require 'active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter'
require 'bigdecimal'
require 'bigdecimal/util'
# sqlserver_adapter.rb -- ActiveRecord adapter for Microsoft SQL Server
#
# Author: Joey Gibson <joey@joeygibson.com>
# Date: 10/14/2004
#
# Modifications: DeLynn Berry <delynnb@megastarfinancial.com>
# Date: 3/22/2005
#
# Modifications (ODBC): Mark Imbriaco <mark.imbriaco@pobox.com>
# Date: 6/26/2005
# Modifications (Migrations): Tom Ward <tom@popdog.net>
# Date: 27/10/2005
#
# Modifications (Numerous fixes as maintainer): Ryan Tomayko <rtomayko@gmail.com>
# Date: Up to July 2006
# Current maintainer: Tom Ward <tom@popdog.net>
module ActiveRecord
class Base
def self.sqlserver_connection(config) #:nodoc:
require_library_or_gem 'dbi' unless self.class.const_defined?(:DBI)
config = config.symbolize_keys
mode = config[:mode] ? config[:mode].to_s.upcase : 'ADO'
username = config[:username] ? config[:username].to_s : 'sa'
password = config[:password] ? config[:password].to_s : ''
autocommit = config.key?(:autocommit) ? config[:autocommit] : true
if mode == "ODBC"
raise ArgumentError, "Missing DSN. Argument ':dsn' must be set in order for this adapter to work." unless config.has_key?(:dsn)
dsn = config[:dsn]
driver_url = "DBI:ODBC:#{dsn}"
else
raise ArgumentError, "Missing Database. Argument ':database' must be set in order for this adapter to work." unless config.has_key?(:database)
database = config[:database]
host = config[:host] ? config[:host].to_s : 'localhost'
driver_url = "DBI:ADO:Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=#{host};Initial Catalog=#{database};User Id=#{username};Password=#{password};"
end
conn = DBI.connect(driver_url, username, password)
conn["AutoCommit"] = autocommit
ConnectionAdapters::SQLServerAdapter.new(conn, logger, [driver_url, username, password])
end
end # class Base
module ConnectionAdapters
class SQLServerColumn < Column# :nodoc:
attr_reader :identity, :is_special
def initialize(name, default, sql_type = nil, identity = false, null = true) # TODO: check ok to remove scale_value = 0
super(name, default, sql_type, null)
@identity = identity
@is_special = sql_type =~ /text|ntext|image/i
# TODO: check ok to remove @scale = scale_value
# SQL Server only supports limits on *char and float types
@limit = nil unless @type == :float or @type == :string
end
def simplified_type(field_type)
case field_type
when /money/i then :decimal
when /image/i then :binary
when /bit/i then :boolean
when /uniqueidentifier/i then :string
else super
end
end
def type_cast(value)
return nil if value.nil? || value =~ /^\s*null\s*$/i
case type
when :datetime then cast_to_datetime(value)
when :timestamp then cast_to_time(value)
when :time then cast_to_time(value)
when :date then cast_to_datetime(value)
when :boolean then value == true or (value =~ /^t(rue)?$/i) == 0 or value.to_s == '1'
else super
end
end
def cast_to_time(value)
return value if value.is_a?(Time)
time_array = ParseDate.parsedate(value)
Time.send(Base.default_timezone, *time_array) rescue nil
end
def cast_to_datetime(value)
return value.to_time if value.is_a?(DBI::Timestamp)
if value.is_a?(Time)
if value.year != 0 and value.month != 0 and value.day != 0
return value
else
return Time.mktime(2000, 1, 1, value.hour, value.min, value.sec) rescue nil
end
end
if value.is_a?(DateTime)
return Time.mktime(value.year, value.mon, value.day, value.hour, value.min, value.sec)
end
return cast_to_time(value) if value.is_a?(Date) or value.is_a?(String) rescue nil
value
end
# TODO: Find less hack way to convert DateTime objects into Times
def self.string_to_time(value)
if value.is_a?(DateTime)
return Time.mktime(value.year, value.mon, value.day, value.hour, value.min, value.sec)
else
super
end
end
# These methods will only allow the adapter to insert binary data with a length of 7K or less
# because of a SQL Server statement length policy.
def self.string_to_binary(value)
value.gsub(/(\r|\n|\0|\x1a)/) do
case $1
when "\r" then "%00"
when "\n" then "%01"
when "\0" then "%02"
when "\x1a" then "%03"
end
end
end
def self.binary_to_string(value)
value.gsub(/(%00|%01|%02|%03)/) do
case $1
when "%00" then "\r"
when "%01" then "\n"
when "%02\0" then "\0"
when "%03" then "\x1a"
