Merge branch 'master' of git@github.com:rails/rails

55 files changed, 910 insertions, 643 deletions

diff --git a/actionmailer/CHANGELOG b/actionmailer/CHANGELOG
index 457e9aca94..0749ff4dab 100644
--- a/actionmailer/CHANGELOG
+++ b/actionmailer/CHANGELOG
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-*Edge*
+*2.3.1 [RC2] (February 27th, 2009)*
 
 * Fixed that ActionMailer should send correctly formatted Return-Path in MAIL FROM for SMTP #1842 [Matt Jones]
 
diff --git a/actionmailer/Rakefile b/actionmailer/Rakefile
index c3826e3a27..7c27ef450f 100644
--- a/actionmailer/Rakefile
+++ b/actionmailer/Rakefile
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.rubyforge_project = "actionmailer"
   s.homepage = "http://www.rubyonrails.org"
 
-  s.add_dependency('actionpack', '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('actionpack', '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
 
   s.has_rdoc = true
   s.requirements << 'none'
diff --git a/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/version.rb b/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/version.rb
index 9cd7a14b73..ac843ae6ac 100644
--- a/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/version.rb
+++ b/actionmailer/lib/action_mailer/version.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActionMailer
   module VERSION #:nodoc:
     MAJOR = 2
     MINOR = 3
-    TINY  = 0
+    TINY  = 1
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY].join('.')
   end
diff --git a/actionpack/CHANGELOG b/actionpack/CHANGELOG
index 546adeb61d..516f281428 100644
--- a/actionpack/CHANGELOG
+++ b/actionpack/CHANGELOG
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-*Edge*
+*2.3.1 [RC2] (February 27th, 2009)*
+
+* Fixed that passing a custom form builder would be forwarded to nested fields_for calls #2023 [Eloy Duran/Nate Wiger]
 
 * Added partial scoping to TranslationHelper#translate, so if you call translate(".foo") from the people/index.html.erb template, you'll actually be calling I18n.translate("people.index.foo") [DHH]
 
diff --git a/actionpack/Rakefile b/actionpack/Rakefile
index c389e5a8d6..0d673c617d 100644
--- a/actionpack/Rakefile
+++ b/actionpack/Rakefile
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.has_rdoc = true
   s.requirements << 'none'
 
-  s.add_dependency('activesupport', '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('activesupport', '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
   s.add_dependency('rack', '>= 0.9.0')
 
   s.require_path = 'lib'
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
index 1eda6e3f04..5df94b289a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/base.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
     attr_reader :allowed_methods
 
     def initialize(*allowed_methods)
-      super("Only #{allowed_methods.to_sentence} requests are allowed.")
+      super("Only #{allowed_methods.to_sentence(:locale => :en)} requests are allowed.")
       @allowed_methods = allowed_methods
     end
 
@@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ module ActionController #:nodoc:
           rescue ActionView::MissingTemplate => e
             # Was the implicit template missing, or was it another template?
             if e.path == default_template_name
-              raise UnknownAction, "No action responded to #{action_name}. Actions: #{action_methods.sort.to_sentence}", caller
+              raise UnknownAction, "No action responded to #{action_name}. Actions: #{action_methods.sort.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}", caller
             else
               raise e
             end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb
index 0e95cfc147..2cabab9ec8 100755
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/request.rb
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ module ActionController
     # <tt>:get</tt>. If the request \method is not listed in the HTTP_METHODS
     # constant above, an UnknownHttpMethod exception is raised.
     def request_method
-      @request_method ||= HTTP_METHOD_LOOKUP[super] || raise(UnknownHttpMethod, "#{super}, accepted HTTP methods are #{HTTP_METHODS.to_sentence}")
+      @request_method ||= HTTP_METHOD_LOOKUP[super] || raise(UnknownHttpMethod, "#{super}, accepted HTTP methods are #{HTTP_METHODS.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}")
     end
 
     # Returns the HTTP request \method used for action processing as a
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb
index f20e44a7d5..f03a2a7605 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_pack/version.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActionPack #:nodoc:
   module VERSION #:nodoc:
     MAJOR = 2
     MINOR = 3
-    TINY  = 0
+    TINY  = 1
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY].join('.')
   end
diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
index 4fef2b443e..a589bcba2a 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb
@@ -5,17 +5,24 @@ require 'action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper'
 
 module ActionView
   module Helpers
-    # Form helpers are designed to make working with models much easier compared to using just standard HTML
-    # elements by providing a set of methods for creating forms based on your models. This helper generates the HTML
-    # for forms, providing a method for each sort of input (e.g., text, password, select, and so on). When the form
-    # is submitted (i.e., when the user hits the submit button or <tt>form.submit</tt> is called via JavaScript), the form inputs will be bundled into the <tt>params</tt> object and passed back to the controller.
+    # Form helpers are designed to make working with models much easier
+    # compared to using just standard HTML elements by providing a set of
+    # methods for creating forms based on your models. This helper generates
+    # the HTML for forms, providing a method for each sort of input
+    # (e.g., text, password, select, and so on). When the form is submitted
+    # (i.e., when the user hits the submit button or <tt>form.submit</tt> is
+    # called via JavaScript), the form inputs will be bundled into the
+    # <tt>params</tt> object and passed back to the controller.
     #
-    # There are two types of form helpers: those that specifically work with model attributes and those that don't.
-    # This helper deals with those that work with model attributes; to see an example of form helpers that don't work
-    # with model attributes, check the ActionView::Helpers::FormTagHelper documentation.
+    # There are two types of form helpers: those that specifically work with
+    # model attributes and those that don't. This helper deals with those that
+    # work with model attributes; to see an example of form helpers that don't
+    # work with model attributes, check the ActionView::Helpers::FormTagHelper
+    # documentation.
     #
-    # The core method of this helper, form_for, gives you the ability to create a form for a model instance;
-    # for example, let's say that you have a model <tt>Person</tt> and want to create a new instance of it:
+    # The core method of this helper, form_for, gives you the ability to create
+    # a form for a model instance; for example, let's say that you have a model
+    # <tt>Person</tt> and want to create a new instance of it:
     #
     #     # Note: a @person variable will have been created in the controller.
     #     # For example: @person = Person.new
@@ -40,17 +47,22 @@ module ActionView
     #       <%= submit_tag 'Create' %>
     #     <% end %>
     #
-    # This example will render the <tt>people/_form</tt> partial, setting a local variable called <tt>form</tt> which references the yielded FormBuilder.
-    #
-    # The <tt>params</tt> object created when this form is submitted would look like:
+    # This example will render the <tt>people/_form</tt> partial, setting a
+    # local variable called <tt>form</tt> which references the yielded
+    # FormBuilder. The <tt>params</tt> object created when this form is
+    # submitted would look like:
     #
     #     {"action"=>"create", "controller"=>"persons", "person"=>{"first_name"=>"William", "last_name"=>"Smith"}}
     #
-    # The params hash has a nested <tt>person</tt> value, which can therefore be accessed with <tt>params[:person]</tt> in the controller.
-    # If were editing/updating an instance (e.g., <tt>Person.find(1)</tt> rather than <tt>Person.new</tt> in the controller), the objects
-    # attribute values are filled into the form (e.g., the <tt>person_first_name</tt> field would have that person's first name in it).
+    # The params hash has a nested <tt>person</tt> value, which can therefore
+    # be accessed with <tt>params[:person]</tt> in the controller. If were
+    # editing/updating an instance (e.g., <tt>Person.find(1)</tt> rather than
+    # <tt>Person.new</tt> in the controller), the objects attribute values are
+    # filled into the form (e.g., the <tt>person_first_name</tt> field would
+    # have that person's first name in it).
     #
-    # If the object name contains square brackets the id for the object will be inserted. For example:
+    # If the object name contains square brackets the id for the object will be
+    # inserted. For example:
     #
     #   <%= text_field "person[]", "name" %>
     #
@@ -58,8 +70,10 @@ module ActionView
     #
     #   <input type="text" id="person_<%= @person.id %>_name" name="person[<%= @person.id %>][name]" value="<%= @person.name %>" />
     #
-    # If the helper is being used to generate a repetitive sequence of similar form elements, for example in a partial
-    # used by <tt>render_collection_of_partials</tt>, the <tt>index</tt> option may come in handy. Example:
+    # If the helper is being used to generate a repetitive sequence of similar
+    # form elements, for example in a partial used by
+    # <tt>render_collection_of_partials</tt>, the <tt>index</tt> option may
+    # come in handy. Example:
     #
     #   <%= text_field "person", "name", "index" => 1 %>
     #
@@ -67,14 +81,17 @@ module ActionView
     #
     #   <input type="text" id="person_1_name" name="person[1][name]" value="<%= @person.name %>" />
     #
-    # An <tt>index</tt> option may also be passed to <tt>form_for</tt> and <tt>fields_for</tt>.  This automatically applies
-    # the <tt>index</tt> to all the nested fields.
+    # An <tt>index</tt> option may also be passed to <tt>form_for</tt> and
+    # <tt>fields_for</tt>.  This automatically applies the <tt>index</tt> to
+    # all the nested fields.
     #
-    # There are also methods for helping to build form tags in link:classes/ActionView/Helpers/FormOptionsHelper.html,
-    # link:classes/ActionView/Helpers/DateHelper.html, and link:classes/ActionView/Helpers/ActiveRecordHelper.html
+    # There are also methods for helping to build form tags in
+    # link:classes/ActionView/Helpers/FormOptionsHelper.html,
+    # link:classes/ActionView/Helpers/DateHelper.html, and
+    # link:classes/ActionView/Helpers/ActiveRecordHelper.html
     module FormHelper
-      # Creates a form and a scope around a specific model object that is used as
-      # a base for questioning about values for the fields.
+      # Creates a form and a scope around a specific model object that is used
+      # as a base for questioning about values for the fields.
       #
       # Rails provides succinct resource-oriented form generation with +form_for+
       # like this:
@@ -86,13 +103,15 @@ module ActionView
       #     <%= f.text_field :author %><br />
       #   <% end %>
       #
-      # There, +form_for+ is able to generate the rest of RESTful form parameters
-      # based on introspection on the record, but to understand what it does we
-      # need to dig first into the alternative generic usage it is based upon.
+      # There, +form_for+ is able to generate the rest of RESTful form
+      # parameters based on introspection on the record, but to understand what
+      # it does we need to dig first into the alternative generic usage it is
+      # based upon.
       #
       # === Generic form_for
       #
-      # The generic way to call +form_for+ yields a form builder around a model:
+      # The generic way to call +form_for+ yields a form builder around a
+      # model:
       #
       #   <% form_for :person, :url => { :action => "update" } do |f| %>
       #     <%= f.error_messages %>
@@ -103,8 +122,8 @@ module ActionView
       #   <% end %>
       #
       # There, the first argument is a symbol or string with the name of the
-      # object the form is about, and also the name of the instance variable the
-      # object is stored in.
+      # object the form is about, and also the name of the instance variable
+      # the object is stored in.
       #
       # The form builder acts as a regular form helper that somehow carries the
       # model. Thus, the idea is that
@@ -137,17 +156,18 @@ module ActionView
       # In any of its variants, the rightmost argument to +form_for+ is an
       # optional hash of options:
       #
-      # * <tt>:url</tt> - The URL the form is submitted to. It takes the same fields
-      #   you pass to +url_for+ or +link_to+. In particular you may pass here a
-      #   named route directly as well. Defaults to the current action.
+      # * <tt>:url</tt> - The URL the form is submitted to. It takes the same
+      #   fields you pass to +url_for+ or +link_to+. In particular you may pass
+      #   here a named route directly as well. Defaults to the current action.
       # * <tt>:html</tt> - Optional HTML attributes for the form tag.
       #
-      # Worth noting is that the +form_for+ tag is called in a ERb evaluation block,
-      # not an ERb output block. So that's <tt><% %></tt>, not <tt><%= %></tt>.
+      # Worth noting is that the +form_for+ tag is called in a ERb evaluation
+      # block, not an ERb output block. So that's <tt><% %></tt>, not
+      # <tt><%= %></tt>.
       #
       # Also note that +form_for+ doesn't create an exclusive scope. It's still
-      # possible to use both the stand-alone FormHelper methods and methods from
-      # FormTagHelper. For example:
+      # possible to use both the stand-alone FormHelper methods and methods
+      # from FormTagHelper. For example:
       #
       #   <% form_for :person, @person, :url => { :action => "update" } do |f| %>
       #     First name: <%= f.text_field :first_name %>
@@ -156,16 +176,16 @@ module ActionView
       #     Admin?    : <%= check_box_tag "person[admin]", @person.company.admin? %>
       #   <% end %>
       #
-      # This also works for the methods in FormOptionHelper and DateHelper that are
-      # designed to work with an object as base, like FormOptionHelper#collection_select
-      # and DateHelper#datetime_select.
+      # This also works for the methods in FormOptionHelper and DateHelper that
+      # are designed to work with an object as base, like
+      # FormOptionHelper#collection_select and DateHelper#datetime_select.
       #
       # === Resource-oriented style
       #
-      # As we said above, in addition to manually configuring the +form_for+ call,
-      # you can rely on automated resource identification, which will use the conventions
-      # and named routes of that approach. This is the preferred way to use +form_for+
-      # nowadays.
+      # As we said above, in addition to manually configuring the +form_for+
+      # call, you can rely on automated resource identification, which will use
+      # the conventions and named routes of that approach. This is the
+      # preferred way to use +form_for+ nowadays.
       #
       # For example, if <tt>@post</tt> is an existing record you want to edit
       #
@@ -205,8 +225,10 @@ module ActionView
       #
       # === Customized form builders
       #
-      # You can also build forms using a customized FormBuilder class. Subclass FormBuilder and override or define some more helpers,
-      # then use your custom builder. For example, let's say you made a helper to automatically add labels to form inputs.
+      # You can also build forms using a customized FormBuilder class. Subclass
+      # FormBuilder and override or define some more helpers, then use your
+      # custom builder. For example, let's say you made a helper to
+      # automatically add labels to form inputs.
       #
       #   <% form_for :person, @person, :url => { :action => "update" }, :builder => LabellingFormBuilder do |f| %>
       #     <%= f.text_field :first_name %>
@@ -219,16 +241,23 @@ module ActionView
       #
       #   <%= render :partial => f %>
       #
-      # The rendered template is <tt>people/_labelling_form</tt> and the local variable referencing the form builder is called <tt>labelling_form</tt>.
+      # The rendered template is <tt>people/_labelling_form</tt> and the local
+      # variable referencing the form builder is called
+      # <tt>labelling_form</tt>.
+      #
+      # The custom FormBuilder class is automatically merged with the options
+      # of a nested fields_for call, unless it's explicitely set.
       #
-      # In many cases you will want to wrap the above in another helper, so you could do something like the following:
+      # In many cases you will want to wrap the above in another helper, so you
+      # could do something like the following:
       #
       #   def labelled_form_for(record_or_name_or_array, *args, &proc)
       #     options = args.extract_options!
       #     form_for(record_or_name_or_array, *(args << options.merge(:builder => LabellingFormBuilder)), &proc)
       #   end
       #
-      # If you don't need to attach a form to a model instance, then check out FormTagHelper#form_tag.
+      # If you don't need to attach a form to a model instance, then check out
+      # FormTagHelper#form_tag.
       def form_for(record_or_name_or_array, *args, &proc)
         raise ArgumentError, "Missing block" unless block_given?
 
