examples - # # # At least one form element # assert_select "form" # diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb index 29a5ccedc1..cf2a117966 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb @@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ module ActionView # You can modify the HTML attributes of the script tag by passing a hash as the # last argument. # + # When the Asset Pipeline is enabled, you can pass the name of your manifest as + # source, and include other JavaScript or CoffeeScript files inside the manifest. + # # javascript_include_tag "xmlhr" # # => <script src="/assets/xmlhr.js?1284139606"></script> # @@ -106,19 +109,18 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:type</tt> - Override the auto-generated mime type # * <tt>:title</tt> - Specify the title of the link, defaults to the +type+ # - # ==== Examples - # auto_discovery_link_tag - # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/action" /> - # auto_discovery_link_tag(:atom) - # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="ATOM" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/action" /> - # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {action: "feed"}) - # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/feed" /> - # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {action: "feed"}, {title: "My RSS"}) - # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="My RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/feed" /> - # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {controller: "news", action: "feed"}) - # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/news/feed" /> - # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, "http://www.example.com/feed.rss", {title: "Example RSS"}) - # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Example RSS" href="http://www.example.com/feed" /> + # auto_discovery_link_tag + # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/action" /> + # auto_discovery_link_tag(:atom) + # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="ATOM" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/action" /> + # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {action: "feed"}) + # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/feed" /> + # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {action: "feed"}, {title: "My RSS"}) + # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="My RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/controller/feed" /> + # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, {controller: "news", action: "feed"}) + # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS" href="http://www.currenthost.com/news/feed" /> + # auto_discovery_link_tag(:rss, "http://www.example.com/feed.rss", {title: "Example RSS"}) + # # => <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Example RSS" href="http://www.example.com/feed" /> def auto_discovery_link_tag(type = :rss, url_options = {}, tag_options = {}) if !(type == :rss || type == :atom) && tag_options[:type].blank? message = "You have passed type other than :rss or :atom to auto_discovery_link_tag and haven't supplied " + @@ -137,27 +139,24 @@ module ActionView ) end - # <%= favicon_link_tag %> - # - # generates - # - # <link href="/assets/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> - # - # You may specify a different file in the first argument: + # Returns a link loading a favicon file. You may specify a different file + # in the first argument. The helper accepts an additional options hash where + # you can override "rel" and "type". # - # <%= favicon_link_tag '/myicon.ico' %> - # - # That's passed to +path_to_image+ as is, so it gives - # - # <link href="/myicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> + # ==== Options + # * <tt>:rel</tt> - Specify the relation of this link, defaults to 'shortcut icon' + # * <tt>:type</tt> - Override the auto-generated mime type, defaults to 'image/vnd.microsoft.icon' # - # The helper accepts an additional options hash where you can override "rel" and "type". + # favicon_link_tag '/myicon.ico' + # # => <link href="/assets/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> # - # For example, Mobile Safari looks for a different LINK tag, pointing to an image that + # Mobile Safari looks for a different <link> tag, pointing to an image that # will be used if you add the page to the home screen of an iPod Touch, iPhone, or iPad. # The following call would generate such a tag: # - # <%= favicon_link_tag 'mb-icon.png', rel: 'apple-touch-icon', type: 'image/png' %> + # favicon_link_tag '/mb-icon.png', rel: 'apple-touch-icon', type: 'image/png' + # # => <link href="/assets/mb-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" type="image/png" /> + # def favicon_link_tag(source='favicon.ico', options={}) tag('link', { :rel => 'shortcut icon', @@ -166,7 +165,7 @@ module ActionView }.merge(options.symbolize_keys)) end - # Returns an html image tag for the +source+. The +source+ can be a full + # Returns an HTML image tag for the +source+. The +source+ can be a full # path or a file. # # ==== Options @@ -179,18 +178,18 @@ module ActionView # width="30" and height="45", and "50" becomes width="50" and height="50". # <tt>:size</tt> will be ignored if the value is not in the correct format. # - # image_tag("icon") - # # => <img alt="Icon" src="/assets/icon" /> - # image_tag("icon.png") - # # => <img alt="Icon" src="/assets/icon.png" /> - # image_tag("icon.png", size: "16x10", alt: "Edit Entry") - # # => <img src="/assets/icon.png" width="16" height="10" alt="Edit Entry" /> - # image_tag("/icons/icon.gif", size: "16") - # # => <img src="/icons/icon.gif" width="16" height="16" alt="Icon" /> - # image_tag("/icons/icon.gif", height: '32', width: '32') - # # => <img alt="Icon" height="32" src="/icons/icon.gif" width="32" /> - # image_tag("/icons/icon.gif", class: "menu_icon") - # # => <img alt="Icon" class="menu_icon" src="/icons/icon.gif" /> + # image_tag("icon") + # # => <img alt="Icon" src="/assets/icon" /> + # image_tag("icon.png") + # # => <img alt="Icon" src="/assets/icon.png" /> + # image_tag("icon.png", size: "16x10", alt: "Edit Entry") + # # => <img src="/assets/icon.png" width="16" height="10" alt="Edit Entry" /> + # image_tag("/icons/icon.gif", size: "16") + # # => <img src="/icons/icon.gif" width="16" height="16" alt="Icon" /> + # image_tag("/icons/icon.gif", height: '32', width: '32') + # # => <img alt="Icon" height="32" src="/icons/icon.gif" width="32" /> + # image_tag("/icons/icon.gif", class: "menu_icon") + # # => <img alt="Icon" class="menu_icon" src="/icons/icon.gif" /> def image_tag(source, options={}) options = options.symbolize_keys @@ -208,6 +207,9 @@ module ActionView tag("img", options) end + # Returns a string suitable for an html image tag alt attribute. + # +src+ is meant to be an image file path. + # It removes the basename of the file path and the digest, if any. def image_alt(src) File.basename(src, '.*').sub(/-[[:xdigit:]]{32}\z/, '').capitalize end @@ -228,24 +230,24 @@ module ActionView # width="30" and height="45". <tt>:size</tt> will be ignored if the # value is not in the correct format. # - # video_tag("trailer") - # # => <video src="/videos/trailer" /> - # video_tag("trailer.ogg") - # # => <video src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /> - # video_tag("trailer.ogg", controls: true, autobuffer: true) - # # => <video autobuffer="autobuffer" controls="controls" src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /> - # video_tag("trailer.m4v", size: "16x10", poster: "screenshot.png") - # # => <video src="/videos/trailer.m4v" width="16" height="10" poster="/assets/screenshot.png" /> - # video_tag("/trailers/hd.avi", size: "16x16") - # # => <video src="/trailers/hd.avi" width="16" height="16" /> - # video_tag("/trailers/hd.avi", height: '32', width: '32') - # # => <video height="32" src="/trailers/hd.avi" width="32" /> - # video_tag("trailer.ogg", "trailer.flv") - # # => <video><source src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /><source src="/videos/trailer.flv" /></video> - # video_tag(["trailer.ogg", "trailer.flv"]) - # # => <video><source src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /><source src="/videos/trailer.flv" /></video> - # video_tag(["trailer.ogg", "trailer.flv"], size: "160x120") - # # => <video height="120" width="160"><source src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /><source src="/videos/trailer.flv" /></video> + # video_tag("trailer") + # # => <video src="/videos/trailer" /> + # video_tag("trailer.ogg") + # # => <video src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /> + # video_tag("trailer.ogg", controls: true, autobuffer: true) + # # => <video autobuffer="autobuffer" controls="controls" src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /> + # video_tag("trailer.m4v", size: "16x10", poster: "screenshot.png") + # # => <video src="/videos/trailer.m4v" width="16" height="10" poster="/assets/screenshot.png" /> + # video_tag("/trailers/hd.avi", size: "16x16") + # # => <video src="/trailers/hd.avi" width="16" height="16" /> + # video_tag("/trailers/hd.avi", height: '32', width: '32') + # # => <video height="32" src="/trailers/hd.avi" width="32" /> + # video_tag("trailer.ogg", "trailer.flv") + # # => <video><source src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /><source src="/videos/trailer.flv" /></video> + # video_tag(["trailer.ogg", "trailer.flv"]) + # # => <video><source src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /><source src="/videos/trailer.flv" /></video> + # video_tag(["trailer.ogg", "trailer.flv"], size: "160x120") + # # => <video height="120" width="160"><source src="/videos/trailer.ogg" /><source src="/videos/trailer.flv" /></video> def video_tag(*sources) multiple_sources_tag('video', sources) do |options| options[:poster] = path_to_image(options[:poster]) if options[:poster] @@ -256,18 +258,18 @@ module ActionView end end - # Returns an html audio tag for the +source+. + # Returns an HTML audio tag for the +source+. # The +source+ can be full path or file that exists in # your public audios directory. # - # audio_tag("sound") # => - # <audio src="/audios/sound" /> - # audio_tag("sound.wav") # => - # <audio src="/audios/sound.wav" /> - # audio_tag("sound.wav", autoplay: true, controls: true) # => - # <audio autoplay="autoplay" controls="controls" src="/audios/sound.wav" /> - # audio_tag("sound.wav", "sound.mid") # => - # <audio><source src="/audios/sound.wav" /><source src="/audios/sound.mid" /></audio> + # audio_tag("sound") + # # => <audio src="/audios/sound" /> + # audio_tag("sound.wav") + # # => <audio src="/audios/sound.wav" /> + # audio_tag("sound.wav", autoplay: true, controls: true) + # # => <audio autoplay="autoplay" controls="controls" src="/audios/sound.wav" /> + # audio_tag("sound.wav", "sound.mid") + # # => <audio><source src="/audios/sound.wav" /><source src="/audios/sound.mid" /></audio> def audio_tag(*sources) multiple_sources_tag('audio', sources) end diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_url_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_url_helper.rb index 0bb5e739bb..0affac41e8 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_url_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_url_helper.rb @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ require 'zlib' module ActionView # = Action View Asset URL Helpers - module Helpers #:nodoc: + module Helpers # This module provides methods for generating asset paths and # urls. # diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/atom_feed_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/atom_feed_helper.rb index f5ac455208..42b1dd8933 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/atom_feed_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/atom_feed_helper.rb @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ require 'set' module ActionView # = Action View Atom Feed Helpers - module Helpers #:nodoc: + module Helpers module AtomFeedHelper # Adds easy defaults to writing Atom feeds with the Builder template engine (this does not work on ERB or any other # template languages). @@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module ActionView end end - class AtomBuilder + class AtomBuilder #:nodoc: XHTML_TAG_NAMES = %w(content rights title subtitle summary).to_set def initialize(xml) @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ module ActionView end end - class AtomFeedBuilder < AtomBuilder + class AtomFeedBuilder < AtomBuilder #:nodoc: def initialize(xml, view, feed_options = {}) @xml, @view, @feed_options = xml, view, feed_options end diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/benchmark_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/benchmark_helper.rb index dfdd5a786d..87fbf8f1a8 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/benchmark_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/benchmark_helper.rb @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ require 'active_support/benchmarkable' module ActionView module Helpers - module BenchmarkHelper + module BenchmarkHelper #:nodoc: include ActiveSupport::Benchmarkable def benchmark(*) diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb index 85e398e559..4ec860d69a 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb @@ -42,14 +42,12 @@ module ActionView end # Calling content_for stores a block of markup in an identifier for later use. - # You can make subsequent calls to the stored content in other templates, helper modules - # or the layout by passing the identifier as an argument to <tt>content_for</tt>. + # In order to access this stored content in other templates, helper modules + # or the layout, you would pass the identifier as an argument to <tt>content_for</tt>. # # Note: <tt>yield</tt> can still be used to retrieve the stored content, but calling # <tt>yield</tt> doesn't work in helper modules, while <tt>content_for</tt> does. # - # ==== Examples - # # <% content_for :not_authorized do %> # alert('You are not authorized to do that!') # <% end %> @@ -74,7 +72,8 @@ module ActionView # # <%= stored_content %> # - # You can use the <tt>yield</tt> syntax alongside an existing call to <tt>yield</tt> in a layout. For example: + # You can also use the <tt>yield</tt> syntax alongside an existing call to + # <tt>yield</tt> in a layout. For example: # # <%# This is the layout %> # <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> @@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ module ActionView # <li><%= link_to 'Home', action: 'index' %></li> # <% end %> # - # <%# Add some other content, or use a different template: %> + # And in other place: # # <% content_for :navigation do %> # <li><%= link_to 'Login', action: 'login' %></li> @@ -145,8 +144,7 @@ module ActionView # # <% content_for :script, javascript_include_tag(:defaults) %> # - # WARNING: content_for is ignored in caches. So you shouldn't use it - # for elements that will be fragment cached. + # WARNING: content_for is ignored in caches. So you shouldn't use it for elements that will be fragment cached. def content_for(name, content = nil, options = {}, &block) if content || block_given? if block_given? @@ -173,13 +171,9 @@ module ActionView result unless content end - # content_for? simply checks whether any content has been captured yet using content_for + # content_for? checks whether any content has been captured yet using `content_for`. # Useful to render parts of your layout differently based on what is in your views. # - # ==== Examples - # - # Perhaps you will use different css in you layout if no content_for :right_column - # # <%# This is the layout %> # <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> # <head> diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb index 6e51ba66a5..1fbf61a5a9 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb @@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ module ActionView # 40-59 secs # => less than a minute # 60-89 secs # => 1 minute # - # ==== Examples # from_time = Time.now # distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, from_time + 50.minutes) # => about 1 hour # distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, 50.minutes.from_now) # => about 