Merge commit 'rails/master'

41 files changed, 227 insertions, 77 deletions

diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
index 5797282b41..46a175d2fa 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
@@ -64,8 +64,7 @@ module ActionController
       filter
     end
 
-    ActionController.run_base_hooks(self)
-
+    ActiveSupport.run_load_hooks(:action_controller, self)
   end
 end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated/base.rb
index bbde570ca9..2fd60aacc7 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/deprecated/base.rb
@@ -66,6 +66,18 @@ module ActionController
         Rails.application.config.action_dispatch.ip_spoofing_check
       end
 
+      def cookie_verifier_secret=(value)
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "ActionController::Base.cookie_verifier_secret= is deprecated. " <<
+          "Please configure it on your application with config.cookie_secret=", caller
+        ActionController::Base.config.secret = value
+      end
+
+      def cookie_verifier_secret
+        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "ActionController::Base.cookie_verifier_secret is deprecated. " <<
+          "Please use ActionController::Base.config.secret instead.", caller
+        ActionController::Base.config.secret
+      end
+
       def trusted_proxies=(value)
         ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "ActionController::Base.trusted_proxies= is deprecated. " <<
           "Please configure it on your application with config.action_dispatch.trusted_proxies=", caller
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/cookies.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/cookies.rb
index 7aa687b52c..75e5d40a63 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/cookies.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/cookies.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
 
     included do
       helper_method :cookies
-      cattr_accessor :cookie_verifier_secret
     end
     
     private
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb
index 6ec788f302..424828f7e8 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require 'active_support/base64'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionController
   module HttpAuthentication
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb
index d906e1fb5b..aebd71e867 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionController
   def self.add_renderer(key, &block)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railtie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railtie.rb
index 0ec89928af..29d8523ee1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railtie.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railtie.rb
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module ActionController
     log_subscriber :action_controller, ActionController::Railties::LogSubscriber.new
 
     initializer "action_controller.logger" do
-      ActionController.base_hook { self.logger ||= Rails.logger }
+      ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) { self.logger ||= Rails.logger }
     end
 
     initializer "action_controller.set_configs" do |app|
@@ -53,23 +53,23 @@ module ActionController
       ac.stylesheets_dir = paths.public.stylesheets.to_a.first
       ac.secret          = app.config.cookie_secret
 
-      ActionController.base_hook do
+      ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
         self.config.merge!(ac)
       end
     end
 
     initializer "action_controller.initialize_framework_caches" do
-      ActionController.base_hook { self.cache_store ||= RAILS_CACHE }
+      ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) { self.cache_store ||= RAILS_CACHE }
     end
 
     initializer "action_controller.set_helpers_path" do |app|
-      ActionController.base_hook do
+      ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
         self.helpers_path = app.config.paths.app.helpers.to_a
       end
     end
 
     initializer "action_controller.url_helpers" do |app|
-      ActionController.base_hook do
+      ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_controller) do
         extend ::ActionController::Railties::UrlHelpers.with(app.routes)
       end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/log_subscriber.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/log_subscriber.rb
index c2299d0b05..00ac3bdf67 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/log_subscriber.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/log_subscriber.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionController
   module Railties
     class LogSubscriber < Rails::LogSubscriber
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/url_helpers.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/url_helpers.rb
index 5f95e1c621..9df5665542 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/url_helpers.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/railties/url_helpers.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 module ActionController
   module Railties
     module UrlHelpers
-      def self.with(router)
+      def self.with(routes)
         Module.new do
           define_method(:inherited) do |klass|
             super(klass)
-            klass.send(:include, router.url_helpers)
+            klass.send(:include, routes.url_helpers)
           end
         end
       end
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb
index 3f966b1b64..7fdaffe3eb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/record_identifier.rb
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ module ActionController
     # method that replaces all characters that are invalid inside DOM ids, with valid ones. You need to
     # make sure yourself that your dom ids are valid, in case you overwrite this method.
     def record_key_for_dom_id(record)
-      return record.id unless record.respond_to?(:to_model)
-      key = record.to_model.to_key
+      record = record.to_model if record.respond_to?(:to_model)
+      key = record.to_key
       key ? sanitize_dom_id(key.join('_')) : key
     end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
index 120f34460e..2d4cf2fafb 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/test_case.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require 'rack/session/abstract/id'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionController
   module TemplateAssertions
@@ -117,9 +118,9 @@ module ActionController
       end
     end
 