@@ -910,6 +939,11 @@ module ActionView
           index = ""
         end
 
+        if options[:builder]
+          args << {} unless args.last.is_a?(Hash)
+          args.last[:builder] ||= options[:builder]
+        end
+
         case record_or_name_or_array
         when String, Symbol
           if nested_attributes_association?(record_or_name_or_array)
diff --git a/actionpack/test/template/form_helper_test.rb b/actionpack/test/template/form_helper_test.rb
index 5cc81b4afb..654eee40a3 100644
--- a/actionpack/test/template/form_helper_test.rb
+++ b/actionpack/test/template/form_helper_test.rb
@@ -1001,6 +1001,47 @@ class FormHelperTest < ActionView::TestCase
     assert_dom_equal expected, output_buffer
   end
 
+  def test_form_for_with_labelled_builder_with_nested_fields_for_without_options_hash
+    klass = nil
+
+    form_for(:post, @post, :builder => LabelledFormBuilder) do |f|
+      f.fields_for(:comments, Comment.new) do |nested_fields|
+        klass = nested_fields.class
+        ''
+      end
+    end
+
+    assert_equal LabelledFormBuilder, klass
+  end
+
+  def test_form_for_with_labelled_builder_with_nested_fields_for_with_options_hash
+    klass = nil
+
+    form_for(:post, @post, :builder => LabelledFormBuilder) do |f|
+      f.fields_for(:comments, Comment.new, :index => 'foo') do |nested_fields|
+        klass = nested_fields.class
+        ''
+      end
+    end
+
+    assert_equal LabelledFormBuilder, klass
+  end
+
+  class LabelledFormBuilderSubclass < LabelledFormBuilder; end
+
+  def test_form_for_with_labelled_builder_with_nested_fields_for_with_custom_builder
+    klass = nil
+
+    form_for(:post, @post, :builder => LabelledFormBuilder) do |f|
+      f.fields_for(:comments, Comment.new, :builder => LabelledFormBuilderSubclass) do |nested_fields|
+        klass = nested_fields.class
+        ''
+      end
+    end
+
+    assert_equal LabelledFormBuilderSubclass, klass
+  end
+
   def test_form_for_with_html_options_adds_options_to_form_tag
     form_for(:post, @post, :html => {:id => 'some_form', :class => 'some_class'}) do |f| end
     expected = "<form action=\"http://www.example.com\" class=\"some_class\" id=\"some_form\" method=\"post\"></form>"
diff --git a/activerecord/CHANGELOG b/activerecord/CHANGELOG
index fc6986912c..231402c51c 100644
--- a/activerecord/CHANGELOG
+++ b/activerecord/CHANGELOG
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-*Edge*
+*2.3.1 [RC2] (February 27th, 2009)*
 
 * Added ActiveRecord::Base.each and ActiveRecord::Base.find_in_batches for batch processing [DHH/Jamis Buck]
 
diff --git a/activerecord/Rakefile b/activerecord/Rakefile
index 8b3b97bac4..aec9b3825b 100644
--- a/activerecord/Rakefile
+++ b/activerecord/Rakefile
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     s.files = s.files + Dir.glob( "#{dir}/**/*" ).delete_if { |item| item.include?( "\.svn" ) }
   end
 
-  s.add_dependency('activesupport', '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('activesupport', '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
 
   s.files.delete FIXTURES_ROOT + "/fixture_database.sqlite"
   s.files.delete FIXTURES_ROOT + "/fixture_database_2.sqlite"
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
index e2dc883b1b..6e88c89737 100755
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations.rb
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       through_reflection      = reflection.through_reflection
       source_reflection_names = reflection.source_reflection_names
       source_associations     = reflection.through_reflection.klass.reflect_on_all_associations.collect { |a| a.name.inspect }
-      super("Could not find the source association(s) #{source_reflection_names.collect(&:inspect).to_sentence :two_words_connector => ' or ', :last_word_connector => ', or '} in model #{through_reflection.klass}.  Try 'has_many #{reflection.name.inspect}, :through => #{through_reflection.name.inspect}, :source => <name>'.  Is it one of #{source_associations.to_sentence :two_words_connector => ' or ', :last_word_connector => ', or '}?")
+      super("Could not find the source association(s) #{source_reflection_names.collect(&:inspect).to_sentence(:two_words_connector => ' or ', :last_word_connector => ', or ', :locale => :en)} in model #{through_reflection.klass}.  Try 'has_many #{reflection.name.inspect}, :through => #{through_reflection.name.inspect}, :source => <name>'.  Is it one of #{source_associations.to_sentence(:two_words_connector => ' or ', :last_word_connector => ', or ', :locale => :en)}?")
     end
   end
 
@@ -786,11 +786,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #       'ORDER BY p.first_name'
       def has_many(association_id, options = {}, &extension)
         reflection = create_has_many_reflection(association_id, options, &extension)
-
         configure_dependency_for_has_many(reflection)
-
-        add_multiple_associated_validation_callbacks(reflection.name) unless options[:validate] == false
-        add_multiple_associated_save_callbacks(reflection.name)
         add_association_callbacks(reflection.name, reflection.options)
 
         if options[:through]
@@ -872,10 +868,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # [:source]
       #   Specifies the source association name used by <tt>has_one :through</tt> queries.  Only use it if the name cannot be
       #   inferred from the association.  <tt>has_one :favorite, :through => :favorites</tt> will look for a
-      #   <tt>:favorite</tt> on Favorite, unless a <tt>:source</tt> is given.      
+      #   <tt>:favorite</tt> on Favorite, unless a <tt>:source</tt> is given.
       # [:source_type]
       #   Specifies type of the source association used by <tt>has_one :through</tt> queries where the source
-      #   association is a polymorphic +belongs_to+.      
+      #   association is a polymorphic +belongs_to+.
       # [:readonly]
       #   If true, the associated object is readonly through the association.
       # [:validate]
@@ -898,22 +894,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
           association_accessor_methods(reflection, ActiveRecord::Associations::HasOneThroughAssociation)
         else
           reflection = create_has_one_reflection(association_id, options)
-
-          method_name = "has_one_after_save_for_#{reflection.name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
-            if association && (new_record? || association.new_record? || association[reflection.primary_key_name] != id)
-              association[reflection.primary_key_name] = id
-              association.save(true)
-            end
-          end
-          after_save method_name
-
-          add_single_associated_validation_callbacks(reflection.name) if options[:validate] == true
           association_accessor_methods(reflection, HasOneAssociation)
           association_constructor_method(:build,  reflection, HasOneAssociation)
           association_constructor_method(:create, reflection, HasOneAssociation)
-
           configure_dependency_for_has_one(reflection)
         end
       end
@@ -1006,40 +989,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         if reflection.options[:polymorphic]
           association_accessor_methods(reflection, BelongsToPolymorphicAssociation)
-
-          method_name = "polymorphic_belongs_to_before_save_for_#{reflection.name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
-            if association && association.target
-              if association.new_record?
-                association.save(true)
-              end
-
-              if association.updated?
-                self[reflection.primary_key_name] = association.id
-                self[reflection.options[:foreign_type]] = association.class.base_class.name.to_s
-              end
-            end
-          end
-          before_save method_name
         else
           association_accessor_methods(reflection, BelongsToAssociation)
           association_constructor_method(:build,  reflection, BelongsToAssociation)
           association_constructor_method(:create, reflection, BelongsToAssociation)
-
-          method_name = "belongs_to_before_save_for_#{reflection.name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            if association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
-              if association.new_record?
-                association.save(true)
-              end
-
-              if association.updated?
-                self[reflection.primary_key_name] = association.id
-              end
-            end
-          end
-          before_save method_name
         end
 