1 hour @@ -166,7 +165,6 @@ module ActionView # Returns a set of select tags (one for year, month, and day) pre-selected for accessing a specified date-based # attribute (identified by +method+) on an object assigned to the template (identified by +object+). # - # # ==== Options # * <tt>:use_month_numbers</tt> - Set to true if you want to use month numbers rather than month names (e.g. # "2" instead of "February"). diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb index c79d30ea88..17386a57b8 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb @@ -460,8 +460,6 @@ module ActionView # doesn't create the form tags themselves. This makes fields_for suitable # for specifying additional model objects in the same form. # - # === Generic Examples - # # Although the usage and purpose of +field_for+ is similar to +form_for+'s, # its method signature is slightly different. Like +form_for+, it yields # a FormBuilder object associated with a particular model object to a block, diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb index 9310a90f0f..c0e7ee1f8d 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb @@ -7,13 +7,11 @@ module ActionView # = Action View Form Option Helpers module Helpers # Provides a number of methods for turning different kinds of containers into a set of option tags. - # == Options + # # The <tt>collection_select</tt>, <tt>select</tt> and <tt>time_zone_select</tt> methods take an <tt>options</tt> parameter, a hash: # # * <tt>:include_blank</tt> - set to true or a prompt string if the first option element of the select element is a blank. Useful if there is not a default value required for the select element. # - # For example, - # # select("post", "category", Post::CATEGORIES, {include_blank: true}) # # could become: @@ -24,7 +22,7 @@ module ActionView # <option>poem</option> # </select> # - # Another common case is a select tag for an <tt>belongs_to</tt>-associated object. + # Another common case is a select tag for a <tt>belongs_to</tt>-associated object. # # Example with @post.person_id => 2: # @@ -41,8 +39,6 @@ module ActionView # # * <tt>:prompt</tt> - set to true or a prompt string. When the select element doesn't have a value yet, this prepends an option with a generic prompt -- "Please select" -- or the given prompt string. # - # Example: - # # select("post", "person_id", Person.all.collect {|p| [ p.name, p.id ] }, {prompt: 'Select Person'}) # # could become: @@ -57,8 +53,6 @@ module ActionView # Like the other form helpers, +select+ can accept an <tt>:index</tt> option to manually set the ID used in the resulting output. Unlike other helpers, +select+ expects this # option to be in the +html_options+ parameter. # - # Example: - # # select("album[]", "genre", %w[rap rock country], {}, { index: nil }) # # becomes: @@ -71,8 +65,6 @@ module ActionView # # * <tt>:disabled</tt> - can be a single value or an array of values that will be disabled options in the final output. # - # Example: - # # select("post", "category", Post::CATEGORIES, {disabled: 'restricted'}) # # could become: @@ -86,8 +78,6 @@ module ActionView # # When used with the <tt>collection_select</tt> helper, <tt>:disabled</tt> can also be a Proc that identifies those options that should be disabled. # - # Example: - # # collection_select(:post, :category_id, Category.all, :id, :name, {disabled: lambda{|category| category.archived? }}) # # If the categories "2008 stuff" and "Christmas" return true when the method <tt>archived?</tt> is called, this would return: @@ -152,7 +142,8 @@ module ActionView # form, and parameters extraction gets the last occurrence of any repeated # key in the query string, that works for ordinary forms. # - # In case if you don't want the helper to generate this hidden field you can specify <tt>include_hidden: false</tt> option. + # In case if you don't want the helper to generate this hidden field you can specify + # <tt>include_hidden: false</tt> option. # def select(object, method, choices, options = {}, html_options = {}) Tags::Select.new(object, method, self, choices, options, html_options).render @@ -170,9 +161,11 @@ module ActionView # retrieve the value/text. # # Example object structure for use with this method: + # # class Post < ActiveRecord::Base # belongs_to :author # end + # # class Author < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :posts # def name_with_initial @@ -181,6 +174,7 @@ module ActionView # end # # Sample usage (selecting the associated Author for an instance of Post, <tt>@post</tt>): + # # collection_select(:post, :author_id, Author.all, :id, :name_with_initial, prompt: true) # # If <tt>@post.author_id</tt> is already <tt>1</tt>, this would return: @@ -213,23 +207,28 @@ module ActionView # +collection+, returns a value to be used as the contents of its <tt><option></tt> tag. # # Example object structure for use with this method: + # # class Continent < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :countries # # attribs: id, name # end + # # class Country < ActiveRecord::Base # belongs_to :continent # # attribs: id, name, continent_id # end + # # class City < ActiveRecord::Base # belongs_to :country # # attribs: id, name, country_id # end # # Sample usage: + # # grouped_collection_select(:city, :country_id, @continents, :countries, :name, :id, :name) # # Possible output: + # # <select name="city[country_id]"> # <optgroup label="Africa"> # <option value="1">South Africa</option> @@ -284,57 +283,54 @@ module ActionView # become lasts. If +selected+ is specified, the matching "last" or element will get the selected option-tag. +selected+ # may also be an array of values to be selected when using a multiple select. # - # Examples (call, result): # options_for_select([["Dollar", "$"], ["Kroner", "DKK"]]) - # # <option value="$">Dollar</option> - # # <option value="DKK">Kroner</option> + # # => <option value="$">Dollar</option> + # # => <option value="DKK">Kroner</option> # # options_for_select([ "VISA", "MasterCard" ], "MasterCard") - # # <option>VISA</option> - # # <option selected="selected">MasterCard</option> + # # => <option>VISA</option> + # # => <option selected="selected">MasterCard</option> # # options_for_select({ "Basic" => "$20", "Plus" => "$40" }, "$40") - # # <option value="$20">Basic</option> - # # <option value="$40" selected="selected">Plus</option> + # # => <option value="$20">Basic</option> + # # => <option value="$40" selected="selected">Plus</option> # # options_for_select([ "VISA", "MasterCard", "Discover" ], ["VISA", "Discover"]) - # # <option selected="selected">VISA</option> - # # <option>MasterCard</option> - # # <option selected="selected">Discover</option> + # # => <option selected="selected">VISA</option> + # # => <option>MasterCard</option> + # # => <option selected="selected">Discover</option> # # You can optionally provide html attributes as the last element of the array. # - # Examples: # options_for_select([ "Denmark", ["USA", {class: 'bold'}], "Sweden" ], ["USA", "Sweden"]) - # # <option value="Denmark">Denmark</option> - # # <option value="USA" class="bold" selected="selected">USA</option> - # # <option value="Sweden" selected="selected">Sweden</option> + # # => <option value="Denmark">Denmark</option> + # # => <option value="USA" class="bold" selected="selected">USA</option> + # # => <option value="Sweden" selected="selected">Sweden</option> # # options_for_select([["Dollar", "$", {class: "bold"}], ["Kroner", "DKK", {onclick: "alert('HI');"}]]) - # # <option value="$" class="bold">Dollar</option> - # # <option value="DKK" onclick="alert('HI');">Kroner</option> + # # => <option value="$" class="bold">Dollar</option> + # # => <option value="DKK" onclick="alert('HI');">Kroner</option> # # If you wish to specify disabled option tags, set +selected+ to be a hash, with <tt>:disabled</tt> being either a value # or array of values to be disabled. In this case, you can use <tt>:selected</tt> to specify selected option tags. # - # Examples: # options_for_select(["Free", "Basic", "Advanced", "Super Platinum"], disabled: "Super Platinum") - # # <option value="Free">Free</option> - # # <option value="Basic">Basic</option> - # # <option value="Advanced">Advanced</option> - # # <option value="Super Platinum" disabled="disabled">Super Platinum</option> + # # => <option value="Free">Free</option> + # # => <option value="Basic">Basic</option> + # # => <option value="Advanced">Advanced</option> + # # => <option value="Super Platinum" disabled="disabled">Super Platinum</option> # # options_for_select(["Free", "Basic", "Advanced", "Super Platinum"], disabled: ["Advanced", "Super Platinum"]) - # # <option value="Free">Free</option> - # # <option value="Basic">Basic</option> - # # <option value="Advanced" disabled="disabled">Advanced</option> - # # <option value="Super Platinum" disabled="disabled">Super Platinum</option> + # # => <option value="Free">Free</option> + # # => <option value="Basic">Basic</option> + # # => <option value="Advanced" disabled="disabled">Advanced</option> + # # => <option value="Super Platinum" disabled="disabled">Super Platinum</option> # # options_for_select(["Free", "Basic", "Advanced", "Super Platinum"], selected: "Free", disabled: "Super Platinum") - # # <option value="Free" selected="selected">Free</option> - # # <option value="Basic">Basic</option> - # # <option value="Advanced">Advanced</option> - # # <option value="Super Platinum" disabled="disabled">Super Platinum</option> + # # => <option value="Free" selected="selected">Free</option> + # # => <option value="Basic">Basic</option> + # # => <option value="Advanced">Advanced</option> + # # => <option value="Super Platinum" disabled="disabled">Super Platinum</option> # # NOTE: Only the option tags are returned, you have to wrap this call in a regular HTML select tag. def options_for_select(container, selected = nil) @@ -358,12 +354,12 @@ module ActionView # Returns a string of option tags that have been compiled by iterating over the +collection+ and assigning # the result of a call to the +value_method+ as the option value and the +text_method+ as the option text. - # Example: + # # options_from_collection_for_select(@people, 'id', 'name') - # This will output the same HTML as if you did this: - # <option value="#{person.id}">#{person.name}</option> + # # => <option value="#{person.id}">#{person.name}</option> # # This is more often than not used inside a #select_tag like this example: + # # select_tag 'person', options_from_collection_for_select(@people, 'id', 'name') # # If +selected+ is specified as a value or array of values, the element(s) returning a match on +value_method+ @@ -412,10 +408,12 @@ module ActionView # to be specified. # # Example object structure for use with this method: + # # class Continent < ActiveRecord::Base # has_many :countries # # attribs: id, name # end + # # class Country < ActiveRecord::Base # belongs_to :continent # # attribs: id, name, continent_id @@ -465,7 +463,6 @@ module ActionView # prepends an option with a generic prompt - "Please select" - or the given prompt string. # * <tt>:divider</tt> - the divider for the options groups. # - # Sample usage (Array): # grouped_options = [ # ['North America', # [['United States','US'],'Canada']], @@ -474,7 +471,6 @@ module ActionView # ] # grouped_options_for_select(grouped_options) # - # Sample usage (Hash): # grouped_options = { # 'North America' => [['United States','US'], 'Canada'], # 'Europe' => ['Denmark','Germany','France'] @@ -492,7 +488,6 @@ module ActionView # <option value="France">France</option> # </optgroup> # - # Sample usage (divider): # grouped_options = [ # [['United States','US'], 'Canada'], # ['Denmark','Germany','France'] diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/javascript_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/javascript_helper.rb index 1a99fc7091..cfdd7c77d8 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/javascript_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/javascript_helper.rb @@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ module ActionView # Escapes carriage returns and single and double quotes for JavaScript segments. # - # Also available through the alias j(). This is particularly helpful in JavaScript responses, like: + # Also available through the alias j(). This is particularly helpful in JavaScript + # responses, like: # # $('some_element').replaceWith('<%=j render 'some/element_template' %>'); def escape_javascript(javascript) @@ -43,12 +44,14 @@ module ActionView # </script> # # +html_options+ may be a hash of attributes for the <tt>\<script></tt> - # tag. Example: + # tag. + # # javascript_tag "alert('All is good')", defer: 'defer' # # => <script defer="defer">alert('All is good')</script> # # Instead of passing the content as an argument, you can also use a block # in which case, you pass your +html_options+ as the first parameter. + # # <%= javascript_tag defer: 'defer' do -%> # alert('All is good') # <% end -%> diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb index 82340171af..9e1be65b1a 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb @@ -28,8 +28,6 @@ module ActionView # Formats a +number+ into a US phone number (e.g., (555) # 123-9876). You can customize the format in the +options+ hash. # - # ==== Options - # # * <tt>:area_code</tt> - Adds parentheses around the area code. # * <tt>:delimiter</tt> - Specifies the delimiter to use # (defaults to "-"). @@ -40,21 +38,18 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples - # - # number_to_phone(5551234) # => 555-1234 - # number_to_phone("5551234") # => 555-1234 - # number_to_phone(1235551234) # => 123-555-1234 - # number_to_phone(1235551234, area_code: true) # => (123) 555-1234 - # number_to_phone(1235551234, delimiter: " ") # => 123 555 1234 - # number_to_phone(1235551234, area_code: true, extension: 555) # => (123) 555-1234 x 555 - # number_to_phone(1235551234, country_code: 1) # => +1-123-555-1234 - # number_to_phone("123a456") # => 123a456 - # - # number_to_phone("1234a567", raise: true) # => InvalidNumberError - # - # number_to_phone(1235551234, country_code: 1, extension: 1343, delimiter: ".") - # # => +1.123.555.1234 x 1343 + # number_to_phone(5551234) # => 555-1234 + # number_to_phone("5551234") # => 555-1234 + # number_to_phone(1235551234) # => 123-555-1234 + # number_to_phone(1235551234, area_code: true) # => (123) 555-1234 + # number_to_phone(1235551234, delimiter: " ") # => 123 555 1234 + # number_to_phone(1235551234, area_code: true, extension: 555) # => (123) 555-1234 x 555 + # number_to_phone(1235551234, country_code: 1) # => +1-123-555-1234 + # number_to_phone("123a456") # => 123a456 + # number_to_phone("1234a567", raise: true) # => InvalidNumberError + # + # number_to_phone(1235551234, country_code: 1, extension: 1343, delimiter: ".") + # # => +1.123.555.1234 x 1343 def number_to_phone(number, options = {}) return unless number options = options.symbolize_keys @@ -66,8 +61,6 @@ module ActionView # Formats a +number+ into a currency string (e.g., $13.65). You # can customize the format in the +options+ hash. # - # ==== Options - # # * <tt>:locale</tt> - Sets the locale to be used for formatting # (defaults to current locale). # * <tt>:precision</tt> - Sets the level of precision (defaults @@ -89,22 +82,20 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples - # - # number_to_currency(1234567890.50) # => $1,234,567,890.50 - # number_to_currency(1234567890.506) # => $1,234,567,890.51 - # number_to_currency(1234567890.506, precision: 3) # => $1,234,567,890.506 - # number_to_currency(1234567890.506, locale: :fr) # => 1 234 567 890,51 € - # number_to_currency("123a456") # => $123a456 + # number_to_currency(1234567890.50) # => $1,234,567,890.50 + # number_to_currency(1234567890.506) # => $1,234,567,890.51 + # number_to_currency(1234567890.506, precision: 3) # => $1,234,567,890.506 + # number_to_currency(1234567890.506, locale: :fr) # => 1 234 567 890,51 € + # number_to_currency("123a456") # => $123a456 # - # number_to_currency("123a456", raise: true) # => InvalidNumberError + # number_to_currency("123a456", raise: true) # => InvalidNumberError # - # number_to_currency(-1234567890.50, negative_format: "(%u%n)") - # # => ($1,234,567,890.50) - # number_to_currency(1234567890.50, unit: "£", separator: ",", delimiter: "") - # # => £1234567890,50 - # number_to_currency(1234567890.50, unit: "£", separator: ",", delimiter: "", format: "%n %u") - # # => 1234567890,50 £ + # number_to_currency(-1234567890.50, negative_format: "(%u%n)") + # # => ($1,234,567,890.50) + # number_to_currency(1234567890.50, unit: "£", separator: ",", delimiter: "") + # # => £1234567890,50 + # number_to_currency(1234567890.50, unit: "£", separator: ",", delimiter: "", format: "%n %u") + # # => 1234567890,50 £ def number_to_currency(number, options = {}) return unless number options = escape_unsafe_delimiters_and_separators(options.symbolize_keys) @@ -117,7 +108,6 @@ module ActionView # Formats a +number+ as a percentage string (e.g., 65%). You can # customize the format in the +options+ hash. # - # ==== Options # # * <tt>:locale</tt> - Sets the locale to be used for formatting # (defaults to current locale). @@ -138,18 +128,16 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples + # number_to_percentage(100) # => 100.000% + # number_to_percentage("98") # => 98.000% + # number_to_percentage(100, precision: 0) # => 100% + # number_to_percentage(1000, delimiter: '.', separator: ',') # => 1.000,000% + # number_to_percentage(302.24398923423, precision: 5) # => 302.24399% + # number_to_percentage(1000, locale: :fr) # => 1 000,000% + # number_to_percentage("98a") # => 98a% + # number_to_percentage(100, format: "%n %") # => 100 % # - # number_to_percentage(100) # => 100.000% - # number_to_percentage("98") # => 98.000% - # number_to_percentage(100, precision: 0) # => 100% - # number_to_percentage(1000, delimiter: '.', separator: ',') # => 1.000,000% - # number_to_percentage(302.24398923423, precision: 5) # => 302.24399% - # number_to_percentage(1000, locale: :fr) # => 1 000,000% - # number_to_percentage("98a") # => 98a% - # number_to_percentage(100, format: "%n %") # => 100 % - # - # number_to_percentage("98a", raise: true) # => InvalidNumberError + # number_to_percentage("98a", raise: true) # => InvalidNumberError def number_to_percentage(number, options = {}) return unless number options = escape_unsafe_delimiters_and_separators(options.symbolize_keys) @@ -163,8 +151,6 @@ module ActionView # (e.g., 12,324). You can customize the format in the +options+ # hash. # - # ==== Options - # # * <tt>:locale</tt> - Sets the locale to be used for formatting # (defaults to current locale). # * <tt>:delimiter</tt> - Sets the thousands delimiter (defaults @@ -174,20 +160,18 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples - # - # number_with_delimiter(12345678) # => 12,345,678 - # number_with_delimiter("123456") # => 123,456 - # number_with_delimiter(12345678.05) # => 12,345,678.05 - # number_with_delimiter(12345678, delimiter: ".") # => 12.345.678 - # number_with_delimiter(12345678, delimiter: ",") # => 12,345,678 - # number_with_delimiter(12345678.05, separator: " ") # => 12,345,678 05 - # number_with_delimiter(12345678.05, locale: :fr) # => 12 345 678,05 - # number_with_delimiter("112a") # => 112a - # number_with_delimiter(98765432.98, delimiter: " ", separator: ",") - # # => 98 765 432,98 - # - # number_with_delimiter("112a", raise: true) # => raise InvalidNumberError + # number_with_delimiter(12345678) # => 12,345,678 + # number_with_delimiter("123456") # => 123,456 + # number_with_delimiter(12345678.05) # => 12,345,678.05 + # number_with_delimiter(12345678, delimiter: ".") # => 12.345.678 + # number_with_delimiter(12345678, delimiter: ",") # => 12,345,678 + # number_with_delimiter(12345678.05, separator: " ") # => 12,345,678 05 + # number_with_delimiter(12345678.05, locale: :fr) # => 12 345 678,05 + # number_with_delimiter("112a") # => 112a + # number_with_delimiter(98765432.98, delimiter: " ", separator: ",") + # # => 98 765 432,98 + # + # number_with_delimiter("112a", raise: true) # => raise InvalidNumberError def number_with_delimiter(number, options = {}) options = escape_unsafe_delimiters_and_separators(options.symbolize_keys) @@ -201,8 +185,6 @@ module ActionView # +:significant+ is +false+, and 5 if +:significant+ is +true+). # You can customize the format in the +options+ hash. # - # ==== Options - # # * <tt>:locale</tt> - Sets the locale to be used for formatting # (defaults to current locale). # * <tt>:precision</tt> - Sets the precision of the number @@ -220,23 +202,21 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples - # - # number_with_precision(111.2345) # => 111.235 - # number_with_precision(111.2345, precision: 2) # => 111.23 - # number_with_precision(13, precision: 5) # => 13.00000 - # number_with_precision(389.32314, precision: 0) # => 389 - # number_with_precision(111.2345, significant: true) # => 111 - # number_with_precision(111.2345, precision: 1, significant: true) # => 100 - # number_with_precision(13, precision: 5, significant: true) # => 13.000 - # number_with_precision(111.234, locale: :fr) # => 111,234 - # - # number_with_precision(13, precision: 5, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true) - # # => 13 - # - # number_with_precision(389.32314, precision: 4, significant: true) # => 389.3 - # number_with_precision(1111.2345, precision: 2, separator: ',', delimiter: '.') - # # => 1.111,23 + # number_with_precision(111.2345) # => 111.235 + # number_with_precision(111.2345, precision: 2) # => 111.23 + # number_with_precision(13, precision: 5) # => 13.00000 + # number_with_precision(389.32314, precision: 0) # => 389 + # number_with_precision(111.2345, significant: true) # => 111 + # number_with_precision(111.2345, precision: 1, significant: true) # => 100 + # number_with_precision(13, precision: 5, significant: true) # => 13.000 + # number_with_precision(111.234, locale: :fr) # => 111,234 + # + # number_with_precision(13, precision: 5, significant: true, strip_insignificant_zeros: true) + # # => 13 + # + # number_with_precision(389.32314, precision: 4, significant: true) # => 389.3 + # number_with_precision(1111.2345, precision: 2, separator: ',', delimiter: '.') + # # => 1.111,23 def number_with_precision(number, options = {}) options = escape_unsafe_delimiters_and_separators(options.symbolize_keys) @@ -245,7 +225,6 @@ module ActionView } end - # Formats the bytes in +number+ into a more understandable # representation (e.g., giving it 1500 yields 1.5 KB). This # method is useful for reporting file sizes to users. You can @@ -254,8 +233,6 @@ module ActionView # See <tt>number_to_human</tt> if you want to pretty-print a # generic number. # - # ==== Options - # # * <tt>:locale</tt> - Sets the locale to be used for formatting # (defaults to current locale). # * <tt>:precision</tt> - Sets the precision of the number @@ -275,24 +252,23 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples - # - # number_to_human_size(123) # => 123 Bytes - # number_to_human_size(1234) # => 1.21 KB - # number_to_human_size(12345) # => 12.1 KB - # number_to_human_size(1234567) # => 1.18 MB - # number_to_human_size(1234567890) # => 1.15 GB - # number_to_human_size(1234567890123) # => 1.12 TB - # number_to_human_size(1234567, precision: 2) # => 1.2 MB - # number_to_human_size(483989, precision: 2) # => 470 KB - # number_to_human_size(1234567, precision: 2, separator: ',') # => 1,2 MB + # number_to_human_size(123) # => 123 Bytes + # number_to_human_size(1234) # => 1.21 KB + # number_to_human_size(12345) # => 12.1 KB + # number_to_human_size(1234567) # => 1.18 MB + # number_to_human_size(1234567890) # => 1.15 GB + # number_to_human_size(1234567890123) # => 1.12 TB + # number_to_human_size(1234567, precision: 2) # => 1.2 MB + # number_to_human_size(483989, precision: 2) # => 470 KB + # number_to_human_size(1234567, precision: 2, separator: ',') # => 1,2 MB # # Non-significant zeros after the fractional separator are # stripped out by default (set # <tt>:strip_insignificant_zeros</tt> to +false+ to change # that): - # number_to_human_size(1234567890123, precision: 5) # => "1.1229 TB" - # number_to_human_size(524288000, precision: 5) # => "500 MB" + # + # number_to_human_size(1234567890123, precision: 5) # => "1.1229 TB" + # number_to_human_size(524288000, precision: 5) # => "500 MB" def number_to_human_size(number, options = {}) options = escape_unsafe_delimiters_and_separators(options.symbolize_keys) @@ -348,29 +324,27 @@ module ActionView # * <tt>:raise</tt> - If true, raises +InvalidNumberError+ when # the argument is invalid. # - # ==== Examples - # - # number_to_human(123) # => "123" - # number_to_human(1234) # => "1.23 Thousand" - # number_to_human(12345) # => "12.3 Thousand" - # number_to_human(1234567) # => "1.23 Million" - # number_to_human(1234567890) # => "1.23 Billion" - # number_to_human(1234567890123) # => "1.23 Trillion" - # number_to_human(1234567890123456) # => "1.23 Quadrillion" - # number_to_human(1234567890123456789) # => "1230 Quadrillion" - # number_to_human(489939, precision: 2) # => "490 Thousand" - # number_to_human(489939, precision: 4) # => "489.9 Thousand" - # number_to_human(1234567, precision: 4, - # significant: false) # => "1.2346 Million" - # number_to_human(1234567, precision: 1, + # number_to_human(123) # => "123" + # number_to_human(1234) # => "1.23 Thousand" + # number_to_human(12345) # => "12.3 Thousand" + # number_to_human(1234567) # => "1.23 Million" + # number_to_human(1234567890) # => "1.23 Billion" + # number_to_human(1234567890123) # => "1.23 Trillion" + # number_to_human(1234567890123456) # => "1.23 Quadrillion" + # number_to_human(1234567890123456789) # => "1230 Quadrillion" + # number_to_human(489939, precision: 2) # => "490 Thousand" + # number_to_human(489939, precision: 4) # => "489.9 Thousand" + # number_to_human(1234567, precision: 4, + # significant: false) # => "1.2346 Million" + # number_to_human(1234567, precision: 1, # separator: ',', - # significant: false) # => "1,2 Million" + # significant: false) # => "1,2 Million" # # Non-significant zeros after the decimal separator are stripped # out by default (set <tt>:strip_insignificant_zeros</tt> to # +false+ to change that): - # number_to_human(12345012345, significant_digits: 6) # => "12.345 Billion" - # number_to_human(500000000, precision: 5) # => "500 Million" + # number_to_human(12345012345, significant_digits: 6) # => "12.345 Billion" + # number_to_human(500000000, precision: 5) # => "500 Million" # # ==== Custom Unit Quantifiers # @@ -392,12 +366,12 @@ module ActionView # # Then you could do: # - # number_to_human(543934, units: :distance) # => "544 kilometers" - # number_to_human(54393498, units: :distance) # => "54400 kilometers" - # number_to_human(54393498000, units: :distance) # => "54.4 gazillion-distance" - # number_to_human(343, units: :distance, precision: 1) # => "300 meters" - # number_to_human(1, units: :distance) # => "1 meter" - # number_to_human(0.34, units: :distance) # => "34 centimeters" + # number_to_human(543934, units: :distance) # => "544 kilometers" + # number_to_human(54393498, units: :distance) # => "54400 kilometers" + # number_to_human(54393498000, units: :distance) # => "54.4 gazillion-distance" + # number_to_human(343, units: :distance, precision: 1) # => "300 meters" + # number_to_human(1, units: :distance) # => "1 meter" + # number_to_human(0.34, units: :distance) # => "34 centimeters" # def number_to_human(number, options = {}) options = escape_unsafe_delimiters_and_separators(options.symbolize_keys) diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/output_safety_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/output_safety_helper.rb index 2e7e9dc50c..60a4478c26 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/output_safety_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/output_safety_helper.rb @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc: # # For example: # - # <%=raw @user.name %> + # raw @user.name + # # => 'Jimmy <alert>Tables</alert>' def raw(stringish) stringish.to_s.html_safe end diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb index e6f61d269c..e5cb843670 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ require 'action_view/vendor/html-scanner' module ActionView # = Action View Sanitize Helpers - module Helpers #:nodoc: + module Helpers # The SanitizeHelper module provides a set of methods for scrubbing text of undesired HTML elements. # These helper methods extend Action View making them callable within your template files. module SanitizeHelper diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb index 3875d88a9f..e80e0ed9b0 100644 --- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb +++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ require "rails" module ActionView # = Action View Railtie - class Railtie < Rails::Railtie + class Railtie < Rails::Railtie # :nodoc: config.action_view = ActiveSupport::OrderedOptions.new config.action_view.embed_authenticity_token_in_remote_forms = false diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb index 907fe70522..704998301c 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb @@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # autosave callbacks are executed. Placing your callbacks after # associations is usually a good practice. # - # == Examples - # # === One-to-one Example # # class Post diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb index c53b7b3e78..81f92db271 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/counter_cache.rb @@ -79,16 +79,17 @@ module ActiveRecord where(primary_key => id).update_all updates.join(', ') end - # Increment a number field by one, usually representing a count. + # Increment a numeric field by one, via a direct SQL update. # - # This is used for caching aggregate values, so that they don't need to be computed every time. - # For example, a DiscussionBoard may cache post_count and comment_count otherwise every time the board is - # shown it would have to run an SQL query to find how many posts and comments there are. + # This method is used primarily for maintaining counter_cache columns used to + # store aggregate values. For example, a DiscussionBoard may cache posts_count + # and comments_count to avoid running an SQL query to calculate the number of + # posts and comments there are each time it is displayed. # # ==== Parameters # # * +counter_name+ - The name of the field that should be incremented. - # * +id+ - The id of the object that should be incremented. + # * +id+ - The id of the object that should be incremented or an Array of ids. # # ==== Examples # @@ -98,14 +99,15 @@ module ActiveRecord update_counters(id, counter_name => 1) end - # Decrement a number field by one, usually representing a count. + # Decrement a numeric field by one, via a direct SQL update. # - # This works the same as increment_counter but reduces the column value by 1 instead of increasing it. + # This works the same as increment_counter but reduces the column value by + # 1 instead of increasing it. # # ==== Parameters # # * +counter_name+ - The name of the field that should be decremented. - # * +id+ - The id of the object that should be decremented. + # * +id+ - The id of the object that should be decremented or an Array of ids. # # ==== Examples # diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb index 23c272ef12..7bdc1bd4c6 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/integration.rb @@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # Returns a cache key that can be used to identify this record. # - # ==== Examples - # # Product.new.cache_key # => "products/new" # Product.find(5).cache_key # => "products/5" (updated_at not available) # Person.find(5).cache_key # => "people/5-20071224150000" (updated_at available) diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb index 38e18b32a4..df8654e5c1 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ module ActiveRecord class QueryCache module ClassMethods # Enable the query cache within the block if Active Record is configured. + # If it's not, it will execute the given block. def cache(&block) if ActiveRecord::Base.connected? connection.cache(&block) @@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ module ActiveRecord end # Disable the query cache within the block if Active Record is configured. + # If it's not, it will execute the given block. def uncached(&block) if ActiveRecord::Base.connected? connection.uncached(&block) diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb index 45f6a78428..5ddcaee6be 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb @@ -26,14 +26,13 @@ module ActiveRecord # MySQL specific terms will lock you to using that particular database engine or require you to # change your call if you switch engines. # - # ==== Examples # # A simple SQL query spanning multiple tables # Post.find_by_sql "SELECT p.title, c.author FROM posts p, comments c WHERE p.id = c.post_id" - # > [#<Post:0x36bff9c @attributes={"title"=>"Ruby Meetup", "first_name"=>"Quentin"}>, ...] + # # => [#<Post:0x36bff9c @attributes={"title"=>"Ruby Meetup", "first_name"=>"Quentin"}>, ...] # # # You can use the same string replacement techniques as you can with ActiveRecord#find # Post.find_by_sql ["SELECT title FROM posts WHERE author = ? AND created > ?", author_id, start_date] - # > [#<Post:0x36bff9c @attributes={"title"=>"The Cheap Man Buys Twice"}>, ...] + # # => [#<Post:0x36bff9c @attributes={"title"=>"The Cheap Man Buys Twice"}>, ...] def find_by_sql(sql, binds = []) logging_query_plan do result_set = connection.select_all(sanitize_sql(sql), "#{name} Load", binds) @@ -57,8 +56,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # # * +sql+ - An SQL statement which should return a count query from the database, see the example below. # - # ==== Examples - # # Product.count_by_sql "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sales s, customers c WHERE s.customer_id = c.id" def count_by_sql(sql) logging_query_plan do diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb index 99e77e007a..ccc14dddeb 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/calculations.rb @@ -76,18 +76,17 @@ module ActiveRecord # # values = Person.group('last_name').maximum(:age) # puts values["Drake"] - # => 43 + # # => 43 # # drake = Family.find_by_last_name('Drake') # values = Person.group(:family).maximum(:age) # Person belongs_to :family # puts values[drake] - # => 43 + # # => 43 # # values.each do |family, max_age| # ... # end # - # Examples: # Person.calculate(:count, :all) # The same as Person.count # Person.average(:age) # SELECT AVG(age) FROM people... # @@ -124,8 +123,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # the plucked column names, if they can be deduced. Plucking an SQL fragment # returns String values by default. # - # Examples: - # # Person.pluck(:id) # # SELECT people.id FROM people # # => [1, 2, 3] @@ -182,8 +179,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # Pluck all the ID's for the relation using the table's primary key # - # Examples: - # # Person.ids # SELECT people.id FROM people # Person.joins(:companies).ids # SELECT people.id FROM people INNER JOIN companies ON companies.person_id = people.id def ids diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb index 352dee3826..d417e82548 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/relation/spawn_methods.rb @@ -12,9 +12,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # Merges in the conditions from <tt>other</tt>, if <tt>other</tt> is an <tt>ActiveRecord::Relation</tt>. # Returns an array representing the intersection of the resulting records with <tt>other</tt>, if <tt>other</tt> is an array. - # - # ==== Examples - # # Post.where(published: true).joins(:comments).merge( Comment.where(spam: false) ) # # Performs a single join query with both where conditions. # @@ -29,7 +26,6 @@ module ActiveRecord # # => Post.where(published: true).joins(:comments) # # This is mainly intended for sharing common conditions between multiple associations. - # def merge(other) if other.is_a?(Array) to_a & other @@ -51,11 +47,8 @@ module ActiveRecord # Removes from the query the condition(s) specified in +skips+. # - # Example: - # # Post.order('id asc').except(:order) # discards the order condition # Post.where('id > 10').order('id asc').except(:where) # discards the where condition but keeps the order - # def except(*skips) result = Relation.new(klass, table, values.except(*skips)) result.default_scoped = default_scoped @@ -65,11 +58,8 @@ module ActiveRecord # Removes any condition from the query other than the one(s) specified in +onlies+. # - # Example: - # # Post.order('id asc').only(:where) # discards the order condition # Post.order('id asc').only(:where, :order) # uses the specified order - # def only(*onlies) result = Relation.new(klass, table, values.slice(*onlies)) result.default_scoped = default_scoped diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb index eaa4aa7086..3259dbbd80 100644 --- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb +++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/schema.rb @@ -29,11 +29,16 @@ module ActiveRecord # ActiveRecord::Schema is only supported by database adapters that also # support migrations, the two features being very similar. class Schema < Migration + + # Returns the migrations paths. + # + # ActiveRecord::Schema.new.migrations_paths + # # => ["db/migrate"] # Rails migration path by default. def migrations_paths ActiveRecord::Migrator.migrations_paths end - def define(info, &block) + def define(info, &block) # :nodoc: instance_eval(&block) unless info[:version].blank? diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb index 85b0e10be2..e1ce9f371a 100644 --- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb +++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb @@ -88,6 +88,19 @@ class Hash end class << self + # Returns a Hash containing a collection of pairs when the key is the node name and the value is + # its content + # + # xml = <<-XML + # <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> + # <hash> + # <foo type="integer">1</foo> + # <bar type="integer">2</bar> + # </hash> + # XML + # + # hash = Hash.from_xml(xml) + # # => {"hash"=>{"foo"=>1, "bar"=>2}} def from_xml(xml) typecast_xml_value(unrename_keys(ActiveSupport::XmlMini.parse(xml))) end diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/constant_lookup.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/constant_lookup.rb index 73e87befb6..52bfeb7179 100644 --- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/constant_lookup.rb +++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/constant_lookup.rb @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ module ActiveSupport module ConstantLookup extend ::ActiveSupport::Concern - module ClassMethods + module ClassMethods # :nodoc: def determine_constant_from_test_name(test_name) names = test_name.split "::" while names.size > 0 do diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/pending.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/pending.rb index 944806bb64..b04bbbbaea 100644 --- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/pending.rb +++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/testing/pending.rb @@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ require 'active_support/deprecation' module ActiveSupport module Testing - module Pending - unless defined?(Spec) + module Pending # :nodoc: + unless defined?(Spec) def pending(description = "", &block) ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("#pending is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 4.1, please use #skip instead.") skip(description.blank? ? nil : description) diff --git a/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png b/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a979f02207 --- /dev/null +++ b/guides/assets/images/rails4_features.png diff --git a/guides/source/4_0_release_notes.md b/guides/source/4_0_release_notes.md index b4442130ac..42794b180e 100644 --- a/guides/source/4_0_release_notes.md +++ b/guides/source/4_0_release_notes.md @@ -1,42 +1,24 @@ Ruby on Rails 4.0 Release Notes =============================== -Highlights in Rails 4.0: (WIP) +Highlights in Rails 4.0: * Ruby 1.9.3 only * Strong Parameters * Queue API -* Caching Improvements -* ActionController::Live +* Turbolinks +* Russian Doll Caching +* Asynchronous Mailers -These release notes cover the major changes, but do not include each bug-fix and changes. If you want to see everything, check out the [list of commits](https://github.com/rails/rails/commits/master) in the main Rails repository on GitHub. +These release notes cover only the major changes. To know about various bug fixes and changes, please refer to the change logs or check out the [list of commits](https://github.com/rails/rails/commits/master) in the main Rails repository on GitHub. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Upgrading to Rails 4.0 ---------------------- -TODO. This is a WIP guide. +If you're upgrading an existing application, it's a great idea to have good test coverage before going in. You should also first upgrade to Rails 3.2 in case you haven't and make sure your application still runs as expected before attempting an update to Rails 4.0. A list of things to watch out for when upgrading is available in the [Upgrading to Rails](upgrading_ruby_on_rails.html#upgrading-from-rails-3-2-to-rails-4-0) guide. -If you're upgrading an existing application, it's a great idea to have good test coverage before going in. You should also first upgrade to Rails 3.2 in case you haven't and make sure your application still runs as expected before attempting an update to Rails 4.0. Then take heed of the following changes: - -### Rails 4.0 requires at least Ruby 1.9.3 - -Rails 4.0 requires Ruby 1.9.3 or higher. Support for all of the previous Ruby versions has been dropped officially and you should upgrade as early as possible. - -### What to update in your apps - -* Update your Gemfile to depend on - * `rails = 4.0.0` - * `sass-rails ~> 3.2.3` - * `coffee-rails ~> 3.2.1` - * `uglifier >= 1.0.3` - -TODO: Update the versions above. - -* Rails 4.0 removes `vendor/plugins` completely. You have to replace these plugins by extracting them as gems and adding them in your Gemfile. If you choose not to make them gems, you can move them into, say, `lib/my_plugin/*` and add an appropriate initializer in `config/initializers/my_plugin.rb`. - -TODO: Configuration changes in environment files Creating a Rails 4.0 application -------------------------------- @@ -70,11 +52,14 @@ $ ruby /path/to/rails/railties/bin/rails new myapp --dev Major Features -------------- -Moved to a Plugin ------------------ +TODO. Give a list and then talk about each of them briefly. We can point to relevant code commits or documentation from these sections. + + -With Rails 4 several pieces have been extracted. While Rails won't ship with these features anymore, -you can simply add the extracted plugin to your `Gemfile` to bring the functionality back. +Extraction of features to gems +--------------------------- + +In Rails 4.0, several features have been extracted into gems. You can simply add the extracted gems to your `Gemfile` to bring the functionality back. * Hash-based & Dynamic finder methods ([Github](https://github.com/rails/activerecord-deprecated_finders)) * Mass assignment protection in Active Record models ([Github](https://github.com/rails/protected_attributes), [Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7251)) @@ -83,6 +68,7 @@ you can simply add the extracted plugin to your `Gemfile` to bring the functiona * Active Resource ([Github](https://github.com/rails/activeresource), [Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/572), [Blog](http://yetimedia.tumblr.com/post/35233051627/activeresource-is-dead-long-live-activeresource)) * Action Caching ([Github](https://github.com/rails/actionpack-action_caching), [Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7833)) * Page Caching ([Github](https://github.com/rails/actionpack-page_caching), [Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7833)) +* Sprockets ([Github](https://github.com/rails/sprockets-rails)) Documentation ------------- @@ -94,848 +80,93 @@ Documentation Railties -------- -* Ensure that RAILS_ENV is set when accessing Rails.env. - -* Don't eager-load app/assets and app/views. +Please refer to the [Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/master/railties/CHANGELOG.md) for detailed changes. -* Add `.rake` to list of file extensions included by `rake notes` and `rake notes:custom`. +### Notable changes * New test locations `test/models`, `test/helpers`, `test/controllers`, and `test/mailers`. Corresponding rake tasks added as well. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7878)) -* Set a different cache per environment for assets pipeline through `config.assets.cache`. - -* `Rails.public_path` now returns a Pathname object. - -* Remove highly uncommon `config.assets.manifest` option for moving the manifest path. This option is now unsupported in sprockets-rails. - -* Add `config.action_controller.permit_all_parameters` to disable StrongParameters protection, it's false by default. - -* Remove `config.active_record.whitelist_attributes` and `config.active_record.mass_assignment_sanitizer` from new applications since MassAssignmentSecurity has been extracted from Rails. - -* Change `rails new` and `rails plugin new` generators to name the `.gitkeep` files as `.keep` in a more SCM-agnostic way. Change `--skip-git` option to only skip the `.gitignore` file and still generate the `.keep` files. Add `--skip-keeps` option to skip the `.keep` files. - -* Fixed support for DATABASE_URL environment variable for rake db tasks. - -* rails dbconsole now can use SSL for MySQL. The database.yml options sslca, sslcert, sslcapath, sslcipher and sslkey now affect rails dbconsole. - -* Correctly handle SCRIPT_NAME when generating routes to engine in application that's mounted at a sub-uri. With this behavior, you *should not* use default_url_options[:script_name] to set proper application's mount point by yourself. - -* `config.threadsafe!` is deprecated in favor of `config.eager_load` which provides a more fine grained control on what is eager loaded. - -* The migration generator will now produce AddXXXToYYY/RemoveXXXFromYYY migrations with references statements, for instance - - rails g migration AddReferencesToProducts user:references supplier:references{polymorphic} - - will generate the migration with: - - add_reference :products, :user, index: true - add_reference :products, :supplier, polymorphic: true, index: true - -* Allow scaffold/model/migration generators to accept a `polymorphic` modifier for `references`/`belongs_to`, for instance - - ``` - rails g model Product supplier:references{polymorphic} - ``` - - will generate the model with `belongs_to :supplier, polymorphic: true` association and appropriate migration. - -* Set `config.active_record.migration_error` to `:page_load` for development. - -* Add runner to `Rails::Railtie` as a hook called just after runner starts. - -* Add `/rails/info/routes` path which displays the same information as `rake routes`. - -* Improved `rake routes` output for redirects. - -* Load all environments available in `config.paths["config/environments"]`. - -* Add `config.queue_consumer` to change the job queue consumer from the default `ActiveSupport::ThreadedQueueConsumer`. - -* Add `Rails.queue` for processing jobs in the background. - -* Remove `Rack::SSL` in favour of `ActionDispatch::SSL`. - -* Allow to set class that will be used to run as a console, other than IRB, with `Rails.application.config.console=`. It's best to add it to console block. - - ```ruby - # it can be added to config/application.rb - console do - # this block is called only when running console, - # so we can safely require pry here - require "pry" - config.console = Pry - end - ``` - -* Add a convenience method `hide!` to Rails generators to hide the current generator namespace from showing when running `rails generate`. +* Threadsafe on by default -* Scaffold now uses `content_tag_for` in `index.html.erb`. - -* `Rails::Plugin` is removed. Instead of adding plugins to `vendor/plugins`, use gems or bundler with path or git dependencies. +* Add `Rails.queue` for processing jobs in the background. ### Deprecations -Action Mailer -------------- - -* Allow to set default Action Mailer options via `config.action_mailer.default_options=`. - -* Raise an `ActionView::MissingTemplate` exception when no implicit template could be found. - -* Asynchronously send messages via the Rails Queue. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/6839)) - -* Delivery Options (such as SMTP Settings) can now be set dynamically per mailer action. - - Delivery options are set via <tt>:delivery_method_options</tt> key on mail. - - ```ruby - def welcome_mailer(user,company) - delivery_options = { user_name: company.smtp_user, password: company.smtp_password, address: company.smtp_host } - mail(to: user.email, subject: "Welcome!", delivery_method_options: delivery_options) - end - ``` - -* Allow for callbacks in mailers similar to ActionController::Base. You can now set up headers/attachments using `before_filter` or `after_filter`. You could also change delivery settings or prevent delivery in an after filter based on instance variables set in your mailer action. You have access to `ActionMailer::Base` instance methods like `message`, `attachments`, `headers`. - -Action Pack ------------ - -### Action Controller - -* Add `ActionController::Flash.add_flash_types` method to allow people to register their own flash types. e.g.: - - ```ruby - class ApplicationController - add_flash_types :error, :warning - end - ``` - - If you add the above code, you can use `<%= error %>` in an erb, and `redirect_to /foo, :error => 'message'` in a controller. - -* Encrypted Cookies + Sign using Derived Keys. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/8112)) - -* Remove Active Model dependency from Action Pack. - -* Support unicode characters in routes. Route will be automatically escaped, so instead of manually escaping: - - ```ruby - get Rack::Utils.escape('こんにちは') => 'home#index' - ``` - - You just have to write the unicode route: - - ```ruby - get 'こんにちは' => 'home#index' - ``` - -* Return proper format on exceptions. - -* Extracted redirect logic from `ActionController::ForceSSL::ClassMethods.force_ssl` into `ActionController::ForceSSL#force_ssl_redirect`. - -* URL path parameters with invalid encoding now raise `ActionController::BadRequest`. - -* Malformed query and request parameter hashes now raise `ActionController::BadRequest`. - -* `respond_to` and `respond_with` now raise `ActionController::UnknownFormat` instead of directly returning head 406. The exception is rescued and converted to 406 in the exception handling middleware. - -* JSONP now uses `application/javascript` instead of `application/json` as the MIME type. - -* Session arguments passed to process calls in functional tests are now merged into the existing session, whereas previously they would replace the existing session. This change may break some existing tests if they are asserting the exact contents of the session but should not break existing tests that only assert individual keys. - -* Forms of persisted records use always PATCH (via the `_method` hack). - -* For resources, both PATCH and PUT are routed to the `update` action. - -* Don't ignore `force_ssl` in development. This is a change of behavior - use an `:if` condition to recreate the old behavior. - - ```ruby - class AccountsController < ApplicationController - force_ssl :if => :ssl_configured? - - def ssl_configured? - !Rails.env.development? - end - end - ``` - -#### Deprecations - -* Deprecated `ActionController::Integration` in favour of `ActionDispatch::Integration`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::IntegrationTest` in favour of `ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::PerformanceTest` in favour of `ActionDispatch::PerformanceTest`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::AbstractRequest` in favour of `ActionDispatch::Request`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::Request` in favour of `ActionDispatch::Request`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::AbstractResponse` in favour of `ActionDispatch::Response`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::Response` in favour of `ActionDispatch::Response`. - -* Deprecated `ActionController::Routing` in favour of `ActionDispatch::Routing`. - -### Action Dispatch - -* Add Routing Concerns to declare common routes that can be reused inside others resources and routes. - - Code before: - - ```ruby - resources :messages do - resources :comments - end - - resources :posts do - resources :comments - resources :images, only: :index - end - ``` - - Code after: - - ```ruby - concern :commentable do - resources :comments - end - - concern :image_attachable do - resources :images, only: :index - end - - resources :messages, concerns: :commentable - - resources :posts, concerns: [:commentable, :image_attachable] - ``` - -* Show routes in exception page while debugging a `RoutingError` in development. - -* Helper methods for HTML5 inputs. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/6359)) - -* Include `mounted_helpers` (helpers for accessing mounted engines) in `ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest` by default. - -* Added `ActionDispatch::SSL` middleware that when included force all the requests to be under HTTPS protocol. - -* Copy literal route constraints to defaults so that url generation know about them. The copied constraints are `:protocol`, `:subdomain`, `:domain`, `:host` and `:port`. - -* Allows `assert_redirected_to` to match against a regular expression. - -* Adds a backtrace to the routing error page in development. - -* `assert_generates`, `assert_recognizes`, and `assert_routing` all raise `Assertion` instead of `RoutingError`. - -* Allows the route helper root to take a string argument. For example, `root 'pages#main'` as a shortcut for `root to: 'pages#main'`. - -* Adds support for the PATCH verb: Request objects respond to `patch?`. Routes now have a new `patch` method, and understand `:patch` in the existing places where a verb is configured, like `:via`. Functional tests have a new method `patch` and integration tests have a new method `patch_via_redirect`. -If `:patch` is the default verb for updates, edits are tunneled as `PATCH` rather than as `PUT` and routing acts accordingly. - -* Integration tests support the OPTIONS method. - -* `expires_in` accepts a `must_revalidate` flag. If true, "must-revalidate" is added to the `Cache-Control` header. - -* Default responder will now always use your overridden block in `respond_with` to render your response. - -* Turn off verbose mode of `rack-cache`, we still have `X-Rack-Cache` to check that info. - -#### Deprecations - -### Action View - -* Remove Active Model dependency from Action Pack. - -* Allow to use `mounted_helpers` (helpers for accessing mounted engines) in `ActionView::TestCase`. - -* Make current object and counter (when it applies) variables accessible when rendering templates with `:object` or `:collection`. - -* Allow to lazy load `default_form_builder` by passing a string instead of a constant. - -* Add index method to `FormBuilder` class. - -* Adds support for layouts when rendering a partial with a given collection. - -* Remove `:disable_with` in favor of `data-disable-with` option from `submit_tag`, `button_tag` and `button_to` helpers. - -* Remove `:mouseover` option from `image_tag` helper. - -* Templates without a handler extension now raises a deprecation warning but still defaults to `ERb`. In future releases, it will simply return the template content. - -* Add a `divider` option to `grouped_options_for_select` to generate a separator optgroup automatically, and deprecate prompt as third argument, in favor of using an options hash. - -* Add `time_field` and `time_field_tag` helpers which render an `input[type="time"]` tag. - -* Removed old `text_helper` apis for `highlight`, `excerpt` and `word_wrap`. - -* Remove the leading \n added by textarea on `assert_select`. - -* Changed default value for `config.action_view.embed_authenticity_token_in_remote_forms` to false. This change breaks remote forms that need to work also without JavaScript, so if you need such behavior, you can either set it to true or explicitly pass `:authenticity_token => true` in form options. - -* Make possible to use a block in `button_to` helper if button text is hard to fit into the name parameter: - - ```ruby - <%= button_to [:make_happy, @user] do %> - Make happy <strong><%= @user.name %></strong> - <% end %> - # => "<form method="post" action="/users/1/make_happy" class="button_to"> - # <div> - # <button type="submit"> - # Make happy <strong>Name</strong> - # </button> - # </div> - # </form>" - ``` - -* Replace `include_seconds` boolean argument with `:include_seconds => true` option in `distance_of_time_in_words` and `time_ago_in_words` signature. - -* Remove `button_to_function` and `link_to_function` helpers. - -* `truncate` now always returns an escaped HTML-safe string. The option `:escape` can be used as `false` to not escape the result. - -* `truncate` now accepts a block to show extra content when the text is truncated. - -* Add `week_field`, `week_field_tag`, `month_field`, `month_field_tag`, `datetime_local_field`, `datetime_local_field_tag`, `datetime_field` and `datetime_field_tag` helpers. - -* Add `color_field` and `color_field_tag` helpers. - -* Add `include_hidden` option to select tag. With `:include_hidden => false` select with multiple attribute doesn't generate hidden input with blank value. - -* Removed default size option from the `text_field`, `search_field`, `telephone_field`, `url_field`, `email_field` helpers. - -* Removed default cols and rows options from the `text_area` helper. - -* Adds `image_url`, `javascript_url`, `stylesheet_url`, `audio_url`, `video_url`, and `font_url` to assets tag helper. These URL helpers will return the full path to your assets. This is useful when you are going to reference this asset from external host. - -* Allow `value_method` and `text_method` arguments from `collection_select` and `options_from_collection_for_select` to receive an object that responds to `:call` such as a proc, to evaluate the option in the current element context. This works the same way with `collection_radio_buttons` and `collection_check_boxes`. - -* Add `date_field` and `date_field_tag` helpers which render an `input[type="date"]` tag. - -* Add `collection_check_boxes` form helper, similar to `collection_select`: - - ```ruby - collection_check_boxes :post, :author_ids, Author.all, :id, :name - # Outputs something like: - <input id="post_author_ids_1" name="post[author_ids][]" type="checkbox" value="1" /> - <label for="post_author_ids_1">D. Heinemeier Hansson</label> - <input id="post_author_ids_2" name="post[author_ids][]" type="checkbox" value="2" /> - <label for="post_author_ids_2">D. Thomas</label> - <input name="post[author_ids][]" type="hidden" value="" /> - ``` - - The label/check_box pairs can be customized with a block. - -* Add `collection_radio_buttons` form helper, similar to `collection_select`: - - ```ruby - collection_radio_buttons :post, :author_id, Author.all, :id, :name - # Outputs something like: - <input id="post_author_id_1" name="post[author_id]" type="radio" value="1" /> - <label for="post_author_id_1">D. Heinemeier Hansson</label> - <input id="post_author_id_2" name="post[author_id]" type="radio" value="2" /> - <label for="post_author_id_2">D. Thomas</label> - ``` - - The label/radio_button pairs can be customized with a block. - -* `check_box` with an HTML5 attribute `:form` will now replicate the `:form` attribute to the hidden field as well. - -* label form helper accepts `:for => nil` to not generate the attribute. - -* Add `:format` option to `number_to_percentage`. - -* Add `config.action_view.logger` to configure logger for `Action View`. +* `config.threadsafe!` is deprecated in favor of `config.eager_load` which provides a more fine grained control on what is eager loaded. -* `check_box` helper with `:disabled => true` will generate a `disabled` hidden field to conform with the HTML convention where disabled fields are not submitted with the form. This is a behavior change, previously the hidden tag had a value of the disabled checkbox. +* `Rails::Plugin` has gone. Instead of adding plugins to `vendor/plugins` use gems or bundler with path or git dependencies. -* `favicon_link_tag` helper will now use the favicon in `app/assets` by default. - -* `ActionView::Helpers::TextHelper#highlight` now defaults to the HTML5 `mark` element. - -#### Deprecations - -### Sprockets - -Moved into a separate gem `sprockets-rails`. - -Active Record +Action Mailer ------------- -* Add `add_reference` and `remove_reference` schema statements. Aliases, `add_belongs_to` and `remove_belongs_to` are acceptable. References are reversible. - - ```ruby - # Create a user_id column - add_reference(:products, :user) - - # Create a supplier_id, supplier_type columns and appropriate index - add_reference(:products, :supplier, polymorphic: true, index: true) - - # Remove polymorphic reference - remove_reference(:products, :supplier, polymorphic: true) - ``` - -* Add `:default` and `:null` options to `column_exists?`. - - ```ruby - column_exists?(:testings, :taggable_id, :integer, null: false) - column_exists?(:testings, :taggable_type, :string, default: 'Photo') - ``` - -* `ActiveRecord::Relation#inspect` now makes it clear that you are dealing with a `Relation` object rather than an array: - - ```ruby - User.where(:age => 30).inspect - # => <ActiveRecord::Relation [#<User ...>, #<User ...>]> - - User.where(:age => 30).to_a.inspect - # => [#<User ...>, #<User ...>] - ``` - - if more than 10 items are returned by the relation, inspect will only show the first 10 followed by ellipsis. - -* Add `:collation` and `:ctype` support to PostgreSQL. These are available for PostgreSQL 8.4 or later. - - ```yaml - development: - adapter: postgresql - host: localhost - database: rails_development - username: foo - password: bar - encoding: UTF8 - collation: ja_JP.UTF8 - ctype: ja_JP.UTF8 - ``` - -* `FinderMethods#exists?` now returns `false` with the `false` argument. - -* Added support for specifying the precision of a timestamp in the postgresql adapter. So, instead of having to incorrectly specify the precision using the `:limit` option, you may use `:precision`, as intended. For example, in a migration: - - ```ruby - def change - create_table :foobars do |t| - t.timestamps :precision => 0 - end - end - ``` - -* Allow `ActiveRecord::Relation#pluck` to accept multiple columns. Returns an array of arrays containing the typecasted values: - - ```ruby - Person.pluck(:id, :name) - # SELECT people.id, people.name FROM people - # => [[1, 'David'], [2, 'Jeremy'], [3, 'Jose']] - ``` - -* Improve the derivation of HABTM join table name to take account of nesting. It now takes the table names of the two models, sorts them lexically and then joins them, stripping any common prefix from the second table name. Some examples: - - ``` - Top level models (Category <=> Product) - Old: categories_products - New: categories_products - - Top level models with a global table_name_prefix (Category <=> Product) - Old: site_categories_products - New: site_categories_products - - Nested models in a module without a table_name_prefix method (Admin::Category <=> Admin::Product) - Old: categories_products - New: categories_products - - Nested models in a module with a table_name_prefix method (Admin::Category <=> Admin::Product) - Old: categories_products - New: admin_categories_products - - Nested models in a parent model (Catalog::Category <=> Catalog::Product) - Old: categories_products - New: catalog_categories_products - - Nested models in different parent models (Catalog::Category <=> Content::Page) - Old: categories_pages - New: catalog_categories_content_pages - ``` - -* Move HABTM validity checks to `ActiveRecord::Reflection`. One side effect of this is to move when the exceptions are raised from the point of declaration to when the association is built. This is consistant with other association validity checks. - -* Added `stored_attributes` hash which contains the attributes stored using `ActiveRecord::Store`. This allows you to retrieve the list of attributes you've defined. - - ```ruby - class User < ActiveRecord::Base - store :settings, accessors: [:color, :homepage] - end - - User.stored_attributes[:settings] # [:color, :homepage] - ``` - -* PostgreSQL default log level is now 'warning', to bypass the noisy notice messages. You can change the log level using the `min_messages` option available in your `config/database.yml`. - -* Add uuid datatype support to PostgreSQL adapter. - -* Added `ActiveRecord::Migration.check_pending!