-    def assign_parameters(router, controller_path, action, parameters = {})
+    def assign_parameters(routes, controller_path, action, parameters = {})
       parameters = parameters.symbolize_keys.merge(:controller => controller_path, :action => action)
-      extra_keys = router.extra_keys(parameters)
+      extra_keys = routes.extra_keys(parameters)
       non_path_parameters = get? ? query_parameters : request_parameters
       parameters.each do |key, value|
         if value.is_a? Fixnum
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ module ActionController
     def process(action, parameters = nil, session = nil, flash = nil, http_method = 'GET')
       # Sanity check for required instance variables so we can give an
       # understandable error message.
-      %w(@router @controller @request @response).each do |iv_name|
+      %w(@routes @controller @request @response).each do |iv_name|
         if !(instance_variable_names.include?(iv_name) || instance_variable_names.include?(iv_name.to_sym)) || instance_variable_get(iv_name).nil?
           raise "#{iv_name} is nil: make sure you set it in your test's setup method."
         end
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ module ActionController
       @request.env['REQUEST_METHOD'] = http_method
 
       parameters ||= {}
-      @request.assign_parameters(@router, @controller.class.name.underscore.sub(/_controller$/, ''), action.to_s, parameters)
+      @request.assign_parameters(@routes, @controller.class.name.underscore.sub(/_controller$/, ''), action.to_s, parameters)
 
       @request.session = ActionController::TestSession.new(session) unless session.nil?
       @request.session["flash"] = @request.flash.update(flash || {})
@@ -446,7 +447,7 @@ module ActionController
             :relative_url_root => nil,
             :_path_segments => @request.symbolized_path_parameters)
 
-          url, query_string = @router.url_for(options).split("?", 2)
+          url, query_string = @routes.url_for(options).split("?", 2)
 
           @request.env["SCRIPT_NAME"] = @controller.config.relative_url_root
           @request.env["PATH_INFO"] = url
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb
index d2404e63c5..9b9e81440b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/cache.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
     module Cache
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb
index e42b4d09b0..152aaa2e67 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/filter_parameters.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable'
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb
index fec250e928..be89924015 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_negotiation.rb
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #
       # For backward compatibility, the post \format is extracted from the
       # X-Post-Data-Format HTTP header if present.
-      def content_type
+      def content_mime_type
         @env["action_dispatch.request.content_type"] ||= begin
           if @env['CONTENT_TYPE'] =~ /^([^,\;]*)/
             Mime::Type.lookup($1.strip.downcase)
@@ -15,13 +15,17 @@ module ActionDispatch
         end
       end
 
+      def content_type
+        content_mime_type && content_mime_type.to_s
+      end
+
       # Returns the accepted MIME type for the request.
       def accepts
         @env["action_dispatch.request.accepts"] ||= begin
           header = @env['HTTP_ACCEPT'].to_s.strip
 
           if header.empty?
-            [content_type]
+            [content_mime_type]
           else
             Mime::Type.parse(header)
           end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
index 3f1a77295d..d6a805bf3b 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/mime_type.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 require 'set'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute_accessors'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module Mime
   class Mimes < Array
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
index ea9f0f99c2..8b8426b5aa 100755
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb
@@ -96,11 +96,11 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def forgery_whitelisted?
-      method == :get || xhr? || content_type.nil? || !content_type.verify_request?
+      method == :get || xhr? || content_mime_type.nil? || !content_mime_type.verify_request?
     end
 
     def media_type
-      content_type.to_s
+      content_mime_type.to_s
     end
 
     # Returns the content length of the request as an integer.
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
     end
 
     def form_data?
-      FORM_DATA_MEDIA_TYPES.include?(content_type.to_s)
+      FORM_DATA_MEDIA_TYPES.include?(content_mime_type.to_s)
     end
 