         # Create the callbacks to update counter cache
@@ -1067,8 +1020,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
           )
         end
 
-        add_single_associated_validation_callbacks(reflection.name) if options[:validate] == true
-
         configure_dependency_for_belongs_to(reflection)
       end
 
@@ -1234,9 +1185,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   'DELETE FROM developers_projects WHERE active=1 AND developer_id = #{id} AND project_id = #{record.id}'
       def has_and_belongs_to_many(association_id, options = {}, &extension)
         reflection = create_has_and_belongs_to_many_reflection(association_id, options, &extension)
-
-        add_multiple_associated_validation_callbacks(reflection.name) unless options[:validate] == false
-        add_multiple_associated_save_callbacks(reflection.name)
         collection_accessor_methods(reflection, HasAndBelongsToManyAssociation)
 
         # Don't use a before_destroy callback since users' before_destroy
@@ -1358,70 +1306,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        def add_single_associated_validation_callbacks(association_name)
-          method_name = "validate_associated_records_for_#{association_name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            if association = association_instance_get(association_name)
-              errors.add association_name unless association.target.nil? || association.valid?
-            end
-          end
-
-          validate method_name
-        end
-
-        def add_multiple_associated_validation_callbacks(association_name)
-          method_name = "validate_associated_records_for_#{association_name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            association = association_instance_get(association_name)
-
-            if association
-              if new_record?
-                association
-              elsif association.loaded?
-                association.select { |record| record.new_record? }
-              else
-                association.target.select { |record| record.new_record? }
-              end.each do |record|
-                errors.add association_name unless record.valid?
-              end
-            end
-          end
-
-          validate method_name
-        end
-
-        def add_multiple_associated_save_callbacks(association_name)
-          method_name = "before_save_associated_records_for_#{association_name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            @new_record_before_save = new_record?
-            true
-          end
-          before_save method_name
-
-          method_name = "after_create_or_update_associated_records_for_#{association_name}".to_sym
-          define_method(method_name) do
-            association = association_instance_get(association_name)
-
-            records_to_save = if @new_record_before_save
-              association
-            elsif association && association.loaded?
-              association.select { |record| record.new_record? }
-            elsif association && !association.loaded?
-              association.target.select { |record| record.new_record? }
-            else
-              []
-            end
-            records_to_save.each { |record| association.send(:insert_record, record) } unless records_to_save.blank?
-
-            # reconstruct the SQL queries now that we know the owner's id
-            association.send(:construct_sql) if association.respond_to?(:construct_sql)
-          end
-
-          # Doesn't use after_save as that would save associations added in after_create/after_update twice
-          after_create method_name
-          after_update method_name
-        end
-
         def association_constructor_method(constructor, reflection, association_proxy_class)
           define_method("#{constructor}_#{reflection.name}") do |*params|
             attributees      = params.first unless params.empty?
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_and_belongs_to_many_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_and_belongs_to_many_association.rb
index a5cc3bf091..af9ce3dfb2 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_and_belongs_to_many_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_and_belongs_to_many_association.rb
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
           load_target.size
         end
 
-        def insert_record(record, force=true)
+        def insert_record(record, force = true, validate = true)
           if record.new_record?
             if force
               record.save!
             else
-              return false unless record.save
+              return false unless record.save(validate)
             end
           end
 
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
index 3348079e9d..a2cbabfe0c 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_association.rb
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
           "#{@reflection.name}_count"
         end
 
-        def insert_record(record)
+        def insert_record(record, force = false, validate = true)
           set_belongs_to_association_for(record)
-          record.save
+          force ? record.save! : record.save(validate)
         end
 
         # Deletes the records according to the <tt>:dependent</tt> option.
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
index 2eeeb28d1f..d5d188ac2a 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/has_many_through_association.rb
@@ -47,12 +47,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
           options[:include] = @reflection.source_reflection.options[:include] if options[:include].nil?
         end
         
-        def insert_record(record, force=true)
+        def insert_record(record, force = true, validate = true)
           if record.new_record?
             if force
               record.save!
             else
-              return false unless record.save
+              return false unless record.save(validate)
             end
           end
           through_reflection = @reflection.through_reflection
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
index 680b41518c..1c3d0567c1 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/autosave_association.rb
@@ -125,79 +125,63 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #   post.author.name = ''
   #   post.save(false) # => true
   module AutosaveAssociation
+    ASSOCIATION_TYPES = %w{ has_one belongs_to has_many has_and_belongs_to_many }
+
     def self.included(base)
       base.class_eval do
+        base.extend(ClassMethods)
         alias_method_chain :reload, :autosave_associations
-        alias_method_chain :save,   :autosave_associations
-        alias_method_chain :save!,  :autosave_associations
-        alias_method_chain :valid?, :autosave_associations
 
-        %w{ has_one belongs_to has_many has_and_belongs_to_many }.each do |type|
+        ASSOCIATION_TYPES.each do |type|
           base.send("valid_keys_for_#{type}_association") << :autosave
         end
       end
     end
 
-    # Saves the parent, <tt>self</tt>, and any loaded autosave associations.
-    # In addition, it destroys all children that were marked for destruction
-    # with mark_for_destruction.
-    #
-    # This all happens inside a transaction, _if_ the Transactions module is included into
-    # ActiveRecord::Base after the AutosaveAssociation module, which it does by default.
-    def save_with_autosave_associations(perform_validation = true)
-      returning(save_without_autosave_associations(perform_validation)) do |valid|
-        if valid
-          self.class.reflect_on_all_autosave_associations.each do |reflection|
-            if (association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)) && association.loaded?
-              if association.is_a?(Array)
-                association.proxy_target.each do |child|
-                  child.marked_for_destruction? ? child.destroy : child.save(perform_validation)
-                end
-              else
-                association.marked_for_destruction? ? association.destroy : association.save(perform_validation)
-              end
-            end
+    module ClassMethods
+      private
+
+      # def belongs_to(name, options = {})
+      #   super
+      #   add_autosave_association_callbacks(reflect_on_association(name))
+      # end
+      ASSOCIATION_TYPES.each do |type|
+        module_eval %{
+          def #{type}(name, options = {})
+            super
+            add_autosave_association_callbacks(reflect_on_association(name))
           end
-        end
+        }
       end
-    end
 
-    # Attempts to save the record just like save_with_autosave_associations but
-    # will raise a RecordInvalid exception instead of returning false if the
-    # record is not valid.
-    def save_with_autosave_associations!
-      if valid_with_autosave_associations?
-        save_with_autosave_associations(false) || raise(RecordNotSaved)
-      else
-        raise RecordInvalid.new(self)
-      end
-    end
+      # Adds a validate and save callback for the association as specified by
+      # the +reflection+.
+      def add_autosave_association_callbacks(reflection)
+        save_method = "autosave_associated_records_for_#{reflection.name}"
+        validation_method = "validate_associated_records_for_#{reflection.name}"
+        validate validation_method
 
-    # Returns whether or not the parent, <tt>self</tt>, and any loaded autosave associations are valid.
-    def valid_with_autosave_associations?
-      if valid_without_autosave_associations?
-        self.class.reflect_on_all_autosave_associations.all? do |reflection|
-          if (association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)) && association.loaded?
-            if association.is_a?(Array)
-              association.proxy_target.all? { |child| autosave_association_valid?(reflection, child) }
-            else
-              autosave_association_valid?(reflection, association)
-            end
-          else
-            true # association not loaded yet, so it should be valid
+        case reflection.macro
+        when :has_many, :has_and_belongs_to_many
+          before_save :before_save_collection_association
+
+          define_method(save_method) { save_collection_association(reflection) }
+          # Doesn't use after_save as that would save associations added in after_create/after_update twice
+          after_create save_method
+          after_update save_method
+
+          define_method(validation_method) { validate_collection_association(reflection) }
+        else
+          case reflection.macro
+          when :has_one
+            define_method(save_method) { save_has_one_association(reflection) }
+            after_save save_method
+          when :belongs_to
+            define_method(save_method) { save_belongs_to_association(reflection) }
+            before_save save_method
           end
+          define_method(validation_method) { validate_single_association(reflection) }
         end
-      else
-        false # self was not valid
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Returns whether or not the association is valid and applies any errors to the parent, <tt>self</tt>, if it wasn't.
-    def autosave_association_valid?(reflection, association)
-      returning(association.valid?) do |valid|
-        association.errors.each do |attribute, message|
-          errors.add "#{reflection.name}_#{attribute}", message
-        end unless valid
       end
     end
 