` that raises an error if migrations are pending. - -* Added `#destroy!` which acts like `#destroy` but will raise an `ActiveRecord::RecordNotDestroyed` exception instead of returning `false`. - -* Allow blocks for count with `ActiveRecord::Relation`, to work similar as `Array#count`: `Person.where("age > 26").count { |person| person.gender == 'female' }` - -* Added support to `CollectionAssociation#delete` for passing fixnum or string values as record ids. This finds the records responding to the ids and deletes them. - - ```ruby - class Person < ActiveRecord::Base - has_many :pets - end - - person.pets.delete("1") # => [#<Pet id: 1>] - person.pets.delete(2, 3) # => [#<Pet id: 2>, #<Pet id: 3>] - ``` - -* It's not possible anymore to destroy a model marked as read only. - -* Added ability to `ActiveRecord::Relation#from` to accept other `ActiveRecord::Relation` objects. - -* Added custom coders support for `ActiveRecord::Store`. Now you can set your custom coder like this: - - ```ruby - store :settings, accessors: [ :color, :homepage ], coder: JSON - ``` - -* `mysql` and `mysql2` connections will set `SQL_MODE=STRICT_ALL_TABLES` by default to avoid silent data loss. This can be disabled by specifying `strict: false` in `config/database.yml`. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/6069)) - -* Added default order to `ActiveRecord::Base#first` to assure consistent results among different database engines. Introduced `ActiveRecord::Base#take` as a replacement to the old behavior. - -* Added an `:index` option to automatically create indexes for `references` and `belongs_to` statements in migrations. This can be either a boolean or a hash that is identical to options available to the `add_index` method: - - ```ruby - create_table :messages do |t| - t.references :person, :index => true - end - ``` - - Is the same as: - - ```ruby - create_table :messages do |t| - t.references :person - end - add_index :messages, :person_id - ``` - - Generators have also been updated to use the new syntax. - -* Added bang methods for mutating `ActiveRecord::Relation` objects. For example, while `foo.where(:bar)` will return a new object leaving foo unchanged, `foo.where!(:bar)` will mutate the foo object. - -* Added `#find_by` and `#find_by!` to mirror the functionality provided by dynamic finders in a way that allows dynamic input more easily: - - ```ruby - Post.find_by name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4 - Post.find_by "published_at < ?", 2.weeks.ago - Post.find_by! name: 'Spartacus' - ``` - -* Added `ActiveRecord::Base#slice` to return a hash of the given methods with their names as keys and returned values as values. - -* Remove IdentityMap - IdentityMap has never graduated to be an "enabled-by-default" feature, due to some inconsistencies with associations, as described in this [commit](https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/302c912bf6bcd0fa200d964ec2dc4a44abe328a6). Hence the removal from the codebase, until such issues are fixed. - -* Added a feature to dump/load internal state of `SchemaCache` instance because we want to boot more quickly when we have many models. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/5162)) - - ```ruby - # execute rake task. - RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake db:schema:cache:dump - => generate db/schema_cache.dump - - # add config.use_schema_cache_dump = true in config/production.rb. BTW, true is default. - - # boot rails. - RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails server - => use db/schema_cache.dump - - # If you remove clear dumped cache, execute rake task. - RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake db:schema:cache:clear - => remove db/schema_cache.dump - ``` - -* Added support for partial indices to `PostgreSQL` adapter. - -* The `add_index` method now supports a `where` option that receives a string with the partial index criteria. - -* Added the `ActiveRecord::NullRelation` class implementing the null object pattern for the Relation class. - -* Implemented `ActiveRecord::Relation#none` method which returns a chainable relation with zero records (an instance of the `NullRelation` class). Any subsequent condition chained to the returned relation will continue generating an empty relation and will not fire any query to the database. - -* Added `create_join_table` migration helper to create HABTM join tables. - - ```ruby - create_join_table :products, :categories - # => - # create_table :categories_products, :id => false do |td| - # td.integer :product_id, :null => false - # td.integer :category_id, :null => false - # end - ``` - -* The primary key is always initialized in the `@attributes` hash to nil (unless another value has been specified). - -* In previous releases, the following would generate a single query with an OUTER JOIN comments, rather than two separate queries: - - ```ruby - Post.includes(:comments).where("comments.name = 'foo'") - ``` +Please refer to the [Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/master/actionmailer/CHANGELOG.md) for detailed changes. - This behaviour relies on matching SQL string, which is an inherently flawed idea unless we write an SQL parser, which we do not wish to do. Therefore, it is now deprecated. +### Notable changes - To avoid deprecation warnings and for future compatibility, you must explicitly state which tables you reference, when using SQL snippets: - - ```ruby - Post.includes(:comments).where("comments.name = 'foo'").references(:comments) - ``` - - Note that you do not need to explicitly specify references in the following cases, as they can be automatically inferred: - - ```ruby - Post.where(comments: { name: 'foo' }) - Post.where('comments.name' => 'foo') - Post.order('comments.name') - ``` - - You also do not need to worry about this unless you are doing eager loading. Basically, don't worry unless you see a deprecation warning or (in future releases) an SQL error due to a missing JOIN. - -* Support for the `schema_info` table has been dropped. Please switch to `schema_migrations`. - -* Connections *must* be closed at the end of a thread. If not, your connection pool can fill and an exception will be raised. - -* PostgreSQL hstore records can be created. - -* PostgreSQL hstore types are automatically deserialized from the database. - -* Support for array datatype in PostgreSQL. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/7547)) - -* Added `#update_columns` method which updates the attributes from the passed-in hash without calling save, hence skipping validations and callbacks. `ActiveRecordError` will be raised when called on new objects or when at least one of the attributes is marked as read only. - - ```ruby - post.attributes # => {"id"=>2, "title"=>"My title", "body"=>"My content", "author"=>"Peter"} - post.update_columns({title: 'New title', author: 'Sebastian'}) # => true - post.attributes # => {"id"=>2, "title"=>"New title", "body"=>"My content", "author"=>"Sebastian"} - ``` +* Asynchronously send messages via the Rails Queue. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/6839)) ### Deprecations -* Deprecated most of the 'dynamic finder' methods. All dynamic methods except for `find_by_...` and `find_by_...!` are deprecated. Here's how you can rewrite the code: - - ```ruby - find_all_by_... can be rewritten using where(...) - find_last_by_... can be rewritten using where(...).last - scoped_by_... can be rewritten using where(...) - find_or_initialize_by_... can be rewritten using where(...).first_or_initialize - find_or_create_by_... can be rewritten using where(...).first_or_create - find_or_create_by_...! can be rewritten using where(...).first_or_create! - ``` - - The implementation of the deprecated dynamic finders has been moved to the `active_record_deprecated_finders` gem. - -* Deprecated the old-style hash based finder API. This means that methods which previously accepted "finder options" no longer do. For example this: - - ```ruby - Post.find(:all, :conditions => { :comments_count => 10 }, :limit => 5) - ``` - - should be rewritten in the new style which has existed since Rails 3: - - ```ruby - Post.where(comments_count: 10).limit(5) - ``` - - Note that as an interim step, it is possible to rewrite the above as: - - ```ruby - Post.scoped(:where => { :comments_count => 10 }, :limit => 5) - ``` - - This could save you a lot of work if there is a lot of old-style finder usage in your application. - - Calling `Post.scoped(options)` is a shortcut for `Post.scoped.merge(options)`. `Relation#merge` now accepts a hash of options, but they must be identical to the names of the equivalent finder method. These are mostly identical to the old-style finder option names, except in the following cases: - - ``` - :conditions becomes :where - :include becomes :includes - :extend becomes :extending - ``` - - The code to implement the deprecated features has been moved out to the `active_record_deprecated_finders` gem. This gem is a dependency of Active Record in Rails 4.0. It will no longer be a dependency from Rails 4.1, but if your app relies on the deprecated features then you can add it to your own Gemfile. It will be maintained by the Rails core team until Rails 5.0 is released. - -* Deprecate eager-evaluated scopes. - - Don't use this: - - ```ruby - scope :red, where(color: 'red') - default_scope where(color: 'red') - ``` - - Use this: - - ```ruby - scope :red, -> { where(color: 'red') } - default_scope { where(color: 'red') } - ``` - - The former has numerous issues. It is a common newbie gotcha to do the following: - - ```ruby - scope :recent, where(published_at: Time.now - 2.weeks) - ``` - - Or a more subtle variant: - - ```ruby - scope :recent, -> { where(published_at: Time.now - 2.weeks) } - scope :recent_red, recent.where(color: 'red') - ``` - - Eager scopes are also very complex to implement within Active Record, and there are still bugs. For example, the following does not do what you expect: - - ```ruby - scope :remove_conditions, except(:where) - where(...).remove_conditions # => still has conditions - ``` - -* Added deprecation for the `:dependent => :restrict` association option. - -* Up until now `has_many` and `has_one, :dependent => :restrict` option raised a `DeleteRestrictionError` at the time of destroying the object. Instead, it will add an error on the model. - -* To fix this warning, make sure your code isn't relying on a `DeleteRestrictionError` and then add `config.active_record.dependent_restrict_raises = false` to your application config. - -* New rails application would be generated with the `config.active_record.dependent_restrict_raises = false` in the application config. - -* The migration generator now creates a join table with (commented) indexes every time the migration name contains the word "join_table". - -* `ActiveRecord::SessionStore` is removed from Rails 4.0 and is now a separate [gem](https://github.com/rails/activerecord-session_store). - Active Model ------------ -* Changed `AM::Serializers::JSON.include_root_in_json` default value to false. Now, AM Serializers and AR objects have the same default behaviour. - - ```ruby - class User < ActiveRecord::Base; end - - class Person - include ActiveModel::Model - include ActiveModel::AttributeMethods - include ActiveModel::Serializers::JSON - - attr_accessor :name, :age - - def attributes - instance_values - end - end +Please refer to the [Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/master/activemodel/CHANGELOG.md) for detailed changes. - user.as_json - => {"id"=>1, "name"=>"Konata Izumi", "age"=>16, "awesome"=>true} - # root is not included +### Notable changes - person.as_json - => {"name"=>"Francesco", "age"=>22} - # root is not included - ``` +* Add `ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesProtection`, a simple module to protect attributes from mass assignment when non-permitted attributes are passed. -* Passing false hash values to `validates` will no longer enable the corresponding validators. - -* `ConfirmationValidator` error messages will attach to `:#{attribute}_confirmation` instead of `attribute`. - -* Added `ActiveModel::Model`, a mixin to make Ruby objects work with Action Pack out of the box. ([Pull Request](https://github.com/rails/rails/pull/5253)) - -* `ActiveModel::Errors#to_json` supports a new parameter `:full_messages`. - -* Trims down the API by removing `valid?` and `errors.full_messages`. +* Added `ActiveModel::Model`, a mixin to make Ruby objects work with AP out of box. ### Deprecations -Active Resource ---------------- - -* Active Resource is removed from Rails 4.0 and is now a separate [gem](https://github.com/rails/activeresource). - Active Support -------------- -* Add default values to all `ActiveSupport::NumberHelper` methods, to avoid errors with empty locales or missing values. - -* `Time#change` now works with time values with offsets other than UTC or the local time zone. - -* Add `Time#prev_quarter` and `Time#next_quarter` short-hands for `months_ago(3)` and `months_since(3)`. - -* Add `Time#last_week`, `Time#last_month`, `Time#last_year` as aliases for `Time#prev_week`, `Time#prev_month`, and `Time#prev_year`. +Please refer to the [Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/master/activesupport/CHANGELOG.md) for detailed changes. -* Add `Date#last_week`, `Date#last_month`, `Date#last_year` as aliases for `Date#prev_week`, `Date#prev_month`, and `Date#prev_year`. +### Notable changes -* Remove obsolete and unused `require_association` method from dependencies. +* Replace deprecated `memcache-client` gem with `dalli` in ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore. -* Add `:instance_accessor` option for `config_accessor`. +* Optimize ActiveSupport::Cache::Entry to reduce memory and processing overhead. - ```ruby - class User - include ActiveSupport::Configurable - config_accessor :allowed_access, instance_accessor: false - end +* Inflections can now be defined per locale. `singularize` and `pluralize` accept locale as an extra argument. - User.new.allowed_access = true # => NoMethodError - User.new.allowed_access # => NoMethodError - ``` +* `Object#try` will now return nil instead of raise a NoMethodError if the receiving object does not implement the method, but you can still get the old behavior by using the new `Object#try!`. -* `ActionView::Helpers::NumberHelper` methods have been moved to `ActiveSupport::NumberHelper` and are now available via `Numeric#to_s`. - -* `Numeric#to_s` now accepts the formatting options :phone, :currency, :percentage, :delimited, :rounded, :human, and :human_size. - -* Add `Hash#transform_keys`, `Hash#transform_keys!`, `Hash#deep_transform_keys` and `Hash#deep_transform_keys!`. - -* Changed xml type datetime to dateTime (with upper case letter T). - -* Add `:instance_accessor` option for `class_attribute`. - -* `constantize` now looks in the ancestor chain. - -* Add `Hash#deep_stringify_keys` and `Hash#deep_stringify_keys!` to convert all keys from a `Hash` instance into strings. - -* Add `Hash#deep_symbolize_keys` and `Hash#deep_symbolize_keys!