     def body_stream #:nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
index 9cfe5a5ea9..362e5ec970 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/response.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 require 'digest/md5'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/module/delegation'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionDispatch # :nodoc:
   # Represents an HTTP response generated by a controller action. One can use
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb
index dc6121b911..81d2517304 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/upload.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionDispatch
   module Http
     module UploadedFile
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb
index ab7130ab08..cb0d12cab1 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb
@@ -168,12 +168,12 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
     class SignedCookieJar < CookieJar #:nodoc:
       def initialize(parent_jar)
-        unless ActionController::Base.cookie_verifier_secret
-          raise "You must set ActionController::Base.cookie_verifier_secret to use signed cookies"
+        unless ActionController::Base.config.secret
+          raise "You must set ActionController::Base.config.secret"
         end
 
         @parent_jar = parent_jar
-        @verifier = ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.new(ActionController::Base.cookie_verifier_secret)
+        @verifier = ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier.new(ActionController::Base.config.secret)
       end
 
       def [](name)
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
index f4c4324fb0..18a3688bb0 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
         return false if request.content_length.zero?
 
-        mime_type = content_type_from_legacy_post_data_format_header(env) || request.content_type
+        mime_type = content_type_from_legacy_post_data_format_header(env) ||
+          request.content_mime_type
+
         strategy = @parsers[mime_type]
 
         return false unless strategy
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
         raise
           { "body"           => request.raw_post,
-            "content_type"   => request.content_type,
+            "content_type"   => request.content_mime_type,
             "content_length" => request.content_length,
             "exception"      => "#{e.message} (#{e.class})",
             "backtrace"      => e.backtrace }
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
index 311880cabc..dddedc832f 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/abstract_store.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 require 'rack/utils'
 require 'rack/request'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Session
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
index 22da82479e..3331b7c25e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/session/cookie_store.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/keys'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Session
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/deprecated_mapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/deprecated_mapper.rb
index 58beaf4824..e8c2e74314 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/deprecated_mapper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/deprecated_mapper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
     class RouteSet
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
index 39260f7ff9..74d0297898 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/except'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionDispatch
   module Routing
@@ -258,6 +259,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
         def scope(*args)
           options = args.extract_options!
+          options = options.dup
 
           case args.first
           when String
@@ -423,8 +425,13 @@ module ActionDispatch
             singular
           end
 
+          # Checks for uncountable plurals, and appends "_index" if they're.
           def collection_name
-            plural
+            uncountable? ? "#{plural}_index" : plural
+          end
+
+          def uncountable?
+            singular == plural
           end
 
           def name_for_action(action)
@@ -439,6 +446,32 @@ module ActionDispatch
           def id_segment
             ":#{singular}_id"
           end
+
+          def constraints
+            options[:constraints] || {}
+          end
+
+          def id_constraint?
+            options[:id] && options[:id].is_a?(Regexp) || constraints[:id] && constraints[:id].is_a?(Regexp)
+          end
+
+          def id_constraint
+            options[:id] || constraints[:id]
+          end
+
+          def collection_options
+            (options || {}).dup.tap do |options|
+              options.delete(:id)
+              options[:constraints] = options[:constraints].dup if options[:constraints]
+              options[:constraints].delete(:id) if options[:constraints].is_a?(Hash)
+            end
+          end
+
+          def nested_options
+            options = { :name_prefix => member_name }
+            options["#{singular}_id".to_sym] = id_constraint if id_constraint?
+            options
+          end
         end
 
         class SingletonResource < Resource #:nodoc:
@@ -483,12 +516,14 @@ module ActionDispatch
                 yield if block_given?
               end
 