end
end
end
end
# In ADO mode, this adapter will ONLY work on Windows systems,
# since it relies on Win32OLE, which, to my knowledge, is only
# available on Windows.
#
# This mode also relies on the ADO support in the DBI module. If you are using the
# one-click installer of Ruby, then you already have DBI installed, but
# the ADO module is *NOT* installed. You will need to get the latest
# source distribution of Ruby-DBI from http://ruby-dbi.sourceforge.net/
# unzip it, and copy the file
# <tt>src/lib/dbd_ado/ADO.rb</tt>
# to
# <tt>X:/Ruby/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/DBD/ADO/ADO.rb</tt>
# (you will more than likely need to create the ADO directory).
# Once you've installed that file, you are ready to go.
#
# In ODBC mode, the adapter requires the ODBC support in the DBI module which requires
# the Ruby ODBC module. Ruby ODBC 0.996 was used in development and testing,
# and it is available at http://www.ch-werner.de/rubyodbc/
#
# Options:
#
# * <tt>:mode</tt> -- ADO or ODBC. Defaults to ADO.
# * <tt>:username</tt> -- Defaults to sa.
# * <tt>:password</tt> -- Defaults to empty string.
#
# ADO specific options:
#
# * <tt>:host</tt> -- Defaults to localhost.
# * <tt>:database</tt> -- The name of the database. No default, must be provided.
#
# ODBC specific options:
#
# * <tt>:dsn</tt> -- Defaults to nothing.
#
# ADO code tested on Windows 2000 and higher systems,
# running ruby 1.8.2 (2004-07-29) [i386-mswin32], and SQL Server 2000 SP3.
#
# ODBC code tested on a Fedora Core 4 system, running FreeTDS 0.63,
# unixODBC 2.2.11, Ruby ODBC 0.996, Ruby DBI 0.0.23 and Ruby 1.8.2.
# [Linux strongmad 2.6.11-1.1369_FC4 #1 Thu Jun 2 22:55:56 EDT 2005 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux]
class SQLServerAdapter < AbstractAdapter
def initialize(connection, logger, connection_options=nil)
super(connection, logger)
@connection_options = connection_options
end
def native_database_types
{
:primary_key => "int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY",
:string => { :name => "varchar", :limit => 255 },
:text => { :name => "text" },
:integer => { :name => "int" },
:float => { :name => "float", :limit => 8 },
:decimal => { :name => "decimal" },
:datetime => { :name => "datetime" },
:timestamp => { :name => "datetime" },
:time => { :name => "datetime" },
:date => { :name => "datetime" },
:binary => { :name => "image"},
:boolean => { :name => "bit"}
}
end
def adapter_name
'SQLServer'
end
def supports_migrations? #:nodoc:
true
end
def type_to_sql(type, limit = nil, precision = nil, scale = nil) #:nodoc:
return super unless type.to_s == 'integer'
if limit.nil? || limit == 4
'integer'
elsif limit < 4
'smallint'
else
'bigint'
end
end
# CONNECTION MANAGEMENT ====================================#
# Returns true if the connection is active.
def active?
@connection.execute("SELECT 1").finish
true
rescue DBI::DatabaseError, DBI::InterfaceError
false
end
# Reconnects to the database, returns false if no connection could be made.
def reconnect!
disconnect!
@connection = DBI.connect(*@connection_options)
rescue DBI::DatabaseError => e
@logger.warn "#{adapter_name} reconnection failed: #{e.message}" if @logger
false
end
# Disconnects from the database
def disconnect!
@connection.disconnect rescue nil
end
def columns(table_name, name = nil)
return [] if table_name.blank?
table_name = table_name.to_s if table_name.is_a?(Symbol)
table_name = table_name.split('.')[-1] unless table_name.nil?
table_name = table_name.gsub(/[\[\]]/, '')
sql = %Q{
SELECT
cols.COLUMN_NAME as ColName,
cols.COLUMN_DEFAULT as DefaultValue,
cols.NUMERIC_SCALE as numeric_scale,
cols.NUMERIC_PRECISION as numeric_precision,
cols.DATA_TYPE as ColType,
cols.IS_NULLABLE As IsNullable,
COL_LENGTH(cols.TABLE_NAME, cols.COLUMN_NAME) as Length,
COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(cols.TABLE_NAME), cols.COLUMN_NAME, 'IsIdentity') as IsIdentity,
cols.NUMERIC_SCALE as Scale
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS cols
WHERE cols.TABLE_NAME = '#{table_name}'