@@ -221,5 +205,145 @@ module ActiveRecord
     def marked_for_destruction?
       @marked_for_destruction
     end
+
+    private
+
+    # Returns the record for an association collection that should be validated
+    # or saved. If +autosave+ is +false+ only new records will be returned,
+    # unless the parent is/was a new record itself.
+    def associated_records_to_validate_or_save(association, new_record, autosave)
+      if new_record
+        association
+      elsif association.loaded?
+        autosave ? association : association.select { |record| record.new_record? }
+      else
+        autosave ? association.target : association.target.select { |record| record.new_record? }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Validate the association if <tt>:validate</tt> or <tt>:autosave</tt> is
+    # turned on for the association specified by +reflection+.
+    def validate_single_association(reflection)
+      if reflection.options[:validate] == true || reflection.options[:autosave] == true
+        if (association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)) && !association.target.nil?
+          association_valid?(reflection, association)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Validate the associated records if <tt>:validate</tt> or
+    # <tt>:autosave</tt> is turned on for the association specified by
+    # +reflection+.
+    def validate_collection_association(reflection)
+      if reflection.options[:validate] != false && association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
+        if records = associated_records_to_validate_or_save(association, new_record?, reflection.options[:autosave])
+          records.each { |record| association_valid?(reflection, record) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns whether or not the association is valid and applies any errors to
+    # the parent, <tt>self</tt>, if it wasn't. Skips any <tt>:autosave</tt>
+    # enabled records if they're marked_for_destruction?.
+    def association_valid?(reflection, association)
+      unless valid = association.valid?
+        if reflection.options[:autosave]
+          unless association.marked_for_destruction?
+            association.errors.each do |attribute, message|
+              attribute = "#{reflection.name}_#{attribute}"
+              errors.add(attribute, message) unless errors.on(attribute)
+            end
+          end
+        else
+          errors.add(reflection.name)
+        end
+      end
+      valid
+    end
+
+    # Is used as a before_save callback to check while saving a collection
+    # association whether or not the parent was a new record before saving.
+    def before_save_collection_association
+      @new_record_before_save = new_record?
+      true
+    end
+
+    # Saves any new associated records, or all loaded autosave associations if
+    # <tt>:autosave</tt> is enabled on the association.
+    #
+    # In addition, it destroys all children that were marked for destruction
+    # with mark_for_destruction.
+    #
+    # This all happens inside a transaction, _if_ the Transactions module is included into
+    # ActiveRecord::Base after the AutosaveAssociation module, which it does by default.
+    def save_collection_association(reflection)
+      if association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
+        autosave = reflection.options[:autosave]
+
+        if records = associated_records_to_validate_or_save(association, @new_record_before_save, autosave)
+          records.each do |record|
+            if autosave && record.marked_for_destruction?
+              record.destroy
+            elsif @new_record_before_save || record.new_record?
+              if autosave
+                association.send(:insert_record, record, false, false)
+              else
+                association.send(:insert_record, record)
+              end
+            elsif autosave
+              record.save(false)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        # reconstruct the SQL queries now that we know the owner's id
+        association.send(:construct_sql) if association.respond_to?(:construct_sql)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Saves the associated record if it's new or <tt>:autosave</tt> is enabled
+    # on the association.
+    #
+    # In addition, it will destroy the association if it was marked for
+    # destruction with mark_for_destruction.
+    #
+    # This all happens inside a transaction, _if_ the Transactions module is included into
+    # ActiveRecord::Base after the AutosaveAssociation module, which it does by default.
+    def save_has_one_association(reflection)
+      if association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
+        if reflection.options[:autosave] && association.marked_for_destruction?
+          association.destroy
+        elsif new_record? || association.new_record? || association[reflection.primary_key_name] != id || reflection.options[:autosave]
+          association[reflection.primary_key_name] = id
+          association.save(false)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Saves the associated record if it's new or <tt>:autosave</tt> is enabled
+    # on the association.
+    #
+    # In addition, it will destroy the association if it was marked for
+    # destruction with mark_for_destruction.
+    #
+    # This all happens inside a transaction, _if_ the Transactions module is included into
+    # ActiveRecord::Base after the AutosaveAssociation module, which it does by default.
+    def save_belongs_to_association(reflection)
+      if association = association_instance_get(reflection.name)
+        if reflection.options[:autosave] && association.marked_for_destruction?
+          association.destroy
+        else
+          association.save(false) if association.new_record? || reflection.options[:autosave]
+
+          if association.updated?
+            self[reflection.primary_key_name] = association.id
+            # TODO: Removing this code doesn't seem to matter…
+            if reflection.options[:polymorphic]
+              self[reflection.options[:foreign_type]] = association.class.base_class.name.to_s
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/named_scope.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/named_scope.rb
index 022fdaf9b2..8a7449f95b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/named_scope.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/named_scope.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 module ActiveRecord
   module NamedScope
-    # All subclasses of ActiveRecord::Base have two named \scopes:
-    # * <tt>all</tt> - which is similar to a <tt>find(:all)</tt> query, and
+    # All subclasses of ActiveRecord::Base have one named scope:
     # * <tt>scoped</tt> - which allows for the creation of anonymous \scopes, on the fly: <tt>Shirt.scoped(:conditions => {:color => 'red'}).scoped(:include => :washing_instructions)</tt>
     #
     # These anonymous \scopes tend to be useful when procedurally generating complex queries, where passing
     # intermediate values (scopes) around as first-class objects is convenient.
+    #
+    # You can define a scope that applies to all finders using ActiveRecord::Base.default_scope.
     def self.included(base)
       base.class_eval do
         extend ClassMethods
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
index 6ac4bdc905..809e91897e 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/version.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   module VERSION #:nodoc:
     MAJOR = 2
     MINOR = 3
-    TINY  = 0
+    TINY  = 1
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY].join('.')
   end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/belongs_to_associations_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/belongs_to_associations_test.rb
index 40a8503980..92ed465ae7 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/belongs_to_associations_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/belongs_to_associations_test.rb
@@ -190,19 +190,6 @@ class BelongsToAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal 1, Topic.find(topic.id).send(:read_attribute, "replies_count")
   end
 
-  def test_assignment_before_parent_saved
-    client = Client.find(:first)
-    apple = Firm.new("name" => "Apple")
-    client.firm = apple
-    assert_equal apple, client.firm
-    assert apple.new_record?
-    assert client.save
-    assert apple.save
-    assert !apple.new_record?
-    assert_equal apple, client.firm
-    assert_equal apple, client.firm(true)
-  end
-
   def test_assignment_before_child_saved
     final_cut = Client.new("name" => "Final Cut")
     firm = Firm.find(1)
@@ -215,19 +202,6 @@ class BelongsToAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal firm, final_cut.firm(true)
   end
 
-  def test_assignment_before_either_saved
-    final_cut = Client.new("name" => "Final Cut")
-    apple = Firm.new("name" => "Apple")
-    final_cut.firm = apple
-    assert final_cut.new_record?
-    assert apple.new_record?
-    assert final_cut.save
-    assert !final_cut.new_record?
-    assert !apple.new_record?
-    assert_equal apple, final_cut.firm
-    assert_equal apple, final_cut.firm(true)
-  end
-
   def test_new_record_with_foreign_key_but_no_object
     c = Client.new("firm_id" => 1)
     assert_equal Firm.find(:first), c.firm_with_basic_id
@@ -274,90 +248,6 @@ class BelongsToAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal 17, reply.replies.size
   end
 
-  def test_store_two_association_with_one_save
-    num_orders = Order.count
-    num_customers = Customer.count
-    order = Order.new
-
-    customer1 = order.billing = Customer.new
-    customer2 = order.shipping = Customer.new
-    assert order.save
-    assert_equal customer1, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer2, order.shipping
-
-    order.reload
-
-    assert_equal customer1, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer2, order.shipping
-
-    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
-    assert_equal num_customers +2, Customer.count
-  end
-
-
-  def test_store_association_in_two_relations_with_one_save
-    num_orders = Order.count
-    num_customers = Customer.count
-    order = Order.new
-
-    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
-    assert order.save
-    assert_equal customer, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
-
-    order.reload
-
-    assert_equal customer, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
-
-    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
-    assert_equal num_customers +1, Customer.count
-  end
-
-  def test_store_association_in_two_relations_with_one_save_in_existing_object
-    num_orders = Order.count
-    num_customers = Customer.count
-    order = Order.create
-
-    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
-    assert order.save
-    assert_equal customer, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
-
-    order.reload
-
-    assert_equal customer, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
-
-    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
-    assert_equal num_customers +1, Customer.count
-  end
-
-  def test_store_association_in_two_relations_with_one_save_in_existing_object_with_values
-    num_orders = Order.count
-    num_customers = Customer.count
-    order = Order.create
-
-    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
-    assert order.save
-    assert_equal customer, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
-
-    order.reload
-
-    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
-
-    assert order.save
-    order.reload
-
-    assert_equal customer, order.billing
-    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
-
-    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
-    assert_equal num_customers +2, Customer.count
-  end
-
-
   def test_association_assignment_sticks
     post = Post.find(:first)
 
@@ -410,25 +300,6 @@ class BelongsToAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal nil, sponsor.sponsorable_id
   end
 
-  def test_save_fails_for_invalid_belongs_to
-    assert log = AuditLog.create(:developer_id=>0,:message=>"")
-
-    log.developer = Developer.new
-    assert !log.developer.valid?
-    assert !log.valid?
-    assert !log.save
-    assert_equal "is invalid", log.errors.on("developer")
-  end
-
-  def test_save_succeeds_for_invalid_belongs_to_with_validate_false
-    assert log = AuditLog.create(:developer_id=>0,:message=>"")
-
-    log.unvalidated_developer = Developer.new
-    assert !log.unvalidated_developer.valid?
-    assert log.valid?
-    assert log.save
-  end
-
   def test_belongs_to_proxy_should_not_respond_to_private_methods
     assert_raises(NoMethodError) { companies(:first_firm).private_method }
     assert_raises(NoMethodError) { companies(:second_client).firm.private_method }
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_many_associations_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_many_associations_test.rb
index a2525f1d70..5efbc5bd0c 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_many_associations_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_many_associations_test.rb
@@ -317,81 +317,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal 3, companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm(true).size
   end
 