-              get    :show if resource.actions.include?(:show)
-              post   :create if resource.actions.include?(:create)
-              put    :update if resource.actions.include?(:update)
-              delete :destroy if resource.actions.include?(:destroy)
-              get    :new, :as => resource.name if resource.actions.include?(:new)
-              get    :edit, :as => resource.name if resource.actions.include?(:edit)
+              scope(resource.options) do
+                get    :show if resource.actions.include?(:show)
+                post   :create if resource.actions.include?(:create)
+                put    :update if resource.actions.include?(:update)
+                delete :destroy if resource.actions.include?(:destroy)
+                get    :new, :as => resource.name if resource.actions.include?(:new)
+                get    :edit, :as => resource.name if resource.actions.include?(:edit)
+              end
             end
           end
 
@@ -509,17 +544,21 @@ module ActionDispatch
               yield if block_given?
 
               with_scope_level(:collection) do
-                get  :index if resource.actions.include?(:index)
-                post :create if resource.actions.include?(:create)
-                get  :new, :as => resource.singular if resource.actions.include?(:new)
+                scope(resource.collection_options) do
+                  get  :index if resource.actions.include?(:index)
+                  post :create if resource.actions.include?(:create)
+                  get  :new, :as => resource.singular if resource.actions.include?(:new)
+                end
               end
 
               with_scope_level(:member) do
                 scope(':id') do
-                  get    :show if resource.actions.include?(:show)
-                  put    :update if resource.actions.include?(:update)
-                  delete :destroy if resource.actions.include?(:destroy)
-                  get    :edit, :as => resource.singular if resource.actions.include?(:edit)
+                  scope(resource.options) do
+                    get    :show if resource.actions.include?(:show)
+                    put    :update if resource.actions.include?(:update)
+                    delete :destroy if resource.actions.include?(:destroy)
+                    get    :edit, :as => resource.singular if resource.actions.include?(:edit)
+                  end
                 end
               end
             end
@@ -558,7 +597,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           end
 
           with_scope_level(:nested) do
-            scope(parent_resource.id_segment, :name_prefix => parent_resource.member_name) do
+            scope(parent_resource.id_segment, parent_resource.nested_options) do
               yield
             end
           end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb
index 1bb81ede3b..b7e9b0c95a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/assertions/routing.rb
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
         expected_path = "/#{expected_path}" unless expected_path[0] == ?/
         # Load routes.rb if it hasn't been loaded.
 
-        generated_path, extra_keys = @router.generate_extras(options, defaults)
+        generated_path, extra_keys = @routes.generate_extras(options, defaults)
         found_extras = options.reject {|k, v| ! extra_keys.include? k}
 
         msg = build_message(message, "found extras <?>, not <?>", found_extras, extras)
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
       end
 
       # A helper to make it easier to test different route configurations.
-      # This method temporarily replaces @router
+      # This method temporarily replaces @routes
       # with a new RouteSet instance.
       #
       # The new instance is yielded to the passed block. Typically the block
@@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ module ActionDispatch
       #   end
       #
       def with_routing
-        old_routes, @router = @router, ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new
+        old_routes, @routes = @routes, ActionDispatch::Routing::RouteSet.new
         old_controller, @controller = @controller, @controller.clone if @controller
-        _router = @router
+        _routes = @routes
 
         # Unfortunately, there is currently an abstraction leak between AC::Base
         # and AV::Base which requires having the URL helpers in both AC and AV.
@@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ module ActionDispatch
         #
         # TODO: Make this unnecessary
         if @controller
-          @controller.singleton_class.send(:include, _router.url_helpers)
+          @controller.singleton_class.send(:include, _routes.url_helpers)
           @controller.view_context_class = Class.new(@controller.view_context_class) do
-            include _router.url_helpers
+            include _routes.url_helpers
           end
         end
-        yield @router
+        yield @routes
       ensure
-        @router = old_routes
+        @routes = old_routes
         if @controller
           @controller = old_controller
         end
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
 
       # ROUTES TODO: These assertions should really work in an integration context
       def method_missing(selector, *args, &block)
-        if @controller && @router.named_routes.helpers.include?(selector)
+        if @controller && @routes && @routes.named_routes.helpers.include?(selector)
           @controller.send(selector, *args, &block)
         else
           super
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ module ActionDispatch
           request.env["REQUEST_METHOD"] = request_method.to_s.upcase if request_method
           request.path = path
 