}
# Comment out if you want to have the Columns select statment logged.
# Personally, I think it adds unnecessary bloat to the log.
# If you do comment it out, make sure to un-comment the "result" line that follows
result = log(sql, name) { @connection.select_all(sql) }
#result = @connection.select_all(sql)
columns = []
result.each do |field|
default = field[:DefaultValue].to_s.gsub!(/[()\']/,"") =~ /null/ ? nil : field[:DefaultValue]
if field[:ColType] =~ /numeric|decimal/i
type = "#{field[:ColType]}(#{field[:numeric_precision]},#{field[:numeric_scale]})"
else
type = "#{field[:ColType]}(#{field[:Length]})"
end
is_identity = field[:IsIdentity] == 1
is_nullable = field[:IsNullable] == 'YES'
columns << SQLServerColumn.new(field[:ColName], default, type, is_identity, is_nullable)
end
columns
end
def insert(sql, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil)
execute(sql, name)
id_value || select_one("SELECT @@IDENTITY AS Ident")["Ident"]
end
def update(sql, name = nil)
execute(sql, name) do |handle|
handle.rows
end || select_one("SELECT @@ROWCOUNT AS AffectedRows")["AffectedRows"]
end
alias_method :delete, :update
def execute(sql, name = nil)
if sql =~ /^\s*INSERT/i && (table_name = query_requires_identity_insert?(sql))
log(sql, name) do
with_identity_insert_enabled(table_name) do
@connection.execute(sql) do |handle|
yield(handle) if block_given?
end
end
end
else
log(sql, name) do
@connection.execute(sql) do |handle|
yield(handle) if block_given?
end
end
end
end
def begin_db_transaction
@connection["AutoCommit"] = false
rescue Exception => e
@connection["AutoCommit"] = true
end
def commit_db_transaction
@connection.commit
ensure
@connection["AutoCommit"] = true
end
def rollback_db_transaction
@connection.rollback
ensure
@connection["AutoCommit"] = true
end
def quote(value, column = nil)
return value.quoted_id if value.respond_to?(:quoted_id)
case value
when TrueClass then '1'
when FalseClass then '0'
when Time, DateTime then "'#{value.strftime("%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S")}'"
when Date then "'#{value.strftime("%Y%m%d")}'"
else super
end
end
def quote_string(string)
string.gsub(/\'/, "''")
end
def quote_column_name(name)
"[#{name}]"
end
def add_limit_offset!(sql, options)
if options[:limit] and options[:offset]
total_rows = @connection.select_all("SELECT count(*) as TotalRows from (#{sql.gsub(/\bSELECT(\s+DISTINCT)?\b/i, "SELECT#{$1} TOP 1000000000")}) tally")[0][:TotalRows].to_i
if (options[:limit] + options[:offset]) >= total_rows
options[:limit] = (total_rows - options[:offset] >= 0) ? (total_rows - options[:offset]) : 0
end
sql.sub!(/^\s*SELECT(\s+DISTINCT)?/i, "SELECT * FROM (SELECT TOP #{options[:limit]} * FROM (SELECT#{$1} TOP #{options[:limit] + options[:offset]} ")
sql << ") AS tmp1"
if options[:order]
options[:order] = options[:order].split(',').map do |field|
parts = field.split(" ")
tc = parts[0]
if sql =~ /\.\[/ and tc =~ /\./ # if column quoting used in query
tc.gsub!(/\./, '\\.\\[')
tc << '\\]'
end
if sql =~ /#{tc} AS (t\d_r\d\d?)/
parts[0] = $1
elsif parts[0] =~ /\w+\.(\w+)/
parts[0] = $1
end
parts.join(' ')
end.join(', ')
sql << " ORDER BY #{change_order_direction(options[:order])}) AS tmp2 ORDER BY #{options[:order]}"
else
sql << " ) AS tmp2"
end
elsif sql !~ /^\s*SELECT (@@|COUNT\()/i
sql.sub!(/^\s*SELECT(\s+DISTINCT)?/i) do
"SELECT#{$1} TOP #{options[:limit]}"
end unless options[:limit].nil?
end
end
def recreate_database(name)
drop_database(name)
create_database(name)
end
def drop_database(name)
execute "DROP DATABASE #{name}"
end
def create_database(name)
execute "CREATE DATABASE #{name}"
end
def current_database
@connection.select_one("select DB_NAME()")[0]
end
def tables(name = nil)
execute("SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'", name) do |sth|
sth.inject([]) do |tables, field|
table_name = field[0]
tables << table_name unless table_name == 'dtproperties'
tables
end
end
end
def indexes(table_name, name = nil)
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.instance_variable_get("@connection")["AutoCommit"] = false
indexes = []
execute("EXEC sp_helpindex #{table_name}", name) do |sth|
sth.each do |index|
unique = index[1] =~ /unique/
primary = index[1] =~ /primary key/
if !primary
indexes << IndexDefinition.new(table_name, index[0], unique, index[2].split(", "))
end
end
end
indexes
ensure
ActiveRecord::Base.connection.instance_variable_get("@connection")["AutoCommit"] = true
end
def rename_table(name, new_name)
execute "EXEC sp_rename '#{name}', '#{new_name}'"