` to convert all keys from a `Hash` instance into symbols. - -* `Object#try` can't call private methods. - -* AS::Callbacks#run_callbacks remove key argument. +### Deprecations -* `deep_dup` works more expectedly now and duplicates also values in `Hash` instances and elements in `Array` instances. +* Deprecate `ActiveSupport::TestCase#pending` method, use `skip` from MiniTest instead. -* Inflector no longer applies ice -> ouse to words like slice, police. +* ActiveSupport::Benchmarkable#silence has been deprecated due to its lack of thread safety. It will be removed without replacement in Rails 4.1. -* Add `ActiveSupport::Deprecations.behavior = :silence` to completely ignore Rails runtime deprecations. +* `ActiveSupport::JSON::Variable` is deprecated. Define your own `#as_json` and `#encode_json` methods for custom JSON string literals. -* Make `Module#delegate` stop using send - can no longer delegate to private methods. +* Deprecates the compatibility method Module#local_constant_names, use Module#local_constants instead (which returns symbols). -* AS::Callbacks deprecate :rescuable option. +* BufferedLogger is deprecated. Use ActiveSupport::Logger, or the logger from Ruby stdlib. -* Adds `Integer#ordinal` to get the ordinal suffix string of an integer. -* AS::Callbacks :per_key option is no longer supported. +Action Pack +----------- -* AS::Callbacks#define_callbacks add :skip_after_callbacks_if_terminated option. +Please refer to the [Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/master/railties/CHANGELOG.md) for detailed changes. -* Add html_escape_once to ERB::Util, and delegate escape_once tag helper to it. +### Notable changes -* Remove `ActiveSupport::TestCase#pending` method, use `skip` instead. +### Deprecations -* Deletes the compatibility method `Module#method_names`, use `Module#methods` from now on (which returns symbols). -* Deletes the compatibility method `Module#instance_method_names`, use `Module#instance_methods` from now on (which returns symbols). +Active Record +------------- -* Unicode database updated to 6.1.0. +Please refer to the [Changelog](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/master/railties/CHANGELOG.md) for detailed changes. -* Adds `encode_big_decimal_as_string` option to force JSON serialization of BigDecimals as numeric instead of wrapping them in strings for safety. +### Notable changes ### Deprecations -* `ActiveSupport::Callbacks`: deprecate usage of filter object with `#before` and `#after` methods as `around` callback. - -* `BufferedLogger` is deprecated. Use `ActiveSupport::Logger` or the `logger` from Ruby stdlib. - -* Deprecates the compatibility method `Module#local_constant_names` and use `Module#local_constants` instead (which returns symbols). - Credits ------- diff --git a/guides/source/getting_started.md b/guides/source/getting_started.md index ceba2c65aa..b1ca8da292 100644 --- a/guides/source/getting_started.md +++ b/guides/source/getting_started.md @@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ invoking the command: `rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production`. ### Saving data in the controller Back in `posts_controller`, we need to change the `create` action -to use the new `Post` model to save the data in the database. Open that file +to use the new `Post` model to save the data in the database. Open `app/controllers/posts_controller.rb` and change the `create` action to look like this: ```ruby @@ -558,8 +558,8 @@ parameter, which in our case will be the id of the post. Note that this time we had to specify the actual mapping, `posts#show` because otherwise Rails would not know which action to render. -As we did before, we need to add the `show` action in the -`posts_controller` and its respective view. +As we did before, we need to add the `show` action in +`app/controllers/posts_controller.rb` and its respective view. ```ruby def show @@ -1216,7 +1216,7 @@ This command will generate four files: | test/models/comment_test.rb | Testing harness for the comments model | | test/fixtures/comments.yml | Sample comments for use in testing | -First, take a look at `comment.rb`: +First, take a look at `app/models/comment.rb`: ```ruby class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base @@ -1277,7 +1277,7 @@ this way: * One post can have many comments. In fact, this is very close to the syntax that Rails uses to declare this -association. You've already seen the line of code inside the `Comment` model that +association. You've already seen the line of code inside the `Comment` model (app/models/comment.rb) that makes each comment belong to a Post: ```ruby @@ -1286,7 +1286,7 @@ class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base end ``` -You'll need to edit the `post.rb` file to add the other side of the association: +You'll need to edit `app/models/post.rb` to add the other side of the association: ```ruby class Post < ActiveRecord::Base @@ -1350,7 +1350,7 @@ the post show page to see their comment now listed. Due to this, our spam comments when they arrive. So first, we'll wire up the Post show template -(`/app/views/posts/show.html.erb`) to let us make a new comment: +(`app/views/posts/show.html.erb`) to let us make a new comment: ```html+erb <p> @@ -1609,7 +1609,7 @@ So first, let's add the delete link in the Clicking this new "Destroy Comment" link will fire off a `DELETE /posts/:post_id/comments/:id` to our `CommentsController`, which can then use this to find the comment we want to delete, so let's add a destroy action to our -controller: +controller (`app/controllers/comments_controller.rb`): ```ruby class CommentsController < ApplicationController @@ -1667,7 +1667,7 @@ action if that method allows it. To use the authentication system, we specify it at the top of our `PostsController`, in this case, we want the user to be authenticated on every -action, except for `index` and `show`, so we write that: +action, except for `index` and `show`, so we write that in `app/controllers/posts_controller.rb`: ```ruby class PostsController < ApplicationController @@ -1682,7 +1682,7 @@ class PostsController < ApplicationController ``` We also only want to allow authenticated users to delete comments, so in the -`CommentsController` we write: +`CommentsController` (`app/controllers/comments_controller.rb`) we write: ```ruby class CommentsController < ApplicationController diff --git a/guides/source/i18n.md b/guides/source/i18n.md index e1cf21f039..1131b7f245 100644 --- a/guides/source/i18n.md +++ b/guides/source/i18n.md @@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ en: long: "%B %d, %Y" ``` -So, all of the following equivalent lookups will return the `:short` date format `"%B %d"`: +So, all of the following equivalent lookups will return the `:short` date format `"%b %d"`: ```ruby I18n.t 'date.formats.short' diff --git a/guides/source/migrations.md b/guides/source/migrations.md index 7c6c2ee18e..829cbf2873 100644 --- a/guides/source/migrations.md +++ b/guides/source/migrations.md @@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ no such migrations, it exits. It will run these migrations in order based on the date of the migration. Note that running the `db:migrate` also invokes the `db:schema:dump` task, which -will update your db/schema.rb file to match the structure of your database. +will update your `db/schema.rb` file to match the structure of your database. If you specify a target version, Active Record will run the required migrations (up, down or change) until it has reached the specified version. The version diff --git a/guides/source/routing.md b/guides/source/routing.md index 7d43854f2f..714c0b609e 100644 --- a/guides/source/routing.md +++ b/guides/source/routing.md @@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ The Rails router recognizes URLs and dispatches them to a controller's action. I ### Connecting URLs to Code -When your Rails application receives an incoming request +When your Rails application receives an incoming request for: ``` GET /patients/17 ``` -it asks the router to match it to a controller action. If the first matching route is +it asks the router to match it to a controller action. If the first matching route is: ```ruby get '/patients/:id', to: 'patients#show' @@ -36,23 +36,25 @@ the request is dispatched to the `patients` controller's `show` action with `{ i ### Generating Paths and URLs from Code -You can also generate paths and URLs. If the route above is modified to be +You can also generate paths and URLs. If the route above is modified to be: ```ruby get '/patients/:id', to: 'patients#show', as: 'patient' ``` -If your application contains this code: +and your application contains this code in the controller: ```ruby @patient = Patient.find(17) ``` +and this in the corresponding view: + ```erb <%= link_to 'Patient Record', patient_path(@patient) %> ``` -The router will generate the path `/patients/17`. This reduces the brittleness of your view and makes your code easier to understand. Note that the id does not need to be specified in the route helper. +then the router will generate the path `/patients/17`. This reduces the brittleness of your view and makes your code easier to understand. Note that the id does not need to be specified in the route helper. Resource Routing: the Rails Default ----------------------------------- @@ -63,13 +65,13 @@ Resource routing allows you to quickly declare all of the common routes for a gi Browsers request pages from Rails by making a request for a URL using a specific HTTP method, such as `GET`, `POST`, `PATCH`, `PUT` and `DELETE`. Each method is a request to perform an operation on the resource. A resource route maps a number of related requests to actions in a single controller. -When your Rails application receives an incoming request for +When your Rails application receives an incoming request for: ``` DELETE /photos/17 ``` -it asks the router to map it to a controller action. If the first matching route is +it asks the router to map it to a controller action. If the first matching route is: ```ruby resources :photos @@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ Rails would dispatch that request to the `destroy` method on the `photos` contro ### CRUD, Verbs, and Actions -In Rails, a resourceful route provides a mapping between HTTP verbs and URLs to controller actions. By convention, each action also maps to particular CRUD operations in a database. A single entry in the routing file, such as +In Rails, a resourceful route provides a mapping between HTTP verbs and URLs to controller actions. By convention, each action also maps to particular CRUD operations in a database. A single entry in the routing file, such as: ```ruby resources :photos @@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ resources :photos creates seven different routes in your application, all mapping to the `Photos` controller: -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | used for | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Used for | | --------- | ---------------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------- | | GET | /photos | index | display a list of all photos | | GET | /photos/new | new | return an HTML form for creating a new photo | @@ -97,9 +99,11 @@ creates seven different routes in your application, all mapping to the `Photos` | PATCH/PUT | /photos/:id | update | update a specific photo | | DELETE | /photos/:id | destroy | delete a specific photo | +NOTE: Because the router uses the HTTP verb and URL to match inbound requests, four URLs map to seven different actions. + NOTE: Rails routes are matched in the order they are specified, so if you have a `resources :photos` above a `get 'photos/poll'` the `show` action's route for the `resources` line will be matched before the `get` line. To fix this, move the `get` line **above** the `resources` line so that it is matched first. -### Paths and URLs +### Path and URL Helpers Creating a resourceful route will also expose a number of helpers to the controllers in your application. In the case of `resources :photos`: @@ -110,8 +114,6 @@ Creating a resourceful route will also expose a number of helpers to the control Each of these helpers has a corresponding `_url` helper (such as `photos_url`) which returns the same path prefixed with the current host, port and path prefix. -NOTE: Because the router uses the HTTP verb and URL to match inbound requests, four URLs map to seven different actions. - ### Defining Multiple Resources at the Same Time If you need to create routes for more than one resource, you can save a bit of typing by defining them all with a single call to `resources`: @@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ If you need to create routes for more than one resource, you can save a bit of t resources :photos, :books, :videos ``` -This works exactly the same as +This works exactly the same as: ```ruby resources :photos @@ -130,13 +132,13 @@ resources :videos ### Singular Resources -Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID. For example, you would like `/profile` to always show the profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource to map `/profile` (rather than `/profile/:id`) to the `show` action. +Sometimes, you have a resource that clients always look up without referencing an ID. For example, you would like `/profile` to always show the profile of the currently logged in user. In this case, you can use a singular resource to map `/profile` (rather than `/profile/:id`) to the `show` action: ```ruby get 'profile', to: 'users#show' ``` -This resourceful route +This resourceful route: ```ruby resource :geocoder @@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ resource :geocoder creates six different routes in your application, all mapping to the `Geocoders` controller: -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | used for | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Used for | | --------- | -------------- | ------- | --------------------------------------------- | | GET | /geocoder/new | new | return an HTML form for creating the geocoder | | POST | /geocoder | create | create the new geocoder | @@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ end This will create a number of routes for each of the `posts` and `comments` controller. For `Admin::PostsController`, Rails will create: -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | used for | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Used for | | --------- | --------------------- | ------- | ------------------------- | | GET | /admin/posts | index | admin_posts_path | | GET | /admin/posts/new | new | new_admin_post_path | @@ -185,7 +187,7 @@ This will create a number of routes for each of the `posts` and `comments` contr | PATCH/PUT | /admin/posts/:id | update | admin_post_path(:id) | | DELETE | /admin/posts/:id | destroy | admin_post_path(:id) | -If you want to route `/posts` (without the prefix `/admin`) to `Admin::PostsController`, you could use +If you want to route `/posts` (without the prefix `/admin`) to `Admin::PostsController`, you could use: ```ruby scope module: 'admin' do @@ -193,13 +195,13 @@ scope module: 'admin' do end ``` -or, for a single case +or, for a single case: ```ruby resources :posts, module: 'admin' ``` -If you want to route `/admin/posts` to `PostsController` (without the `Admin::` module prefix), you could use +If you want to route `/admin/posts` to `PostsController` (without the `Admin::` module prefix), you could use: ```ruby scope '/admin' do @@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ scope '/admin' do end ``` -or, for a single case +or, for a single case: ```ruby resources :posts, path: '/admin/posts' @@ -215,7 +217,7 @@ resources :posts, path: '/admin/posts' In each of these cases, the named routes remain the same as if you did not use `scope`. In the last case, the following paths map to `PostsController`: -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | named helper | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Named Helper | | --------- | --------------------- | ------- | ------------------- | | GET | /admin/posts | index | posts_path | | GET | /admin/posts/new | new | new_post_path | @@ -249,7 +251,7 @@ end In addition to the routes for magazines, this declaration will also route ads to an `AdsController`. The ad URLs require a magazine: -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | used for | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Used for | | --------- | ------------------------------------ | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | GET | /magazines/:magazine_id/ads | index | display a list of all ads for a specific magazine | | GET | /magazines/:magazine_id/ads/new | new | return an HTML form for creating a new ad belonging to a specific magazine | @@ -273,7 +275,7 @@ resources :publishers do end ``` -Deeply-nested resources quickly become cumbersome. In this case, for example, the application would recognize paths such as +Deeply-nested resources quickly become cumbersome. In this case, for example, the application would recognize paths such as: ``` /publishers/1/magazines/2/photos/3 @@ -283,9 +285,94 @@ The corresponding route