-  def test_adding_before_save
-    no_of_firms = Firm.count
-    no_of_clients = Client.count
-
-    new_firm = Firm.new("name" => "A New Firm, Inc")
-    c = Client.new("name" => "Apple")
-
-    new_firm.clients_of_firm.push Client.new("name" => "Natural Company")
-    assert_equal 1, new_firm.clients_of_firm.size
-    new_firm.clients_of_firm << c
-    assert_equal 2, new_firm.clients_of_firm.size
-
-    assert_equal no_of_firms, Firm.count      # Firm was not saved to database.
-    assert_equal no_of_clients, Client.count  # Clients were not saved to database.
-    assert new_firm.save
-    assert !new_firm.new_record?
-    assert !c.new_record?
-    assert_equal new_firm, c.firm
-    assert_equal no_of_firms+1, Firm.count      # Firm was saved to database.
-    assert_equal no_of_clients+2, Client.count  # Clients were saved to database.
-
-    assert_equal 2, new_firm.clients_of_firm.size
-    assert_equal 2, new_firm.clients_of_firm(true).size
-  end
-
-  def test_invalid_adding
-    firm = Firm.find(1)
-    assert !(firm.clients_of_firm << c = Client.new)
-    assert c.new_record?
-    assert !firm.valid?
-    assert !firm.save
-    assert c.new_record?
-  end
-
-  def test_invalid_adding_before_save
-    no_of_firms = Firm.count
-    no_of_clients = Client.count
-    new_firm = Firm.new("name" => "A New Firm, Inc")
-    new_firm.clients_of_firm.concat([c = Client.new, Client.new("name" => "Apple")])
-    assert c.new_record?
-    assert !c.valid?
-    assert !new_firm.valid?
-    assert !new_firm.save
-    assert c.new_record?
-    assert new_firm.new_record?
-  end
-
-  def test_invalid_adding_with_validate_false
-    firm = Firm.find(:first)
-    client = Client.new
-    firm.unvalidated_clients_of_firm << client
-
-    assert firm.valid?
-    assert !client.valid?
-    assert firm.save
-    assert client.new_record?
-  end
-
-  def test_valid_adding_with_validate_false
-    no_of_clients = Client.count
-
-    firm = Firm.find(:first)
-    client = Client.new("name" => "Apple")
-
-    assert firm.valid?
-    assert client.valid?
-    assert client.new_record?
-
-    firm.unvalidated_clients_of_firm << client
-
-    assert firm.save
-    assert !client.new_record?
-    assert_equal no_of_clients+1, Client.count
-  end
-
   def test_build
     company = companies(:first_firm)
     new_client = assert_no_queries { company.clients_of_firm.build("name" => "Another Client") }
@@ -400,10 +325,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal "Another Client", new_client.name
     assert new_client.new_record?
     assert_equal new_client, company.clients_of_firm.last
-    company.name += '-changed'
-    assert_queries(2) { assert company.save }
-    assert !new_client.new_record?
-    assert_equal 2, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
   end
 
   def test_collection_size_after_building
@@ -428,11 +349,7 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
   def test_build_many
     company = companies(:first_firm)
     new_clients = assert_no_queries { company.clients_of_firm.build([{"name" => "Another Client"}, {"name" => "Another Client II"}]) }
-
     assert_equal 2, new_clients.size
-    company.name += '-changed'
-    assert_queries(3) { assert company.save }
-    assert_equal 3, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
   end
 
   def test_build_followed_by_save_does_not_load_target
@@ -463,10 +380,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal "Another Client", new_client.name
     assert new_client.new_record?
     assert_equal new_client, company.clients_of_firm.last
-    company.name += '-changed'
-    assert_queries(2) { assert company.save }
-    assert !new_client.new_record?
-    assert_equal 2, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
   end
 
   def test_build_many_via_block
@@ -480,10 +393,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal 2, new_clients.size
     assert_equal "changed", new_clients.first.name
     assert_equal "changed", new_clients.last.name
-
-    company.name += '-changed'
-    assert_queries(3) { assert company.save }
-    assert_equal 3, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
   end
 
   def test_create_without_loading_association
@@ -501,16 +410,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal 2, first_firm.clients_of_firm.size
   end
 
-  def test_invalid_build
-    new_client = companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm.build
-    assert new_client.new_record?
-    assert !new_client.valid?
-    assert_equal new_client, companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm.last
-    assert !companies(:first_firm).save
-    assert new_client.new_record?
-    assert_equal 1, companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm(true).size
-  end
-
   def test_create
     force_signal37_to_load_all_clients_of_firm
     new_client = companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm.create("name" => "Another Client")
@@ -843,15 +742,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert !firm.clients.include?(:first_client)
   end
 
-  def test_replace_on_new_object
-    firm = Firm.new("name" => "New Firm")
-    firm.clients = [companies(:second_client), Client.new("name" => "New Client")]
-    assert firm.save
-    firm.reload
-    assert_equal 2, firm.clients.length
-    assert firm.clients.include?(Client.find_by_name("New Client"))
-  end
-
   def test_get_ids
     assert_equal [companies(:first_client).id, companies(:second_client).id], companies(:first_firm).client_ids
   end
@@ -879,15 +769,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert company.clients_using_sql.loaded?
   end
 
-  def test_assign_ids
-    firm = Firm.new("name" => "Apple")
-    firm.client_ids = [companies(:first_client).id, companies(:second_client).id]
-    firm.save
-    firm.reload
-    assert_equal 2, firm.clients.length
-    assert firm.clients.include?(companies(:second_client))
-  end
-
   def test_assign_ids_ignoring_blanks
     firm = Firm.create!(:name => 'Apple')
     firm.client_ids = [companies(:first_client).id, nil, companies(:second_client).id, '']
@@ -910,16 +791,6 @@ class HasManyAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     ].each {|block| assert_raise(ActiveRecord::HasManyThroughCantAssociateThroughHasManyReflection, &block) }
   end
 
-
-  def test_assign_ids_for_through_a_belongs_to
-    post = Post.new(:title => "Assigning IDs works!", :body => "You heared it here first, folks!")
-    post.person_ids = [people(:david).id, people(:michael).id]
-    post.save
-    post.reload
-    assert_equal 2, post.people.length
-    assert post.people.include?(people(:david))
-  end
-
   def test_dynamic_find_should_respect_association_order_for_through
     assert_equal Comment.find(10), authors(:david).comments_desc.find(:first, :conditions => "comments.type = 'SpecialComment'")
     assert_equal Comment.find(10), authors(:david).comments_desc.find_by_type('SpecialComment')
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_one_associations_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_one_associations_test.rb
index 14032a67c0..e81bba790a 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_one_associations_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/associations/has_one_associations_test.rb
@@ -193,28 +193,6 @@ class HasOneAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal account, firm.account
   end
 
-  def test_build_before_child_saved
-    firm = Firm.find(1)
-
-    account = firm.account.build("credit_limit" => 1000)
-    assert_equal account, firm.account
-    assert account.new_record?
-    assert firm.save
-    assert_equal account, firm.account
-    assert !account.new_record?
-  end
-
-  def test_build_before_either_saved
-    firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
-
-    firm.account = account = Account.new("credit_limit" => 1000)
-    assert_equal account, firm.account
-    assert account.new_record?
-    assert firm.save
-    assert_equal account, firm.account
-    assert !account.new_record?
-  end
-
   def test_failing_build_association
     firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
     firm.save
@@ -253,16 +231,6 @@ class HasOneAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     firm.destroy
   end
 
-  def test_assignment_before_parent_saved
-    firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
-    firm.account = a = Account.find(1)
-    assert firm.new_record?
-    assert_equal a, firm.account
-    assert firm.save
-    assert_equal a, firm.account
-    assert_equal a, firm.account(true)
-  end
-
   def test_finding_with_interpolated_condition
     firm = Firm.find(:first)
     superior = firm.clients.create(:name => 'SuperiorCo')
@@ -279,61 +247,6 @@ class HasOneAssociationsTest < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_equal a, firm.account
     assert_equal a, firm.account(true)
   end
-  
-  def test_save_fails_for_invalid_has_one
-    firm = Firm.find(:first)
-    assert firm.valid?
-    
-    firm.account = Account.new
-    
-    assert !firm.account.valid?
-    assert !firm.valid?
-    assert !firm.save
-    assert_equal "is invalid", firm.errors.on("account")
-  end
-
-
-  def test_save_succeeds_for_invalid_has_one_with_validate_false
-    firm = Firm.find(:first)
-    assert firm.valid?
-
-    firm.unvalidated_account = Account.new
-
-    assert !firm.unvalidated_account.valid?
-    assert firm.valid?
-    assert firm.save
-  end
-
-  def test_assignment_before_either_saved
-    firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
-    firm.account = a = Account.new("credit_limit" => 1000)
-    assert firm.new_record?
-    assert a.new_record?
-    assert_equal a, firm.account
-    assert firm.save
-    assert !firm.new_record?
-    assert !a.new_record?
-    assert_equal a, firm.account
-    assert_equal a, firm.account(true)
-  end
-
-  def test_not_resaved_when_unchanged
-    firm = Firm.find(:first, :include => :account)
-    firm.name += '-changed'
-    assert_queries(1) { firm.save! }
-
-    firm = Firm.find(:first)
-    firm.account = Account.find(:first)
-    assert_queries(Firm.partial_updates? ? 0 : 1) { firm.save! }
-
-    firm = Firm.find(:first).clone
-    firm.account = Account.find(:first)
-    assert_queries(2) { firm.save! }
-
-    firm = Firm.find(:first).clone
-    firm.account = Account.find(:first).clone
-    assert_queries(2) { firm.save! }
-  end
 
   def test_save_still_works_after_accessing_nil_has_one
     jp = Company.new :name => 'Jaded Pixel'
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/autosave_association_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/autosave_association_test.rb
index 381249c0c2..b179bd827a 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/autosave_association_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/autosave_association_test.rb
@@ -1,10 +1,17 @@
-require "cases/helper"
-require "models/pirate"
-require "models/ship"
-require "models/ship_part"
-require "models/bird"
-require "models/parrot"
-require "models/treasure"
+require 'cases/helper'
+require 'models/bird'
+require 'models/company'
+require 'models/customer'
+require 'models/developer'
+require 'models/order'
+require 'models/parrot'
+require 'models/person'
+require 'models/pirate'
+require 'models/post'
+require 'models/reader'
+require 'models/ship'
+require 'models/ship_part'
+require 'models/treasure'
 
 class TestAutosaveAssociationsInGeneral < ActiveRecord::TestCase
   def test_autosave_should_be_a_valid_option_for_has_one
@@ -30,6 +37,383 @@ class TestAutosaveAssociationsInGeneral < ActiveRecord::TestCase
   end
 end
 