end
# Adds a new column to the named table.
# See TableDefinition#column for details of the options you can use.
def add_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
add_column_sql = "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} ADD #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
add_column_options!(add_column_sql, options)
# TODO: Add support to mimic date columns, using constraints to mark them as such in the database
# add_column_sql << " CONSTRAINT ck__#{table_name}__#{column_name}__date_only CHECK ( CONVERT(CHAR(12), #{quote_column_name(column_name)}, 14)='00:00:00:000' )" if type == :date
execute(add_column_sql)
end
def rename_column(table, column, new_column_name)
execute "EXEC sp_rename '#{table}.#{column}', '#{new_column_name}'"
end
def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {}) #:nodoc:
sql_commands = ["ALTER TABLE #{table_name} ALTER COLUMN #{column_name} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"]
if options_include_default?(options)
remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
sql_commands << "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} ADD CONSTRAINT DF_#{table_name}_#{column_name} DEFAULT #{quote(options[:default], options[:column])} FOR #{column_name}"
end
sql_commands.each {|c|
execute(c)
}
end
def remove_column(table_name, column_name)
remove_check_constraints(table_name, column_name)
remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
execute "ALTER TABLE [#{table_name}] DROP COLUMN [#{column_name}]"
end
def remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
constraints = select "select def.name from sysobjects def, syscolumns col, sysobjects tab where col.cdefault = def.id and col.name = '#{column_name}' and tab.name = '#{table_name}' and col.id = tab.id"
constraints.each do |constraint|
execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} DROP CONSTRAINT #{constraint["name"]}"
end
end
def remove_check_constraints(table_name, column_name)
# TODO remove all constraints in single method
constraints = select "SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE where TABLE_NAME = '#{table_name}' and COLUMN_NAME = '#{column_name}'"
constraints.each do |constraint|
execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} DROP CONSTRAINT #{constraint["CONSTRAINT_NAME"]}"
end
end
def remove_index(table_name, options = {})
execute "DROP INDEX #{table_name}.#{quote_column_name(index_name(table_name, options))}"
end
private
def select(sql, name = nil)
repair_special_columns(sql)
result = []
execute(sql) do |handle|
handle.each do |row|
row_hash = {}
row.each_with_index do |value, i|
if value.is_a? DBI::Timestamp
value = DateTime.new(value.year, value.month, value.day, value.hour, value.minute, value.sec)
end
row_hash[handle.column_names[i]] = value
end
result << row_hash
end
end
result
end
# Turns IDENTITY_INSERT ON for table during execution of the block
# N.B. This sets the state of IDENTITY_INSERT to OFF after the
# block has been executed without regard to its previous state
def with_identity_insert_enabled(table_name, &block)
set_identity_insert(table_name, true)
yield
ensure
set_identity_insert(table_name, false)
end
def set_identity_insert(table_name, enable = true)
execute "SET IDENTITY_INSERT #{table_name} #{enable ? 'ON' : 'OFF'}"
rescue Exception => e
raise ActiveRecordError, "IDENTITY_INSERT could not be turned #{enable ? 'ON' : 'OFF'} for table #{table_name}"
end
def get_table_name(sql)
if sql =~ /^\s*insert\s+into\s+([^\(\s]+)\s*|^\s*update\s+([^\(\s]+)\s*/i
$1
elsif sql =~ /from\s+([^\(\s]+)\s*/i
$1
else
nil
end
end
def identity_column(table_name)
@table_columns = {} unless @table_columns
@table_columns[table_name] = columns(table_name) if @table_columns[table_name] == nil
@table_columns[table_name].each do |col|
return col.name if col.identity
end
return nil
end
def query_requires_identity_insert?(sql)
table_name = get_table_name(sql)
id_column = identity_column(table_name)
sql =~ /\[#{id_column}\]/ ? table_name : nil
end
def change_order_direction(order)
order.split(",").collect {|fragment|
case fragment
when /\bDESC\b/i then fragment.gsub(/\bDESC\b/i, "ASC")
when /\bASC\b/i then fragment.gsub(/\bASC\b/i, "DESC")
else String.new(fragment).split(',').join(' DESC,') + ' DESC'
end
}.join(",")
end
def get_special_columns(table_name)
special = []
@table_columns ||= {}
@table_columns[table_name] ||= columns(table_name)
@table_columns[table_name].each do |col|
special << col.name if col.is_special
end
special
end
def repair_special_columns(sql)
special_cols = get_special_columns(get_table_name(sql))
for col in special_cols.to_a
sql.gsub!(Regexp.new(" #{col.to_s} = "), " #{col.to_s} LIKE ")
sql.gsub!(/ORDER BY #{col.to_s}/i, '')
end
sql
end
end #class SQLServerAdapter < AbstractAdapter
end #module ConnectionAdapters
end #module ActiveRecord