-          params = @router.recognize_path(path, { :method => request.method })
+          params = @routes.recognize_path(path, { :method => request.method })
           request.path_parameters = params.with_indifferent_access
 
           request
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/performance_test.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/performance_test.rb
index 1b9a6c18b7..33a5c68b9d 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/performance_test.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/performance_test.rb
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 require 'active_support/testing/performance'
 require 'active_support/testing/default'
 
-if defined?(ActiveSupport::Testing::Performance)
+begin
   module ActionDispatch
     # An integration test that runs a code profiler on your test methods.
     # Profiling output for combinations of each test method, measurement, and
@@ -14,4 +14,6 @@ if defined?(ActiveSupport::Testing::Performance)
       include ActiveSupport::Testing::Default
     end
   end
+rescue NameError
+  $stderr.puts "Specify ruby-prof as application's dependency in Gemfile to run benchmarks."
 end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb
index 20288aa7a5..090e03cf44 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/testing/test_request.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionDispatch
   class TestRequest < Request
     DEFAULT_ENV = Rack::MockRequest.env_for('/')
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb
index 919b1e3470..a9b0715b2e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
       delegate :logger, :to => 'ActionController::Base', :allow_nil => true
     end
 
-    ActionView.run_base_hooks(self)
+    ActiveSupport.run_load_hooks(:action_view, self)
 
     attr_accessor :base_path, :assigns, :template_extension, :lookup_context
     attr_internal :captures, :request, :controller, :template, :config
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_model_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_model_helper.rb
index 80b3d3a664..44e193f18e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_model_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_model_helper.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionView
-  ActionView.base_hook do
+  ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_view) do
     class ActionView::Base
       @@field_error_proc = Proc.new{ |html_tag, instance| "<div class=\"fieldWithErrors\">#{html_tag}</div>".html_safe }
       cattr_accessor :field_error_proc
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ module ActionView
       end
 
       # Returns a string containing the error message attached to the +method+ on the +object+ if one exists.
-      # This error message is wrapped in a <tt>DIV</tt> tag, which can be extended to include a <tt>:prepend_text</tt>
-      # and/or <tt>:append_text</tt> (to properly explain the error), and a <tt>:css_class</tt> to style it
-      # accordingly. +object+ should either be the name of an instance variable or the actual object. The method can be
-      # passed in either as a string or a symbol.
+      # This error message is wrapped in a <tt>DIV</tt> tag by default or with <tt>:html_tag</tt> if specified,
+      # which can be extended to include a <tt>:prepend_text</tt> and/or <tt>:append_text</tt> (to properly explain
+      # the error), and a <tt>:css_class</tt> to style it accordingly. +object+ should either be the name of an
+      # instance variable or the actual object. The method can be passed in either as a string or a symbol.
       # As an example, let's say you have a model <tt>@post</tt> that has an error message on the +title+ attribute:
       #
       #   <%= error_message_on "post", "title" %>
@@ -112,25 +112,28 @@ module ActionView
       #   <%= error_message_on "post", "title",
       #       :prepend_text => "Title simply ",
       #       :append_text => " (or it won't work).",
+      #       :html_tag => "span",
       #       :css_class => "inputError" %>
+      #   # => <span class="inputError">Title simply can't be empty (or it won't work).</span>
       def error_message_on(object, method, *args)
         options = args.extract_options!
         unless args.empty?
           ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn('error_message_on takes an option hash instead of separate ' +
-            'prepend_text, append_text, and css_class arguments', caller)
+            'prepend_text, append_text, html_tag, and css_class arguments', caller)
 
           options[:prepend_text] = args[0] || ''
           options[:append_text] = args[1] || ''
-          options[:css_class] = args[2] || 'formError'
+          options[:html_tag] = args[2] || 'div'
+          options[:css_class] = args[3] || 'formError'
         end
-        options.reverse_merge!(:prepend_text => '', :append_text => '', :css_class => 'formError')
+        options.reverse_merge!(:prepend_text => '', :append_text => '', :html_tag => 'div', :css_class => 'formError')
 
         object = convert_to_model(object)
 