+class TestDefaultAutosaveAssociationOnAHasOneAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def test_save_fails_for_invalid_has_one
+    firm = Firm.find(:first)
+    assert firm.valid?
+
+    firm.account = Account.new
+
+    assert !firm.account.valid?
+    assert !firm.valid?
+    assert !firm.save
+    assert_equal "is invalid", firm.errors.on("account")
+  end
+
+  def test_save_succeeds_for_invalid_has_one_with_validate_false
+    firm = Firm.find(:first)
+    assert firm.valid?
+
+    firm.unvalidated_account = Account.new
+
+    assert !firm.unvalidated_account.valid?
+    assert firm.valid?
+    assert firm.save
+  end
+
+  def test_build_before_child_saved
+    firm = Firm.find(1)
+
+    account = firm.account.build("credit_limit" => 1000)
+    assert_equal account, firm.account
+    assert account.new_record?
+    assert firm.save
+    assert_equal account, firm.account
+    assert !account.new_record?
+  end
+
+  def test_build_before_either_saved
+    firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
+
+    firm.account = account = Account.new("credit_limit" => 1000)
+    assert_equal account, firm.account
+    assert account.new_record?
+    assert firm.save
+    assert_equal account, firm.account
+    assert !account.new_record?
+  end
+
+  def test_assignment_before_parent_saved
+    firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
+    firm.account = a = Account.find(1)
+    assert firm.new_record?
+    assert_equal a, firm.account
+    assert firm.save
+    assert_equal a, firm.account
+    assert_equal a, firm.account(true)
+  end
+
+  def test_assignment_before_either_saved
+    firm = Firm.new("name" => "GlobalMegaCorp")
+    firm.account = a = Account.new("credit_limit" => 1000)
+    assert firm.new_record?
+    assert a.new_record?
+    assert_equal a, firm.account
+    assert firm.save
+    assert !firm.new_record?
+    assert !a.new_record?
+    assert_equal a, firm.account
+    assert_equal a, firm.account(true)
+  end
+
+  def test_not_resaved_when_unchanged
+    firm = Firm.find(:first, :include => :account)
+    firm.name += '-changed'
+    assert_queries(1) { firm.save! }
+
+    firm = Firm.find(:first)
+    firm.account = Account.find(:first)
+    assert_queries(Firm.partial_updates? ? 0 : 1) { firm.save! }
+
+    firm = Firm.find(:first).clone
+    firm.account = Account.find(:first)
+    assert_queries(2) { firm.save! }
+
+    firm = Firm.find(:first).clone
+    firm.account = Account.find(:first).clone
+    assert_queries(2) { firm.save! }
+  end
+end
+
+class TestDefaultAutosaveAssociationOnABelongsToAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  def test_save_fails_for_invalid_belongs_to
+    assert log = AuditLog.create(:developer_id => 0, :message => "")
+
+    log.developer = Developer.new
+    assert !log.developer.valid?
+    assert !log.valid?
+    assert !log.save
+    assert_equal "is invalid", log.errors.on("developer")
+  end
+
+  def test_save_succeeds_for_invalid_belongs_to_with_validate_false
+    assert log = AuditLog.create(:developer_id => 0, :message=> "")
+
+    log.unvalidated_developer = Developer.new
+    assert !log.unvalidated_developer.valid?
+    assert log.valid?
+    assert log.save
+  end
+
+  def test_assignment_before_parent_saved
+    client = Client.find(:first)
+    apple = Firm.new("name" => "Apple")
+    client.firm = apple
+    assert_equal apple, client.firm
+    assert apple.new_record?
+    assert client.save
+    assert apple.save
+    assert !apple.new_record?
+    assert_equal apple, client.firm
+    assert_equal apple, client.firm(true)
+  end
+
+  def test_assignment_before_either_saved
+    final_cut = Client.new("name" => "Final Cut")
+    apple = Firm.new("name" => "Apple")
+    final_cut.firm = apple
+    assert final_cut.new_record?
+    assert apple.new_record?
+    assert final_cut.save
+    assert !final_cut.new_record?
+    assert !apple.new_record?
+    assert_equal apple, final_cut.firm
+    assert_equal apple, final_cut.firm(true)
+  end
+
+  def test_store_two_association_with_one_save
+    num_orders = Order.count
+    num_customers = Customer.count
+    order = Order.new
+
+    customer1 = order.billing = Customer.new
+    customer2 = order.shipping = Customer.new
+    assert order.save
+    assert_equal customer1, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer2, order.shipping
+
+    order.reload
+
+    assert_equal customer1, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer2, order.shipping
+
+    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
+    assert_equal num_customers +2, Customer.count
+  end
+
+  def test_store_association_in_two_relations_with_one_save
+    num_orders = Order.count
+    num_customers = Customer.count
+    order = Order.new
+
+    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
+    assert order.save
+    assert_equal customer, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
+
+    order.reload
+
+    assert_equal customer, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
+
+    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
+    assert_equal num_customers +1, Customer.count
+  end
+
+  def test_store_association_in_two_relations_with_one_save_in_existing_object
+    num_orders = Order.count
+    num_customers = Customer.count
+    order = Order.create
+
+    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
+    assert order.save
+    assert_equal customer, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
+
+    order.reload
+
+    assert_equal customer, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
+
+    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
+    assert_equal num_customers +1, Customer.count
+  end
+
+  def test_store_association_in_two_relations_with_one_save_in_existing_object_with_values
+    num_orders = Order.count
+    num_customers = Customer.count
+    order = Order.create
+
+    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
+    assert order.save
+    assert_equal customer, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
+
+    order.reload
+
+    customer = order.billing = order.shipping = Customer.new
+
+    assert order.save
+    order.reload
+
+    assert_equal customer, order.billing
+    assert_equal customer, order.shipping
+
+    assert_equal num_orders +1, Order.count
+    assert_equal num_customers +2, Customer.count
+  end
+end
+
+class TestDefaultAutosaveAssociationOnAHasManyAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
+  fixtures :companies, :people
+
+  def test_invalid_adding
+    firm = Firm.find(1)
+    assert !(firm.clients_of_firm << c = Client.new)
+    assert c.new_record?
+    assert !firm.valid?
+    assert !firm.save
+    assert c.new_record?
+  end
+
+  def test_invalid_adding_before_save
+    no_of_firms = Firm.count
+    no_of_clients = Client.count
+    new_firm = Firm.new("name" => "A New Firm, Inc")
+    new_firm.clients_of_firm.concat([c = Client.new, Client.new("name" => "Apple")])
+    assert c.new_record?
+    assert !c.valid?
+    assert !new_firm.valid?
+    assert !new_firm.save
+    assert c.new_record?
+    assert new_firm.new_record?
+  end
+
+  def test_invalid_adding_with_validate_false
+    firm = Firm.find(:first)
+    client = Client.new
+    firm.unvalidated_clients_of_firm << client
+
+    assert firm.valid?
+    assert !client.valid?
+    assert firm.save
+    assert client.new_record?
+  end
+
+  def test_valid_adding_with_validate_false
+    no_of_clients = Client.count
+
+    firm = Firm.find(:first)
+    client = Client.new("name" => "Apple")
+
+    assert firm.valid?
+    assert client.valid?
+    assert client.new_record?
+
+    firm.unvalidated_clients_of_firm << client
+
+    assert firm.save
+    assert !client.new_record?
+    assert_equal no_of_clients+1, Client.count
+  end
+
+  def test_invalid_build
+    new_client = companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm.build
+    assert new_client.new_record?
+    assert !new_client.valid?
+    assert_equal new_client, companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm.last
+    assert !companies(:first_firm).save
+    assert new_client.new_record?
+    assert_equal 1, companies(:first_firm).clients_of_firm(true).size
+  end
+
+  def test_adding_before_save
+    no_of_firms = Firm.count
+    no_of_clients = Client.count
+
+    new_firm = Firm.new("name" => "A New Firm, Inc")
+    c = Client.new("name" => "Apple")
+
+    new_firm.clients_of_firm.push Client.new("name" => "Natural Company")
+    assert_equal 1, new_firm.clients_of_firm.size
+    new_firm.clients_of_firm << c
+    assert_equal 2, new_firm.clients_of_firm.size
+
+    assert_equal no_of_firms, Firm.count      # Firm was not saved to database.
+    assert_equal no_of_clients, Client.count  # Clients were not saved to database.
+    assert new_firm.save
+    assert !new_firm.new_record?
+    assert !c.new_record?
+    assert_equal new_firm, c.firm
+    assert_equal no_of_firms+1, Firm.count      # Firm was saved to database.
+    assert_equal no_of_clients+2, Client.count  # Clients were saved to database.
+
+    assert_equal 2, new_firm.clients_of_firm.size
+    assert_equal 2, new_firm.clients_of_firm(true).size
+  end
+
+  def test_assign_ids
+    firm = Firm.new("name" => "Apple")
+    firm.client_ids = [companies(:first_client).id, companies(:second_client).id]
+    firm.save
+    firm.reload
+    assert_equal 2, firm.clients.length
+    assert firm.clients.include?(companies(:second_client))
+  end
+
+  def test_assign_ids_for_through_a_belongs_to
+    post = Post.new(:title => "Assigning IDs works!", :body => "You heared it here first, folks!")
+    post.person_ids = [people(:david).id, people(:michael).id]
+    post.save
+    post.reload
+    assert_equal 2, post.people.length
+    assert post.people.include?(people(:david))
+  end
+
+  def test_build_before_save
+    company = companies(:first_firm)
+    new_client = assert_no_queries { company.clients_of_firm.build("name" => "Another Client") }
+    assert !company.clients_of_firm.loaded?
+
+    company.name += '-changed'
+    assert_queries(2) { assert company.save }
+    assert !new_client.new_record?
+    assert_equal 2, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
+  end
+
+  def test_build_many_before_save
+    company = companies(:first_firm)
+    new_clients = assert_no_queries { company.clients_of_firm.build([{"name" => "Another Client"}, {"name" => "Another Client II"}]) }
+
+    company.name += '-changed'
+    assert_queries(3) { assert company.save }
+    assert_equal 3, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
+  end
+
+  def test_build_via_block_before_save
+    company = companies(:first_firm)
+    new_client = assert_no_queries { company.clients_of_firm.build {|client| client.name = "Another Client" } }
+    assert !company.clients_of_firm.loaded?
+
+    company.name += '-changed'
+    assert_queries(2) { assert company.save }
+    assert !new_client.new_record?
+    assert_equal 2, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
+  end
+
+  def test_build_many_via_block_before_save
+    company = companies(:first_firm)
+    new_clients = assert_no_queries do
+      company.clients_of_firm.build([{"name" => "Another Client"}, {"name" => "Another Client II"}]) do |client|
+        client.name = "changed"
+      end
+    end
+
+    company.name += '-changed'
+    assert_queries(3) { assert company.save }
+    assert_equal 3, company.clients_of_firm(true).size
+  end
+
+  def test_replace_on_new_object
+    firm = Firm.new("name" => "New Firm")
+    firm.clients = [companies(:second_client), Client.new("name" => "New Client")]
+    assert firm.save
+    firm.reload
+    assert_equal 2, firm.clients.length
+    assert firm.clients.include?(Client.find_by_name("New Client"))
+  end
+end
+
 class TestDestroyAsPartOfAutosaveAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
   self.use_transactional_fixtures = false
 
@@ -62,6 +446,14 @@ class TestDestroyAsPartOfAutosaveAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_nil Ship.find_by_id(id)
   end
 
+  def test_should_skip_validation_on_a_child_association_if_marked_for_destruction
+    @pirate.ship.name = ''
+    assert !@pirate.valid?
+
+    @pirate.ship.mark_for_destruction
+    assert_difference('Ship.count', -1) { @pirate.save! }
+  end
+
   def test_should_rollback_destructions_if_an_exception_occurred_while_saving_a_child
     # Stub the save method of the @pirate.ship instance to destroy and then raise an exception
     class << @pirate.ship
@@ -91,6 +483,14 @@ class TestDestroyAsPartOfAutosaveAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert_nil Pirate.find_by_id(id)
   end
 