helper would be `publisher_magazine_photo_url`, requirin TIP: _Resources should never be nested more than 1 level deep._ +#### Shallow Nesting + +One way to avoid deep nesting (as recommended above) is to generate the collection actions scoped under the parent, so as to get a sense of the hierarchy, but to not nest the member actions. In other words, to only build routes with the minimal amount of information to uniquely identify the resource, like this: + +```ruby +resources :posts do + resources :comments, only: [:index, :new, :create] +end +resources :comments, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] +``` + +This idea strikes a balance between descriptive routes and deep nesting. There exists shorthand syntax to achieve just that, via the `:shallow` option: + +```ruby +resources :posts do + resources :comments, shallow: true +end +``` + +This will generate the exact same routes as the first example. You can also specify the `:shallow` option in the parent resource, in which case all of the nested resources will be shallow: + +```ruby +resources :posts, shallow: true do + resources :comments + resources :quotes + resources :drafts +end +``` + +The `shallow` method of the DSL creates a scope inside of which every nesting is shallow. This generates the same routes as the previous example: + +```ruby +shallow do + resources :posts do + resources :comments + resources :quotes + resources :drafts + end +end +``` + +There exists two options for `scope` to customize shallow routes. `:shallow_path` prefixes member paths with the specified parameter: + +```ruby +scope shallow_path: "sekret" do + resources :posts do + resources :comments, shallow: true + end +end +``` + +The comments resource here will have the following routes generated for it: + +| HTTP Verb | Path | Named Helper | +| --------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------- | +| GET | /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) | post_comments | +| POST | /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) | post_comments | +| GET | /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format) | new_post_comment | +| GET | /sekret/comments/:id/edit(.:format) | edit_comment | +| GET | /sekret/comments/:id(.:format) | comment | +| PATCH/PUT | /sekret/comments/:id(.:format) | comment | +| DELETE | /sekret/comments/:id(.:format) | comment | + +The `:shallow_prefix` option adds the specified parameter to the named helpers: + +```ruby +scope shallow_prefix: "sekret" do + resources :posts do + resources :comments, shallow: true + end +end +``` + +The comments resource here will have the following routes generated for it: + +| HTTP Verb | Path | Named Helper | +| --------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------- | +| GET | /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) | post_comments | +| POST | /posts/:post_id/comments(.:format) | post_comments | +| GET | /posts/:post_id/comments/new(.:format) | new_post_comment | +| GET | /comments/:id/edit(.:format) | edit_sekret_comment | +| GET | /comments/:id(.:format) | sekret_comment | +| PATCH/PUT | /comments/:id(.:format) | sekret_comment | +| DELETE | /comments/:id(.:format) | sekret_comment | + ### Routing concerns -Routing Concerns allows you to declare common routes that can be reused inside others resources and routes. +Routing Concerns allows you to declare common routes that can be reused inside others resources and routes. To define a concern: ```ruby concern :commentable do @@ -297,7 +384,7 @@ concern :image_attachable do end ``` -These concerns can be used in resources to avoid code duplication and share behavior across routes. +These concerns can be used in resources to avoid code duplication and share behavior across routes: ```ruby resources :messages, concerns: :commentable @@ -305,6 +392,19 @@ resources :messages, concerns: :commentable resources :posts, concerns: [:commentable, :image_attachable] ``` +The above is equivalent to: + +```ruby +resources :messages do + resources :comments +end + +resources :posts do + resources :comments + resources :images, only: :index +end +``` + Also you can use them in any place that you want inside the routes, for example in a scope or namespace call: ```ruby @@ -323,7 +423,7 @@ resources :magazines do end ``` -When using `magazine_ad_path`, you can pass in instances of `Magazine` and `Ad` instead of the numeric IDs. +When using `magazine_ad_path`, you can pass in instances of `Magazine` and `Ad` instead of the numeric IDs: ```erb <%= link_to 'Ad details', magazine_ad_path(@magazine, @ad) %> @@ -415,9 +515,7 @@ end This will enable Rails to recognize paths such as `/comments/new/preview` with GET, and route to the `preview` action of `CommentsController`. It will also create the `preview_new_comment_url` and `preview_new_comment_path` route helpers. -#### A Note of Caution - -If you find yourself adding many extra actions to a resourceful route, it's time to stop and ask yourself whether you're disguising the presence of another resource. +TIP: If you find yourself adding many extra actions to a resourceful route, it's time to stop and ask yourself whether you're disguising the presence of another resource. Non-Resourceful Routes ---------------------- @@ -454,11 +552,11 @@ NOTE: You can't use `:namespace` or `:module` with a `:controller` path segment. get ':controller(/:action(/:id))', controller: /admin\/[^\/]+/ ``` -TIP: By default dynamic segments don't accept dots - this is because the dot is used as a separator for formatted routes. If you need to use a dot within a dynamic segment, add a constraint that overrides this – for example, `id: /[^\/]+/` allows anything except a slash. +TIP: By default, dynamic segments don't accept dots - this is because the dot is used as a separator for formatted routes. If you need to use a dot within a dynamic segment, add a constraint that overrides this – for example, `id: /[^\/]+/` allows anything except a slash. ### Static Segments -You can specify static segments when creating a route: +You can specify static segments when creating a route by not prepending a colon to a fragment: ```ruby get ':controller/:action/:id/with_user/:user_id' @@ -496,7 +594,7 @@ Rails would match `photos/12` to the `show` action of `PhotosController`, and se ### Naming Routes -You can specify a name for any route using the `:as` option. +You can specify a name for any route using the `:as` option: ```ruby get 'exit', to: 'sessions#destroy', as: :logout @@ -526,7 +624,7 @@ You can match all verbs to a particular route using `via: :all`: match 'photos', to: 'photos#show', via: :all ``` -You should avoid routing all verbs to an action unless you have a good reason to, as routing both `GET` requests and `POST` requests to a single action has security implications. +NOTE: Routing both `GET` and `POST` requests to a single action has security implications. In general, you should avoid routing all verbs to an action unless you have a good reason to. ### Segment Constraints @@ -536,7 +634,7 @@ You can use the `:constraints` option to enforce a format for a dynamic segment: get 'photos/:id', to: 'photos#show', constraints: { id: /[A-Z]\d{5}/ } ``` -This route would match paths such as `/photos/A12345`. You can more succinctly express the same route this way: +This route would match paths such as `/photos/A12345`, but not `/photos/893`. You can more succinctly express the same route this way: ```ruby get 'photos/:id', to: 'photos#show', id: /[A-Z]\d{5}/ @@ -609,17 +707,17 @@ end Both the `matches?` method and the lambda gets the `request` object as an argument. -### Route Globbing +### Route Globbing and Wildcard Segments -Route globbing is a way to specify that a particular parameter should be matched to all the remaining parts of a route. For example +Route globbing is a way to specify that a particular parameter should be matched to all the remaining parts of a route. For example: ```ruby get 'photos/*other', to: 'photos#unknown' ``` -This route would match `photos/12` or `/photos/long/path/to/12`, setting `params[:other]` to `"12"` or `"long/path/to/12"`. +This route would match `photos/12` or `/photos/long/path/to/12`, setting `params[:other]` to `"12"` or `"long/path/to/12"`. The fragments prefixed with a star are called "wildcard segments". -Wildcard segments can occur anywhere in a route. For example, +Wildcard segments can occur anywhere in a route. For example: ```ruby get 'books/*section/:title', to: 'books#show' @@ -627,7 +725,7 @@ get 'books/*section/:title', to: 'books#show' would match `books/some/section/last-words-a-memoir` with `params[:section]` equals `'some/section'`, and `params[:title]` equals `'last-words-a-memoir'`. -Technically a route can have even more than one wildcard segment. The matcher assigns segments to parameters in an intuitive way. For example, +Technically, a route can have even more than one wildcard segment. The matcher assigns segments to parameters in an intuitive way. For example: ```ruby get '*a/foo/*b', to: 'test#index' @@ -635,7 +733,7 @@ get '*a/foo/*b', to: 'test#index' would match `zoo/woo/foo/bar/baz` with `params[:a]` equals `'zoo/woo'`, and `params[:b]` equals `'bar/baz'`. -NOTE: Starting from Rails 3.1, wildcard routes will always match the optional format segment by default. For example if you have this route: +NOTE: Starting from Rails 3.1, wildcard segments will always match the optional format segment by default. For example if you have this route: ```ruby get '*pages', to: 'pages#show' @@ -680,7 +778,7 @@ In all of these cases, if you don't provide the leading host (`http://www.exampl ### Routing to Rack Applications -Instead of a String, like `'posts#index'`, which corresponds to the `index` action in the `PostsController`, you can specify any <a href="rails_on_rack.html">Rack application</a> as the endpoint for a matcher. +Instead of a String like `'posts#index'`, which corresponds to the `index` action in the `PostsController`, you can specify any <a href="rails_on_rack.html">Rack application</a> as the endpoint for a matcher: ```ruby match '/application.js', to: Sprockets, via: :all @@ -705,7 +803,7 @@ NOTE: The `root` route only routes `GET` requests to the action. ### Unicode character routes -You can specify unicode character routes directly. For example +You can specify unicode character routes directly. For example: ```ruby get 'こんにちは', to: 'welcome#index' @@ -726,7 +824,7 @@ resources :photos, controller: 'images' will recognize incoming paths beginning with `/photos` but route to the `Images` controller: -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | named helper | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Named Helper | | --------- | ---------------- | ------- | -------------------- | | GET | /photos | index | photos_path | | GET | /photos/new | new | new_photo_path | @@ -771,7 +869,7 @@ resources :photos, as: 'images' will recognize incoming paths beginning with `/photos` and route the requests to `PhotosController`, but use the value of the :as option to name the helpers. -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | named helper | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Named Helper | | --------- | ---------------- | ------- | -------------------- | | GET | /photos | index | images_path | | GET | /photos/new | new | new_image_path | @@ -789,7 +887,7 @@ The `:path_names` option lets you override the automatically-generated "new" and resources :photos, path_names: { new: 'make', edit: 'change' } ``` -This would cause the routing to recognize paths such as +This would cause the routing to recognize paths such as: ``` /photos/make @@ -808,7 +906,7 @@ end ### Prefixing the Named Route Helpers -You can use the `:as` option to prefix the named route helpers that Rails generates for a route. Use this option to prevent name collisions between routes using a path scope. +You can use the `:as` option to prefix the named route helpers that Rails generates for a route. Use this option to prevent name collisions between routes using a path scope. For example: ```ruby scope 'admin' do @@ -876,7 +974,7 @@ end Rails now creates routes to the `CategoriesController`. -| HTTP Verb | Path | action | used for | +| HTTP Verb | Path | Action | Used for | | --------- | -------------------------- | ------- | ----------------------- | | GET | /kategorien | index | categories_path | | GET | /kategorien/neu | new | new_category_path | @@ -888,7 +986,7 @@ Rails now creates routes to the `CategoriesController`. ### Overriding the Singular Form -If you want to define the singular form of a resource, you should add additional rules to the `Inflector`. +If you want to define the singular form of a resource, you should add additional rules to the `Inflector`: ```ruby ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections do |inflect| @@ -898,7 +996,7 @@ end ### Using `:as` in Nested Resources -The `:as` option overrides the automatically-generated name for the resource in nested route helpers. For example, +The `:as` option overrides the automatically-generated name for the resource in nested route helpers. For example: ```ruby resources :magazines do @@ -913,7 +1011,7 @@ Inspecting and Testing Routes Rails offers facilities for inspecting and testing your routes. -### Seeing Existing Routes +### Listing Existing Routes To get a complete list of the available routes in your application, visit `http://localhost:3000/rails/info/routes` in your browser while your server is running in the **development** environment. You can also execute the `rake routes` command in your terminal to produce the same output. @@ -951,7 +1049,7 @@ Routes should be included in your testing strategy (just like the rest of your a #### The `assert_generates` Assertion -`assert_generates` asserts that a particular set of options generate a particular path and can be used with default routes or custom routes. +`assert_generates` asserts that a particular set of options generate a particular path and can be used with default routes or custom routes. For example: ```ruby assert_generates '/photos/1', { controller: 'photos', action: 'show', id: '1' } @@ -960,7 +1058,7 @@ assert_generates '/about', controller: 'pages', action: 'about' #### The `assert_recognizes` Assertion -`assert_recognizes` is the inverse of `assert_generates`. It asserts that a given path is recognized and routes it to a particular spot in your application. +`assert_recognizes` is the inverse of `assert_generates`. It asserts that a given path is recognized and routes it to a particular spot in your application. For example: ```ruby assert_recognizes({ controller: 'photos', action: 'show', id: '1' }, '/photos/1') @@ -974,7 +1072,7 @@ assert_recognizes({ controller: 'photos', action: 'create' }, { path: 'photos', #### The `assert_routing` Assertion -The `assert_routing` assertion checks the route both ways: it tests that the path generates the options, and that the options generate the path. Thus, it combines the functions of `assert_generates` and `assert_recognizes`. +The `assert_routing` assertion checks the route both ways: it tests that the path generates the options, and that the options generate the path. Thus, it combines the functions of `assert_generates` and `assert_recognizes`: ```ruby assert_routing({ path: 'photos', method: :post }, { controller: 'photos', action: 'create' }) diff --git a/guides/source/ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.md b/guides/source/ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.md index 6e3173cdb4..2c3bc686ef 100644 --- a/guides/source/ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.md +++ b/guides/source/ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.md @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ HTML Guides ### Generation -To generate all the guides, just `cd` into the **`guides`** directory and execute: +To generate all the guides, just `cd` into the **`guides`** directory, run `bundle install` and execute: ``` bundle exec rake guides:generate @@ -74,8 +74,6 @@ or bundle exec rake guides:generate:html ``` -(You may need to run `bundle install` first to install the required gems.) - To process `my_guide.md` and nothing else use the `ONLY` environment variable: ``` |