         if (obj = (object.respond_to?(:errors) ? object : instance_variable_get("@#{object}"))) &&
           (errors = obj.errors[method]).presence
-          content_tag("div",
-            "#{options[:prepend_text]}#{ERB::Util.h(errors.first)}#{options[:append_text]}".html_safe,
+          content_tag(options[:html_tag],
+            (options[:prepend_text].html_safe << errors.first).safe_concat(options[:append_text]),
             :class => options[:css_class]
           )
         else
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb
index 02ad41719b..e4ec17467e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ module ActionView
     #     "http://asset%d.example.com", "https://asset1.example.com"
     #   )
     #
-    # === Using asset timestamps
+    # === Customizing the asset path
     #
     # By default, Rails appends asset's timestamps to all asset paths. This allows
     # you to set a cache-expiration date for the asset far into the future, but
@@ -133,6 +133,65 @@ module ActionView
     # will request the same assets over and over again even thought they didn't
     # change. You can use something like Live HTTP Headers for Firefox to verify
     # that the cache is indeed working.
+    #
+    # This strategy works well enough for most server setups and requires the
+    # least configuration, but if you deploy several application servers at
+    # different times - say to handle a temporary spike in load - then the
+    # asset time stamps will be out of sync. In a setup like this you may want
+    # to set the way that asset paths are generated yourself.
+    #
+    # Altering the asset paths that Rails generates can be done in two ways.
+    # The easiest is to define the RAILS_ASSET_ID environment variable. The
+    # contents of this variable will always be used in preference to
+    # calculated timestamps. A more complex but flexible way is to set
+    # <tt>ActionController::Base.config.asset_path</tt> to a proc
+    # that takes the unmodified asset path and returns the path needed for
+    # your asset caching to work. Typically you'd do something like this in
+    # <tt>config/environments/production.rb</tt>:
+    #
+    #   # Normally you'd calculate RELEASE_NUMBER at startup.
+    #   RELEASE_NUMBER = 12345
+    #   config.action_controller.asset_path_template = proc { |asset_path|
+    #     "/release-#{RELEASE_NUMBER}#{asset_path}"
+    #   }
+    #
+    # This example would cause the following behaviour on all servers no
+    # matter when they were deployed:
+    #
+    #   image_tag("rails.png")
+    #   # => <img alt="Rails" src="/release-12345/images/rails.png" />
+    #   stylesheet_link_tag("application")
+    #   # => <link href="/release-12345/stylesheets/application.css?1232285206" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
+    #
+    # Changing the asset_path does require that your web servers have
+    # knowledge of the asset template paths that you rewrite to so it's not
+    # suitable for out-of-the-box use. To use the example given above you
+    # could use something like this in your Apache VirtualHost configuration:
+    #
+    #   <LocationMatch "^/release-\d+/(images|javascripts|stylesheets)/.*$">
+    #     # Some browsers still send conditional-GET requests if there's a
+    #     # Last-Modified header or an ETag header even if they haven't
+    #     # reached the expiry date sent in the Expires header.
+    #     Header unset Last-Modified
+    #     Header unset ETag
+    #     FileETag None
+    #
+    #     # Assets requested using a cache-busting filename should be served
+    #     # only once and then cached for a really long time. The HTTP/1.1
+    #     # spec frowns on hugely-long expiration times though and suggests
+    #     # that assets which never expire be served with an expiration date
+    #     # 1 year from access.
+    #     ExpiresActive On
+    #     ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 year"
+    #   </LocationMatch>
+    #
+    #   # We use cached-busting location names with the far-future expires
+    #   # headers to ensure that if a file does change it can force a new
+    #   # request. The actual asset filenames are still the same though so we
+    #   # need to rewrite the location from the cache-busting location to the
+    #   # real asset location so that we can serve it.
+    #   RewriteEngine On
+    #   RewriteRule ^/release-\d+/(images|javascripts|stylesheets)/(.*)$ /$1/$2 [L]
     module AssetTagHelper
       JAVASCRIPT_DEFAULT_SOURCES = ['prototype', 'effects', 'dragdrop', 'controls', 'rails'].freeze unless const_defined?(:JAVASCRIPT_DEFAULT_SOURCES)
 