+  def test_should_skip_validation_on_a_parent_association_if_marked_for_destruction
+    @ship.pirate.catchphrase = ''
+    assert !@ship.valid?
+
+    @ship.pirate.mark_for_destruction
+    assert_difference('Pirate.count', -1) { @ship.save! }
+  end
+
   def test_should_rollback_destructions_if_an_exception_occurred_while_saving_a_parent
     # Stub the save method of the @ship.pirate instance to destroy and then raise an exception
     class << @ship.pirate
@@ -124,6 +524,17 @@ class TestDestroyAsPartOfAutosaveAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
       ids.each { |id| assert_nil klass.find_by_id(id) }
     end
 
+    define_method("test_should_skip_validation_on_the_#{association_name}_association_if_marked_for_destruction") do
+      2.times { |i| @pirate.send(association_name).create!(:name => "#{association_name}_#{i}") }
+      children = @pirate.send(association_name)
+
+      children.each { |child| child.name = '' }
+      assert !@pirate.valid?
+
+      children.each { |child| child.mark_for_destruction }
+      assert_difference("#{association_name.classify}.count", -2) { @pirate.save! }
+    end
+
     define_method("test_should_rollback_destructions_if_an_exception_occurred_while_saving_#{association_name}") do
       2.times { |i| @pirate.send(association_name).create!(:name => "#{association_name}_#{i}") }
       before = @pirate.send(association_name).map { |c| c }
@@ -181,6 +592,14 @@ class TestAutosaveAssociationOnAHasOneAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert !@pirate.errors.on(:ship_name).blank?
   end
 
+  def test_should_merge_errors_on_the_associated_models_onto_the_parent_even_if_it_is_not_valid
+    @pirate.ship.name   = nil
+    @pirate.catchphrase = nil
+    assert !@pirate.valid?
+    assert !@pirate.errors.on(:ship_name).blank?
+    assert !@pirate.errors.on(:catchphrase).blank?
+  end
+
   def test_should_still_allow_to_bypass_validations_on_the_associated_model
     @pirate.catchphrase = ''
     @pirate.ship.name = ''
@@ -263,6 +682,14 @@ class TestAutosaveAssociationOnABelongsToAssociation < ActiveRecord::TestCase
     assert !@ship.errors.on(:pirate_catchphrase).blank?
   end
 
+  def test_should_merge_errors_on_the_associated_model_onto_the_parent_even_if_it_is_not_valid
+    @ship.name = nil
+    @ship.pirate.catchphrase = nil
+    assert !@ship.valid?
+    assert !@ship.errors.on(:name).blank?
+    assert !@ship.errors.on(:pirate_catchphrase).blank?
+  end
+
   def test_should_still_allow_to_bypass_validations_on_the_associated_model
     @ship.pirate.catchphrase = ''
     @ship.name = ''
@@ -326,7 +753,24 @@ module AutosaveAssociationOnACollectionAssociationTests
     assert @pirate.errors.on(@association_name).blank?
   end
 
-  def test_should_still_allow_to_bypass_validations_on_the_associated_models
+  def test_should_not_use_default_invalid_error_on_associated_models
+    @pirate.send(@association_name).build(:name => '')
+
+    assert !@pirate.valid?
+    assert_equal "can't be blank", @pirate.errors.on("#{@association_name}_name")
+    assert @pirate.errors.on(@association_name).blank?
+  end
+
+  def test_should_merge_errors_on_the_associated_models_onto_the_parent_even_if_it_is_not_valid
+    @pirate.send(@association_name).each { |child| child.name = '' }
+    @pirate.catchphrase = nil
+
+    assert !@pirate.valid?
+    assert_equal "can't be blank", @pirate.errors.on("#{@association_name}_name")
+    assert !@pirate.errors.on(:catchphrase).blank?
+  end
+
+  def test_should_allow_to_bypass_validations_on_the_associated_models_on_update
     @pirate.catchphrase = ''
     @pirate.send(@association_name).each { |child| child.name = '' }
 
@@ -338,6 +782,20 @@ module AutosaveAssociationOnACollectionAssociationTests
     ]
   end
 
+  def test_should_validation_the_associated_models_on_create
+    assert_no_difference("#{ @association_name == :birds ? 'Bird' : 'Parrot' }.count") do
+      2.times { @pirate.send(@association_name).build }
+      @pirate.save(true)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_should_allow_to_bypass_validations_on_the_associated_models_on_create
+    assert_difference("#{ @association_name == :birds ? 'Bird' : 'Parrot' }.count", +2) do
+      2.times { @pirate.send(@association_name).build }
+      @pirate.save(false)
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_should_rollback_any_changes_if_an_exception_occurred_while_saving
     before = [@pirate.catchphrase, *@pirate.send(@association_name).map(&:name)]
     new_names = ['Grace OMalley', 'Privateers Greed']
diff --git a/activeresource/CHANGELOG b/activeresource/CHANGELOG
index fcb5dd5f46..8f6101acd6 100644
--- a/activeresource/CHANGELOG
+++ b/activeresource/CHANGELOG
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+*2.3.1 [RC2] (February 27th, 2009)*
+
+* Nothing new, just included in 2.3.1
+
+
 *2.3.0 [RC1] (February 1st, 2009)*
 
 * Nothing new, just included in 2.3.0
diff --git a/activeresource/Rakefile b/activeresource/Rakefile
index 6af2e6cfba..fc67b52089 100644
--- a/activeresource/Rakefile
+++ b/activeresource/Rakefile
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
     s.files = s.files + Dir.glob( "#{dir}/**/*" ).delete_if { |item| item.include?( "\.svn" ) }
   end
   
-  s.add_dependency('activesupport', '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('activesupport', '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
 
   s.require_path = 'lib'
   s.autorequire = 'active_resource'
diff --git a/activeresource/lib/active_resource/version.rb b/activeresource/lib/active_resource/version.rb
index c420ac813e..4ac7eb1c06 100644
--- a/activeresource/lib/active_resource/version.rb
+++ b/activeresource/lib/active_resource/version.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActiveResource
   module VERSION #:nodoc:
     MAJOR = 2
     MINOR = 3
-    TINY  = 0
+    TINY  = 1
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY].join('.')
   end
diff --git a/activesupport/CHANGELOG b/activesupport/CHANGELOG
index 70bea27cd1..c0f24a103d 100644
--- a/activesupport/CHANGELOG
+++ b/activesupport/CHANGELOG
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-*Edge*
+*2.3.1 [RC2] (February 27th, 2009)*
+
+* Vendorize i18n 0.1.3 gem (fixes issues with incompatible character encodings in Ruby 1.9) #2038 [Akira Matsuda]
 
 * Update bundled memcache-client from 1.5.0.5 to 1.6.4.99. See http://www.mikeperham.com/2009/02/15/memcache-client-performance/  [Mike Perham]
 
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/array/conversions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/array/conversions.rb
index a9b50ca92d..ba8e022fb2 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/array/conversions.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/array/conversions.rb
@@ -7,10 +7,9 @@ module ActiveSupport #:nodoc:
         # * <tt>:two_words_connector</tt> - The sign or word used to join the elements in arrays with two elements (default: " and ")
         # * <tt>:last_word_connector</tt> - The sign or word used to join the last element in arrays with three or more elements (default: ", and ")
         def to_sentence(options = {})
-   
-          default_words_connector = I18n.translate(:'support.array.words_connector', :locale => options[:locale])
+          default_words_connector     = I18n.translate(:'support.array.words_connector',     :locale => options[:locale])
           default_two_words_connector = I18n.translate(:'support.array.two_words_connector', :locale => options[:locale])
-          default_last_word_connector = I18n.translate(:'support.array.last_word_connector', :locale => options[:locale])          
+          default_last_word_connector = I18n.translate(:'support.array.last_word_connector', :locale => options[:locale])
 
           # Try to emulate to_senteces previous to 2.3
           if options.has_key?(:connector) || options.has_key?(:skip_last_comma)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb
index c41e86dfd1..f64661c5b1 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/duration.rb
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
       [:years, :months, :days, :minutes, :seconds].map do |length|
         n = consolidated[length]
         "#{n} #{n == 1 ? length.to_s.singularize : length.to_s}" if n.nonzero?
-      end.compact.to_sentence
+      end.compact.to_sentence(:locale => :en)
     end
 
     protected
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor.rb
index 39da70a9f3..28852e65c8 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor.rb
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ end
 
 # TODO I18n gem has not been released yet
 # begin
-#   gem 'i18n', '~> 0.1.1'
+#   gem 'i18n', '~> 0.1.3'
 # rescue Gem::LoadError
-  $:.unshift "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib"
+  $:.unshift "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib"
   require 'i18n'
 # end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/.gitignore b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/.gitignore
deleted file mode 100644
index 0f41a39f89..0000000000
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/.gitignore
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-.DS_Store
-test/rails/fixtures
-doc
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/MIT-LICENSE b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/MIT-LICENSE
index ed8e9ee66d..ed8e9ee66d 100755
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/MIT-LICENSE
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/MIT-LICENSE
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/README.textile b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/README.textile
index a07fc8426d..a07fc8426d 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/README.textile
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/README.textile
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/Rakefile b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/Rakefile
index 2164e13e69..2164e13e69 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/Rakefile
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/Rakefile
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/i18n.gemspec b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/i18n.gemspec
index 14294606bd..f102689a6f 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/i18n.gemspec
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/i18n.gemspec
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.name = "i18n"
-  s.version = "0.1.1"
-  s.date = "2008-10-26"
+  s.version = "0.1.3"
+  s.date = "2009-01-09"
   s.summary = "Internationalization support for Ruby"
   s.email = "rails-i18n@googlegroups.com"
   s.homepage = "http://rails-i18n.org"
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib/i18n.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib/i18n.rb
index 76361bed90..76361bed90 100755
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib/i18n.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib/i18n.rb
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb
index b54164d496..c09acd7d2d 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib/i18n/backend/simple.rb
@@ -151,12 +151,7 @@ module I18n
         def interpolate(locale, string, values = {})
           return string unless string.is_a?(String)
 
-          if string.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
-            original_encoding = string.encoding
-            string.force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY)
-          end
-
-          result = string.gsub(MATCH) do
+          string.gsub(MATCH) do
             escaped, pattern, key = $1, $2, $2.to_sym
 
             if escaped
@@ -169,9 +164,6 @@ module I18n
               values[key].to_s
             end
           end
-
-          result.force_encoding(original_encoding) if original_encoding
-          result
         end
 
         # Loads a single translations file by delegating to #load_rb or
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib/i18n/exceptions.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib/i18n/exceptions.rb
index b5cea7acb4..b5cea7acb4 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/lib/i18n/exceptions.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/lib/i18n/exceptions.rb
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/all.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/all.rb
index 353712da49..353712da49 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/all.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/all.rb
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/i18n_exceptions_test.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/i18n_exceptions_test.rb
index dfcba6901f..dfcba6901f 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/i18n_exceptions_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/i18n_exceptions_test.rb
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/i18n_test.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/i18n_test.rb
index bbb35ec809..bbb35ec809 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/i18n_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/i18n_test.rb
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/locale/en.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/locale/en.rb
index 6044ce10d9..6044ce10d9 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/locale/en.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/locale/en.rb
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/locale/en.yml b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/locale/en.yml
index 0b298c9c0e..0b298c9c0e 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/locale/en.yml
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/locale/en.yml
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/simple_backend_test.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/simple_backend_test.rb
index 8ba7036abf..7b7b137579 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.1/test/simple_backend_test.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/vendor/i18n-0.1.3/test/simple_backend_test.rb
@@ -253,6 +253,32 @@ class I18nSimpleBackendInterpolateTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert_equal 'Häi David!', @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, 'Häi {{name}}!', :name => 'David')
   end
 
+  def test_interpolate_given_an_unicode_value_hash_interpolates_to_the_string
+    assert_equal 'Hi ゆきひろ!', @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, 'Hi {{name}}!', :name => 'ゆきひろ')
+  end
+
+  def test_interpolate_given_an_unicode_value_hash_interpolates_into_unicode_string
+    assert_equal 'こんにちは、ゆきひろさん!', @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, 'こんにちは、{{name}}さん!', :name => 'ゆきひろ')
+  end
+
+  if Kernel.const_defined?(:Encoding)
+    def test_interpolate_given_a_non_unicode_multibyte_value_hash_interpolates_into_a_string_with_the_same_encoding
+      assert_equal euc_jp('Hi ゆきひろ!'), @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, 'Hi {{name}}!', :name => euc_jp('ゆきひろ'))
+    end
+
+    def test_interpolate_given_an_unicode_value_hash_into_a_non_unicode_multibyte_string_raises_encoding_compatibility_error
+      assert_raises(Encoding::CompatibilityError) do
+        @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, euc_jp('こんにちは、{{name}}さん!'), :name => 'ゆきひろ')
+      end
+    end
+
+    def test_interpolate_given_a_non_unicode_multibyte_value_hash_into_an_unicode_string_raises_encoding_compatibility_error
+      assert_raises(Encoding::CompatibilityError) do
+        @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, 'こんにちは、{{name}}さん!', :name => euc_jp('ゆきひろ'))
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_interpolate_given_nil_as_a_string_returns_nil
     assert_nil @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, nil, :name => 'David')
   end
@@ -272,6 +298,12 @@ class I18nSimpleBackendInterpolateTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
   def test_interpolate_given_a_string_containing_a_reserved_key_raises_reserved_interpolation_key
     assert_raises(I18n::ReservedInterpolationKey) { @backend.send(:interpolate, nil, '{{default}}', {:default => nil}) }
   end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def euc_jp(string)
+    string.encode!(Encoding::EUC_JP)
+  end
 end
 
 class I18nSimpleBackendLocalizeDateTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
@@ -485,6 +517,10 @@ end
 class I18nSimpleBackendLoadPathTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
   include I18nSimpleBackendTestSetup
 
+  def teardown
+    I18n.load_path = []
+  end
+
   def test_nested_load_paths_do_not_break_locale_loading
     @backend = I18n::Backend::Simple.new
     I18n.load_path = [[File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/locale/en.yml']]
@@ -492,6 +528,14 @@ class I18nSimpleBackendLoadPathTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert_nothing_raised { @backend.send :init_translations }
     assert_not_nil backend_get_translations
   end
+
+  def test_adding_arrays_of_filenames_to_load_path_do_not_break_locale_loading
+    @backend = I18n::Backend::Simple.new
+    I18n.load_path << Dir[File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/locale/*.{rb,yml}']
+    assert_nil backend_get_translations
+    assert_nothing_raised { @backend.send :init_translations }
+    assert_not_nil backend_get_translations
+  end
 end
 
 class I18nSimpleBackendReloadTranslationsTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
@@ -521,4 +565,4 @@ class I18nSimpleBackendReloadTranslationsTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
     @backend.reload!
     assert_equal @backend.initialized?, false
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/version.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/version.rb
index 3e2b29b327..8b65fffa08 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/version.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/version.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActiveSupport
   module VERSION #:nodoc:
     MAJOR = 2
     MINOR = 3
-    TINY  = 0
+    TINY  = 1
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY].join('.')
   end
diff --git a/railties/CHANGELOG b/railties/CHANGELOG
index 38c6f808e6..962869f9e1 100644
--- a/railties/CHANGELOG
+++ b/railties/CHANGELOG
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
+*2.3.1 [RC2] (February 27th, 2009)*
+
+* Allow metal to live in plugins #2045 [Matthew Rudy]
+
+
 *2.3.0 [RC1] (February 1st, 2009)*
 
+* Added metal [Josh Peek]
+
 * Remove script/performance/request in favour of the performance integration tests. [Pratik Naik]
 
   To continue using script/performance/request, install the request_profiler plugin :
diff --git a/railties/Rakefile b/railties/Rakefile
index 2cf0447bcf..0250cc72a5 100644
--- a/railties/Rakefile
+++ b/railties/Rakefile
@@ -311,11 +311,11 @@ spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   EOF
 
   s.add_dependency('rake', '>= 0.8.3')
-  s.add_dependency('activesupport',    '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
-  s.add_dependency('activerecord',     '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
-  s.add_dependency('actionpack',       '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
-  s.add_dependency('actionmailer',     '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
-  s.add_dependency('activeresource',   '= 2.3.0' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('activesupport',    '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('activerecord',     '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('actionpack',       '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('actionmailer',     '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
+  s.add_dependency('activeresource',   '= 2.3.1' + PKG_BUILD)
 
   s.rdoc_options << '--exclude' << '.'
   s.has_rdoc = false
diff --git a/railties/lib/initializer.rb b/railties/lib/initializer.rb
index 09affe9e36..24ce3e75ff 100644
--- a/railties/lib/initializer.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/initializer.rb
@@ -559,6 +559,8 @@ Run `rake gems:install` to install the missing gems.
     end
 
     def initialize_metal
+      Rails::Rack::Metal.metal_paths += plugin_loader.engine_metal_paths
+
       configuration.middleware.insert_before(
         :"ActionController::RewindableInput",
         Rails::Rack::Metal, :if => Rails::Rack::Metal.metals.any?)
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb b/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
index 4901abe808..80deb73bbb 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/plugin.rb
@@ -80,6 +80,10 @@ module Rails
       File.join(directory, 'app', 'controllers')
     end
 
+    def metal_path
+      File.join(directory, 'app', 'metal')
+    end
+
     def routing_file
       File.join(directory, 'config', 'routes.rb')
     end
@@ -100,7 +104,7 @@ module Rails
 
       
       def app_paths
-        [ File.join(directory, 'app', 'models'), File.join(directory, 'app', 'helpers'), controller_path ]
+        [ File.join(directory, 'app', 'models'), File.join(directory, 'app', 'helpers'), controller_path, metal_path ]
       end
       
       def lib_path
@@ -160,4 +164,4 @@ module Rails
       File.join(directory, 'rails', 'init.rb')
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb b/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb
index 7f85bb8966..66e01d70da 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/plugin/loader.rb
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ module Rails
         $LOAD_PATH.uniq!
       end
 
+      def engine_metal_paths
+        engines.collect(&:metal_path)
+      end
 
       protected
         def configure_engines
@@ -178,11 +181,11 @@ module Rails
           if explicit_plugin_loading_order?
             if configuration.plugins.detect {|plugin| plugin != :all && !loaded?(plugin) }
               missing_plugins = configuration.plugins - (plugins.map{|p| p.name.to_sym} + [:all])
-              raise LoadError, "Could not locate the following plugins: #{missing_plugins.to_sentence}"
+              raise LoadError, "Could not locate the following plugins: #{missing_plugins.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}"
             end
           end
         end
 
     end
   end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb b/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb
index b185227234..8dac992ef2 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/rack/metal.rb
@@ -6,14 +6,17 @@ module Rails
       NotFoundResponse = [404, {}, []].freeze
       NotFound = lambda { NotFoundResponse }
 
+      cattr_accessor :metal_paths
+      self.metal_paths = ["#{Rails.root}/app/metal"]
+
       def self.metals
-        base = "#{Rails.root}/app/metal"
-        matcher = /\A#{Regexp.escape(base)}\/(.*)\.rb\Z/
+        matcher = /#{Regexp.escape('/app/metal/')}(.*)\.rb\Z/
+        metal_glob = metal_paths.map{ |base| "#{base}/**/*.rb" }
 
-        Dir["#{base}/**/*.rb"].sort.map do |file|
-          file.sub!(matcher, '\1')
-          require file
-          file.classify.constantize
+        Dir[*metal_glob].sort.map do |file|
+          path = file.match(matcher)[1]
+          require path
+          path.classify.constantize
         end
       end
 
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/version.rb b/railties/lib/rails/version.rb
index 9bb4b2a96d..fd38705e75 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/version.rb
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/version.rb
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module Rails
   module VERSION #:nodoc:
     MAJOR = 2
     MINOR = 3
-    TINY  = 0
+    TINY  = 1
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY].join('.')
   end
diff --git a/railties/lib/tasks/testing.rake b/railties/lib/tasks/testing.rake
index 4242458672..fd5e52a05b 100644
--- a/railties/lib/tasks/testing.rake
+++ b/railties/lib/tasks/testing.rake
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ task :test do
       task
     end
   end.compact
-  abort "Errors running #{errors.to_sentence}!" if errors.any?
+  abort "Errors running #{errors.to_sentence(:locale => :en)}!" if errors.any?
 end
 
 namespace :test do
diff --git a/railties/test/fixtures/plugins/engines/engine/app/metal/engine_metal.rb b/railties/test/fixtures/plugins/engines/engine/app/metal/engine_metal.rb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d67a127ca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/railties/test/fixtures/plugins/engines/engine/app/metal/engine_metal.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+class EngineMetal
+  def self.call(env)
+    if env["PATH_INFO"] =~ /^\/metal/
+      [200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["Engine metal"]]
+    else
+      [404, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["Not Found"]]
+    end
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/railties/test/plugin_loader_test.rb b/railties/test/plugin_loader_test.rb
index e802b1ace7..b270748dd6 100644
--- a/railties/test/plugin_loader_test.rb
+++ b/railties/test/plugin_loader_test.rb
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ class TestPluginLoader < Test::Unit::TestCase
 
     @loader.add_plugin_load_paths
 
-    %w( models controllers helpers ).each do |app_part|
+    %w( models controllers metal helpers ).each do |app_part|
       assert ActiveSupport::Dependencies.load_paths.include?(
         File.join(plugin_fixture_path('engines/engine'), 'app', app_part)
       ), "Couldn't find #{app_part} in load path"
@@ -161,4 +161,4 @@ class TestPluginLoader < Test::Unit::TestCase
       $LOAD_PATH.clear
       ORIGINAL_LOAD_PATH.each { |path| $LOAD_PATH << path }
     end
-end
\ No newline at end of file
+end