@@ -646,7 +705,7 @@ module ActionView
 
           source += ".#{ext}" if rewrite_extension?(source, dir, ext)
           source  = "/#{dir}/#{source}" unless source[0] == ?/
-          source  = rewrite_asset_path(source)
+          source = rewrite_asset_path(source, config.asset_path)
 
           has_request = controller.respond_to?(:request)
           if has_request && include_host && source !~ %r{^#{controller.config.relative_url_root}/}
@@ -710,7 +769,13 @@ module ActionView
 
         # Break out the asset path rewrite in case plugins wish to put the asset id
         # someplace other than the query string.
-        def rewrite_asset_path(source)
+        def rewrite_asset_path(source, path = nil)
+          if path && path.respond_to?(:call)
+            return path.call(source)
+          elsif path && path.is_a?(String)
+            return path % [source]
+          end
+
           asset_id = rails_asset_id(source)
           if asset_id.blank?
             source
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb
index f0be814700..20598237e9 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/capture_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionView
   module Helpers
     # CaptureHelper exposes methods to let you extract generated markup which
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
index 2ba5339b7d..89560d0b49 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ require 'action_view/helpers/tag_helper'
 require 'action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/class/inheritable_attributes'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/slice'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionView
   module Helpers
@@ -1220,7 +1221,7 @@ module ActionView
     end
   end
 
-  ActionView.base_hook do
+  ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_view) do
     class ActionView::Base
       cattr_accessor :default_form_builder
       @@default_form_builder = ::ActionView::Helpers::FormBuilder
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb
index 4c523d4b20..11c6351bd3 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 require 'cgi'
 require 'erb'
 require 'action_view/helpers/form_helper'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionView
   module Helpers
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb
index 07694f5ebb..ca100e102e 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 require 'cgi'
 require 'action_view/helpers/tag_helper'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/returning'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionView
   module Helpers
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb
index 719b64b940..605e5d5873 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 require 'active_support/core_ext/big_decimal/conversions'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/float/rounding'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionView
   module Helpers #:nodoc:
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb
index ccdc8181db..ebe0b4e876 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 require 'set'
 require 'active_support/json'
 require 'active_support/core_ext/object/returning'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 
 module ActionView
   module Helpers
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/tag_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/tag_helper.rb
index 9b4cacd4d7..c09d01eeee 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/tag_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/tag_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 require 'set'
 
 module ActionView
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb
index 27be1690dd..0e1bc139ff 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 require 'action_view/helpers/tag_helper'
 
 module ActionView
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb
index 9cf007cd2b..c606a71e18 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/railtie.rb
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ module ActionView
 
     initializer "action_view.cache_asset_timestamps" do |app|
       unless app.config.cache_classes
-        ActionView.base_hook do
+        ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_view) do
           ActionView::Helpers::AssetTagHelper.cache_asset_timestamps = false
         end
       end
     end
 
     initializer "action_view.set_configs" do |app|
-      ActionView.base_hook do
+      ActiveSupport.on_load(:action_view) do
         app.config.action_view.each do |k,v|
           send "#{k}=", v
         end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/partials.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/partials.rb
index 17d16556b9..f04a89c1ac 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/partials.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/render/partials.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
 module ActionView
   # There's also a convenience method for rendering sub templates within the current controller that depends on a
   # single object (we call this kind of sub templates for partials). It relies on the fact that partials should
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/resolver.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/resolver.rb
index 8e8afaa43f..a223b3a55f 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/resolver.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/template/resolver.rb
@@ -35,12 +35,7 @@ module ActionView
 
     def cached(key, prefix, name, partial)
       return yield unless key && caching?
-      scope = @cached[key][prefix][name]
-      if scope.key?(partial)
-        scope[partial]
-      else
-        scope[partial] = yield
-      end
+      @cached[key][prefix][name][partial] ||= yield
     end
   end
 
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb
index b0ababe344..23b0c6e121 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/test_case.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
 require 'action_controller/test_case'
 require 'action_view'